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1
Frat University, Technical Education Faculty, Elazg , Turkey
Cumhuriyet University, Sivas Vocational High School, Sivas, Turkey
In this study, ferritic stainless steel (AISI 430)/medium-carbon steel (AISI 1030) couples, having two different properties of 10 mm thick, were
welded by using the synergic controlled pulsed (GMAW-P) and manual gas metal arc welding (GMAW) techniques. Constant wire feed speed,
voltage, welding speed, and gas ow rates (3.2 m/min, 22.5 V, 4 mm/s, 16 L/min) were used in these techniques. The interface appearances of
the welded samples were examined by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS),
and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). In order to determine mechanical properties of samples, the tensile and microhardness tests were conducted. The
GMAW-P joints of AISI 430/AISI 1030 steel couples showed superior tensile strength, less grain growth, and narrower heat affected zone (HAZ)
when compared with GMAW joints, and this was mainly due to lower heat input, ner fusion zone grain, and higher fusion hardness.
Keywords GMAW-P; Mechanical; Welding.
Introduction
The joining of dissimilar metals is generally more
challenging than that of similar metals because of difference
in the physical, mechanical, and metallurgical properties
of the parent metals to be joined. In order to take
full advantage of properties of different metals it is
necessary to produce high quality joints between them. The
most widely used metal underpinning modern industry is
carbon steel. Stainless steels designed to increase corrosion
resistance (excellent stress corrosion cracking resistance
and good resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion
in chloride environments) and oxidation resistances are
extensively used in the manufacture of thermal nuclear
power plants, chemical plants, etc. An extremely important
and unavoidable practical requirement in modern steel
construction technology is to be able to perform dissimilar
welding of stainless steel to carbon steel. In this case, it is
necessary to join AISI 430 to AISI 1030 [13].
Ferritic stainless steels (FSS) are iron-chromium carbon
alloys with sufcient chromium or chromium plus another
ferrite stabilizer, such as aluminum, niobium, molybdenum,
or titanium, to inhibit the formation of austenite on heating.
The pressure vessel and piping applications of FSS are
listed under the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
(ASME) codes. FSS are used commonly due to their
good corrosion resistance, easy formation property, and
signicant economic advantage with regard to austenitic
in many environments. Furthermore they are used in
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Fe
AISI1030
AISI 430
AISI316L
Balance
Balance
Balance
Cr
Ni
Si
Mo
Mn
16.02
18
0.267
0.048
0.03
0.22
12
0.177
0.44
0.7
0.016
2.5
0.053
0.002
1.13
0.610
0.8
AISI 430
AISI 1030
% Elongation (mm)
Hardness (HV)
485
463.7
25
31.2
82
133
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Figure 3.Microstructure of the S1 sample: (a) side of AISI 1030; (b) weld
metal; and (c) side of AISI 430 and transition zone.
Figure 4.Microstructure of the S2 sample: (a) side of AISI 1030; (b) weld
metal; and (c) side of AISI 430 and transition zone.
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tensile specimens were prepared according to the EN100021:1996 (Fig. 2). The specimens were removed from the
materials in such a way that the weld was located in the
center of each specimen, and the samples were machined
transverse to the welding direction. The tensile tests were
carried on a HOUNSFIELD (50000 N) tensile test machine
at a cross head speed of 2 mm/min. The microhardness
of weld metal and the HAZ were measured with a Leica
MHF-10 microhardness test machine at different points by
Vickers microhardness method. A 200 g load was used in
the measurement.
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4. Excessive grain growth is avoided by using GMAWP technique in welding of AISI 430/AISI 1030 steel
couples.
5. Joining of 10 mm thick AISI 430/AISI 1030 steel couples
is accomplished by GMAW-P technique.
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