COMBATING POVERTY AND

IMPROVING LIVELIHOOD THROUGH

AGROFORESTRY
SCC - VI Agroforestry Eastern Africa

John Owuor john.owuor@viafp.org

About SCC-Vi Agroforestry
Past 25 years working in the Lake Victoria basin
Vi-Agroforestry has bee doing agroforestry in East
Africa; Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda and Tanzania – but
around Lake Victoria
Objectives are to reached on household level ;
• To increase food and nutritional security
• To increase fuel-wood availability
• To increase income
 Ambition:
Improved living conditions
for150 000 farmer
householdswithin the Lake
Victoria Basin by 2011
 Key drivers and manifestations of vulnerability
in the Lake Victoria basin
5

 Population pressure  Inflation

 30 million in the basin today  Staple foods
and 60 million 2030  Fertilisers
 gasoline
 Land degradation
 Agricultural practices
 Disease prevalence
 Water borne
 Overgrazing
 Vector borne
 Deforestation for Energy
supply  HIV /Aids

FOOD INSECURITY LIVELIHOODS COMPROMISED

Main Components

Land use, Environment and Climate

Change
Agroforestry, Sustainable energy, Climate variability
adaptation & mitigation, SALM practices Capacity
Lobby &
building
advocacy
Farm Enterprise Development & for
Agroforestry, Farm planning, Business, development, training
Gender & HIV/AIDS mainstreamed sustainable
Value addition, Marketing For farmer
land use
groups, staff,
S/holders etc. mgnt
Farmer groups and demand-driven
advisoryservices
Bulking, Value addition, Marketing, Financial services,
Community facilitators, Outreach

Gender & HIV/AIDS mainstreaming

How we do it ( activities)
 Agroforestry  on farm, homestead, boundary &
hedgerows
 Improved yields & diets
 Fuel wood production,

 soil & water management, hedgerows

 Fodder for livestock management ( dairy farming)

 Unsustainable Sustainable charcoal production
 Farming as a business by income generating
activities.
 Victoria basin and Rivers basins

Basins Areas
(km sq)
Kagera 58,500 High pop

Yala, Nzoia & 17, 500

Sio
Gurumeti 14,200

Mara 13,900

Katonga 8,700

Isonga 10,300

Magoga 3,800

Basin Area 261,000 sq. km, land area 192,000 sq. km

Agroforestry and food security
Balanced diet

Financial Farm
services Planning
Ability to
Income
Educate generating
children Activity
Joint
Mkting & Demand
Sales (value driven &
Addition) Advisory

Increase in firewood & improved use of

alternative energy
GIS at Micro-scale
 Piloting 2 Carbon project
 Western Kenya carbon project ( Kenya)
 Carbon credit are accumulated before payment
 Post payment system

 Plan Vivo Foundation ( Kagera in Tanzania)

 Farmersare paid in advance to accumulate carbon
 Pre payment system
Western Kenya Smallholder Agriculture
Carbon Finance Project

 6 divisions
 45,000 ha targeted
 60,000 households
 29 years
Plan Vivo Foundation
Project is Kagera basin Tanzania

•Project has just been certified

for carbon

•Scaling up program has

already started

•Target 300 farmers

Kagera
 1 ward in Nyaishozi
division
 1130 ha targeted
 24 households pilot
 10 years
 105,307 tCO2e
 13 USD/tCO2e
 Key participants in Vi Programme Carbon projects
are small-scale farmers

 BioCF: Western Kenya Smallholder Agriculture Carbon Finance project

 Plan Vivo; Carbon management and rural livelihoods: ‘Emiti Nibwo Burola
project’

Kenya Kisumu and Kitale Tanzania Kagera (Plan Vivo)

SALM practices – soil and agriculture carbon Agro forestry systems - tree carbon

World bank BioCF certified using Voluntary Carbon Sweden companies and individuals certified through Plan
Standard Vivo system or standard

Farm group contracts Farmer individual contracts

No advance payments but staged on delivery Advance payments and staged

13an area, or in
Both aim voluntary carbon offsetting, corporate social responsibility, or simply to support PES in
respect of ecosystem services that they have an interest in supporting
 GIS/GPS training
is crucial
Data Using Trimble & Arcpad 7
Basin and Groups location

•Interpolation
•Prediction
•Trends
 Farmers to be aware of climate change and adapt
 Farmer to keep their farm record
 Farmers to build networks
GIS at Macro-scale == Basin Analysis

Baseline data:
 Soil Erosion and transportation model
 Already developed models e.g RUSLE
 Deforestation
 Rateand change over time
 Competing activity e.g urban or agriculture
 Siltation
 Population changes
 Rates and impacts on food security, health etc
 Help refine global models geographic models to adapt
them to local scenarios
Environmental hotspots monitoring
Scaling up and out the basin
Macro scale GIS
Scale Up

Scale out Scale out

Farmers & Groups

Micro GIS

VS& L Organised Marketing

Institutions
Potentials for GIS

Current Activities
 Fitting GIS into the programme monitoring system

 Taking the baseline of current activities through GIS and

socio-economics

 Tracing agroforestry footprints into the 1980’s and 1990’s

and current 2000’s in previous areas of operation
GIS as Monitoring & Evaluation Tool
Time dependent change assessment corroborated by
previous socio-economic data earlier
 Taking baseline of current activities through GIS and socio-
economics Basins analysis
 Tracing agroforestry footprints into the 1980’s and 1990’s in
previous areas of operation
 Sat images and looking at AOI
 Measure impact of agroforestry in the previous areas of operation
 Fitting GIS into the programme group monitoring system
 For CDM the project using grid reference points
WEB
World bank developed tools and methodologies
integrated in a website (iSMART) for project willing
to sell carbon under Clean Development Mechanism
(CDM)
 Methodology for small holder agriculture still being
refined
Plan Vivo Foundation
Where can CG bridge the gap?
 Downscaling some of the models for local
applications
 Crop window model ( IFPRI)
 Domain analysis (IFPRI)

 Climate change predictions 2010, 2030 (ILRI)

 Model validation and update on the ground

smaller organizations can be of help
 Help make the models become more & more accurate