Analytical Chemistry Concepts

1.) In electrochemistry concept, oxidation happens at the ____ while reduction happens at ______.
A. Cathode, anode B. Anode, cathode C. cathode, cathode D. anode, anode
2.) In galvanic cell, the sign of anode is ____ and that of cathode is ____.
A. Negative, negative B. positive, positiveC. positive, negative D. negative, positive
3.) What is the metallic reductor used before titration of the analyte in the sample that is present in two different
oxidation states which contain zinc soaked in a dilute solution of mercuric chloride?
A. Walden B. Devardas C. Arnds D. Jones
4.) Indicator commonly used for titration with KMnO4.
A. Phenolphthalein B. Methyl Red C. Starch D. None
5.) Calcium in cements can be precipitated as CaC2O4 using excess oxalic acid. When the precipitates is ignited at 500
degrees Celsius, the weighed form of the substance is _____.
A. Ca B. CaO C. CaCO3 D. CaC2O4
6.) This is the process in which the contaminants are trapped within a pocket of the crystals formed during rapid
crystal growth.
A. Occlusion B. Nucleation C. Inclusion D. Peptization
7.) In a colloidal silver chloride in a solution of silver nitrate, which ion is present in large amount in the secondary
adsorption layer?
A. Cl- B. NO3- C. H+ D. Ag+
8.) Which of the following is NOT TRUE for gravimetric analysis as compared to the volumetric analysis?
A. Temperature corrections are necessary because weight molarity does change with temperature, in contrast to
the volume molarity.
B. Weight measurements can be made with considerably greater precision and accuracy than can volume
measurements.
C. Weight titration are more easily automated than are volumetric titrations.
D. Calibration of glassware and tedious cleaning to ensure proper drainage are completely eliminated.
9.) Which of the following is NOT equivalent to ppm?
A. L/L B. mg/L C. mg/Kg D. g/mL
10.) Which of the following primary standards for bases require a blank determination?
A. KHC8H4O4 D. KH(IO3)2 C. C6H5COOH D. CaCO3
11.) The following primary standards can be used for the standardization of bases except
A. KHP B. Benzoic acid C. Arnds D. CaCO3
12.) Wet ashing refers to:
A. Using a nonwetting agent such as KI with a flux to prevent the material from sticking to the crucible.
B. The digesting of an organic material with a strong acid such as sulphuric acid in a Kjeldahl digestion.
C. Heating an organic material with an acid flux
D. All of the choices
13.) Which of the following procedures would introduce an error in polarography?
A. Purging the analyte solution with nitrogen for 10 min. before the measurement.
B. Bubbling nitrogen through the analyte solution during the measurement
C. Keeping nitrogen flowing over the analyte surface during the measurement
D. All of the choices
14.) Which of the following operators would NOT lead to an incorrect pH reading using a glass electrode?
A. Measuring the pH of a basic solution with a high concentration of Na+
B. Using a brand new electrode directly out of the box
C. Calibrating and measuring pH at 50 degrees Celsius.
D. All of the choices
15.) A double-junction reference electrode would be preferred over a S.C.E
A. Always
B. For the measurement of pH with a glass electrode
C. For the measurement of Pb2+ with a Pb indicator electrode
D. All of the choices
16.) The advantage of anodic stripping polarography is:
A. Results may be obtained very rapidly compared to other voltammetry techniques.
B. That it is the most sensitive of all of the voltammetry techniques
C. That the current at the working electrode is proportional to analyte concentration.
 D. All of the choices
17.) Compared to the incident (exciting) radiation, fluorescent emission will have a
A. Higher energy B. higher frequency C. longer wavelength D. all of the choices
18.) Luminescence is useful in analaytical chemistry because
A. Molecular oxygen does not interfere with the emitting species enabling luminescence measurements in the
field to be taken easily.
B. Signals obtained from the analtye are sufficiently large and do not require amplification.
C. Its intensity is proportional to the concentration to the emitting species if concentrations are low enough.
D. All of the choices
19.) Selecting the appropriate wavelength and bandwidth for a spectrophotometric analysis is very important. Which of
the following is a correct statement regarding the bandwidth?
A. The bandwidth should be as large as possible.
B. The bandwidth should be as small as possible
C. The bandwidth should be as large as possible but small compared with the band being measured.
20.) If you wish to change your column to separate double the mass of your sample and still maintain the same
resolution without changing the column length, you would need:
A. A column with twice the radius of the original column.
B. A flow rate of twice the rate in the original column.
C. Double the volume of solvent added to the solute before application on the column
D. All of the choices.
21.) Pressure broadening is due to:
A. Movement of atoms toward and away from the source.
B. Collisions between atoms in the flame
C. Increasing line width of the incident light.
22.) Solutes containing halogens can best be studied in gas chromatography with
A. Flame ionization detector
B. Electron capture detector
C. Flame photometric detector
23.) A split injection on a gas chromatograph is normally preferred when:
A. The analyte is less than 0.01% of the sample
B. When the analyte is greater than 0.10% of the sample
C. The analyte contains two substances with widely different retention times. Splitting the injection allows the
sample to be analyse much more quickly.
24.) Decreasing the thickness of the stationary phase leads to:
A. Decreased plate height, decreased retention time, and decreased capacity for the analyte.
B. Decreased plate height, decreased retention time, and increase capacity for the analyte.
C. Decreased plate height, increased retention time, and decreased capacity for the analyte
25.) A new chromatographic method should have the following attributes:
A. Adequate resolution of the desired analytes, a short run time, and not drastically affected by variations in
conditions
B. Adequate resolution of the desired analytes, a short run tume, not drastically be affected by variations in
conditions, and use a reverse phase column for versatility. The volume of the column between the point at
which solvents are mixed and the beginning of the column.
C. Determine a goal, select a method of sample preparation, and choose a detector.
26.) In the selection of a detector for a chromatographic method utilizing a gradient, some possible choices would be:
A. Ultraviolet detector, refractive index detector, or an electrochemical detector
B. Ultraviolet detector, fluorescence detector, or mass spectrometry
C. Refractive index detector, electrochemical detector an conductivity detector.
27.) Capillary electrophoresis differs from other chromatographic methods because
A. It uses unique detectors
B. There is no stationary phase
C. It has fewer theoretical plates
28.) The matrix effect in sample analysis is:
A. A change in the analytical signal caused by anything in the sample other than the analyte
B. Is unimportant is analysis using destructive methods such as atomic absorption and ICP
C. Is best minimized by preparing samples with material similar to the material analyzed.
29.) Two neutral molecules, A and B, are separated by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. A is more
soluble in the micelle than B. The order in which they arrive at the detector is:
A. Micelle first, then A followed by B
B. A first, then B followed by the micelle
C. B first, then A followed by the micelle
30.) The overall variance is defined as :
A. The sum of the standard deviation from the analytical procedure and the standard deviation of the sampling
operation
B. The sum of the square of the standard deviation of the analytical procedure and the square of the standard
deviation of the sampling operation
C. The square root of the sum of the square of the standard deviation of the analytical procedure plus the
square of the standard deviation of the sampling operation.
31.) Reverse phase HPLC of a multi-component solute usually uses:
A. An isocratic polar solvent
B. A gradient from more polar to less polar solvent
C. A gradient from less polar to more polar solvent
32.) Compared with packed columns open tubular column offer
A. Higher resolution, shorter analysis time, greater sensitivity, and large sample capacity
B. Higher resolution, shorter analysis time, greater sensitivity and lower sample capacity
C. Higher resolution, longer analysis time, greater sensitivity and large sample capacity
33.) Aqua regia is a solvent that contains ____.
A. HCl and HNO3 B. HCl and HClO4 C. HNO3 and H2SO4 D. HCl and H2SO4
34.) Which of the following involves back titration?
A. Determination of acid free number
B. Kjeldahl analysis for nitrogen
C. Winkler method for dissolved oxygen
D. Determination of saponification number
35.) Reagents that underwent superficial purification and are seldom used in analytical work.
A. Primary standards B. reagent grade chemical C. technical reagents D. USP grade reagent
36.) In titration of a weak base with a strong acid, the pH at equivalence point is due to
A. Weak base B. acidic salt C. strong acid D. basic salt
37.) Ammonium tetrathionate
A. (NH4)2S4O6 B. (NH4)2S2O3 C. (NH4)2SO3 D. (NH4)2SO4
38.) If 50 grams of solute is added to 50 grams of water, the solution is more likely to be
A. Unsaturated B. saturated C. supersaturated D. diluted
39.) Commonly, the analyte in a sample is present in two different oxidation states. Pre-reduction is necessary before
titration. One of the metallic redactors consist of silver metal. This redactor is also known as ____.
A. Walden redactor B. Devarda Alloy C. Lindlars catalyst D. Jones redactor
40.) The separation of ions in a mass spectrometer is fully determined by the
A. Charge of the ions B. Mass of the ions C. Size of the ions D. m/z of the ions
41.) A working curve for the analysis of standard solutions of iron using atomic absorption spec. is shown. The curve is
most likely used to determine: (Absorbance vs Fe concentration ppm)
A. Iron concentration in standards
B. Iron concentration in unknown solutions
C. Absorbance in each standard
D. The wavelength response of the detector
42.) An advantage of HPLC over GC for the separation and measurement for compounds of high molecular weight is
A. The preparation of volatile derivatives is not necessary in HPLC
B. HPLC systems are always operated under constant conditions of eluent
C. The sensitivity of HPLC detectors increases as the molecular weight of the compounds increases
D. HPLC columns and detectors are simpler and less expensive
43.) Which of the following is the most direct and rapid instrumental method for identifying molecular weight?
A. Mass Spec B. AAS C. Electron spin resonance spec D. IR
44.) What type of quantum transition is present in uv absorption
A. Nuclear B. electronic C. rotational D. Vibrational
45.) Which of the following statements is false?
A. In a standard calomel electrode, chloride is used to maintain constant ionic strength
 B. The electrodes are kept moist or in solution to make the glass hydrated
C. Most metal electrodes are sensitive to anions that form low solubility precipitates with metal
D. One of the metallic electrodes is the electrode of the second kind; its plot has a positive slope
46.) A sample absorbs too strongly at a particular wavelength. You could decrease the absorbance at that wavelength by
each of the following except:
A. Quantitatively diluting the solution
B. Using a cuvet with a shorter path length
C. Decreasing the concentration of the sample
D. Decreasing the molar absorptivity
47.) What type of quantum change occurs at 500nm?
A. Change of spin B. Change of orientation C. change of configuration D. change of electron
distribution
48.) Which of the following is the correct sequence of instrument lay-out for uv absorption?
A. Source and sample; wavelength selector; detector; signal processor
B. Source; wavelength selector; sample; detector; signal processor
C. Source directed to sample; wavelength selector; detector; signal processor
D. Source; sample; wavelength selector; detector; signal processor
49.) Which of the following optical materials is NOT appropriate for uv-vis region?
A. LiF B. Fused Silica C. NaCl D. KRS-5
50.) Which of the following is a continuum spectroscopic source?
A. Hollow cathode lamp B. Laser C. Nerst glower D. Electrodeless discharge lamp
51.) What type of detector uses a series of electrodes called dynodes to amplify the signal?
A. Phototube B. photodiode array C. photomultiplier D. solid state photodiodes
52.) The temperature of a graphite furnace is:
A. Isothermal at approximately 2500 degree Celsius
B. The temperature is not an important parameter
C. Programmed to move at a constant rate from room temperature to approximately 2500 degree Celsius
D. Programme to move in steps from room temperature to approx.. 2500 degree Celsius
53.) Increasing the flow rate of the mobile phase would:
A. Increase longitudinal diffusion
B. Increase broadening due to mass transfer
C. Increase broadening due to multiple path
D. Decrease broadening due to mass transfer
54.) The fluid entering a chromatography column is called the:
A. Eluate B. Eluent C. Analyte D. Elution
55.) Which of the following technique is employed in supercritical fluid chromatography in order to improve the
resolution?
A. Temperature programming
B. Gradient elution
C. Multi-solvent system
D. Pressure programming
56.) Which type of liquid chromatography could NOT employ gradient elution?
A. Ion-exchange B. bonded phase C. size exclusion D. adsorption
57.) Which of the following is the correct order of elution for reverse phase chromatography
A. Hexanol>hexanal>n-hexane
B. n-hexane>hexanal>hexanol
C. hexanal>hexanol>n-hexane
D. n-hexane>hexanol>hexanal
58.) compared to the incident radiation, fluorescent emission will have a
A. higher energy B. higher frequency C. longer wavelength D. shorter wavelength

59.) for a given element, the atomization method that can detect the lowest concentration is:
A. Flame B. Plasma C. Furnace D. Emission
60.) Which would be the best carrier gas for gas chromatography
A. Helium B. argon C. nitrogen D. hydrogen
61.) In the analysis of iron in an ore, the sample is dissolved in acid and iron is precipitated as Fe(OH)3. After ignition,
the weighed substance is
 A. FeO B. Fe3O4 C. Fe2O3 D. Fe
62.) The pH of pure water ______ as the temperature increases
A. Increases B. decreases C. remains constant D. none of these
63.) Which of the following concentrated acids has the highest concentration in terms of weight percentage?
A. Sulfuric acid (18.1 M)
B. Acetic acid (17,4 M)
C. Phosphoric acid (14.7 M)
D. Nitric acid (15.8 M)
64.) A desiccator is used to store solids to minimize the uptake of moisture. Which of the following is used as drying
agents in desiccators?
A. Calcium chloride
B. Calcium sulphate
C. Magnesium perchlorate
D. All of these
65.) Which of the following is not a correct element-precipitating agent pair?
A. Cl-AgNO3 B. Mg- (NH4)2HPO4 C. Al-HCl D. Zn-H2S
66.) All of the following are indicators for precipitation titration except
A. Ferric alum B. K2CrO4 C. Eosin D. dichlorofluorscein
67.) Among the following compounds, which is a reducing agent?
A. KMnO4 B. K2Cr2O7 C. I2 D. Na2S2O3
68.) All of the following are concrete evidences of a chemical reaction except
A. Change in color B. formation of precipitation C. evolution of gas D. evolution of
heat
69.) Which off the following concentration term vary with temperature?
A. Mole fraction B. molarity C. molality D. none of these
70.) A solution is made by adding 20 grams of solute in 20 grams of solvent. If the temperature is kept constant, the
solution more likely to be _____.
A. Concentrated B. saturated C. supersaturated D. both a and b
71.) All of the following are true except
A. Most salts increase solubility when heated
B. Salt crystallizes out when the solvent is evaporated
C. An endothermic dissolution process will produce more crystals when cooled
D. An exothermic dissolution process will produce more crystals when cooled
72.) Which of the following is the anhydrous form of phosphoric acid?
A. H2PO3 B. HPO3 C. P2O5 D. H3PO3
73.) Which of the following chemical species is not amphoteric?
A. H2O B. CO3 2- C. HPO4 2- D. NH3
74.) All of the following statement are true except
A. Acids with high ionization constant have low pH
B. Weak bases have low ionization constants
C. Strong bases have high pH and ionization constants
D. Weak acids have low pH and ionization constants
75.) Which of the following reaction is oxidation?
A, MnO4 -1 to Mn2+ B. Cr2O7 2- to Cr 3+ C. C2O4 2- to CO2 D. I2 to I-1
76.) Which of the following statement is true?
A. Bronsted acids are electron pair acceptor
B. Strong acids have large ionization constants
C. Amphiprotic subastances can act as acid or base
77.) Which of the following could best lessen cost but still get accurate results during standardization process?
A. Lessen the mass of primary standard used during titration
B. Dissolve minimum amount of sample to be used during titration
C. Aliquot portion of the solution containing the sample
D. All of these
78.) Most metals are analyzed using EDTA in a ___ solution.
A. Weakly acidic B. strongly acidic C. weakly basic D. strongly basic
79.) It is preferable to have a ________ solid rather than a _____ solid precipitates as the final product in a
gravimetric analysis.
 A. Colloidal, crystalline
B. Crystalline, colloidal
C. Any of these
D. None of these
80.) It is defined as the mg of KOH necessary to neutralize the acid liberated by one gram of fat or oil.
A. Acid number
B. Saponification number
C. Iodine number
D. Koettstorfer number
81.) Which of the following is true on adsorption on precipitates?
A. A precipitate prefers to adsorb foreign ions over ions common to itself
B. The extent of adsorption increases with decreasing degree of ionization of the contaminant
C. For more than one contaminant present that can be adsorbed, the one having higher solubility is adsorbed on a
greater extent
D. The extent of adsorption of an ion increases with increasing concentration of the contaminant solute in the
liquid phase
82.) Which of the following aqueous solution of the same concentration will have the lowest pH at 25 degree celsius?
A. NH3 B. NaCl C. NH4Cl D. NaF
83.) The precipitant commonly used for the determination of calcium in gravimetric analysis?
A. NH3 B. H2C2O4 C. H2PtCl6 D. HF
84.) Which of the following does not involve acid base titration
A. Kjeldahl method for nitrogen
B. Winkler method for dissolved oxygen
C. Wijs method for iodine number
D. None of these
85.) Among the following compounds, which is a reducing agent?
A. KMnO4 B. K2Cr2O7 C. I2 D. Na2S2O3
86.) In Fajans titration for halides and thiocyanates, eosin is preferred to dichlorofluorescein due to the following
reasons except
A. Eosin is a stronger acid and can be used for titration at low pH
B. The formation of insoluble silver salts and transition metal hydroxides is hastened
C. Dichlorofluorescein is more associated in higher pH
D. Eosin is less strongly in bromides, iodides or thiocyanates
87.) The pH value at equivalence point when titrating a weak acid against a strong base is
A. At exactly 7 B. greater than 7 C. less than 7 D. neutral
88.) Which of the following salt is basic?
A. NH4Cl B. NaCl C. KCl D. NaF
89.) Technical grade concentration of concentrated sulphuric acid is
A. 18M B. 12M C. 15M D. 17M
90.) Which of the following is NOT a type of voltammetric electrode?
A. Disk electrode B. mercury hanging electrode C. square electrode
D. dropping mercury electrode
91.) Toothpaste containing sodium monofluorophosphate was tested using a flame test. What color would you expect
the flame to be?
A. Scarlet B. violet C. cyan D. Yellow
92.) What type of quantum transition is present in microwave absorption?
A. Nuclear B. Inner electron C. Rotational D. Vibrational
93.) What do call an electrochemical method performed by measuring the quantity of electrical charge required to
convert a sample of an analyte quantitatively to a different oxidation state?
A. Cuolometry B. Potentiometry C. Voltammetry D. Polarography
94.) What is the quantum yield of an ideal fluorescent?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
95.) In AAS, what type of atomization employs the highest temperature?
A. Flame B. Electrochemical C. ICP D. electric arc
96.) For normal phase separation, what is the order of elution of ethylhexanoate, iodomethane and propanone?
A. Iodomethane>ethylhexanoate>propanone
B. Ethylhexanoate>iodomethane>propanone
 C. Iodomethane>propanone>ethylhexanoate
D. Propanone>ethylhexanoate>iodomethane
97.) Which of the following ranges of electromagnetic radiation is responsible for vibrational excitations?
A. Microwaves B. UV/VIS C. Infrared D. X-rays
98.) The following describes colloidal suspensions formed during precipitation except
A. These particles are invisible to the naked eye
B. They settle readily from a given solution
C. They are not easily filtered
D. None of these
99.) Which of the following is used to precipitate magnesium in magnesium ores?
A. (NH4)2C2O4 B. NH3 C. H2S D. AgNO3

1.) All of the following are favourable conditions for precipitation of metal cation except
A. Precipitation in dilute solutions
B. Add dilute precipitating gent slowly with vigorous stirring
C. Precipitate from hot solutions
D. Precipitate at low pH
2.) Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. Strong bases with high ionization constants have high pH
B. Distilled water, which is sometimes supersaturated with carbon dioxides, should be boiled free prior to
solution preparation of NaOH solutions to eliminate the gas
C. Indicators exhibit a color change due to temperature, ionic strength of the medium and by the presence of
organic solvents and colloidal particles
D. None of these
3.) Which of the following acid-base pairs will result in the formation of a buffer solution when titration is done
before the equivalence point?
A. NaOH HCl B. KOH HNO3 C. NH3 HBr D. All of these
4.) In mohr titration, which of the following statement is correct?
A. the indicator is usually kept at a concentration of 0.2-0.5 M so as not to obsecure the red precipitate color
B. At low pH, pat of the indicator is present as HCrO4 -1 and less Ag+ are required to reach the endpoint
C. At high pH, silver is precipitated as silver hydroxide thus produces error in the amount of titrant added
D. All of these
5.) In Volhard Method, why is it necessary to carry out titration in acidic solution?
A. to prevent precipitation of iron as hydrated oxide
B. to prevent precipitation of silver as hydrated oxide
C. to prevent reduction of halide
 D. to prevent formation of AgSCN precipitate
6.) The complex, which signals the endpoint of chloride titration using Volhard Method, is ____
A. [Fe(SCN)2]+ B. [Fe(SCN)3] C. [Fe(SCN)4]-1 D. [Fe(SCN)]+2
7.) Which of the following metal does walden redactor not reduce?
A. Cr B. Fe C. Cu D. V
8.) Which of the following is the most direct and rapid instrumental method for identifying organic functional groups?
A. Visible absorption spec
B. AAS
C. Electron spin resonance spe
D. IR
9.) A Gaussian distribution of data is symmetric if
A. 4.5% of measurement lie outside the range defined by 2 standard deviations above the mean, and two
standard deviations below the mean
B. 4.5% f measurements lie outside the range defined by 2 standard deviations above the mean, and two
standard deviations below the mean with 2.25% of the values above 2 standard deviations from the mean and
2.25% of the value below 2 standard deviation from the mean.
C. 68.3% of the measurements lie within plus or minus one standard deviation from the mean
D. 68.3% of measurements lie outside the range defined by 2 standard deviations above the mean, and two
standard deviations below the mean
10.) What type of quantum transition is present in uv absorption?
A. Nuclear B. Inner electron C. Rotational D. Vibrational
11.) Which of the following statement is false?
A. In a standard calomel electrode, chloride is use to maintain constant ionic strength
B. One of the metallic electrode is the electrode of the second kind; its plot has a positive slope
C. Most metal electrodes are sensitive to anions that form low solubility precipitates with metal
D. The electrodes are kept moist or in solution to make the glass hydrated
12.) Which of the following is the correct sequence of instrument lay-out for IR absorption?
A. Source and sample; wavelength selector; detector;signal processor
B. Source; wavelength selector ; sample; detector; signal processor
C. Source directed to sample; wavelength selector; detector; signal processor
D. Source; sample; wavelength selector; detector; signal processor
13.) Which of the following is the correct order of elution for normal phase chromatography?
A. Hexanol>hexanal>n-hexane
B. n-hexane>hexanal>hexanol
C. hexanal>hexanol>n-hexane
D. n-hexane>hexanol>hexanal

1.) If one has a Gaussian distribution of data point:

A. Approximately 2/3 of the data points lie within plus or minus two standard deviations of the mean
B. Approx. two thirds of the data points lie above the mean and one third of the data points lie below the mean,
accounting for all of the data points.
C. 68.3% of the measurements lie within plus or minus one standard deviation from the mean
D. Approx. 2/3 of the data point lie within plus or minus one standard deviation of the mean
2.) Which of the following is true about the Debye-Huckel equation?
A. As the ionic strength increase, the activity coefficient increases
B. As the charge of the ion increases, the departure of its activity coefficient from unity decreases
C. The smaller the hydrated radius of the ion, the more important activity effects become
D. None of these is trube about debye-huckel equation.
3.) Which of the following is the correct pair of analyte-precipitant pair?
A. Fe2+ and (NH4)2C2O4 B. Ca2+ and NH4OH C. Ba2+ and H2SO4 D. Mg2+ and
(NH4)2HPO4
4.) Titrations may be grouped into a general categories. A direct titration and a back titration. Which of the following
statements is not true regarding direct and back titrations?
A. In a direct titration, the titrant is added to the analyte until the reaction is complete
 B. When back titrations are performed, any amount of a standard reagent is added to the analyte to insure an
excess of the standard reagent, the excess reagent is then titrated
C. Back titrations are used when the end point of the back titration is clearer than the end point of the direct
titration
D. None of these
5.) All are characteristics of a good primary standard except
A. Atmospheric stability
B. High purity
C. Low molecular weight
D. Reasonable solubility in titration medium
6.) In the standardization of an acid solution with primary standard sodium carbonate, why is it necessary to boil the
solution before completing the titration?
A. To eliminate the reaction product, carbon dioxide and carbonic acid
B. To destroy the buffering action of the resulting solution due to the presence of carbonic acid and unreacted
hydrogen carbonate
C. To achieve a sharper endpoint with methyl red indicator due to the large decrease in pH
D. All of the above
7.) Compound whose concentration has been determined by analysis and serves as a reference for titrimetric methods
of analysis
A. Primary standard B. standard solution C. secondary standard D. technical reagent
8.) An adsorption indicator works on the following principle:
A. The change in pH of the solution causes the indicator to shift from the acid form to the conjugate base or the
base form to the conjugate acid producing a change in color.
B. The charge on the surface of a colloidal particle changes, attracting the indicator to the surface of the
particle producing a change in color.
C. The removal of the analyte allows the reaction of an ion previously added to the analyte to form a soluble
colored complex
D. All of the above
9.) Which of the following is not a buffer pair?
A. NaF HF B. HNO3- KNO3 C. H2CO3 NaHCO3 D. KH2PO4 K2HPO4
10.) Which of the following is most soluble?
A. Barium chromate Ksp= 1.2x10 ^-10
B. Calcium chromate Ksp= 7.1x10^-4
C. Plumbic chromate Ksp= 2.0x10^-14
D. Strontium chromate Ksp=3.6x10^-5
11.) Upon titration, a mixture of weak acid and another weak acid whose Ka values are not too different will provide how
many equivalence point break?
A. 3 B. 2 C. 1 D. none
12.) In Mohr titration, which of the following statement is false?
A. The indicator is usually kept at a concentration of 0.003-0..05 M so as not to obscure the red precipitate
color
B. At low pH, part of the indicator is present as HCrO4 -1 and more Ag+ are required to reach the endpoint.
C. At very low pH, silver is precipitated as silver hydroxide thus produces error in the amount of titrant added.
D. All of these
13.) What do you call the organic complex agents used to bind with the metal in order to form stable complexes, which
then prevent it from interfering with the metal under consideration?
A. Masking agent B. Chelating agent C. EDTA D. Sequestering agent
14.) It is a cyclic complex consisting of a metal ion and a reagent that contains two or more electron donor group
located in such a position that they can bond with the metal ion to form a heterocyclic ring structure.
A. Ligand B. chelate C. dative bond D. epimer
15.) Which of the following is an oxidizing agent?
A. I2 B. Na2C2O4 C. As2O3 D. FeSO4
16.) KMnO4 is used as the titrant in a potentiometric titration of tin(II) to tin(IV) using a S.C.E reference electrode.
Before the equivalence point, you would calculate the cell voltage using the potentials of:
A. The MnO4-/Mn2+ couple and the S.C.E
B. The Sn4+ / Sn2+ couple and the S.C.E
C. The MnO4-/Mn2+ couple and the Sn4+/Sn2+ couple
 D. None of these
17.) Which of the following titrants would give the sharpest change in voltage for a given analyte?
A MnO4- B. I3- C. S2O3 2- D. Cr2O7 2-
18.) What do you call the type of voltammetry in which the analyte solution is kept in continuous motion?
A. Polarography B. Hydrodynamic voltammetry C. Differential pulse voltammetry
D. Cyclic voltammetry
19.) What IR sampling technique is used when a small amount of the finely divided solid analyte (one or two micron
particles) is mixed together with an amount of mineral oil to form a mixture with a toothpaste-like consistency?
A. KBR pellet B. Thin film formed by solvent evaporation C. Nujol mull D. soln making
20.) In IR sample is usually measured via the light transmitted through the sample, some methods measure the light
reflected from the sample. Which of the following is NOT a reflectance method?
A. External reflectance
B. Internal reflectance
C. Specular reflectance
D. Diffuse reflectance
21.) A sample mixture is believed to contain As5+, Bi3+ and Sn4+ metals. The analyst add NH3/(NH4)2S buffer at pH 9
and filter the resulting solution. In the filtrate he adds 3M HCl and allow the solution to form precipitate. After
the second precipitation, what is left in the solution?
A. As5+ B. Bi3+ C. Sn4+ D. none of these
22.) The separation of ions in a mass spec is fully determined by the
A. Change of the ions B. Mass of the ions C. Size of the ions D. Mass-to-charge ratio
23.) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of ICP over Flame?
A. Atomization occurs in a chemically inert environment
B. Has thin optical path length which minimizes self-absorption
C. Lower temperature cross-section
D. High atomization efficiency
24.) Which of the following is NOT a continuum spec source?
A. Hollow cathode lamp B. Xenon lamp C. Nerst glower D. Globar
25.) What type of detector works via photoelectric effect?
A. Phototube B. Photodiode array C. photomultiplier D. Solid state photodiodes
26.) According to quantum mechanics, an electron that is incident on a barrier of height Va (where the energy of the
electron is less than Vo) shows which of the following?
A. There is 100% transmission through the barrier
B. There is both transmission and reflection
C. The particle is trapped by the barrier
D. The particle does not interact with the barrier
27.) What material is used for the sample containers in IR spec?
A. Quartz B. Silica gel C. NaCl D. plastic
28.) UV-Vis spec is best used to determine
A. Molecular weight of a substance
B. The color of a substance
C. The conductivity of a substance
D. The concentration of a substance
29.) What type of quantum change occurs at 500nm?
A. Change of spin
B. Change of orientation
C. Change of configuration
D. Change of electron distribution
30.) Which of the following ranges of electromagnetic radiation is responsible for electronic excitation?
A. Microwave B. Uv/Vis C. Infrared D. X-rays
31.) AAs can determine the levels of mercury in fish by
A. Carrying the mercury through a column on a carrier gas
B. Determining which wavelength have been absorbed by the sample
C. Determining how much a particular wavelength has been absorbed
D. Separating the components by absorbing them into a gel
32.) Which of the following would improve the resolution of a grating monochromator?
A. Increasing the area of the grating illuminated
 B. Using a grating with more closely packed space grooves
C. Decreasing the width of the exit slit
D. All of the above
33.) Which of the following will reduce eddy diffusion in the column?
A. Use of irregular packing material
B. Use of large diameter as packing material
C. Avoiding loose packing or dead space in the column
D. Eddy diffusion could not be reduced
34.) Which of the following is the correct order of elution for reverse phase chromatography?
A. Hexanol>hexanal>n-hexane
B. n-hexane>hexanal>hexanol
C. hexanal>hexanol>n-hexane
D. n-hexane>hexanol>hexanal
35.) a sample of KCl, KBr, and KI was spotted on activated silica plate, and its components separated by TLC using
acetone: butanol: conc. NH4OH (13:4:2) as solvent system. Which halide gives the lowest RF value?
A. KCl B. KBr C. KI D. could not be separated
36.) Increasing the flow rate of the mobile phase would
A. Increase longitudinal diffusion
B. Increase broadening due to mass transfer
C. Increase broadening due to multiple paths
D. Decrease broadening due to mass transfer
37.) In comparing open tubular columns to packed columns with a gaseous mobile phase:
A. A packed column is generally much longer than an open tubular column
B. A packed column does not give as good resolution as the open tubular column
C. A packed column has lower sample capacity
D. A packed column has greater sensitivity
38.) You can improve the separation of components in gas chromatography by:
A. Raising the temperature of the injection port
B. Decreasing the temperature of the column
C. Raising the temperature of the column non-isothermally
D. Raising the temperature of the column isothermally
39.) In reverse-phase, high performance liquid chromatography, the retention time of an analyte is influenced by all of
the following except the
A. Column length
B. Wavelength of the detector
C. Composition of the MP
D. Composition of the SP
40.) HPLC can detect barbiturates in blood by
A. Pumping the sample through a column of extremely fine particles using a solvent under high pressure
B. Slowly passing the mobile phase through a column using gravity
C. Using a carrier gas and an extremely long column
D. Passing the sample through a flame then detecting the absorbed light
41.) In chromatography, the RF value is a measure of
A. The amount of a particular component that is present
B. The distance component moves relative to the solvent
C. How will the different component separate
D. How many different components are present
42.) What type of chromatography is best suited for the separation of native cell antibody and remaining cellular
components.
A. Size exclusion B. affinity C. adsorption D. partition
43.) Which of the following conditions will decrease the fluorescence
A. Use rigid molecules
B. Decrease the temperature
C. Increase solvent viscosity
D. Used of molecule in vapour state
44.) What type of liquid chromatography would be suitable for the separation of Ba2+ and Sr2+?
A. Ion-exchange B. size-exclusion C. adsorption D. partition
45.) Which of the following descries a photometer?
A. Identifies elements in a sample that have been excited in a flame
B. Uses absorption or interferences filters for a wavelength selection and photoelectric devices for detection
C. Used exclusively for fluorescence measurements
D. Human eye is the detector and requires comparison standards
46.) What are the most important characteristics of a detector for environmental analysis?
A. Good stability, wide linear dynamic range
B. High sensitivity, good stability, low background noise
C. Reliability and ease of operation
D. Universal response, high sensitivity and reliability
47.) What type of liquid chromatography would be suitable for the separation of CH3(CH2)5COOH and
CH3(CH2)4COOH
A. Ion-exchange B. size-exclusion C. adsorption D. Partition
48.) What type of liquid chromatography would be suitable for the separation of meta dibrombenzene and p-
dibromobenzene
A. Ion-exchange B. size-exclusion C. adsoption D. partition
49.) What is the time elapsed by the analyte peak to reach the detector after sample elution?
A. Dead time B. Retention time C. Void volume D. mobile time
50.) Which of the following is FALSE about column efficiency?
A. Reducing the broadening means an effective column
B. The more number of theoretical plates present the more efficient is the column
C. The efficiency of the column increases as the plate height increases
D. The longer the packing column the more efficient it becomes.
51.)

52.)