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Chapter 13
Correlation and Linear Regression
1.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
4 4 -1.6 -1.8 2.56 3.24 2.88
5 6 -0.6 0.2 0.36 0.04 -0.12
3 5 -2.6 -0.8 6.76 0.64 2.08
6 7 0.4 1.2 0.16 1.44 0.48
10 7 4.4 1.2 19.36 1.44 5.28
2.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
5 13 0.13 2.38 0.02 5.64 0.30
3 15 -1.88 4.38 3.52 19.14 -8.20
6 7 1.13 -3.63 1.27 13.14 -4.08
3 12 -1.88 1.38 3.52 1.89 -2.58
4 13 -0.88 2.38 0.77 5.64 -2.08
4 11 -0.88 0.38 0.77 0.14 -0.33
6 9 1.13 -1.63 1.27 2.64 -1.83
8 5 3.13 -5.63 9.77 31.64 -17.58
3. a. Sales
b.
13-1
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
c.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
1
4 5 0 -2 0 4 0
2 8 -2 -9 4 81 18
2
5 1 1 4 1 16 4
2
6 4 2 7 4 49 14
1
3 7 -1 0 1 0 0
2 8
0 5 10 150 36
20 85 10
X 4 Y 17 sx 1.58
5 5 4
150 36
sy 6.12 r 0.93
4 (5 1)(1.58)(6.12)
d. There is a strong positive association between the variables. Sales increase with the
number of advertisements. (LO13-2)
4. a.
40
Production
30
20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Assemblers
5 40 2 16 4 256 32
3 30 0 6 0 36 0
15 120 10 570 70
15 120 10
X 3 Y 24 sx 1.581
5 5 4
570 70
sy 11.937 r 0.927
4 (5 1)(1.581)(11.937) (LO13-2)
c.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
15 17 -3.250 5.125 10.563 26.266 -16.656
17 13 -1.250 1.125 1.563 1.266 -1.406
25 5 6.750 -6.875 45.563 47.266 -46.406
27 7 8.750 -4.875 76.563 23.766 -42.656
17 7 -1.250 -4.875 1.563 23.766 6.094
12 21 -6.250 9.125 39.063 83.266 -57.031
11 19 -7.250 7.125 52.563 50.766 -51.656
22 6 3.750 -5.875 14.063 34.516 -22.031
6. a.
13-3
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
b.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
9.0 8.1 0.083 1.192 0.007 1.420 0.099
7.0 6.0 -1.917 -0.908 3.674 0.825 1.741
11.0 3.6 2.083 -3.308 4.340 10.945 -6.892
12.0 4.0 3.083 -2.908 9.507 8.458 -8.967
8.0 5.0 -0.917 -1.908 0.840 3.642 1.749
7.0 10.0 -1.917 3.092 3.674 9.558 -5.926
8.0 7.6 -0.917 0.692 0.840 0.478 -0.634
11.0 8.0 2.083 1.092 4.340 1.192 2.274
10.0 8.0 1.083 1.092 1.174 1.192 1.183
12.0 6.0 3.083 -0.908 9.507 0.825 -2.801
6.0 8.6 -2.917 1.692 8.507 2.862 -4.934
6.0 8.0 -2.917 1.092 8.507 1.192 -3.184
0.32 12 2
t 1.07
1 (0.32) 2
7. Reject Ho if t > 1.812 Do not reject Ho. (LO13-2)
0.46 15 2
t 1.868
1 (0.46) 2
8. Reject Ho if t < 1.771 Reject Ho. (LO13-2)
13-4
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
0.86 20 2
t 7.150
1 (0.86) 2
Reject Ho. There is a positive correlation between assets and pretax profit. (LO13-2)
12. a. The scatterplot reveals a moderate to strong positive relationship between the number
of beers and blood alcohol content.
Scatterplot of BAC vs Beers
0.12
0.10
0.08
BAC
0.06
0.04
0.02
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Beers
b.
13-5
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McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
8
0.0008
3 0.05 -1.278 -0.0289 1.63 3 0.0369
7 0.08 2.722 0.0011 7.41 0 0.003
0.0015
1 0.04 -3.278 -0.0389 10.74 1 0.1275
0.0000
4 0.07 -0.278 -0.0089 0.08 8 0.0025
0.0003
2 0.06 -2.278 -0.0189 5.19 6 0.043
0.0016
7 0.12 2.722 0.0411 7.41 9 0.1119
0.0008
2 0.05 -2.278 -0.0289 5.19 3 0.0658
0.0034
1 0.02 -3.278 -0.0589 10.74 7 0.193
0.0127
77 1.42 77.61 8 0.7754
77 1.42
X 4.278 Y 0.0789
18 18
77.61 0.01278
sx 2.14 s y 0.0274
17 17
0.7754
r 0.779
(18 1)( 2.14)( 0.0274)
c. Ho: 0 H1: > 0 Reject Ho if t > 2.583 df = 16
0.779 18 2
t 4.97
1 (0.779) 2
Reject Ho. There is a positive correlation between beers consumed and BAC. (LO13-
2)
13. a.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
4 4 -1.6 -1.8 2.56 3.24 2.88
5 6 -0.6 0.2 0.36 0.04 -0.12
3 5 -2.6 -0.8 6.76 0.64 2.08
6 7 0.4 1.2 0.16 1.44 0.48
10 7 4.4 1.2 19.36 1.44 5.28
13-6
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
28 29 29.2
X 5.6 Y 5.8 sx 2.702
5 5 4
6.8 10.6
sy 1.304 r 0.752
4 (5 1)(2.702)(1.304)
b
0.752 1.304 .363
2.702 a 5.8 (.363)(5.6) 3.767
Y = 3.767 + 0.363X
b. 6.3081, found by Y = 3.7671 + 0.3630(7) (LO13-3)
14. a.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
5 13 0.125 2.375 0.0156 5.6406 0.297
3 15 -1.875 4.375 3.5156 19.1406 -8.203
6 7 1.125 -3.625 1.2656 13.1406 -4.078
3 12 -1.875 1.375 3.5156 1.8906 -2.578
4 13 -0.875 2.375 0.7656 5.6406 -2.078
4 11 -0.875 0.375 0.7656 0.1406 -0.328
6 9 1.125 -1.625 1.2656 2.6406 -1.828
8 5 3.125 -5.625 9.7656 31.6406 -17.578
39 85 20.875
79.875 -36.375
39 85 20.875
X 4.875 Y 10.625 sx 1.7269
8 8 7
79.875 36.375
sy 3.3780 r 0.8908
7 (8 1)(1.7269)(3.3780)
b
0.8908 3.3780 1.7425
1.7269 a 10.625 ( 1.7425)(4.875) 19.1197
Y = 19.1197 1.7425X
b. 6.9222, found by 19.1197 1.7425(7) (LO13-3)
15. a.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
12 9 2.9 1.6 8.41 2.56 4.64
9 7 -0.1 -0.4 0.01 0.16 0.04
14 10 4.9 2.6 24.01 6.76 12.74
6 5 -3.1 -2.4 9.61 5.76 7.44
10 8 0.9 0.6 0.81 0.36 0.54
8 6 -1.1 -1.4 1.21 1.96 1.54
10 8 0.9 0.6 0.81 0.36 0.54
10 10 0.9 2.6 0.81 6.76 2.34
5 4.0 -4.1 -3.4 16.81 11.56 13.94
7 7.0 -2.1 -0.4 4.41 0.16 0.84
13-7
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
66.9 36.4
sx 2.72641 sy 2.01108
9 9
44.6
r 0.9038
(10 1)( 2.72641)( 2.01108)
2.01108
b (0.9038) 0.66667
2.72641 a 7.4 0.66667(9.1) 1.33333
Y 1.33333 0.66667 X
16. a.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
14 24 -19.4 -37.1 376.36 1376.41 719.74
12 14 -21.4 -47.1 457.96 2218.41 1007.94
20 28 -13.4 -33.1 179.56 1095.61 443.54
16 30 -17.4 -31.1 302.76 967.21 541.14
46 80 12.6 18.9 158.76 357.21 238.14
23 30 -10.4 -31.1 108.16 967.21 323.44
48 90 14.6 28.9 213.16 835.21 421.94
50 85 16.6 23.9 275.56 571.21 396.74
55 120 21.6 58.9 466.56 3469.21 1272.24
50 110 16.6 48.9 275.56 2391.21 811.74
17. a.
15
Earnings
10
0
0 25 50 75 100
13-8
Sales
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
629.6
r 0.673
b. (12 1)( 26.17)( 3.25)
3.25 64.1 501.10
b 0.673 0.0836 a (0.0836) 1.8507
c. 26.17 12 12
d. Y = 1.8507 + 0.0836(50.0) = 6.0307 ($ million) (LO13-3)
18. a.
15
Return
10
0
0 200 400 600 800
Assets
116.13
r 0.04605
b. (9 1)(192.11)(1.6409)
c. There is very little association between the amount of funds a fund has and its return.
1.6409 87.9 3504.5
b 0.04605 0.0003933 a ( 0.0003933) 9.9198
d. 192.11 9 9
6.44621 95 146
b 0.8744 0.9596 a ( 0.9596) 29.3877
19. a. 5.87367 8 8
b. 10.1957 found by 29.3877 0.9596(20)
c. For each policeman added, crime goes down approximately by one and without any
policemen just over 29 crimes would occur on average. (LO13-3)
13-9
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
30
26. The standard error of estimate is 1.732, found by 12 2 .
The coefficient of determination is 0.296, found by (0.544)2. So, 29 percent of the variation
in the selling price is explained by the variation in the age of the car. (LO13-5)
6.667
27. The standard error of estimate is 0.913, found by 10 2 . The coefficient of determination is
0.817, found by 0.9042. Just under eighty two percent of the variation in kilowatt hours can be
explained by the variation in the number of rooms. (LO13-5)
693
28. The standard error of estimate is 9.31, found by 10 2 . The coefficient of determination is
2
0.951, found by 0.975 . Ninety five percent of the variation in sales can be explained by the
variation in the number of contacts. (LO13-5)
30. Source DF SS MS
Regression 1 7200 7200
Error 18 1800 100
Total 19 9000 (LO13-5)
1 ( 7 5. 6) 2
6.308 3.182(0.993) 6.308 1.633
31. a. 5 29.2 The interval is from 4.675
up to 7.941.
1 (7 5.6) 2
6.308 3.182(0.993) 1 6.308 3.557
b. 5 29.2
This interval is from 2.751 up to 9.865. (LO13-6)
13-10
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
1 (7.0 4.875)2
6.9222 (2.447)(1.6578) 6.9222 2.37007
8 211 (39) 2 / 8)
32. a. [4.5522,9.2923]
1 (7.0 4.875) 2
6.9222 (2.447)(1.6578) 1 6.9222 4.6982
8 211 (39)2 / 8
b. [2.2238,11.6208] (LO13-6)
1 (6 9.1) 2
5.333 2.306(0.913) 5.333 1.039
33. a. 10 66.9 .
The confidence interval is from 4.294 up to 6.372.
1 (6 9.1) 2
5.333 2.306(0.913) 1 5.333 2.348
b. 10 66.9 .
The prediction interval is from 2.985 up to 7.681. (LO13-6)
1 ( 40 33.4) 2
75.5846 2.306(9.31) 75.5846 7.2959
34. a. 10 2814.4
The confidence interval is from 68.2887 up to 82.8805.
1 ( 40 33.4) 2
75.5846 2.306(9.31) 1 75.5846 22.6757
b. 10 2814.4 .
The prediction interval is from 52.9089 up to 98.2603. (LO13-6)
35.
The correlation of X and Y is 0.2975. The scatter plot reveals the variables do not appear to be
linearly related.
13-11
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
However, the correlation of X2 and Y is 0.9975 which indicates almost a perfect linear
relationship. (LO13-2)
36. a. The relationship does not appear to be linear. It is sensible that as Score increases the
Prize Amount decreases, as low scores are better in golf.
$1,400,000
$1,200,000
$1,000,000
Prize
$800,000
$600,000
$400,000
$200,000
$0
280 285 290 295 300 305
Score
b. The correlation is -0.6906. Thus 47.59 percent of the variation in prize amount is
explained by score.
13-12
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
6.0
5.5
Log-Prize
5.0
4.5
4.0
280 285 290 295 300 305
Score
c. The regression equation is Log-Prize = 30.249 - 0.087636 Score. The excel output
from the regression is below.
d. The coefficient of determination using Log-Prize is 87.97 percent and is much higher
than the approximately 47 percent using Prize as the dependent variable. This
indicates that the log transformation is better linear fit than the raw data.
e. If a player shoots 280, his expected prize is $514,000.
[Log(Prize)=30.249-0.087636*(280)=5.711. Antilog of 5.711 is 514,000.] (LO13-7)
13-13
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
0.94 25 2
t 13.213
1 (0.94) 2
Reject Ho there is a positive correlation between passengers and weight of luggage. (LO13-2)
1500
Income
1450
1400
1350
10 20 30 40 50 60
Occupied
13-14
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McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
43. a. The correlation is -0.3932. If a team is scoring (more points for) it is also keeping the
ball away from the opponent (fewer points against).Thus a negative correlation is not
surprising.
b. The coefficient of determination is the square of the correlation coefficient. It is
0.1546, found by squaring (-0.3932). That means 15% of the variation of the one
variable is explained by the other.
c. Ho: 0 H1: < 0 Reject Ho if t < 1.697
0.393 32 2
t 2.34
1 ( 0.393) 2
Reject Ho. There is a negative correlation between points scored and points allowed.
d. For the National conference (NFC): Ho: 0 H1: < 0 Reject Ho if t < 1.761
0.139 16 2
t 0.53
1 ( 0.139) 2
Do not reject Ho. We cannot say there is a negative correlation between points scored
and points allowed in the NFC.
13-15
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
For the American conference (AFC): Ho: 0 H1: < 0 Reject Ho if t < 1.761
0.576 16 2
t 2.64
1 ( 0.576) 2
Reject Ho. We can say there is a negative correlation between points scored and points
allowed in the AFC. (LO13-2)
44. a. There appears to be a positive linear relationship between the two variables
10
8
Sales (millions$)
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Size (thousands of square feet)
45. a. There is an inverse relationship between the variables. As the months owned increases
the number of hours exercised decreases.
15
10
Hours
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Months
13-16
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McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
b.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
12 4 5.5 -1.8 30.25 3.24 -9.90
2 10 -4.5 4.2 20.25 17.64 -18.90
6 8 -0.5 2.2 0.25 4.84 -1.10
9 5 2.5 -0.8 6.25 0.64 -2.00
7 5 0.5 -0.8 0.25 0.64 -0.40
2 8 -4.5 2.2 20.25 4.84 -9.90
8 3 1.5 -2.8 2.25 7.84 -4.20
4 8 -2.5 2.2 6.25 4.84 -5.50
10 2 3.5 -3.8 12.25 14.44 -13.30
5 5 -1.5 -0.8 2.25 0.64 1.20
46. The complete Anova table is below. Finding this first helps with the rest of the problem.
Source SS df MS F
Regression 300 1 300 54.0
Error 100 18 5.556
Total 400 19
100
s y x 2.3570
a. 18
b. R2 = 300/400 = 0.75
c. r 0.75 0.866 The sign of r is negative because the sign of b is negative. (LO13-5)
47. a.
13-17
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McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
34
33
Median age 32
31
30
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Population (in millions)
b.
Population Media
X X X X Y Y Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
(millions) n age
X Y
2.833 31.5 0.3612 0.130465 -0.54 0.2916 -0.19505
1.233 30.5 -1.2388 1.534625 -1.54 2.3716 1.907752
2.144 30.9 -0.3278 0.107453 -1.14 1.2996 0.373692
3.849 31.6 1.3772 1.89668 -0.44 0.1936 -0.60597
8.214 34.2 5.7422 32.97286 2.16 4.6656 12.40315
1.448 34.2 -1.0238 1.048166 2.16 4.6656 -2.21141
1.513 30.7 -0.9588 0.919297 -1.34 1.7956 1.284792
1.297 31.7 -1.1748 1.380155 -0.34 0.1156 0.399432
1.257 32.5 -1.2148 1.475739 0.46 0.2116 -0.55881
0.93 32.6 -1.5418 2.377147 0.56 0.3136 -0.86341
48. a.
13-18
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
Emily Smith
20000
15000
Estimated Cost
10000
5000
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Age
b.
Estimated Age
Y Y Y Y X X X X X X Y Y
2 2
39072828
$145,053 73 1 112.3571 -172315
145,053 73 390,728,281
X 10,361 Y 5.214 sx 5482
14 14 13
112.3571 172,315
sy 2.94 r 0.822
13 (14 1)(5482)( 2.94)
c. The slope of 1534 indicates that for each increase of 1 year in the age of the car that
the estimated cost decreases on average by $1534.
d. $10,688, found by 18358 1534(5)
13-19
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
e. The p-value (0.000) for the age variable is less than most common significance levels,
such as 0.05 indicating a test for significance of that coefficient would be rejected. In
other words, the coefficient is different from zero.
f. Ho: = 0 H1: 0 Reject Ho if t is not between 1.782 and 1.782.
1533.6 0
t 5.01
df = 12 306.3 Reject Ho.
There is a relationship between age and cost. (LO13-4)
49. a. The regression equation is Y = 11.236 0.4667 X. This indicates there is a negative
relationship between the number of bids (X) and the winning bid (Y) and that for each
additional bidder the winning bid decreases by 0.4667 million.
The equation can be found using software or with the calculations below.
n = 15 X = 107 Y = 118.6
( x x) 2
73.73333 ( y y) 2
32.1893
73.73333 32.1893
sx 2.294922 sy 1.516323
14 14
34.41333
r 0.706381
(15 1)( 2.294922)(1.516323)
1.516323
b 0.706381 0.466727
2.294922
118.6 107
a ( 0.466727) 11.235986
15 15
b. Y = 11.235986 0.466727(7.0) = 7.968897
1 (7 7.1333) 2
7.9689 (2.160)(1.114) 1 7.9689 2.4854
15 (107) 2
837
15
c. [5.4835,10.4543]
d. R2 = 0.499. The number of bidders explains nearly 50 percent of the variation in the
amount of the bid. (LO13-6)
163.6 1193.8
a (0.0030) 10.6678
15 15
b. Ho: 0 H1: > 0 df = n 2 = 15 2 = 13
At the 0.05 significance level, reject Ho if t > 1.771 t =0.00303/0.00159=1.90 Reject
Ho and conclude the slope is positive.
c. R2 = (0.466)2 = 0.2172 While he may not be pleased with the limited explanatory
power, the size of the offering explains over 20% of the uncertainty. (LO13-6)
51. a. There appears to be a relationship between the two variables. As the distance increases,
so does the shipping time.
13-20
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
b.
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
1.4 100 0.25 3.3333 0.0625 11.1111 0.8333
1.3 110 0.15 13.3333 0.0225 177.7778 2.0000
1.2 105 0.05 8.3333 0.0025 69.4444 0.4167
1.1 120 -0.05 23.3333 0.0025 544.4444 -1.1667
656 5 -69.85 -3.4 4879.023 11.56 237.49
853 14 127.15 5.6 16167.123 31.36 712.04
646 6 -79.85 -2.4 6376.023 5.76 191.64
783 11 57.15 2.6 3266.123 6.76 148.59
610 8 -115.85 -0.4 13421.223 0.16 46.34
841 10 115.15 1.6 13259.523 2.56 184.24
785 9 59.15 0.6 3498.723 0.36 35.49
639 9 -86.85 0.6 7542.923 0.36 -52.11
762 10 36.15 1.6 1306.823 2.56 57.84
762 9 36.15 0.6 1306.823 0.36 21.69
862 7 136.15 -1.4 18536.823 1.96 -190.61
679 5 -46.85 -3.4 2194.923 11.56 159.29
835 13 109.15 4.6 11913.723 21.16 502.09
607 3 -118.85 -5.4 14125.323 29.16 641.79
665 8 -60.85 -0.4 3702.723 0.16 24.34
647 7 -78.85 -1.4 6217.323 1.96 110.39
13-21
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
52. a.
1300
1200
1100
1000
900
Spent
800
700
600
500
400
4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
Income
40(245,795,835) (273,387)(33,625)
b 0.13388
b. 40(1,987,875,615) (273,387) 2
13-22
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McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
33,625 273,387
a 0.13388 74.4
40 40
The regression equation is Spent = 74.4 + 0.134 Income. For each additional dollar
of income, 13.4 cents more is spent on groceries.
40 245,795,835 273,387 33,625
r 0.945
[40 1,987,875,615 273,387 ][40 30,662,885 33, 625 ]
2 2
c.
Ho: 0 H1: > 0 At the 5% level, reject Ho when t > 1.686.
0.945 40 2
t 17.8
1 0.945
2
53. a. The regression equation is: Price = 26.8 + 2.41 dividend. For each additional dollar
paid out in a dividend the per share price increases by $2.41 on average.
b. Ho: = 0 H1: 0 At the 5% level, reject Ho if t is not between 2.048
and 2.048. t = 2.408/0.328 = 7.34
Reject Ho and conclude slope is not zero.
5057.6
R2 0.658
c. 7682.7 65.8% of the variation in price is explained by the
dividend.
d. r .658 0.811 Ho: 0 H1: > 0
0.811 30 2
t 7.34
1 0.811
2
54. a. 20, found by one more than the total degrees of freedom (19 + 1)
55. a. 35, found by one more than the total degrees of freedom (34 + 1)
56. a.
13-23
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
X X Y Y X X Y Y X X Y Y
2 2
X Y
23.1 8.0 5.613 -5.825 31.500 33.931 -32.693
13.2 15.6 -4.288 1.775 18.383 3.151 -7.610
24.2 31.2 6.713 17.375 45.058 301.891 116.630
11.1 2.5 -6.388 -11.325 40.800 128.256 72.338
10.1 35.4 -7.388 21.575 54.575 465.481 -159.385
10.8 6.0 -6.688 -7.825 44.723 61.231 52.330
27.3 8.7 9.813 -5.125 96.285 26.266 -50.289
20.1 3.2 2.613 -10.625 6.825 112.891 -27.758
58. a. The correlation of Wattage and Area is 0.9393. The link is direct.
b. H0: 0 H1: > 0 Reject H0 if t > 1.7341
0.939 20 2
t 11.584
1 (0.939) 2
Reject H0. It is quite reasonable to say the population correlation is positive!
c. The regression equation is Area = 22.5813 + 0.1489 Wattage.
d. The sixth heater is the best buy. It heats an area that is 53.47 square feet larger than
estimated by the regression equation and represents the largest residual. (LO13-3)
13-24
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McGraw-Hill Education.
Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
0.987 18 2
t 24.564
1 (0.987) 2
H0: 0 H1: > 0 Reject H0 if t > 1.746
Reject H0. It is quite reasonable to say the population correlation is positive!
b. The regression equation is Weight = 29.543 + 22.914 Consumption. Each additional
cup increases the estimated weight by 22.9 pounds.
c. The fourth dog has the largest residual and is a big over eater. It weighs 21 pounds
less than the regression equation would estimate. (LO13-3)
60. a. Y = 12.3601 + 4.7956 X The relationship between distance and damage is direct.
b. $36,338.10 found by 12.3601 + 4.7956(5)
c. 0.581, found by 1865/3209, 58.1% of the variation in damage is explained by
variation in distance.
d. 0.762 which is 0.581 It is positive because the slope is positive. There is a strong
direct link between the variables.
e. Ho: = 0 H1: 0 Reject Ho if t < -2.763 or t > 2.763
0.762 30 2
t 6.23
1 (0.762) 2 Reject Ho.
There is a connection between distance and fire damage. (LO13-5)
350
300
250
Fare
200
150
100
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Distance
13-25
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
d. The regression equation is Fare = 147.08 + 0.05265 Distance. Each additional mile
adds $0.05265 to the fare. A 1500 mile flight would cost $226.06, found by $147.08 +
0.05265(1500).
e. A flight of 4218 miles is outside the range of the sampled data. So the regression
equation may not be useful. (LO13-5)
13-26
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
13-27
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Chapter 13 - Correlation and Linear Regression
64. a. There seems to be a weak direct relationship between the two variables.
Maintenance = 386.8 + 9.070 Age
600
550
500
Maintenance
450
400
350
300
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Age
13-28
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