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Understanding Bi-Stability
A curved beam which conforms to the initial fabricated shape as
shown and described the equation will display bi-stable nature
=
Source: Jin Qui et.al A Curved Beam Bistable Mechanism, Journal of Microelectromehanical Systems, 2004
The 1 cosine curve does not work because it buckles into its second mode shape. Dampening or
prevention of this mode shape is one of the requirements for bi-stability.
To address this, a central stiffener was added which prevents the second mode from occurring
1 cosine curve
3000
2000
1000
0
-1000
-2000
1 cosine
curve
LPF
2 cosine
curve
LPF
1 tin-lid
curve
LPF
Wmax (N)
Wmin (N)
-3000
2 tin-lid
curve
LPF
Cosine
Curve
with
stiffener
LPF
-4000
-5000
Since the critical values are lower for the cosine curve with central stiffener, it is the most suitable profile!
Parametric Studies
Prototype
To physically test the model, a prototype made-of material Vero-white (E=3 GPA), having a scaled up
length of 125 mm were 3D printed.
A bell crank was chosen to provide the force transfer from the armrest to the bi-stable mechanism
Integration of Bell Crank Actuation with the BMBSM is difficult to simulate in FEM tools as one is a rigid member (bell
crank) and the other is a deformable member (bi-stable mechanism)
The bi-stable mechanism with bell crank is modeled as an equivalent rigid model in Adams. The
spring behaves in the same manner as the bi-stable mechanism would
Complete Chair
Having analyzed the problem and arrived at a suitable design configuration, the bell crank and bi-stable
mechanism was integrated into a chair frame.
Closure
Nonlinear finite element simulation of an intriguing bi-modal bistable metallic lid
Forces to switch from one stable state to the other are and vice
versa are different as are the modes of actuation
Novel application of the lid in the design of a chair that eases rising
from it
Thank You
Any Questions?