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BIOLOGY A
EXAM UNIT 2
Chapters 7-11

1.) If a hybrid has a phenotype that is midway between the phenotypes of its pure-breeding parents, the
trait being studied is probably controlled by:
a. incompletely dominant alleles. c. codominant alleles.
b. multiple alleles. d. linked genes.

2.) A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait is called a:
a. pedigree. c. Punnett square.
b. karyotype. d. phenotype.

3.) A Punnett square is used to determine the:

a. result of meiosis I. c. result of segregation.
b. probable outcome of a cross. d. actual outcome of a cross.

4.) The effects of a dominant allele are seen:

a. only if both alleles are dominant. c. only if the other allele is recessive.
b. regardless of the other allele. d. only in female offspring.

5.) In guinea pigs, black color is dominant. When two hybrid black guinea pigs are crossed, the probability
of producing a white guinea pig is:
a. 0%. c. 33%.
b. 25%. d. 50%.

6.) An important function of meiosis is to:

a. increase the diploid chromosome number of a species.
b. maintain the diploid chromosome number of a species.
c. increase the number of dominant alleles.
d. increase the number of recessive alleles.

7.) A genetic disorder that produces abnormally thick mucus in the lungs and intestines is called:
a. sickle-cell anemia. c. cystic fibrosis.
b. hemophilia. d. Down syndrome.

8.) All nucleotides contain each of the following EXCEPT a:

a. protein. c. nitrogenous base.
b. sugar. d. phosphate group.

9.) If one strand of DNA has the sequence of nitrogenous bases AACTG, its complementary strand has the
sequence:
a. TTGAC. c. AACTG.
b. UUBAC. d. AACUC.

10.) Genetic engineering has been used to produce:

a. medicines. c. food animals.
b. improved crops. d. all of the above.

11.) Which produces offspring from a single cell of an adult?

a. hybridization c. polymerase chain reaction
b. inbreeding d. cloning

12.) The main goal of the Human Genome Project is to:

a. identify the unique parts of each person's DNA.
b. identify genes responsible for human diseases.
c. identify genes responsible for human behavior.
d. determine the entire sequence of human DNA.

13.) Of the alleles that determine human blood type,

a. IB and i are codominant. c. IA and i are codominant.
b. IA and IB are codominant. d. i is dominant.

14.) Sex-linked recessive traits occur:

a. more often in males than in females. c. more often in females than in males.
b. because of genes on chromosome 21. d. because of genes on autosomes.
15.) The total chromosome number of a human male is often written as:
a. 46XX. c. 46XY.
b. 46YY. d. 48.

16.) How many chromosomes are found in each diploid cell of a person with Down syndrome?
a. 47 c. 45
b. 22 d. 24

17.) In human females, meiosis produces eggs that have:

a. one X chromosome. c. two X chromosomes.
b. one Y chromosome. d. an X or a Y chromosome.

18.) Red-green color blindness, like hemophilia, is an example of an X-linked recessive trait. Imagine a son
is born to a father with normal color vision and a mother who is a carrier of red-green color blindness.
What is his probability of being red-green colorblind?
a. 0% c. 50%
b. 25% d. 100%

19.) Hemophilia is caused by a(n):

a. recessive allele on the X chromosome.
b. extra chromosome.
c. codominant allele.
d. mutation in which three bases are removed from a DNA molecule.

20.) A person with type O blood inherits:

a. two dominant alleles for blood type.
b. two recessive alleles for blood type.
c. one dominant allele and one recessive allele for blood type.
d. two codominant alleles for blood type.

21.) People with blood type A can have which allele combination(s)?
(i) IAIA
(ii) IAi
(iii) IAIB
(iv) ii
a. (i) only c. (iii) and (iv)
b. (i) and (ii) d. (i), (ii), and (iv)

22.) You are told that one of a child's parents has type A blood, while the other parent has type B blood.
The child's blood type:
a. could be A, B, AB, or O. c. could be A or B only.
b. must be AB. d. could be AB or O only.

23.) Crossing two plants with desirable traits is an example of:

a. multiple alleles. c. selective breeding.
b. cloning. d. genetic engineering.

24.) During protein synthesis, the role of the transfer RNA is to:
a. make messenger RNA. c. make DNA.
b. carry amino acids. d. carry proteins.

25.) Which of the following statements about RNA is FALSE?

a. RNA is single stranded.
b. RNA has a different sugar molecule from the sugar found in DNA.
c. RNA contains uracil.
d. RNA contains thymine.