CONSTRUCCIN CARRETERA MAYGASBAMBA - AUQUE ALTO

Cuadro N1: ESTACIN CUTERVO.-PRECIPITACION TOTAL MENSUAL (mm)

Departamento:
Provincia:
Distrito:
Ao
Ene.
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Mx.
Prom.
Mn.
D.Est.

Cajamarca
Cutervo
Cutervo
Feb.
Mar.

Abr.

May.

Jun.

Jul.

Ago.

Set.

Latitud:
Longitud:
Altitud:
Oct.

Nov.

06 22'
78 49'
2450 msnm
Dic.
Total

76.1
39.1
41.4
116.5
101.5
37.0
52.2
74.0
55.5
157.1
81.1

118.0
62.8
89.1
117.0
146.7
39.8
132.4
191.1
143.5
349.1
247.4

63.4
163.3
107.4
324.2
222.4
90.2
148.7
48.1
313.1
92.2
223.3

264.6
131.5
87.2
126.8
249.2
53.4
93.8
84.2
148.8
96.2
111.2

76.5
26.9
56.7
64.0
49.8
41.0
76.5
29.4
146.9
55.6
75.2

47.2
28.6
43.9
7.0
15.0
17.7
73.7
36.4
9.4
127.8
61.8

31.8
23.7
23.6
50.6
10.8
13.8
3.6
4.8
0.0
40.6
43.5

9.5
19.9
54.7
58.5
0.3
33.9
42.8
14.7
6.2
6.8
24.6

42.8
52.7
110.0
78.9
69.4
23.5
29.7
15.9
59.5
125.9
77.5

207.6
111.9
85.3
141.2
17.6
110.0
273.1
65.3
121.9
111
9.6

130.1
61.0
72.6
102.3
152.4
100.2
63.7
70.4
115.7
99.9
24.8

58.4
110.4
62.5
196.5
134.0
250.1
40.9
132.5
92.4
204.1
175.2

1126.0
831.8
834.4
1383.5
1169.1
810.6
1031.1
766.8
1212.9
1466.3
1155.2

157.1
75.6
37.0
37.4

349.1
148.8
39.8
87.6

324.2
163.3
48.1
96.1

264.6
131.5
53.4
67.3

146.9
63.5
26.9
32.8

127.8
42.6
7.0
35.5

50.6
22.4
0.0
17.4

58.5
24.7
0.3
20.2

125.9
62.3
15.9
34.8

273.1
104.7
9.6
76.3

152.4
90.3
24.8
36.0

250.1
132.5
40.9
67.6

1466.3
1071.6
766.8
238.5

fig. N 01

Precipitacin (mm)

Fig.1:Variacin de la precipitacin mensual.-Estacin Cutervo

400.0
350.0
300.0
250.0
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
0.0
Ene.

Feb.

M ar.

Abr.

M ay.

Jun.

Jul.

Ago.

Set.

Oct.

Nov.

Dic.

1999

2000

M eses
Mx.

Prom.

Mn.

P recipitacin (mm)

Fig.2 :Variacin anual de la precipitacin.-Estacin Cutervo

1600.0
1400.0
1200.0
1000.0
800.0
600.0
400.0
200.0
0.0
1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995
Aos

1996

1997

1998

CUADRO N 2
ESTACIN CUTERVO .-PRECIPITACION MAXIMA EN 24 HORAS (mm)
Departamento:
Provincia:
Distrito:

Ao
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000

Ene.
30.0
14.5
9.2
30.0
23.0
10.2
15.1
24.2
10.0
37.8
25.3

Cajamarca
Cutervo
Cutervo

Feb.

Latitud:
Longitud:
Altitud:

Mar.

Abr.

22.4
22.4
52.0
29.0 s/d
s/d
26.8
31.0
23.8
16.5
42.2
33.2
20.0
39.0
81.5
11.0
13.0
17.4
23.4
31.2
22.4
36.0
20.8
13.4
51.2
49.0
26.0
57.0
22.8
20.0
50.0
30.8
40.9

May.
19.8
9.0
16.9
13.8
12.5
9.5
21.9
8.0
65.7
16.6
22.5

Jun.
7.0
13.2
14.5
3.2
4.5
5.0
34.2
12.2
0.5
28.0
13.9

Jul.
8.7
22.0
7.5
17.5
5.0
6.0
2.4
2.0
0.0
20.3
14.8

Ago.
3.5
11.0
24.0
19.0
0.3
25.5
8.2
5.3
1.6
4.5
8.1

Set.
12.3
17.4
22.0
29.0
17.8
7.3
8.4
5.5
23.3
35.6
16.0

Oct.
43.0
23.0
19.0
21.2
6.8
33.7
39.5
23.5
51.0
31.0
5.3

06 22'
78 49'
2450 msnm

Nov.
24.0
15.8
15.3
25.5
38.0
19.2
19.5
15.0
34.3
44.2
9.0

Dic.

Max.

17.0
31.2
12.5
52.0
26.8
31.0
11.0
25.3
43.5
24.6
34.0

Fig.N3: Variacin de la precipitacion mxima en 24 hrs

Estacin Cutervo
90.0
80.0

P(mm)

70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

Aos

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

52.0
31.2
31.0
52.0
81.5
33.7
39.5
36.0
65.7
57.0
50.0

CUADRO N 3
ESTACION CUTERVO.-PRECIPITACION MAXIMA EN 24 HORAS (mm)
Distribution Analysys: Pearson Type III
Point
Weibull
Actual Predicted Standard
Number Probability Value
Value
Deviation
1
0.0833
31.0
31.3
5.8
2
0.1667
31.2
34.0
3.3
3
0.2500
33.7
36.5
3.5
4
0.3333
36.0
39.0
4.4
5
0.4167
39.5
41.6
5.3
6
0.5000
50.0
44.4
6.1
7
0.5833
52.0
47.5
6.7
8
0.6667
52.0
51.2
7.1
9
0.7500
57.0
55.7
7.6
10
0.8333
65.7
61.8
8.5
11
0.9167
81.5
71.8
11.8

Summary of Data
First Moment (mean)=
48.1455
Second Moment=
2.54E+02
Skew:
6.27E-01
Predictions
Exceedence
Return
Calculated
Standard
Probability
Period
Value
Deviation
0.995
200
110.9
41.7
0.990
100
101.4
32.8
0.980
50
91.8
24.7
0.960
25
82.2
17.6
0.900
10
69.2
10.7
0.800
5
59.1
8.0
0.667
3
51.2
7.1
0.500
2
44.4
6.1

Pearson Type III

100
80

Value

Actual Data

60
40
20
0
0.0

Distribution
0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Weibull Probability

1.0

CUADRO N 4
ESTACION CUTERVO.-PRECIPITACION MAXIMA EN 24 HORAS (mm)
Distribution Analysys: Log Pearson Type III
Point
Weibull
Actual Predicted Standard
Number Probability Value
Value
Deviation
1
0.0833
31.0
29.1
3.5
2
0.1667
31.2
32.7
3.6
3
0.2500
33.7
35.8
3.9
4
0.3333
36.0
38.6
4.3
5
0.4167
39.5
41.6
4.7
6
0.5000
50.0
44.6
5.2
7
0.5833
52.0
48.1
5.8
8
0.6667
52.0
52.1
6.5
9
0.7500
57.0
57.2
7.5
10
0.8333
65.7
64.2
9.5
11
0.9167
81.5
76.3
14.6

Summary of Data
First Moment (mean)=
48.1455
Second Moment=
2.54E+02
Skew:
6.27E-01
Predictions
Exceedence
Return
Calculated Standard
Probability
Period
Value
Deviation
0.995
200
133.3
64.5
0.990
100
117.7
47.1
0.980
50
103.3
33.3
0.960
25
89.8
22.8
0.900
10
73.1
13.0
0.800
5
61.0
8.5
0.667
3
52.1
6.5
0.500
2
44.6
5.2

Log Pearson Type III

100
80

Value

Actual Data

60
40
20
0
0.0

Distribution
0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Weibull Probability

1.0

CUADRO N 5
ESTACION CUTERVO.-PRECIPITACION MAXIMA EN 24 HORAS (mm)
Distribution Analysis: Gumbel Extremal Type I
Point
Weibull
Actual Predicted Standard
Number Probability Value
Value
Deviation
1
0.0833
31.0
24.1
6.0
2
0.1667
31.2
29.7
4.9
3
0.2500
33.7
34.1
4.2
4
0.3333
36.0
38.0
4.0
5
0.4167
39.5
41.9
4.0
6
0.5000
50.0
45.9
4.5
7
0.5833
52.0
50.2
5.2
8
0.6667
52.0
55.0
6.2
9
0.7500
57.0
60.9
7.7
10
0.8333
65.7
68.6
9.8
11
0.9167
81.5
81.2
13.3

Summary of Data
First Moment (mean)=
48.1455
Second Moment=
2.54E+02
Skew:
6.27E-01
Predictions
Exceedence
Return
Calculated
Standard
Probability
Period
Value
Deviation
0.995
200
129.9
27.7
0.990
100
118.0
24.1
0.980
50
106.1
20.6
0.960
25
94.1
17.1
0.900
10
78.0
12.4
0.800
5
65.2
8.8
0.667
3
55.0
6.2
0.500
2
45.9
4.5

Gumbel Extremal Type I

100
80

Value

Actual Data

60
40
20
0
0.0

Distribution
0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Weibull Probability

1.0

CUADRO N 6
AJUSTE METODO DEL ERROR CUADRATICO MINIMO.- ESTACION CUTERVO
PRECIPITACIONES MXIMAS EN 24 HORAS
Prob.
0.0833
0.1667
0.2500
0.3333
0.4167
0.5000
0.5833
0.6667
0.7500
0.8333
0.9167

P(mm)
Po
31.0
31.2
33.7
36.0
39.5
50.0
52.0
52.0
57.0
65.7
81.5

Pearson Tipo 3
Pe

Log Pearson Tipo 3

(Po-Pe)
0.07
7.98
8.10
9.24
4.53
31.18
19.97
0.69
1.76
15.39
93.54
192.44
2

31.3
34.0
36.5
39.0
41.6
44.4
47.5
51.2
55.7
61.8
71.8

Pe

Gumbel

(Po-Pe)
3.72
2.33
4.28
7.00
4.23
28.64
15.30
0.01
0.03
2.29
26.79
94.61
2

29.1
32.7
35.8
38.6
41.6
44.6
48.1
52.1
57.2
64.2
76.3

Pe
24.1
29.7
34.1
38.0
41.9
45.9
50.2
55.0
60.9
68.6
81.2

(Po-Pe)2
47.27
2.26
0.14
4.12
5.76
16.99
3.37
9.08
14.90
8.59
0.07
112.55

CUADRO N 7

T
aos
200
100
50
25
10
5
3
2

Lluvias mximas .- Maygasbamba - Auque Alto (mm)

P.Max
Duracin en minutos
24 horas
15
30
60
120
180
133.3
42.6
50.6
60.2
71.6
79.3
117.7
37.6
44.7
53.2
63.2
70.0
103.3
33.0
39.2
46.7
55.5
61.4
89.8
28.7
34.1
40.6
48.2
53.4
73.1
23.4
27.8
33.0
39.3
43.5
61.0
19.5
23.2
27.6
32.8
36.3
52.1
16.7
19.8
23.6
28.0
31.0
44.6
14.3
17.0
20.2
24.0
26.5

240
85.2
75.2
66.0
57.4
46.7
39.0
33.3
28.5

CUADRO N 8

T
aos
200
100
50
25
10
5
3
2

Intensidades mximas .- Maygasbamba - Auque Alto (mm/hora)

P.Max
Duracin en minutos
24 horas
15
30
60
120
180
133.3
170.3
101.3
60.2
35.8
26.4
117.7
150.4
89.4
53.2
31.6
23.3
103.3
131.9
78.5
46.7
27.7
20.5
89.8
114.7
68.2
40.6
24.1
17.8
73.1
93.4
55.5
33.0
19.6
14.5
61.0
78.0
46.4
27.6
16.4
12.1
52.1
66.6
39.6
23.6
14.0
10.3
44.6
57.1
33.9
20.2
12.0
8.8

240
21.3
18.8
16.5
14.3
11.7
9.7
8.3
7.1

CUADRO N 9
Parmetros de intensidades mximas.- Maygasbamba - Auque Alto
T
Duracin (minutos)
Y

N de
orden
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

aos
200
100
50
25
10
5
3
2

15
170.3
150.4
131.9
114.7
93.4
78.0
66.6
57.1

30
101.3
89.4
78.5
68.2
55.5
46.4
39.6
33.9

60
120
180
240
60.2 35.8 26.4 21.3
53.2 31.6 23.3 18.8
46.7 27.7 20.5 16.5
40.6 24.1 17.8 14.3
33.0 19.6 14.5 11.7
27.6 16.4 12.1
9.7
23.6 14.0 10.3
8.3
20.2 12.0
8.8
7.1

Resultado de regresin:
Constante
Err estndar de est.Y
R cuadrada
Nm. de observaciones
Grado de libertad

2.59899
0.017964
0.997649
48
45

Coeficiente(s) X
Error estndar de coef.

0.233098 -0.7505
0.003786 0.0061

Log K=

I=

2.5990

397.18 T0.233
t

.0.751

Donde:
I= mm/h
T= aos
t= minutos

K= 397.18
m= 0.233
n= 0.751

Log (P)
2.231215
2.177248
2.120245
2.059563
1.970347
1.892095
1.823474
1.756636
2.005609
1.951338
1.894870
1.833784
1.744293
1.666518
1.597695
1.530200
1.779596
1.725912
1.669317
1.608526
1.518514
1.440909
1.372912
1.305351
1.553883

X1

X2

Log (T)
2.301030
2.000000
1.698970
1.397940
1.000000
0.698970
0.477121
0.301030
2.301030
2.000000
1.698970
1.397940
1.000000
0.698970
0.477121
0.301030
2.301030
2.000000
1.698970
1.397940
1.000000
0.698970
0.477121
0.301030
2.301030

Log (t)
1.176091
1.176091
1.176091
1.176091
1.176091
1.176091
1.176091
1.176091
1.477121
1.477121
1.477121
1.477121
1.477121
1.477121
1.477121
1.477121
1.778151
1.778151
1.778151
1.778151
1.778151
1.778151
1.778151
1.778151
2.079181

1.499687 2.000000 2.079181

1.442480
1.382017
1.292256
1.214844
1.146128
1.079181
1.421604
1.367356
1.311754
1.250420
1.161368
1.082785
1.012837
0.944483
1.328380
1.274158
1.217484
1.155336
1.068186
0.986772
0.919078
0.851258

1.698970
1.397940
1.000000
0.698970
0.477121
0.301030
2.301030
2.000000
1.698970
1.397940
1.000000
0.698970
0.477121
0.301030
2.301030
2.000000
1.698970
1.397940
1.000000
0.698970
0.477121
0.301030

2.079181
2.079181
2.079181
2.079181
2.079181
2.079181
2.255273
2.255273
2.255273
2.255273
2.255273
2.255273
2.255273
2.255273
2.380211
2.380211
2.380211
2.380211
2.380211
2.380211
2.380211
2.380211

CUADRO N 10
Intensidades mximas.- Maygasbamba - Auque Alto (mm/h)
I=

K Tm
tn

K= 397.2
m= 0.233
n= 0.751
Perodo de Retorno (T) en aos
5
10
172.71
203.00
102.66
120.66
75.72
89.00
61.02
71.72
45.01
52.90
36.27
42.63
30.68
36.06
26.75
31.44
23.83
28.01
21.56
25.34
19.73
23.19
18.23
21.43
16.97
19.95
15.90
18.69

Duracin (t)
(minutos)
5
10
15
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120

25
251.33
149.39
110.20
88.80
65.50
52.78
44.64
38.93
34.68
31.37
28.72
26.53
24.70
23.14

Figura N4: Curva Intensidad-Duracin-Frecuencia

Samangay-Morn Alto

Intensidad (mm/hora)

280.00
260.00
240.00
220.00
200.00
180.00
160.00
140.00
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
0

20

40

60

80

Duracin en minutos
5 aos

10 aos

25 aos

100

120

CUADRO N 11
Coeficientes de escorrenta para ser usados en el Mtodo Racional

Caracterstica de la superficie

Perodo de retorno
10
25
50

Areas de Cultivos
Plano, 0-2%
0.31
0.41 0.36
0.40
0.43
Promedio, 2-7%
0.35
0.38 0.41
0.44
0.48
Pendiente superior a 7%
0.39
0.42 0.44
0.48
0.51
Pastizales
Planos, 0-2%
0.25
0.28 0.30
0.34
0.37
Promedio, 2-7%
0.33
0.36 0.38
0.42
0.45
Pendiente superior a 7%
0.37
0.40 0.42
0.46
0.49
Bosques
Planos, 0-2%
0.22
0.25 0.28
0.31
0.35
Promedio, 2-7%
0.31
0.34 0.36
0.40
0.43
Pendiente superior a 7%
0.35
0.39 0.41
0.45
0.48
Fuente: Hidrologa Aplicada, Ven Te Chow, David R. Maidment, Larry W. Mays

100

500

0.47
0.51
0.54

0.57
0.60
0.61

0.41
0.49
0.53

0.53
0.58
0.60

0.39
0.47
0.52

0.48
0.56
0.58

CUADRO N 12
Caudales mximos Mtodo Racional.- Maygasbamba - Auque Alto

Coeficiente de escorrenta C:
Ubicacin

0.42
Area
Desnivel

Nombre

A (km2)
1
2
3
4*
5
6
*

1+590.00
1+900.00
4+060.00
9+500.00

07+850.00
01+000.00

Puente
Puente
Aliviaderos
A3 (Se tienen 2 TMC + 11 AEP)
Badn
Badn

Anlisis para el rea N 03

Qmximo en A3=
Alcantarillas TMC = 36" =
Se tienen:
Alcantarillas AEP = 24" =
Para una Alcantarilla = 36"
Considerando
n=
Dametro =
Tirante =
Pendiente=
Radio Hidrulico=
rea Hidrulica=
Angulo =

H (m.)

101.33
101.83
0.30
1.60
2.37
5.12

c
=

Longitud
del cauce
L (m.)

1
9

20,430
20,426
5
300
600
747
5

15.78 m3/seg
2 und
11 und

0.010
0.914
0.686
0.159
0.276
0.528
240

m
m
m/m

Grados

Qd1=

7
7

Periodo de Retorno:
10 aos
Pendiente
Tiempo de
Intensidad Caudal
concentracin Tc
mm/hora Mximo
S (m/m)
horas
minutos
(m3/s)

20430
20020
500
1890
2320
3290

1.000
1.020
0.010
0.159
0.259
0.227

0.68
0.66
0.37
0.27
0.25
0.34

(A)
(B)

8.92

m3/seg

(2)

40.64
39.62
22.40
16.03
14.78
20.63

42.04
42.85
65.76
84.55
89.86
69.96

497.02
509.09
2.30
15.78
24.85
41.79

Para una Alcantarilla = 24"

Considerando
n=
Dametro =
Tirante =
Pendiente=
Radio Hidrulico=
rea Hidrulica=
Angulo =

0.012
0.610
0.457
0.159
0.183
0.231
236.7721

m
m
m/m

2.47

m3/seg

(1)

Qd=

45.07

m3/seg

de A, B, (2) y (1)

Grados

Luego se tiene que:

Entonces:
Por lo tanto las obras de arte proyectadas en esa rea sern suficientes.
*

Qd2=

Qd > Qm

Anlisis para los Aliviaderos de cunetas

Considerando que la longitud mxima de recorrido de la cuneta (0.60x0.30 m.) es de 500 m. y analizando desde el Km. 04+460
hasta el Km. 04+060 y de los clculos anteriores se tiene:
De (1):
Qd=
2.47
m3/seg
Del cuadro N 12:
Qmx=
2.30
m3/seg
Entonces:

Qd > Qm

Se concluye que con un dametro de 24" ser suficiente para evacuar las aguas transportadas por las cunetas.

CUADRO N 13
RELACIN DE OBRAS DE ARTE PROYECTADAS
Ubicacin
(km.)

Caudal de
diseo
(m3/s)

0+083.00

2.30

0+510.00
0+860.00
1+000.00

2.30
8.92
41.79

1+400.00
1+600.00
1+900.00
2+090.00
2+600.00
3+540.00
4+050.00
4+363.00
4+740.00
4+910.00
4+975.00
5+260.00
5+430.00
5+980.00
6+670.00
7+220.00
7+710.00
7+850.00
8+120.00
8+340.00
9+090.00
9+500.00
9+580.00
9+900.00
10+500.00
11+000.00
11+520.00
11+940.00
12+220.00
12+480.00
12+840.00
13+140.00
13+433.00
13+565.00
13+780.00
14+260.00
NOTAS:

Estructura propuesta
Luz
(m.)
4.50
4.50
5.67
7.00

Altura
(m.)

Ancho
Cabezal
(m.) Entrada Salida
Caja
Aletas
Aletas
6.00

Observaciones

Aliviadero de Cunetas de la carretera

Chota Bambamarca.
Aletas Alcantarilla
Aletas Cruce de canal
Quebrada Machaypungo
Aletas

Tipo
AEP = 24"
AEP = 24"
TMC = 36"
BADEN

Aliviadero: Existe roca suelta; por lo

que se ha optado por un badn; antes
BADEN
que una alcantarilla AEP
497.02
13.80
Ro La Quebrada
Puente
509.09
13.00
Ro La Quebrada
Puente
AEP = 24"
4.50
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero
2.30
AEP = 24"
5.40
Aletas
Aletas Aliviadero
2.30
AEP = 24"
6.60
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero
2.30
AEP = 24"
6.30
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero
2.30
8.92
5.67
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
TMC = 36"
2.30
4.50
3.00
Carcava de escorrentia
BADEN
8.92
6.48
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
TMC = 36"
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
2.30
Aletas
TMC = 36"
8.92
6.48
Aletas Alcantarilla
AEP = 24"
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero
2.30
4.50
AEP = 24"
2.30
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
AEP = 24"
Caja
2.30
4.50
Aletas Aliviadero de Cuneta
AEP = 24"
7.10
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero de Cuneta
2.30
24.85
5.40
5.00
Carcava de escorrentia (camino)
BADEN
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
2.30
8.92
6.48
Aletas
Aletas Carcava de escorrentia
TMC = 36"
8.92
5.67
Aletas
Aletas Carcava de escorrentia
TMC = 36"
4.20
5.67
Aletas
Aletas Quebrada Seca
TMC = 36"
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero de cuneta
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero de cuneta
2.30
AEP = 24"
7.00
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero de cuneta
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
2.30
AEP = 24"
6.60
Caja
Aletas Aliviadero de cuneta
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Aliviadero de cuneta
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
2.30
8.92
5.67
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
TMC = 36"
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Alcantarilla
2.30
AEP = 24"
4.50
Aletas
Aletas Canal de Riego
2.30
1) Las longitudes mayores a 4.50 m. estn dadas por los sobre anchos de la plataforma,
2) Las longiutes TMC estn tomadas en funcin del mltiplo de cada cuerpo de alcantarilla = 0.81 m. (comercial)
2.30

4.50

3.00