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For AV Professionals
4TH EDITION
Extron Fiber Optic Design Guide
Fiber optic cables have emerged as the new standard for AV designers and integrators concerned with future-proofing their
systems and can be used for a complete AV cabling infrastructure or to augment a twisted pair or coaxial cabling installation.
As video technologies and standards continue to evolve, AV system designers and integrators are continuously challenged
with providing a cable infrastructure to support high resolution video, audio, and control signals commonly used today and
anticipating the needs of tomorrow. Todays digital video standards require multi-gigabit data rates to deliver high resolution
video from the source to the display. For the moderate to long distances found in modern AV systems, fiber optic cables offer
several advantages over coaxial and twisted pair cables. Leading AV designers and integrators have also learned that fiber
optic cabling ensures support for high resolution digital video signals, providing a path to higher resolutions in the future and
reducing the total cost of ownership over the life of the system.
The ability to design and install systems that function on fiber optic networks is becoming a competitive advantage for
successful AV integrators. As a leading manufacturer of products engineered for the commercial AV market, Extron has
developed an extensive line of fiber optic extenders, distribution amplifiers, switchers, and matrix switchers to help Extron
customers benefit from the advantages of fiber optic technology. Extron manufactures fiber optic products to support modern
digital standards including DisplayPort, HDMI, DVI, and 3G-SDI as well as legacy analog video formats, such as RGB,
HDcomponent, and standard definition video.
The use of fiber optics in the AV industry offers the important advantage of sending multiple AV signals over extreme distances
with zero signal degradation and complete immunity from outside interference. Signals sent through fiber are also inherently
secure, making fiber-based transmission the preferred choice in government, military, and medical applications. These
advantages, together with the trend to include excess dark fiber in the design of modern facilities, make fiber optic products
ideal for AV use in government buildings, military installations, airports, stadiums, and university or corporate campuses.
The Fiber Optic Design Guide helps the AV professional develop the required expertise to employ fiber optic technology in
AV systems. The Guide provides tutorials on fiber optic technology and fiber cabling used in commercial AV systems. AV
professionals are provided with a basic understanding of the technology, combined with a practical how-to approach
for designing fiber optic AV systems. The Guide also includes sample AV system designs that illustrate common design
challenges and solutions, including signal flow diagrams and the necessary equipment. A condensed catalog of Extron fiber
optic products is also included. Also featured in the Guide is a reference section that includes a comprehensive glossary, a
list of applicable standards, and Frequently Asked Questions.
Digital Signage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Sports Stadium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Campus Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Knowledge Wall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Courtroom of the Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Divisible Auditorium and Amphitheater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
www.extron.com 1
Fiber Optics for Professional AV Systems
Multiple AV Signals on a Single Fiber Todays field termination kits make fiber as easy to
Fiber optic cables have the capacity to carry terminate as other types of cabling. Simply strip,
multiple AV signals on a single fiber, reducing the cleave, and insert the fiber into the connector
number of required cables. A single fiber can be using modern connectivity systems such as the
used to transmit a high resolution DisplayPort, Extron Quick LC Fiber Optic Connectors and
HDMI, DVI, or RGBHV video signal, stereo audio, Fiber Termination Kit. Portable splicing tools are
IR control, and RS-232 control, replacing five also available to permanently join two optical
bulky coaxial, two audio, and one or more control fibers together, creating a high quality, reliable
cables. Replacing multiple cables with a single splice in minutes.
fiber simplifies installation and reduces the number
Figure 3.
Copper Cables Emit Electrical Signals While Fiber Optic Cables Have Zero Emissions
Eavesdropper Eavesdropper
www.extron.com 3
Fiber Optics for Professional AV Systems
The ability to secure Safe for Sensitive and Hazardous Delivers Pixel-Perfect Video in Electrically
signals over fiber has Environments Noisy Environments
Fiber optic cable is largely comprised of glass, Fiber optic cables employ an all-dielectric
led national agencies
which does not carry electrical current, radiate construction, and therefore do not conduct stray
to require the use energy, or produce heat or sparks. Optical fibers electrical signals. Fiber is completely immune to
of fiber for secure can be safely installed in hazardous environments, electrical interference, see Figure 4. Immunity
transmissions. including oil refineries, mining operations, or to electrical interference allows for fiber cable
chemical plants, without the danger of generating installation in electrically noisy environments
an electrical spark. Applications using sensitive such as factory floors. It also eliminates crosstalk
electronics, such as medical environments, also in fiber bundles, which allows a large number of
benefit from the lack of electrical emissions with fibers to fit into a very compact cable.
fiber optic systems.
Eliminates Ground Loops in AV Systems
Send Sensitive Information over Secure The transmission of light down a glass fiber does
AV Systems not require a ground reference or return path, see
All copper cables, including coaxial and Figure5. The lack of the signal ground eliminates
twisted pair cables, emit small amounts of video hum bars, and the annoying, low frequency
electromagnetic radiation. An eavesdropper hum that often accompanies audio signals.
can go undetected, picking up the faint signals
to intercept sensitive information as shown in Dark Fiber Applications
Figure3. Dark fiber refers to previously installed but
currently unused fiber that may be part of the
Fiber optic cables transmit light, so the lack of cable infrastructure called the physical plant. The
electrical emissions makes it virtually impossible plant refers to all cables, connectors, adapters,
to eavesdrop on a fiber optic cable without patch panels, and splice drawers installed on
physically altering the cable. Intercepting an a campus or in a building. It may include both
optical signal requires placing a splitter or tap fiber optic and copper cables that are used for
onto the individual fibers, which interrupts or the various communications, security, computer,
reduces the amount of light in the fiber and is and audio visual systems. Long haul optical links
easy to detect. This helps to create a secure may also include optical amplifiers, repeaters,
channel, and makes it very hard for someone to and regenerators to support transmission over
intercept the signal. The ability to secure signals extreme distances that can span hundreds or
over fiber has led national agencies to require the even thousands of kilometers.
use of fiber for secure transmissions.
FOXBOX FOXBOX
Tx DVI Plus Rx DVI Plus
Figure 4.
POWER POWER
12V DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232 12V MODE DVI-D OUTPUT AUDIO RS-232
No Interference
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM 1.0A MAX ON OVER FIBER ALARM
1 2
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
CONFIG CONFIG
Fiber Cable
No
Signal
FOXBOX FOXBOX Interference
Tx DVI Plus Rx DVI Plus
POWER POWER
12V DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232 12V MODE DVI-D OUTPUT AUDIO RS-232
No Interference
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM 1.0A MAX ON OVER FIBER ALARM
1 2
Tx Rx Tx Rx
AUDIO
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
CONFIG CONFIG
Copper Cable
Fiber Cable
4 Extron Fiber Optic Design Guide
No
Signal
Figure 5. Modern fiber optic
Fiber Cabling Does Not Require Shielding or Return,
Eliminating Ground Loops termination tools
and training have
accelerated the
Signal Circuit 2
Conductor
Signal Shield VNoise deployment of fiber
Circuit 1
optic AV systems.
Shield Shield
Ground Ground
Ground Loop
Not at Earth
Ground
VGround
Earth Ground
Ground Reference
Fiber Cable Circuit 2
OVER FIBER REMOTE FOX Tx AV OVER FIBER REMOTE FOX Rx AV
O
I OPTICAL U OPTICAL
N Tx Rx Tx Rx
Tx Rx T
Tx Rx Tx Rx
Tx Rx
POWER P Y/VID B-Y/C POWER P Y/VID B-Y/C
AUDIO AUDIO
12V U 12V
U
0.6A MAX L R ALARM 0.6A MAX L R ALARM
T T
S S
Circuit 1
R-Y S-VID 1 2 R-Y S-VID 1 2
FOX Tx AV FOX Rx AV
Shield Shield
Ground Ground
Not at Earth
Ground
VGround
Earth Ground
Ground Reference
As telecom and datacom systems were upgraded accordance with TIA/EIA standards, the network
to fiber optics, universities, industrial parks, is fully documented and characterized.
government facilities, and office buildings installed
fiber optic cables for current and future use. The Tools and Training for AV Professionals
structure of fiber networks often enables fiber Modern fiber optic termination tools and training
connections for multiple applications. Using pre- have accelerated the deployment of fiber optic
installed fiber can provide multiple benefits to the AV systems. The latest fiber termination systems
end user and AV installer, including cost savings simplify the installation of fiber optic cables and
associated with running cables. It can also avoid eliminate messy epoxies. Advanced training is
unnecessary demolition that may deface the available that demystifies fiber optic technology,
building or incur renovation costs. When using providing AV professionals with the needed
dark fiber, it is important to determine the type knowledge and skills to address applications
of fiber, lengths of runs, and the optical losses best served by a fiber optic solution. Some
to ensure selection of the right equipment, and AV installers also use third-party vendors that
to verify that the fiber is suitable for transmitting specialize in fiber optic cabling and termination.
video.
Many AV professionals may be reluctant to adopt
Depending on the network topology, accessing fiber technology as it can be intimidating. There
existing fiber networks may be as simple as is a common misconception that terminating
adding an interconnect cable to an existing optical fiber is time consuming and requires
patch panel. If the fiber network was installed in highly specialized skills. Today, fiber termination
www.extron.com 5
Fiber Optics for Professional AV Systems
FOX Series fiber optic systems have been developed that require very lengths are available in both OM4 multimode
products can be used little training, and produce high quality fiber and singlemode versions to fit in any application.
connections in less time than it takes to terminate Extron cables also feature a bend-insensitive
for simple point-to-
a coaxial cable. design for a tight bend radius with minimal
point applications or in bending loss, further simplifying installation.
combination to tackle Easier-to-terminate cabling solutions and training
the most challenging help to alleviate these fears and make integration Fiber optic connectors and accessories include
efforts much more efficient. AV professionals who fiber optic termination tools, field-installable
AV system designs.
understand and embrace fiber optic technology connectors, and fiber optic test equipment. The
benefit from the ability to address applications Fiber Optic Termination Kit and Quick LC Fiber
that are best served by a fiber optic solution. Optic Connectors enable quick and easy field
termination of fiber optic cables. To ensure proper
Extron Fiber Optic Solutions connectivity, the Fiber Optic Test Set provides the
Extron fiber optic products are designed for tools needed to measure optical power and loss
end-to-end AV signal distribution over fiber optic throughout a fiber optic infrastructure.
cabling. The complete line of fiber optic products
for professional AV installations includes matrix Benefits of Fiber Optic-Based AV Systems
switchers, switchers, distribution amplifiers, signal from Extron:
processors, extenders, and audio and control M ost complete line of fiber optic product
solutions to meet the needs of challenging AV
products.
system designs
Integrates easily into a wide range of 4K and
To streamline installation, the line provides a
UHD environments
wide range of integrator-friendly features such
E
nterprise-wide distribution of DisplayPort,
as transmission of RS232 control signals with
HDMI, DVI, 3G-SDI, high resolution RGB, and
the AV signals, industry-standard LC connectors, standard definition video, as well as audio,
the capability to trigger a notification for fiber link USB, IR control, and RS232 signals over fiber
loss, and availability in multimode models for optic cabling
intermediate distances and singlemode models SpeedSwitch Technology provides
for extreme distances up to 30 km (18.75 miles). exceptional switching speed for HDCP-
encrypted content
T
ransmission of multiple signals on a single,
The all-digital technology of these fiber optic
small, and lightweight cable
products provides pixel-for-pixel performance for
Immunity to outside electrical interference
distribution of content with the highest quality.
J ITC certified for use in government
Engineered to maximize all the benefits of fiber
applications and other mission-critical
optic technology, the FOXSeries products can
environments
be used for simple point-to-point applications or
in combination to tackle the most challenging AV
system designs.
www.extron.com 7
Fiber Optic Tutorial
widespread adoption.
Gamma Rays X-rays Ultra- Infrared Radio Waves
violet
Radar TV FM AM
Visible Light
Reflection
Figure 3. Reflection is the change in direction of a light
Figure 2. Refraction of a
wave at an interface between two dissimilar
Reflections on the Water Surface Light Beam
media so that the wave returns into the original
medium. In Figure 2, light reflecting from the
surface of the lake produces a mirror image of
the trees.
Refraction
Refraction is the change in direction of a light
wave due to a change in its speed as it passes
from one medium to another. A straw in a glass
of water appears to bend as it enters the water,
shown in Figure3.
Light is refracted
and reflected
n=1 n=1
n = n1 n = n1
e le
gl ng
l An A
ca
Incident angle al
i ti is greater than ritic
Cr critical angle. C
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Fiber Optic Tutorial
Fiber features ultra-low over short distances. The graded index is An optional, secondary 900m buffer may be
attenuation and can designed to reduce modal dispersion in POF, added to the fiber for additional protection and
extending the available bandwidth in the fiber. strength as shown in Figure6. The secondary
carry video signals over
GIPOF is available in core sizes of 50 m, buffer is a harder material than the 250m buffer
extreme distances. 62.5 m, or 120 m, with a cladding size of coating, and is typically applied to fibers used in
490 m or 750 m. They usually operate at tight-buffered indoor cables. Loose-tube outdoor
650 nm, 850 nm, or 1300 nm wavelengths. cables typically use the 250m buffered fibers,
Attenuation is typically between 40dB/km and without the addition of the secondary buffer.
100 dB/km, and the maximum transmission
distance for a gigabit Ethernet signal is Light Sources Used in Fiber Optic AV
100meters or less. Distances are considerably Systems
shorter for multi-gigabit signals that are typically Light Emitting Diode
found in AV systems. Due to these limitations, A light-emitting diode LED is a semiconductor
GI-POF is not typically used in fiber optic AV device that produces a light output when an
systems. electrical current passes through it. It can be a
surface-emitting LED or an edge-emitting LED.
Glass Optical Fiber Structures of both types are shown in Figure7.
The main difference between glass optical fiber Light from an LED radiates out in all directions
and coaxial cable is that glass optical fiber
Figure 6.
exceeds coaxial cable performance in every way.
Anatomy of an Optical Fiber
Glass fiber features ultra-low attenuation and
can carry video signals over extreme distances.
Being made of glass, the optical fiber is not
Secondary Buffer
susceptible to interference from outside electrical
signals, such as from HVAC systems, and does
Buffer Coating
not experience ground loops. Also, fiber does
not emit an electrical signal, which makes it very Glass Fiber
Cladding
Metal
Surrounding the core is the cladding, which has Surface Emitting LED
Metal
into the core, keeping the light travelling down
P
the fiber. Together, the core and the cladding
form a solid glass fiber. A 250m buffer coating
N
is applied to the bare glass fiber during the
Metal
manufacturing process as a protective layer. Edge Emitting LED
Metal
Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
The VCSEL is a laser diode that represents a Active Region Mirror Stack Mirror Stack
leap forward in performance over the LED for
multimode systems, and at a much lower cost
www.extron.com 11
Fiber Optic Tutorial
Both multimode and edge-emission light path. Since the die must be Figure 9.
Comparison of Light Output from
singlemode fiber cleaved from the wafer to expose the edge, the Semiconductor Photonic Devices
FP laser cannot be fully tested in wafer form
carry high resolution
both good and bad diodes must be packaged
video, audio, and prior to final testing. The added cost of packaging Center
Wavelength
Optical Power
The FP laser produces a narrow beam of light.
Therefore, light coupling efficiency is extremely FP Laser
VCSEL
(850 nm)
(1310 nm)
high, which makes the FP laser ideal for
singlemode applications. Operating at 1310nm, LED (850 or
1300 nm)
the FP laser has a moderate output power
and a moderate to wide spectral width. It can
operate up to 10Gbps at distances up to tens of
kilometers over singlemode fiber.
Spectral Width
Distributed Feedback Laser
The DFB laser depicted in Figure11 is an edge-
emitting semiconductor laser diode that operates
at 1310 or 1550 nm for singlemode fiber. It is grating and packaging prior to testing increases
also available at wavelengths from 1270 through the manufacturing cost of the DFB laser when
1610nm to support coarse and dense wavelength compared to costs for the VCSEL and FP laser.
division multiplexing. The DFB laser structure is
similar to the FP laser with the addition of diffraction The narrow beam width, narrow spectral width,
grating. The grating provides fine tuning to create and high-power output make the DFB laser ideal
a high-power output with a narrow spectral width for long-haul applications. It can operate up to
and a very narrow beam width. 10Gbps or more at distances up to 100kilometers
and beyond, over singlemode fiber. A comparison
As with the FP laser, the DFB laser must also be of the laser light output power and spectral widths
packaged prior to final testing. The addition of the for common light sources is shown in Figure9.
N N
Metal Metal
Semitransparent Semitransparent
Mirrored Ends Mirrored Ends
heat as they interact with the molecular structure Attenuation in Optical Fiber
www.extron.com 13
Fiber Optic Tutorial
multimode fiber. n2
n1
n2
n1
n2
n1
Chromatic Dispersion
The speed of light through glass varies with
wavelength; the shorter the wavelength, the
more quickly it travels. For example, white light
is composed of multiple wavelengths or colors
in the visible portion of the electromagnetic
spectrum. As it passes through a prism, the
colors travel at different speeds, and experience
a varying amount of refraction. This produces a
Similar to the effect of capacitance in coaxial rainbow of colors as shown in Figure15.
cable, modal dispersion causes light pulses to
spread out as they travel down the fiber, limiting Semiconductor laser light also contains multiple
the bandwidth of multimode fiber. Graded-index wavelengths, characterized by the spectral
multimode fiber reduces, but does not eliminate, width of the light source. Each wavelength
the effect of modal dispersion. This has led to travels at a slightly different speed down a
different types of multimode fiber, categorized by glass fiber, reaching the far end of the fiber at
bandwidth as summarized in Table1. a slightly different time. Different speeds lead to
pulse spreading as shown in Figure16, which is
Singlemode fiber only allows light to travel down referred to as chromatic dispersion.
a single path so modal dispersion does not occur.
Because of this, singlemode fiber has extremely Chromatic dispersion is a function of wavelength.
high bandwidth, and can transmit video signals Dispersion is higher for shorter wavelengths such
over several kilometers. In practical terms, as 850 nm and lower at longer wavelengths,
multimode fiber is ideal for transmitting high reaching a zero value around 1310nm.
Figure 16.
Chromatic Dispersion
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Fiber Optic Tutorial
An optical loss analysis Figure 17. travels down an optical fiber. It is defined in terms
Cross Section of an Optical Fiber
is simply adding up of its vertical and horizontal components, shown
in Figure17.
the losses in the fiber Vertical
Since chromatic dispersion is a function of lights The phenomenon of light traveling at different
spectral content, it occurs in both multimode speeds due to the polarization mode is referred
and singlemode fiber. For typical distances used to as polarization mode dispersion PMD.
in multimode applications, modal dispersion is PMD occurs in both multimode and singlemode
usually much larger than chromatic dispersion. fiber, but has less significance when compared to
As transmission distances increase with the use modal or chromatic dispersion. Therefore, PMD
of lasers and laser-optimized fiber, chromatic is only important for very long-haul transmission
dispersion becomes more significant. In over singlemode fiber.
singlemode applications, chromatic dispersion,
along with attenuation, is a limiting factor in How Attenuation in Optical Fiber Affects
maximum transmission distances. Video Signals
Unlike coaxial cable, attenuation in optical fiber
Polarization Mode Dispersion does not increase with signal frequency, shown
Polarization mode refers to the orientation of a in Figure19. This functionality makes optical fiber
light wave, relative to the fiber cross-section, as it ideal for transmitting high resolution video signals,
including 4K and beyond, over very long distances.
Figure 18.
Polarization Mode Dispersion Typically, attenuation in multimode fiber is less than
3dB/km at 850nm, while attenuation in singlemode
fiber is less than 1 dB/km at 1310 nm. Since
attenuation in RG6 coaxial cable is approximately
62dB/km at 100MHz, fiber is the optimal choice
for transmitting high resolution video over extreme
distances.
400 system.
300
3 dB/Km
200
1 dB/Km
100
In an attempt to improve the available loss budget reduced peak-to-peak amplitude without clearly
or compensate for poor receiver sensitivity, some defined logic levels. The corresponding eye
manufacturers design transmitters with output diagram is almost completely closed.
power that surpasses a receivers maximum input
rating. To avoid non-linear effects and potential Attenuation and Dispersion in Fiber Optic AV
equipment damage in these types of products, an System Design
inline optical attenuator may be required for shorter Attenuation and dispersion limit the maximum
fiber runs. transmission distance in a fiber optic system.
Manufacturers of fiber optic AV equipment specify
Extron fiber optic products are designed to achieve maximum transmission distances to account for
the full loss budget without exceeding the maximum dispersion effects within the fiber, avoiding the
input rating of fiber optic components, eliminating
the need for external attenuators.
Figure 20.
Pulse Spreading and Intersymbol Interference
How Dispersion Affects Fiber Optic
Transmission
Dispersion in fiber optic cable is similar to
capacitance in coaxial cabling. Pulse spreading
leads to intersymbol interference ISI, and limits
the distance a signal at a given data rate can travel
down a fiber. ISI occurs when adjacent pulses in a
digital signal overlap as shown in Figure20. A Original
waveform and 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
eye diagram
www.extron.com 17
Fiber Optic Tutorial
Figure 22.
A macrobend is a large bend in a fiber cable that
exceeds the allowable bend radius, and results
in attenuation due to less-than-total reflection
at the core-to-cladding boundary. Macrobends cause light to refract into the cladding, allowing
the light to escape as shown in Figure21. As a
Table 2. Design Considerations for AV Systems Using general rule, no fiber cable should be bent more
Coaxial and Fiber Optic Cables
than 20times the diameter of the cable.
Coaxial Cable Fiber Optic Cable
Cable runs can be up Cable runs can be up to Microbending is a result of microscopic
to a few hundred feet several miles depending imperfections in the geometry of the fiber.
depending on video on fiber type and data
resolution rate
Usually, microbends are caused by a kink in the
fiber cable due to mechanical stresses, pressure,
Attenuation Attenuation is constant
increases with over a wide frequency or twisting. Improperly applied cable clamps or
frequency range zip ties can cause kinks as shown in Figure22.
Attenuation Attenuation increases Proper cable management reduces the likelihood
increases with with cable length and is of this type of loss.
cable length and is specified as dB/km
specified as dB/ft
Modern Fiber Optic Cabling
Cable resistance Fiber attenuation
reduces signal level reduces light power
Bend-Insensitive Fiber
and intensity over level over long distances Despite the best efforts of system designers,
long distances integrators, and installers to provide proper
Cable capacitance Modal dispersion in cable management and handling, bends and
reduces rise time multimode fiber spreads other stresses in fiber optic cables do occur.
and sharpness over light pulses and reduces
long distances bandwidth In response, fiber manufacturers developed
bend-insensitive fiber that tolerates bends
Level and peaking Optical losses
compensate for are added up and and stresses without incurring additional losses.
resistance and compared to an optical Extron bend-insensitive fiber optic cables are
capacitance in long loss budget
available in both multimode and singlemode
cable runs
versions.
18 Extron Fiber Optic Design Guide
OM4 Laser Optimized Multimode Fiber can be being transmitted along one WBMMF to Time Division
OM4 laser optimized multimode fiber is a high- achieve a 40 Gbps data rate. Multiplexing TDM
performance fiber, designed for laser light
combines multiple
sources, such as VCSELs, which transmit data Multiplexing in Fiber Optic Systems
at rates up to 25Gbps over a single fiber. It has Time Division Multiplexing digital signals into a
a 50m core, and is manufactured to reduce Time Division Multiplexing TDM combines single, serial digital bit
modal dispersion when used with an 850 nm multiple digital signals into a single, serial digital stream.
laser light source. OM4 is the fiber of choice bit stream. A specialized circuit called a serializer
for 40Gbps and 100Gbps data transmission allocates parallel input streams into time slots in
standards that use multi-fiber ribbon cables the serial output. In a fiber optic system, the serial
with each fiber transmitting data at rates up to bit stream is transmitted as a single wavelength
25 Gbps. OM4 fiber also has the capacity to down a single fiber. On the other end of the
transmit high resolution, digital video signals over channel, a deserializer reconstructs the original
very long distances. parallel signal from the serial bit stream, shown
in Figure 23. Bidirectional communications in
Wideband Multimode Fiber a single wavelength fiber optic system using
Wideband Multimode Fiber WBMMF, as TDM typically requires two fibers one for each
defined by the ANSI/TIA-492AAAE standard, direction.
enables high-speed data transmission at
wavelengths in the range from 850 nm to 953 Wavelength Division Multiplexing
nm, compared to OM4 which is only defined for Wavelength Division Multiplexing WDM refers
use at 850 nm. WBMMF has an effective modal to transmitting two or more optical signals
bandwidth of at least 4700 MHz-km at 850 nm at different wavelengths along a single fiber.
to maintain backwards compatibility with OM4 Multiple wavelengths traveling down a single
fiber, and an effective modal bandwidth of at least fiber is similar to multiple radio signals traveling
2470 MHz-km at 953 nm for Short Wavelength through the air at different frequencies. Although
Division Multiplexing SWDM. SWDM is the the various light signals occupy the same
combining of multiple signals, typically four, physical space within the fiber, each wavelength
onto a multimode fiber. Each signal operates can carry a different signal that is independent
at a unique wavelength in the range of 850 nm of the other wavelengths. Additionally, the
to 953 nm. For example, four 10 Gbps signals different wavelengths can travel in the same or
Figure 23.
Serializer Deserializer
1
Serializer
2
3 2 1
3
1
Deserializer
2
3 2 1
3
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Fiber Optic Tutorial
O-to-E E-to-O
Output A Converter Converter Input A
Multiple
Wavelengths
Over a Single Fiber
opposite directions, enabling bidirectional optical and its spectral width. In a WDM system, if the
communications over a single fiber as shown in transmitted wavelengths of two lasers overlap,
Figure24. there is potential for interference and a reduced
signal-to-noise ratio SNR. Therefore, it is vital
WDM can be used for any application where that the spacing between wavelengths in this
multiple signals are transmitted over fiber type of system be sufficient to reduce interference
optic cabling. The signals can be completely between adjacent signals and to provide an
independent, such as different channels in a acceptable SNR.
cable television environment, bidirectional USB
or RS-232 signals, components of a multi-lane Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing
HDMI or DVI signal, or any combination of these. Coarse wavelength division multiplexing
As long as each signal is applied to a different CWDM is the transmission of up to 18different
wavelength, there is virtually no interference optical signals down a singlemode fiber at
between signals. wavelengths defined by ITU-T G.694.2. The
wavelengths are spaced at 20 nm intervals
However, in practical WDM systems, from 1271nm through 1611nm as shown in
semiconductor lasers transmit signals over Figure 25. A special device called a CWDM
a range of wavelengths rather than a single multiplexer combines the multiple wavelengths
wavelength. This range of wavelengths is onto a single optical fiber. CWDM has also been
characterized by a lasers nominal wavelength used generically to refer to any WDM signal
Figure 25. transmission with greater than 20nm channel
CWDM Wavelengths with 20 nm Channel Spacing spacing between wavelengths. For the purpose
of this Fiber Optic Design Guide, CWDM refers
to the ITU standard definition, and WDM refers
to the generic term of transmitting multiple
wavelengths along an optical fiber.
Optical Power
installation.
Panel
Patch Patch
Panel Panel
Plenum-rated Cable
Dropped Ceiling Dropped Ceiling
Patch Patch
Panel Panel
Patch
Panel Patch
Raised Floor
Horizontal Cable
Panel
Riser-rated Cable
Splice Splice
Box Box
Outdoor Cable
Since CWDM wavelengths are not compatible telecom and data networks. A DWDM systems
with optical amplifiers, these types of systems extremely tight channel spacing requires very
are limited to a maximum transmission distance stable lasers with precision temperature controls.
of approximately 60km (37.28miles). Tending to be very costly, DWDM systems are not
used in standard AV applications.
DFB lasers are used to create the fiber optic
signal for CWDM applications. The narrow Fiber Optic Cable Construction
spectral width reduces interference between The Fiber Plant
channels. The diffraction grating within the A typical fiber plant for a multi-building campus is
device structure enables tuning a DFB laser to a shown in Figure26. The plant includes all installed
specific ITUCWDM wavelength. Because CWDM fiber, splices, patch panels, and connectors in a
requires the use of DFB lasers, the components structured cabling installation. Multiple types of
are more costly than those used in single fiber can be used in the plant, depending on the
wavelength systems. Figure 27.
Splice Tray
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Dense wavelength division multiplexing
DWDM is the transmission of multiple optical
wavelengths with very tight channel spacing for
up to 160 channels at wavelengths between
1525 nm and 1610 nm. DWDM wavelengths
are compatible with optical amplifiers and other
components, and are used in ultra-long haul
www.extron.com 21
Fiber Optic Tutorial
Buffer Coating
Glass Fiber
Cladding
Loose Tube Ribbon Cable Loose Tube Cable
Core
location, with splice boxes and patch panels equipment. When routed through ceiling and floor
providing convenient connection points for spaces with air ducts, cables must be plenum
transitioning from one type of cable to another. rated. Raised flooring is often used in equipment
rooms to conveniently route horizontal cables.
Outdoor cables designed for harsh environments Cables routed through raised flooring are usually
provide building-to-building connections. A required to be plenum-rated. When in doubt,
transition from outdoor cabling to indoor cabling plenum-rated cables are recommended. For a
is accomplished shortly after the outside cable detailed discussion on standards for plenum or
enters the building. Individual fibers of the outdoor riser ratings, please refer to the Standards for
cables are spliced onto fibers of indoor cables. Fiber Optic Cables section later in this guide.
Splices are protected in a special enclosure called
a splice box that contains one or more splice Basic Fiber Construction
trays, shown in Figure27. A common myth concerning fiber optic cable is
that it is fragile, requiring delicate handling due to
Riser-rated fiber cables are routed between its glass core. The reality is that fiber optic cables
floors to provide connections from a splice box are designed to be as rugged as, or even more
to an equipment room, from an equipment room rugged than, coaxial cabling.
to patch panels, and between patch panels.
Patch panels provide expedient connection for Fiber optic cables used in AV applications are
horizontal cabling. strengthened with Kevlar, the material used by
the military and law enforcement for body armor.
Horizontal cabling provides connection from Kevlar is the aramid yarn that forms the strength
a patch panel to end user or networking members of fiber optic cables. It absorbs most
Thermoplastic
Tube
Moisture
Blocking Gel
Multiple Breakout Cable Distribution Cable
250 Micron
Fibers
Loose Tube Detail
22 Extron Fiber Optic Design Guide
of the strain on the fiber, especially during pulling, combat situations to provide a highly reliable Duplex, simplex, and
see Figure 28. The outer jacket provides an communications link. Broadcasters use tactical breakout cables are
additional layer of protection for the entire cable. fiber cables to provide a rugged, high bandwidth
commonly terminated
link between cameras and the broadcast truck for
Fiber optic cables, like coaxial cables, are sporting events and electronic news gathering. A by installers for
available in many types and sizes to address a rugged polyurethane outer jacket and aramid yarn interfacing to AV
wide variety of applications. Cables are available strength members provide superior protection equipment.
for both indoor and outdoor use, including direct from being run over by broadcast vehicles and
burial. They can be plenum- or riser- rated, and military support equipment.
can have from one to hundreds of fibers per
cable. Indoor Cables
Since AV systems are typically installed within
Outdoor Cables the interior of buildings, AV installers generally
Outdoor cables are designed to withstand work with indoor cable constructions. Fiber optic
rough handling, adverse weather, and harsh cables for indoor applications are available as
environments. The typical outdoor fiber optic plenum-rated and riser-rated cables, for installing
cable uses loose tube construction as shown in air spaces, walls, or between floors. Indoor
in Figures 29 and 30. The glass fibers are cable is usually constructed with a tight buffer,
well protected from moisture, stresses due to as shown in Figure31, with one or more fibers.
installation, and other hazards. The tubes and
fibers are color-coded for easy identification In AV systems, installers are typically involved with
during installation. Cables may be designed for point-to-point, interface, and horizontal cabling.
aerial installation from telephone poles or for Duplex and simplex cables are often used in
direct burial. Direct burial cables may also include point-to-point and as interface connections
an armor jacket for protection from rodents. between transceivers. Simplex cables are also
used for patch cables. A breakout cable provides
Rugged Tactical Fiber Cables individually jacketed fibers for easier termination
Tactical cables are very strong cables with and routing of each fiber into a switching station
ruggedized connectors, and are used by the or to end user equipment. Duplex, simplex, and
military and broadcasters, shown in Figure32. breakout cables are commonly terminated by
The military uses tactical fiber cables in installers for interfacing to AV equipment.
Figure 32.
Applications for Tactical Fiber Cables
www.extron.com 23
Notes
Basic Fiber Optic AV System These early attempts at employing fiber optic Transmitters
A simple fiber optic system for extending high technology suffered from poor signal quality due support digital
resolution video, audio, and control signals is to optical losses and non-linearity in fiber optic
formats, including
shown in Figure 1. The transmitter converts the systems. Losses in fiber optic cables degraded
video signal from the laptop into a series of light the signaltonoise ratio and made cable DisplayPort, HDMI,
pulses. The light pulses travel down the optical compensation difficult. The optical-to-electrical DVI, and 3G-SDI,
fiber cable to the receiver, which converts the O-to-E conversion process also introduced or analog formats
light pulses back to a video signal for the display. non-linear effects that further distorted analog
such as RGBHV,
Transmitters support digital formats, including signals. Digital transmission eliminates these
DisplayPort, HDMI, DVI, and 3G-SDI, or analog adverse effects. HD component, and
formats such as RGBHV, HD component, and standard definition
standard definition video. If an analog format is Converting Video, Audio, and Control Signals video.
used, the transmitter converts the analog signal into an Optical Signal
to a digital signal before sending it down the fiber. An optical transmitter converts electrical signals,
including video, audio, and/or control, into one
How Fiber Optic AV Transmitters and or more serial digital streams of light pulses
Receivers Work for transmission along optical fiber. Common
Analog vs. Digital Transmission multiplexing techniques include time division
Current fiber optic extenders, such as the multiplexing TDM and wavelength division
Extron FOX Series, digitize analog video and multiplexing WDM.
audio signals prior to optical conversion. Digital
transmission avoids the effects fiber optic losses Time Division Multiplexing
and nonlinearity can have on analog signals. A transmitter can use TDM to combine multiple
Extrons all-digital technology ensures pixel-for- signals into a serial digital stream. Video, audio,
pixel performance for high resolution DisplayPort, and control signals are multiplexed and serialized
HDMI, DVI, 3G-SDI signals, USB, RGBHV, HD in the electrical domain. The serial digital stream is
component video, and standard definition converted to an optical signal using an electrical-
composite, component, and S-video. to-optical converter.
First generation fiber optic extenders from other The transmitter in Figure 2 accepts DVI video,
companies used a direct conversion of analog stereo audio, and RS-232 control signals.
video signals to analog fiber optic signals. The multiplexer combines the signals as a
Figure 1.
Basic Fiber Optic AV System
TouchLink Pro
Control System
Doc
Laptop PC DVD VCR Tuner 123
Cam
Display Volume
Tuner
On
Channel Presets
1 2 3
Off
4 5 6
Mute Mute
Room
7 8 9
Control Last
More
Screen 0 Enter Presets
Extron
Extron SM 28
TCP/IP Speakers
Extron XPA 1002
POWER
COM 1
Tx Rx G RTS CTS
VOL
COM 2
Tx Rx G
RELAYS
1
DIGITAL I/O
2 3
eBUS
4 G
IR/S
IPCP PRO 250 Stereo Power Amplifier
12V
--A MAX V C G 1 2 C +V +S -S G
Receiver
1 2 10V 50 mA
FOXBOX Tx VGA/YUV Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
RGB
Tx Rx CONFIG
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
RGB/
YUV
CONFIG
FOXBOX Rx VGA OPTICAL
Fiber Cable
www.extron.com 25
Fiber Optic AV Signal Distribution
A-to-D D-to-A
AUDIO Converter Converter AUDIO
Transmitter Receiver
serial stream of digital pulses. An electrical-to- In a TDM system, each fiber carries one optical
optical EtoO converter changes the digital signal at a single wavelength. Therefore,
pulses to light pulses at a single wavelength for bidirectional communication typically requires two
transmission down a single fiber. fibers one for each direction.
DVI - TMDS 2
E-to-O O-to-E
Converter Converter DVI - TMDS 2
DVI - TMDS 0
E-to-O O-to-E
Converter Converter DVI - TMDS 0
Transmitter Receiver
Multiple
Wavelengths
Over a Single Fiber
demultiplexer separates the optical signals and WDM system. For example, TDM can be used to
sends each to a different O-to-E converter. combine TMDS signals onto a single wavelength,
completely eliminating the effects of skew.
The advantage of this approach is that the Additional wavelengths are utilized for bidirectional
individual signals are converted directly to an control, Ethernet, and other signals.
optical signal without the need for a serializer
or deserializer. WDM transmitters and receivers How Fiber Optic AV Distribution
use less power and generate less heat than TDM Systems Work
transmitters and receivers. Electrical vs. Optical Distribution
Switching, splitting, and distributing fiber optic
However, WDM matrix switchers tend to consume AV signals can be performed completely in
more power and generate more heat. The need the optical domain or in the electrical domain.
for multiple conversions and additional switch Distribution systems operating in the purely
paths for each input and output of a WDM matrix optical domain are referred to as OOO systems
switcher increases the amount of circuitry, while
a fiber optic matrix switcher in a TDM system
Figure 4 .
requires less. WDM matrix switchers also tend to 1x8 Optical Splitter
be much larger and occupy more rack space.
Output 1
-14 dBm
-3 dB
One additional consideration when using WDM to Output 2
-14 dBm
transmit multi-lane signals such as DisplayPort, Output 3
-14 dBm
HDMI, or DVI, is skew caused by the various -3 dB -3 dB
Output 4
-14 dBm
wavelengths propagating at different speeds Input
-5 dBm -3 dB
Output 5
along the fiber. This is similar to skew created by -3 dB -3 dB
-14 dBm
Output 6
varying twist ratios in Category cable. In WDM -14 dBm
www.extron.com 27
Fiber Optic AV Signal Distribution
optical input, optical distribution, and optical The primary disadvantage of OOO distribution
output. Optical distribution systems operating systems is the reduction in optical power when
in the electrical domain are referred to as OEO distributing a signal to multiple outputs. Each time
systems optical input, electrical distribution, an optical signal is split, the output is reduced by
and optical output. at least 3 dB as shown in Figure 4.
LINK
Full Optical
FOX Matrix 3200 Loss Budget
Modular Fiber Optic Matrix Switcher The main advantage of OEO distribution over an
OOO system is the preservation of the loss budget.
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
1-8
A B C D E F G H
ANAHEIM, CA
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
9 - 16
A B C D E F G H
A B C D E F G H
100-240V 50/60Hz 1.2A MAX. PRIMARY POWER SUPPLY REDUNDANT POWER SUPPLY
RESET
RS-232/RS-422
REDUNDANT
CORDS BEFORE SERVICING
DISCONNECT BOTH POWER
REMOTE
TRI-LEVEL BI-LEVEL
PRIMARY
LAN
ACT
SWITCH
100-240V 50/60Hz 1.2A MAX.
REFERENCE
Full Optical
Loss Budget Figure6. The output power is typically at the same
level as the original transmitter, even for signals that
are multicast to more than a single output.
Tx Rx OUTPUTS
POWER
12V HDMI AUDIO
LINK
LINK
FOXBOX SR HDMI
Fiber Optic Scaling Receiver
distribution amplifiers
50Hz DIGITAL HDMI LOOP THRU ADJUST
AUDIO
EDID MINDER
HDCP
HDMI
AUDIO
VIDEO
HDCP
CONFIG
AUDIO
CONFIG
1 2
60Hz ANALOG
FOXBOX Tx HDMI MENU ENTER
FOXBOX SR HDMI
Tx Rx
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN MM R
POWER FOXBOX Tx HDMI Tx Rx OUTPUTS
12V POWER
RS-232 HDMI AUDIO
LINK
LINK
12V AUDIO
1-8
LINK
LINK
1.0 A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 REMOTE
1.0 A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
implement reclocking
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN SM R
9 - 16
A B C D E F G H
17 - 24
FOX Tx DVI Plus A B C D E F G H
Transmitter
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN SM R
FOXBOX Rx HDMI
25 - 32
of digital signals to
Multimode A B C D E F G H Receiver
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN MM R
Multimode
33 - 40
Tx Rx
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
DVI
CONFIG
AUDIO
HDCP
A B C D E F G H
HDMI
FOXBOX Tx DVI Plus OPTICAL CONFIG
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN SM R
41 - 48
POWER
12V FOXBOX Rx HDMI
DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
LINK
LINK
FOXBOX Tx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
49 - 56
OFF
A B C D E F G H
FOXBOX Rx VGA
the digital signal,
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN SM R
Transmitter
65 - 72
Receiver
Multimode
A B C D E F G H
AUTO STATUS
REMOTE
LAN SWITCH REFERENCE Singlemode
1 2 3
SWITCH 1 2 3
CONFIG SIGNAL
POWER MODE RGB OUTPUT
12V
HDCP ON AUDIO RS-232
RS232/RS422 ACT LINK RESET BI-LEVEL TRI-LEVEL
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
MODE NORMAL AUTO FOX T USW 103
maintaining signal
1 2
LINK
RS-232
0.7 A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM CONTACT RS-232
Tx Rx
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
RGB
RGB/R-Y, Y, B-Y HDMI HDMI AUDIO Tx Rx G 1 2 1 2 3 G Tx Rx G CONFIG
OPTICAL
REDUNDANT
100-240V
50/60Hz FOXBOX Rx VGA OPTICAL
1.2A MAX.
PRIMARY
100-240V
ANAHEIM, CA
system.
POWER
12V MODE DVI-D OUTPUT AUDIO RS-232
Tx Rx 1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
ON
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
RGB/
YUV
1 2
CONFIG
Singlemode Multimode
FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
DVI
POWER RGB/YUV INPUT
12V CONFIG
AUDIO RS-232
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
FOXBOX Tx VGA/YUV Tx Rx 1 2
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
The disadvantage to an OEO system is that defined by the endpoints the transmitter and
multiple conversions between the optical and receiver. This also enables the upgrading of
electrical domains, without regenerating or sources and displays with minimal impact on the
reclocking, may contribute jitter. Typically, it switching and routing system.
takes two to three OEO conversions before jitter
becomes a problem. Extron FOX Series matrix High speed digital routers in TDM systems
switchers, switchers, and distribution amplifiers operate efficiently and typically use less power
implement reclocking of digital signals to restore than a WDM router. The efficient design also
and reshape the digital signal, maintaining signal enables the router to occupy less rack space. For
integrity throughout the system. example, an Extron FOX Matrix 14400 144x144
fiber optic matrix switcher occupies eight rack
Since multicasting, switching, and routing are units, compared to 16 rack units for an alternative
common requirements for larger AV systems, design that uses WDM signaling as shown in
most fiber optic AV systems use OEO distribution Figure8.
and routing to avoid the optical losses in an OOO
Figure 8.
distribution system.
Relative size of Matrix Switchers
can be independent of the underlying video System (A) System (B) System (C)
TDM WDM w/ WDM w/
format as shown in Figure 7. AV signals are Design Bidirectional Unidirectional
Signal Signal
www.extron.com 29
Fiber Optic AV Signal Distribution
Switching and Routing Fiber Optic WDM WDM systems are ideal in moderately sized
AV Signals applications that require both local and fiber
In a WDM system, the optical fiber is carrying optic inputs and outputs within the matrix router.
multiple signals, each at a different wavelength. However, TDM is favored in larger systems with
In order to create an OEO matrix switcher, a large number and variety of input and outputs.
each matrix input and output resembles a fiber For example, the Extron XTPSeries provides
optic receiver and transmitter, requiring multiple up to a 64x64 modular digital matrix switcher
converters along with a WDM multiplexer / that provides high performance switching of
demultiplexer as shown in Figure9. So the actual video, audio, bidirectional control, and Ethernet.
switch fabric is a matrix switcher for the native Fiber optic input and output boards use WDM
format of the AV signal. As a result, the switching to enable bidirectional communications over
system must handle a larger number of signals a single fiber. XTP input and output boards are
in the electrical domain than does a TDM router. also available to support local video and audio
However, the availability of the native AV signal connections, as well as signal extension over
enables local inputs and outputs. CATx cable. The XTPSeries can extend signals
over OM4 multimode fiber up to 700 meters
Figure 10.
Bidirectional Signals in a TDM Matrix Switcher (2,297 feet) or over singlemode fiber up to 10
km (6.21 miles). Alternatively, Extron FOXSeries
fiber optic matrix switchers use TDM. They are
O-to-E O-to-E
Port 1 Port 2 available in sizes from 8x8 up to 1000x1000 and
E-to-O E-to-O
larger, and support a wide variety of digital and
Input 3 O-to-E E-to-O Output 3
analog video formats, as well as audio, control,
Port 4
O-to-E O-to-E
Port 5
and USB signals. Mutlimode and singlemode
E-to-O Switch Fabric E-to-O
NxN fiber optic boards are available, as well as boards
Input 6 O-to-E E-to-O Output 6 for local 3G-SDI connections. The FOX Series
can extend signals up to 2 km (1.25 miles) over
OM4 multimode fiber or up to 30 km (18.75
Input N O-to-E E-to-O Output N miles) over singlemode fiber.
O-to-E E-to-O
Input N O-to-E E-to-O Output N
WDM O-to-E E-to-O WDM
MUX O-to-E E-to-O MUX
O-to-E E-to-O
E-to-O O-to-E
Switching and Routing Bidirectional Signals and bidirectional control signals on a single
Bidirectional signals, such as USB, RS-232, fiber is shown in Figure 11. Although only a
or Ethernet, are used in a wide variety of AV single fiber is used to carry the optical signal,
applications. For example, the system shown additional converters are required to handle
in Figure12 enables an operator to control two the bidirectional data. Input and output port
computers with a single keyboard and mouse. designations are typically fixed in a WDM
The keyboard and mouse connect through the matrix switcher.
matrix to the selected host computers USB port.
Special care must be taken to ensure bidirectional Passive Optical Networks
communication is handled properly. A passive optical network PON is a fiber optic
network architecture that uses non-powered
In a TDM system, which uses a single optical components to distribute signals to
wavelength over a single fiber, two fibers are multiple destinations as shown in Figure 13. The
needed for applications that require bidirectional
Figure 12.
communication. In this configuration, each
KVM Application with TDM Matrix Switcher
bidirectional duplex port operates as either an
input or output port, as shown in Figure 10.
Extron Extron
The duplex signals are switched together. In FOXBOX Tx DVI Plus
Tx Rx
FOXBOX SR HDMI
POWER
12V
Tx Rx
HDMI AUDIO
OUTPUTS
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
RS-232 REMOTE
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
POWER
12V DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
PC
Extron OUT
A
IN OUT
B
IN OUT
C
IN OUT
D
IN OUT
E
IN OUT
F
IN OUT
G
IN OUT
H
IN
POWER Tx Rx
1 3
12V
OUTPUTS
1.0A MAX
Tx Rx OPTICAL
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
A B C D E F G H
DVI
Extron
CONFIG
100-240V 50/60Hz 1.2A MAX. PRIMARY POWER SUPPLY REDUNDANT POWER SUPPLY
RESET
RS-232/RS-422
REDUNDANT
CORDS BEFORE SERVICING
DISCONNECT BOTH POWER
REMOTE
of switching resources.
TRI-LEVEL BI-LEVEL
POWER
12V DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
LINK
PRIMARY
LAN
ACT
PC
Extron
FOX Matrix 3200
Extron
Bidirectional signaling in a WDM system FOX T USB Extender Plus
HOST OPTICAL
Terminal or Node
head of the network represents the data center Typical PON Implementation
or service provider. The optical access network is A typical PON implementation is shown in
a collection of optical distribution networks, each Figure 14. At the network head, the optical line
of which connects a single fiber from the head to terminal OLT provides a connection from the
one or more terminals or nodes. service providers core network to the optical
distribution network. Downstream, signals are
An optical distribution network contains only sent from the OLT to one or more destinations
passive, non-powered optical components, through an optical splitter.
eliminating the need to remotely power devices.
PON designs are the preferred architecture At the terminal end, an optical network unit (ONU)
for fiber-to-the-premises FTTx networks, receives and processes the downstream signal
delivering voice, data, and video services from before sending the information to the terminal
CATV companies and other providers to homes equipment. Using the same fiber cable, the
and businesses. ONU transmits responses and requests from
Figure 14.
Typical PON Implementation
Optical
Line ONU TE
Terminal Optical Distribution Optical
Network Splitter
Core
Network OLT ONU TE
Upstream Downstream
ONU TE
Optical CWDM/
Line DWDM ONU TE
Terminal Optical Distribution DEMUX
Network
Core
Network OLT ONU TE
Upstream Downstream
ONU TE
IEEE 802.3 EPON / GEPON 1 Gb/s Ethernet PON Standard Gigabit Ethernet GBE frames with symmetric 1
Gbps upstream and downstream rates
IEEE 802.3 10G-EPON 10 Gbps Ethernet PON Simultaneous GBE and 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10GBE down-
stream on two wavelengths, with simultaneous GBE and
10GBE upstream on a shared 1310 nm channel
ITU-T G.983 APON ATM PON First PON standard based on asynchronous transfer mode
ATM
ITU-T G.983 BPON Broadband PON An improved version of the APON standard with higher
performance
ITU-T G.984 GPON Gigabit PON An evolution of the BPON standard to enable a downstream
rate of 2.488 Gbps and an upstream rate of 1.244Gbps
ITU-T G.987 XG-PON 10 Gbps PON Extends GPON performance to 10 Gbps downstream and
2.5 Gbps upstream
ITU-T G.989 NG-PON2 40 Gbps PON Extends PON performance to 40Gbps downstream and
10Gbps upstream
www.extron.com 33
Fiber Optic AV Signal Distribution
Fiber Termination
There is a common misconception that
terminating optical fiber is time consuming and
34 Extron Fiber Optic Design Guide
requires highly specialized skills. Today, fiber Figure 19. The Extron Fiber
Extron Fiber Optic Termination Kit
termination systems have been developed that Optic Termination
require very little training, and produce high
Kit enables quick,
quality fiber connections in less time than it takes
to terminate a coaxial cable. Three common
reliable termination
termination methods are available to installers: of Extron multimode
and singlemode fiber
Pre-polished connector systems
optic cables with
Epoxy and polish fiber termination
Splice-on pigtail connectors high-performance,
Stripping and Cleaning the Fiber pre-polished
Pre-Polished Connector Systems The cable is marked according to a template connectors.
Fiber optic termination kits for modern pre- to ensure that the proper amount of covering
polished connector systems enable installers, material is removed. Stripping a fiber optic cable
who have never worked with optical fiber, to is performed in three steps to remove the outer
become proficient at terminating fiber optic jacket, the buffer coating, and the acrylate coating
cables in a short amount of time. These newer to expose the bare fiber. A lint-free wipe with
fiber termination systems are ideal for AV fiber cleaning fluid or isopropyl alcohol is used to
installers who need to add connectors quickly remove dirt, debris, and oil from the bare fiber.
when installing AV fiber optic equipment. Insertion
losses for modern fiber termination systems are Cleaving the Fiber
approximately 0.2 dB, or a maximum of 0.5 dB The process of cleaving the fiber is the most
for systems using a precision cleaver. important step in achieving a low-loss, high
quality termination. A precision fiber optic cleaver
The Extron Fiber Optic Termination Kit shown as shown in Figure 20 consistently produces a
in Figure 19 enables quick, reliable termination clean, flat fiber end. An installer easily can achieve
of Extron multimode and singlemode fiber optic a low insertion loss of 0.2 dB to 0.5 dB using
cables with high-performance, pre-polished a precision cleaver. A precision cleaver is highly
connectors. Each kit includes all of the tools and recommended for singlemode or laser-optimized
equipment needed to strip, prepare, cleave, and multimode fiber termination.
terminate a fiber optic cable using Extron Quick
LC Fiber Optic Connectors. The kit includes a The Extron Fiber Optic Termination Kit includes
VFL - Visual Fault Locator to assist with proper a precision cleaver that scribes and cleaves
termination of fiber optic cables. the fiber in a single step. A scrap collection bin
www.extron.com 35
Fiber Optic AV Signal Distribution
The Extron Fiber Figure 22. of only 1,000 operations before needing to be
Extron Quick LC Connector
Optic Termination replaced. A staple cleaver is not recommended
for singlemode fiber or laser optimized multimode
Kit includes a VFL to
fiber used in high speed networks, such as an AV
provide an indication of network.
a good termination.
Terminating the Fiber
Field termination systems provide a variety of
methods to complete fiber termination. Field
systems use connectors that are pre-polished,
attached to the cleaver receives the glass shard with a small fiber stub and index-matching gel
for easy cleanup. The 16-position precision blade inside the connector. The connection between
is rated at 48,000 operations and is replaceable. the bare fiber and the fiber stub is similar to
making a mechanical splice in a fiber optic cable.
Inexpensive termination kits typically include Some kits require special tools, while others
a staple cleaver or pocket cleaver as shown in provide switches, clips, or crimps to terminate
Figure 21. Staple cleavers are generally used in fiber in the field.
the process of terminating multimode fibers for
low-speed data networks. The cleaver blade Using the Extron fiber termination system, the
scores the fiber. The operator holds the fiber in fiber end is inserted into the connector body of
place while bending the flexible tail to snap off the Quick LC Connector shown in Figure 22. The
the fiber end. Care must be taken to ensure glass wedge clip is disengaged and a V clamp inside of
shards are collected and disposed of properly. A the connector aligns and holds the fiber. A strain
fiber scope should be used to check the cleaved relief boot ensures that the aramid yarn absorbs
fiber before completing the termination. Skilled any stresses to protect the fiber termination point.
technicians can achieve terminations that exhibit
an insertion loss of 0.5 dB to 0.75 dB. A VFL as shown in Figure 23 is recommended
when terminating a fiber optic cable. The Extron
However, a staple cleaver can produce Fiber Optic Termination Kit includes a VFL to
inconsistent results and requires more frequent provide an indication of a good termination.
servicing than a precision cleaver. The quality is Extron Quick LC connectors provide an indicator
dependent upon the skill of the operator and the window on the wedge clip to indicate a good
condition of the blade. Each blade is capable connection as shown in Figure 24.
Figure 24.
Figure 23. Wedge Clip Indicator Ensures a Good
Visual Fault Locator Termination
VFL 101
HOLD
1 sec
2 11
2 11
Pre-Polished Pre-Polished
Connector Connector Epoxy and Polish Splice-on
System with System with Connectors Connectors
Staple Cleaver Precision Cleaver
Skill Level Low Low High High
Termination Time < 3 minutes < 3 minutes > 5 minutes < 3 minutes
Per Connector
Application Multimode Fiber All Fiber Types All Fiber Types All Fiber Types
Only
www.extron.com 37
Fiber Optic AV Signal Distribution
Fiber Optic Adapters LC, or Lucent Connector A push/pull- Color Codes for Cables and Connectors
type connector with a 1.25 mm ferrule, To avoid operator error and reduce the
which is quickly becoming a standard as the
chance of mismatch, color codes are
smaller form factor works well in networking
environments. often used to indicate the type of fiber
and the type of connector. Common
ST and SC connectors were very popular in color codes used for indoor fiber optic
LC - SC LC-LC
data centers, but are being replaced by the LC cables and pre-polished connectors are
connector. The smaller size of the LC enables provided below.
more connections in a smaller space, which
results in a smaller footprint for patch panels Jacket Color Fiber Type
and switch bays. Low insertion loss enables Orange OM1 or OM2 Multimode
Yellow OS1 or OS2 Singlemode
long transmission distances and provides a high
Aqua OM3 or OM4 Laser
quality connection. Also, multi-fiber connectors Optimized Multimode
are becoming popular, such as the Multi-fiber Red OS1 or OS2 Singlemode
ST - ST ST - FC Push-On MPO connector to terminate up Blue Polarization Maintaining
Singlemode Fiber
to a 12-fiber ribbon cable. The MPO is also the
standard connector for ultra high speed 40 Gbps
and 100 Gbps data networks. Connector Connector and Polish
Color Fiber Type Type
Mechanical Splicing
Mechanical splicing is similar to the pre-polished
connector systems for fiber termination, and
requires a much lower investment of $400 to $600
for a fiber splice tool kit. A mechanical splicer uses
a small enclosure filled with index matching gel
that holds two fibers in alignment as shown in
Figure26. Joining two fibers is quick and easy,
and produces a high quality connection with an
www.extron.com 39
Fiber Optic AV Signal Distribution
Fiber optic power measure received power or loss at the opposite for the type of multimode fiber in the reference
meters, such as the end. The optical link must include only passive cable and is used with an LED light source.
optical components, such as connectors, fiber Bending of the fiber around the mandrel causes
Extron FPM101,
optic cable, attenuators, or optical splitters. these loosely coupled modes to attenuate via a
provide reading loss macrobend loss as shown in Figure27, improving
indB. Alternatively, an OTDR performs as both the light the accuracy of loss measurements. Mandrel
source and measurement device from one end wrapping produces sufficiently accurate and
of the cable. It sends an optical pulse down a repeatable results for networks with loss budgets
fiber cable, relying on light scattering in the cable that are greater than a few decibels.
to create reflections. As the pulse travels down
the fiber, scattering continuously causes light to For high speed networks running above 10Gbps,
reflect back up the cable. The OTDR measures lower loss budgets require a more accurate and
the reflected light, and displays the results in an repeatable method for measuring loss. In the
OTDR trace as shown in Figure34. The trace most recent standards, the encircled flux launch
represents a map of the fiber cable, including loss condition replaces the use of an LED light source
in fiber segments, connectors, splices, bends, and a mandrel wrap for mode conditioning.
and other losses. Encircled flux refers to the launch spot size of the
light source and the distribution of light power in
Launch Reference Cable and Mode the fiber core. The mode controller producing the
Conditioning encircled flux launch condition may be built into
The accuracy and repeatability of loss the light source or may be an external device with
measurements are highly dependent on the an attached launch cable. With the proper mode
launch condition of the light entering the fiber link conditioning, the light source can be either an
under test. In order to create a common launch LED or laser. Encircled flux mode conditioning for
condition for loss measurements, international multimode fiber applies to testing with either an
standards specify the use of a launch reference optical loss test set or an OTDR.
cable with the appropriate mode conditioning, if
required, applied to the cable. Mode conditioning System designs that include the appropriate
may rely upon bend loss to create a standard safety margin in the loss budget can use either
launch condition. Therefore, bend-insensitive fiber the mandrel or encircled flux method for mode
is typically not used in reference cables. conditioning when used with a light source and
power meter. If testing to a particular standard
Multimode launch cables may include a mandrel or customer requirement, choose the specified
wrap to remove loosely coupled modes. The method. If using the latest standards or using
mandrel wrap must be of the appropriate size an OTDR per the latest standards for certifying
a multimode fiber plant, a mode controller that
Figure 27.
Mode Conditioning Removes Loosely Coupled Modes produces the encircled flux launch condition
should be used.
Overfill Launch Higher Order Modes
Condition Stripped Off
Singlemode fiber launch cables used with
an optical loss test set also require mode
Overfill Launch conditioning. Singlemode fiber may include
Condition
Mandrel loosely coupled modes that die out after a few
meters of fiber. However, they can propagate
through short lengths of fiber, such as those used
Bending Loss Affects for launch reference cables, and cause an error in
Loosely Coupled Modes
loss measurements. A three to four-inch loop is
40 Extron Fiber Optic Design Guide
Figure 28. Figure 29. The one-cable method
One-Cable Method Two-Cable Method
is the preferred
Launch
Reference
Cable Mode
Launch
Reference
Cable Mode Receive
method for setting
Conditioning Conditioning Reference
the reference and is
Mandrel Mandrel
(for Multimode) (for Multimode) Cable
b c
Coupling
required by
a
9V
b a d TIA/EIA-568-C.0.
9V
850nm 1300nm 1310nm 1550nm
850nm 1300nm 1310nm 1550nm
Set
dB Set
850nm 1310nm Ref
dBm
1300nm 1550nm dB
850nm 1310nm Ref
dBm
MM SM 1300nm 1550nm
Extron FPM 101 MM SM
FIBER POWER METER
Tone FPM 101
FIBER POWER METER
Fiber Optic
Tone
POWER
Fiber Optic
POWER POWER
placed in the launch cable to ensure these modes the reference one-cable method, two-cable
are removed, eliminating the potential error. method, and three-cable method. Each method
Singlemode launch cables used for OTDR testing requires a different number of reference cables
are much longer so the loosely coupled modes and produces different measurement results, so
die out quickly. Therefore, testing singlemode it is important to document the selected method.
fiber with an OTDR does not require any mode The appropriate method is based upon the
conditioning. compatibility between the link connectors and
test set connectors.
Using an Optical Loss Test Set
Loss testing is performed after setting the 0 dB One-Cable Method
reference point using the appropriate method. The one-cable method is the preferred method
Fiber optic power meters, such as the Extron for setting the reference and is required by TIA/
FPM 101, provide reading loss in dB. Otherwise, EIA-568-C.0. Most loss budget specifications
the reference power value must be recorded in and calculations assume that the one-cable
dBm, and the loss must be calculated by taking method is used to set the reference.
the difference between the measured power and
the reference power. The launch reference cable is connected directly
between the light source and the power meter
Two methods are available for testing insertion as shown in Figure 28. The zero reference is set
loss in fiber optic cables with an optical loss test per the power meter manufacturers instructions.
set. The method for testing an installed cable The loss in the actual fiber for the reference
plant is specified in TIA526-14 for multimode cable should be negligible, given its relatively
fiber and TIA 526-7 for singlemode fiber. The short length.
difference between the two methods is the
choice of wavelengths. TIA FOTP-171 specifies The one-cable method requires the same
the method for testing patch cords. connector to be used on the reference cable,
power meter, and link under test. If the connectors
TIA 526-14 and TIA 526-7 Installed Cable on the test equipment are not the same as the
Plant Test fiber link under test, either the two-cable or three-
Setting the Reference cable method is required.
Since loss in the fiber optic link is a relative
measurement, the 0dB reference must be set Two-Cable Method
prior to taking any measurements. TIA526-14 The two-cable method is used when the
specifies three acceptable methods for setting connector used in the fiber plant is different from
www.extron.com 41
Fiber Optic AV Signal Distribution
b c d e
different connectors are used on the ends of the
and receive reference Coupling Golden Coupling fiber link under test. A golden reference cable
Reference Cable
1310nm 1550nm
Figure 30.
FIBER LIGHT SOURCE
Set
dB
850nm 1310nm Ref
dBm
1300nm 1550nm
MM SM
FPM 101
FIBER POWER METER
Tone
Fiber Optic
POWER
POWER
0 dB Reference = Light Source Power - Mandrel Loss + Ref Error The three-cable method adds the loss of two
Ref Error = L bc + L de
connection points when setting the reference.
that on the power meter, such that a launch The three-cable method produces loss
reference cable cannot be plugged directly measurements less than either the one-cable or
into the power meter. A launch reference cable two-cable method.
is attached to the light source, and a receive
reference cable is attached to the power meter. Installed Cable Plant Loss Test
A fiber optic coupling is used to join the two fibers Regardless of the method used to set the
together as shown in Figure 29. reference, the TIA526-14 and TIA526-7 installed
cable plant loss test requires both launch and
The two-cable method includes the additional receive reference cables as shown in Figure31.
loss of a connection point between the reference The double-ended set-up simulates equipment
cables when setting the reference. Therefore, the connected to the fiber link through a patch panel.
resulting loss measurement reading is less than The measured loss includes the fiber under test
that of a test set using the one-cable method. The and the connection points at each end. The
additional connection point also adds uncertainty method used to set the 0dB reference affects
to the measurement. the displayed value as shown in Table3.
Table 3. Comparison of Reference Setting Methods for Fiber Plant Loss Testing
One-Cable Method
Reference Two-Cable Method Three-Cable Method
(Figure 28 -
Setting Method (Figure 29) (Figure 30)
preferred method)
When to Use Use this method, if pos- Use if the connector on Use if the connectors on
sible. Requires same the fiber under test is either end of the fiber
connectors on test equip- incompatible with the test under test are different,
ment, fiber plant, and equipment connector, making it impossible to
reference cables. making it impossible to use use the one-cable or two-
the one-cable method. cable method.
Effect on 0dB Includes mode condition- Includes mode Includes mode condition-
Reference Setting ing loss, only, to minimize conditioning loss plus one ing loss plus two connec-
error in reference setting. connector pair (Lbc). tor pairs (Lbc + Lde).
Error in Reference Minimal Ref Error = Lbc Ref Error = Lbc + Lde
Setting Loss across the coupling Loss across the
in Figure 29. couplings in Figure 30.
Effect on Fiber Measured Loss = Measured Loss = Measured Loss =
Plant Loss Lbx + Lxy + Lyc Lbx + Lxy + Lyc - Ref Error Lbx + Lxy + Lyc - Ref
Measurement Error
Effect on Loss Most accurate method. Measured Loss is less than Measured Loss is less
Measurements one-cable method. than both the one-cable
and two-cable methods.
Least accurate method.
b x y c b x
Set
Set
dB
850nm 1310nm Ref dB
dBm Ref
1300nm 1550nm 850nm 1310nm
dBm
1300nm 1550nm
MM SM
POWER
Fiber Optic
Light Source
POWER
Measured Link Loss = L bx + L xy+ L yc - Ref Error Measured Link Loss = L bx + L xy - Ref Error
Installed Cable Plant Loss Test FOTP-171 Patch Cord Loss Test
If the installed cable plant test method produces as shown in Figure 32. Therefore, the one-cable
a higher than expected measurement, inspect method is typically used to set the reference. The
the connectors for dirt or damage. Clean dirty fiber cable under test is plugged directly into the
connectors and replace damaged cables or power meter.
connectors, if needed, then retest. If the launch
cable is replaced, reset the 0dB reference per The loss measured with the TIA FOTP-171
the applicable method before retesting. If high patch cord test method includes the connection
measurements persist, measure each cable point between the launch cable and the fiber
segment in both directions using the TIA FOTP- under test. It does not include the connector
171 patch cord test method to isolate the end at the power meter. The aperture of the
problem. power meter input provides high light coupling
efficiency but tends to mask any problems in the
TIA FOTP-171 Patch Cord Test connector. Therefore, when using this method, it
The TIA FOTP-171 method is used for insertion is recommended to reverse the cable and repeat
loss testing of patch and reference cables, the test to obtain a second measurement.
isolating problems in an installed fiber plant,
and testing fiber cables prior to installation. This If one of the measurements is significantly higher,
method uses only a launch cable to measure loss the connector may be dirty or the fiber termination
Connector
Connector
Fusion Splice
Cable End
Time/Distance
www.extron.com 43
Fiber Optic AV Signal Distribution
Since an OTDR relies at the coupling could be poor. Cleaning or false events in the OTDR trace. The receive cable
on reflected light, it re-terminating the connector and retesting the also enables testing of the far-end connector on
fiber eliminates these possible issues. A higher the fiber link under test. The mode controller, if
indirectly measures
than expected measurement in both directions required, produces the encircled flux launch
cable loss, whereas may indicate dirty connectors, a defective condition for certifying a multimode fiber optic
an optical loss test reference cable, a bad splice, or poor terminations cable infrastructure. It is optional for debugging
set directly measures at both ends of the cable. Inspect all connectors, a fiber optic cable and should not be used for
clean or replace as required, reset the reference, singlemode fiber.
cable loss.
and retest. If the high measurements persist,
replace the reference cable, reset the reference, Understanding OTDR Test Results
and retest. Troubleshooting with a VFL or optical The results of an OTDR test are represented as a
time domain reflectometer OTDR may also trace as shown in Figure 34. The slope of the line
help isolate the problem. represents the scattering loss in the fiber cable in
dB/km. Any abrupt change in the trace is called
Using an OTDR for Loss Testing an event, and may indicate a connector, splice,
Overview bend or a break in the cable. The horizontal axis
An OTDR is a test instrument used for measuring is time or distance, indicating the position or
loss and debugging problems as shown in location of the event.
Figure 33. An OTDR sends an optical pulse
down a fiber cable, relying on light scattering in The first and last segments of the trace represent
the cable to create reflections. Scattering is the the launch and receive cables. The launch portion
dominant loss mechanism in fiber optic cables, of the trace may contain anomalies caused by
fiber optic connectors, and mechanical splices. multiple reflections in the launch cable. Setting
As the pulse travels down the fiber, scattering markers at either end of the cable under test
continuously causes light to reflect back up the enables the OTDR to measure cable length and
cable. The OTDR measures the reflected light, total loss in the cable under test, including the
and displays the results in an OTDR trace as fiber, connectors, splices, bends, or any other
shown in Figure34. loss mechanisms. The markers can also be
used to identify the location of anomalies that
OTDR Loss Test Setup are present in the cable by moving the second
The test setup for an OTDR includes a launch marker at the point of the anomaly.
cable at the near end and a receive cable at
the far end, both of which must be greater than OTDR Accuracy
250meters long. If they are too short, light reflects Since an OTDR relies on reflected light, it indirectly
back and forth along the cable and produces measures cable loss, whereas an optical loss test
set directly measures cable loss. Additionally, an
Figure 35.
OTDR has several settings that can affect the
OTDR Test Setup
accuracy. Using a wider pulse width tends to
increase the accuracy of measurements, but may
Coupling Coupling
also cause the OTDR to miss events if the pulse
width is too wide. Setting up an OTDR to ensure
Launch Cable Under Test Receive
Mode Cable Cable it balances accuracy with speed requires training
Controller (> 250 m) (> 250 m)
(if required) and experience.
AV professionals are System Requirements and Needs support emerging 4K and UHD standards. The
now turning to fiber Assessment old cable may need to be removed and new
Performing a needs assessment and determining cable installed for these signals. In response to
optic cabling to future-
the system requirements for a fiber optic AV this challenge, AV professionals are now turning
proof AV systems. system are essentially the same as that of an to fiber optic cabling to future-proof AV systems.
AV system using coaxial cabling, twisted pair, or The ability of todays fiber optic cable to carry
other copper-based cabling. However, the use a video signal is, in essence, limited only by
of fiber optic equipment does present unique the electronics attached to it. It easily handles
benefits for future-proofing an AV system, 1080p and 2K signals, and has the capacity for
providing isolation in secure environments, emerging 4K and UHD video standards. Installing
enabling systems in medical environments, and singlemode fiber or OM4 multimode fiber is the
routing signals in large venues. best alternative for future-proofing an AV system.
Figure 1.
Red / Black Separation Using Fiber Optics
Light Intensity
equipment. can ensure high quality, pixel-for-pixel image
transmission throughout a location, between
buildings, and even between facilities. For
moderate distances within a building, select
AV equipment for multimode fiber. For new Distance Travelled on Optic Fiber
Centralized Switching
Figure 3.
Distributed Switching System - University Hospital A centralized switching system, Figure 2, is
situated in a central control room where all
Operating Room 1 Assembly/Lecture Hall signal routing and distribution is accomplished.
AV signals are physically cabled to a large
Equipment
Equipment
Sources Sources
Closet
Closet
/
Displays
/
Displays
switching system in the central equipment room.
The switching system is typically configured as
Operating Room 2 Classroom 1 separate rooms or virtual matrix switchers.
Central
This type of configuration, known as rooming,
Equipment
Equipment
Closet
/ Room /
Displays Displays enables local control within each room, as if it had
a local switching system.
Operating Room 3 Classroom 2
Equipment
Equipment
Closet
/ /
Displays Displays AV signals throughout the system, and helps
simplify maintenance and upgrades. It also
facilitates re-configuration of the system to allow
Figure 4. for multi-room conferences and multi-purpose
Daisy Chain Configuration
rooms that can be used as overflow rooms.
Although a significant number of signals must
be run to the control room, fiber optic cables are
easy to pull since they are small and often contain
several fibers.
Fiber Optic Fiber Optic Fiber Optic Fiber Optic
Receiver Receiver Receiver Receiver
www.extron.com 49
Fiber Optic AV System Design
The system loss margin is the difference between Step 2 Determine Fiber Loss
the loss budget and link loss: System Loss A. Operating Wavelength = 850 nm
B. Fiber Attenuation per km = 3.0 dB/
Margin = Optical Loss Budget - Link Loss. (specification) km
C. Cable Length = 0.60 km
The recommended system loss margin is D. Fiber Loss: B x C = 1.8 dB
typically 3 dB. The additional margin accounts for Step 3 Determine Connector Loss
uncertainty in the loss calculation, ensuring that A. Number of Connector Pairs = 2
links continue to operate as components age, and B. Loss per Connector Pair: = 0.75 dB
0.75 dB (MM), 0.5 dB (SM)
providing headroom for future splices or repairs.
C. Total Connector Loss: A x B = 1.5 dB
600 m
B. Total Connector Loss (Step 3C) = 1.5 dB
3.0 dB/km C. Total Splice Loss (Step 4C) = 0.1 dB
D. Total Optical Link Loss: A + B + C = 3.4 dB
0.75 dB 0.75 dB
Connector Connector Step 6 Calculate System Loss Margin
Transmitter Receiver
A. Total Loss Budget (Step 1C) = 7 dB
Fusion Fusion
Splice Splice B. Total Optical Link Loss (Step 5D) = 3.4 dB
0.05 dB 0.05 dB
C. Total System Loss Margin: A B = 3.6 dB
Power = -5 dBm Sensitivity = -12 dBm The system loss margin of 3.6 dB is adequate for this
Wavelength = 850 nm application.
Data Rate = 4,250 Mbps
www.extron.com 51
Fiber Optic AV System Design
Apply signal reclocking The purpose of the cap is to protect the fiber from products designed for fiber optic AV systems are
or regeneration for damage, not dirt. usually OEO types to prevent excessive losses in
optical power.
optimal signal integrity.
2. Use OM4 Multimode Fiber for New
Installations 5. Apply Signal Reclocking or Regeneration
Legacy OM1type 62.5 m and OM2type for Optimal Signal Integrity
50m multimode fibers are considered obsolete Switching and distributing optical signals requires
by TIA942-A and should not be used in new converting the optical signal to an electrical
installations. They were originally designed signal, routing the signal to one or more outputs,
for much slower network signals using LED and converting the electrical signals back to the
sources. OM3type multimode fiber, also called optical domain. Although these switching and
laser-optimized multimode fiber, is designed for distribution systems provide high quality signal
the multi-gigabit signals common in todays AV paths, multiple conversion processes may have
systems. OM4 multimode fiber meets or exceeds a negative impact on signal quality and the
the highest performance needs, currently, and accumulation of jitter. An optical signal should
has extra capacity to handle future data rates. be routed through no more than two switching
systems, including matrix switchers, switchers,
3. Avoid Adding Excess Attenuation or distribution amplifiers, without reclocking or
Multiple patch panels may provide convenient regenerating the signal.
points for re-routing optical signals, but each
additional connector adds attenuation into the Extron FOX Series Matrix Switchers provide
signal path. Perform an optical loss analysis selectable reclocking at 4.25 or 2.125 Gbps
during the system design phase to identify rates. The selected rate must match the rate
potential problems prior to fiber installation. of the transmitter generating the fiber optic AV
Eliminating high attenuation paths in the design signal. A bypass mode is also available, which
phase helps to avoid costly workarounds during passes the signal without reclocking.
the implementation phase.
Signal regeneration is accomplished by routing
4. Avoid Splitting the Optical Signal the fiber optic signal through a receiver port in
It is common for AV signals to have multiple daisy-chain mode. The receiver accepts the
destinations in todays systems. Passive optical optical signal and restores the original video
splitters provide a simple and economical method signal, and regenerates the AV signal in the
to send an optical signal to two or more places, optical domain.
but can lead to undesirable effects. Splitting
optical signals to multiple outputs drastically
reduces the optical power in each output path.
For example, a simple splitter reduces optical
power by 3.5 to 4 dB. This additional loss is
equivalent to adding up to eight connectors or
patch panels, and is also equivalent to about
4,000 feet of multimode fiber or nearly five miles
of singlemode fiber. Switching and distribution
The following AV system designs represent a cross-section of typical commercial AV environments where the scope, complexity, and
particular needs are optimally addressed with fiber optics. For each system design, a detailed application drawing depicts signal flow from
end-to-end, as well as the types of sources and displays that typically need to be supported.
www.extron.com 53
Digital Signage
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2 FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2 FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2 FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2
Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
DVI
DVI
CONFIG CONFIG CONFIG CONFIG
FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL
Control Room
REMOTE
SMX 88 FOX
OUT 1 IN OUT 2 IN OUT 3 IN OUT 4 IN OUT 5 IN OUT 6 IN OUT 7 IN OUT 8 IN
RS232/RS422
FIBER OPTIC ADDRESS FIBER OPTIC
RESET
LINK
LAN
ACT
100-240V , 50-60Hz
1.3A MAX.
SMX 200
Tx Rx Tx Rx
AUDIO
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
CONFIG CONFIG
FOXBOX FOXBOX
FOXBOX Tx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Tx DVI Plus OPTICAL
POWER POWER
12V DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232 12V DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM 1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
Employee
FOXBOX Tx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2
Tx DVI Plus FOXBOX Tx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2
Tx DVI Plus Public
Information Information
Content Content
COAX
DIGITAL
1 SATELLITE 2 S-VIDEO OUT VIDEO OUT AUDIO OUT AUDIO OUT HDMI Ethernet SATA PHONE LINE
Satellite Receiver
Tx Rx Tx Rx
AUDIO
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
CONFIG CONFIG
COAX
POWER POWER
12V DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232 12V DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM 1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
DIGITAL
1 SATELLITE 2 S-VIDEO OUT VIDEO OUT AUDIO OUT AUDIO OUT HDMI Ethernet SATA PHONE LINE
Main Level Lobby- Public Area Level 2 Lobby- Public Area Level 3 Lobby- Public Area
FOXBOX FOXBOX FOXBOX
Rx DVI Plus Rx DVI Plus Rx DVI Plus
Flat Panel Display Tx Rx Flat Panel Display Tx Rx Flat Panel Display Tx Rx
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
DVI
CONFIG CONFIG CONFIG
FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL
1 2 1 2 1 2
AUDIO
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
DVI
FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL
1 2 1 2 1 2
AUDIO
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
DVI
FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL
1 2 1 2 1 2
AUDIO
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
DVI
FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL
1 2 1 2 1 2
www.extron.com 55
Sports Stadium
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
High First Base Camera Low Third Base Camera High Third Base Camera Press Box #2 Camera
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
Center Field #1 Camera Center Field #2 Camera Concourse Level #1 Camera Concourse Level #2 Camera
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
Equipment Room
DVC 501 SD
FOX Matrix 14400
100-240V ~ 0.5A MAX
INPUT OUTPUT
AUDIO
BUFFERED
SDI / HD-SDI LOOP-THROUGH DVI-D RGB/R-Y,Y,B-Y
L R
RS-232
50/60 Hz N/A Tx Rx
To DVI Matrix
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
1 - 16
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
DVC 501 SD
FAN ASSIMBLY
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
17 - 32
RS-232
50/60 Hz N/A Tx Rx
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
To DVI Matrix
49 - 64
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
65 - 80
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
To Scoreboard
81 - 96
FAN ASSIMBLY
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
97 - 112
To Stadium Club A
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
113 - 128
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
129 - 144
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P
To Stadium Club B
LAN
REMOTE
To HD-SDI Matrix
CORDS BEFORE SERVICING
PRIMARY POWER SUPPLY REDUNDANT POWER SUPPLY
REDUNDANT
100-240V
50/60Hz
1.2A MAX.
PRIMARY
100-240V
To Press Box
50/60Hz
1.2A MAX.
ANAHEIM, CA
Control Room
PHONES
Media Server
ASSEMBLE INSERT MULTI RECORDER SHUTTLE/VAR
CONTROL
VIDEO TC CH1 CH2 CH3 CH3 CUE JOG
System Generator
HD SDI HD SDI HD SDI HD SDI JOG
VAR
PUSH/ PLAYER SHUTTLE
00:00:00:00
db db db db db SHIFT
0 0 0 0 0
10 10 10 10 10 ALARM SE FO
20 20 20 20 20 CHANNEL ER RW
KEY INHI V AR
DISPLAY
30 30 30 30 30 CONDITION RE D
40 40 40 40 40
FULL/FINE RESET
50 50 50 50 50
HOME F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6
1-4 L
LIST GOOD SHOT MARK TRIM REC REC INHI
EXT
REC/ PREROLL EDIT
INPUT CH1 5 CH2 6 CH3 7 CH4 8 IMX CUE MONITOR ERASE IN AUDIO OUT
REC 5-8 R STANDBY
MIXING DMC EDIT DELETE
ENTRY
MEMORY
REC REC
REW PLAY F FWD STOP
CH1 5 CH2 6 CH3 7 CH4 8 CUE PREVIEW AUTO EDIT REVIEW
PB PB IN OUT
UNITY VARIABLE
HDCAM
Captioning Captioning
High Definition
MPEG IMX Digital BETACAM HDCAM Video System
PHONES
Media Server
ASSEMBLE INSERT MULTI RECORDER SHUTTLE/VAR
CONTROL
VIDEO TC CH1 CH2 CH3 CH3 CUE JOG
Equipment Equipment
HD SDI HD SDI HD SDI HD SDI JOG
VAR
PUSH/ PLAYER SHUTTLE
00:00:00:00
db db db db db SHIFT
0 0 0 0 0
10 10 10 10 10 ALARM SE FO
20 20 20 20 20 CHANNEL ER RW
KEY INHI V AR
DISPLAY
30 30 30 30 30 CONDITION RE D
40 40 40 40 40
FULL/FINE RESET
50 50 50 50 50
HOME F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6
1-4 L
LIST GOOD SHOT MARK TRIM REC REC INHI
EXT
REC/ PREROLL EDIT
INPUT CH1 5 CH2 6 CH3 7 CH4 8 IMX CUE MONITOR ERASE IN AUDIO OUT
REC 5-8 R STANDBY
MIXING DMC EDIT DELETE
ENTRY
MEMORY
REC REC
REW PLAY F FWD STOP
CH1 5 CH2 6 CH3 7 CH4 8 CUE PREVIEW AUTO EDIT REVIEW
PB PB IN OUT
UNITY VARIABLE
www.extron.com 57
Campus Technology
L R
DSC 301 HD
FOXBOX
INPUTS REMOTE
FOXBOX
POWER 1 2 3
12V
VGA Input
--A MAX 1 2 3 RS-232
Tx HDMI Tx HDMI
VIDEO RGB/R-Y,Y,B-Y HDMI AUDIO OUTPUT Tx Rx G
HDMI Input
12V RS-232 12V RS-232
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM 1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
POWER
12V
FOXBOX Tx HDMI
RS-232
Tx Rx
FOXBOX HDMI AUDIO INPUT Tx Rx 1 2 OPTICAL HDMI AUDIO INPUT Tx Rx 1 2 OPTICAL
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
LINK
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
LINK
LINK
RS-232 REMOTE
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
PC
POWER FOXBOX Tx HDMI Tx Rx
12V RS-232
LINK
LINK
STANDBY/ON
PQLS HDMI OPEN/CLOSE FL OFF
USB
Blu-ray Player
POWER
12V
FOXBOX Tx HDMI
RS-232
Tx Rx
FOXBOX
LINK
LINK
FOXBOX FOXBOX
N
T OUT
P RGB/R-Y,Y,B-Y 1 UNIVERSAL 2 HDMI 3 DISPLAYPORT 1 HDMI 2A HDMI 2B USB 1 2 3
U 2 P SIG LINK LAN LAN CONTACT
6 DVI-D U HDBT OVER DTP
USB
RS-232
T 1
Rx HDMI Rx HDMI
T RS-232 IR RESET RS-232
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
FOXBOX POWER
12V
Tx Rx
HDMI AUDIO
OUTPUTS
AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE
LINK
LINK
Operator Station
To/From
HDMI Input
COMPUTER AUDIO
Lecture Halls,
VGA Input Classrooms,
VIDEO AUDIO
Auditoriums
Composite Input
L R
POWER 1 2 3
INPUTS DSC 301 HD REMOTE
12V
DSC 301 HD
--A MAX 1 2 3 RS-232
FOXBOX POWER
12V
FOXBOX Tx HDMI
RS-232
Tx Rx
LINK
LINK
CONFIG
POWER SUPPLY
PRIMARY
REDUNDANT
PowerCage 1600
Power Supply
PowerCage 1600
Power Supply
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
PowerCage FOX SR HDMI PowerCage 1600
Power Supply
PowerCage 1600
Power Supply
PowerCage
FOX SR HDMI
PowerCage
FOX SR HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Tx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX SR HDMI
PowerCage
FOX SR HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Tx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
PowerCage
FOX Rx HDMI
(4 places)
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Rx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
Tx
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
RS-232 ALARM
Tx Rx G 1 2
Tx Rx G 1 2
Tx Rx G 1 2
Tx Rx G 1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
OVER FIBER
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
Tx Rx G
Tx Rx G
Tx Rx G
Tx Rx G
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
REMOTE
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
RS-232
(2 places)
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
Tx Rx
R
R
R
R
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
L
L
L
C US C US
OUTPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUTS
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
N15778 N15778
LISTED LISTED
INPUTS
INPUTS
(10 places)
1T23 1T23
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
L.T.E. L.T.E.
HDMI
HDMI
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
5A MAX. 5A MAX.
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
VIDEO
VIDEO
VIDEO
VIDEO
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDCP
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
HDMI
1 2 3 4 5 8 11 14 17
RS-232/422
R R R R VID VID VID VID VID
R-Y R-Y R-Y R-Y Y Y Y Y Y
BACKGROUND OUTPUTS
6 9 12 15 18
G/Y H/HV G/Y H/HV G/Y H/HV G/Y H/HV VID VID VID VID VID R/ G/Y B/
VID VID VID VID B-Y B-Y B-Y B-Y B-Y R-Y B-Y
C C C C C
100- 240V -A MAX
7 10 13 16 19
HDMI HDMI
1 2 3 4 5 8 11 14 17
RS-232/422
R R R R VID VID VID VID VID
R-Y R-Y R-Y R-Y Y Y Y Y Y
BACKGROUND OUTPUTS
6 9 12 15 18
G/Y H/HV G/Y H/HV G/Y H/HV G/Y H/HV VID VID VID VID VID R/ G/Y B/
VID VID VID VID B-Y B-Y B-Y B-Y B-Y R-Y B-Y
Recorder
C C C C C
100- 240V -A MAX
7 10 13 16 19
HDMI HDMI
www.extron.com 59
Knowledge Wall
Extron Extron
IN1606 (4 places) IN1606
Switcher Switcher
100-240V ~ 50/60 Hz INPUTS IN1606 OUTPUTS AUDIO INPUTS OUTPUTS REMOTE Traffic 100-240V ~ 50/60 Hz INPUTS IN1606 OUTPUTS AUDIO INPUTS OUTPUTS REMOTE
Camera Feeds
-- A MAX 1 -- A MAX 1
3 5 A 3 5 A
L 1 R L 3 R L 5 R 1 1 2 LAN L 1 R L 3 R L 5 R 1 1 2 LAN
CONFIGURABLE CONFIGURABLE
+48V MIC/LINE +48V MIC/LINE
2 4 HDMI 6 HDMI B HDMI
L 2 R L 4 R L 6 R 2
VARIABLE
L R RESET RS-232 2 4 HDMI 6 HDMI B HDMI
L 2 R L 4 R L 6 R 2
VARIABLE
L R RESET RS-232
+48V +48V
Tx Rx G Tx Rx G
(4 places)
Extron Extron
12V DFX 100 Rx 12V DFX 100 Tx 12V DFX 100 Tx 12V DFX 100 Tx 12V DFX 100 Rx 12V DFX 100 Tx
Extron Extron
- - A MAX - - A MAX - - A MAX - - A MAX - - A MAX - - A MAX
OUTPUT INPUT DFX 100 Tx INPUT INPUT OUTPUT INPUT DFX 100 Tx
Receiver Transmitter Receiver Transmitter
Extron Extron
DFX 100 Tx DFX 100 Tx
Transmitter Transmitter
Equipment Room
A B C D A B C D
1-4
TMDS TMDS
FIBER FIBER
FAN ASSEMBLY DMS FIBER 44
INPUTS INPUTS
A B C D A B C D
5-8
TMDS TMDS
FIBER FIBER
1 2 3 4
DMS FIBER 44
INPUTS INPUTS
WiFi
A B C D A B C D
9 - 12
TMDS TMDS
PC (6 places)
FIBER FIBER
DMS FIBER 44
INPUTS INPUTS
A B C D A B C D
13- 16
TMDS TMDS
FIBER FIBER
DMS FIBER 44
INPUTS INPUTS
A B C D A B C D
17 - 20
TMDS TMDS
FIBER FIBER
DMS FIBER 44
INPUTS INPUTS
PUSH PUSH
POWER GUIDE MENU RES 480 480p 720p 1080i 1080p DIRECTV HD A B C D A B C D
SELECT
DIRECTV
FAN ASSEMBLY
DMS 44 DVI
CATV/Satellite Receiver
DVI-D INPUTS DVI-D OUTPUTS
25 - 28
A B C D A B C D
A B C D A B C D
DMS 44 DVI
A B C D A B C D
DMS 44 DVI
LAN
REMOTE
VC CODEC
(2 places)
REDUNDANT
100-240V
50/60Hz
1.2A MAX.
Extron
DMS 3600
PRIMARY
100-240V
50/60Hz
1.2A MAX.
ANAHEIM, CA
Extron
Quantum Elite
Videowall Processing
System
POWER DATA
QUANTUM ELITE
Extron POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Tx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Tx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Tx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Tx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Tx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Tx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Tx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Tx Extron
DFX 100 Tx OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT DFX 100 Tx
Transmitter INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT Transmitter
Command Center
Extron POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Tx
Extron POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Rx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Rx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Rx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Rx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Rx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Rx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Rx POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Rx
Extron POWER
12V
- - A MAX
DFX 100 Rx
Extron
DFX 100 Tx OUTPUT
DFX 100 Rx INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT
DFX 100 Rx INPUT
DFX 100 Rx
Transmitter INPUT
Receiver OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT
Receiver OUTPUT
Receiver
(5 places) (4 places)
4x2 Videowall
Local PC
(5 places) Flat Panel Display
(4 places)
www.extron.com 61
Courtroom of the Future
Sources and Laptops, PCs, paper documents, and video The Extron FOX USB Extender Plus provides a convenient
Connectivity presentations are the primary content used to connection point for a touch monitor at the lectern or evidence cart,
introduce and show evidence to the judge and/or
jury. Electronic evidence is submitted through the
attorney tables, and witness stand when using the Extron Annotator
evidence cart or lectern, and may require annotation to present evidence. The Annotator is configured so that a different
or markup to highlight specific details. A touch color is used for marking up electronic images based on the location.
monitor for annotating evidence is provided at the
lectern, attorney tables, and witness stand. Different
annotation colors are used at each location.
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
Rx HDMI
Monitor
POWER
12V
Tx Rx
1 3 FOX R USB
OUTPUTS
Extender Plus
1.0A MAX
PTZ Camera
2 4
OPTICAL
OUTPUTS
Extender Plus
1.0A MAX
2 4
OPTICAL
FOXBOX Touch
POWER Tx Rx OUTPUTS
12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE
LINK
LINK
Monitor
RS-232
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
Tx HDMI
Attorney
POWER
12V
Tx Rx
HDMI AUDIO
OUTPUTS
AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE
FOXBOX
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
Rx HDMI
OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
50Hz DIGITAL
HDCP
HDMI
EDID MINDER
FOX R USB
CONFIG AUDIO
1 2
POWER
12V
FOXBOX Tx HDMI
RS-232
Tx Rx
LINK
OUTPUTS
Touch
1.0A MAX
2 4
Monitor
OPTICAL
POWER
12V
FOXBOX Tx HDMI
RS-232
Tx Rx
FOXBOX Laptop
LINK
LINK
FOX T
LINK
LINK
RS-232
0.7 A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM CONTACT RS-232
USW 103
RGB/R-Y, Y, B-Y HDMI HDMI AUDIO Tx Rx G 1 2 1 2 3 G Tx Rx G
OPTICAL
Document Camera
POWER FOXBOX Tx HDMI Tx Rx
FOXBOX
Attorney
12V RS-232
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
DVD/VCR
OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
Rx HDMI
Combo
FOX R USB
Extender Plus
Clerk
Touch POWER Tx Rx
1 3
12V
OUTPUTS
1.0A MAX
Monitor
2 4
OPTICAL
50Hz DIGITAL
HDCP
HDMI
EDID MINDER
CONFIG AUDIO
1 2
FOXBOX POWER
12V 1 2 3 INPUTS
Tx Rx FOX T USW 103 REMOTE
FOX T
LINK
LINK
RS-232
12V 0.7 A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM CONTACT RS-232
PC
RS-232
LINK
LINK
Equipment Room
FOX T USB
Extender Plus
(4 places)
FOXBOX
SR HDMI POWER
12V
1.0A MAX
Tx Rx
INPUT
Tx Rx OUTPUTS HOST OPTICAL
POWER
HDMI AUDIO
LINK
LINK
INPUTS 12V
1.0A MAX
INPUT
OPTICAL FOXBOX SR HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
HOST OPTICAL
POWER Tx Rx POWER Tx Rx
12V 12V
1.0A MAX 1.0A MAX
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
INPUT
INPUT
HOST OPTICAL HOST OPTICAL
Tx Rx OUTPUTS
POWER
HDMI AUDIO
LINK
LINK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 CONTROL
FOXBOX
OPTICAL FOXBOX SR HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
FOXBOX
CONFIG ENTER PRESET VIEW ESC
Tx HDMI 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
SR HDMI
PRIMARY
LINK
LINK
FOXBOX
HDBT OVER DTP
1
RS-232 IR RESET RS-232
2
DTP DTP OUT
Rx HDMI
50/60 Hz Tx Rx G Tx Rx Tx Rx G
Annotator 300
POWER
12V
FOXBOX Tx HDMI
RS-232
Tx Rx
FOXBOX
LINK
LINK
N15779
RS-232
A B C D Tx Rx
POWER Tx Rx OUTPUTS POWER Tx Rx OUTPUTS POWER Tx Rx OUTPUTS POWER Tx Rx OUTPUTS POWER Tx Rx OUTPUTS POWER Tx Rx OUTPUTS
12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE 12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE 12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE 12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE 12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE 12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
www.extron.com 63
Divisible Auditorium and Amphitheater
Cameras
OPTICAL OPTICAL
12V MODE 12V MODE
0.3A MAX ON
4 3 2 1 0.3A MAX ON
Cameras
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
3G-SDI
BUFFERED OUTPUTS BUFFERED OUTPUTS
3G-SD
Tx Rx Tx Rx
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
BUFFERED OUTPUTS
3G-SDI 3G-SDI
Tx Rx Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
FOX 3G HD-SDI
FOX 3G HD-SDI POWER
12V MODE
FOX 3G HD-SDI
OPTICAL
Projector Projector
FOX 3G HD-SDI 0.3A MAX ON
POWER OPTICAL
12V MODE 1 2
3G-SDI
0.3A MAX ON HD/SDI IN
1 2
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
1 2
3G-SDI
1 2
HD/SDI IN
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2 HD/SDI IN
HD/SDI IN Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
3G-SDI 3G-SDI
Lectern Lectern
FOX T USW 103 POWER
12V 1 2 3 INPUTS
Tx Rx FOX T USW 103 REMOTE
FOX T USW 103 POWER
12V 1 2 3 INPUTS
Tx Rx FOX T USW 103 REMOTE
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
RS-232 RS-232
0.7 A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM CONTACT RS-232 0.7 A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM CONTACT RS-232
LINK
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM 1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
1 UNIVERSAL 2
INPUTS
2B USB
REMOTE
1 2 3
Touch Monitor 100-240VAC --A MAX
1 UNIVERSAL 2
INPUTS
2B USB
REMOTE
1 2 3
Touch Monitor
SIG LINK LAN CONTACT SIG LINK LAN CONTACT
HDBT OVER DTP HDBT OVER DTP
1 1
RS-232 IR RESET RS-232 RS-232 IR RESET RS-232
2 2
DTP DTP OUT DTP DTP OUT
50/60 Hz Tx Rx G Tx Rx Tx Rx G 50/60 Hz Tx Rx G Tx Rx Tx Rx G
FOX 3G FOX 3G
BUFFERED BUFFERED
SDI / HD-SDI LOOP-THROUGH DVI-D RGB/R-Y,Y,B-Y
L R
FOX 3G HD-SDI SDI / HD-SDI LOOP-THROUGH DVI-D RGB/R-Y,Y,B-Y
L R
FOX 3G HD-SDI
POWER OPTICAL POWER OPTICAL
RS-232 RS-232
12V MODE 12V MODE
0.3A MAX 0.3A MAX
HD-SDI
50/60 Hz N/A Tx Rx
ON 50/60 Hz N/A Tx Rx
ON
HD-SDI
1 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
HD/SDI IN HD/SDI IN
Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS Tx Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
INPUTS INPUTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 CONTROL
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 CONTROL
CONFIG ENTER PRESET VIEW ESC CONFIG ENTER PRESET VIEW ESC
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 PRIMARY 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 PRIMARY
REDUNDANT REDUNDANT
OUTPUTS OUTPUTS
POWER SUPPLY POWER SUPPLY
LINK
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
FOXBOX FOXBOX
Rx HDMI Rx HDMI
3G-SDI 3G-SDI
HDMI HDMI
POWER Tx Rx OUTPUTS POWER Tx Rx OUTPUTS
12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE 12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO RS-232 REMOTE
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232 1.0A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx HDMI OFF HDMI Tx Rx 1 2 Tx Rx
FOXBOX FOXBOX
Rx HDMI HDMI Rx HDMI HDMI
www.extron.com 65
Extron Product Solutions
Extron 4K Solutions
High-Performance Video Solutions for 4K and Ultra HD Video
The next challenge facing system designers is figuring out how to implement AV systems that support
4K now, and emerging formats tomorrow. Extron is ready with service, support, and solutions to meet
your 4K requirements and beyond. Extron 4K video solutions provide high-performance signal extension,
routing, and distribution systems for 4K digital video signals. Whether designing for simulation, defense,
medical, theater, themed attraction, or other applications, Extron delivers service, support, and the right solution to ensure your project is a
success.
For assistance designing your 4K AV system, please contact your local Extron Customer Support representative. An Extron Applications
Engineer will be assigned to your project and will work with you to ensure your complete satisfaction.
JI
Extron JITC-Certified Product Offerings
Most Extensive Offering of JITC-Certified AV Products in the Industry
Extron offers the most extensive number of AV signal switching, distribution, and processing products
certified by the Joint Interoperability Test Command JITC for use in a wide range of government
installations. Extron matrix switchers, switchers, distribution amplifiers, extenders, video scalers, and control
processors across the FOX, XTP, DTP, IPCP Pro, and signal processing product lines are listed on the
DoDs Unified Capabilities Approved Products List UC APL. CER
FOX Series products are the most complete line of Fiber Optic Products for end-to-end AV signal distribution over a fiber
optic infrastructure
XTP Systems is the only AV technology platform that provides infrastructure for an 8K future, supporting local connectivity and
extended transmission of AV and control over CATx and fiber optic cable
The DTP Systems product family is the AV industrys most comprehensive 4K integration platform for small to mid-sized systems, providing AV signal
switching, distribution, processing, and control
Video Scalers and Signal Processors include all-in-one integration solutions, single and multiinput scalers, cross conversion scalers, multi-format presentation
switchers, and annotators
Extron Vector 4K scaling engine embodies several Extron-patented technologies, and delivers uncompromising upscaling and downscaling performance
IPCP Pro control processors provide a hardened interface to ensure secure communications between the control system and the AV equipment
Distribution
Amplifiers and Switchers
www.extron.com 67
Extenders
FOX II DP 4K
Fiber Optic Extender for DisplayPort, Multi-Channel Audio, RS-232, and IR
The Extron FOXIIDP4K Fiber Optic Extender FEATURES:
provides long haul extension of DisplayPort Extends DisplayPort video, multichannel audio,
video, multichannel audio, RS232 control, RS232 control, and IR control signals over fiber
and IR control signals over fiber optic cabling. optic cabling
Engineered with uncompromising quality Supports lossless 4K video up to 4096x2160 at
and proven performance, it uses Extron 30Hz with a 4:4:4 color space over one fiber
alldigital technology to deliver lossless Vertical sync lock enables lossless 4K video FOX II T DP 4K
DisplayPort video signals at resolutions transmission up to 4096x2160 at 60Hz with a
up to 4096x2160. This HDCPcompliant 4:4:4 color space using two transmitters
transmitter and receiver set brings new HDCP compliant
features to the FOXIISeries, including Key Minder continuously verifies HDCP
support for 4K video and Type2 dualmode compliance for quick, reliable switching
DisplayPort outputs. The FOXIIDP4K also EDID Minder automatically manages EDID
includes many integratorfriendly features communication between connected devices
such as KeyMinder, EDIDMinder, audio Type2 dualmode DisplayPort for interoperability
embedding, audio gain and attenuation, along with HDMI, DVI, or VGA devices
FOX II R DP 4K
with realtime system monitoring. Buffered DisplayPort input loopthrough
Audio return channel
Bidirectional RS232 and IR signal transmission
over fiber optic cabling for AV device control
JITC Certified
FOX II T HD 4K
Fiber Optic Transmitter for HDMI, Multi-Channel Audio, RS-232, and IR
The Extron FOXIITHD4K Fiber Optic FEATURES:
Transmitter provides long haul extension of Transmits HDMI video, multichannel audio,
HDMI video, multichannel audio, RS232 RS232 control, and IR control signals over fiber
control, and IR control signals over fiber optic optic cabling
cabling. This HDCP-compliant transmitter Supports lossless 4K video up to 4096x2160 at
brings new features to the FOXIISeries. 30Hz with a 4:4:4 color space over one fiber
Engineered with uncompromising quality and Vertical sync lock enables lossless 4K video
proven performance, it uses Extron alldigital transmission up to 4096x2160 at 60Hz with a
technology to deliver lossless HDMI video 4:4:4 color space using two transmitters
signals at resolutions up to 4096x2160. The HDCP compliant
transmitter also includes many integrator- KeyMinder continuously verifies HDCP
friendly features such as KeyMinder, compliance for quick, reliable switching
EDIDMinder, input loop-through for a EDIDMinder automatically manages EDID
local monitor, audio embedding, audio gain communication between connected devices
and attenuation, an internal test pattern, as Buffered HDMI input loopthrough
well as realtime system monitoring. The Audio return channel
FOXIITHD4K represents the highest level of Bidirectional RS232 and IR signal transmission
performance for the extensive FOXSeries of over fiber optic cabling for AV device control
fiber optic products from Extron. JITC Certified
www.extron.com 69
Extenders
FOXBOX HDMI
Fiber Optic Extender for HDMI, Audio, and RS-232
The Extron FOXBOX HDMI Fiber Optic SERIES FEATURES:
Extender is a transmitter and receiver set for Extends HDMI video, stereo audio, and RS-232
long haul transmission of HDCP-compliant control signals very long distances over fiber
HDMI video, stereo audio, and RS-232 control optic cabling
signals over fiber optic cabling. Engineered for HDCP compliant
reliability and exceptional image performance, All-digital technology provides pixel-for-pixel FOXBOX Tx HDMI
it uses Extron all-digital technology to deliver performance with signals up to 1920x1200,
perfect pixel-for-pixel transmission of HDMI including HDTV 1080p/60
video images up to WUXGA 1920x1200 Integrates easily into a wide range of 4K
resolution, including HDTV 1080p/60. Designed environments
specifically for AV systems, the FOXBOXHDMI Key Minder continuously verifies HDCP
also includes many integrator-friendly features compliance for quick, reliable switching
such as KeyMinder, EDIDMinder, AutoInput EDID Minder automatically manages EDID FOXBOX Rx HDMI
Memory, RS-232 control from multiple communication between connected devices
locations, internal test patterns, and real-time HDMI audio de-embedding with analog stereo
system monitoring. Compact, low profile outputs
enclosures allow for discreet installation. JITC Certified
FOXBOX SR HDMI
Fiber Optic Scaling Receiver for HDMI, Audio, and RS-232The Extron FOXBOX
SR HDMI Fiber Optic Extender is a scaling FEATURES:
receiver for long haul transmission of HDCP- Accepts fiber optic signals from FOXSeries
compliant HDMI, audio, and RS-232 control transmitters and provides scaled HDMI video,
signals over fiber optic cabling. Engineered for stereo audio, and RS232 control signals
exceptional high resolution image performance, High performance scaler provides selectable
it uses Extron all-digital technology to deliver output resolutions up to 1920x1200, including
perfect pixel-for-pixel HDMI computer-video HDTV 1080p/60 and 2K
images up to WUXGA 1920x1200, including HDCP compliant
HDTV 1080p/60. Designed specifically for Key Minder continuously verifies HDCP
AV systems, the FOXBOXSRHDMI includes compliance for quick, reliable switching
many integrator-friendly features such as HDMI, DVI, RGB, and HD component video
KeyMinder, audio de-embedding, Auto Input upscaling and downscaling
Memory, and internal test patterns. A compact, HDMI audio de-embedding with analog stereo
low profile enclosure allows for discreet outputs
installation behind a flat-panel display. Compatible with Extron FOXSeries HDMI,
DVIPlus, DVI, VGA, and VGA/YUV transmitters
JITC Certified
Extron
Extron
FOXBOX Tx HDMI FOXBOX SR HDMI
Fiber Optic Transmitter Fiber Optic Scaling Receiver
POWER FOXBOX Tx HDMI Tx Rx
12V RS-232 Tx Rx OUTPUTS
LINK
LINK
LINK
RS-232 REMOTE
1.0 A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
Tx Rx 1 2
HDMI INPUT AUDIO INPUT OPTICAL
Blu-ray Player
1080p
Extron
FOX Matrix 3200
Modular Fiber Optic Matrix Switcher
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
1-8
A B C D E F G H
ANAHEIM, CA
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
9 - 16
A B C D E F G H
A B C D E F G H
Extron A B C D E F G H
LINK
TEMP
OVER
DVI
CONFIG
RS-232/RS-422
REDUNDANT
with Speakers
OPTICAL
TRI-LEVEL BI-LEVEL
POWER
12V DVI-D INPUT AUDIO RS-232
1080p HDMI
1.0A MAX OVER FIBER ALARM
LINK
PRIMARY
SWITCH
100-240V 50/60Hz 1.2A MAX.
REFERENCE
Extron
Laptop
FOXBOX SR HDMI
1280 x 800 Fiber Optic Scaling Receiver
Tx Rx OUTPUTS
POWER
12V HDMI AUDIO AUDIO
LINK
LINK
RS-232 REMOTE
1.0 A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
LINK
Extron
HDMI AUDIO INPUT Tx Rx 1 2 OPTICAL
50Hz DIGITAL
HDCP
HDMI
EDID MINDER
FOXBOX Tx HDMI
CONFIG AUDIO
1 2
Projector
720p HDMI
MPA 152 Plus Extron
OUTPUTS
Power
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
RGB/
12V
YUV
0.7A MAX
REMOTE
CONFIG
www.extron.com 71
Extenders
FOX 3G HD-SDI
Fiber Optic Extender for 3G-SDI
The Extron FOX3GHD-SDI Fiber Optic FEATURES:
Extender enables long haul transmission of Extends 3G-SDI, HD-SDI, and SDI signals very
3G-SDI video, with embedded audio and long distances over a single fiber
metadata, over a single fiber. Engineered Integrates easily into a wide range of 4K
for reliability and exceptional high resolution environments FOX 3G HD-SDI
image performance, it uses Extron all- Input equalization and reclocking on buffered
digital technology to transmit signals up to outputs
2.97Gbps including 3G-SDI, HD-SDI, and Immunity to pathological signal patterns -
SDI. To optimize SDI signal transmission to and FOX3GHD-SDIPSM
from the FOX3GHD-SDI, input signals are Dual buffered outputs
automatically equalized and output signals are Daisy-chain capability
reclocked. The FOX3GHD-SDI can function Real-time status LED indicators for
as a transmitter and a receiver in various user- troubleshooting and monitoring
configurable modes. It is ideally suited for use JITC Certified
in digital signage, broadcast and production,
rental and staging, and medical applications.
FOX AV
Fiber Optic Extender for Video, Audio, and RS-232
The Extron FOX AV Fiber Optic Extender is FEATURES:
a transmitter and receiver set for long haul Extends standard definition video, stereo audio,
transmission of standard definition video, and RS-232 control signals very long distances
audio, and RS-232 control signals over a over a single fiber
single fiber. Engineered for reliability and Accepts component video, S-video, and
exceptional video performance, it uses Extron composite video signals
all-digital technology to deliver perfect pixel- FOX Tx AV Transmitter
All-digital technology provides pixel-for-pixel
for-pixel transmission of video signals including performance
component video, S-video, and composite Auto Input Format Detection
video. Designed specifically for AV systems, Picture and audio adjustments
the FOXAV includes many integrator-friendly Internal transcoding with selectable output
features such as auto input format detection, format
picture and audio adjustments, daisy-chain Daisy-chain capability
capability, RS-232 control, and real-time Available as an 850nm multimode model for
system monitoring. moderate-range transmissions up to 2km
(1.25miles) and a 1310nm singlemode model
for extreme distances up to 30km (18.75miles)
FOX Rx AV Receiver
RS-232 control
Real-time status LED indicators for
troubleshooting and monitoring
JITC Certified
www.extron.com 73
Extenders
Extron
1 INPUTS OUTPUTS
FOX T USW 203
2
LINK
RS-232
0.8A MAX 3 HDMI OVER FIBER ALARM CONTACT RS-232
LOOP-THRU OPTICAL Tx Rx G 1 2 1 2 3 G Tx Rx G
Extron
PC
POWER
12V
Tx Rx
HDMI AUDIO
OUTPUTS
AUDIO
FOXBOX SR HDMI
LINK
LINK
RS-232 REMOTE
1.0 A MAX ON L R OVER FIBER ALARM RS-232
HOST OPTICAL
for USB Peripherals
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
1-8
A B C D E F G H
ANAHEIM, CA
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
Tx Rx
9 - 16
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
TEMP
OVER
DVI
CONFIG A B C D E F G H
OPTICAL
100-240V 50/60Hz 1.2A MAX. PRIMARY POWER SUPPLY REDUNDANT POWER SUPPLY
RESET
RS-232/RS-422
REDUNDANT
CORDS BEFORE SERVICING
DISCONNECT BOTH POWER
REMOTE
TRI-LEVEL BI-LEVEL
LINK
PRIMARY
PC
LAN
ACT
Extron
SWITCH
100-240V 50/60Hz 1.2A MAX.
REFERENCE
HOST OPTICAL
for USB Peripherals Modular Fiber Optic
Matrix Switcher
Extron
POWER
12V
FOXBOX Tx HDMI
RS-232
Tx Rx
LINK
1.0A MAX
OPTICAL
PC
Extron
FOX T USB Extender Plus
Fiber Optic Transmitter
POWER Tx Rx
12V
1.0A MAX
INPUT
HOST OPTICAL
for USB Peripherals
PowerCage 401
Modular Power Enclosure for Fiber Optic Extenders
The Extron PowerCage401 is a compact, 1U FEATURES:
rack-mountable enclosure that supports Extron Space-saving design with a compact,
modular fiber optic extenders. Engineered 1U rack-mountable enclosure
with uncompromising quality and proven Accommodates up to four extender modules
performance, itprovides an efficient way to Modular, field-upgradeable, and hotswappable
power, manage, and mount multiple extenders. design
Front panel controls enable system setup and Ethernet monitoring and control
configuration without a computer. The fourslot Dual-redundant and hotswappable power
enclosure also features thermal management supplies
and dual-redundant power supplies to ensure RS232 insertion from the Ethernet port
reliability in mission-critical environments Two AC power inputs
where continuous, 24/7 operation is essential.
Front panel LCD display and controls for easy
The hotswappable, modular design of the setup and troubleshooting
PowerCage enclosure allows for addition or
Exceptional thermal management
replacement of modules and power supplies
SNMP support for remote monitoring
in the field, without having to power down
the system. The PowerCage401 simplifies
integration for large, rack-mounted systems
as well as user workstations with multiple
computers.
www.extron.com 75
Extenders
www.extron.com 77
Extenders
PowerCage FOX AV
Fiber Optic Extender for Video, Audio, and RS-232
The Extron PowerCage FOX AV Fiber Optic FEATURES:
Extender is a modular transmitter and receiver Extends standard definition video, stereo audio,
set for the PowerCage1600 enclosure that and RS-232 control signals very long distances
provides long haul transmission of standard over a single fiber
definition video, audio, and RS-232 control Accepts component video, S-video, and
signals over a single fiber. Engineered for composite video signals
reliability and exceptional video performance, All-digital technology provides pixel-for-pixel
it uses Extron all-digital technology to deliver performance
perfect pixel-for-pixel transmission of video Modular, hot-swappable boards designed for the
signals including component video, S-video, PowerCage1600 enclosure, part # 60-978-01
and composite video. Designed specifically Auto Input Format Detection
for AV systems, the PowerCageFOXAV also Picture and audio adjustments PowerCage PowerCage
includes many integrator-friendly features such Internal transcoding with selectable output FOX Tx AV FOX Rx AV
as picture and audio adjustments, daisy-chain format Transmitter Receiver
capability, Auto Input Format Detection, and Daisy-chain capability
real-time system monitoring. Available as an 850nm multimode model for
moderate-range transmissions up to 2km
(1.25miles) and a 1310nm singlemode model
for extreme distances up to 30km (18.75miles)
RS-232 control at transmitter and receiver
Alarm notification for fiber link loss
JITC Certified
PowerCage 1600
Modular Power Enclosure for Fiber Optic and Twisted Pair Extenders
The Extron PowerCage 1600 is a rack- FEATURES:
mountable, 16-slot enclosure that supports a Accommodates up to 16 single-
wide range of Extron fiber optic and twisted slot or eight double-slot multi-
pair AV transmitter and receiver boards. function boards
Providing an efficient way to power and Space-saving design with a
mount multiple transmitters and receivers, compact 3U, rack-mountable
the PowerCage1600 simplifies integration enclosure
for large, rack-mounted systems. The Modular, field-upgradeable, and
PowerCage1600 also features an optional hot-swappable design
redundant, hot-swappable power supply plus Optional redundant power supply
thermal management to optimize reliability Hot-swappable power supplies
in mission-critical environments where Exceptional thermal management
continuous, 24/7 operation is essential. The PowerCage FOX Fiber Optic
hot-swappable, modular design allows for Extenders support HDMI, DVI-D, 3G-SDI, RGB,
replacing or upgrading boards in the field at or standard definition video, stereo audio, and
any time, without having to power down the RS-232 over fiber optic cabling
system. PowerCage MTP Twisted Pair Extenders support
standard definition or high resolution video, and
audio or RS-232 over a single CATx cable
HFX 100
HDMI Fiber Optic Extender
The Extron HFX 100 Fiber Optic Extender is FEATURES:
a compact transmitter and receiver set that Transmits HDMI video and embedded multi-
provides extension of HDCP-compliant HDMI channel digital audio signals up to 300meters
signals long distances over one fiber optic (984feet) over one multimode fiber optic cable
cable. It supports HDMI specification features Supported HDMI specification features include
including data rates up to 6.25Gbps, 12-bit data rates up to 6.25Gbps, 12-bit DeepColor, HFX 100 Tx
Deep Color, HD lossless audio formats, and HD lossless audio formats, and CEC
CEC. Engineered for reliability and exceptional HDCP compliant
high resolution image performance, it uses All-digital technology provides pixel-for-pixel
all-digital technology to deliver perfect pixel-for- performance with signals up to 1920x1200,
pixel transmission of images up to 1920x1200, including HDTV 1080p/60 and 2K
including HDTV 1080p/60 and 2K. The Supports DDC transmission
HFX100 extends HDMI video and embedded Integrated ultra-flexible HDMI cable
multi-channel digital audio signals over a 1U, one-eighth rack width metal enclosure
multimode fiber optic cable at lengths up to Industry standard LC connectors provide reliable
300meters (984feet). physical connectivity and precise fiber core HFX 100 Rx
alignment
Compatible with 2LCOM4MMP pre-terminated
fiber optic cable assemblies from Extron
Highly reliable, energy-efficient external universal
power supply included, replacement part
#70-775-01
DFX 100
DVI Fiber Optic Extender
The Extron DFX 100 Fiber Optic Extender is FEATURES:
a transmitter and receiver set that provides Transmits single link DVI-D signals up to
extension of single link DVI-D signals 300meters (984feet) over one multimode fiber
long distances over one fiber optic cable. optic cable
Engineered for reliability and exceptional Supports DVI data rates to 4.95Gbps -
high resolution image performance, it uses 1.65Gbps per color DFX 100 Tx
all-digital technology to deliver perfect All-digital technology provides pixel-for-pixel
pixel-for-pixel transmission of images up to performance with signals up to 1920x1200,
1920x1200, including HDTV 1080p/60 and including HDTV 1080p/60 and 2K
2K. The DFX100 extends DVI-D signals over Supports DDC transmission
a multimode fiber optic cable at lengths up to Integrated ultra-flexible DVI cable
300meters (984feet).Both the transmitter and Compatible with 2LCOM4MMP pre-terminated
receiver are housed in1U high, one-eighth rack fiber optic cable assemblies from Extron
width metal enclosures for convenient, discreet
installation. To simplify integration, attached
ultra-flexible DVI cables allow for direct DFX 100 Rx
connection to source and destination devices.
www.extron.com 79
Extenders
DDX 102
Dual Link DVI Fiber Optic Extender
The Extron DDX 102 Fiber Optic Extender is FEATURES:
an extremely compact transmitter and receiver Transmits dual link DVI-D signals up to
set that provides an effective, economical 500meters (1,640feet) over two multimode fiber
solution for extending duallink DVI-D signals optic cables
long distances over fiber optic cabling. It uses EDIDMinder automatically manages EDID
all-digital technology to deliver perfect pixel- communication between connected devices
for-pixel transmission of DVI computer-video Industry standard LC connectors provide reliable
images up to 2560x1600, including HDTV physical connectivity and precise fiber core
1080p/60 and 2K. The transmitter and receiver alignment
work together to send dual linkDVI signals up Transmitter and receiver are detachable from
to 500meters (1,640feet) over two multimode cables
cables. Designed for AV systems, the DDX102 Direct device connection
includes integrator-friendly features such as Compatible with 2LCOM4MMP pre-terminated
EDIDMinder and direct device connection. fiber optic cable assemblies from Extron
DVI 104
DVI Fiber Optic Extender
The Extron DVI104 Fiber Optic Extender is a FEATURES:
transmitter and receiver set that provides an Transmits single link DVI-D signals up to
effective, economical solution for extending 500meters (1,640feet) over four multimode
single link DVI-D signals long distances over fiber optic cables
fiber optic cables. It uses all-digital technology All-digital technology provides pixel-for-pixel
to deliver perfect pixel-for-pixel transmission performance with signals up to 1920x1200, DVI 104 Tx/Rx shown with 4LC MM cable.
of computer-video images up to 1920x1200 including HDTV 1080p/60 and 2K 4LC MM cable must be ordered separately.
resolution, including HDTV 1080p/60 and 2K. EDID Minder automatically manages EDID
The DVI104 extends DVI-D signals over four communication between connected devices
multimode fiber optic cables at lengths up to Transmitter can be self-powered by source
500meters (1,640feet). signal
Transmitter and receiver detachable from cables
Direct device connection
Compatible with 4LCMM pre-terminated
multimode fiber optic cable assemblies available
from Extron
FOX II RS 104
Four Port Fiber Optic RS-232 Inserter
The Extron FOX II RS 104 is a four port FEATURES:
fiber optic RS-232 inserter for long-haul RS-232 insertion from the Ethernet port to one
transmission of control signals to remote or more of the fiber optic outputs
devices over fiber optic cabling. Each port Buffered outputs restore optical budget to
provides a bidirectional fiber optic connection maximize distance capabilities
to a FOX or FOXIISeries extender for the Output reclocking reshapes and restores the
insertion and extraction of control data, timing of a digital signal
while maintaining a continuous pass- Ethernet monitoring and control
through link for video and audio. Engineered Available as an 850nm multimode model for
with uncompromising quality and proven moderate-range transmissions up to 2km
performance, it uses Extron all-digital (1.25miles) and a 1310nm singlemode model
technology to deliver pixel-for-pixel DisplayPort, for extreme distances up to 30km (18.75miles)
HDMI, DVI, computer-video, and standard Industry standard LC connectors provide reliable
definition video. Output reclocking on the physical connectivity and precise fiber core
buffered fiber optic outputs ensures signal alignment
integrity, sending a fiber optic signal at its Real-time status LED indicators for
original power level. troubleshooting and monitoring
Compatible with Extron FOXSeries matrix
switchers for signal distribution systems up to
1000x1000 and larger
Compatible with Extron FOXSeries DisplayPort,
HDMI, DVI, VGA, VGA/YUV, and AV transmitters
and receivers
A B C D E F G H
ANAHEIM, CA
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
9 - 16
A B C D E F G H
A B C D E F G H
A B C D E F G H
100-240V 50/60Hz 1.2A MAX. PRIMARY POWER SUPPLY REDUNDANT POWER SUPPLY
RESET
RS-232/RS-422
REDUNDANT
CORDS BEFORE SERVICING
DISCONNECT BOTH POWER
REMOTE
TRI-LEVEL BI-LEVEL
Extron
LINK
PRIMARY
LAN
SWITCH
100-240V 50/60Hz 1.2A MAX.
REFERENCE
IP Link Pro
Extron Control Processor
FOX Matrix 3200
100-240V ~ 50-60Hz IPCP PRO 550
1 2 1 2 3 7 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 P WR O UT = 1 2 W
+ - + - T x R x G T x R x G T x R x G T x R x G RTS CTS S G S G S G S G +V +S - S G
eBUS
3 4 4 5 6 8 5 6 7 8 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 G
+ - + - T x R x G T x R x G T x R x G T x R x G RTS CTS S G S G S G S G
5A MAX 12 VDC COM IR/SERIAL RELAYS FLEX I/O
Ethernet
100-240 ~ 0.3A MAX
FOX ll RS 104
Tx Rx
1
Tx Rx Tx Rx
2
Tx Rx Tx Rx
3
Tx Rx Tx Rx
4
Tx Rx
Extron
RESET
FOX ll RS 104
50/60 Hz A B A B A B A B LAN
Fiber Optic RS-232 Inserter
Ethernet
TCP/IP
Network
Extron
FOXBOX Rx
DVI Plus
Fiber Optic
Receiver Ethernet
Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
AUDIO
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
LINK
TEMP
TEMP
TEMP
TEMP
OVER
OVER
OVER
OVER
DVI
DVI
DVI
DVI
FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus OPTICAL
Doc
Laptop PC DVD VCR Tuner 123
Cam
FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2 FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2 FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2 FOXBOX Rx DVI Plus Tx Rx 1 2 4 5 6
Mute Mute
Room
7 8 9
Control Last
More
Screen 0 Enter Presets
Extron
TLP Pro 1020T
10" Tabletop
TouchLink
Pro Touchpanel
Flat Panel Display 1 Flat Panel Display 2 Flat Panel Display 3 Flat Panel Display 4
www.extron.com 81
Audio and Control Products
Extron
SF 26X
Extron Two-Way
FOX DA8 Plus Open Back
Fiber Optic Distribution Amplifer 8 Ohm
Ceiling
Speakers
Extron
MPA 152 Plus
XD
A8
Plu
s
Power
Extron Amplifier
FO
Local
-232
(4)1x2
RS
(2)1x4
(1)1x8
Monitor
7 IN
OUTPUTS
T
OU
6 N/A
S
UT
Fiber Optic
T / 4 R
TP OU
REMOTE
8 S2 L
L OU 5 IN CLASNG
WIRI
TICA OU
T D C
G
OP Plus UTS
V
10V
50mA
4 N/A MPA
152 INP
L
R
T
OU
Transmitter
3 IN POW
ER
R
T C 12V MAX
0.7A
OU L
2 N/A
T
OU
A
0.3 1 IN
0V Hz T B
0-24 OU
10 50/60
203
T USW
FOX 9
577 M
N1 AR
OTE 32 AL
A 232 R
REM RS-2 RS-FIBE
R
TACT OVE
CON Rx
G
DIO 2
S M Tx AU 1
PUT G
32 R ALAR 3
OUT RS-2FIBE 2
Rx
Tx
1
LINK
Rx OVER
UT
2
1
Tx
TP
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Rx
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Tx
I-D
LINK
UTS
I DV DV
HDM
INP
ICA
L Rx
OPT OX
DE XB
IO MO FO
AUD R
2 WE
PO
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12V MA
Extron
I
HDM 1.0A
3
1
B-Y
, Y,
/R-Y
RGB
ER
POW
HRU
P-T
12V MAX
LOO
PC RGB
Fiber Optic Receiver DVI Output
Input
Audio Input AU
DIO
OVE
R
32 R AL
RS-2FIBE
1
AR
2
M
UT Rx
TP Tx
B OU
RG
A
VG
Rx
DE OX
MO XB
FO
ER
POW
X
12V MA
1.0A
Extron
FOXBOX Rx VGA
Fiber Optic Receiver Flat Panel
RGB Output
Display
M
AR
AL
232 R
RS-FIBE
R
OVE
DIO 2
AU 1
Rx
Tx
UT
Projector
TP
OU s
DV
I-D I Plu
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Rx
4G
DE OX
MO XB
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Extron
12V MA
1.0A
M
AR
32 R AL
RS-2FIBE
R
OVE
DIO 2
AU 1
UT Rx
TP Tx
B OU
RG
A
VG
Rx
DE OX
MO XB
FO
ER
POW
X
12V MA
1.0A
Extron
FOXBOX Rx VGA
Fiber Optic Receiver Flat Panel
RGB Output Display
Projector
www.extron.com 83
Matrix Switchers
www.extron.com 85
Matrix Switchers
FOX 3G I/O SM P
Fiber Optic 3G-SDI I/O Board for the FOX Matrix Series
The Extron FOX 3G I/O SM P board is available FEATURES: FOX 3G I/O 88 SM P
as an option for the FOXMatrixSeries modular Fiber optic 3G-SDI I/O board for the FOXMatrix
fiber optic matrix switchers, and enables the Series
transmission and distribution of fiber optic Automatically adapts to SMPTE and ITU digital
3G-SDI signals, including pathological signals, video standards for 3G-SDI, HD-SDI, and SDI FOX 3G I/O 1616 SM P
over singlemode fiber optic cabling. The Integrates easily into a wide range of 4K
board offers an 8x8 or 16x16 configuration environments
for switching and distribution of signals up to Immunity to pathological signal patterns
2.97Gbps, including 3G-SDI, HD-SDI, and Passes embedded audio, ancillary ID and
SDI. With the board, a FOXMatrix switcher can metadata information, and SD/HD-SDTI digital
be configured as a dedicated 3G-SDI matrix video signals
switcher, or with a combination of 3G-SDI Hot-swappable
and fiber optic matrix switching solutions. The Automatic output reclocking
FOX3GI/OSMP board can pass pathological Real-time status LED indicators for monitoring
signals, including those defined by RP 178 and and troubleshooting
RP 198, and is compliant with SMPTE297- JITC Certified
2006, 259M, 292M, 424M, and ITU digital
Available as a 1310nm singlemode I/O board for
video standards. extreme distances up to 30km (18.75miles)
FOX 3G HD-SDI P SM
FOX 3G HD-SDI
POWER OPTICAL
12V MODE
0.3A MAX
1 2
HD/SDI IN
TX Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
FOX 3G HD-SDI P SM
FOX 3G HD-SDI
POWER OPTICAL
12V MODE
0.3A MAX
1 2
FOX 3G HD-SDI P SM
HD/SDI IN
TX Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
FOX 3G HD-SDI
POWER OPTICAL
12V MODE
0.3A MAX
1 2
HD/SDI IN
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN TX Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
1-8
FAN ASSIMBLY A B C D E F G H
A B C D E F G H
A B C D E F G H
FOX 3G HD-SDI A B C D E F G H
POWER OPTICAL
12V MODE OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
0.3A MAX
33 - 40
1 2
HD/SDI IN A B C D E F G H
TX Rx BUFFERED OUTPUTS
OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN OUT IN
41 - 48
OUT
A
IN OUT
B
IN OUT
C
IN OUT
D
IN OUT
E
IN OUT
F
IN OUT
G
IN OUT
H
IN
49 - 56
A B C D E F G H
A B C D E F G H A B C D E F G H
57 - 64
PHONES
MUTI-RATE SDI INPUTS MUTI-RATE SDI OUTPUTS
A B C D E F G H A B C D E F G H
65 - 72
HOME F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6
PB PB IN OUT
RS232/RS422 ACT LINK RESET BI-LEVEL TRI-LEVEL
UNITY VARIABLE
REDUNDANT
100-240V
50/60Hz
1.2A MAX.
PRIMARY
100-240V
50/60Hz
1.2A MAX.
ANAHEIM, CA
NO
ITA
CIN
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xT MMO
C
PHONES
00:00:00:00
db db db db db SHIFT
0 0 0 0 0
10 10 10 10 10 ALARM SE FO
R R WA
20 20 20 20 20 CHANNEL KEY INHI VE
30 30 30 30 30 CONDITION RE RD
DISPLAY
40 40 40 40 40
FULL/FINE RESET
50 50 50 50 50
HOME F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6
1-4 L
LIST GOOD SHOT MARK TRIM REC REC INHI
EXT
REC/ PREROLL EDIT
INPUT CH1 5 CH2 6 CH3 7 CH4 8 IMX CUE MONITOR ERASE IN AUDIO OUT
REC 5-8 R STANDBY
MIXING DMC EDIT DELETE
ENTRY
MEMORY
REC REC
REW PLAY F FWD STOP
CH1 5 CH2 6 CH3 7 CH4 8 CUE PREVIEW AUTO EDIT REVIEW
PB PB IN OUT
UNITY VARIABLE
www.extron.com 87
Matrix Switchers
Extron Matrix 1K
Large-Scale Matrix Switcher Program 1000
or Larger
When it comes to large-scale matrix switching solutions for fiber
optic, digital, or analog signal routing applications, Extron has you
covered. Through the Extron Matrix 1K program, you can create 720
custom, scalable matrix switchers in all common signal types with
I/O sizes up to 1000x1000 and larger. Extron Matrix 1K switchers
are designed and engineered to your specific project requirements. 576
Matrix 1K digital and fiber optic matrix switchers start at 320x320,
INPUTS
while Matrix 1K analog matrix switchers start at 128x128. Regardless
of the size you need, Extron Matrix 1K switchers work with the same 432
ease of control and day in, day out reliability youve come to expect
from Extron.
320
To begin the process of configuring your Extron Matrix 1K switcher,
contact your local Extron sales office or Regional Accounts Manager.
An Extron Applications Engineer will be assigned to your project and
will work with you to ensure your complete satisfaction. 320 432 576 720 1000
or Larger
OUTPUTS
Extron Matrix 1K
switchers offer very large
scale routing capability to
handle the largest, most
complex venues.
Extron Matrix 1K switchers can be custom designed in sizes from 144x144 up to 1000x1000 and beyond.
www.extron.com 89
Matrix Switchers
www.extron.com 91
Cables, Connectors and Accessories
LC to LC LC to LC
Coupling Coupling
9V
FLS 101
FIBER LIGHT SOURCE WAVE ID
Set
850nm 1310nm
1300nm 1550nm dB
Ref
dBm
Extron
MM SM
FLS 101
FIBER POWER METER
POWER
Extron
Fiber Optic FPM 101 POWER
LC to LC LC to LC
Coupling Coupling
9V
FLS 101
FIBER LIGHT SOURCE WAVE ID
Set
850nm 1310nm
1300nm 1550nm dB
Ref
dBm
Extron
MM SM
FLS 101
Tone
FIBER POWER METER
POWER
Extron
Fiber Optic FPM 101 POWER
OM4 MM P
Bend-Insensitive Laser-Optimized Duplex Multimode Fiber - Plenum
Extron OM4 MM P multimode fiber is available FEATURES:
as a plenum rated bulk duplex fiber optic cable Laser-optimized OM4 multimode fiber
on a 2 km roll. Ideal for moderate to long Bend-insensitive
distances up to 2 km, Extron laser-optimized OFNP plenum-rated jacket
multimode fiber provides superior bandwidth Durable duplex zip-cord cable construction
and ensures pixel-perfect transmission of high Standard 2 mm duplex fiber optic cable for easy
resolution video, audio, and control signals. termination
The OM4 MM P is also a bend-insensitive
fiber optic cable featuringa tight bend
radius to minimize bending loss and simplify
installation.Laser-optimized, OM4 performance
ensures an AV fiber optic cable infrastructure
that supports the highest resolutions.
SM P
Bend-Insensitive Duplex Singlemode Fiber - Plenum
Extron SM P singlemode fiber is available as FEATURES:
a plenum rated bulk duplex fiber cable on Bend-insensitive singlemode fiber
a 2km roll. The SMP is a bend-insensitive OFNP plenum-rated jacket
fiber featuring a tight bend radius to minimize Durable duplex zip-cord cable construction
bending loss and simplify installation. Standard 2 mm duplex fiber optic cable for easy
Singlemode fiber's low-loss provides extreme termination
performance to transmit AV signals over very
long distances up to 30km or 18.75miles.
www.extron.com 93
Cables, Connectors and Accessories
2LC OM4 MM P
LC to LC Laser-Optimized Multimode Fiber Optic Cable Assemblies - Plenum
Extron2LC OM4 MM P multimode fiber optic FEATURES:
duplex cable assemblies are availablein Laser-optimized OM4 multimode fiber
various lengths from 1 meter to 60 meters. Bend-insensitive
Ideal for moderate to long distances up to 2 OFNP plenum-rated jacket
km, Extron laser-optimized multimode fiber Durable duplex zip-cord cable construction
provides superior bandwidth and ensures pixel- Terminated with industry standard LC
perfect transmission of high-resolution, video, connectors
audio, and control signals. The 2LC OM4 Available in lengths from 1 meter (3.3 feet) to
MM P is also a bend-insensitive fiber optic 60 meters (197 feet)
cable featuring a tight bend radius to minimize
bending loss and simplify installation. Laser-
optimized, OM4 performance ensures an AV
fiber optic cable infrastructure that supports the
highest resolutions.
2LC SM P
LC to LC Bend-Insensitive Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable Assemblies - Plenum
Extron 2LC SM P bend-insensitivesinglemode
fiber optic cable assembliesare availablein FEATURES:
various lengths from 1 meter to 60 meters. Bend-insensitive singlemode fiber
Bend-insensitive fiber features a tight bend OFNP plenum-rated jacket
radius to minimize bending loss and simplify Durable duplex zip-cord cable construction
installation. Singlemode fiber's low-loss Terminated with industry standard LC
provides extreme performance to transmit AV connectors
signals over very long distances up to 30 km or Available in lengths from 1 meter (3.3 feet) to
18.75 miles. 60 meters (197 feet)
www.extron.com 95
Standards for Fiber Optic Cables
Fiber optic cables are covered by multiple codes and standards including flame ratings, performance ratings, and design standards. Safety
codes and standards specify where cables may be installed, such as vertical runs and air handling spaces, based on the jacket material
and flame rating. Cables are flame-rated for use in risers, plenums, and general use. Performance standards address and define technical
specifications, rules, and guidelines to promote compatibility of components and systems in telecommunications networks. Cable design
and construction codes and standards address requirements for indoor, outdoor, and combination indoor/outdoor applications.
Performance standards have been defined by multiple organizations, is recommended for new installations of multimode fiber and is the
including: fiber of choice for installers concerned with future-proofing their
systems.
ISO - International Organization for Standardization
IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission Singlemode Fiber Standards
TIA - Telecommunications Industry Association OS1 and OS2 are standard designations that identify singlemode
ITU - International Telecommunication Union fibers. ISO/IEC11801 specifies performance requirements for OS1,
and ISO/IEC24702 specifies for OS2, as listed in Table 3.
Multimode Fiber Standards
Multimode fibers are categorized by their bandwidth performance OS1 is the original type of singlemode fiber, and is the most
as it relates to modal dispersion. Most of the performance commonly installed type for long distance applications. In
specifications have been reconciled to the ISO/IEC specifications. anticipation of future higher bandwidth needs, it also exists as
ISO/IEC11801 identifies four categories for multimode fibers dark fiber in many facilities. OS1 continues to be popular for new
OM1, OM2, OM3, and OM4 based on performance criteria as singlemode installations.
shown in Table 2.
OS2 fiber is a newer singlemode fiber type that is specified for
OM1 and OM2 fibers are legacy standards for multimode fiber that transmission at the 1383nm wavelength. It is designed for use
are used on 10Mbps and 100Mbps networks. These fiber types with CWDM systems due to low attenuation at this wavelength.
are designed for use with LED light sources, and are considered OS2 fiber is defined as an "outdoor" cable, but can also be used
obsolete by TIA-942-A Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard indoors. ISO standards only define attenuation for OS2 in loose
for Data Centers. OM1 and OM2 are for legacy applications and tube cables that are common in outdoor applications, OS2 fiber
should not be used for new installations. attenuation tends to be higher in tight-buffered cables used for
indoor applications.
OM3 is the first generation of laser-optimized multimode fiber. It is
used for networks operating up to 10Gbps with 850nm VCSEL OS1 and OS2 fiber have similar performance capabilities for
light sources. OM3 fiber represents the minimum performance most installations. However, OS1 fiber has higher attenuation at
standard for new installations. wavelengths near 1383nm, and may not be suitable for CWDM
applications. OS2 fiber is designed for transmission of all CWDM
Designed for high speed data networks, OM4 is the newest standard wavelengths. Due to the large installed base of OS1 fiber, many
for laser-optimized multimode fiber. It enables the transmission of CWDM applications avoid using wavelengths around 1383nm. The
higher data rates over longer distances than OM3type fiber. OM4 differences between OS1 and OS2 are summarized in Table 4.
Table 2.
ISO/IEC 11801 Optical Fiber Categories
Max Attenuation Overfill Launch Effective Mode Equivalent or
Core Diameter (dB/km) Bandwidth (MHz-km) Bandwidth (MHz-km) Related Performance
Category (m) 850 / 1310 nm 850 / 1310 nm @ 850 nm Standards
TIA 492-AAAA
OM1 62.5 3.5 / 1.5 200 / 500 N/A IEC 60793-2-10, A1b
ISO/IEC 11801 OM1
TIA 492-AAAB
IEC 60793-2-10, A1a.1
OM2 50 3.5 / 1.5 500 / 500 N/A
ISO/IEC 11801, OM2
ITU G.651.1
TIA 492-AAAC
OM3 50 3.5 / 1.5 1500 / 500 2000 IEC 60793-2-10, A1a.2
ISO/IEC 11801, OM3
TIA 492-AAAD
OM4 50 3.5 / 1.5 3500 / 500 4700 IEC 60793-2-10, A1a.3
ISO/IEC 11801, OM4
www.extron.com 97
Standards for Fiber Optic Cables
Table 3. Table 4.
OS1 and OS2 Fiber Specifications OS1 and OS2 Fiber Comparison
Maximum Attenuation (dB/km) Equivalent or Related OS1 Fiber OS2 Fiber
Performance May not be suitable for Can be used for CWDM applications
Category 1310 nm 1383 nm 1550 nm Standards CWDM applications
IEC 60793-2-50, B1.1 1.0 dB/km maximum 0.4 dB/km maximum attenuation at
OS1 1.0 N/A 1.0 ITU G.652.A attenuation at 1310 nm and 1310 nm, 1383 nm, and 1550 nm
ITU G.652.B 1550 nm wavelengths wavelengths
(loose tube cables only)
IEC 60793-2-50, B1.3
OS2 0.4 0.4 0.4 ITU G.652.C See manufacturers datasheets for
ITU G.652.D attenuation in other cable types.
Table 5.
Indoor Cable Standards
IEC 60794-2-11:2012
Detailed specification for simplex and duplex cables for use in premises cabling.
and BS EN 60794-2-11:2012
IEC 60794-2-21:2012
Detailed specification for multi-fiber optical distribution cables for use in premises cabling.
and BS EN 60794-2-21:2012
IEC 60794-2-31:2012
Detailed specification for optical fiber ribbon cables for use in premises cabling.
and BS EN 60794-2-31:2013
Table 6.
Outdoor Cable Standards
IEC 60794-3-12:2012 Detailed specification for duct and directly buried optical telecommunication cables for use
and BS EN 60794-3-12:2013 in premises cabling.
IEC 60794-3-21:2015 Detailed specification for optical self-supporting aerial telecommunication cables for use in
and BS EN 60794-3-21:2016 premises cabling.
ANSI/ICEA S-87-640 Standard for Optical Fiber Outside Plant Communications Cable
Table 7.
Indoor / Outdoor Cable Standards
ICEA S-104-696 Standard for Indoor / Outdoor Fiber Optical Cable
Table 8.
Cable Test Standards
ISO/IEC 14763-3 Detailed Specification for testing fiber optic cabling
All Dielectric
B
In fiber optics, this denotes the presence of only dielectric, or non-
metal elements. Back Reflection
Light within an optical fiber that is reflected back toward the source.
Amplitude Modulation AM This typically occurs at interfaces between the fiber and the connector
An analog method of encoding a transmitted or carrier signal by where an air gap causes the reflection.
varying its magnitude in relation to the information being sent. Using
amplitude modulation, first generation fiber optic AV transmitters vary Backscattering
the intensity of the light to encode analog video and audio signals on The portion of light within an optical fiber that is scattered back
optical carriers. toward the source. An OTDR relies on backscattering to indirectly
measure insertion loss, check for faults, and verify splices.
Anaerobic
For fiber optics, this describes a method of bonding optical fibers via Bend-Insensitive Fiber
a non-heat, intrinsic chemical reaction within an adhesive material. An A special type of fiber optic cable that tolerates bends and stresses
anaerobic adhesive does not require air to cure. with minimal effect on optical loss. Bend-insensitive fiber is available in
both multimode and singlemode varieties.
www.extron.com 99
Fiber Optic Glossary
reflection occurs. In an optical fiber, light that strikes the boundary Detector
between the core and cladding greater than the critical angle is A device within fiber optic receivers that converts optical energy to
internally reflected within the core as it travels along the fiber. electrical energy.
www.extron.com 101
Fiber Optic Glossary
Fan-Out Kit
E In fiber optics, a kit designed for use with loose tube cable with bare
fiber bundles in each buffer tube. The kit enables termination as well
Effective Modal Bandwidth EMB as protection of these bare fibers.
In fiber optics, the modal bandwidth of a multimode fiber when using
a laser as a light source. EMB is also referred to as laser launch Fault
bandwidth. In fiber optics, any part of an optical fiber that deviates from normal
performance.
Electrode
In a fusion splicer, the component which discharges electricity to Fault Finder
enable two optical fibers to be fused or welded together. A simplified optical time domain reflectometer OTDR, an
instrument used to detect breaks within a run of optical fiber. Also
Electromagnetic Interference EMI known as a Fiber Break Locator.
A disturbance that affects an electrical circuit due to either induction
or radiation of energy from an electric or magnetic field emitted by an Ferrule
external source. A precision tube which centers an optical fiber and provides
stabilization and precise alignment. A ferrule may be part of a
Encircled Flux - EF connector or a mechanical splice.
A method of characterizing the light at the end of a test reference
cable when performing fiber optic loss measurements in multimode Ferrule Connector FC
fiber as specified in TIA-526-14-B. A screw-type optical fiber connector that features a keying
mechanism. FCs are typically designated as FC/PC, FC/SPC, or FC/
End Finish APC to denote physical contact, super physical contact, or angled
The end-face of an optical fiber at the ferrule finished or polished to physical contact, respectively.
be smooth in order to minimize signal loss or back-reflection. PC,
SPC, UPC, and APC polishing finishes are available for singlemode Fiber
connectors. The basic optical transmission element. The components of a fiber
include the core, surrounded by the cladding, and then a coating for
Entrance Facility protection. Specific optical properties of the core and cladding enable
In fiber optic applications, the entrance to a building for fiber optic light to be contained within the core as it travels along the fiber.
cables.
Fiber Break Locator
Epoxy An instrument used as a simplified method of locating breaks within
An adhesive that bonds between surfaces by means of a chemical an optical fiber. Also known as a Fault Finder.
reaction in which the adhesive cures as it dries. Epoxy is used in fiber
optic applications to adhere a connector ferrule to the fiber. Fiber Coating
A coating surrounding the cladding of an optical fiber during the draw
Ethernet Passive Optical Network EPON process to protect the fiber from handling and the environment.
An IEEE 802.3 standard PON architecture for transmitting standard
gigabit Ethernet frames with symmetric 1Gbps upstream and Fiber Distribution Unit FDU
downstream rates. Also referred to as Gigabit Ethernet PON or An enclosure that houses and organizes groups of optical fibers.
GEPON.
Fiber Optic Cable
Extrinsic Joint Loss A telecommunications cable comprising one or more optical fibers.
The portion of optical signal loss at a joint that is not intrinsic to the
optical fibers, usually caused by misalignment between the fibers, end Fiber Optics
separation, and imperfections in the end finish of either fiber. The transmission of light through optical fibers for telecommunications
applications.
F Fiber Plant
All the installed fiber, splices, patch panels, and connectors in a
structured cabling installation.
FabryPerot FP Laser
A standard laser diode that uses a laser oscillator comprised of two Fiber Surface Finish
mirrors with an amplifying medium between them. An FP laser is A term describing or denoting the quality of the polishing at the end
constructed as an edge-emitting semiconductor laser diode that of a fiber.
operates at 1310nm for singlemode fiber.
Fiber to the Building/Business FTTB
Fiber optic service to a business or building.
Index of Refraction
The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a
material. Also known as the refractive index.
www.extron.com 103
Fiber Optic Glossary
Innerduct L
A duct, usually non-metallic, that may be placed within cable trays
or HVAC ducts, to be used as conduit for installation of fiber optic
cables. Lapping Film
Sheets of film used for polishing ferrule end-faces, comprising a film
Insertion Loss backing with mineral particles at various ratings for grit or coarseness.
The loss of optical power as a result of incorporating components
such as connectors, couplers, or splices into an optical fiber system. Laser
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. An optical
Inspection Scope source that generates coherent light within a narrow band of
A microscope specifically for inspecting fiber optic connectors. wavelengths.
Lightguide
J Also known as an optical waveguide or optical fiber, a glass or plastic
fiber with the ability to guide light along its axis. It comprises a core at
the center, surrounded by a cladding with a lower refractive index to
Jacket keep the light within the core through total internal reflection.
Outer protective covering of a wire or cable.
Link
An optical cable with connectors attached to the transmitter and
receiver.
Loss Mid-Entry
In fiber optics, the loss of optical power in connectors, splices, and In fiber optics, the opening up of a fiber optic cable mid-span in order
fiber defects as light passes through a fiber optic system. to access the fibers inside.
M Modal Dispersion
In fiber optics, the dispersion of a single optical pulse into various
modes which arrive at the light receiving device at different times. This
Macrobending
limits the performance of multimode optical fiber.
A term that describes a macroscopic deviation of an optical fibers
axis from a straight line due to bending, to the extent that optical loss
Mode
occurs. Excessive macrobending enables the light traveling down the
A path for light within an optical fiber. Singlemode fiber comprises a
core to strike the core-cladding boundary at an angle of incidence
single path, while in multimode fiber, there are multiple light paths.
less than the critical angle. A portion of the light transmits into the
core and is lost.
Mode Field Diameter MFD
A measure of the spot size or beam width of light propagating in a
Main Cross-Connect MC
singlemode optical fiber. Usually this is 20% larger than the diameter
The central portion of a facilitys backbone cabling that provides
of the core.
connectivity between equipment rooms, entrance facilities, horizontal
cross-connects, and intermediate cross-connects.
Mode Filter
A device that removes higher-order modes in multimode fiber.
Main Distribution Frame MDF
A signal distribution frame that connects lines from the outside and
Multimode Fiber MMF
lines on the inside.
An optical fiber that allows for the propagation of more than one
mode or light path. It is commonly used with LED light sources for
Matched-Clad Optical Fiber
shorter distance links.
A singlemode optical fiber with a cladding of uniform refractive index,
favored for being less susceptible to bending and splice losses.
Multiple Termination Plug MTP
A small form factor SFF plug for multiple fibers.
Mechanical Splice
A splice between optical fibers accomplished by using a mechanical
fixture and an index gel, rather than by thermal fusion.
N
Messenger Wire
A wire that is used as the supporting element of a suspended aerial Nanometer nm
cable. This wire may be an integral part of, or external to the cable. A nanometer, or one billionth (10-9) of a meter.
www.extron.com 105
Fiber Optic Glossary
Photon
O An elementary unit of light with both waveform and particle properties.
Physical Contact PC
Optical Access Network OAN
In fiber optics, the point at which a glass surface, such as that of
Fiber optic cables, splitters, and couplers installed between service
a fiber, physically touches another glass surface, usually that of a
providers and customers.
connector. PC polished connectors can be used with SPC or UPC
polished connectors but are not compatible with APC polished
Optical Density connectors. Intermixing APC polished connectors with UPC/SPC/PC
The property of a material that causes light to travel at a slower speed
polished connectors can damage the fiber optic cable or equipment.
than that of light traveling through a vacuum.
Multimode applications always use PC, SPC, or UPC polished
connectors.
Optical Distribution Network ODN
A fiber optic network within an OAN that delivers a single optical
Physical Plant
signal from a service provider to multiple nodes or terminals.
Infrastructure components including cable, connectors, splices,
panels, splitters, repeaters, and regenerators necessary to propagate
Optical Loss Test Set OLTS the light signal between the transmitters and receivers of a fiber optic
Test equipment for singlemode or multimode optical fiber comprising system.
a light source and a power meter, used to measure optical signal loss
along the fiber and any connectors in between.
Pigtail
A short length of cable with one end terminated with a connector and
Optical Return Loss ORL the other end spliced or hard-wired to existing cable or equipment.
A measure, in dB, of the amount of optical power reflected within a
fiber optic pathway due to the fiber and optical components.
Pigtail Assembly
A short length of fiber optic cable with one end terminated with a
Optical Time Domain Reflectometer OTDR connector, and the other end fixed to a transmitter, receiver, or long
An instrument in fiber optics used to measure backscattered light in length of cable via a splice.
the detection of loss and defects along a span of optical fiber.
Pitting
Output Power In fiber optics, an undesirable end-face polishing condition resulting
In fiber optics, this is the radiant power, expressed in watts or dBm. from the use of lapping film that has been contaminated with fiber
optic and grit particles. Pitting can also denote small cracks in the
Overfilled Launch Condition OFL end-face due to exposure of cleaning agents to intense light through
In fiber optics, a condition where the incoming light has a spot size a fiber.
and numerical apertureNA larger than acceptable by the fiber.
Typically associated with LED transmission and multimode cable. Plastic Optical Fiber POF
Optical fibers in which the core and cladding are made of plastic.
The diameter of the core is often larger than that of glass fiber.
P
Plug
Passive Optical LAN POL In AV and fiber optics, this is also known as the male connector.
A fiber optic network for enterprise local area networks that is based
upon gigabit passive optical network technology. Polarization Mode Dispersion
In fiber optics, the effect of light traveling at different speeds
dependent upon the orientation of the light wave as it travels down
the fiber. Polarization mode dispersion primarily affects singlemode
fiber over very long distances.
Receiver Ripcord
In fiber optics, this is the device at the receiving end of a fiber A cord of strong yarn, situated under the cable jacketing, used to
optic system that converts an optical signal to an electrical facilitate stripping and removal of the jacket.
signal, and houses the necessary signal processing to output
telecommunications, data, or AV signals.
www.extron.com 107
Fiber Optic Glossary
Source
Sag
The optical source in a fiber optic system, usually an LED or laser
A measure of the amount of sag in a fiber optic cable, taken at the
diode.
midpoint of a span of cable between two points of support.
Speed of Light
Sag Section
2.998 x 108 meters per second in free space.
A section defining a span of fiber optic cable between two points of
support.
Splice
A permanent connection between the ends of two optical fibers by
Sag Span
mechanically joining them together, or heating to fuse them together.
A span selected within a sag section, used as a control to determine
the proper sag, and therefore, tension of a fiber optic cable. At least
Splice Closure
two, and normally three sag spans in a sag section are required to
A housing designed to protect splices in an optical fiber from
sag a section properly.
damage, sealing them from the external environment.
Sag Tension
Splice Organizer
The tension at which a fiber optic cable is designed to be installed.
A device that facilitates the splicing of optical fibers, and serves as
their permanent storage.
Scattering
The change in direction of light rays or photons after striking small
Splice Panel
atomic particles, including the molecular structure of the glass, within
A rack or wall-mounted panel that allows fiber optic cables to be
the core of the fiber. Scattering is the primary source of attenuation in
organized and spliced. The panel holds splice trays, cable routing,
optical fiber.
and slack storage.
Scribe
Splice Protector
Scratching the surface of the fiber so that it can be precisely and
In fiber optics, a device used to provide protection and mechanical
cleanly cut at a right angle to the fiber axis.
strength to a fusion splice, so that it can be handled and organized
into a splice tray or other storage.
Scribe Tool
A device consisting of a scribing blade, usually made from diamond
Splice Tray
or tungsten carbide, used to scribe, or score a fiber to allow for a
A container that is used to secure, organize, and protect individual
clean break and a smooth end-face.
spliced optical fibers.
Service Loop
Stapler Cleaver
A deliberately allotted slack of fiber optic cable, in a splice tray,
A low-cost tool used to trim standard multimode fiber in preparation
closure, vault, or communications output, to accommodate future
for termination. Also called a pocket cleaver or beaver tail cleaver,
needs.
this stapler-shaped tool is not recommended for singlemode or
laser-optimized multimode fiber. For a more meticulous trim, use a
Sheath
precision cleaver.
Also known as a cable jacket, the outer protective covering of wire or
fiber optic cable.
Step Index Fiber
A fiber in which the refractive index is uniform throughout the core.
Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing - SWDM
On the other hand, for a graded index fiber, the refractive index of the
SWDM is the combining of multiple signals, typically four, onto a
core radially varies between the fiber axis and the cladding.
multimode fiber. Each signal operates at a unique wavelength in the
range of 850 nm to 953 nm.
Straight Tip ST
A popular legacy fiber optic connector with a twist lock design similar
Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNR
to a BNC. The ST connector has a 2.5 mm ferrule.
Also stated as "S/N ratio". The ratio is expressed in decibels as a
ratio between the signal level and that of the noise accompanying the
Stripper
signal. The higher the S/N ratio, the better the quality of the signal.
A tool used to remove the jacket that surrounds a cable or an
individual wire within the cable. In fiber optics, a stripper is used to
remove the buffer coating from an optical fiber.
Terminator
A device that provides termination for a signal line or several signal lines V
at the end of a cable. Usually a close-tolerance resistor for each signal,
a terminator is often mounted in its own enclosed connector, making it
easy to install. In fiber optics, an optical plug used to fully terminate the
Vault
A storage product that houses fiber optic cable slack and splice trays.
optical path so no light is reflected back toward the source.
www.extron.com 109
Fiber Optic Glossary
Waveguide Dispersion
The distortion of an electromagnetic signal, or in the case of fiber
optics, light as it encounters a waveguide and is dispersed into
multiple components of different modes or wavelengths.
Wavelength
The distance from one peak to the next between identical points in
adjacent waves of electromagnetic signals propagated in space or
along a wire. Wavelength is usually specified in meters, centimeters,
or millimeters. In the case of infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, and
gamma radiation, the wavelength is usually specified in nanometers
(10e-9 meter) or Angstroms (10e-10 meter). Wavelength is inversely
related to frequency. The higher the frequency of the signal, the
shorter the wavelength.
White Light
A blend of multiple colors of the visible portion of electromagnetic
spectrum, resulting in light that is white in color to the human eye.
Zipcord
A cable comprising two jacketed wires or optical fibers that are
conjoined together and can be separated.
What is a photodetector?
A photodetector is a semiconductor device that converts an optical
signal into an electrical signal. A photodetector is used in a fiber optic
receiver to convert optical AV signals.
www.extron.com 111
Frequently Asked Questions
How does Extron handle analog video signals in its What are the advantages of fiber optic AV systems in
fiber optic products? medical applications?
Extron fiber optic products convert analog signals to digital signals Medical systems need to isolate electrical equipment from the patient
for an all-digital transmission of video, audio, and control signals. for safety, usually have space constraints for cable runs, and must
Converting the analog video signal to a digital signal for optical limit the effect of electrical interference on other sensitive medical
transmission ensures the highest quality video. equipment. Additionally, high-voltage video displays must be isolated
from medical imaging machines. Often, the displays are mounted
on booms so that they can be adjusted for optimal viewing by the
surgeon and other medical staff. This type of mounting system
Fiber Optic Applications requires that the cabling medium be small but also strong. Since fiber
optic cables are made of glass, they isolate displays from medical
imaging devices, are small enough to fit inside of mounting booms,
How far can I transmit an AV signal on an optical fiber?
and emit no electrical signals that could affect other equipment.
Optical AV signals can be transmitted for several kilometers or miles
on singlemode fiber, and hundreds of meters or thousands of feet
What are the advantages of fiber optic AV systems in
on multimode fiber. Newer, laser-optimized multimode fiber may
extend transmission distances up to 2km. Typically, multimode fiber hazardous environments?
is used within buildings, between floors or on the same floor, while There are often explosive or flammable vapors or gases in hazardous
singlemode fiber is designed for long haul transmission between environments. If a copper wire carrying an electrical signal breaks,
buildings on a campus or between facilities. there is usually a spark, which can ignite the vapors in this type of
environment. Since fiber optic cables carry light, they do not spark if
What AV applications require fiber technology? broken. For this reason, fiber optic cable is often used in hazardous
environments.
Fiber optical technology is ideal when transmitting video, audio,
and control signals over long distances, in secure or hazardous
environments, or anywhere future-proofing an AV system is What are the advantages of fiber optic AV systems in
important. Long distance transmission makes fiber optic products electrically noisy environments?
ideal for installation in stadiums, college campuses, medical facilities, Heavy equipment, such as industrial machinery, air conditioners, and
corporate campuses, performing arts centers, concert halls, and motors emit strong electrical signals that can interfere with AV signals
office buildings. Low signal emissions make fiber optic products carried in nearby copper wires. Made of glass, fiber optic cables
preferred for secure environments such as military or government do not pick up stray electrical signals, and are immune to electrical
applications. Fiber optics is the ideal technology for multi-gigabit interference.
digital video standards, ensuring that an AV system is upgradable to
future standards. How can fiber optic technology future-proof an AV
system?
What are the advantages of fiber AV systems in large The transition to digital video standards and higher resolutions has
venues and long haul transmissions? revealed the many limitations of copper cabling. High resolution digital
Optical fiber is low-loss compared to electrical wire, and can transmit video signals run at multi-gigabit data rates, pushing copper cabling
a signal over very long distances without the need of a repeater. to its limits. Installing fiber optic cables in today's systems provides
Comparatively, optical transmission is lower in cost than electrical a path for future video signals, including emerging 4K and Ultra HD
transmission for long distances. standards. Fiber optic cable is an ideal cabling solution for the multi-
gigabit data rates and long distances required in future AV systems.
Design Considerations
How does the size and weight of fiber cable compare Can singlemode and multimode fiber be intermixed?
to coaxial cable? Developing a system that uses both singlemode and multimode
Optical fiber is much smaller and lighter than electrical cables, and fiber is possible if using a switching system that supports both fiber
has a capacity that is thousands of times greater than coaxial cable. types, such as the Extron FOXMatrix Series. Singlemode fiber must
A 1,000meter (3,280foot) length of a 24-fiber distribution cable be connected to a singlemode port, and multimode fiber must be
weighs 46pounds and is 8.7mm (0.33inches) in diameter, compared connected to a multimode port. Directly connecting singlemode and
to a 24-cable bundle of RG-6 that weighs 3,600pounds and has multimode fiber is not recommended as the difference in core sizes
nearly five times the diameter at 38mm (1.5inches). In practice, introduces losses into the system.
however, it would be impossible to transmit high resolution digital
video over 1,000meters of RG-6, while the fiber optic cable has What are the types of fiber optic connectors?
more than enough capacity to carry multiple HD video signals over Common types of fiber optic connectors include the ST, SC, FC/PC,
thousands of meters with pixel-for-pixel performance. FC/ APC, and LC. The LC connector is very popular due to its high
performance, small size, and ease of use. Multi-fiber connectors are
When should singlemode fiber be used in an AV also gaining popularity. The MTP/MPO are the preferred connector
system? type for 40Gbps and 100Gbps data transmission standards.
Singlemode fiber is ideal for long haul transmissions of up to 30km
(18.75miles). It is ideal for transmitting signals between buildings What if I am installing equipment that uses a different
on a college or corporate campus. It can also be used for long haul connector than the existing fiber infrastructure?
transmission between separate facilities. The ST and SC connectors have often been standardized for
legacy fiber installations. However, the LC connector is preferred for
When should multimode fiber be used in an AV system? modern installations due to its compact size, self-locking feature, and
Multimode fiber is used to transmit signals for hundreds of meters alignment capability. The recommended solution is to terminate each
or thousands of feet. It is ideal for transmitting signals between end of the cable with the appropriate connector type. Alternatively,
floors of a building, or from an equipment room to a wide variety of an adapter can be used with a patch cable to convert from one
presentation rooms and spaces. connector type to another.
What type of multimode fiber should be used for new What is an optical loss budget?
installations? An optical loss budget is the maximum amount of optical loss or
OM4 or OM3 laser-optimized multimode fiber is recommended for attenuation allowable in a fiber optic link. It is calculated as the
all new installations, and OM4 is preferred. The resolution and color difference between the output power of the transmitter and the
depth of video signals continue to climb. OM4 or better fiber optic sensitivity of the receiver.
cable provides a level of future-proofing as video resolution and data
rates continue to rise. OM1 and OM2 fiber are for legacy applications How is an optical loss budget used in AV system
only, and are considered obsolete by TIA-942-A. design?
The total amount of loss in the fiber optic link is calculated by adding
What type of multimode fiber should be used when up attenuation caused by glass fiber, connectors, splices, and
adding to an existing installation? other optical components. This number is subtracted from the loss
Mixing multimode fiber with different core sizes in a single fiber run is budget to determine the loss margin. A loss margin of at least 3dB
usually not recommended. If existing fiber runs are being extended is recommended to account for future cabling repairs and aging of
through fusing or connecting fibers together, the same fiber core size optical components.
is normally used. However, if the installed fiber does not have the
capacity to handle signals due to the upgrade, it may be necessary to What types of fiber optic cables are available for AV
install OM4 or OM3 cable. applications?
Fiber optic cables are available in many different construction types
Why is singlemode fiber less costly than multimode depending on the application. As with other types of indoor cable,
fiber? fiber optic indoor cables are available as riser or plenum-rated.
Singlemode fiber has a step index core, while multimode fiber has Outdoor cables are available as aerial cables or direct burial. Armored
a graded index core with very tight performance requirements. cables are also available to provide extra protection from rodents or
Therefore, singlemode fiber is less costly to manufacture. tampering.
Why not always use singlemode fiber? What is dark fiber and how is it used for AV systems?
Laser light sources and photodetectors used for singlemode Dark fiber is pre-installed fiber optic cable that was installed for
applications are significantly more expensive than those used for future use but is not currently being used. Structured cabling is often
multimode. This difference translates into higher equipment costs for installed with extra fiber optic cables for future expansion. If available,
singlemode systems. dark fiber can be used to install new AV equipment without the
www.extron.com 113
Frequently Asked Questions
Design Considerations
added cost of installing new fiber. When signals are being transmitted cable available. It has the information-carrying capacity to handle the
between floors of a building or between buildings on a campus, the highest resolution video resolutions in use today, and is designed to
availability of dark fiber will simplify the installation. handle even higher resolution video signals of the future.
Extron Products Extron offers a pre-polished, no-epoxy fiber optic termination system
for quick, reliable termination of multimode and singlemode fiber optic
cables. The Extron Fiber Optic TerminationKit includes all of the tools
What types of fiber optic products does Extron offer? and equipment needed to strip, prepare, cleave, and terminate a fiber
Extron offers fiber optic matrix switchers, switchers, distribution optic cable using Extron QuickLC Fiber Optic Connectors. A visual
amplifiers, signal processors, extenders, cables, and accessories. fault locator VFL is included in the kit to provide a visual indication
Extron products enable long-haul transmission of DisplayPort, HDMI, of a properly terminated fiber optic connector.
DVI, 3G-SDI, high resolution RGB or HD component, and standard
definition video, as well as audio, RS-232 and IR control, and USB What type of fiber optic test equipment does Extron
signals over fiber optic cable at extreme distances up to 30km offer?
(18.75miles). Extron offers a Fiber Optic Test Set with all of the tools needed to
measure optical power and loss in multimode and singlemode fiber
What types of fiber do Extron fiber optic products optic AV equipment and cabling. The light source includes both a
support? multimode LED output that operates at 850nm and 1300nm, and
Extron fiber optic products include models for both multimode fiber at a singlemode laser output that operates at 1310nm and 1550nm.
850nm wavelength and singlemode fiber at 1310nm wavelength. The power meter, compatible with both multimode and singlemode
fiber and featuring an easy-to-read LCD display, is used for measuring
insertion loss in dB and optical power in dBm or watts.
What are the advantages of Extron all-digital
technology?
What training does Extron offer for using fiber optic
Extron all-digital technology delivers pixel-for-pixel transmission of
technologies in AV systems?
video signals to ensure optimal image quality at high resolutions.
Extron offers advanced fiber optic training as part of the School
of Emerging Technologies. The School of Emerging Technologies
What is the advantage of LC-type connectors on Extron
provides in-depth instruction designed to allow system designers
products? and integrators to master additional AV technologies within a short
The LC-type connector used on Extron products is very popular time span. The training concentrates on new as well as evolving
in fiber optics, due to its high performance, small size, reliable technologies, helping to refine digital AV system design by teaching
connectivity, and precise core alignment. concepts and techniques for different technologies. The student-
instructor ratio is kept low to ensure that each class member receives
What types of fiber optic cabling products does Extron individual attention. The School of Emerging Technologies provides
offer? instructor-led training and demonstration, along with hands-on
experiences in real-world scenarios to reinforce understanding of the
Extron offers fiber optic bulk cables and factory-terminated fiber
technologies.
optic cable assemblies in both OM4 laser-optimized multimode and
singlemode varieties. All Extron fiber optic cables are bend-insensitive
to simplify installation and reduce bend-induced losses. Extron cables
also include an ONFP-rated jacket for installation in plenum or riser
spaces.
Installation
What skills are needed to install optical fiber for AV How do you repair a broken fiber?
systems? Common methods for repairing broken fibers include fusion splicing,
The skills needed to install fiber optic cabling are similar to the mechanical splicing, or connector splicing. The most appropriate
skills required for installing copper cabling. Fiber optic cables are method depends on the optical loss budget, the application type,
constructed with strength members to allow pulling for long cable what equipment is available, and the skills of the repair technician.
runs. Field termination kits are available that make fiber termination as In most cases, a fusion or mechanical splice is used for repairs.
easy as terminating coaxial cable. Also, as with electrical installations, A connector splice is generally used when another component or
installers need to be trained prior to working with fiber cables. device must be installed in line with the fiber.
How far can I bend optical fibers during installation? What is a mechanical splice?
Manufacturers specify the minimum bend radius for optical fiber. It is A mechanical splice is a device that holds two fiber ends in a precisely
extremely important not to bend the fiber beyond the manufacturer's aligned position to enable light to pass from one fiber to another.
recommendation. If the specifications are unknown, the rule of thumb Index matching gel is used to hold the cores together.
is that the minimum bend radius is 20 times the cable diameter
for standard fiber optic cable. Many newer cables are using a What is a fusion splice?
special fiber construction called bend-insensitive fiber, which has an A fusion splice involves a splicing machine to align the fibers and fuse
extremely tight bend radius. or weld them together using an electric arc. This produces a very low-
loss connection that is superior to a mechanical splice. However, the
What happens if I bend a fiber too far? equipment required for fusion splicing is more costly.
Bending fiber beyond the minimum bend radius causes loss in the
fiber optic signal, and could potentially damage the fiber. How do you identify the type of dark fiber installed if it
is poorly documented?
What considerations exist when connecting fibers The color of the fiber jacket may identify the type of fiber. Multimode
using a connector? jacketing is orange or aqua, while singlemode is yellow. Cable
Special care must be taken when connecting and disconnecting markings may also help identify the manufacturer and type of cable.
optical cables to avoid damaging the fiber or the connector on the Manufacturer data sheets can provide performance specifications,
device. Dust caps should be used when a fiber cable is disconnected and an optical loss test set or OTDR helps to determine losses
to protect from damage. The fiber and connector should be in the fiber link. However, field testing to determine performance
inspected and cleaned, if needed, prior to mating. Also, there should specifications is not an option.
be no optical signal in the cable or out of the connector when
disconnecting, connecting, or during cleaning. What cable markings are used for plenum-rated fiber
optic cable?
When do I clean the fiber optic connectors? Plenum-rated fiber optic cable should be marked as OFNP, which
Both the fiber and connector ends should be inspected and cleaned, stands for Optical Fiber Non-conductive Plenum. If the fiber optic
if needed, immediately before mating. Ensure that no optical signal is cable includes a metallic armor, it is marked as OFCP for Optical Fiber
present in the fiber during cleaning. Conductive Plenum.
Why do I need to inspect and clean fiber optic What cable markings are used for riser-rated fiber optic
connectors? cable?
Even in clean environments, a single dust particle could completely Riser-rated fiber optic cable should be marked as OFNR, which
block an optical signal. The size of a dust particle is about the same stands for Optical Fiber Nonconductive Riser. If the fiber optic cable
size or larger than the core of a singlemode optical fiber. includes a metallic armor, it is marked as OFCR for Optical Fiber
Conductive Riser.
What do I use to clean fiber optic connectors?
Special solvents, cleaners, lint-free wipes, and swabs are available.
The swabs are for cleaning inside of the connector on an instrument.
Always follow the manufacturer's cleaning recommendation.
www.extron.com 115
Notes
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