Fundamental of surfactant injection in the reservoir sandstones

Abstract
In the oil field is in production with waterflooding, generally residual oil left in the reservoir
rock is still very much and very economical if it can produksikan. The oil trapped in the pores
of rocks in the causes by capillary force between the fluid reservoir. This trapped oil can be
taken if the voltage between the surface of the fluid is reduced.
EOR method is a method which is appropriate to do this dewatering stage. EOR method is a
method that involves one or more fluid injected into the reservoir. Where the fluid will
undergo a chemical process so that it will react with the reservoir fluids and reservoir rocks.
This reaction will cause some of the things that will change the nature of the reservoir rock
and fluid volume of which is the development of oil, voltage drop antarpermukaan, mobility
suppressor fluid (water), the viscosity of the fluid even fluid permeability.

Keywords: Enhanced Oil Recovery, Surfactant Injection, Oil Recovery

Introduction
Enhanced Oil Recovery

The purpose of the injection of

Technology has been developed using

surfactant is increasing the effective

such alkaline chemicals and surfactants

permeability of rock and lowering the

and in some cases enhanced its

interfacial tension of oil - injection fluid,

displacement by using a polymer ..

as well as changing rock conditions like

Injection of surfactant in the

reservoir sandstone done with the
injection method without the use of alkali
surfactant or polymer, the type of
surfactant used is anionic surfactant.

oil (oil wet) becomes like water (water

wet) so that oil production can reach
optimal potential.

Basic Theory

concentration sandstone.Untuk

Surfactant can reduce the

great use of it will cause the

interfacial tension and increase the oil

process of absorption (adsorption)

recovery has been proposed by previous

were great as well. The use of low

researchers to use a low concentration of

concentrations of surfactant

surfactant one of them was Berger et al,

considered quite economical by

which states that the surfactant lowers the

using low concentrations but can

surface tension between formation water

produce very low IFT values

(brine) and the remaining oil (residual oil)

anyway. The use of low

and their effects which will increase the

concentrations of surfactants

capillary Number. Capillary number (Nc)

considered quite economical

is used to declare the release of the oil that

because it requires only a low

is still stuck in a porous medium.

concentration of 1000 - 3000 ppm,

Capilary number that is worth

and it is sufficient to provide a

about 10-6 match court cases that have

fairly low IFT values without the

been made water flood (displacement

use of alkali which has a tendency

using water) and this will be increased two

to cause corrosion and plugging.

Salt Tolerance
Surfactants of this type are very

to three times to push the oil to the

maximum extent. IFT (interfacial Tension)

tolerant towards the formation of

in the case of precious waterflood range

101-100 mN / m. To use your own

the salt content in the water.

Emulsi, Korosi dan Scale

surfactant can reduce the surface tension

Reduction.

to 10-2 mN / m or less, where it would

Problem in formations such as

increase the number Capilary two to three

emulsions, scale and corrosion can

times.

be avoided because the treatment

Here are some basic considerations low

required only a low concentration

concentrations of surfactants election:

and alkali is not required to

Low Concentration
To use a high concentration of
surfactant is very effective if used
on a layer of surfactant

produce additional ultra IFT

(interfacial tension).

permeability enlarged as a
Evaluation of Water Production rate
Injection of surfactant considered
to reduce the value of water cut. It is

function of distance from the well.

The mid stage, there is increased

ability pumping rate with an

based on the effects when the surfactant is

average rate of pumping at lower

a surfactant injection may change the

injection pressures, which means

wettability properties of rocks into water

a decrease of injection pressure

wet.

and injection rate of increase

compared with Early Stage. It is

Evaluation of Relative permeability of

estimated that due to the

Oil

increasing effective permeability

Injection of surfactant can

of the formation fluid injection

increase the value of Kro. It is based on

flow.

the theory that when the surfactant

capable of lowering the value of the value
of the IFT Kro will also increase.

Final Stage, there was a slight

decrease in the ability of pumping
rate with an average pumping rate

Here are 3 stages of injection of surfactant

but necessary increase in the

in the reservoir sandstone

average injection pressure is

The Early Stage associated with

greater, it may mean a decrease in

the injection fluid displacement

the effective permeability of the

conditions around the well by

formation fluid injection flow. At

fluid injection Surfactant which

this stage the researchers assume

generally have a lower effective

that the surfactant has reached

permeability than the original

radius reservoir deep enough, so

permeability formations due to the

that the movement of the tip of the

effect of "damage" or "skin effect.

tongue injection fluid can form a

At this stage an increase in

"front" effective displacement of

pumping rate capability with a

the original fluid formation.

constant injection pressure. This is

due to the distribution of

Shut In well

After injection of the

wells were also influenced by the

program is done, then the well

porosity, the layer thickness,

ditututup first. Closure of these

permeability, oil saturation and

wells do aim to give surfactant

density of oils
in the reservoir. During the

time to react with hydrocarbons

closing process is also carried out

which will reduce the surface

monitoring wells around the

tension (IFT) is a new and

injection wells, expected the

optimal. Recommendations

influence of low concentrations of

closing the wells is also intended

surfactants that are injected to

to restore reservoir pressure. The

increase production in the

duration of the closure of the

surrounding wells.

Conclusion
1.

2.

3.

3 stages in the injection of

Use of Surfactant cause changes

surfactant that is Early stage,mid

wetting properties of the oil wet

stage and final stage. That is very

rock into water wet.\

Use of Surfactant low

important to note for the purpose

concentration compatible with the

rock and fluid reservoir
sandstones ".

of attention to the performance of

the surfactants