Ryan Torres, Zach Lima, & Kae Andrews

Mr. Martin
CPA Theology IV
December 14, 2016

Annotated Bibliography
McKenna, Kevin E. A Concise Guide to Catholic Social Teaching. Revised ed. Notre Dame, IN:
Ave Maria, 2013. Print.
This source provides information regarding the 7th Catholic Social Teachings Principle,
which regards Caring for Gods Creation. It mentions how humanity is called to be a steward for
creation. As a Catholic, we are called to live in harmony with Gods creation and preserve and
protect it for future generations, as well as our present generation. Due consideration must be
given to the energy problem. Some states, power groups, and companies hoard non-renewable
energy resources, giving rise to exploitation and conflict. Causing poorer countries to lack the
means to gain access to non-renewable energy or to finance research for alternatives.
This source is credible because it references many different papal encyclicals, such as
Caritas in Veritate by Pope Benedict XVI. This encyclical explains how the international
community has an obligation to find institutional means of regulating the exploitation of
nonrenewable resources, involving poor countries. It explains how technologically advanced
societies must lower domestic energy consumption, in order to encourage research into
alternative forms of energy. Therefore, this source is credible because it explains how the
Church has a responsibility toward creation, not only defending it, but also to protect it and
prevent humankind from degradation.

Leach,

Anna. "Race to Renewable." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 15 Sept. 2015.
Web. 02 Dec. 2016.<https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/201
5/sep/15/five-developing-countries-ditching-fossil-fuels-china-india-costa-rica-afghanistan-albania
>.

This source provides information regarding the positive actions and directions that Costa
Rica has taken and that Libya should take. This article states how Costa Rica has made an
effort to only use renewable electricity in the country. Its specific ways included creating hydro,
geothermal, and wind power plants to obtain electricity. In addition to these power plants, wind
turbines and solar panels are being used across the country to similarly develop renewable
electricity. These examples can possibly be used in Libya or at least be a good model for ways
they can create renewable energy.
This article is a credible source because the author, Anna Leach, has reached out and
gained her information from a credible source. Her credible source was Monica Araya who is the
founder and director of Nivela and Costa Rica Limpia, which is a program dedicated to clean
development of Costa Rica. Also, The Guardian, another source, is a well known and well
developed British newspaper.

Doraisamy, Naomi. "Poverty in Libya." The Borgen Project. N.p., 27 June 2013. Web. 02 Dec.
2016. <http://borgenproject.org/poverty-in-libya/>.
Libya has large quantities of natural resources but suffer with severe poverty. Libya
contains the largest oil reserve in Africa and 9th largest in the world. About one-third of Libyans
live beneath the poverty line. Most of the profits from the oil reserves were taken by the reigning

monarch King Idris. There are many contributing factors as to why poverty has not been
destroyed in Libya, an interrupted economy, an ill-equipped health care system, and lack of
infrastructure.
This source provides specific information on the specifics of Libya as a country and the
struggles it has endured affecting its natural resources. It provided solid evidence for its fact that
came from reliable sources such as World Health Organization, The National, Mondaq, CIA
World Factbook, BBC, and African Economic Outlook.

"Stewardship." Knowing Jesus. New American Standard Bible, 1 Jan. 1995. Web. 14 Dec. 2016.

This site listed various biblical passages relating to the topic of the 7th Catholic Social
Teachings Principle, which regards Caring for Gods Creation.

Rinkesh. "Alternative Energy Sources." Conserve Energy. Conserve Energy Future, 26 Mar.
2013. Web. 02 Dec. 2016.<http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/AlternativeEnergy
Sources.php>.
This source will provide information on the alternate energy sources themselves. It
includes information on how alternate energy sources work, the benefits of these sources, and
advantages and disadvantages of the specific types of sources. This source is reliable because
the author gathered his information from reliable sources, such as the U.S Department of
Energy, the U.S Energy Information Administration, and Renewable Energy World.

Solar energy:

Used most widely

Used for more than electricity: drying clothes, photosynthesis in plants, etc.

Can be extracted by two methods: Solar thermal or Photovoltaic (PV) cells

Active v. passive solar energy: passive takes advantage of sun when it can,
active uses technology to collect and store energy

Does not create pollution, panels require little to no maintenance

Does not work as well in colder areas

Wind energy:

Windmills gather wind energy, and send it to the power grid

Used in many other countries

No air pollution

Less need for oil and gas

Geothermal Energy

Energy drawn or harnessed from beneath the Earth

Water goes down inside the Earth, where the temperature makes it boil,
producing steam, which is captured by heat pumps

Found anywhere on Earth

Only found in particular regions, may release harmful gas, increase in

earthquakes and volcanoes

Hydroelectric Energy

Captures the kinetic energy of moving water, moving turbines, which convert it
into electrical energy

Current largest producer of alternative energy in the world

Renewable, predictable, and controllable, environment friendly

Causes damage to aquatic life

Biomass energy

Conversion of biological materials into energy

Burning wood accounts for biomass energy

Reduces landfills

Releases methane when burned

Ocean Energy

Oceans large size allow energy to be used on a wider scale

3 ways: tidal, thermal, and wave energy

Hydrogen Energy

Clean source of fuel

Leaves no waste but water

Expensive to extract

Can also be used to make bombs (Hiroshima and Nagasaki)

Need fossil fuels to extract the hydrogen energy