Está en la página 1de 3

Pathophysiology of Osteomyelitis

Modifiable Factors
Non-Modifiable Factor

Age (children and Elderlies) Long term use of immunosuppresants Dialysis Machine Smoking Sickle cell Poorly controlled Recent
like NSAID or corticosteroids, Tubing, Long term use injury/Orthopedic
Chemotherapy, Organ Transplant of IVF, and IFC Surgery, Illicit Drugs

Blood becomes
Vasoconstriction viscous

Weakened
Underdev Diminished Impaired Blood Circulation
Immune system
eloped biological
immune defenses
system
Impaired transport of Immune Cells (WBC) in defending foreign
organism in the body

Increased susceptibility to infection

Invasion of pathogenic microorganism


5 cardinal signs of inflammation
Increased ESR and Marked Pain (dolor), redness (rubor), swelling
Stimulation of inflammatory response
leukocytosis (tumor), heat/fever and chills, loss of
function or limited movement

Increased vascularity

Release of
Exudates

Vascularity compromise the periosteum

Small terminal vessels in the area become thrombosed


Infection spreads through medullary cavity Stage 1 (Medullary)

Exudates extends to metaphysis and marrow cavity through small metaphyseal openings into the
cortex

Exudates reaches outer surface of


cortex

Formation of
abscess

Lifting off of periosteum from underlying Stage 2 (Superficial)


bone

Disruption of blood
vessels

Cortical Stage 3 (Localized)


Devascularization

Ischemi
a

Necrosis

Formation of sequestrum Bone rigidity

Retardation of bone healing and formation Inadequate space for swelling


and purulent exudate

Superimposed
infection Shearing off of arteries supplying bone
and surrounding tissues
Further inflammation and vessel thrombosis
Bone death
Intense osteoblastic response
Osteoblasts lay

New bone formation partially or


completely surrounds the infected area

Formation of

Openings of involucrum allow exudate to


escape into surrounding soft tissue

Enlarged sequestrum Stage 4 (Diffused)

Development of sinus

Drainage of

Continued microorganism growth

Remission Systemic s/s may be diminished with constant bone pain, swelling, tenderness,
and warmth
Exacerbation Vague pain, bad taste, minimal suppuration of fistulous tract

Excessive vascular

Loss of organ function Amputation

También podría gustarte