Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
1529)
REGALIAN DOCTRINE
1. Concept
Regalian Doctrine- all lands of whatever
classification and other natural resources
not otherwise appearing to be clearly within
private ownership belong to the State.
CRUZ v SEC. OF DENR
The provisions of IPRA do not contravene
the Constitution. Examining the IPRA, there
is nothing in the law that grants to the
ICCs/IPs ownership over the natural
resources within their ancestral domain.
Ownership over the natural resources in the
ancestral domains remains with the State
and the rights granted by the IPRA to the
ICCs/IPs over the natural resources in their
ancestral domains merely gives them, as
owners and occupants of the land on which
the resources are found, the right to the
small scale utilization of these resources,
and at the same time, a priority in their
large scale development and exploitation.
Additionally, ancestral lands and ancestral
domains are not part of the lands of the
public domain. They are private lands and
belong to the ICCs/IPs by native title, which
is a concept of private land title that existed
irrespective of any royal grant from the
State. However, the right of ownership and
possession by the ICCs/IPs of their
ancestral domains is a limited form of
ownership and does not include the right to
alienate the same.
of Deeds.
BARANDA v GUSTILO
A notice of lis pendens, when the title is
involved in a civil case, the plaintiff will file
the notice of lis pendens to the RD and this
is usually annotated on the title. The effect
of the notice of lis pendens is that it is a
notice to everyone, that when you buy a
property with this notice, you take the risk
to the result of the case. You are bound by
the outcome of the case such that when the
outcome of the case is against the seller,
then you are bound by it.
This case is about the ministerial duty of the
RD.
BALBIN v RD of ILOCOS SUR
Under Section 41 of PD 429, when there are
several owners with a parcel of land, the
owners may request for 1 title for all of
them. But the co-owners may also request
for a co-owners title but whenever there is
a voluntary transaction, all titles should be
surrendered, otherwise the RD can deny.
Instances where RD may deny
registration
14-38)
1. Application
2. JUDICIAL
CONFIRMATION
OF
IMPERFECT
OR
INCOMPLETE
TITLES
Sec. 48(b), Public Land Act, CA 141, as
amended
Sec. 48(b): The following described citizens
continuous,
thereof
and
notorious
possession
SUSI v RAZON
G.R. 24066, 9 December 1925
[re: compliance w/ requirements for gov.
grant]
Where there is compliance with all the
requirements, i.e., possession in the
manner and for the period required by law,
for a government grant, the land ipso
jure ceases to be public land and
becomes private property. [Susi Doctrine]
NOTE: Act 2874
In favor of Susi was the presumption juris
et de jure established in Sec. 45(b) of Act.
No. 2874. Under the law then in effect,
actual
and
physical
possession
of
agricultural land of the public domain since
July 26, 1894 entitles one to a right to a
certificate of title of said land. Compliance
with the possession for the nature and
length of time required gives rise to not just
an entitlement to a grant, but a grant from
the Government without the necessity of
the issuance of a title.
NOTE: Authority of Director of Lands
Once the land has ceased to form part of
the public domain, and has become private
property, the Director of Lands no longer
has authority to sell such parcel of land.
The sale of such parcel of land is null and
void.
DIR OF LANDS V ACME
[re: application for registration by private
corp.]
When natural persons have fulfilled the
required statutory period of possession, the
x x x Private corporations or
associations may not hold such
alienable lands of the public domain
except by lease, for a period not
exceeding twenty-five years, renewable for
DIAZ v REPUBLIC
The ruling in the case of Director of Lands
vs. Reyes is applicable in this case and thus
constitutes res judicata. The Supreme Court
ruled that in registration cases filed under
the provisions of the Public Land Act for the
judicial confirmation of an incomplete and
imperfect title an order dismissing an
application for registration and declaring the
land as part of the public domain
constitutes res judicata not only against the
adverse claimant
persons.
but
also
against
all
Native Title
It refers to pre-conquest rights to lands and
domains which, as far back as memory
reaches, have been held under a claim of
private ownership by ICCs/IPs, have never
been public lands and are thus indisputably
presumed to have been held that way since
before the Spanish Conquest.
Ancestral Domain
NCIP (National Commission for Indigenous
People) may alienate and identify land to be
known now to be issued Certificate of
Ancestral Title simply to identify, to
apprised the public that this land has been
identified as an ancestral domain and
ancestral land. No Torrens title would be
issued.
An ancestral domain may not be titled. This
is a communally owned land of the
indigenous people. On the other hand, an
ancestral land has to be titled. For this
purpose, it has to be declared to be
agricultural but it does not have to be
declared as alienable and disposable.
Neither is this covered under PD 705(the
Forestry Code). As presented by Agcaoili,
18% slope for the land this is not
considered as registrable but for ancestral
lands, this does not apply to the latter.
4.Forms and Contents (Section 15-19)
Who may apply. The following persons may
file in the proper Court of First Instance an
application for registration of title to land,
whether personally or through their duly
authorized representatives:
(1) Those who by themselves or
through
their
predecessors-ininterest have been in open,
continuous, exclusive and notorious
l.
of
and
Issuance of Decree
REPUBLIC V NILLAS
[re: no time limit for issuance of decree]
A decree shall be issued only after the
decision adjudicating the title becomes final
and executory, and it is on the basis of said
decree that the Register of Deeds
concerned
issues
the
corresponding
certificate of title. But there is no time limit
within which the court may order the
issuance of the decree.
NON-REGISTRABLE PROPERTIES
SANTULAN v EXEC SECRETARY
G.R. No. L-28021, 15 December 1977
[re: preferential right to lease foreshore
lands]
Paragraph 32 of Land Administrative Order
No. 7-1, promulgated for the disposition of
alienable lands of the public domain,
provides: x x x The owner of the property
v. Republic)
NOTE:
Registration
not
always
available
In so far as registration is concerned, what
might be legal might not be registrable.
Because there are certain rules in
registration. In other words, although one
may have a right over a property by virtue
of a proclamation in their favor, whether or
NOTE:
Riparian owner
The term riparian owner embraces not
only the owners of lands on the banks of
rivers but also the littoral owners, meaning
the owners of lands bordering the shore of
the sea or lake or other tidal waters.