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BRITISH STANDARD

BS EN
50216-5:2002
Incorporating
Amendments Nos. 1, 2
and 3

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Power transformer and


reactor fittings
Part 5: Liquid level, pressure and flow
indicators, pressure relief devices and
dehydrating breathers

The European Standard EN 50216-5:2002, with the incorporation of


amendments A1:2002, A2:2005 and A3:2006, has the status of a
British Standard

ICS 29.180

12&23<,1*:,7+287%6,3(50,66,21(;&(37$63(50,77('%<&23<5,*+7/$:

BS EN 50216-5:2002

National foreword
This British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of
EN 50216-5:2002, incorporating amendments A1:2002, A2:2005 and A3:2006.

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The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in


the text by tags !". Tags indicating changes to CENELEC text carry the
number of the CENELEC amendment. For example, text altered by CENELEC
amandment A1 is indicated in the text by !".
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
PEL/14, Power transformers.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

This British Standard, having


been prepared under the
direction of the
Electrotechnical Sector Policy
and Strategy Committee, was
published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee on
12 April 2002
BSI 2006

ISBN 0 580 39502 2

Amendments issued since publication


Amd. No.

Date

Comments

14727

4 November 2003 See national foreword

16296

30 June 2006

16806

29 December 2006 See national foreword

See national foreword

EN 50216-5

EUROPEAN STANDARD

January 2002

NORME EUROPENNE

+A1
December 2002

EUROPISCHE NORM

+A2

+A3

May 2005

October 2006

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ICS 29.180

English version

Power transformer and reactor fittings


Part 5: Liquid level, pressure and flow indicators, pressure relief devices
and dehydrating breathers
Accessoires pour transformateurs de
puissance et bobines d'inductance
Partie 5: Indicateurs de niveau
de liquide isolant, manomtres et
indicateurs de circulation de liquide
isolant, limiteurs de pression et
asscheurs d'air

Zubehr fr Transformatoren und


Drosselspulen
Teil 5: Flssigkeitsstandanzeiger,
Druckanzeigeeinrichtungen und
Durchflussmesser,
Druckentlastungsventile und
Luftentfeuchter

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2001-09-25. CENELEC members are bound
to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
2002 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50216-5:2002

EN 50216-5:2002

Foreword
This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 14, Power
transformers.
The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 50216--5 on 2001--09-2-25.

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The following dates were fixed:


- latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement

(dop)

2002--10--01

- latest date by which the national standards conflicting


with the EN have to be withdrawn

(dow)

2004--10--01

EN EN 50216--5 is to be read in conjunction with EN EN 50216--1.


Foreword to amendment A1
This amendment was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 14, Power
transformers.
The text of the draft was submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by
CENELEC as amendment A1 to EN 50216-5:2002 on 2002-11-01.
The following dates were fixed:
- latest date by which the amendment has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement

(dop)

2003-11-01

- latest date by which the national standards conflicting


with the amendment have to be withdrawn

(dow)

2005-11-01

Foreword to amendment A2
This amendment to the European Standard EN 50216-5:2002 was prepared by the Technical
Committee CENELEC TC 14, Power transformers.
The text of the draft was submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by
CENELEC as amendment A2 to EN 50216-5:2002 on 2004-12-01.
EN 50216-5:2002 as well as this amendment are to be read in conjunction with
EN 50216-1:2002.
The following dates were fixed:

- latest date by which the amendment has to be implemented


at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement

(dop)

2005-12-01

- latest date by which the national standards conflicting


with the amendment have to be withdrawn

(dow)

2007-12-01

EN 50216-5:2002

Foreword to amendment A3
This amendment to the European Standard EN 50216-5:2002 was prepared by the Technical
Committee CENELEC TC 14, Power transformers.
The text of the draft was submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by
CENELEC as amendment A3 to EN 50216-5:2002 on 2006-09-01.

Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

This amendment supersedes EN 50216-5:2002/A1:2002.


The following dates were fixed:

latest date by which the amendment has to be implemented


at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement
latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the amendment have to be withdrawn
__________

(dop)

2007-09-01

(dow)

2009-09-01

EN 50216-5:2002

Contents

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Page
1

Scope................................................................................................................................5

Normative references ......................................................................................................5

Direct reading dial type liquid level indicators ..............................................................5

3.1

General ................................................................................................................... 5

3.2

Electrical characteristics of switch ............................................................................6

3.3

Tests ........................................................................................................................6

Liquid pressure gauges - Differential pressure gauges ...............................................7


4.1

General ................................................................................................................... 7

4.2

Electrical characteristics of switch ............................................................................7

4.3

Tests ........................................................................................................................8

Liquid flow indicators......................................................................................................8


5.1

General ....................................................................................................................8

5.2

Electrical characteristics of switch ............................................................................9

5.3

Tests ......................................................................................................................10

Pressure relief devices...................................................................................................... 10


6.1

General ...................................................................................................................... 10

6.2

Operating limits .......................................................................................................... 10

6.3

Dimensions ................................................................................................................ 10

6.4

Operating performance .............................................................................................. 13

6.5

Manufacturing features .............................................................................................. 13

6.6

Tests .......................................................................................................................... 14

Dehydrating breathers....................................................................................................... 14
7.1

General ...................................................................................................................... 14

7.2

Selection criteria ........................................................................................................ 15

7.3

Fixing arrangement and overall dimensions .............................................................. 15

7.4

Breather components................................................................................................. 16

7.5

Requirements............................................................................................................. 17

7.6

Mounting arrangement ............................................................................................... 17

7.7

Tests .......................................................................................................................... 17

EN 50216-5:2002

Scope

#EN 50216-5 specifies the liquid level, pressure and flow indicators, pressure relief devices
and dehydrating breathers for power transformer and reactor fittings.
Except where otherwise specified or implied herein the above fittings shall comply with the
requirements of EN 50216-1.$

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Normative references

Addition to EN 50216-1:
EN 60947-5-1
+ A12

1997
1999

Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 5-1: Control circuits


devices and switching elements - Electromechanical control circuit
devices (IEC 60947-5-1:1997)

Direct reading dial type liquid level indicators

3.1

General

Where the conservator for transformer tanks or other separated expansion chambers are
required to be provided with a liquid level indicator of the direct reading dial type, it shall comply
with the following:
- In case of electric alarm contacts, a terminal box shall be provided with one earth terminal.
2

- The terminals shall allow for connection of cables having a cross section area of 1,5 mm to
4 mm.
- The thread for the cable glands should be either Pg 16 or M20 x 1,5 to be agreed between
supplier and purchaser.
- The liquid level indicator shall be fitted with a solid float operating on the displacement
principle (hollow floats are not permitted). There shall be no direct mechanical contact
between the float mechanism and the dial indicator.
- The liquid level indicator shall withstand seismic and operational vibrations and
environmental conditions in accordance with EN 50216-1.
- Unless otherwise agreed, the liquid level at 20 C and the minimum and the maximum level
shall be indelibly and clearly marked.
- The movement of the pointer form the minimum to the maximum level shall be clockwise
when facing the dial.
- The mounting arrangement of the indicator shall be such that it can be dismantled and
removed from the outside of the conservator. It shall be possible to remove the dial, maintain
or replace switches, without emptying the conservator.
- The marking of the dial plate shall be indelible.
3.2

Electrical characteristics of switch

This device is based on EN 60947-5-1.

EN 50216-5:2002

3.2.1 General
The purchaser shall specify whether the switch shall have normally open, normally closed or
change over contacts. Unless otherwise specified, the supplier shall provide switches with
change over contacts.

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The switch shall be able to operate at between maximum 5 % and minimum 95 % of the pointer
deflection range.
3.2.2

Currents

The rated current shall be 2 A r.m.s. and the short time current 10 A r.m.s. for 30 ms.
Other values may be agreed between purchaser and supplier.
3.2.3

Breaking and making capacity


% Table 1 Breaking and making capacity (NO and NC contacts)

Voltage

Uninterrupted current
(making capacity)

Interrupted current
(breaking capacity)

24 V d.c. to 220 V d.c.

2A

100 mA

L/R < 40 ms

230 V a.c.

2A

2A

cos > 0,5

Other values may be agreed between purchaser and supplier.


The minimum contact life shall be 1 000 operations.
Only in case that the device has to operate in a system at 24 V d.c. and making capacity up to
0,5 VA, the switches shall be able to make a low current down to 10 mA even after one year of
non-operation. &
3.3
3.3.1

Tests
Routine tests

3.3.1.1 Leakage test


The devices shall be subjected to an oil leakage test using one of the three following methods,
at the choice of the supplier:
5

- application of a gas pressure of 2,5 10 Pa for 2 min at ambient temperature;


- application of a pressure of 1 105 Pa for 30 min to the relay filled with oil at a liquid
temperature of 90 C;
- application of a pressure of 1,4 105 Pa for 6 h to the relay filled with oil at ambient
temperature.
The relay shall not leak.
3.3.1.2 Applied voltage test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with Table 1 of EN 50216-1.

EN 50216-5:2002

3.3.1.3 Functional test


A functional test shall be carried out to prove the mechanical and electrical operation of the
indicator and associated switches.
3.3.2 Type test

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The devices shall be subjected to a vacuum test of an absolute pressure of 2,5 kPa for 24 h.
This test shall be followed by the test as detailed in 3.3.1.1 above.

Liquid pressure gauges - Differential pressure gauges

4.1

General

Liquid pressure and differential pressure gauges shall be of the dial type. Liquid pressure
gauges shall incorporate a screwed connection threaded G3/8 and differential pressure gauges
shall incorporate two pipework unions threaded G3/8, for connection to the liquid and water
circuits as appropriate. Diameters G3/4 and G1/2 may be also be used if required.
5
Liquid pressure gauges shall be scaled (0 - 2,5) 10 Pa. For some water pressures,
5
2,5 10 Pa may be increased accordingly.
5

Differential pressure gauges shall be scaled (2 - 0 - 2) 10 Pa. The nominal setting for the
electrical switches shall be when the liquid pressure in the cooler outlet does not exceed the
water inlet pressure by at least 20 000 Pa. Any deviation from these parameters shall be
subject to agreement between purchaser and supplier.
The marking of the dial plate shall be indelible. The makers name or trade mark, grades and
type shall be given.
In the case of liquid pressure gauges, the error in pressure indication, for either increasing or
decreasing pressure, shall not exceed 1 % of the maximum scale value at any point between
10 % to 90 % for the maximum scale value.
Other values can be acceptable by agreement between purchaser and supplier.
Unless otherwise specified, all gauges shall be mounted and calibrated in the upright (vertically
mounted) position.
4.2 Electrical characteristics of switch
This device is based on EN 60947-5-1.
4.2.1 General
The purchaser shall specify whether the switch shall have normally open, normally closed or
change over contacts. Unless otherwise specified, the supplier shall provide switches with
change over contacts.
The switches shall be able to operate at between maximum 5 % and minimum 95 % of the
pointer deflection range.
4.2.2 Rated current
The rated current shall be 2 A r.m.s. and the short time current 10 A r.m.s. for 30 ms.
Other values may be agreed between purchaser and supplier.

EN 50216-5:2002

4.2.3 Breaking and making capacity

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% Table 2 Breaking and making capacity (NO and NC contacts)

Voltage

Uninterrupted current
(making capacity)

Interrupted current
(breaking capacity)

24 V d.c. to 220 V d.c.

2A

100 mA

L/R < 40 ms

230 V a.c.

2A

2A

cos > 0,5

Other values may be agreed between purchaser and supplier.


The minimum contact life shall be 1 000 operations.
Only in case that the device has to operate in a system at 24 V d.c. and making capacity up to
0,5 VA, the switches shall be able to make a low current down to 10 mA even after one year of
non-operation. &
4.3
4.3.1

Tests
Routine tests

4.3.1.1 Pressure test


The gauges, ready for operation, filled with liquid, shall be subjected to an over pressure
1,1 times higher than the maximum scaled level for 6 h at ambient temperature.
4.3.1.2 Applied voltage test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with Table 1 of EN 50216-1.
4.3.1.3 Functional test
A functional test shall be carried out to prove the mechanical and electrical operation of the
indicator and associated switches.
4.3.2 Type test
The devices shall be subjected to a vacuum test of an absolute pressure of 2,5 kPa for 24 h.
This test shall be followed by the test as detailed in 4.3.1.1 above.

Liquid flow indicators

5.1

General

A terminal box shall be provided with one earth terminal.


The terminals shall allow for connection of cables having a cross section area of 1,5 mm to
4 mm.
The thread for the cable glands should be either Pg 16 or M20 x 1,5 to be agreed between
supplier and purchaser.
The design of the indicators and the components contained therein and the mounting and
pipework connecting arrangements shall be such that they will not sustain damage during
service or maloperate due to vibration under service conditions according to 3.1 of EN 50216-1.
There shall be no direct contact between the liquid in the body of the equipment and the dial
indicator scales of the oil flow indicators.

EN 50216-5:2002

The indicator shall incorporate one set of electrical contacts which operate when there is no
flow of liquid. Other set of contacts shall be provided if required.
If required, the liquid flow indicator housing shall include, at its lowest point, a liquid draining
plug having a flanged external head.

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A minimum of two positions (no flow/maximum flow) for liquid flow indication shall be provided.
The marking of the dial plate shall be indelible. The makers name or trade mark of the indicator
shall be given.
The supplier shall give the direction of liquid flow depending on the mounting position.
A reverse flow of liquid shall give no flow indication.
The supplier shall indicate the minimum liquid flow for a trouble free of contacts.
5.2

Electrical characteristics of switch

This device is based on EN 60947-5-1.


5.2.1 General
The purchaser shall specify whether the switch shall have normally open, normally closed or
change over contacts. Unless otherwise specified, the supplier shall provide switches with
change over contacts.
The switch shall be able to operate at between maximum 5 % and minimum 95 % of the pointer
deflection range.
5.2.2 Rated current
The rated current shall be 2 A r.m.s. and the short time current 10 A r.m.s. for 30 ms.
Other values may be agreed between purchaser and supplier.
5.2.3 Breaking and making capacity
!Table 3 - Breaking capacity

Voltage

Current

Breaking capacity

24 V d.c. to 220 V d.c.

2A

250 W

L/R < 40 ms

230 V a.c.

2A

400 VA

Cos > 0,5


"

Other values may be agreed between purchaser and supplier.


The minimum contact life shall be 100 000 operations.
The switch shall be able to make on a current down to 10 mA for any value of voltage defined in
Table 3 even after one year of non-operation.

EN 50216-5:2002
5.3

10

Tests

5.3.1

Routine tests

5.3.1.1 Leakage test

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The devices shall be subjected to an oil leakage test using one of the three following methods,
at the choice of the supplier:
5
application of a gas pressure of 2,5 10 Pa for 2 min at ambient temperature;
5
application of a pressure of 1 10 Pa for 30 min to the relay filled with oil at a liquid
temperature of 90 C;

application of a pressure of 1,4 105 Pa for 6 h to the relay filled with oil at ambient
temperature.
The relay shall not leak.
5.3.1.2 Applied voltage test
The test shall be carried out in accordance with Table 1 of EN 50216-1.
5.3.1.3 Functional test
A functional test shall be carried out to prove the mechanical and electrical operation of the
indicator and associated switches.
5.3.2 Type test
The devices shall be subjected to a vacuum test of an absolute pressure of 2,5 kPa for 24 h.
This test shall be followed by the test as detailed in 5.3.1.1 above.

#6 Pressure relief devices


6.1

General

Pressure relief device, for use in liquid immersed transformer and reactor tanks, in order to
release the excess of internal pressure due to fault, so co-operating to the integrity of the tank.
6.2

Operating limits

The device shall be capable to be installed on the tank cover and walls, in each position or any
inclination, without alteration of its operating performance.
It is possible to mount more than one device on each transformer.
6.3

Dimensions

6.3.1

Flanged connection design

The fixing flange sizes are based on ND, which is the diameter of the opening hole in the
tank.$

EN 50216-5:2002

11

#Tables 4, 5 and 6 are based on the Figures 1, 2 and 3 respectively.


Table 4 Fixing interface dimensions according to Figure 1

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Holes

Dimensions flange

Size
D1 (max)
mm

D2
mm

D3
mm

A
mm

Number

A ND 50 mm

170

125

18

14

B ND 80 mm

200

160

18

16

C ND 125 mm

280

210

18

16

D ND 150 mm

285

240

18

16

E ND 200 mm

350

295

22

18

F ND 150 mm

290

235

16

13

G ND 125 mm

280

235

16

13

NOTE

The flange can also be square.

Figure 1 Flange interface

Figure 2 Maximum overall dimensions$

EN 50216-5:2002

12

#Table 5 Overall dimensions according to Figure 2

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Size

Max dimensions without oil spray protection and accessories


mm
D7 (max)
mm

HE (max)
mm

HI (max)
mm

A ND 50 mm

200

150

80

B ND 80 mm

250

200

150

C ND 125 mm

300

300

180

D ND 150 mm

360

300

180

E ND 200 mm

400

400

250

F ND 150 mm

300

300

180

G ND 125 mm

300

300

180

6.3.2

Threaded connection design


Table 6 Fixing interface and overall dimensions according to Figure 3
Max overall dimensions
Size

Threaded
connection

D1
mm

HE
mm

HI
mm

D2
mm
ISO 228

60

40

40

80

40

40

Figure 3 Mounting interface and general overall dimensions$

EN 50216-5:2002

13

# 6.4

Operating performance

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Nominal operating pressure: the pre-fixed overpressure value shall be agreed between
supplier and purchaser within the standard range from 20 kPa up to 90 kPa, with 10 kPa steps,
with a tolerance of 5 kPa to + 7 kPa.
Nominal operating pressure above the standard range (> 90 kPa) shall be agreed between
supplier and purchaser.
The device shall be capable to reclose when the overpressure is terminated.
The maximum pressure without any oil leakage is equal to the nominal operating pressure
less 10 kPa.
6.5

Manufacturing features

6.5.1

Devices according to Figure 1 and Figure 2

Flanged design, typically used on power transformers and reactors.


6.5.1.1 Description
The device is composed of a flanged body and a spring loaded shutter; design can be spring
out of tank or spring inside tank.
It can be fit, upon request, with

oil spray protection,

visual indicator of operation with manual reset,

one or more electric contacts.

The characteristics of the electric contacts shall be according to Table 7.


% Table 7 Breaking and making capacity (NO and NC contacts)

Voltage

Uninterrupted current
(making capacity)

Interrupted current
(breaking capacity)

24 V d.c. to 220 V d.c.

2A

100 mA

L/R < 40 ms

230 V a.c.

2A

2A

cos > 0,5

Other values may be agreed between purchaser and supplier.


The minimum contact life shall be 1 000 operations.
Only in case that the device has to operate in a system at 24 V d.c. and making capacity up to
0,5 VA, the switches shall be able to make a low current down to 10 mA even after one year of
non-operation. &
6.5.1.2

Vent screw

The device shall be fitted with a vent screw for bleeding air or gas bubbles which may alter the
correct functioning.$

EN 50216-5:2002

14

#6.5.1.3 Nameplate

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The nameplate shall contain the following information:

manufacturer name;

type/size;

operating pressure value;

serial number.

6.5.1.4 Other manufacturing requirements


All the screws exposed to the atmosphere shall be of stainless steel.
All the surfaces exposed to the atmosphere shall withstand either because of their own
properties or because of an adequate treatment to the environmental conditions according to
EN 50216-1.
6.5.2

Devices according to Figure 3

Threaded design, spring inside tank, typically used on distribution transformers.


6.5.2.1 Description
The device is composed of a threaded body and a spring loaded shutter (internal spring
design).
It can be fitted, upon request, with

a protective cap,

a vent screw for bleeding air or gas bubbles which may alter the correct functioning. $

% 6.6 Tests

6.6.1

Type test

Verify the correct operating pressure value of the device with oil overpressure.
(The testing procedure, the equipments, the acceptance limits of the type test are under
consideration.)
6.6.2

Routine tests

It is necessary to carry on operational tests, with compressed air, in accordance with 6.4,
Operating performance

to check the correct functioning of the device at the operating pressure value,

to check the functioning of the optic signal and of the electric contacts (only for devices
under Figure 1 and Figure 2),

additionally a leakage test may be agreed between purchaser and supplier to check the leak
tightness of the device. &

EN 50216-5:2002

15

#7

Dehydrating breathers

7.1

General

Dehydrating breather: facility to absorb the humidity of the air, breathed inside liquid immersed
transformers and reactors, due to the thermal contraction of the liquid. $
%This subclause defines the general overall dimensions and pipe connections to guarantee the

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interchangeability of conventional breathers having the same air dehydrating characteristics.


This subclause does not include self-regenerating breathers.&
#7.2

Selection criteria

The choice of a breather depends on the size of the transformer, on the climate condition of the
site where the transformer will be installed and on the operating conditions.
Table 8 is a guideline based on the quantity of oil of the transformer and on the average climatic
condition of central Europe.
The choice of the sealing guard of the breather against the external atmosphere is subject to
agreement between purchaser and supplier, as there is full equivalence of the performance of a
breather fit with hydraulic guard (see 7.5.2) or mechanical guard (see 7.5.3).
7.3

Fixing arrangement and overall dimensions $

Figure 4 - 3H Flange

Figure 5 - 4H Flange

Figure 6 - Threaded

|______________________|_____________________|

.
Figure 7 Overall dimensions &
# Figures 4 to 7 Fixing arrangement and overall dimensions$

EN 50216-5:2002

16

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NOTE 1 Flange of Figure 8 can be used as alternative to Figures 4 and 5 only for small breathers of size class A, up
to 1 kg of silicagel filling capacity.
NOTE 2 Flanges of Figures 4, 5 and 8 may be made with slots or with holes.

Figure 8 Small 2H Flange&


#Table 8 Typical size classes of breathers
Overall
Size Silicagel
Oil
a
dimensions
class quantity quantity

Threaded
connection

Flange dimensions

Figure 4
(3 holes)
Dmax

Hmax

d1max

d2

d3

Figure 5
(4 holes)
d4

mm mm mm

d1max
mm

d2

d3

Max. air
flow rate

Figure 6
d4

mm mm mm

d1

Inlet/outlet

ISO 228

l/min

kg

kg

mm

mm

mm

1 to 2

O 8 000

250

500

35

150

120

14

35

100

75

12

G1B

15

2 to 5

8 000 < O
20 000

250

800

35

150

120

14

46

130

100

14

G 1 1/2 B

15

5 to 15

20 000 < O
60 000

250

1 400

35

150

120

14

60

140

110

14

G2B

30

> 15

O > 60 000

350

1 700

35

60

140

110

14

G 2 B

30

% a The oil quantities assigned to size classes are oriented on normal European ambient conditions as given in EN 50216-1,
Table 1. For shorter maintenance cycles it is possible to use half of the suggested silicagel quantity for the same oil quantity.
The values are intended to give guidance to the user. The proper choice must take into consideration the real environmental
conditions, the thermal cycles due to the service conditions of the transformer and the maintenance cycles.&
Captions:
- Size class: each class includes all the breathers with silicagel quantity within the range stated in the column.
- Silicagel: it is the quantity of dehydrating agent inside the breather.
- Oil: it is the quantity of oil inside the transformer.

7.4

Breather components

The breather is usually composed of the following:

the container of the dehydrating agent, typically cylindrical, even if other shapes can be
used.
The container shall permit a visual check of the presence of the dehydrating agent inside
and eventually its grade of saturation.
The container may be of glass or plastic material; it may be provided with an external
metallic frame with the function of mechanical protection, typically against hits, and of shield
protection against direct sun radiation.
The top part, hereafter denominated Cap, fitted with a flanged or tapped connection,
which enables the fixation of the breather to the air-inlet tube to the conservator; the cap
must allow an easy detachment of the container for the normal service operations, without
disconnecting the cover from the pipe; $

17

EN 50216-5:2002

# the bottom part, hereafter denominated Bottom Cup, which may be fitted (when required
from the purchaser), with a hydraulic or mechanical device which allows the air to pass in
both directions (inlet and outlet) only if there is a pressure differential between inside and
outside the conservator. In the case of air suction the air must get inside the breather
passing only through the hydraulic or mechanical device;

Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI

the screws exposed to the atmosphere which shall be of stainless steel.

7.5

Requirements

7.5.1

General

All the surfaces exposed to the atmosphere shall withstand the environmental conditions
according to EN 50216-1, either because of the properties of the material or because of an
adequate treatment.
7.5.2

Hydraulic guard

The following requirements apply only in the case of the hydraulic sealing guard:

it is better to use the same liquid inside the transformer;

the level of the liquid inside the device shall be visible for inspection;

the liquid container shall have a filling mark to indicate the correct level.

The design of the device shall be such to keep the liquid inside its container avoiding the liquid
to be inspired inside the dehydrating agent housing in case of strong air suction (sudden
cooling) or sprayed out in case of strong air expiration (sudden heating). The value of the air
flow rate to be used for the design of the hydraulic guard is shown in Table 8.
7.5.3

Mechanical guard

There is an automatic double-acting valve.


The air is free to pass in both directions (inlet and outlet) through that valve, which enables the
air flow when the transformer is on.
The valve protects the dehydrating agent when the transformer is off. No liquid is necessary.
7.5.4

Dehydrating agent

The dehydrating agent, typically spheroids of Silicagel, shall have a granulometry between
2 mm up to 7 mm and shall be not much dusty.
It is preferable to use a dehydrating agent with a visual indication of its grade of saturation.
7.6

Mounting arrangement

The breather is normally mounted in vertical position in a location, easy to be approached for
maintenance operation and for the replacement of the dehydrating agent.
7.7

Tests

7.7.1

Type test

Verify the correct functionality of the breather with flow rate as indicated in Table 8.
7.7.2

Routine test

Visual inspection.$

BS EN
50216-5:2002

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