Question 1

This factor is not a component of a material

Processing

Crystallinity

Properties

Performance

Question 2

Substances in which measured properties are independent of the direction of measurement

Anisotropic

Bitropic

Isotropic

Multitropic
 none of the above

Question 3

Which of the following has the highest resistance to fracture?

Polymers

Ceramics

Metals

Composites

Question 4

Relate to the chemical reactivity of materials.

Mechanical

Electrical

Thermal
 Deteriorative

Question 5

One basic classification of a material

Composite

Plastics

Alloys

Metals

Question 6

1.Tries to create a new material with the desired properties based on an existing material with similar
properties

Materials Scientist and Engineers

Industrial Engineer

Civil Engineer
 Chef

Question 7

Defined as the characteristic of a material that differentiate it from other materials. It is independent
on its size and shape

Property of a Material

Structure of a Material

Process of a Material

Performance of a Material

none of the above

Question 8

This is not a property of a Material

Mechanical

Electrical
 Heat Transfer

Optical

Question 9

Correct.

What is the difference between atomic mass and atomic weight?

Atomic mass is the average of the atomic masses of an atom's naturally occurring isotopes,
whereas atomic weight is the weight of an individual atom.

Atomic mass is characterized by the number of neutrons in the nucleus, whereas atomic weight
is the weight of an individual atom.

Atomic mass is the mass of an individual atom, whereas atomic weight is the average
(weighted) of the atomic masses of an atom's naturally occurring isotopes.

Atomic weight = Atomic mass g.

Atomic mass is characterized by the number of protons in the nucleus, whereas atomic weight
is the average (weighted) of the atomic masses of an atom's naturally occurring isotopes.

Question 10

Correct.

The net potential energy between two adjacent ions, EN, may be represented by

Where A, B, and n are constants whose values depend on the particular ionic system.

Calculate the bonding energy E0 in terms of the parameters A, B, and n using the following procedure:
(1) Differentiate EN with respect to r, and then set the resulting expression equal to zero, since the
curve of EN versus r is a minimum at E0.
(2) Solve for r in terms of A, B, and n, which yields r0, the equilibrium interionic spacing.
(3) Determine the expression for E0 by substitution of r0 into the above equation for EN. Which of the
following equations represents the expression for E0?
Question 11

Your answer is correct.

What type(s) of bonding would be expected for brass (a copperzinc alloy)?

Covalent bonding with some van der Waals bonding

Metallic bonding

van der Waals bonding

Ionic bonding

Question 12

Correct.

The nucleus of an atom contains

Electrons

Neutrons

Protons

Question 13

Correct.
The atomic number of an electrically neutral atom is equal to the number of:
Choose all that apply.

Protons

Electrons

Neutrons

Question 14

Type of chemical bond formed through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions

Metallic bond

Ionic bond

Covalent bond

Capillary bond

Question 15

Which atomic model is currently used to describe the wave particle duality of electrons?
 Bohr atomic model

Rutherford's model

Quantum theory

String theory

Question 16

At the state of equilibrium, the repulsive force is equal to

The frictional force

The attractive force

The buoyant force

The resultant force

Question 17

Two atoms that are bonded with this bond will each contribute at least one electron to the bond, and
the shared electrons may be considered to belong to both atoms
 Covalent bond

Metallic bond

Mechanical bond

Ionic bond

none of the above

Question 18

Correct.

What is the difference between atomic structure and crystal structure?

Atomic structure relates to the type of atomic bonding.

Crystal structure pertains to the arrangement of atoms in the crystalline solid material.

Atomic structure relates to the number of electrons.

Crystal structure pertains to the type of atomic bonding in the crystalline solid material.

Atomic structure relates to the arrangement of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an
atom.
Crystal structure pertains to the electron structure of the individual atoms.

Atomic structure relates to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Crystal structure pertains to the number and probability distributions of the electrons.

Atomic structure relates to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom, as
well as the number and probability distributions of the constituent electrons.
Crystal structure pertains to the arrangement of atoms in the crystalline solid material.

Question 19
 Correct.

Which crystal system(s) listed below has (have) the following relationship for the unit cell edge
lengths?

Orthorhombic

Tetragonal

Monoclinic

Hexagonal

Rhombohedral

Triclinic

Cubic

Question 20

Basic structural unit or building block of the crystal structure and defines the crystal structure by
virtue of its geometry and the atom positions within

Building unit
 Cubicle

Crystal cell

Unit cell

Question 21

How many atoms can be contained in an Hexagonal Closed Pack Structure?

Question 22

Your answer is correct.

A steel rod is pulled in tension with a stress that is less than the yield strength. The modulus of elasticity
may be calculated as

Axial load divided by change in length

 Axial stress divided by axial strain

Axial stress divided by change in length

Axial stress times axial strain

Question 23

Correct.

For most metals, the relationship between elastic and shear moduli is approximately which of the
following?

G = 0.1 E

G = 0.2 E

G = 0.3 E

G = 0.4 E

G = 0.5 E

Question 24

This law states that in the linear part of the stress-strain curve, the slope of the linear part is equal to
the Young's Modulus
 Ohm's Law

Young's Law

Hooke's Law

none of the above

Question 25

Defined as the ratio of lateral and axial strains

Young's Ratio

Capacitive Ratio

Poisson's Ratio

none of the above

Question 26

Force or load per unit area of cross-section over which the force or load is acting
 Stress

Strain

Tensile Force

Shear Force

none of the above

Question 27

In metals, the stress level at which plastic deformation begins

Linear Point

Plastic Deformation Point

Failure Point

Proportional Limit

none of the above

Question 28

The slope of the linear part of the stress-strain curve in the elastic region.

Young's Modulus

Tensile Modulus

Strain Modulus

none of the above

Question 29

This modulus may be thought of as stiffness, or a material's resistance to elastic deformation

Ohm's Modulus

Young's Modulus

Modulus of Inelasticity

none of the above

Question 30
This is the point in the stress-strain curve wherein breaking occurs

Fracture

Ultimate Tensile Strength

Proportional Limit

BreakUp Point

none of the above

Question 31

For a parallel plate capacitor, increasing the dielectric constant will increase the

Voltage

Resistance

Inductance

Capacitance
 none of the above

Question 32

If the voltage applied to a material is 220 V and the current passing through it is 1 ampere, what is
the resistance of the material?

22.2 ohms

220 ohms

2.2 ohms

0.5 ohms

none of the above

Question 33

This material property is indirectly proportional to conductivity

Resistance

Resistivity
 Conductance

Capacitance

none of the above

Question 34

The unit of Capacitance is

Ohms

Farad

Volts

Amperes

none of the above

Question 35

Law that states that the voltage applied to the material is directly proportional to the current passing
through the material
 Capacitive Law

Mho's Law

Ohm's Law

Resistive Law

none of the above

Component of Material

This factor is not a component of a material

Processing

Crystallinity

Properties

Performance

Property of Material
This is not a property of a Material

Mechanical

Electrical

Heat Transfer

Optical

Property of Material

Substances in which measured properties are independent of the direction of measurement

Anisotropic

Bitropic

Isotropic

Multitropic

none of the above

Materials Science and Engineering

1.Tries to create a new material with the desired properties based on an existing material with similar
properties

Materials Scientist and Engineers

Industrial Engineer

Civil Engineer

Chef

Classification of Materials

One basic classification of a material

Composite

Plastics

Alloys

Metals

Classification of Materials

Which of the following has the highest resistance to fracture?

 Polymers

Ceramics

Metals

Composites

Property of Material

Relate to the chemical reactivity of materials.

Mechanical

Electrical

Thermal

Deteriorative

Characteristics of Materials

Defined as the characteristic of a material that differentiate it from other materials. It is independent
on its size and shape
 Property of a Material

Structure of a Material

Process of a Material

Performance of a Material

none of the above

Forces in Atoms

At the state of equilibrium, the repulsive force is equal to

The frictional force

The attractive force

The buoyant force

The resultant force

Atomic Model

Which atomic model is currently used to describe the wave particle duality of electrons?
 Bohr atomic model

Rutherford's model

Quantum theory

String theory

Types of Bonds

Type of chemical bond formed through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions

Metallic bond

Ionic bond

Covalent bond

Capillary bond

Bonds in Atoms

Two atoms that are bonded with this bond will each contribute at least one electron to the bond, and
the shared electrons may be considered to belong to both atoms
 Covalent bond

Metallic bond

Mechanical bond

Ionic bond

none of the above

Atoms in FCC Structure

How many atoms can be contained in an FCC structure?

Structure of FCC

If the radius of a face centered cubic crystal is half the length of its unit cell edge, then the
relationship of the FCC?s radius and edge length is
 a=piR^2

a=R

a=2.5R

Nonexistent because the structure cannot be formed

none of the above

Structure of BCC

If the radius of the body centered cubic crystal is SQRT(3) Angstrom (A) then the unit edge is

2A

4A

3A

16A

Atoms in Hexagonal Systems

How many atoms can be contained in an Hexagonal Closed Pack Structure?

 2

Basic Building Block of Crystal Structure

Basic structural unit or building block of the crystal structure and defines the crystal structure by
virtue of its geometry and the atom positions within

Building unit

Cubicle

Crystal cell

Unit cell

Edge length and Radius of the Atom

If the radius of a face centered cubic crystal is 1 Angstrom (A), then the unit edge is
 a=R^2

a=2

a=1

a=2Sqrt(2)

Mechanical Property

In metals, the stress level at which plastic deformation begins

Linear Point

Plastic Deformation Point

Failure Point

Proportional Limit

none of the above

Mechanical Property

The slope of the linear part of the stress-strain curve in the elastic region.
 Young's Modulus

Tensile Modulus

Strain Modulus

none of the above

Mechanical Property

This law states that in the linear part of the stress-strain curve, the slope of the linear part is equal to
the Young's Modulus

Ohm's Law

Young's Law

Hooke's Law

none of the above

Mechanical Property

This is the point in the stress-strain curve wherein breaking occurs

 Fracture

Ultimate Tensile Strength

Proportional Limit

BreakUp Point

none of the above

Mechanical Property

This modulus may be thought of as stiffness, or a material's resistance to elastic deformation

Ohm's Modulus

Young's Modulus

Modulus of Inelasticity

none of the above

Mechanical Property

Force or load per unit area of cross-section over which the force or load is acting
 Stress

Strain

Tensile Force

Shear Force

none of the above

Mechanical Property

Defined as the ratio of lateral and axial strains

Young's Ratio

Capacitive Ratio

Poisson's Ratio

none of the above

Electrochemical Consideration
Reaction in which the electrons from the anodic region is transferred and become part of another
chemical species

Oxidation

Reduction

Electromigration

Superconduction

none of the above

Oxidation

This process will form nonmetallic films or scales in metals

Oxidation

Reduction

Electromigration

Superconduction
 none of the above

Electrochemical Consideration

This process will result in the loss of electrons in metals

Oxidation

Reduction

Electromigration

Superconduction

none of the above

Electrical Properties

This material property is indirectly proportional to conductivity

Resistance

Resistivity
 Conductance

Capacitance

none of the above

Electrical Properties

Law that states that the voltage applied to the material is directly proportional to the current passing
through the material

Capacitive Law

Mho's Law

Ohm's Law

Resistive Law

none of the above

Ohm's Law

If the voltage applied to a material is 220 V and the current passing through it is 1 ampere, what is
the resistance of the material?
 22.2 ohms

220 ohms

2.2 ohms

0.5 ohms

none of the above

Capacitance

The unit of Capacitance is

Ohms

Farad

Volts

Amperes

none of the above

Capacitance
For a parallel plate capacitor, increasing the dielectric constant will increase the

Voltage

Resistance

Inductance

Capacitance

none of the above

Thermal Property

Stress induced in a body as a result of slow changes in temperature

Thermal Shock

Thermal Stress

Thermal annealing

Thermal Tempering
 none of the above

Thermal Property

If the change in temperature of a certain 1 meter aluminum wire is 100 deg Celsius, what is the
change in its length? (Alpha = 23.6 x 10^-6/deg C)

23.6 x 10^4 m

23.6 x 10^-4 m

2.36 x 10^-4 m

0.236 x 10^-4 m

none of the above

Thermal Property

It represents the amount of energy required to produce a unit temperature rise.

Heat Capacity

Calories
 Heat

Joule

none of the above

Magnetic Property

This kind of magnetic field is weak and attracts towards the external magnetic field applied to the
material

Diamagnetic

Paramagnetic

Ferrimagnetic

Ferromagnetic

none of the above

Magnetic Property

This kind of magnetic field is strong and exists even without the presence of external magnetic field
 Paramagnetic

Ferromagnetic

Diamagnetic

none of the above

Magnetic Property

This kind of magnetic field is weak and opposes the external magnetic field applied to the material

Diamagnetic

Paramagnetic

Ferrimagnetic

Ferromagnetic

none of the above

Energy of Light

If the frequency of the light source is 10 hertz, the energy of the light is
 6.63 x 10^33 J

3.33 x 10^6 J

3.33 x 10^3 J

6.63 x 10^-33 J

Optical Properties

Describes how light propagates through a medium

Refractive Index

Reflective Index

Capacitance

Index of luminosity

none of the above

Optical Properties
Phenomenon wherein the absorbed energy of the material is reemitted as visible light. The interval
between absorption and reemission is greater than 1 second

Luminiscence

Transluscence

Phosphorescence

Transparence

none of the above

Optical Properties

Materials that are capable of transmitting light with relatively little absorption and reflection

Phosphorescent

Transparent

Opaque

Flourescent
 none of the above

Speed of Light

If the wavelength of light is 1 x 10^8 m, its frequency is

1/3 m

3m

3 hertz

1/3 hertz

none of the above

Question 1, Part 1

A copper-nickel alloy of composition 40 wt% Ni-60 wt% Cu is slowly heated from a temperature of
1150C (2100 F).

(a) At what temperature does the first liquid phase form?

(b) What is the composition of this liquid phase?
(c) At what temperature does complete melting of the alloy occur?
(d) What is the composition of the last solid remaining prior to complete melting?

See Animated Figure 9.3a

Part 1

Carefully review Section 9.7 and Figure 9.3. Think about what happens to the composition given
in the problem as you slowly heat it. What happens to this composition when it passes the
solidus line?

If you are having difficulty with this problem, you may wish to review:
Solving Equations
Graphing Conceptual Overview

At what temperature does the first liquid phase form?

9.11
C

the tolerance is +/-2%

Question 2

Your answer is incorrect.

For an alloy of composition 50 wt% Zn-50 wt% Cu, what phase(s) is (are) present at 400C and what
is (are) the mass fraction(s) of the phase(s)? You may find the Animated Figure 9.19 (the Cu-Zn
phase diagram) helpful.

and phases

Liquid phase

phase

' and phases

 phase

Question 4

Incorrect.

Which of the following kinds of information may be determined with the aid of a phase diagram?

The phase(s) present at a specified temperature and composition.

The fraction(s) of phase(s) present at specified temperature and composition.

The composition(s) of phase(s) present at a specified temperature and composition.

Question 5

Correct.

A liquidus line separates which of the following combinations of phase fields?

Liquid + and +

and Liquid +

Liquid and Liquid +

 and +

Question 6

Incorrect.

A solvus line separates which of the following pairs of phase fields?

Liquid and Liquid +

and +

and Liquid +

Liquid + and +

Question 7

Your answer is correct.

From the list below, select four situations in which casting is the preferred fabrication technique.

(1) For large pieces and/or complicated shapes

(2) For alloys having low ductilities

(3) When the processing would be very precise

(4) When mechanical strength is not an important consideration

(5) When it is needed to join a large variety of metals and alloys

(6) When it is the most economical fabrication technique

 (1), (2), (4), (6)

(1), (2), (4), (5)

(2), (3), (5), (6)

(2), (3), (4), (6)

(1), (3), (4), (5)

Question 8

Correct.

Forging operations normally take place at

Room temperature

High temperatures

Low temperatures

Question 9

Correct.

Which of the following are forming operations?

 Drawing

Powder metallurgy

Welding

Continuous casting

Extrusion

Die casting

Forging

Rolling

Question 10

Your answer is correct.

Is it possible to grind up and reuse phenol-formaldehyde?

No, it is not possible.

Yes, it is possible.

Question 11
 Incorrect.

How does the electron structure of an isolated atom differ from that of a solid material?

Answer:

An isolated atom has an electron band structure. Solid materials have discrete electron energy
states.

An isolated atom has discrete electron energy states. Solid materials have electron band
structures.

Question 12

Correct.

Which of ZnSe and GaAs has the larger band gap energy?

GaAs

ZnSe

Question 13

Correct.

Which type of charge carrier will be introduced into a semiconductor by the presence of an acceptor
impurity?

Electron

Hole
Question 14

Correct.

Which type of charge carrier will be introduced into a semiconductor by the presence of a donor
impurity?

Hole

Electron

Question 15

Correct.

For a semiconductor, when an electric field is applied, in which direction are the holes accelerated?

In the same direction as the electric field.

Opposite to the direction of the electric field.

Question 16

Correct.

The electrical conductivity of an extrinsic semiconductor is

characteristic of the high-purity material.

 due to the presence of impurities.

Question 17

Correct.

Are energies for electrons that participate in the conduction process (i.e., free electrons) greater or
less than the Fermi energy?

Less than

Greater than

Question 18

Correct.

Are energies for holes greater or less than the Fermi energy?

Greater than

Less than

Question 19

Correct.

An insulator has an energy band gap that is relatively

 narrow.

wide.

Question 20

Correct.

The electrical conductivity of an intrinsic semiconductor is

due to the presence of impurities.

characteristic of the high-purity material.

Question 21

Correct.

How do the electrical conductivities of metals compare with those of semiconductors?

Metals > Semiconductors

Metals =Semiconductors

Metals < Semiconductors

Question 22

Correct.

For an n-type semiconductor, which type of charge carrier is present in the greater concentration?
 Electron

Hole

Question 23

Correct.

For an n-type semiconductor

Concentrationelectrons < concentrationholes

Concentrationelectrons =Concentrationholes

Concentrationelectrons > Concentrationholes

Question 24

Correct.

For a p-type semiconductor, which type of charge carrier is present in the greater concentration?

Electrons

Holes

Question 25
 Correct.

For a p-type semiconductor

Concentrationelectrons < concentrationholes

Concentrationelectrons =Concentrationholes

Concentrationelectrons > Concentrationholes

Question 26

Correct.

In order for a semiconductor to exhibit extrinsic electrical characteristics, relatively high impurity
concentrations are required.

True

False

Question 27

Correct.

A semiconductor has an energy band gap that is relatively

narrow.
 wide.

Question 28

Correct.

How does increasing temperature affect the concentration of both electrons and holes in an intrinsic
semiconductor?

May increase and/or decrease the concentration, depending on the temperature range.

Increases the concentration.

Decreases the concentration.

Practice Question: Binary Eutectic Systems I

Correct!

Using Animated Figure 9.8, determine which of the phases/phase combinations listed below will be
present for an alloy of composition 46 wt% Sn - 54 wt% Pb that is at equilibrium at 44C?

liquid

beta

beta + liquid
 alpha + beta + liquid

alpha + beta

alpha

alpha + liquid

Practice Question: Binary Eutectic Systems II

Correct!

Using the Animated Figure 9.8, determine which of the phases/phase combinations listed below will be
present for an alloy of composition 77 wt% Sn - 23 wt% Pb that is at equilibrium at 190C?

beta + liquid

alpha

alpha + liquid

alpha + beta

alpha + beta + liquid

beta
 liquid

Practice Question: Development of Microstructure in Eutectic Alloys

Correct!

Using the Animated Figure 9.8, for an alloy of composition 25 wt% Sn - 75 wt% Pb, select the
phase(s) present and their composition(s) at 200C.

L = 25 wt% Sn - 75 wt% Pb; = 25 wt% Sn - 75 wt% Pb

= 17 wt% Sn - 83 wt% Pb; = 55.7 wt% Sn - 44.3 wt% P

= 17 wt% Sn - 83 wt% Pb; L = 55.7 wt% Sn - 44.3 wt% Pb

= 18.3 wt% Sn - 81.7 wt% Pb; = 97.8 wt% Sn - 2.2 wt% Pb

Practice Question: Eutectoid Reactions

Correct!

A eutectoid reaction involves which of the following phases?

Three solid

Two liquids and one solid

One liquid and one solid

 One liquid and two solid

Problem 9.16

Your answer is correct.

For an alloy of composition 50 wt% Zn-50 wt% Cu, what phase(s) is (are) present at 1000C and
what is (are) the mass fraction(s) of the phase(s)? You may find the Animated Figure 9.19 (the Cu-Zn
phase diagram) helpful.

' and phases

phase

and phases

phase

Liquid phase

Problem 9.76

Your answer is correct.

The mass fraction of eutectoid cementite in a hypereutectoid iron-carbon alloy (just below its eutectoid
temperature) is 0.104. On the basis of this information, determine the composition of the alloy. If it is
not possible to determine the composition from the information provided, enter 0.

1.11003 wt% C
Problem 9.77

Your answer is incorrect.

The mass fraction of eutectoid ferrite in a hypoeutectoid iron-carbon alloy (just below its eutectoid
temperature) is 0.854. On the basis of this information, determine the composition of the alloy. If it is
not possible to determine the composition from the information provided, enter 0.

0 wt% C
Supplemental Question: Eutectoid reaction

Correct.

A eutectoid reaction involves which of the following phases?

One liquid and one solid

One liquid and two solid

Two liquids and one solid

Three solid

Supplemental Question: Liquidus line

Correct.

A liquidus line separates which of the following combinations of phase fields?

and Liquid +

and +
 Liquid + and +

Liquid and Liquid +

Supplemental Question: Peritectic reaction

Correct.

A peritectic reaction involves which of the following combinations of phase fields?

One liquid and one solid

One liquid and two solid

Two liquids and one solid

Three solid

Supplemental Question: Phases present at eutectic point

Correct.

At a eutectic point on a binary temperature-composition phase diagram, how many phases are present
when the system is at equilibrium?

1
 2

Supplemental Question: Solvus line

Correct.

A solvus line separates which of the following pairs of phase fields?

Liquid and Liquid +

and Liquid +

and +

Liquid + and +

#1 (take note, different values given) swerte if same given d2 kasi tama to :D
#3, di ko sure yung Part 2 & onwardssad

Problem 2.18

Correct.

The net potential energy between two adjacent ions, EN, may be represented by

Where A, B, and n are constants whose values depend on the particular ionic system.

Calculate the bonding energy E0 in terms of the parameters A, B, and n using the following procedure:
(1) Differentiate EN with respect to r, and then set the resulting expression equal to zero, since the
curve of EN versus r is a minimum at E0.
(2) Solve for r in terms of A, B, and n, which yields r0, the equilibrium interionic spacing.
(3) Determine the expression for E0 by substitution of r0 into the above equation for EN. Which of the
following equations represents the expression for E0?

Problem 6.24 (GO Multistep)

A cylindrical rod 100 mm long and having a diameter of 10.0 mm is to be deformed using a tensile
load of 27,500 N. It must not experience either plastic deformation or a diameter reduction of
more than 7.510-3 mm. Of the materials listed as follows, which are possible candidates? Justify
your choice(s).

Material Modulus of Elasticity(GPa) Yield Strength (MPa) Poisson's Ratio

Aluminum alloy 70 200 0.33

Brass alloy 101 300 0.34

Steel alloy 207 400 0.30

Titanium alloy 107 650 0.34

Part 1

Excellent!

What is the stress in MPa in the cylindrical rod?

350
= MPa

Problem 6.24 (GO Multistep)

A cylindrical rod 100 mm long and having a diameter of 10.0 mm is to be deformed using a tensile
load of 27,500 N. It must not experience either plastic deformation or a diameter reduction of
more than 7.510-3 mm. Of the materials listed as follows, which are possible candidates? Justify
your choice(s).

Material Modulus of Elasticity(GPa) Yield Strength (MPa) Poisson's Ratio

Aluminum alloy 70 200 0.33

Brass alloy 101 300 0.34

Steel alloy 207 400 0.30

Titanium alloy 107 650 0.34

Part 2

Well done!

Which materials would be acceptable for this design based upon the answer to Step One? (Select
all materials that are acceptable.)

steel alloy

titanium alloy

aluminum alloy

brass alloy

Problem 6.24 (GO Multistep)

A cylindrical rod 100 mm long and having a diameter of 10.0 mm is to be deformed using a tensile
load of 27,500 N. It must not experience either plastic deformation or a diameter reduction of
more than 7.510-3 mm. Of the materials listed as follows, which are possible candidates? Justify
your choice(s).

Material Modulus of Elasticity(GPa) Yield Strength (MPa) Poisson's Ratio

Aluminum alloy 70 200 0.33

Brass alloy 101 300 0.34

Steel alloy 207 400 0.30

Titanium alloy 107 650 0.34

Part 3

Excellent!

Calculate the change in diameter, d, in mm, for each of the alloys the meet the first design
criterion as determined in Steps 1 and 2.

What is d, in mm, for the:

a) steel alloy?
b) titanium alloy?

-0.0051
a) d = mm

-0.0111
b) d = mm

Problem 6.24 (GO Multistep)

A cylindrical rod 100 mm long and having a diameter of 10.0 mm is to be deformed using a tensile
load of 27,500 N. It must not experience either plastic deformation or a diameter reduction of
more than 7.510-3 mm. Of the materials listed as follows, which are possible candidates? Justify
your choice(s).

Material Modulus of Elasticity(GPa) Yield Strength (MPa) Poisson's Ratio

Aluminum alloy 70 200 0.33

Brass alloy 101 300 0.34

Steel alloy 207 400 0.30

Titanium alloy 107 650 0.34

Part 4

Excellent!

Which of the steel and titanium alloys also meets the second criterion?

neither alloy

both alloys

steel alloy

titanium alloy

Problem 19.13

Correct.

To what temperature (in C) must a cylindrical rod of one metal 10.082 mm in diameter and a plate of
second metal having a circular hole 9.985 mm in diameter have to be heated for the rod to just fit into
the hole? Assume that the initial temperature is 24C and that the linear expansion coefficient values
for metals one and two are 4.8 x 10-6 (C)-1 and 18 x 10-6 (C)-1, respectively.

762.561 C

Question 3, Part 1

Determine the relative amounts (in terms of volume fractions) for a 15 wt% Sn-85 wt% Pb alloy at
100C. The densities of tin and lead at 100C are given as follows:
 Sn = 7.29 g/cm3

Pb = 11.27 g/cm3

You may also want to use Animated Figure 9.8.

Part 1

Your answer is correct.

What phase(s) is(are) present for an alloy of this composition?

See Animated Figure 9.8

alpha + liquid phases

beta phase

beta + liquid phases

liquid phase

alpha phase

alpha + beta phases

Question 4

Correct.

Which of the following kinds of information may be determined with the aid of a phase diagram?
 The fraction(s) of phase(s) present at specified temperature and composition.

The phase(s) present at a specified temperature and composition.

The composition(s) of phase(s) present at a specified temperature and composition.

Question 5

Correct.

A liquidus line separates which of the following combinations of phase fields?

and +

Liquid + and +

Liquid and Liquid +

and Liquid +

Question 6

Correct.

A solvus line separates which of the following pairs of phase fields?

Liquid and Liquid +

 Liquid + and +

and Liquid +

and +

Question 7

Your answer is correct.

From the list below, select four situations in which casting is the preferred fabrication technique.

(1) When the processing would be very precise

(2) For large pieces and/or complicated shapes

(3) When mechanical strength is not an important consideration

(4) For metals having high melting temperatures

(5) For alloys having low ductilities

(6) When it is the most economical fabrication technique

(2), (3), (5), (6)

(1), (2), (4), (6)

(1), (3), (4), (5)

(2), (3), (4), (6)

 (1), (2), (4), (5)

Question 8

Correct.

Forging operations normally take place at

High temperatures

Room temperature

Low temperatures

Question 9

Correct.

Which of the following are forming operations?

Welding

Extrusion

Continuous casting

Rolling
 Drawing

Die casting

Powder metallurgy

Forging

Question 10

Your answer is correct.

Is it possible to grind up and reuse phenol-formaldehyde?

Yes, it is possible.

No, it is not possible.

Question 11

Correct.

How does the electron structure of an isolated atom differ from that of a solid material?

Answer:

An isolated atom has an electron band structure. Solid materials have discrete electron energy
states.

An isolated atom has discrete electron energy states. Solid materials have electron band
structures.
Question 12

Correct.

Which of ZnSe and CdTe has the larger band gap energy?

ZnSe

CdTe

Question 13

Correct.

Which type of charge carrier will be introduced into a semiconductor by the presence of an acceptor
impurity?

Electron

Hole

Question 14

Correct.

Which type of charge carrier will be introduced into a semiconductor by the presence of a donor
impurity?

Hole
 Electron

Question 15

Correct.

For a semiconductor, when an electric field is applied, in which direction are the holes accelerated?

Opposite to the direction of the electric field.

In the same direction as the electric field.

Question 16

Correct.

The electrical conductivity of an extrinsic semiconductor is

due to the presence of impurities.

characteristic of the high-purity material.

Question 17

Correct.

Are energies for electrons that participate in the conduction process (i.e., free electrons) greater or
less than the Fermi energy?
 Greater than

Less than

Question 18

Correct.

Are energies for holes greater or less than the Fermi energy?

Greater than

Less than

Question 19

Correct.

An insulator has an energy band gap that is relatively

wide.

narrow.

Question 20

Correct.

The electrical conductivity of an intrinsic semiconductor is

 characteristic of the high-purity material.

due to the presence of impurities.

Question 21

Correct.

How do the electrical conductivities of metals compare with those of semiconductors?

Metals > Semiconductors

Metals =Semiconductors

Metals < Semiconductors

Question 22

Correct.

For an n-type semiconductor, which type of charge carrier is present in the greater concentration?

Hole

Electron

Question 23
 Correct.

For an n-type semiconductor

Concentrationelectrons < concentrationholes

Concentrationelectrons =Concentrationholes

Concentrationelectrons > Concentrationholes

Question 24

Correct.

For a p-type semiconductor, which type of charge carrier is present in the greater concentration?

Electrons

Holes

Question 25

Correct.

For a p-type semiconductor

Concentrationelectrons < concentrationholes

 Concentrationelectrons =Concentrationholes

Concentrationelectrons > Concentrationholes

Question 26

Correct.

In order for a semiconductor to exhibit extrinsic electrical characteristics, relatively high impurity
concentrations are required.

True

False

Question 27

Correct.

A semiconductor has an energy band gap that is relatively

wide.

narrow.

Question 28

Correct.

How does increasing temperature affect the concentration of both electrons and holes in an intrinsic
semiconductor?
 May increase and/or decrease the concentration, depending on the temperature range.

Increases the concentration.

Decreases the concentration.

Question 1

Correct!

Using Animated Figure 9.8, determine which of the phases/phase combinations listed below will be
present for an alloy of composition 46 wt% Sn - 54 wt% Pb that is at equilibrium at 44C?

alpha + beta

liquid

alpha + beta + liquid

alpha

beta

alpha + liquid
 beta + liquid

Question 2

Correct!

Using the Animated Figure 9.8, determine which of the phases/phase combinations listed below will be
present for an alloy of composition 77 wt% Sn - 23 wt% Pb that is at equilibrium at 190C?

alpha + liquid

liquid

alpha + beta + liquid

alpha

beta + liquid

alpha + beta

beta

Question 3

Correct!

Using the Animated Figure 9.8, for an alloy of composition 25 wt% Sn - 75 wt% Pb, select the
phase(s) present and their composition(s) at 200C.
 = 18.3 wt% Sn - 81.7 wt% Pb; = 97.8 wt% Sn - 2.2 wt% Pb

= 17 wt% Sn - 83 wt% Pb; = 55.7 wt% Sn - 44.3 wt% P

= 17 wt% Sn - 83 wt% Pb; L = 55.7 wt% Sn - 44.3 wt% Pb

L = 25 wt% Sn - 75 wt% Pb; = 25 wt% Sn - 75 wt% Pb

Question 4

Correct!

A eutectoid reaction involves which of the following phases?

Two liquids and one solid

One liquid and two solid

Three solid

One liquid and one solid

Question 5

Your answer is correct.

For an alloy of composition 50 wt% Zn-50 wt% Cu, what phase(s) is (are) present at 1000C and
what is (are) the mass fraction(s) of the phase(s)? You may find the Animated Figure 9.19 (the Cu-Zn
phase diagram) helpful.
 and phases

' and phases

Liquid phase

phase

phase

Question 5

Your answer is correct.

For an alloy of composition 50 wt% Zn-50 wt% Cu, what phase(s) is (are) present at 1000C and
what is (are) the mass fraction(s) of the phase(s)? You may find the Animated Figure 9.19 (the Cu-Zn
phase diagram) helpful.

and phases

' and phases

Liquid phase

phase

phase
Question 8

Your answer is correct.

The mass fraction of eutectoid cementite in a hypereutectoid iron-carbon alloy (just below its eutectoid
temperature) is 0.100. On the basis of this information, determine the composition of the alloy. If it is
not possible to determine the composition from the information provided, enter 0.

1.32502 wt% C
Question 9

Your answer is incorrect.

The mass fraction of eutectoid ferrite in a hypereutectoid iron-carbon alloy (just below its eutectoid
temperature) is 0.858. On the basis of this information, determine the composition of the alloy. If it is
not possible to determine the composition from the information provided, enter 0.

0.7338 wt% C
Question 10

Correct.

A eutectoid reaction involves which of the following phases?

One liquid and one solid

One liquid and two solid

Two liquids and one solid

Three solid

Question 11

Correct.

A liquidus line separates which of the following combinations of phase fields?

 and +

Liquid and Liquid +

Liquid + and +

and Liquid +

Question 12

Incorrect.

A peritectic reaction involves which of the following combinations of phase fields?

One liquid and one solid

One liquid and two solid

Two liquids and one solid

Three solid

Question 13

Correct.

At a eutectic point on a binary temperature-composition phase diagram, how many phases are present
when the system is at equilibrium?
 0

Question 14

Correct.

A solvus line separates which of the following pairs of phase fields?

Liquid and Liquid +

and +

Liquid + and +

and Liquid +

Component of Material

This factor is not a component of a material

 Processing

Crystallinity

Properties

Performance

Property of Material

This is not a property of a Material

Mechanical

Electrical

Heat Transfer

Optical

Property of Material

Substances in which measured properties are independent of the direction of measurement

 Anisotropic

Bitropic

Isotropic

Multitropic

none of the above

Materials Science and Engineering

1.Tries to create a new material with the desired properties based on an existing material with similar
properties

Materials Scientist and Engineers

Industrial Engineer

Civil Engineer

Chef

Classification of Materials

One basic classification of a material

 Composite

Plastics

Alloys

Metals

Classification of Materials

Which of the following has the highest resistance to fracture?

Polymers

Ceramics

Metals

Composites

Property of Material

Relate to the chemical reactivity of materials.

 Mechanical

Electrical

Thermal

Deteriorative

Characteristics of Materials

Defined as the characteristic of a material that differentiate it from other materials. It is independent
on its size and shape

Property of a Material

Structure of a Material

Process of a Material

Performance of a Material

none of the above

Forces in Atoms

At the state of equilibrium, the repulsive force is equal to

 The frictional force

The attractive force

The buoyant force

The resultant force

Atomic Model

Which atomic model is currently used to describe the wave particle duality of electrons?

Bohr atomic model

Rutherford's model

Quantum theory

String theory

Types of Bonds

Type of chemical bond formed through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions
 Metallic bond

Ionic bond

Covalent bond

Capillary bond

Bonds in Atoms

Two atoms that are bonded with this bond will each contribute at least one electron to the bond, and
the shared electrons may be considered to belong to both atoms

Covalent bond

Metallic bond

Mechanical bond

Ionic bond

none of the above

Atoms in FCC Structure

How many atoms can be contained in an FCC structure?

 1

Structure of FCC

If the radius of a face centered cubic crystal is half the length of its unit cell edge, then the
relationship of the FCC?s radius and edge length is

a=piR^2

a=R

a=2.5R

Nonexistent because the structure cannot be formed

none of the above

Structure of BCC
If the radius of the body centered cubic crystal is SQRT(3) Angstrom (A) then the unit edge is

2A

4A

3A

16A

Atoms in Hexagonal Systems

How many atoms can be contained in an Hexagonal Closed Pack Structure?

Basic Building Block of Crystal Structure

Basic structural unit or building block of the crystal structure and defines the crystal structure by
virtue of its geometry and the atom positions within
 Building unit

Cubicle

Crystal cell

Unit cell

Edge length and Radius of the Atom

If the radius of a face centered cubic crystal is 1 Angstrom (A), then the unit edge is

a=R^2

a=2

a=1

a=2Sqrt(2)

Mechanical Property

In metals, the stress level at which plastic deformation begins

 Linear Point

Plastic Deformation Point

Failure Point

Proportional Limit

none of the above

Mechanical Property

The slope of the linear part of the stress-strain curve in the elastic region.

Young's Modulus

Tensile Modulus

Strain Modulus

none of the above

Mechanical Property

This law states that in the linear part of the stress-strain curve, the slope of the linear part is equal to
the Young's Modulus
 Ohm's Law

Young's Law

Hooke's Law

none of the above

Mechanical Property

This is the point in the stress-strain curve wherein breaking occurs

Fracture

Ultimate Tensile Strength

Proportional Limit

BreakUp Point

none of the above

Mechanical Property

This modulus may be thought of as stiffness, or a material's resistance to elastic deformation

 Ohm's Modulus

Young's Modulus

Modulus of Inelasticity

none of the above

Mechanical Property

Force or load per unit area of cross-section over which the force or load is acting

Stress

Strain

Tensile Force

Shear Force

none of the above

Mechanical Property
Defined as the ratio of lateral and axial strains

Young's Ratio

Capacitive Ratio

Poisson's Ratio

none of the above

Electrochemical Consideration

Reaction in which the electrons from the anodic region is transferred and become part of another
chemical species

Oxidation

Reduction

Electromigration

Superconduction

none of the above

Oxidation
This process will form nonmetallic films or scales in metals

Oxidation

Reduction

Electromigration

Superconduction

none of the above

Electrochemical Consideration

This process will result in the loss of electrons in metals

Oxidation

Reduction

Electromigration

Superconduction
 none of the above

Electrical Properties

This material property is indirectly proportional to conductivity

Resistance

Resistivity

Conductance

Capacitance

none of the above

Electrical Properties

Law that states that the voltage applied to the material is directly proportional to the current passing
through the material

Capacitive Law

Mho's Law
 Ohm's Law

Resistive Law

none of the above

Ohm's Law

If the voltage applied to a material is 220 V and the current passing through it is 1 ampere, what is
the resistance of the material?

22.2 ohms

220 ohms

2.2 ohms

0.5 ohms

none of the above

Capacitance

The unit of Capacitance is

 Ohms

Farad

Volts

Amperes

none of the above

Capacitance

For a parallel plate capacitor, increasing the dielectric constant will increase the

Voltage

Resistance

Inductance

Capacitance

none of the above

Thermal Property
Stress induced in a body as a result of slow changes in temperature

Thermal Shock

Thermal Stress

Thermal annealing

Thermal Tempering

none of the above

Thermal Property

If the change in temperature of a certain 1 meter aluminum wire is 100 deg Celsius, what is the
change in its length? (Alpha = 23.6 x 10^-6/deg C)

23.6 x 10^4 m

23.6 x 10^-4 m

2.36 x 10^-4 m
 0.236 x 10^-4 m

none of the above

Thermal Property

It represents the amount of energy required to produce a unit temperature rise.

Heat Capacity

Calories

Heat

Joule

none of the above

Magnetic Property

This kind of magnetic field is weak and attracts towards the external magnetic field applied to the
material

Diamagnetic
 Paramagnetic

Ferrimagnetic

Ferromagnetic

none of the above

Magnetic Property

This kind of magnetic field is strong and exists even without the presence of external magnetic field

Paramagnetic

Ferromagnetic

Diamagnetic

none of the above

Magnetic Property

This kind of magnetic field is weak and opposes the external magnetic field applied to the material
 Diamagnetic

Paramagnetic

Ferrimagnetic

Ferromagnetic

none of the above

Energy of Light

If the frequency of the light source is 10 hertz, the energy of the light is

6.63 x 10^33 J

3.33 x 10^6 J

3.33 x 10^3 J

6.63 x 10^-33 J

Optical Properties

Describes how light propagates through a medium

 Refractive Index

Reflective Index

Capacitance

Index of luminosity

none of the above

Optical Properties

Phenomenon wherein the absorbed energy of the material is reemitted as visible light. The interval
between absorption and reemission is greater than 1 second

Luminiscence

Transluscence

Phosphorescence

Transparence
 none of the above

Optical Properties

Materials that are capable of transmitting light with relatively little absorption and reflection

Phosphorescent

Transparent

Opaque

Flourescent

none of the above

Speed of Light

If the wavelength of light is 1 x 10^8 m, its frequency is

1/3 m

3m
 3 hertz

1/3 hertz

none of the above