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CHAPTER 9
MOBILE CRANES
This chapter specifies operation, inspection, maintenance, and testing requirements for the use of mobile
cranes and implements the requirements of ASME B30.5 (Mobile and Locomotive Cranes) (for latest
ASME standards, see http://catalog.asme.org/home.cfm?Category=CS).
9.1
GENERAL .................................................................................................................................9-1
9.1.1
Operator Training/Qualification ..................................................................................9-1
9.1.2
Load Limits..................................................................................................................9-1
9.1.3
Load Rating Chart........................................................................................................9-1
9.1.4
Load Hoist Brakes .......................................................................................................9-6
9.1.5
Power-Controlled Lowering ........................................................................................9-6
9.1.6
Booms ..........................................................................................................................9-6
9.1.7
Counterweight..............................................................................................................9-6
9.1.8
Rerating........................................................................................................................9-6
9.1.9
Maintenance History....................................................................................................9-6
9.1.10 Design Standards .........................................................................................................9-6
9.2
INSPECTIONS ..........................................................................................................................9-7
9.2.1
General.........................................................................................................................9-7
9.2.2
Initial Inspection ..........................................................................................................9-7
9.2.3
Daily Preoperational Check .........................................................................................9-7
9.2.4
Monthly Inspection ......................................................................................................9-7
9.2.5
Frequent Inspection......................................................................................................9-7
9.2.6
Periodic Inspection ......................................................................................................9-8
9.2.6.1
Cranes ........................................................................................................9-8
9.2.6.2
Hydraulic and Pneumatic Hose, Fittings, and Tubing................................9-9
9.2.6.3
Hydraulic and Pneumatic Pumps and Motors ............................................9-9
9.2.6.4
Hydraulic and Pneumatic Valves ...............................................................9-9
9.2.6.5
Hydraulic and Pneumatic Cylinders...........................................................9-9
9.2.6.6
Hydraulic Filters ........................................................................................9-9
9.2.6.7
Wire Rope ..................................................................................................9-9
9.2.7
Load Hooks/Load Blocks ..........................................................................................9-11
9.2.8
Cranes Not in Regular Use ........................................................................................9-11
9.3
TESTING .................................................................................................................................9-12
9.3.1
Operational Tests .......................................................................................................9-12
9.3.2
Rated Load Test .........................................................................................................9-12
9.4
MAINTENANCE ....................................................................................................................9-13
9.4.1
Preventive Maintenance.............................................................................................9-13
9.4.2
Maintenance Procedures ............................................................................................9-13
9.4.3
Wire-Rope Maintenance ............................................................................................9-13
9.5
OPERATION ...........................................................................................................................9-15
9.5.1
Conduct of Operator ..................................................................................................9-15
9.5.1.1
Traveling the Machine .............................................................................9-16
9.5.1.2
Making Adjustments or Repairs...............................................................9-16
9.5.1.3
Ensuring Stability.....................................................................................9-17
9.5.1.4
Further Safety Considerations..................................................................9-18
9.5.2
Operating Near Power Lines and Transmitter Towers...............................................9-18
9-i
DOE-STD-1090-2007
CHAPTER 9
MOBILE CRANES
9.5.2.1
9.5.3
9.5.4
9.5.5
9.5.6
9.5.7
9.5.8
9.5.9
9.5.10
9.5.11
9.5.12
EXHIBIT I
EXHIBIT II
EXHIBIT III
EXHIBIT IV
9-ii
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9.1 GENERAL
This chapter applies to commercial truckmounted cranes; crawler cranes; locomotive
cranes; wheel-mounted cranes, multiple control
stations; wheel-mounted cranes, single control
station; and any variation that retains the same
fundamental characteristics. These cranes have a
superstructure capable of rotating 360 degrees
mounted on a carrier and have boom raising and
lowering capabilities.
9.1.1
OPERATOR
TRAINING/QUALIFICATION
b.
c.
a.
b.
3.
4.
5.
LOAD LIMITS
9.1.3
2.
9-1
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9-2
8.
9.
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
50
60
70
80
lbs.
90
100
120
140
12
14
16
18
120 000
111 200
104 200
97 800
120 000
110 800
103 600
97 400
109 000
102 700
97 000
100 000
96 600
95 000
92 500
90 000
20
22
24
26
28
93 200
87 800
83 400
75 900
68 100
92 400
86 800
81 200
75 500
67 700
91 600
85 800
80 300
74 700
67 300
90 600
84 800
79 400
73 900
66 900
89 600
83 800
78 700
73 200
66 400
86 000
82 800
77 800
72 600
65 800
83 000
80 000
75 200
70 500
64 000
66 500
63 100
59 800
30
32
34
36
38
61 700
56 500
52 000
48 100
44 700
61 300
56 100
51 600
47 700
44 300
60 900
55 700
51 200
47 300
43 900
60 500
55 300
50 800
46 900
43 500
60 000
54 800
50 300
46 400
43 000
59 400
54 200
49 700
45 800
42 400
58 500
53 300
48 800
44 900
41 500
56 400
52 300
47 800
43 900
40 500
40
42
44
46
48
41 700
39 100
36 800
34 700
32 900
41 300
38 700
36 400
34 300
32 500
40 900
38 300
36 000
33 900
32 100
40 500
37 900
35 600
33 500
31 700
40 000
37 400
35 100
33 000
31 200
39 400
36 800
34 500
32 400
30 600
38 500
35 900
33 600
31 500
29 700
37 500
34 900
32 600
30 500
28 700
50
52
54
56
58
31 200
30 800
29 300
27 900
26 500
25 300
30 400
28 900
27 500
26 100
24 900
30 000
28 500
27 100
25 700
24 500
29 500
28 000
26 600
25 200
24 000
28 900
27 400
26 000
24 600
23 400
28 000
26 500
25 100
23 700
22 500
27 000
25 500
24 100
22 700
21 500
24 200
23 800
21 300
19 300
23 400
20 900
18 900
17 100
22 900
20 400
18 400
16 600
22 300
19 800
17 800
16 000
21 400
18 900
16 900
15 100
20 400
17 900
15 900
14 100
15 700
15 200
13 900
12 700
14 600
13 300
12 100
11 100
13 700
12 400
11 200
10 200
12 700
11 400
10 200
9 200
10 200
9 300
6 800
4 500
8 300
5 600
3 840
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
110
120
NOTES:
a. Above ratings are maximum recommended working loads. Loads between sold lines are computed at 75% of
tipping load across treads; with machine on firm, level ground. Loads outside solid lines are limited by
strength of boom.
b.
For booms 80 ft and longer, use cambered center section; for booms 100 ft and longer, use deep section
inserts.
9-3
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Reprinted from ASME B30.5-2004 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.
9-4
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Reprinted from ASME B30.5-2004 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.
9-5
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9.1.8
12. Hydraulic relief valve settings specified
by the manufacturer.
9.1.4
9.1.5
a.
b.
When rerated, crawler, truck, and wheelmounted cranes shall be tested in accordance
with SAE J765, Crane Load Stability Test
Code.
c.
d.
9.1.9
9.1.6
a.
b.
a.
MAINTENANCE HISTORY
BOOMS
The maintenance history of the crane shall be
retained throughout it service life.
9.1.10
DESIGN STANDARDS
a.
b.
9.1.7
RERATING
COUNTERWEIGHT
9-6
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9.2 INSPECTIONS
9.2.1
GENERAL
7.
b.
INITIAL INSPECTION
MONTHLY INSPECTION
2.
Hoist ropes.
b.
DAILY PREOPERATIONAL
CHECK
c.
d.
e.
F.
9.2.3
a.
9.2.4
a.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
9.2.5
9-7
FREQUENT INSPECTION
a.
b.
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
1.
c.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
c.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
PERIODIC INSPECTION
b.
d.
Inspect for:
9.2.6
a.
9.2.6.1 Cranes
9-8
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
n.
d.
Sticking spools.
e.
b.
c.
d.
Inspect for:
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Loss of pressure.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Inspect for:
Loose bolts or fasteners.
a.
a.
a.
b.
c.
1.
9-9
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
2.
c.
Table 9-2. Maximum allowable rope
reductions.
Rope diameter
Maximum
allowable
reduction from
nominal diameter
Up to 5/16 in.
(8 mm)
Over in to in.
(19 mm)
b.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
9-10
2.
d.
e.
2.
3.
4.
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
5.
f.
g.
h.
6.
7.
8.
9.2.7
a.
b.
c.
d.
.
i.
9-11
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2004
9.3 TESTING
9.3.1
OPERATIONAL TESTS
b.
c.
d.
Swinging mechanism.
e.
Travel mechanism.
f.
Safety devices.
b.
9.3.2
a.
Prior to initial use, all cranes in which loadsustaining parts have been modified,
replaced, or repaired shall be load-tested by
a qualified inspector or under the direction
of that inspector. All rated load tests shall
be performed in accordance with
manufacturers recommendations. A
c.
9-12
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9.4 MAINTENANCE
9.4.1
a.
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
b.
c.
9.4.2
a.
6.
7.
b.
c.
d.
2.
3.
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
2.
3.
4.
5.
WIRE-ROPE MAINTENANCE
9-13
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9.4 MAINTENANCE
e.
f.
9-14
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9.5 OPERATIONS
a.
b.
9.5.1
b.
d.
e.
f.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
CONDUCT OF OPERATOR
a.
c.
g.
9-15
n.
o.
p.
q.
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
r.
s.
t.
u.
v.
y.
z.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
2.
3.
b.
9-16
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
4.
5.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
6.
7.
8.
9.
c.
d.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
9-17
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9.5.2
Reprinted from ASME B30.5-2004 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.
9-18
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
a.
b.
c.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
9-19
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
h.
Up
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
b.
50
200
350
500
750
to
to
to
to
to
to
Minimum required
clearance
50 kV
200 kV
350 kV
500 kV
750 kV
1000 kV
Up
Over
Over
Over
Over
10 ft ( 3.1 m)
15 ft ( 4.6 m)
20 ft ( 6.1 m)
25 ft ( 7.6 m)
35 ft (10.7 m)
45 ft (13.7m)
0.75
50
345
750
to
to
to
to
to
Minimum required
clearance
0.75 kV
50 kV
345 kV
750 kV
1000 kV
9-20
4 ft (1.2 m)
6 ft (1.8 m)
10 ft (3.1 m)
16 ft (4.9 m)
20 ft (6.1 m)
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Reprinted from ASME B30.5-2004 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.
9-21
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
a.
a.
b.
c.
2.
3.
4.
a.
2.
3.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
9.5.3
HOIST-LIMIT SWITCH
9-22
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Reprinted from ASME B30.5-2004 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.
9-23
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Reprinted from ASME B30.5-2004 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.
9-24
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9.5.4
3.
9.5.7
b.
9.5.8
c.
a.
9.5.9
c.
a.
b.
Ensure that the load is attached to the loadblock hook by means of slings or other
approved devices.
c.
d.
b.
SIZE OF LOAD
9.5.6
SPECIAL SIGNALS
IDENTIFICATION OF SIGNALERS
a.
Function stop
d.
e.
a.
b.
1.
1.
2.
2.
9-25
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Reprinted from ASME B30.5-2004 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.
Figure 9-6. Standard hand signals for controlling mobile crane operation.
9-26
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Reprinted from ASME B30.5-2004 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.
9-27
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
RETRACT BOOM (Telescoping Boom). Onehand signal. Hold one fist in front of chest, thumb
pointing outward and heel of fist tapping chest.
Reprinted from ASME B30.5-2004 by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.
9-28
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
c.
3.
4.
5.
k.
l.
2.
d.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
9-29
1.
2.
3.
4.
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
f.
g.
h.
5.
6.
i.
7.
j.
8.
k.
9-30
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
9-31
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
INTENTIONALLY BLANK
9-32
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 1 of 4
EXHIBIT I
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE LOAD TEST
LICENSE OR EQUIPMENT NO. _______________ MAKE _____________ DATE _________
HOUR METER-ODOMETER TOTAL ____________________ RATED CAPACITY __________
LOAD TEST INSPECTION REPORT
The following checklist identifies the items to be inspected prior to the load test. Any unusual conditions
observed during the inspection should be noted in the Remarks section. Equipment shall be inspected by
maintenance personnel prior to load test.
NOTES:
1.
2.
NO.
CRANE ITEM
DEFECT
OK
NA
NO.
CRANE ITEM
Wire Rope
13
Cracked or Worn
Sheaves & Drums
14
15
Open Gears
Boom
16
Boom Jibs
(Where Applicable)
Master Clutch
NO.
CARRIER ITEM
Steering Clutches
Hydraulic Pump
Brakes
(Service and Hand)
Hydraulic Controls
Hydraulic Hoses
General Lubrication
10
Mechanical Controls
OPERATING TEST
11
Drive Chains
OVERALL
CONDITION
12
Swing Clutches
DEFECT
OK
NA
DEFECT
OK
NA
9-33
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 2 of 4
EXHIBIT I (continued)
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE LOAD TEST AND FOLLOW-UP CHECKS
NOTES: 1. Craftsman shall initial all steps completed below.
2. Qualified inspector shall verify all steps below.
_______
1.
_______
2.
Perform operations test without load to verify proper function of the following:
Swinging mechanism
Travel mechanism
Safety devices.
_______
3.
Test loads shall not exceed 110% of rated capacity. Refer to load chart for
load test capacity at maximum and minimum working radius. Check boom
angle indicators for accuracy.
_______
4.
_______
5.
Hoist the test load a sufficient distance to ensure that the load is supported
by the crane and held by the hoist brakes. Hold the load for 10 min or the
time required to check all primary load-bearing parts while under load without
slippage, damage, or permanent deformation.
_______
6.
At least once during the lifting portion of the hoisting cycle and once during
the lowering cycle, power to the hoisting equipment shall be completely
turned off. There shall be no slippage of the load or overheating of the
brakes.
_______
7.
Lower the load to approximately 2 in. off the ground to check for swing-roller
operation and outrigger stability. Slowly swing test load between outrigger
locations.
_______
8.
Move the load back to the original position and slowly lower to ground.
_______
9.
9-34
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 3 of 4
EXHIBIT I (continued)
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE LOAD TEST AND FOLLOW-UP CHECKS
DEFECTIVE/OK/NA
_______
a.
_______
b.
Wear
_______
c.
Kinks
_______
d.
Broken wires
_______
e.
a.
Wear
_______
b.
Deformation
_______
c.
Deterioration
_______
d.
Hooks with more than 5% normal (new hook) throat opening not to exceed 14 in. (or as
recommended by the manufacturer) shall be replaced. Hooks with any visibly apparent bend or twist
from the plane of the unbent hook (new hook) shall be replaced. Hooks having more than 10% wear in
the bowl section or 5% elongation of the shank shall be replaced. Lubricate hook bearing and
latch pin, as applicable.
Establish three marks; A, B, and C, with a center punch. For ease in measuring, set distances on
an even number of inches.
BEFORE LOAD TEST
Length AB _______ in.
Length BC _______ in.
2.
3.
9-35
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 4 of 4
EXHIBIT I (continued)
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE LOAD TEST LOAD AND FOLLOW-UP CHECKS
This information should be retained with the equipment.
Record the following:
BLOCK WEIGHT ___________________________________ lb.
TEST WEIGHT ____________________________________ lb.
RADIUS/CENTER PIN TO LOAD ______________________ ft.
PARTS LINE _____________________________________ quantity
BOOM LENGTH ___________________________________ ft.
Load Test Inspection Date _______________________________________
Qualified Inspector _____________________________________________
Operated By __________________________________________________
9-36
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 1 of 3
EXHIBIT II
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE PRE-OPERATIONAL CHECKLIST
(Records Are Not Required)
STATUS CODE: SAT Satisfactory
Applicable
EXTERNAL
UNSAT Unsatisfactory
CODE
R Repaired
N/A Not
COMMENT
9-37
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 2 of 3
EXHIBIT II (continued)
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE PRE-OPERATIONAL CHECKLIST
(Records Are Not Required)
EXTERNAL
CODE
COMMENT
9-38
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 3 of 3
EXHIBIT II (continued)
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE PRE-OPERATIONAL CHECKLIST
(Records Are Not Required)
INSIDE CAB
CODE
COMMENT
9-39
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
INTENTIONALLY BLANK
9-40
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 1 of 2
EXHIBIT III
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE FREQUENT INSPECTION REPORT
MODEL #: _______________ SERIAL #: ______________ HOUR METER: __________
STATUS CODE: SAT Satisfactory UNSAT Unsatisfactory R Repaired
FREQUENT
CODE
COMMENT
9-41
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 2 of 2
EXHIBIT III (continued)
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE FREQUENT INSPECTION REPORT
FREQUENT
CODE
COMMENT
Motor
Valves
Cylinders
Lamps:
Turn Signals
Headlamps
Cab
Boom
Backup
Boom Sheaves
Boom Alignment
Jib Alignment
Machine Structure
Clean/Change:
Differential Breather
Fuel Filter Screen
Compressor Strainer
Transmission Filter
Drum
Wire Rope: Dirt/Lube/Kinks
Hook & Latch
Block & Sheaves
Guards in Position
Emergency Stop
Comments: Note Any Potential Hazards or Malfunctions
9-42
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 1 of 3
EXHIBIT IV
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE PERIODIC INSPECTION REPORT
MODEL #: _______________ SERIAL #: ______________ HOUR METER: __________
STATUS CODE: SAT Satisfactory UNSAT Unsatisfactory R Repaired
PERIODIC
CODE
COMMENT
9-43
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 2 of 3
EXHIBIT IV (continued)
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE PERIODIC INSPECTION REPORT
PERIODIC
CODE
COMMENT
Clean/Change
Differential Breather
Fuel Filter Screen
Compressor Strainer
Transmission Filter
Drum
Wire Rope: Dirt/Lube/Size/Kink
Hook & Latch
Block & Sheave
Guards in Position
Emergency Stop
Welds & Cracks:
Hoists
Boom
Sheaves
Hook
Block
Motor
Valves
Cylinders
Lamps:
Turn Signals
Headlamps
Flashers
Cab
Boom
9-44
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
Page 3 of 3
EXHIBIT IV (continued)
(SAMPLE FORM)
MOBILE CRANE PERIODIC INSPECTION REPORT
PERIODIC
CODE
COMMENT
Backup
Paint
Cracks or Leaks:
Swing Gearbox Case
Transmission Case
Pump Drive Box
Engine Intake
Boom Wear Pads
Brake Liners
Axle Planetary Hubs
Cleaner
Clutch Release Bearing
Gear Shift Control
Steering System Oil
Crankcase Breather
Tie Rod Ball Joints
Steering Knuckles
Drag Link Ends
Drag Link U-Joint
Windshield Wiper
Lever Indicator
Emergency Brake
Gauges: Oil, Fuel, Amp
CIRCLE ONE:
PASS
FAIL
Signature:___________________ Date: _______
9-45
Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes
DOE-STD-1090-2007
INTENTIONALLY BLANK
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Chapter 9
Mobile Cranes