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- Underlying Geology
- Substrate (sediment type, size & shape)
- Product of marine erosion
o Rocky shore
most primitive type of coast
o Sandy beaches
Wave dominated
25.1 The Intertidal Zone is the Transition Between Terrestrial and Marine Environments
- Intertidal Zone
o Alternately exposed and submerged by tides
o Conditions change hourly depending on tides
Low Tide
More of terrestrial
Uppermost layers of intertidal life exposed to air
- So bale sinasabi lang ng part na to is may intertidal zone tapos dahil iba iba condition from time to time may
zonation of life char
- 3 Basic Zones
o Supralittoral/ Supratidal Zone (terrestrial)
Supralittoral Fringe
First major change from terrestrial envi
Saltwater comes every 2 weeks on spring tides
Marked by BLACK ZONE (lol supralitorral si lance)
o Black dahil may cyanobacteria with lichens and green alga
**nonmarine community
o Littoral/ Intertidal Zone
Covered by tides
So dito may mga zones nanaman jusko
UPPER AREA: Barnacles
MIDDLE/LOWER AREA: Oysters, mussels & limpets
LOWER THAN THE LOWER (ano raw?): Brown Alga
Infralittoral Fringe
Lowest part of littoral zone
Exposed for short periods of time
Dahil lowest maraming brown alga: LAMINARIA (forest daw peg)
o Infralitorral/Subtidal Zone
- Waves
o Brings in nutrients
o Keeps seaweed in constant motion
o Heavy waves reduce predator action (rawr)
o So ano ang conclusion? Disturbances influence community structure. Mga waves na nanggugulo
nakakaapekto ng buhay ayon lamang
- Tides leave pools of water
o Pools of water are distinct habitats, microecosystems in itself
- Sandy Shore
o Product of weathering of rock
Rivers & Waves carry products of rock weathering
Size of sand particles deposited influences deposit of sandy beach
o If beach is flat, outgoing tidal currents are slow leaving behind a residue of organic material
Kapag flat-chested ka konti lang action nakukuha mo. Mabagal usad ng lovelife. Mabagal din
mga waves char
o Life on sandy beaches has no surface for attachment of seaweeds
This is why life is mostly beneath the sand
Wag kasi maattach, itago mo, ibaon mo sa lupa lahat ng feelings
o ZONES OF LIFE IN SANDY/MUDDY BEACHES aka mga nagbabaon sa sarili
Epifauna
Lives on sediment surface
Infauna
Living in sediments
Occupy permanent/semipermanent tubes
Meiofauna (type of infauna)
o Tiny organisms
o Live between particles of sand and mud
o Mga parasites to mga nematodes , copepods
o ZONES in the beach
Supralittoral
Upper beach
Littoral
Intertidal beach
o Where true marine life appears
- Organisms in sand and mud do not experience fluctuating temperatures
o Syempre naman, nagtatago, so walang maeexperience. Sheltered sila.
- Energy base for life on the sandy shore is accumulation of organic matter
- Salt/Tidal Marshes
o Occur in temperate latitudes
o Where coastlines are protected from waves, within estuaries, deltas etc
o Dictated by tides and salinity (malamang nasa title na hahaah)
- On the Seaward edge of Marshes/Tidal Creeks
o Cordgrass
Forms marginal strip between open mud to front of the high marsh
High tolerance of salinity, lives in a semisubmerged state
Martyr. Maalat na ang buhay linulunod pa ang sarili hahaha
Has hollow tubes leading from leaf to root for oxygen diffusion
- High Marsh
o Higher salinity
o Decreased input of nutrients
Lower tidal exchange rate in low marsh
- Creeks
o Form an intricate system of drainage channels that carry tidal waters back to sea
o Taga-buhat si creek ng tubig pabalik sa ocean
- Salt Pans
o Circular/elliptical depressions flooded at high tide
o At low tide, filled with saltwater
o May be invaded with glasswort/spikegrass if shallow since it can evaporate immediately
- Low tides in marshes bring in predators