MOORE

TEST FOR GLUCOSE REAGENTS PRINCIPLE POSITIVE RESULT

Fehlings Method Fehlings A -Mixture of Fehlings A and B would cause
-dist. H20 the aqueous tartrate ions to chelate to Cu
-CuSO4 ions forming a bistartratocuprate (II) Yellow or red precipitate
Fehlings B complex. This complex oxidizes the
-Rochelle salt (KNa aldehyde to a carboxylate anion, and in
tartrate) the process the copper (II) ions of the
-KOH complex are reduced to copper (I) ions.
Trommers Method 10% KOH/NaOH Copper sulfate, in an alkaline solution, is Yellow or red precipitate
10% CuSO4 reduced by the aldehyde group to Copper
(I) oxide
Nylanders Method Nylanders rgt: Under alkaline solution, reducing sugars Black color
Rochelle salt (KNa reduce bismuth salt to black metallic Trace: brown color
tartrate) bismuth.
Bismuth subnitrite
10% KOH/NaOH
Moore Hellers 10% KOH In the presence of strong alkali and heat,
Method glucose (and other reducing sugars) is
converted into caramel

Osazone Phenyl hydrazine Phenyl hydrazine reacts with the reducing Yellow, needle-shape: glucose,
hydrochloride sugars at 100C to form phenyl mannose, fructose
Sodium acetate hydrazones which will react with phenyl Mushroom- shaped/cotton ball:
Glacial acetic acid hydrazine to form osazones(crystalline lactose
shaped). Flower-shaped: maltose

Haines Method -Copper sulfate Based on the presence of reducing agent,

-Glycerin cupric ions are reduced to insoluble Yellow or red precipitate
-KOH cuprous oxide
-Distilled H20
Somogyis Method -Alkaline copper Tartrate In the presence of reducing sugars, copper Blue color
Arsenomolybdic acid (II) ions are reduced to form cuprous oxide,
which is treated with aresenomolybdic
acid. Molybdic acid present in the solution
 is reduced to molybdenum blue.

TEST FOR ALBUMIN REAGENT PRINCIPLE POSITIVE RESULT

Hellers Nitric acid test Conc nitric acid White ring at point of contact
Picric acid test Saturated picric acid Turbidity or precipitate
Roberts Test Roberts rgt:
-Saturated MgSO4 White ring at point of contact
-Conc nitric acid
Sulfosalycilic acid 3% sulfosalicylic acid PROTE DEGREE OF TURBIDITY
- IN No increase in turbidity
Trac <6 Noticeable turbidity
e 6-30 Distinct turbidity, no granulation
1+ 30-100 Turbidity, granulation, no
2+ 100- flocculation
3+ 200 Turbidity, granulation, flocculation
4+ 200- Clumps of protein
400
>400

Trichloroacetic acid Trichloroacetic acid Turbidity or precipitate