Rustom P.

Cabingatan BITM-III

What is transformer?
a device that transfers an alternating current from one circuit to one or more other
circuits, usually with an increase (step-up transformer) or decrease (step-down
transformer) of voltage. The input current is fed to a primary winding, the output
being taken from a secondary winding or windings inductively linked to the primary
Common Types of Transformers

AutotransformersDiagram of an Auto-Transformer
Autotransformers are different from traditional transformers because
autotransformers share a common winding. On each end of the transformer core is
an end terminal for the winding, but there is also a second winding that connects at
a key intermediary point, forming a third terminal. The first and second terminals
conduct the primary voltage, while the third terminal works alongside either the first
or second terminal to provide a secondary form of voltage. The first and second
terminals have many matching turns in the winding. Voltage is the same for each
turn in the first and second terminal. An adaptable autotransformer is another
option for this process. By uncovering part of the second winding and using a sliding
brush as the second terminal, the number of turns can be varied, thus altering
voltage (see image on right).

Polyphase Transformers
This type of transformer is commonly associated with three phase electric power,
which is a common method of transmitting large amounts of high voltage power,
such as the national power grid. In this system, three separate wires carry
alternating currents of the same frequency, but they reach their peak at different
times, thus resulting in a continuous power flow. Occasionally these three-phase
systems have a neutral wire, depending on the application. Other times, all three
phases can be incorporated into one, multiphase transformer. This would require the
unification and connection of magnetic circuits so as to encompass the three-phase
transmission. Winding patterns can vary and so can the phases of a polyphase
transformer.

Leakage Transformer
Leakage transformers have a loose binding between the primary and secondary
winding, which leads to a large increase in the amount of inductance leakage. All
currents are kept low with leakage transformers, which helps prevent overload.
They are useful in applications such as arc welding and certain high-voltage lamps,
as well as in the extremely low-voltage applications found in some childrens toys.

Resonant Transformer
As a type of leakage transformer, resonant transformers depend on the loose
pairing of the primary and secondary winding, and on external capacitors to work in
combination with the second winding. They can effectively transmit high voltages,
and are useful in recovering data from certain radio wave frequency levels.
Audio Transformer
Originally found in early telephone systems, audio transformers help isolate
potential interference and send one signal through multiple electrical circuits.
Modern telephone systems still use audio transformers, but they are also found in
audio systems where they transmit analog signals between systems. Because these
transformers can serve multiple functions, such as preventing interference, splitting
a signal, or combining signals, they are found in numerous applications. Amplifiers,
loudspeakers, and microphones all depend on audio transformers in order to
properly perform.

Turn Ratio?

Answer !!! Turns Ratio = (Primary turns / Secondary turns) To calculate the turns
ratio you have to actually know the number of turns or wraps on the primary and
secondary coils. Nobody knows that usually the manufacture of the transformer
doesn't even know. So what you can use as and equivalent is to calculate the
voltage ratio. So what you typically need to look for is the Input voltage and divid it
by the output volatge. Usually that would be as follows; (Primary Voltage/Secondary
Voltage) = Voltage Ratio
The turns ratio of a transformer is the ratio of number of windings of each side of
the transformer. Sometimes you wish to find out the turns ratio of an unlabeled
transform.

The transformer turns ration is labeled as follows:

n1:n2
Transformers can have multiple windings for multiple Voltages. Generally it is
specified by:

n1:n2
n1:n3
Measuring Voltage to find ratioEdit
Transformer voltage measurment
Symbol of a transformer
A transformer converts one AC Voltage to another. So inputing an AC Voltage and
measuring the output Voltage will give you the turns ratio.

Vin/Vout = n1:n2
Something to be cautious about is creating too high of a voltage, for the insulation
of the wire in the winding. This will cause a short, and bad news. For instance, say
you input 120V and the turns ratio is 1:100, then the output would be 12kV

The best method is to get a low voltage AC source and connect it to the wires with
the most windings. If the output Voltage is too low to get an accurate measurement,
then you just add a higher Voltage.