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SANDEE CAPACITY BUILDING IN SOUTH ASIA

Narrative Report
January 01, 2012 - December 31, 2012
(Grant No. 106327-001)

Submitted to
IDRC, Canada
20 December 2012

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 3
2.HIGHLIGHTS ................................................................................................................... 3
3.RESEARCH SUPPORT .................................................................................................... 7
4.TRAINING ...................................................................................................................... 11
5.PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................................................. 16
Working Papers................................................................................................................ 16
Policy Briefs..................................................................................................................... 16
Peer-Reviewed and Other Publications (Grantees, Associates & Staff).......................... 17
6. DISSEMINATION, TEACHING AND DEVELOPMENT............................................ 19
Presentations .................................................................................................................... 19
Professional Development ............................................................................................... 21
7.LESSONS LEARNED AND SECRETARIAT RELATED ISSUES ............................. 23

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Research Grants in 2012 (Dec 2012 grants still being finalized) ................................ 9
Table 2: Training Workshop Participant.................................................................................. 15
Table 3: Conference and Seminar Presentations (2012) .......................................................... 19

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Distribution of Grants by Country (November 2012) .............................................. 10


Figure 2:Distribution of Grants by Issues (November 2012) .................................................. 10
Figure 3: Growth of Trainees (2009-2012) (excluding R and T workshops) .......................... 11
Figure 4:Training Distribution by Country (2012) (Including R and T workshops) ............... 12

SANDEE CAPACITY BUILDING IN SOUTH ASIA


ANarrativeReporttoIDRC,Canada
Jan1,2012Dec31,2012

1. INTRODUCTION
TheSouthAsianNetworkforDevelopmentandEnvironmentalEconomicsisaregional
networkthatbringstogetheranalystsfromacrossSouthAsiatoaddressitsenvironment
developmentproblems.SANDEEsmissionistostrengthenthecapacityofindividualsand
institutionstoundertakeresearchontheinterlinkagesamongeconomicdevelopment,
poverty,andenvironmentalchangeandtodisseminatepracticalinformationthatcanbe
appliedtodevelopmentpolicies.

SANDEEwasestablishedinlate1999withinitialsupportfromSIDA,guidancefromthe
BeijerInternationalInstituteofEcologicalEconomicsattheRoyalSwedishAcademyof
Sciences,andtheinstitutionalandindividualgoodwillandsupportfrommanypeoplewithin
andoutsideSouthAsia.SANDEEisnowsupportedbyIDRC,NORADandSIDA.Thenetwork
operatesitsactivitiesinPakistan,Bangladesh,SriLanka,Bhutan,Nepal,Indiaandthe
Maldives.

SANDEEsstructureconsistsofaManagementandAdvisoryCommittee(MAC)ofsenior
scholarsandpolicymakersfromtheSouthAsianregionandoutside(seeAppendixI)anda
groupofresearchadvisors,whosupportandmentorSANDEEsresearchers.Itoperates
withthehelpofasmallSecretariatinKathmandu,NepalwhichishostedbyICIMOD
InternationalCentreforIntegratedMountainDevelopment.SANDEEprogramsandactivities
aresponsoredbyanumberofregionalandinternationaldonoragencies.
This narrative report discusses some of the SANDEEs achievements and activities from
January 2012 to December 31 2012 for Grant No.106327-001.

2. HIGHLIGHTS

SANDEEsresearchactivitiesfocusedonthreeareas:a)EconomicsofClimateChange;b)
EcosystemsManagementandc)PoliciesandProgramsforGreenerDevelopment.SANDEE
researchwillbeorganizedaroundtheseactivitiesforatleastthenextthreeyears.

Climatechangeresearchcontinuestobeanimportantpartofourportfolio.Arecentreview
ofgrantsinthisareashowsthatstudiesofimpactanalysesandmitigationinstruments
dominate.Forexample,wenowhavestudiesinseveralcountriesthatareongoingon
3

completed,usingbothprimaryandsecondarydata,whichexaminetheimpactsofclimate
relatedvariablesonagriculture.Thefocusonagricultureisnotsurprisinggiventhatthisis
themostimportantsectorinthedevelopingworldthatwilllikelybeaffectedbyclimatic
changes.Wealsohavestudiesthatexaminetheadoptionofvariousinstrumentsto
mitigatelocalpollutionandclimatechange.Researchrelatedtobiofuel,cleanstoves,
communitybasedREDD+etc.fallwithinthiscategory.Whilewedohaveworkongoing
relatedtoadaptation,thisisanareathatweneedtofurthergrow.

Wearemakingsteadyprogressingrowingourresearchrelatedtoecosystemservices.We
currentlyhaveaclusterofresearchgrantsrelatedtoconservationexpendituresandcosts
andtriggers,particularlyrelatedtoconservationcorridors.Wealsohopetohavesome
newresearchlaunchedthatmorecarefullymodelsecosystemchangesandthenexamines
boththeopportunitycostsandbenefitsofconservation.Thisworkwasrecentlyfacilitated
byatrainingprogramorganizedjointlybySANDEE,theNaturalCapitalProject,Universityof
MinnesotaandWWF(http://www.naturalcapitalproject.org).Asthisareadevelops,weare
hopingthatwecandomoretransboundaryresearch.

Undergreenerpoliciesandprograms,wehaveresearchemergingonregulationsandwhy
theyworkormayfail.Someofthisresearchgoesbeyondhouseholdsandexaminesfirms
and,therefore,isinherentlymoreproblematicintermsofdataissues.Wehaveaclusterof
studiesrelatedtothetextileindustry,whichisamajorsectorinIndia,Pakistan,Bangladesh
andSriLanka,whichwearecloselymonitoring.

Trainingisanimportantcomponentofourannualactivities.In2012,SANDEEtrainednearly
232participantsonarangeofissues.OurannualcourseinEnvironmentalEconomicsin
Bangkokcontinuestobeourflagshipcoursestrengtheningteaching,researchand
curriculumdevelopmentinSouthAsia.

SANDEEsteachingandtrainingprogramsin2012weresignificantlyinfluencedbytheneed
tobringinmoreresearchcandidatesfromunderservedareas.Thus,SANDEEorganized
oneteachingandresearchprogramsinPakistanandalsoranaresearchandwriting
workshopsinBangladeshandBhutan.Wearealreadyseeingtheresultsoftheseefforts
andhavestemmedthedeclineingrantsfromthesecountries.

SANDEEdoesnotundertakeitsactivitiesonitsown.Wehavethesupportofawidearrayof
institutionsandteachingfaculty.Box1listssomeofourpartnersduringthecourseof2012.

ThereareseveraloutcomesthathaveemergedfromSANDEEactivities.Wediscussthese
below:

Publicationsareanimportantoutcome.Wepublishedsome9workingpapersand7
policybriefsandseveralpeerreviewedjournalarticlesemergedfromSANDEE
research.Moresignificantly,SANDEEresearcherspublishedtheirworkinvarietyof
journalssuchasNaturalHazards,JournalofEnvironmentandDevelopment

Economicsetc.Overallwehadsome13publications(peerreviewedandpopular).
Some50%ofthesepublicationswereininternationaljournals.

SANDEEresearchersareincreasinglypresentingtheirworkatinternational
congresses.In2012,therewere40+presentationsbySANDEEitesinsome20odd
conferencesorseminarsacross13countries.Someoftheseactivitieswere
sponsoredbySANDEEbutotherswerenot.Ahighlightfrom2012wasaplenary
presentation(onday1)andapanelpresentationonclimatechangeatthe5thSouth
AsiaEconomicSummit(SAES5).SouthAsiaisoneoftheleastintegratedregionsin
theworldandSAESisanimportantattemptatincreasingintegration.Thus,itwas
excellenttohaveSANDEEinvitedtoengageinthiseffort.

SANDEEresearchisalsoenteringteachingactivities(seeBox2).Whilewearenot
abletofullytracktheuseofSANDEEworkingpapersandpublicationsbyteachers,
feedbackfromseveralofourresearchersandtraineessuggestthatentireclassesare
builtaroundthesepublications.Forexample,theSANDEEbookEnvironmental
ValuationinSouthAsiaisbeingusedintheM.Phil.Economicsprograminthe
PakistanInstituteforDevelopmentEconomicsandtheM.ScEconomicsprogramin
TERIUniversityinDelhi.Ourworkingpapersaredownloadedbystudentsinseveral
universitiesforpresentationsrelatedtoenvironmentaleconomicsorresearch
methods.

SANDEEitescontinuetoflourishprofessionally.In2012,wesawtwoPh.Ds
completedandawardedtoSANDEEresearchers.WecongratulateDr.Bishnu
SharmainNepal(TribhuwanUniversity)andDr.Md.IrfanKhaninPakistan(Federal
UrduUniversity)forobtainingtheirdegrees.Sharmaworkedonleaseholdforestry
asaninstrumenttoreducepovertyinNepalandKhanresearchedthebenefitsof
closingopensewersinRawalpindi.Furthermore,some4formerresearchershave
raisedmoneyfornewresearchgrantsprojects,oneresearcherissettingupan
environmentaleconomicscenteratheruniversity,andseveralhavepromotionsor
newjobs.

SANDEEsworkonvaluationisgettingmorecloselytiedtopolicyconcernsbecause
ofourinvolvementintwoparallelprocesses:a)theGovernmentofIndiasinterestin
greeningnationalaccounts;andb)theWealthAccountingandValuationof
EcosystemServices(WAVES)jointWorldBankUNEPprogram.Thereareseveral
SANDEEiteswhositonadvisorycommitteesassociatedwithboththeseprograms
andithasbeenusefultotieanationaleffortwithaglobaleffort.Twolikely

outcomesin2013willbeareportfromtheGovernmentofIndiaandaconference
(towhichwehopetoinviteChiefAccountantsandeconomistsfromalltheother
SANDEEcountriesasafirststeptowardbuildingmacroenvironmentalaggregatesin
theothercountriesaswell)andatrainingworkshopforseniorgovernmentofficials
(withsupportthatwehopewillcomefromWAVES/UNEP).

Box1:SANDEEspartnersin2012

InstitutionalPartners
1. SustainableDevelopmentPolicyInstitute,Pakistan
2. INSEE,India
3. GujaratInstituteforDevelopmentResearch,India
4. UNDP,Bhutan
5. EconomicResearchGroup,Bangladesh
6. UNDPUNEPRegionalProgram,Thailand
7. NaturalCapitalProject,USA
8. ICIMOD,Nepal
FacultyPartners

InternationalFaculty
9. DukeUniversity
10. CambridgeUniversity
11. UniversityofMinnesota
12. UniversityofNamur
13. WWF
14. QueenslandUniv

RegionalFaculty
15. ERG,Bangladesh
16. PIDE,Pakistan
17. SDPI,Pakistan
18. IBA,Pakistan
19. KolkataUniversity,India
20. JadavpurUniversity,India
21. ATREE,India
22. IndianStatisticalInstitute,India

Box2:CurriculumSupportUsingSANDEEResearchMaterial

ApartialtallyofteachingprogramsthatuseSANDEEworkingpapers/booksin2012:

Bangladesh
o KhulnaUniversityM.Sc.,EnvEcon
o SylhetUniversityM.Sc.Forestry,ResearchMethods
o UnitedInternationalUniversity

India
o CentralUniversity,HyderabadM.Sc,EnvEcon.
o RavenshawUniversity,OrissaMasters,EnvEcon
o VishwaBharatiUniversity,M.ScPh.D,ResearchMethods
o TERIUniversity,M.Sc.EconValuationbook
Pakistan
o PakistanInstituteofDevelopmentM.PhilEconValuationBook
Nepal
o PokaraUniversityCurriculumCommittee

3. RESEARCH SUPPORT

SANDEEprovidesmonetaryandtechnicalsupporttoresearchersfromacrossSouthAsia.It
alsoprovidesavarietyoftrainingtoresearcherstoimprovetheirresearchskills.
BiannualResearchCompetitions
SANDEEsresearchsupportisbasedonabiannualresearchcompetitionandmeetingsthat
helpmonitorandsupportthegrants.SANDEEreceived76preproposalsinits24thcycle
(June2012)andeightgrantsweremadebasedontheResearchandTrainingWorkshopthat
tookplaceinJuly2012.SANDEEreceived41preproposalsandinvitedtenresearch
proposalsforgrantsinwinterof2012.Therewere2studygrantsmadeand8researchers
wereaskedtoresubmitafterrevisionsthus8grantswereconditionallymade,basedon
theResearchandTrainingWorkshopthattookplaceinDecember2012.Thegrantsfrom
2012arereportedinTable1.

Plenary Presentations

Weinviteexpertsfromthepolicyandacademicarenastodiscussissuesandemerging
ideasatSANDEEresearchworkshops.Theseplenarypresentationsaremeanttoexposeour
researcherstogoodresearchaswellasongoingdiscussionsinthepolicydomain.In
December2012,Prof.StevePolaskyfromtheUniversityofMinnesotaandtheNatural
CapitalProjectgaveapresentationonNaturalCapitalandItsRoleinEconomic
Development.Dr.Polaskydiscussedhowchangesinecosystemservicescanbemodeled
andhowthesechangescanthenbevalued.Hethenwentontoshowhowthesescientific
findingsonchangesandtheirvaluationcanbeusedtosuggestandimplementpolicy
changes.Therewillalwaysbetradeoffsbetweenconservationandeconomic
development.Thefirststepistounderstandthesetradeoffsbyexaminingphysicaland
monetarychangesinecosystems,butitisimportanttothentakethenextstepoffiguring
outhowandwhatkindsofpoliciescanimproveoutcomes.

Table1:ResearchGrantsin2012(Dec2012grantsstillbeingfinalized)
Name

Country

ClimateChangeEconomics
Aggarwal,A.
India

Topic
AcquisitionoftechnologicalcapabilitiesthroughtheClean
DevelopmentMechanism(June2012)

Akram,W.

Pakistan

AdoptionofbiogasasanalternativeenergysourceinPakistani
Punjab(June2012)

Borthaku,M.

India

Doesurbangreeneryreducethecostofcoolinghomes?(June
2012)

Hippu,N.

India

SustainabilityofelectrificationprojectsinIndiasvillageswhere
gridextensionisinfeasible(June2012,StudyGrant)

Edirisinghe,J.

SriLanka

DistributionalImpactsofClimateChangeonSmallholder
AgricultureinSriLanka(Dec2012)

Pattanaik,U.

India

EffectofLivelihoodInterventionProgrammesonAdaptive
CapacityofHouseholdsinOdisha,India(Dec2012)

Nadeem,A.M. Pakistan

TargetingandDistributionofPostFloodaidinPunjab,Pakistan
(Dec2012,StudyGrant)

EcosystemsManagement
BelalUddin,Md. Bangladesh NonTimberForestProductsextractionunderdifferentforestry
institutionsinBangladesh(June2012,StudyGrant)
Katel,O.

Bhutan

MappinganddesigningPaymentsforEcosystemServicesin
Punkha,Bhutan

BelalUddin,Md. Bangladesh AnEcologicalandEconomicAnalysisofForestManagement


InstitutionsinBangladesh(Dec2012)
Udaykumara,N.

SriLanka

SoilConservationBenefitsofUpperMahaweliWatershedinSri
Lanka

PoliciesandProgramsforGreenerDevelopment
KhondakerG.M. Bangladesh Complianceinpollutionmanagement:Acasestudyonthetextile
industryofBangladesh(June2012)
Wickramasinghe, SriLanka
K.

Environmentalmanagementpracticesinpostconflicttourismin
SriLanka(June2012)

Bhardwaj,B.

Nepal

Whytheplasticbagbandecisionworksinonemunicipalityand
doesnotinanother?(Dec2012)

Samad,G.

Pakistan

EnvironmentalRegulationsandtheirComplianceinTextile
ProcessingSectorofPakistan(Dec2012)

Others(WaterManagement)
Dendup,N.

Bhutan

ValuationofsewagewatertreatmentservicesinBhutan(June 12)

Amit,R.K

India

WaterDemandunderDifferentPriceStructuresforUrban
ConsumersinSouthIndia(Dec2012)

Gunawardena,A SriLanka

OptimalUseofPolicyinstrumentstoControlwaterPollutioninSri
Lanka(Dec2012,StudyGrant)

MonitoringProgress

SANDEEcurrentlyhassome51grantsthatareopenandthesewillcontinuetobe
monitored.Thesecretariatfacilitatesdiscussionsbetweenresearchersandtheiradvisors,
offersadviceoneconometricanalysesandliteraturereferencesandreviewsquestionnaires
andmanuscripts.AlargepartofthemonitoringalsotakesplaceduringtheRandT
workshops.Figure1showsthecurrentdistributionofgrantsaccordingtocountries.

Figure2showsthedistributionofgrantsbyIssues.AstheFigureshow45%ofthegrants
madeareintheareaofclimatechangeandabout19%relatedtoforestandconservation.
Wehaveasignificantpartofourportfolioinsustainableagriculture.Thesegrantsarein
somewaysrelatedtoourfocusonclimatechange.
Figure 1: Distribution of Grants by Country (November 2012)

SriLanka Bhutan
15%
7%

Bangladesh
13%

Pakistan
13%
Nepal
9%

India
43%

Figure 2: Distribution of Grants by Issues (November 2012)

Agricultureand
Water
11%
Healthand
Pollution
14%

Regulations/
Other
11%

Climateand
Energy
45%

Forestsand
Conservation
19%

10

4. TRAINING

SANDEEorganized8trainingcoursesin2012(seetheTable3)includingtwoBiannual
ResearchandTrainingWorkshops.Theobjectiveofthesetrainingworkshopsistoincrease
thenumberofSouthAsianprofessionalswhocanuseeconomictoolstoanalyze
environmentalproblemsandwhocanthenteachthesetoolstoothercolleagues.SANDEE
undertakesawrittenevaluationbyparticipantsofeachofitstrainingprograms,whichare
availableonrequest.

Figure3showsthegrowthoftraineesoverthelastfouryears.Asindicated,wenowtrain
approximately150170researchersanddecisionmakerseveryyear.Thisisinadditionto
thetrainingweprovidetoourresearchersthroughtheBiannualResearchandTraining
workshops.Someofthistrainingisinspecifictopicareas,whiletherestisinresearch
methodsandproposaldevelopmentskills,particularlyinunderservedareas.Thetraining
providedin2012isdiscussedindetailbelow.

Figure 3: Growth of Trainees (2009-2012) (excluding R and T workshops)

180
160

145

140
Nooftrainees

156

168

121

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

Year

11


Itisimportantforustoalsotrackwherearetraineescamefrom.Thus,Figure4showsthe
trainingdistributionbycountry.Some17%ofthetraineesarefromPakistanand33%from
India.ThelargernumberoftraineesfromIndiathisyearisbecausewecoorganizedajoint
coursewithINSEEforresearchscholars.Wehaveasignificantportionoftraineesfrom
othercountriesbecauseofapolicyworkshopweranjointlywithUNDPandUNEP,which
wasapanAsiaworkshop.

Figure 4: Training Distribution by Country (2012) (Including R and T workshops)

SriLanka
9%

Others
7%

Bangladesh
9%

Bhutan
13%
Pakistan
17%
Nepal
12%

India
33%

ThevarioustrainingworkshopsorganizedbySANDEEin2012aredescribedbelow:
1. Winter School in Econometrics for Environmental Economics: Theory and Application,
Dhulikhel Mountain Resort, Dhulikhel, Nepal (8th 18th January, 2012)
SANDEE organized a twoweek training course in Econometrics for Environmental
Economics:TheoryandPractice,during8th18thJanuary,2012.Thecoursewasmeant
for current SANDEE researchers who need to learn applied econometrics in order to
complete their research projects. The workshop provided researchers with the basic
skills necessary to analyze data. Participants were provided handson training in
econometricsoftwaresuchasSTATA.
Participants:22
Faculty:SANDEETeam,KenuskeKuboandA.K.EnamulHaque

2. SummerSchoolinEnvironmentandResourceEconomics,Bangkok,Thailand
(7th23May2012)
SANDEEorganizedathreeweekSANDEESummerSchool2012onNaturalResourceand
EnvironmentalEconomicswhichcoveredissuesinnaturalresourcemanagement,
12

environmentaleconomics,sustainabledevelopment,andclimatechange.Participants
wereexposedtotheoreticalissuesandeconomictoolsforanalyzingenvironmentaland
resourceproblemsindevelopingcountries.Week1ofthecoursecoveredresource
economics,week2focusedonspecialtopicssuchasecosystemservices,greening
nationalaccountsandcommonpropertymanagement,whileweek3wasusedtoimpart
valuationtechniquestoparticipants.
Participants:28
Faculty:SANDEETeam,JeffreyVincent,KarlGoranMaler,ParthaDasguptaandA.K.
EnamulHaque

3. EconomicInstrumentsforGreeningDevelopmentPovertyEnvironmentInitiative,
Paro,Bhutan(1213August,2012)
SANDEE along with the PovertyEnvironmental Initiative (PEI) of UNDP and UNEP
organized a workshop on Economic Instruments for Greening Development during
August1213inParo,Bhutan.Thetwodayworkshopbroughttogetherregionalpolicy
makers, planners and academicians from Pakistan, India, Nepal and Bangladesh, Lao
PDR, Thailand and Myanmar, Indonesia and the Philippines and created a platform to
discussandshareeconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentproblems.Individualcountry
representativessharedexperiencesfromtheircountriesrelatedtohowtheyweretrying
to address the interconnections between development activities and environment
challenges.
Participants:47
Faculty:SANDEETeam,ArabindaMishraandA.K.EnamulHaque

4. ResearchandWritingWorkshop,Dhaka,Bangladesh
(69Oct,2012)
TheEconomicResearchGroup(ERG)andtheSouthAsianNetworkforDevelopmentand
EnvironmentalEconomics(SANDEE)jointlyorganizedaResearchandWritingWorkshop
inenvironmentalandnaturalresourceeconomicsinOctober2012inDhaka.Theaimof
thisworkshopwastobuildresearchcapacityintheareaofenvironmentandresource
economicsmainlyinBangladesh,butwithsomeadditionalregionalparticipants.
Researchersinterestedinthefieldofenvironmentalandnaturalresourceeconomics
andwishingtoimproveproposalwritingtechniquesattendedthisworkshop.
Participants:14
Faculty:SANDEETeam,SharmilaBanerjee,HemanLohanoandA.K.EnamulHaque

5. ResearchandWritingWorkshop,Islamabad,Pakistan
(1417Sept,2012)
13

TheSustainableDevelopmentPolicyInstitute(SDPIPakistan)andtheSouthAsian
NetworkforDevelopmentandEnvironmentalEconomics(SANDEE)jointlyorganizeda
ResearchandWritingworkshoponEnvironmentalandNaturalResourceEconomicsin
Islamabad,PakistaninSeptember2012.
Participants:16
Faculty:SANDEETeam,RehanaSiddique,HemanLohano,JoyshreeRoyandWaqar
Ahmed.

6. EcologyandEconomicsResearchScholarsWorkshop,Ahmedabad,India
(Nov29Dec2)
Recognizingthecriticalimportanceofacontinuedsupportandguidancetothenew
streamofresearchers,seekingtoundertakeseriousenquiryintothevariousaspectsof
ecology,naturalresourcesanddevelopment,INSEEjointlywithSANDEEorganizeda
workshoponEcologyandEconomicsfrom29thNov2ndDec.2012inGujaratInstitute
ofDevelopmentResearch(GIDR),atAhmedabad.Thefourdaysworkshopfocused
mainlyonthreethemesofresearchpriorityidentifiedbySANDEEviz;Ecosystem
Management,EconomicsofClimateChange,andPoliciesandInstrumentsforGreener
Growth.
Participant:32
Faculty:AmitaShah,JagdishKrishnaswamy,KaviKumar,NilanjanGhosh,Pranab
Mukhopadhyay

7. ModelingEcosystemServicesInVEST,theNaturalCapitalProject,Kathmandu,Nepal
(911Dec2012)
SANDEEorganizedathreedaytrainingonModelingEcosystemServicesInVest,the
NaturalCapitalProjectinGodavari,Nepal.TheNaturalCapitalProjecthasavisionof
sensitizingstakeholdersofthevaluesofnaturalcapitalinsupportinghumanwellbeing.
TheNCprojecthasdevelopedafamilyoftoolscalledInVESTtomapandvaluethegoods
andservicesfromnaturewhichareessentialforsustainingandfulfillinghumanlife.
InVESTenablesdecisionmakerstoassessthetradeoffsassociatedwithalternative
choicesandtoidentifyareaswhereinvestmentinnaturalcapitalcanenhancehuman
developmentandconservationinterrestrial,freshwater,andmarineecosystems.The
objectiveofthistrainingwastoenableagroupofresearcherstounderstandbetterhow
ecosystemscanbemodeledandhowtheseresultscanbeintegratedwitheconomic
analyses.
Participants:11
Faculty:BarbaraPollini,NirmalBhagabatiandStephenPolasky

14

Table2: TrainingWorkshopParticipant

N
o

Workshop

WinterSchoolin
Econometrics

Total

Bangla
desh
1

Bhutan India Nepal Pakist


an

6
7
4

Sri
Other
Lanka s
4

27
M20
F7

20

14

47
M37
F10

16

Ecologyand

Economics
(ResearchScholars)
BiannualResearch 4
andTraining,Sri
Lanka
BiannualResearch 2
andTraining,Nepal

30

14

13

Total

29

77

27

39

20

17

16
M12
F4
14
M9
F5
12
M11
F1
30
M20
F10
32
M24
F8
32
M25
F7
232
M177
F55

2. SummerSchoolin
Environmentand
Resource
Economics
3. Economic
Instrumentsfor
Greening
Development

Researchand
4. Writing,Pakistan

5. Researchand

Writing
Bangladesh
6. Modeling
EcosystemServices
7

Participants

23

15

22
M19
F3

5. PUBLICATIONS

In2012,SANDEEpublished9workingpapersand7policybriefsbasedonSANDEE
supportedresearch.Thecompletepapersareavailableinourwebsiteat
www.sandeeonline.org.Wealsopublishedtwonewslettersduringthecourseoftheyear.
13peerreviewedandpopularpublicationsbasedonSANDEEresearcheremergedin2012.
Notably,some50%ofthesepublicationswereininternationaljournals.

Thelistoftheworkingpapers,policybriefsandpeerreviewedpublicationsaregivenbelow:
WorkingPapers
1. CausesofEmissionsfromAgriculturalResidueBurninginNorthwestIndia:Evaluationof
aTechnologyPolicyResponse,RidhimaGupta,WP6611

2. InclusiveNationalAccounts:Introduction,ParthaDasgupta,WP6712

3. IstheDepositRefundSystemforLeadBatteriesinDelhiandtheNationalCapitalRegion
Effective?,YaminiGupt,WP6812

4. MeasuringtheHealthBenefitsfromReducingAirPollutioninKathmanduValley,
NaveenAdhikari,WP6912

5. AnalyzingInstitutionsinResourceandDevelopmentEconometrics:Recognizing
Institutions,ExploringLevelsandQueryingCauses,VikramDayal,WP7012

6. OptionsandDeterminantsofRiceResidueManagementPracticesintheSouthWest
RegionofBangladesh,ZiaulHaider,WP7112

7. AwarenessasanAdaptationStrategyforReducingMortalityfromHeatWaves:Evidence
fromaDisasterRiskManagementPrograminIndia,SaudaminiDasandStephenC.
Smith,WP7212

8. FarmProductivityLossduetoFloodInducedSandDeposition:AStudyinDhemaji,
KalyanDas,WP7312

9. ValuingtheDamageCausedbyInvasivePlantSpeciesinaLowincomeCommunityin
Nepal,RajeshKumarRaiWP7412
PolicyBriefs
1. Howmuchisalifeworth?ExaminingtheRiskWagesTradeofinPakistan,Muhammad
Rafiq,PBNo.5811

16

2. Is Communication Necessary for Sustainable Practices? Further Evidence from


IndigenousVillagesinMaharashtra,India,RuchaGhate,PBNo.5911

3. Is a Ban the Best Way to Reduce Plastic Bag Use? A Case Study from Delhi, Kanupriya
Gupta,PBNo.6012

4. The Happy Seeder: An Agricultural Solution to Air Pollution in South Asia, Ridhima
Gupta,PBNo.6112

5. IstheDepositRefundSystemforLeadAcidBatteriesindelhiandtheNationalCapital
RegionEffective?,PBNo.6212

6. Economic Instruments for Greening Development: Understanding Policy Design,


PracticeandResearchNeedsinAsia,UgenP.Norbu,PBNo.6312

7. Do Awareness Campaigns Save Lives? Assessing the Odisha Governments Efforts to


ReducetheImpactsofHeatWaves,SaudaminiDas,PBNo.6412
PeerReviewedandOtherPublications(Grantees,Associates&Staff)
1. Adhikari,N.(2012),AirPollutionandHumanHealthinKathmanduValley,PublicHealth
Perspective,OnlineHealthNewsletter,2(5).

2. Das, Saudamini (2012),The role of natural ecosystems and socioeconomic factors in


the vulnerability of coastal villages to cyclone and storm surge,Natural Hazards, 64
(1):531546.

3. Ghate R., H. Hagendra, and D. Mehra. 2012, 'Is JFM Really Helping Communities and
Forests? Need to Focus and Institution Building?', In Environmental Governance:
Approaches,ImperativesandMethods,editedbyJ.Bandhopadyay,K.Chopra,N.Ghosh,
INSEEandBloomsbury,NewDelhi.

4. Gundimeda,H.andP.Shyamsundar(2012),Forest,SustainabilityandPovertyinIndia,
Environment and Development Economics, 17 (3): 1373 378.

5. MallaM.B.,N.Bruce,E.Bates&E.Rehfuess,2011.Applyingglobalcostbenefitanalysis
methods to indoor air pollution mitigation interventions in Nepal, Kenya and Sudan:
Insightsandchallenges,EnergyPolicy,EnergyPolicy29(12)

6. Nepal, A. and M. Nepal (2012), Is child labor a substitute for adult labor? The
relationshipbetweenchildlaborandadultillnessinNepal,InternationalLabourReview,
151(12):109121.

17

7. RafiqM.2010.TheValueofReducedRiskofInjuryandDeathsinPakistanusingactual
andperceivedriskestimates,PakistanDevelopmentReview(PDR)Paper&Proceeding,
49(4)

8. UdagamaM,JyasingeMudaligeU.,AnjaliGHI,2009.ManagersEnvironmentalAltruism
and Firms Compliance to National Environmental Management Strategies: Evidence
fromtheFoodProcessingSectorinSriLanka.JournalofFoodandAgriculture,2(2)

9. Rai,R.&H.Scarborough(2012),'Economicvalueofmitigationofplantinvadersina
subsistenceeconomy:incorporatinglaborasamodeofpayment',Environmentaland
DevelopmentEconomics,Vol.doi:10.1017/S1355770X1200037X

10. Rai,RandH.Scarborough(2012)Estimatingthepublicbenefitsofmitigatingdamages
causedbyinvasiveplantspeciesinasubsistenceeconomy
http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/handle/124421AustralianAgriculturalandResource
EconomicsSociety.

11. Mangan,T.,RoyBrouwer,HemanDasLohano&GhulamMustafaNangraj(2012),
'EstimatingtherecreationalvalueofPakistan'slargestfreshwaterlaketosupport
sustainabletourismmanagementusingatravelcostmodel',JournalofSustainable
Tourism,August2012.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09669582.2012.708040

12. Goswami,Kishore,2012.LowreturnsforcingfarmerstoabandonJatropha,TheAssam
Tribune(http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=nov2212/state05)
13. Mukhopadhyay,Pranab2012.MarineValuationReportforTEEBIndiaScopingReport,

MoEF.

18

6. DISSEMINATION, TEACHING AND DEVELOPMENT


Presentations

In2012,therewere40+presentationsbySANDEEitesinsome20oddconferencesor
seminarsacross13countries(seeTable5).Someoftheseactivitiesweresponsoredby
SANDEEbutotherswerenot.SANDEEiteshaveabudgetwithintheirresearchactivitiesfor
dissemination.Thus,disseminationhappensroutinelythroughseminarsorothermeans.
However,whatisinterestingistheincreasingnumberofpresentationsthatarehappening
outsidetheseSANDEEsupportedchannels(seeTable3).

SANDEEisalsobeinginvitedtoorganizeeventsatdifferentinternationalfora.Ahighlight
from2012wasaplenarypresentation(onday1)andapanelpresentationonclimate
changeatthe5thSouthAsiaEconomicSummit(SAES5).SouthAsiaisoneoftheleast
integratedregionsintheworldandSAESisanimportantattemptatincreasingintegration.
Thus,itwasexcellenttohaveSANDEEinvitedtoengageinthiseffort.

Table3:ConferenceandSeminarPresentations(2012)

SN ConferenceName
1
SDPI'sFourteenthSustainableDevelopment
Conference
2
ConferenceonStatisticalSciences
3
4

AustralianAgriculturalandResource
EconomicsSociety56thAnnualConference
PlanetunderPressure

Country
Pakistan
13 15Dec,2011
Pakistan
1922Dec,2011
Australia
10Feb,2012
London
2629Mar,2012

Presenter
NaeemAkram
WaqarAkram
RajeshRai
PriyaShyamsundar
ManiNepal
JoyashreeRoy
PrasenjitSarkhel
UdithJayasinghe
Mudalige
SaudaminiDas
KhudaBaksh

12thCongressoftheInternationalSocietyfor Brazil
EcologicalEconomics
1619June,
2012
16thInternationalConsortiumonApplied
Italy
BioeconomyResearchConference
2427June,
2012
ConferenceofEuropeanAssociationof
Prague
SaudaminiDas
EnvironmentalandResourceEconomists
2730June,2012 KanupriyaGupta
(EAERE)
Seminar:DepartmentofUrbanandRegional Bangladesh
AfsanaHaque
Planning,BUET
1July,2012

19

ConferenceonClimateChange,URB
StudentsAssociation

10

ConferenceofAgriculturalEconomists

11

5thSouthAsiaEconomicSummit

12

3rdURBIO2012Conference

India
812Oct,2012

13

ClimateChangeAdaptationWorkshop

14

Seminar:Recreationvs.Pollution:AStudyof
HussainSagarLakeanditsSurroundingin
Hyderabad".
Seminar:SustainabilityofBiodieselIndustry
inNorthEastIndia

Bangkok
Oct2012
Hyderabad
2012

15

Bangladesh
8July,2012

Brazil
1824Aug2012
Pakistan
1113Sept,
2012

16

9thSouthAsiaEconomicStudentsMeet

17

2ndInternationalConferenceEnvironment
andnaturalresourcesinDevelopingand
TransitionEconomies
EconometricSocietyofAsia

18

19
20
21
22

Seminar:AuctionsforReducingRiceResidue
BurninginNepal
Seminar:AirPollutionCostsinKathmandu
City
Seminars:LecturesinResearchandWriting
Seminars:KnowledgeNetworksforBuilding
SustainabilityKnowledge

20

OKDISD,
Guwahati
November2012
Kathmandu
19December

France
October2012
Delhi
December(?)
2012
Kathmandu
September2012
Kathmandu
April2012
SDPi,PIDE,
Pakistan
Ottawa,Canada
Germany

AfsanaHaque

KrishnaPant
HemanLohano
PrakashKarn
SaudaminiDas
JoyashreeRoy
IftikharHusnain
PriyaShyamsundar
RidhimaGupta,
KrishnaPPant
PrajnaPMishra
SaudaminiDas
PragyaMishra

KishorGoswami

MinMalla
BishnuSharma
PrakashKarn
NaveenAdhikari
KrishnaPant
ManiNepal
HemanLohano
Brinda
Vishwanathan
KaziIqbal

KrishnaPant
NaveenAdhikari
ManiNepal
PriyaShyamsundar
Pranab
Mukhopadhyay

ProfessionalDevelopmentandTeaching
WEtrytotrackthewayourresearchersdevelopprofessionallytoensurethatourcapacity
buildingeffortsareindeedstickingandthattheyhavelongtermimpacts.Thedifferent
activitiesourresearchershavebeeninvolvedinarepresentedbelow.Highlightsinclude:

AwardoftwoPh.Ds.inNepalandPakistanbasedonSANDEEresearch.
Severalgranteeshaveappliedandwonnewresearchgrants.Insomecases,thishasbeenjoint
activityamongnetworkedresearchers.
70%oftheExecutiveCommitteeoftheIndianSocietyforEcologicalEconomicsareassociated
withSANDEE(researchers,advisorsortrainees).
SeveralSANDEEitesareinvolvedascommitteemembersthroughtwomajorpolicyeffortsto
integrateenvironmentintomacroaccountingIndiasgreenaccountinginitiativeandthe
WAVESprogramorganizedbytheWorldBankandUNEP.
AsdiscussedinBox2,SANDEEmaterialisinfiltratingclassroomsinvariousways.Anoriginalgoal
ofSANDEEwasthatwewouldbuildlocallyrelevantliteratureforteachingandpolicyanalyses
thisseemstobehappening.

Someoftheindividualaccomplishmentsbyourresearchersarelistedbelow:

1. Bishnu Prasad Sharma received a Ph.D.degree from Tribhuvan University. His


dissertation,fundedbySANDEE,wasentitled"ContributionsofLeaseholdForestsin
HouseholdIncomeandPovertyAlleviationinNepal.

2. Muhammad Irfanreceived hisPh.D. degreein Economics from Federal Urdu


UniversityofArtsScienceandTechnologyIslamabad,PakistaninDecember2011.His
SANDEE funded dissertation is called "Evaluating the impact of disamenity (Open
SewerageSystem)onhouserentinRawalpindiCity".
3. MohammadRafiq,UniversityofPeshawarreceivedgrantsfortwostudiesThe
ImpactofTourismonLocalLivelihoodinKlashvalley,fundedbytheHECNational
ResearchProgramforUniversities(PKR1.8million,2012),andValuingthe
EnvironmentalHealthEffects:ACasestudyofPeshawar,Pakistan,fundedbythe
HECNationalResearchprogramforUniversities(PKR2.8million,20122013).

4. JoyashreeRoyandIndrilaGuhawonaresearchgrantforaprojectentitled,Coastal
EcosystemandChangingEconomicActivities:ChallengesforSustainabilityTransition
alongChineseandSouthAsianCoastshasbeengrantedbyAsiaPacificNetwork
(APN)fortwoyears.Participatingcountriesare:India,Bangladesh,SriLankaand
ChinawithSANDEEasaknowledgepartner.

5. NayanataraNayakfromCMDR,Dhawadwonalargegranttoexaminealternatives
totobacco.ThisgrantbringstogetherotherSANDEEitesaspartnerstoundertake
multistateresrearch
21


6. IndrilaGuhafromVidyaSagarCollegeforWomen,Kolkatagotagrantfrom
UniversityGrantCommissionforaprojecttitledEconomicAdaptationCausedby
InundationofIslands:AnExploratoryStudyfromIndianSunderbans.
7. VinishKathuriahasbeenawardedMahalanobisMemorialMedalNationalAward
fortheyear2010.TheawardwasgivenbytheIndianEconometricSociety.
8. IndiraDevifromtheDepartmentofEnvironmentandClimateChangehasgota
grantfromtheKeralaGovernmentforsettinguptheCentreforExcellencein
EnvironmentalEconomicsatKeralaAgriculturalUniversity.
9. KanupriyaGuptahasjoinedAsianDevelopmentBankastheProjectOfficerin
ProgramsandDevelopmentEffectiveness.
10. SANDEEFellowSaudaminiDasjoinedtheInstituteofEconomicGrowth,Delhi,India
asAssociateProfessor.
11. Santadas Ghosh became the coordinator of Ph.D. coursework in Shanti Niketan
UniversityWestBengal(JulyDecembersemester).
12. SANDEE graduates have been elected in various capacities in the INSEE Board for
201214. Amita Shah is President; Pranab Mukhopadhyay is Secretary; Purnamita
DasguptaisTreasurer,andSeemaPurushothamanisacooptedmember.
13. SANDEEites (E.Somanathan, P. Shyamsundar, H. Gundimeda) continue to serve on
the Indian Ministry of Planning and Implementations Expert Group on Greening
IndiasNationalAccounts.
.

22

7. LESSONS LEARNED AND SECRETARIAT RELATED ISSUES

Therearetwosetsoflessonsfrom2012aswelookforwardtowards2013.Theserelateto
researchandinstitutionalissues.

Ontheresearchfront

Acarefulexaminationofourportfolioindicatesthatwearerelativelylessstrongonclimate
adaptationissues(relativetoimpactanalysesandmitigation).Thisisclearlyanareaof
immenseimportance(notethatPakistandoesnothaveanEnvironmentMinistrybuthasa
ClimateChangeMinistry)forourpartoftheworldandweneedtofigureoutwhatresearch
strategieswecanusetostrengthenthisareaofresearch.Asafirststep,wehopeto
organizeasimpleliteraturereviewofclimateadaptationresearch,particularlyasitpertains
todevelopingcountriesandAsia.

Aninterestingtechnicalaspectofourclimatemitigationgrantsisthatanumberofthem
examinethedecisionofhouseholdstoadoptdifferentgreentechnologies.However,
becausehouseholdsarenotrandomlyassignedorchosenthereareanumberoftechnical
difficultiesingeneralizingfromthesamples.Ourresearchadvisorsarecurrentlyexamining
thisissuetoseehowbestitcanbeaddressedeconometrically.

Aswemovetowardsadeeperunderstandingofregulatoryissues,animportantchallenge
emergesrelatedtodatacollectionandmethodsofanalyses.Someofthisworkmovesus
towardsfirmsandawayfromhouseholds.However,collectingfirmandfirmlaborrelated
dataisdifficultatbestandmaybeimpossibleincertaincases.Thishasledustotakea
morecasestudyapproachandwewillhavetoseehowwellresearchersareabletotease
outlessonswhensurveydataarenotavailable.

Wearebeginningtoprovidetrainingsupportonecosystemservicesmodeling.Thenext
challengeistoseehowwecansupportmoreintegratedenvironmentaleconomicsworkand
theskillssetsthatwewillneedtoworkwith.Weforeseethatwewillhavetomore
seriouslymovebeyondstraightforwardenvironmentaleconomicsasweexamine
ecosystemservices.Wethinkwecandothisifwestartinapilot/experimentalfashionand
buildupincrementally.Wewillalsolookoutfornewreviewers/advisorsinthisarea.

Ontheinstitutionalfront,wehavetwochallengesthisyearthefirsthasbeenmainly
resolvedandthesecondloomslarge.

WehaveaverystableandcomfortablesituationwithICIMOD.Thereisinterestin
strengtheningthetechnicalpartnershipbetweenICIMODandSANDEEandwearelooking
forwaystodothiseventhoughthedifferentwaysinwhichwefunctionposesome
challenges.However,onepracticalissuewehadnotforeseenistheinterestamongour
youngprogramassociatestofindjobsinICIMOD.Wehavelost2ofourprogramassociates

23

toICIMODthusfarabiglossgivenhowsmallSANDEEis.However,weareindiscussions
withICIMODmanagementandwillresolvethisissuebyputtingaclauseinournextSANDEE
ICIMODagreement.BothSANDEEandICIMODareinagreementaboutrenewingour
currentarrangementforthreemoreyears,from2013toend2015.

ThebiggerinstitutionalissueisthatthecurrentProgramDirectorwhohasrunSANDEEfor
12yearsispoisedtomovebacktoWashingtonDCinmid2013.Therewasalarge
discussionaboutthismoveduringSANDEEsDecember12MAC(Board)meeting.While
somemembersoftheMACareinagreementthatthereshouldbeasearchforanew
ProgramDirector(PD),others(includingseveraladvisorswhoknowSANDEEverywell)are
deeplyconcernedthattherearehugerisksfrombringingsomeonenewtoSANDEEtolead
it.Alsothecostofhiringsomeonenewisgoingtobeprettyheavybothfortheinstitution
andintermsofasearch.WearecurrentlyindiscussionabouthowSANDEEcanbemanaged
evenifthecurrentPDstepsdownandwhatwouldafullsearchentail.Ifthereisafull
searchforanewPD,thensomeonehighprofilewithalotofconnectionssuchasSirPartha
DasguptashouldpossiblyleadthesearchalongwiththecurrentSANDEEBoardChairperson.
WearealsoindiscussionsaboutwhetherthecurrentSrEconomistcantakeonsomeofthe
PDsresponsibilitieswiththehelpofanadditionaleconomist.Issuesoftransitionarenot
easyforanyorganization,letaloneasmallone,andwehopetofindacreativesolution.

SANDEEsWorkPlanfor2013isattachedasBox3.Wehopetocontinuewithourresearch
themesbutincreaseouremphasisonecosystemsmanagementandclimateadaptation.In
termsofunderservedareas,wewillcontinuetoemphasizeincreasingthenumberof
researchersfromPakistan.Wehopeto,therefore,organizeateachingworkshoptobuild
theresearchpipelineinLUMS,LahoreinMarch2013.Wehavealsobeeninvited,forthe
firsttime,toorganizearesearchandwritingworkshopinBhutannextyear.Ourpolicyfocus
onmacroenvironmentalaccountscontinuestogrow.Asdiscussed,SANDEEisnow
connectedtotwopolicyeffortsthefirstinIndiaandthesecondthroughtheWorldBank
UNEPsWAVESpartnership.Hopefully,withIndiasleadership,therewillbewiderinterest
inthisissueastheworldmovestowardsSustainableDevelopmentGoals.

SANDEEwillseetheendoftwonewdonoragreementsNORADandIDRCattheendof
2013.Weareveryhopefulthatwewillbeabletorenewtheseagreementsandpossibly
doubleSANDEEssize.ThereisahugeamountofworkanddemandforSANDEEtype
activitiesintheregion.SANDEEnowhasabrandintheregionanditistimetoleveragethis
brandandmeetthedemandbygrowingstronger.

24

Box3:WORKPLAN2013

A. Research
a) ResearchandTrainingWorkshop,SriLanka,June1721,2013
b) ResearchandTrainingWorkshop,Nepal,December1014,2013
B. Training
a) WinterSchoolinResearchMethods,January1424,2013,Nepal
b) SummerSchoolinEnvironmentandResourceEconomics,May623,
2013,Thailand
c) PolicyAnalysesforEnvironmentalEconomists,2527May,2013,
Thailand
C. CapacityBuildinginUnderservedAreas
a) ResearchandWritingWorkshop,March2013,Pakistan
b) ResearchandWritingWorkshop,September2013,Bhutan
D. DisseminationandCommitteeSupport
a) WorkingPapers,NewslettersandPolicyBriefs(ongoing)
b) Conference/PolicyDissemination
c) CommitteeSupport:ExpertGrouponGreeningIndiasNationalAccounts
(GOI),WealthAccountingandtheValuationofEcosystemServices(World
Bank/UNEP),ProgramAdvisoryCommittee(MastersEconomics,TERIand
PokharaUniversity)
E. ProgramManagement
a) Twograntrenewals(IDRCandNORAD)
b) Newdonorfunding
c) PDTransitionandnewhire
d) StaffRetreatsandmanagement(JanuaryandAugust)
e) Websiteimprovements

25

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