Comparison of Steganographic Techniques

Sr. Name of Technique used Advantages Limitations

No. Techniques
1 LSB Hiding data in images Good hidden Worst MSE
Substitution by simple LSB capacity and low between the
substitution and complexity stego-image
applying an optimal and cover-
pixel Adjustment image is
derived
2 Pixel value Data gets hide based This method Visibility of
Differencing upon difference hides large data the hiding
between the two with the help of effect
consecutive pixels in LSB substitution present in
cover image at edge area of the PVD
image method
3 Matrix Each pattern bit is Provides high Suffers
Embedding matched with message security from low
bit, if satisfied it hidden
modifies the LSB bits capacity
by data bits
4 Exploiting At most, only one Provides Stable It does not
Modification pixel is increased or and convenient work
Direction decreased by 1 to security properly on
embed in (2p+1) high
notational system payload
5 Double Based on greyscale This achieves the Does not
Layered value of pixel upper bound on give better
Plus-Minus adding/subtracting one the embedding result on
 One Data to/from the image is efficiency low quality
Embedding done to hide data images
Scheme
6 RGB It chooses one colour Almost Same Hidden
Intensity channel among red, histogram of capacity
Based green and blue and stego-image depended
Variable-Bits embeds data into against cover on cover
Image variable LSB of image image pixel
Steganograph chosen channel intensities
y
7 Texture It divides the texture Provides high High hidden
Based Image areas into two groups, hidden capacity capacity
Steganograph simple and complex degrade the
y and these are used to visual
hide the information quality
PSNR
8 Bit Depth RGB images are Provides lossless, Not
Embedding transformed to YCrCb reversible data supported to
for colour space, and hiding scheme for Gray and
JPEG2000 then, wavelet binary images Color image
transform, as well as
quantization and suffers from
entropy coding are alteration
performed to extract detection
LSB then hides the
secret data
9 Data Hiding Diamond Provides high It suffers
Scheme with characteristic value of quality stego- from higher
 Diamond each non-overlapping image and distortion
Encoding block of two conceals large for various
consecutive pixels is amount of data payload as
calculated and which well as it
is used to concealed does not
message digit. provide
more
compact
Neighborho
od Set.
10 LSB It divides the image Provides Integrity It hides
Modification pixels ranging 0-255 of secret hidden extra bits of
Based on and generates a information with with hidden
Private private stego-key High Capacity message
Stego-Keys based on 5 different
gray level ranges of
image.
11 Reversible Divides the image in This method It
Data smooth and complex provides better introduces
Embedding regions then more data image quality and little
using is embedded in embedding distortion in
Interpolation complex region than capacity and smooth
and simple one PSNR. regions
Reference
Pixel
Distribution
Mechanism
PROBLEM DEFINITION
The steganography technique has certain weakness are as shown in table.
Steganography Weakness
Technique
Substitution Systems Low robustness, filtering, lossy compression
attacks, format file dependent.
Transform domain An attacker can simply apply signal processing
Technique techniques in order to destroy the secret
information. In many cases even the small
changes resulting out of loose compression
system yield total information loss.
Spread Spectrum (SS) Increase in complexity, higher costs and more
Technique stringent timing
a) Direct Spread Spectrum: To produce the
spectrum is complex, it requires a large
bandwidth channel and requires long acquisition
time since PN codes are long
b) Frequency Hopping Scheme: Weakness with
both fast and slow hopping. In Slow hopping,
data can be lost if single frequency hop channel is
jammed. In fast hopping, due to phase
discontinuities, coherent data detection is not
possible.
Distortion Technique It can reconstruct secret message entirely by
attacker when embedding and encoding functions
are public and do not depend on stego-key.
Cover Generation They have heavy and complexity process for
Technique algorithm comparison with other techniques. This
 is due to delay time for finished (hiding or
extract) process operation.

To overcome the above weakness, the proposed system uses interpolation

technique. The interpolation technique provides the advantages of both low-time
complexity and high computing speed. Experiments indicated that this method can
embed a large amount of bits into the host image while still keeping distortion low.