ADRB Introduction to Main Characters in the ‘Text ‘TAR Ding Lbo BAA Me Dowel 4k Lin No ‘A Canadian stent, ‘An American dest, | Bei student, feed 1, male ceed 22, wal, seed 19. female. Gabo is his father Ding Yun i toe ether. Ag~ Weal Le al aaa eee ae Peat tee eee Lae resi o Xe RN 8 ie RAEI Chén lSoshi #442 Zhdng jidoshdu 426 9% Yang \doshi foes pelea yy i Dry ee paral ea Thi on tei by icing sae sun wigs) we te Chie gor mes Bs Che papa eigen chara npriirbiongher pope hpoal palpate ‘oped since their basically pictographic origins in ancient ] Chin ye ent a he leer yo wl know even Chi | te anton td be die w afew me monly eae to Ch fa Ni héo aE2b Gay Noe Wore Lal ROR you 2. nado A AF good well; fine; OK. 3. La Yoping PN Bee} (oame of « Chinese repute) 4. ube pn AGE (eam of « Canadian student) Libo: Lin Na, ni héo mo? @ Ak: RM, a OB? Lin Na, Wa hén hdo, nine? © AR, RG, HK EP Libo; Yé hen nao.® Aik: wR He Fy Gteropative particle tor question expecting yeen0 answer) 2 Wo mR & hme a.nin Ady AR very 4 ne Marc 7 (@ modal particle used for elliptical questions) 5.8 Adv Lo, seo Lin NO PN 4KSF (name of «British student) @ NI hic, “Hiello!", “How do you do?” This 18 the most common form of greeting in Chinese. It can be used at any time of day when meeting people forthe first time or for people yew slendy know. ‘The response to this greeting form is also “fs89"(°NT ho”). @ Ni hdo mar “How are your” This is alo a farm of greeting. ofien ssid after yom have not seen someone for some ime, and the response is usually “RABSF" (WE hn ho") or ater similar formule. @ Ni ne? And (how ae) you?” @ Ye hen hoo. “1 am) fine (erally, very goed), to.” This is an ellipical sentence, with the subject “#2"(WO) omited. In spoken Chinese, ‘when the context is explicit and there is no ambiguity, the subject is often omitted. One may also say “AR##"(*HEN OO") to answer the question “PSE? "(*NF ho ma? ”) Sj [ee era) FE Initials: bp oman toh $4 Fins @ 0 e | ua go en ie in ing uo 1) Students are requied to mester the characters ef the purple new words in this lesson1. BF Spelling ba bo br ba bin bing pa po pl pu pin ping ma mo mi mo ne ndo nié le eo lie tuo ho hoo hus 2. DUP The four tones a a a a vo oon hao héo héo hao nit hao i Wi i a bd bé bd. bd Lib6 mtn in tin nnn Lin Na Ww yo yu yo ping ping Lu Yuping wo WS wo hen hen hen wo hen hao yé ye yé ye yé hén héo: 3. BHF Sound discrimination bo — pa nd — nts wi — hi a) (mal) Cvs) a) bing —— bin pie bié hud — wo ice) Aeh-falling strokes) (ive) o 4, BHM Tone discrimination mi — ma ma — mis yi yi (bare) (oa) (00) (oe) ye — ye .—o men — men (also) wight) (ctrength) Cin) (eee) -6- =)#380i Third-tone sandhi ni ho hen ho yé hGo v8 hén hdo 6. BERET AURAL Read the following classroom expressions aloud Ni hao, Nimen hao, KEY SENTENCES 1. NI hi, 2. Ni héo ma? 3. WO hén hi, nine? 4, Ye hen hao. {—) [41388 Saying hello) 1. 3éikt FZ Complete the following dialogue Un Naz Lbo, nf her bo; 2. FEDS Make a dialogue based on the picture ay a, Seer ee b f al BY OM ind sy by fp ee ee B.[i Crectings] 1. 3e8CFSZziE Complete the following dislogue M@ Li: Ni hao ma? Lo Yi: Hi 2 Ma Li: Wo yé hen hoo. 2. HIF Situational dialogue You run into a Chinese friend whom you haven't seen for a long time. What will you say to him/her =) OF Listen and repeat AH? PURSE ARIE? PRLAIT aren -i=1 i 1, AEAIPY4 Initials and finals A eyllale in the common speach of modern Chine weally conccl of an initia, which is « consonant that begins the syllable, and a final, which constitutes the rest of the syllable For example, in the syllable “ping”, “p* is the inital and “Ing” is the final. A syllable can stand witht an intial, anch ae “Y8", but all sllales must have @ final, In the com- mon speech of modem Chinese, there are allogether 21 initials and 38 finals 2. RHFNA Pronunciation key Initials: m, n, l, fare pronounced sinilarly to their counterparts in the English language. b like “p” in “speak” (unaspirated, voiceless) Pike “pin “park” (aerated, vaiceles) Note: Particular attention should be paid to the pronunciation of the aspirated ‘and unaspirated consonants; D-P. Finals @ like “2” in “hes” ie Tike “ye" in “yes” rg (final) a nasaised soured ike the “ng in “bang” whbout pronouncing he “™ Note: The pronunciation of the “o” in & compound final is diferent from that of the simple final “e” D) Be /A(bG)—#R(b4)—FE(bS) (ba) In common speech there are four basic tones, represented respectively by the following, cone marks: 7 for the frst tone, + 4 foe the cocoa tone, ~ for the third tone, and * for the fourth tone. When a syllable contains only a single vowel, the tone mark is placed directly above Se vowel leer as in “IO” and “h&n” The dot over the vowel i" should be dropped it %e tone mark is placed above it, as in “nl, “nin” and “ping”. When the final of the ble Is composed of two or more vowels, the tone mark should be placed sbove the awel pronounced with the mouth widest open (ez. ho). ‘The cpermess of the mouth for the vowels, from widest to smallest is as follows: AQoeius + S)#2618 Third-tone sandhi A thicd tone, when immediately fllowed by another third tone, should he pronounced = the second tone, but with the tone mak °°” remaining unchanged. Far example: nt hao > nf nao Wo hén hdio. > WO hén hao. én ho > én héio YS hn dio. —» Yé hén héo. ‘SFEMIY Spelling rules At the beginnings of « syllable, “i* ts writen es "Y" (eg. 18 — yO). “I” is writen + °¥i" when it forms 2 syllable all by itself (e.g. T—> y) AMt the beginning of « syllable, “u” is writen as “W" (eg. US —* WO). “U" is written + WU" when st forms « syllable all by itself (e.g. > wi. When “0” is at the beginning of syllahle or forms « syllable by iteelf, @ “y" i added it and the two dots over it are omitted (eg. & — yi -9-‘BUAAYTE FF Word order in Chinese sentences ‘The main characteristic of Chinese grammar is that it lacks of morphological changes in person, tence, gender, number, ond case in the atrct cense. The word order, however, is very itportan w convey different grammatical meanings. The subject of u sentence is usually placed before the predicate. For example Subject Predicate [ #* | tf, Ni hao. R | fh He WO hén ho. UL) Hi b Rie Libo yé hn hdo. C.F eee Chinese characters originated from pictures. The history of their formation is very long, dating hack to remote antiquity. Peetentalay Chinese characters, which evolved frm aciant Chinese characters, are square-shaped, Here are some examples illustrating their lang evolu £. (LREAMB IMI Basic strokes of Chinese characters hinese characters are written by combining various kinds of “stukes". These strokes van be divided int “basic” strokes and “combined” strokes. [Example | Way to Write 17 |e dt is writen from top t» botomrit, as in [the first stoke of “27 - {ne horizontal stroke is wtton fram let to ight TEEITIL eae ak a top downward to | ES onan ae eOUA ANAL A fy Tie dona sks is write fun op to fenton, a6 in the second ke uf 9" |The downwardicht stroke is writen fom tay to [boon ain the second stoke of "A" Seale a | The upward. stoke is writen fom batiomleit to writer ike tad enter ae "| ed yi one 1 stoke On rr d C bo eight 2 strokes strength 2 strokes ror) ny pe imi dee 3 hee ye too; also. 3 strokes #(6) (4) 7He Hr fia ma horse 3 strokes we Note: “7 is writen as “5 * on the Ic side of « chorcter ok ke me & ni eae 3 strokes “a Nate: “A” is witten ap “3 " on the Ieft cide of a character ok “TRE ; sitae uel ok 4d al alc ie [Note: “AA” is written as “4 " on the left side of a character. cw & EK i) gfe 5 me Xam SG Note: “K" is writen es “o=" at the bottom of « character. 3. USUAL Leam and write the Chinese characters appearing in the texts * lin ae ec Go Bazin ee The Chinese Language (Hanyu) and “Common Speech” (Putonghua) Scholars think Chinese writing originated almost four thousand years ago and that the spoken language goes back to remote antiquity, making it one of the work's oldest languages. In spite of its great age, Chinese is now one of the mest widely used living languages. The language is spoken in many dialects within China, as well as in many overseas Chinese com- ‘munities, especially in Southeast Asia, Europe, and the Americas, And there ate sinne Use ‘a billion native speakers of Chinese worldwide. It is one of the languages the United Nations uses when conducting official business. Chinese belongs to the SinaTiboten language family. Hany, literally “auguage ‘of the Han", refers to the standart Chinese language, and is spoken by the Han, Hui, Manchu, fand other ethnic groups that constitute 94% of the population of China, There are filly-six recognized ethnic groups in China. using as many as eighty different lenguoges. Chinese includes variants from seven main dialect groups. The northem or Mandarin di- lect covers tive fourths of China's territory and ieludes two thinds of its populetion. Stane dard Chinese is also known by its official designation, Putonghua. literally “common speech” Putonghua is based on the northern dialect,using the dialect of Beijing as the basis for its pronunciation and modcen vemacular literature for is grammatical stricture. This 1s the Chi nese that is taught in this textbook.Lin Nas a: LO Yopin, BF: Lin Na; th La Yepirg: mF: Lin Na: th: -4- CUR HAT Grete J) Lu Yoping, ni hao mar OF, Hh a G7 WO hén héo. Ni baba, mama héo ma? ® RR EE. HH OB? Tamen dou hén héo.® Ni méng ma? fei ae AR OF. ROE SP We bo méng. NI-nén péngyou ne? AOR te, Hh Bo MA BR? Ta hén méng. Ae aa Nov Wont mang A ca busy *2.ma ey (a panicle used for questions expecting, a yew anwer) 3. baba oN €€é ad 4.mama oN ech] mom s.tamen Pr #8] they them ta me They in men suf iT (used afer pronouns 38 fo certain ‘nouns to denote plural) 6. dou ‘Adv A both; all 7. bo AOR ots no anon oA OS ale 9. péngyouN BA friend #10. ne Map (a modal particle used for elliptical questions) aT ma Ding Libs: Gage, ni yoo kaféi mar ® SS Tait: Ap, te Se oe ay? Wo yao kate R&S wei, Wa ya yao katei © RYH wrt, Ho, women dou he katei. © 45, BAT AB oho. 1) Words marked by an asterisk have appeared in previous lesers n15-Ahi Voege NRF alder brther a a 3.kofgl NOME cafe Adit NH younger bother s.women Pe 4 wes us 6h VB ww drink 7.Ding PNT (a sumame) @ Ni boba, mama héo ma? “How aon your rm snd dod?" 1 bebo — your dad, ri mama — your mam, 1 nan pengyou — your boyfriend @ Tamen dou hén heo. “They are both fine (literally, very goed)” @® Ni yoo kafei ma? “Do you want cafe?” “HEM 2 "CNT ybo — mot ") is @ sentence yattens comely ted when hing hat thers want, whereas “HHE~-"(*WO yo ~-") is used to express what *T want @® WO yé yao kate “I want coffee, too.” ® women dou he kate. Yell dink cafe.” PSH Initials tog kf ‘8/85 Finals: ei ou an cng eng ido ioutiu) 1. DHF Spelling ue dou don Gang te teu ton tang ge ou gan gang ke kou kon kang -16- bai ban beng bid a) peng pina fe fan feng did hei hon heng ria 2. (UF The four tones ta ta ta mén — mén men wo. wo wo ni moon non ngn nan non Peng péng pong png you you yd yas bo bd bbw méng — mtng ge ge get ai di ad di hehe he ke ke fi WH 3. HFIP Sound discrimination do — ta ke — 96 (ie) (oy) dou — due g8n — geng (2) (rary) fad 4. SHA Tone discrimination d¢o — dao. ti — tu (bate) - ne —oi tic) — tia (Gude un) (= tomen women nimen nén péngyou bu méng gege didi he kati kou. — gu (wouth)——_ ) ing — tng (oail) (ten) you — you (etn) have) kan kan (Wo see) 0‘5. 47 Neutral tone baba mama gege didi nimen women tomen ho mor Ni ner Ni-nén penyyou ney 6. SKFFWREE Practice on disyllabic words yinliéo (drinks) yeye (grandpa) Ke (coke) maimei (younger sinter) hAnbao (hamburger) fAyIN (promnciation) pinggud (apple) eibGn (blackboard) 7. DIBCF AMALIE Read the following claseroom expressiuus aloud Ting wo fayin, (Listen to my pronunciation.) Kan héiban. (Look at the blackboard.) emer EY SENTENCES 1. Tamen dou hén ho. 2. NI mang ma 3. We bu méng. 4. NI ydo kafei ma? 5. WO yao kate 6. Wemen dou he ki (—) [ial 42 811 Greetings) FEF ALZIS Complete the following dialogues (1) A: Da Lin, ni méng ma? B: Ni nez A: (2) A; Ni baba mama héio mor R, - NI gége ner AL (3) A: Ni didi ho maz fF gAMAAAAALASRAARSLARIARI ne? A: (=) [JAH Asking what someone wants] 1. ZRF ALI Complete the following dialogues (1) A: Nin yéo kaféi maz B: WO yoo katéi A: Ni ne? G (2) A: NI yao mar B Ay NI ne? c: 2. APAZI Make a dialogue based on the picture (yA: ’ (2) As =) 738 Listen and repeat ME Eg BTS? AT AREA -B-Bal 1, 27% Neutral tone In the common speech of modern Chinese, a = Lidice tes there are a. mumber of syllables which are ‘ussiresed and are pronounced in a “weak” tone. This is known as the neural tone and is 3 mo %% ne 1 2 RBS Pronunciation key ed by the absence of a tone mark. For example: men Initials: Fis pronounced similarly to its counterpart in the Enelish language like “t” in “stay” (unaspirated) + like tag” (copiented) pirated “k” sound in “kangaroo” (aspirated) ‘unaspirated consonanis: d-t, gk Finals: @ like “ay” in “play” (light) (Ou like “o” in “so” lr attention should bo paid to the promunciation of the aapiated and (ON like “an” in “can” (without stressing the “n”) 3. Sf530M Spelling rules ‘The compound final “lou” is written as ‘one mask is placed on “u". For example: Ha rate =17% “iu" when it comes after an initial and the (six), 1. OAPAMA Semeucce with an adjectival predicate Adjectives in Chinese can function directly as predicates. This kind of sentence is called a semtence with an adjectival prodiewts Adjectivae in thio kind of sentence ea be modified by adverbs such as “#8”, “ti", and “AB”. The negative form of sentences with an cajecsival predicate 4s generated by placing the negative adverb “7%” before the adjective that functions as the predicate. For example: “#8754 Note: Adverbs such as “fi”, “th”, and “fB" must be placed before the adjective they modify. 2. FA“WG" SJE TAI4] “Yes-no” question with A dleclavative sentence can be changes! into a “yes-no” question by adding the question particle “Ki” at the end of it SEE aaa RE EE EET HEP ‘Hotes? EEC Ee eee ered pe EPP ER ee eee Ce JME. HEE JUNIE? To baba moma dou hao." Ta haha mama dou hbo mo? ft: ‘ett? To mang, a ASBEONE 5 Ni yo kote Nye katei mor 1. WSMANF Leam and write basic Chinese characters aT 1 r ding rail 2 strokes aA da 400 knife 2 strokes ‘Note: “71” is written as “4 on the wR TK you again 2 strokes Note: “2.7 was orginally & pitogreph of “the right hand” wOr “FK a big 3 strokes~) 2 ,re Kou mouth 3 strokes ot Pele tw eanh 3 stokes Note: 4" is writen 8 “3. * on the If side of a chamcter Te & o PR ote lid sie 4 strokes ae OR “7K ae BT) bu no, not 4 strokes ¢ fet 0) Fe 7 "TPR Pi Paadahict nun 5 stakes (10) KS can, may 5 strokes 2 ASVICHMIE Lea and waite the Chinese characters appearing in the texts (1) *% ma (8) Booey (C2 dees he meaning sping, “dence he promiion) @ ane Woea+ kh (“2 denotes the meaning of speaking, ” denotes the pronunciation) (3) 444 momo (454%) WBMrae se (C8 * dente the meaning of women, "3" deste the pronuncatin) (4) F# gage Foot T rend Chinese Characters and Simplified Script ‘he Chinese seript is the only logographic waiting system sill in daily use in the word today. Unlike the alphabetic systems used by mest Languages, Chinese script is mado up of characters, the majority of which are “pictophonetic”. Most consist of one component indical- Ing the sound of the chamscter, the phonetic, combined with one semantic component, the Signific or radical, which shows the category of meaning to which the character belones. Chinese charactors represent monosyllables, and generally each character represents single worpheme. The total unber of Chinese characters is estimated at over fiy thousand, cf which only five to cight thousand are frequently used, while three thousand are normally adequate for everyday situations, A considerable number of Chineeo characters arc composed of mumexaus stokes aatl are therefore complicated to write. With a view to facilitating writing, modern scholars have made continuous attempts to simplify the writing system, The object of these language reforms has been twofold: to reduce the number of characters by eliminating complex variants, and to 16 duce the mumber of strokes in certain characters. What are known as “simplified characters” refer to graphs that have boen thus altered; traitonel characters, on the other hand, are those that retain their earlier forms, ‘The use of simplified charactors is now official policy in the People’s Republic of China, while tuna characters are restricted mainly to academic use or aesthetic purposes. Sim: plified characters have the advantages of being easier to learn, memorize, read) and wri Here are two examples: 34 mother (simplified) 5 mother (traditional) 1) door (simplified) FY door (traditional) Simplified characters are used in this textbook, hut traditional charnetors ane aloo for the convenience of the reader.shout the people you meet? ‘hie enon will show you how | = poren's occupation apd nationals, ap well ¢ fiends family and others. In addition, we vill create compound words from base word (HBR Lesson 3) Ta shi_nd quo én dh ZB A Gege: —_Libo, na shi shéi7 Tati A) Toning SH: AUR RHR? Ding Libd, N@ shi women léosht T AR: BR KI ZI. Gége: Ta shi nd gud rén? © at: AM BA? Ding Libo; Ta shi Zhonggud rén. ® Women IGoshi dou shi Zhongguo rén. T AR: wR PR A, RM 2 AR PA AW ‘eatin Rone ervete's setcelyJ Ae jig Nor Wows 1a Pode shes her 2 shi yo to be 3nd on hich 4. gué N a ‘country, nation 5.160 NOA ope, peren 6na BO that 7. shéi ar GR ‘whos whom 8. Koshi NO aE teacher 9, dou Adv bth all 10, Zhonggué pNP China Ding Libé; — Chén léoshi, nin héo! Zhe shl wo gege,® ta shi wait To A: BO AW, RB RR BE, MR oS WGosti, BI. Chén oshi; NI héo. He A, Zhé shi w6 péngyou. BRR MA, Chén IGoshi; NI hdo! Ni yé shi ldoshi ma? ThA: HEL tk EH oy? Pengyou: Nin ho! W6 bi shi ldoshi, 6 shi MA GH ARR AM, RR RA Chén IGoshi: Libo, zhé shi ni ndinui may RO BYR: Wak ik RA spas og? BU shi, 14 shi wS wdips. © RR, WA RK She Waipé, nin héot SR, EF! Chén Iéoshi; ReAe ag] Sow Won 1 nin me yew (patite form) 2. 2he Pk this 93.10 ro shes her 4. woiy N SRB forsign language +5. nF ran you 6 ysheng NRE doctors physician 7. nina Ns ‘punhiuler on the fuller’ se 8 waips nN Shae grandmother on the mother’s side 9. Chén ry OR (# sumane) +2 @ Ta shi n& gué rén? “What's her nationality? ” ‘There are two Chinese characters forthe thind person singular “10 for a mules the olber “I”, refers wou female, one is “fL", used @ Ta shi Zhonggu6 rén. “She is a Chinese.” To indicate tho nationality of on individual, the charter “A7(rén) ie usually placed after the name of his/her country of origin, For example: “Bi (Znonggud)-—F Bil A (Zhongguo rén) ® Chén loshi. nin hao! Tn Chine, a perens positen or occupation, such as the director of & factory, manager, section head, enginoer, movie director, or tescher, is frequently used a ttle to adese im in preeronce to sich expessone ae Me or Mis, Samamon alunye proved the i les It i consider implte for stent to addres a techer directly by his/her personal name, ‘Surname + teacher” is the most proper form of adress frequently used fora teach gs “Chén ooh 8)" rin)" ie the polite form of “f", commonly used to refer to an elderly or senior enon during « comersation or to « person of the same generation when speaking on a for mal occasion, Feope tn Being ane que fend of using ts fom of adress @ Zhe shi wo gége. “This is my elder bree” When ntedec someuue WW a person, we often use the sentence pattems “}JB 0" (°2he shi--”). “H8"(Shi) is pronounced as a weak splale © Lo, zhe shi ni ndinai mar — Ba shi, ta shi w5 waips. ‘The Chineee language wees esany wands for refering 10 individuals in a family so that their specific relationship to other members of the family is made clear. Different worde are used depending on whether a relative is on the mother’s or wife's side or on the father’s or Imushanl"s side. Some examples are “yeye” and “ninoi" used by a child to address the Parents of his/her father. differentiied from “weigéng” and “waip6” fused uy address is her mother’s parents PisEas munciation Drill FA Initials 2h ch sh + *97 Finals: ify] al ual_ ong 1. SHY Spelling zho cha ‘sha 2hi chr shi " Zhe cha she réng zhoi choi shai. rang zhou chou shou zhu chud shut 2huai chuai, ‘shudi zhong chong cha cha ch cha ru rt ro zh zhé zh ze shi shi shi chi zhé shilao 60 Ko chen chén—chén—chén wail woi Wa ya yo yu yo yi vi yi yl sheng sheng sheng sheng zhong zhong zhdng ad ow wt ren rn 3. 38% Sound discrimination zhong — chong sheng —— shang (ide) (be burn) br —— pr dang tong (aga) (06 undertant) 4. 9H Tone discrimination shi — shi yh — he (len) (areow) (persons thing) this) pai — pai chéng — cheng (city) 5. Half third tone Weoehi gina women WO gece — W0 péngyou —_ WO ndinai nt woipo nf baba nd Qué rén héo ma nf mang hen méng nit yao WO yao yé yoo 6. WAS Combination of tones katei —_Zhonggud heiban (0) “here represents the neta tone a8 Kosh Chén Idosht woiyts yisheng, Zhonggus Zhonggué rén fore (con) (hat) rou —— rd (ret) rén — ren (person) zhudi — zhudi nimen Kee shengdiao amen (ene) yishéng he ché shénti chifan zhidao (0 dink tea) (bod) (Wo ea a el) (o brow) tushu changchong — nina péngyou (boats) (ston) (esi) (Guest) ehenggong _yinhang pingguo chido yee. (encoone) hank oley (te) 7. SRW Practice on disyllabic words gongren (worker) shéngren (merchant) HUshi (lawyer) ganbu (cadre) chéingzhéing (factory manager) NONgMIN (peasant) ‘Yingguo (England, UK) Dégud (Cermany) Méiqué (America) F&gu6 (France) Egué (Russia) Rilbén (Japan) 8. BRET URAC Read the following classroom expressions aloud DB kai sho (Open the book.) Gen wo nian. (Read after me.) Nimen iin. (ead out.) Ding bu déng? (De yeu undontand? ) Dong le. (es, we understand.) Bu dong. (io, we don understand) Pea OL at KEY SENTENCES Na shi shei7 . N& shi wmen IGoshi. Ta shi nd quo rén? Ta chi Zhonagué én. Zhé shi we péngyou. NI yé shi lboshi ma? WO ba shi IGosht, wo shi yisheng,(—) BARRA Identifying people] AINZIR Make a dialogue based on the picture (1) Az N& shi shéig B, Na shi (2) A; Ta shi shei2 B; To shi (=) [9B Asking someone’s nationality) 1. 588UF FIZIK Complete the following dialogues (1) Az Nin shi nd gué rén2 : 10 ne? (2) As Nini shi Yngguo ren maz B; Bu shi, A: . Nin shi n& gud rénz 2. FINE Make a dialogue based on the picture A; Ta shi nd guo renz =) [4 Introducing people] 1. SEM FAI Complete the following dialogues (1) Az 2he shi Lin yishéng. Zhe shi Chén Koshi. B: C; Nin ho, Lin yishéng. (2) Az Zhe shi Zhe shi cr 2. {HIR4iF Situational dialogue Introduce your teacher and classmates. MA) FRB Listen and repeat AAA] PARAM WEPMA, RARMA,WERER BR BA. ouCay Phonetic ‘A third tone, when followed by a syllables, usually Levoues & hulf third tone, that 18, a tone that only fas but does net vise The tone mask is unchanged. For example ni gége we yo ni méng maz second or fourth tone, of most neutral tone 2. “JR” AIA Tone sandhi of 's a fourth tone syllable by itself But st becomes # second tone when followed by & fourth tone. For example bu he bu mang bu hdo bo sti ba yoo 3. RSE Pronunciation key Initials: 2 uke “J in “jerk”, bot with the tip of the tongue curled farther back, ‘unaspirated ch Tike “ch” in “church”, but with the tip of the tongue curled father Deck, aspirated, Sh like “sh” in “ship”, but with the tip of the tongue curled fasher back: Tas in “right” in English, but with ips unrounded, and the tip of the tongue curled farther back. Always pronounce the Chinese /1/ sound with a nice smile! Finals; of ke “yin “sky” (light) Ik) "4a in Zhi", “UN, “ai? adn promod dierey from he single fal (Aer prneuncing the ins “2, “et”, “sh” nl“, the tng doee net move. Ce must he taken mat te promance the simple fal“ Py shih Is weve und afer Zt" “err, “Sh or ea it feo 1. ABRAWF Leam and write basic Chinese characters (RHEE HA JS ten people, person 2 tk @ Notes On the left side of « charector, or Pot oy ten 2 strokes ab 7b noo yal oP 1 ep ue tae «© A 11AG nee 4 aarokes © AA 1 1MR bei ell 4 srokes oh Fret ee vl inde Note: On the left side of « character, wR Cte arias aut anew 5 roe Ok 0 eek . ShEg. to be bor sux deneing enon 5 strokes ¥ ; cao (tAPPRRH (Hen) 2H persons thing 8 srkes 2 WHWIOPC AHI Leam and write the Chinese characters appearing in the texts a) te ok +h (The “Fle” side, “8 *, denses something related to a woman.) ne(2) 48 ta te 4 +e (The “standing person” side, “4 ", denotes something related to a person.) (3) #1 men (44) M4 477 (The meaning side is “4", and the phonetic side is “f1".) (4) He ni Wo + he COR: 7 or ir as 5 strokes) (The “standing person” side 4" denotes something related to a person.) By Gyturteciuny (the “vightoae” cide) ff 2 stokes Al (wenipsing) (the “hat” side) = 1A 4 strokes (5) nd MB >A +8 (©) nd M+ 2 + AR (The meaning side is “2”, and the phonotie side is “#8 ) ne Mok + AB (The moaning side is “4 ", and the phonetic side is “A.) (8) 48 dou aH +f F (Wok6u) (ihe “ahd” wy) - tH 4 strokes TP inci) (he “wet” characer) + 3 strokes J (ohizipérg) (te “teacher” sie)? 2 strokes (9) 269 lGoshi (26) H>F+e Ro) + sap D) (qutzikutngy(The “country” frame, “F1", denotes the boundary of a county.) Ina 3 sks (10) "PBI Zhongguo (+P BY) B-O+k TE (yfzteuang) (the “doctor” ee 2 strokes (1D) BE yishéng (44) BoD +k (R.7 7 EERE 7 mivkes) FE (pie) (the “hat” boom) —-P-F 7 3 5 strokes (12) & shi Robt ail ita O ‘Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet Chinese difers from alphabetic languages in that its written form is not directly relted \w fis pronunciation. In order to provide phonetie notation for Chinese charecters and 10 fa vilitte the consultation of dictionaries, phonolegists drafted the “Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet”, and in 1958 the Chinese government passed an act to promote the ap- plication of this scheme, commonly huss as the playin (“arranged sounds”) system. Pinyin adopts the Latin alphabet to transcribe nese sounds, snd four diacritcal tone marks to indicate the diferent tones of Chinese characters. Pinyin is now widely used for the study of Chinese langage, and has aided the popularization of standant Chinese (Putonghua). The we of pinyin in the study of Chinese provides many prectical advanteges for leaming the language. -35-Tn this Tecan, you will lear bow tke someone's ame putes Iw We Hntinhace ure, nd Hew (0 ask fr permission. The promncistions of the Chinese iis inoduced in this lesan are diferent than similar | ily prion you will eure he able te mater them ils found in English, and so may seem | cu. Daxt be discouraged, however, for with | Rénshi ni hén gaoxing DIR WM i i "FA ALL TRAY Ne Kyi jinlai mor © permission TAHRB? Qing jint ® Yong Idosh, nin hie. 7hA shi we péngyou, wit! wm 29, G HR RAR MK, t@ shi jizhé. i Qingwen, nin guixing? ® FA, a HHT a: Lu Yoping: We xing LU, jito La Yoping. © a ke Loosni; INI. ndo, Lu xiansheng, renshi ni nen gdoxing. © eM Uae, Be AA, DR We AR Bo Lu Yaping: Yang Wosht, rénahi nin, we yé hn gooxing. BOF: Hh BM. UR RRR HH AB Gay Nev Won 1. renehi vo UR wo hon (oauebeay) Radoxing A Be happy pleased 3. Keyl Op TM may 4, jinlai vo RK to come in jin vo to enter lai yoR to come 5 qing voi ot +6. nin BR you (polite form) *7.péngyou NA friend 8 jizhé N74 reporter s.qingwen vate May 1 ake? wen yo 0 wk Woguxng HE whos your honorable eumame? xing WN one's surname ie--/surmame 11, ido voy to be called 12. xinsheng NE Mr. 13, Yong mH (@ susie) mere Lin Na: Wo shi Yuyan Xuéyuan de xuésheng. ® WE xing Lin, aR OR RA HS FR H FS, & HO, Jiao Lin Na. W8 shi Yinggud rén. NI xing shénme? © RMR. RR RA An th HA?Ma Dawei: WO xing MG, jido Ma Dawei BRAD RH BM BR KAW Lin Na: —NF-shi Jiénéda rén maz a OM: MR WERK A? M& Dawei: Wo bu shi Jidnada rén, wo shi Méigué rén, yé shi HRA: RAR WEKRA, RA KH A, VR Yoyan Xuéyudn de xvésheny, WO xuext Honyd. BE FR FA. KR FF wis. AE Fi Sor Won 1. yuyén langage 2. xuéyudn inntitte; college 3. de (@ possessive or modifying particle) 4, xuésheng student 5. shénme vat 6. ube to learns to study 7. Hanyis Chinese (langage) 8 Yinggud PN (Great Britany England 9 Ma Dawéi ph RH (name of an American student) 10, Ji@néda PN AoE Canada 11, Migué mn £8 the United States; America yf jinloi ma? “May I come in?” @ Qing jint “Come in, please!” *Cing =" ia am expresion weed for making palit requet en ® Uingwen, nin guixing? “May 1 ask what is your (honorable) curmame? ” ‘This is a polite way of asking someone’s sumame. In China, when meeting someone for the frst time, it is considered more polite to ssk his/her surname rather than his/her full name, Notice that “QuICHY" ean only he sad in combination with “niCGfs)” or *nin()", send not with *W8(3R)" or “tO (18/48), ‘Gingwen CHA)” means “May 1 ask..” or “Exeuse me, but..", and is a polite way of asking @ question. @ WS xing Lo, jbo Lu Yoping My sumame is La, and my fall name is Las Yopine.” When answering the question “Nin guixing? ”, one can either give one’s sumame by seying “WE xing", give one's full name by saying “WO JOo--" oF say both “WO xing ey JO =." [Note that in Chinese, one’s surname slays comes first, and the given name comes let. © Renshi rit hén_gaoxing, “(m) ead to meet Clterally, know) you." @© Wo shi Yoyan Xuéyuan de xuésheng “Tam a student at (literally, of) the Language Institute.” @ Ni xing shénme? “Wha’s your summame? * "Thi jnformal way of aching comeonc's sumeme ie appropriate when an adult is speaking to a child, or when young people are talking with each other. iste) eres FRE Initials: | qx 4 Finals: ia ion iang vei(-ui) uen(-un) Ge dan 1. BPE Spelling i xi Jia xid jion qian xian jicng giang xiang fin an xinjing aing xing io au xi jus que Xue juan quan xuan oui kul hui zhan chon on 2. BOF The four tones r i i i zhezh6zhé zh ging ging ding qing jin jin jin ui ot gui xing xing xing xing xian xin xlan xan sheng shéng chéng _—shéng yo vu va yal yon yan yan yon xu xu US xu yuan yudn yun yuan x xi x x han hén hn hon iia ii jig iia 3. $## Sound discrimination jid0 -giéo yus — ye (Wo teh) (orth) Cahn) tian — ting yan — yang (fed) Go sep) epee) (seep) 4. SHH Tone diserimination shéu— shou xia — xia (and) hin) (Gown) jane ing jin ‘guixing xiansheng yayan xuéyuan xuex! Hanyei slianddes ul — wh eo zhi — chi (only) (rater) shui — shui (ater) (wo sleep) xin —— xin bi — bai xiG0 — vido (heat) eter) (white) (call) (1 Ieush) 5. FEWEH-4 Combination of tones oe vyeyén keyi ging jin wémon Baing xing yor kéiooh jidjic Cine (to ease) Gemma) Gorm) (ler eaten) Live waips Hanyts guixing meimei midnbGo —_ignx! baocht zhi kegi ered) ourcise) (eowrpspn) (40 poy atin ) (ety) 6. SU#BHERE Practice on disyllahio words tite Ctr) Yingyil (Fnglish) XiGOIE (Miss) Fayit (French) nishi_ (Madam) Déyti (German) Tinali (manager) Evi (Russian) t6ngshi (colleague) iyi (Japanese) 7. DART AWRIEALE Read the following classroom expressions aloud Zhiyi fayin, (Pay attention to your pronunciation.) Zhuyi shengdido. (Pay atention to your tones.) Dui bu dui (Is it sight) Dui le. (it’s right.)Carrot. KRY_SENTENCES Kéyi jinloi ma? Qing jin! Nin guixing? WO xing Lo, jiao La: Yuping, Renshi ni hén gGoxing. Wo shi Yoyan Xueyuan de xuesheng. WS xuéxi Hany roaveene (=) [84H Asking for permission) FAIA Make a dialogue based on the picture Tae ETE TE eh) (=) [8 Asking someone's name] FEAT II Complete the following dialogues (1) A: Nin guiings By WS xing . fide : As WO jido wa hin gaoxing B: _ (2) A; Ni xing shénme? B: : (3) A; Ta jiGo shénme? Bs (4) A: Ta xing shénme? B: -42- ) [88545 Introducing oneself] HHJRZC18 Situational dialogue Ask everyone to intraduce himseli/herelf in a meeting by imitating Dialogue Il in the text. (19) WE Listen and ey HE. se ieae ANGE LHP ERH EA, RT IRB MALRAAGAM, BE RAMA MARA. VR, BRB 1. RRO Pronunciation key nities j is an unaspirated voiceless palate affricate. To produce this sound, first raise the front of the tongue to the hard pelate and press the tip of the tongue ‘enna the hack of the Lower woth, and then loosen the tongue snd let the air squeeze out through the channel thus made. The sound is unaspirated and the vocal cords do not vibrate 4 Js an aspirated voiceless palatal afrcate. It is produced in the same manner as S77, bn i Fe axpieata, X is a voiceless palatal frcative, To produce it, first raise the front of the tongue toward (but not touching) the hard palate and then let the sir squeeze out. The vocal cords do net vibrate. cat [Notes The finale that ean be combined with “°, “q” and “x” are limited to “i" “O" and compound finals that start with “i” or “0 2. SESH Spelling rulee (1) When the compound final “Uei" is combined with initials, it is simplified to -ui and the tone mark is written over “i", For example: gui. (2) When the compound final “ven” is combined with initials, it is simplified to -un, For example; lin, (3) When “0” is combined with |, q and x, the two dots over it are omitted. For ‘example: U8. “y" is added to the compound finale which start with “" and the two dots ‘over it are onitted. For example: Yoyon Xueyuan Note: "J", “a”. and "x" are never combined with “u” and “a”, a3“fe"F4() Sentences with “#2” (1) od ‘Ady N/NP th 2m. Ta | tooste a es & Si. | Me Dowéi | ba shi laoshi. itt | z See | me Ta | oh puesheng | _mar In an “A 38 B® sentence, the verb form is made by putting “7K” before the veeh "2" TF the sentence ie not particular emphatic, “J” is read sof. Note; The adverb “75” must be placed belore “Rt is used to connect the two parts, Its negative Rule to Write Horizontal before veriest Downward-left before deverwand-right From left to right a ms From top te bottom From outside to snside Outside before inside before closing a JA dy | Middle before two sides -4- 2 WHARF Leam and write basic Chinese characters ow a-+« § GF seven 2 strokes ly a “ly Jaas xi00 small, litle 3 strokes ay Pres v9 heast 4 suchen Note: On the left side of a character, “ is written as (a) AR Jawa ohul water 4 sokes Note: On the left side of» character, * oA INARA yue men 4 ses (6) + a at shew hand 4 then ‘Note: On the left side of a character, “" is written as “3 ow lo0nWe @ tien fied 5 strokes o 4 7 18 (+8) eae fa oR 1 Tey R (e+ 2) lhe 1 HEEEEE ie yr ae ao) = a 1 yan speech 7 strokes: i Note: On the left side of « character, “&” is written as “i, os in “i.3. GASSULICHHALE Loam and write the Chinese characters appearing in the A] (shéozipéng) (the “ladle” side) 7 “947 texts (8) # de (1) VaR renshi (383%) wo7e+y AO tA (C47, the meaning side plus the plhneaic side, *A.) 3 strokes Ra7yptR (14%, the meaning side, donates Iangvagelaed havior.) (2) #8 yoyon (35F) &BoOy+h+ DT J (eancianshui) (the “theedropeofvrater” side) "5 3 3 stokes (3) ae Honyo GR) Roper 5 in Bo m4 os F (youzit6u)(the “to heve” top) — 7 2 strokes (5) MA péngyou BoA +A Bore (6) #4t guixing (#42) Hoy ++ Bok ek > Gieozipéng) (the “calling” side) * + 2 strokes (7) »4 ji@0 epom sy 4 -#How will yout bes she (China? By the end of hi lesan, you shold be abe to | [janes pope spe pune a | | regret, and say goodbye in Chinese, Remember to keep | practicing your protaneaten aod tones every dy. GEBIR Lesson 5) Canting zai nar 47 fe OBL Mé Dawei: Qingwen, zhé shi Wang Xidoyun de sishé ma? Boks HA, RR 2 be Be Br Nii xuésheng; Shi. Qing jin, qing 2ud. KOE. Rl a, a, Mé Dowéi: Xiexie. Weng Xidioyuin zai mar® % KA: iH Lo ba A? NNO wuesheng: Ta bu zal ak Pe, MEK, M& Dowel: Ta zdi nére® BokKA: He MILI Ni saiésheng: Dui igi, wd bt zhideo.® ke RR, KK foil, Mé Dawéi: Mei quansi, Hao. zailian KA Kh. HB, Hho Ni xuésheng: Zaijian. k FA: HR. A ia Now Wen 1. c&nting NAF ing oom 2. zai vo to be (here,there); to be (in,on, at) 3. re RIL where +4. qingwon Vo GRP tay 1 ask.2 wen vo to ack +5. zhd BOR this 6. sushe N FE — dormitory 7b A & female +8, xuésheng N FE student 9. jin vot to exter 10. 200 yo # wait 11, xitxie vA to thank 12. duibugy TE SERRE Tm sorry #13. WS pr Ty me 14. zhidao Vo Sei to know 15. méi guanxi TE KA never mind; it doesn’t matter #16, hdo A goods wells fines O.K. 17, 20ijian TE FIL gonlbye 201 Av HE erin 18 Wang Xidoyun YN £2 (namo of « Chinese student) te for : XiGojié, gingwen canting zai nar? © 48, GR RT MILE Zai &r céng er ling si hao.® B> ROW F, pth 2 Xidxie. Disa rapes tank by +e 4 Buayong xié.® 7 AR it,Sdng Hua; Daweéi, women zai zher. RM: KA, Hi fe BIL, Ma Dawel; Duibuqi, wo Ii wan le. © a KA: ape, HOR UL To Weng Xidoytin, Méi guanx! Eo we: h KK AE Fy New Wont 1. xidojié N oe 2.er mM ooS 3. céng Mo 4 ng m 0 er0 ne Nu] haut 6. hao nF umber 7. buyong Ady AL ced not 8 zher Pro KIL here 9. wan A % late 10. le a OT (modal pantical/aspect partes!) 11 Song Hud PN * +e {name of Chinese student) -90- ® Weng Xidoyin zai mar “Is Wang Xisoyun in?” @ Ta zai naire "Where is she?” ® Duibugi, w6 bil zhidao. “dubugi(a 451)" is a phrase commonly used in making excuses or apologies, and the response to it is usually “méi quanxi(##)", @ Canting zai nar? “Where is the dining hall? ® Zol er ceng er ting si hao. “Wein Ne. 204 om the second Qou.” in Chinese the ground floor of « building is considered! tn he the frst Door © Buyona xe. “Dont mention it.” This phrase is used as a response to an expression of thanks. One may also say, “Bd eC IY” © Duibuqi, wo 14 wan te. Sony, Tam late.” Pronunciation Drill FEE Initinles 7 © 8 ‘98 Finals: iq] er jong ua van uang Gn 1. DHF Spelling za ce sa a a si 20 ou sazuan cuan suan aut out sul zon con sin zhuang chung shuany jiong giong xiong itn aun xan qua kua hua 2. WUFF The four tones 4. 3H Tone discrimination 26 20) 2b zai van con can can fing ting ting ting canting s go céng —céng cena si ofng @ oe er er ho wen wen wen wen gingwen xe xi XB xiexie ion jan jan zeijian wan wan won won tai wan te yéng yong yéng yng buydng wang wéng wang wing yon yin yin yin Wang Xidoytn song séng sting song hua hus hua Song Hua 3. FHF Sound discrimination a —a git — je jin. — qian (om) (ani) see) ing — jing kai — hud huan — huang (Che geen) (ouch) -2- 3 si jing — ding 9 & er (i) (wall) (wo) (sea) yong — yong wén — wen xing — xiong (riten language) (bene) 5. #FerA LAG Final “or” and retroflex ending @F (10) 2her (here) 6121 (con) NO (there) Erduo (ear) Gr (where) niVér (daughter) wane (0 play) 6. PIWISLE Combination of tones ayes sony n wmg uengenwengwoe canting Yingguo iinott gooxing —_xiGnsheng fer shénget gianbt = gongzud xox (stan) (oem wert (eet) werd Com) kaiche huanying —kdishf——shanggian zi (io dive ear) (0 weleame) (Qn ts) (hp) (wie) wenger emg mene nengee nenyeen mingtion ——xuéxt youyong — xuéyuony shen (tomorow) (a swim) shjian huida iit zezhi mingzi (cine) (anew) eer) (empmine) (name) zuction zagio cidion = cidat hoizi Gestntiy) (eth) (Gieiomey) Caio pe) (id 7. SUEAWHER Practice on disyllabic words Ji@0sh (classroom) HEl6n (The Netherlands) ang (auditorium) edochdng (playground) css (toilet) yiyudn (hospital) Ail (Bem) YuenGn (Vietnam) TOiguO (Thailand) Yindds (India)8 SH WA Practice on polysyllabic words tUshOigudin (library) XinjiGpS (Singapore) shiydnshi iN (the Ptiliphines) bangéngshi Xinwil6in (New Zealand) ‘lydguéin Andee (Australia) waishich Mal6ixtya. (Mataysia) tingchéchting Yindtntxiya) (Indonesia) 9. DBF PVIAERIE Read the following classroom expressions aloud Qing nidin kéwén. (Please read the text.) Qing niin shéngcl, (Please read the new words.) WO shud, nimen ting. (Listen to me.) KEY SENTENCES 1. Qing jin, ging zud. 2. WO bu zhidoo. 3. Zaijidn. 4, Qingwen, canting zal nor? 5. Xidwie. 6. Boyong »ie. 7, Duibual. 8. Méi guanxi (—) [1938 Asking for directions) 1. 56H FAVE Complete the following dialogues (1) As Qingwen, césud zai mdr? R Ay Xidxie. B. (2) A: Qingwén, jidosht zai nary B; Duibugy, 2. HLF Situational dialogues Tn an unfamiliar building: (1) You ate looking for the elevator (s.#% didnt). (2) You ase looking for Mr, Yang's office. (=) [A Looking for someone) 1. LF IIZIE Complete the following dialogues (1) A; Qingwén, Lin N&@ zai may B, As Ta 221 nine Ry Duibuat, Ay Méi guérsi, Zaijiant Re QA: 2 B- Zai. Ong jin. 2. FUMZi% Make a dialogue based on the picture (1) Xuécheng; 1 Yeng loshi (2) Lin N&, Libd 281 ma 2 Ma Dawei. Lin Nay 2 Ma Dewéi, Lin Na Ma Dawei. =55-) [iti Making an apology) TL28 Make o dialogue based on the pivwre () A: B: @Q) As i (22) [ARAL Asking about someone's occupation) 1. 528 FFE Complete the following dialogues (1) A: Nin shi yishéng maz B; Bu shi, 8 Shi, A: Nin ne C, WE y& shi xuéchong, we xuéxi Hanyt. (2) 2 B: Shi, ta shi waiyti loshi A NE 2 B: WO bt shi waiyt laos! | WO shi (EH) Yr2B Listen and repeat HA dep ILO B2k2-OF,, ‘tit. HA CARRE IG? HE ARR. HRA, BR. FRe Sree aot 1. JL4G#) Retroflex ending (final) ‘The final "er" sometimes does not form a sylsble by itself but i attached to another 1s represented by the letter “P" added tothe final to form a retrofiex final. A. retoflex final. In actual writing, “JL is added to the character in question, as jn *nér(SHJLY". 2. RAF Pronunciation key Initials: like “ds” in “bods” c like “ts” in “eats”, with aspiration s pronounced as in English, eg. “s” in “see” (inal) ike “er” Jn “sister” (Ameriean pronunciation) ic Grammar FAREIDLCIEY (AI) Questions with an interrogative pronoun ‘Statement Question Na shi women Idoshi, + Na shi shéiz mR RM IP. mR iy Wo xing Mo. — NI xing shénme? & He BR HAT Canting 7ai ar eéng. > Canting 281 naire Ri = Be BR kw Ta shi Zhonggué rén. — To shi nd gud rén? #2 PR Ke wAm HAP The word order in # question with an interrogative pronoun is the same as that in a declarative sentence. In this kind of sentence, a question pronoun simply replaces the part of the santance te which the interogstive pronoun correepondeStroke | Name | Example a |henageu | Way to Write om “te horizontal stroke with a hook, A | ne a oh se in ‘The horizontal stoke with a downward tum, is | written Like the frst stroke in "55". ‘The horizontal stroke with a downward tum to the Tet, ie writin like the frst stmke in“, and then an upward. tam w the right, ‘The borizontal stoke with « downward tum and To [penameaou | | tks is written like the third stoke in ke the second stroke in * [The vertical ctroke with « hook, is weittom lke | the second stroke in “T™ 2. (SHAW Lean and write basic Chinese characters oF mics two (2) ILC) JIL oF isi a wo # ~SFH jing well oe) & wen written language = 2 strokes 2 shes 3 stokes 4 stokes 4 strokes © RH) 1 1B 4 Heer we rn oh InAAe ae and 5 ses Note: "8." is the original character for “u"(zt, ancestor). When it became a Joaned function word, “i” was substituted for the original character (8) Varo Show 5 strokes o A FP ERAR WS me 7 schon (10) F 0 SPE dg Maegan 8 strokes 3. ASME MLAS Leam and write the Chinese characters appearing, in the texts A (2bizteu) (the “lection” op) — FE () & zai Bote 3 strokes 2) & 20 Bor gr ek (3) a gingwén (344) Botte (he mening side i ao>n+o sed the phonetic side i “5".) -9-BL (abuzhidiy(the “hurrying” side)” 3 strokes (@ @ he (a8) woe eh (S) 28 fin Gh) Bo (6) HR zaijian (4) Homa +e Crane 6 stiches) (1s47it6U) (the “study” top) "A 5 trokes (7) #4 xuésheng (#4) Fa Fe (8) 4¢ ho Bok ag (9) ABR ribo Mok + J) (yengeikuing) (ihe “use frame) J J] (10) 8 buyong Pa tale ( -0- Barz Eos Chinese Dictionaries Unlike most English dictionaries, in which entries are arranged alphabetically, Chinese dictionaries are organized in a number of different ways. Chine dictionaries canbe com- piled alphabetically (using pinyin ar another romanization system), by the number of strokes sed to wile the character in question, or by the radical of the character. Many dictionaries published before the 1920s onder their entries according to radical, whereas modem diction haries are often arranged alphabetically ord include radical and stroke-number indexes "The Xinhua Zidian (Nev Chinese Dietioniny) sae Niaulai Hanyu Cidian (Modern Chi nese Dictionary) are among the most widely used dictionaries at present in the People’s Re: public of China. The fint is « pocketsize dictionary, containing some eight thousand entries. Tr deste mainly wih inividual charactor, their definitions, pronunciations, ad tue. The second is « metiun-sized dictionary including more than fily-six thousand enres, It covers single characters, compound words, set phrases, and idiomatic expressions. ‘The enevelopedic Cihai (Sea of Words) and the detailed Ciyuan (Sources of Words) are both large dictionaries, fien issued in multi-line sets. Curreniy there are also many ctonares specially designed for intemational students who want to study Chinese language and alte ~61-(160 em, yo oi fe lm tw ste rn goa eae {a's ae ow we tte ash a sword mein ele mae eat ise pes le na vod CBR Lesson 6 (HEY Review) ) Women qu youyéng, hao ma BU] A WRK, FY Lin Na, zudtian de jingit: zénmeyang? ® aM, HR 8 RA) BAH? ik ME igi, ie ew Fos KB T! HA MR BP Wang Xidoyun; Toi hao ley Shenme shinou quy > — Lin Mes x ! ® 4K RE &, TA? Wang Xidoyin: Kay. ER: Tre a 5 aN E3 er Mating ) Hén you yisi. Jintian tiangi hén héo, women qu BREA fh, RA youydng, hao mar ® TR, ee ai Words 1. qu v £ to go 2 youying Yo. aie to sin amin oN ER yesterday 4. jingid N Fal Beijing pens 5. zénmeytng Qh GAAP how fs it? 6. yOu yisi IE * interesting 7. jintian N a today tion N R day 6. tian N RK weather © tai Aw Ok too extremely 10. shénme Qh RX what U1. shthou oN, aR times moment 12. xionzdi N Bf now ©... Yang ldoshi, mingtian nin you st T Ad A, WR & A wm Br Yang loshi; Duibue, ying zal shuo yt bin, © ho EM: ARR RR Yeng Ioshi; hh EM: Mingtian nin yéu shijién mar WR th A whi? Women ati cs gid, héo ma? BIN ke ark, ome Hén bdogién, mination we RR eH, WK RK wy. (i) Relnng hén mang, Kéngpa bu xing. Hea wr) Row, Ml OR Xiéxie nimen, ap an. 0New Words Es 1. mingtian =—N WR tomorrow y # te have N ati time v # to says to speak M & number of times (of action) 6dogid vo are to play tel a v to play ait x al 7. boogian Wn to feel sorry/sorry «among A Igy 9. kOngpd Aly to be aiaid thats perhaps 1 xing v to be OK. #11. xiexie v to thank w.nimen eA sev (ol) 1) Zuotin de jingjt: zénmeyang: “How was yesterday's Keying epera? ~ Tet se 28ameyana? "is an expression commonly used to ask for someone's opin ‘Among the oughly 300 forne of opera in China, Beijing apera has enjoyed the greatest Ase unique at fom representation af reply and has the most eesve ben ese culture, it is loved hy many people all over the world, 2D Wemen qu youyong, héo ma “Shall we go swing? " is a pattern used when making a suggestion. see, RO ma? * 3) Tai ho let Shénme shinou qu? “That's great! When are we going? * Tei ho Tol CAHG'T |)" ean expression wend to aw eathusiatic approval: Hie also used to express happy agreement with s suggestion, You may also use “hOo( KF)" or sxing({7Y” as @ response. ¥ Xidnzdi qu, kéyi ma? “Is it OK. to go right now? * so, bavi mov " ie anaber expression used to make « suggestion, If you agree wit suggestion, you may say *HEVICHFIRY” oe “NOH” nin you shijian may “Do you have time temoron’? * © Qing z01 shuo yi bian. “Pardon? Wl yo sey it opin? * This phmse is used when the speaker's words were not heard clearly and yeu would like him/her to repeat them, @ Hén baogian, mingtian we hén méng, kéngpa bi xing, Ym somry, but FUL be very busy tomeow. Tin afaid 1 ean.” “Kongp® bu xing” is a phase to express «courteous refi wee. om 1. SF Spelling 2hT chr io qu go ka sald peng tan dang zhong ‘chong gan kang zon cang in ging zha cha zo ca ge ke i ai 2. WU The four tones you you you you yong yong yong youyong 2 2062 tion tian tidn tian 2udtian in jin jin iintian ming ming ring mingtian q gi qi tionai xian xian xidn xion xianzdi jing ing jing id ja io jo fingjt bao bdo bao bao qian gion qian qian baogiin kong kong kong kongpe xing xing xing xing bo xing3. MF Sound discrimination iit — ic. si — shi con — zim (ioe) (private) (inch) gi — dul — wi guan — juan (en) (o exchange) 4, 34% Tone discrimination wang — wang kin —~kén gong — gong oe) (w se) (labor) san — san shen — shén gual. — gui (ee) (eas) 5. FEM Combination of tones Umer mV nv ye nv ev mye IGoshr yoyan key kongpd fie yuyin a gic yt gingwen —zérme (roraciation) (eames) (ow) xiGoshud —_aichuding fliddéo niisht yizi (ont (0 st wp) comh) (aden) tae) MN myname ey gee shangban —_si_céng waiyt baogian —_xiexie (to e 10 werk) giche kewen dianying ——huihua meimei Ga) en) (one) (coment) tuyin fox dignnéo Hanzi keai (ound rcoting) (eve) (computer) (Chine character) 6. SLBRER Practice on disyllabic words GUANIAN (to do physical training) ChifeN (An ext a meal) sh&ngké (to have lessons) XiGKE (class is over) 1. SEHR Practice on polysyllabic words Shuo Honyt (to speak Chinese) nidin sh€ngct (to read the now words) xi8 HONZi (to write Chinese characters) fing lyin (to listen to tape) Changgé (to sing a song) tidowts (to dance) 10 (to take « bath) Shulji00 (to seep) kan laxiang (to watch video) U0 Hidinxt (to do exercise) fOnyi jUzi (to translate sentence) yong didnndo (10 use computer) 8. BABE F IAVAEA Read the following poem aloud Deng Guan Que Lou & wR (Téng) Wang Zhihuan CB) £ 2k Bo =f yf shan jin, 9 f fF wR, Hudng Hr hai ee ee Yu qiéng qian f= mu, * 8 +t BE he Géng shdng yi céng lou £ £ - & the 9. DHE FHI JE Read the following classroom expressions aloud ing kan sha (Please look at your books.) Qing xi8 Hanzi Qing zai nidn yf bin, (Please write the characters.) (Please read it agin.) ‘Wemen tingxié (Lats do dictation.) ENTENCES Zustin de jingju z8nmeyang? uintian tiang! hen nao, women qu youyong, nao ma? . Tai ho let Shénme ehihou qu? Xidnzdi au, kev ma? Keyl . Mingtian nin you shijian ma? . Dulbugl, ging 241 shuo yi bion . Hen béogién, kngpé bi xing.(—) [8ik Making suggestions) ) BY FTAA UTHA Mitate the following dialogues HIZB Make « dialogue based on the picture ) A: Nin hao! 2 @ A; . do ma? Dl Dy By Tai ho let i A: Qingwen, nin guixing? 4 wy Ay —__, key maz Va B: Wo xing LI, jido Li M&B, Gingwen, nin xing shénme? re A: WO xing Song, ji#e Song HuG. Nin shi nd guo rénz Q) A: , héo maz A B: WO shi Méigué rén, shi Being Doxué (university) de B: Shénme shihou qi7 ap xuésheng. A: . Keyl mar A: Renshi nin hen youring. , Dabad, ; Oye bi Pra rin, wy hn gaorng snes Ct we (2) As Uo, of HB mo? B; Wo hén hdo. Séng Hud, ni ner ‘A: WO hén mang. Ni waip6 héio maz | GAGRIES Asking somcone to repeat something] B, Xiexie, ta hen hao. NI baba, mama dou noo may B; Duibudi, B: NI ho. A: Ay Zhe shi Méih C: NI-héo. We jit Ma. shi Béiling Déxué de xuéshena. WS LPH Making comments) xuéxi Hany. Qingwen, ni shi M@igué rén ma? TE2SiB Make a dialogue based on the picture B; BU shi, wo shi Jionada ren, (1) A: Qingwen, zhé shi shénmey B; Zhe shi wushi. Washi z&nmeying? (3) Ay Ta shi sheiz Ta shi women IWoshi. ‘Az T@ shi Zhonggud rén maz B; Ta shi Zhongguo rén. Ta xing Chén, Az Na shi sher? B: Ta jido La Yoping. A B. (2) A, Zhé ohi shénme? R, Zha shi xiongmao. Az Xiéngmdo zénmeyang? 2 Ta y& shi Koshi maz ; TG ba shi lGosht. Ta shi jizhé. e(4) A: Xidnsheng, gingwén, bangongshi zai nar? B: Zol wo ceng A; Chén léoshi 281 ma? B: Shéi? Duibual. ging zdi shud yi bidn, A: Chén Fangfang losht zai mo? B; TG 26i. A: Xiexie, B: Bo xe, (5) A: Kéyi jinlai ma a B; Wéng xiGnsheng, nin héo. Qing jin, ging 20. : Duibugi, wo lai wan te. b. + MEI Quan. Nin yao kafel mo? + Wa bi yoo. Xiaxie Mingtian wémen ai kan jingitl. hao ma? Duibugi, mingtian wo hén méng, kOngpa bu xing Ao io erep CR.) 3H Listen and repeat AGLTR TH MRK, AAA OY AA p= omnes 1. “—"#Y3EHH Tone sandhi of “—’ Normally “—" is pronounced in the first tone when it stands by itself, at the end of a mond, pllsse or sentence, 0 ie ned as an ordinal mumber. However, “—" in the fourth tone when it precedes a first tone, second tone, or third tone syllable. It is read in the second tone when it precedes « fourth tone fe pronounced vi bei (one eu) vis | + sys] 7 example; yl ping (ove boule) 7 yi ben (one copy) y+ ‘+ yi+ ‘example: yi biGN (one time/once) -10- 2 MIE FOE BG BB Table of Combinations of Initiale and Finala in Common Speech ‘Thore are moro then 400 ingfal syllables in the commen speech of modem Chinese. If we add the four tones to these, we can distinguish more than 1,200 syllables. The syllables covered from Lesson I to Lesson 6 are shown in the table on the next page. ‘SHALE Sentences with a verbal predicate ‘The main part uf the predicate in a sentence with a verbs! predicate is a verb, ‘The # usually follows the verb. One of its negative forms is made hy placing the adverb before the verb a ae oe nm yeo RM |e = i __Women | atu med | Hono er Caning Nin -n-Gi i 1, R¥BABH(2) Combined character strokes (2) Stroke | Name Example Way to Write | The vertical stroke with @ horizontal tum 10 + shuzhé al the right, is written like the second stroke in “uh” | me vertical coke with an upward tum to v | shaw v 1 right, is veriten like the first stroke in “a. | | The verticel stroke with «horizontal tum to 2, shichécnegou| the sight, and thes a domuward tune am hook, is writen like the second stroke in “a The horizontal sroke with a vertical tum, hengznewan ‘and then a hongental turn to the right and © I oo | 7% [an par tek, is wien Uke the second | stroke in “J.” The downward stoke tthe left, and then a 2 | pitzne % | hvieotal urn to the ight, is writen like the second eck fn "2" | {he downward srcke to the left and then an < | pieaion de | extended dot to the right, is writen like the first stroke in “£" 2. SiB414 Combination of strokes The ela hip letween stckes in Chincac cheracter can be essential to its meaning ‘There are three ways to combine strokes in a character: (1) Adjacent (not attached) like “7", "JL", “= (2) Crossing lke “POR IL, RMS Teta TU (3) Connecting like“ -n- 3. WHAT Leam and write basic Chinese characters a7 Jn tne 2 stokes ah Zh = ite 2 kes at tt cin a unit of inch 3 stokes wz Tae 9609 abe 5 shes ot Mian = wing die 3 atkes 6 = a con te 3 sevkes mea) 7 ~~ %& ak 4 soukes w) z 1 to eand 5 sakes oF “CAT ag Shen body 7 stckes ‘Note: On the left side or in the middle of character, 40 ie wine oe 1) 3t dito exchange Tr ee ee 7 strokes WM \ 4 4 a God ae4. UBM Leam and write the Chinese characters appearing in the texts () & qu Frsbeh ee 2 ( SP R+ +s >We SR, ge) (3) RA tigng) (4) R7-+kK Q “ (4) & tai KorK+S (5) #4 shenme (47) Sorte tn Ar’ +h (6) ®P4& shihou (HF #R) ao a+ tt (787, the “aun” side denotes ti Rater e+ 4K CLAPP PP EER 10 stokes) (7) LAE xidnzdi (RA) Boe + (8) AX minatian A> A+ A (°R", the “eun" side and the “moon” side, + denote light.) “1 (9) mF) shijian (aM) qo>n+a (10) i shud (3) Ho 4+ 4 (shaxinpong) + * 4 3 strokes (On the Teft side of & character, “<2” is written as 4%) (1) méng Rohe e (12) hath xiBxie (st) Mri+gest Beijing Opera Beijing oper ie @ beanch of traditional Chinese wausical drama. It took shape in Beijing about 150 years ago and has been popular ever since. Beijing opera is a theatrical att syne thesizing recitation, instrumental music, singing, dancing, acrobatics, and martial ats, and featuring symbolic motions nd stage design. "The highly formulaic and) suggestive snvenients of the actors are accompanied by the rhythmic beats of gongs and drums, or the haunting ‘melodies of traitional anstruments. All contibute to its uniqueness as a pesforming ant, Bei- jing opera is rooted deeply i Chinese culture and still appests strongly to many Chineen -15--16- ‘The fist six lessons of this txbook provide an overview of the planet Ye sytem of the Chino langage, which cenit of twenty-one initials thi ‘y-eipht nals, ond the four basic tenes. There are ony a litle over 1200 ways of combining iitils and finls in Chinese. Now thet you ean use pinyin, you val he able to med ay Chino alate serv A mace goal of language Jaming into acquire the ability to commun ‘ate in tht Targunge. For thie purpose, you fave Jems how 40 respond to 4 mmber of basic sci citation. In ston, you ave met with more than ene Iundred words and expressions, have leamed forty key eetences and have studied twenty-two sentences of else Chinese So far, you have acquired ity basic Chinese character as well as mere than Bly ew voccbulary ten fied finn den. Yuu kave ho Teared some rules of stroke cnr for Chinese chante. This elementary ocabulry will be useful when you start to Jeera compound words and eo ‘inne to build your yoeabulary (_asinn Sena) | sve ym is ain yh | tik ina ‘wendy ster tang * pte iy | | ise pein tan be To wl xpi! wih | | teers Chinese a! wil itr ca | | the culture, customs, and hahits of Chinese-speaking peoples. i | hie ono wi Ip yew ning ance, | | smn or at ada ion is | | corte tre ny | | SERED ye in KU Me Ni rénshi bu rénshi ta AK RF, RR BX. ha, WE mingtion kaixué, we hén gdoxing. Ni kan, 1@ shi RR Rl Fm wy AIR? bu shi women xuéyuan de Idoshi? & A-F.° HA, HA AM FR HH Wo wen yixid. Gingwén, nin shi women xuéyuan de 2M G2? WGoeht ma?ak ae: A, RR BS Hee wy AM, Zhang jidoshou: Shi, wo shi Yoyén Xuéyuon de Iosti. T ne & je? bn Nin guixing? a RR RH RK, MN PR —-F, RAK Zhang jideshou: WS xing Zhang, wtimen renshi ybtia, 2n€ shi wo de Bike mingpian, ttt. an) fee mk Hie. © Xiéxie.(Kan mingpian) A, nin shi Zhang jidoshou. Kom T Ask, wm) RB aN OE Wo jido Ding Lino, ta jiGo Lin Na, Women dou shi es FR th FE, Yaydin Xuéyudn de xuiésheng aK HB RBS FR HH HE, Rew, Rin Lin Na; Nin shi Yuyan Xuéyudn de jidoshdu, rénshi nin, women hk BR. hen gaoxing. AUR: GR HA, IR. RA aR? Zing jidoshou: Rénshi nimen, wo yé hén gdoxing. Nimon dou hao ma? aOR it, AN aR RO, RHR, Lin Na: Xiéxie, wémen dou hén hao. Zhang jidoshou, nin méng A #2 bu mang? ae BR: AOR OO, i, BR Zhang jidoshdu, Wd hin méng. H&o, nimen ding zu, zaijién! Th: ne Drg lb gy Rem aOR, Zain HAT in Na; ete P26 HR 301 iB tas4s678 -18- Ae ig] New Werte 1 FF vo kaixus to start school Fv kai to open, to start =2.4R Adv hn +3. H% A gooxing very BSE, RAE, ALATA Iappy, pleased #875 er) high, ttt fv kan oath, wo Toh ot ANB, ABIL 3M vy wan te nak RAEI, 6-F vyinia (used after a verb to indicate a shor, quick, random, BF, novi ERED, ULIEAEBE +7. FBR ON xudyudn 8. BH NN mingpidin —ealing card RAY HE, ATHY. 9% Im 8 ah, oh 10. #4 = NfidoshOu professor x Vv jido to teach wil TAK PN Ding Libo (name of @ Canadian student) PN Zhang (a sumame) 2 AK, ME HRP + Lin NO, n& shi shéiz ARG KA. HGR #R GIR 4b? Na shi Ma Dawei. NI rénshi bu renshi 16? T Wik: RA GR fe Ding Libs, Wo be renshi ta. Ri: RR ee KF, RA, RRR MA In. Na: We Idi jiéshdo yoia. NF hdo, Dawei, zhé shi wo péngyou— HH! RH OT, MT Wak, HM, te my NI-hGo! WB xing Ding, jido Ding Libs. Qingwen, nf jidtoBRAY MG Dawei; T Am: Ding Libo; 4 KA: Ma Dawéi, T Ask: Ding Libs 3 KA: Ma Dawei, aOR: Lin Na: HA BFP® shénme mingei? Rt PR BF RAAT KRAR WO de Zhonawén mingzi jito M& Dawei. NI shi bu shi Pa At Zhongguo rén? RR MERA KBB R PH ALK BE Wo shi Jianéda rén. Wo mama shi Zhonggué rén, wo baba KR WERK Ag te LR EK AB? shi Jianada rén. Ni yé shi Jianada rén ma? RR, RRR mWERA, KR RA AL Bu hi, wé bi shi Jidnédd rén, we shi Méigué ten. NT FI HA eee xuéxi shénme zhuanyé? (eek) Talking RED RR Ea Hh mR? shee ee WO xuéxi méisho. zhuanye. Ni ne? RFI RF ho ME KR FA Ri. WO xuexi wenxué zhuanye. Xidnzdi wo xuéxi Honyi RA HM HFT RE, GH SRB AH xianzar women dou xuéxi Hanydi, yé dou shi Hanytl xi de FE, xuésheng, AE FR Nov Wont one ZR 3. aae 5 PX 6 EE -w- gre shel who vi Iai to come v ieshOo to introduce SOME, SPREE EB N mingzi ame HALE, NL Ae N Zhongwen Chinen PRE, HICH N baba ad “ED Vv ub to Team, wo study RTH, TRI e y xué Yo Tear, to study EH, AULA, GT 8 Fak NN Zhudinye — majors specialty EL, Die. 9 RR ON méisho. fine ats ER, SR & A méi beautiful 10. RF ON WEnxU —iterature SHC, eae Me nox faculty; department ER, BAR, PICK 12 BAA PN — MG DOWEl name of an American student) "13 MEK PN iGNGdo — Canada 4A oN Méigué the United States: She a Supplementary Words 1 wénhua culture 2X ON Ish history 3 FEN ZhEXUE philosophy 4 oN yinyue——imsic 5. BE N jing ‘coomuy 6 EN Shiu mathematics 1. ae N wolf physics 8. 4G —N hutxus chemistry 9.8 ON fidoy education 10, 345 V —-xudnxid to take an elective course D RETF is used after a verb to indicate that an setion is of short duration, or express the ides “giving something a try". It can soften the tone of an expression oo that it sounds loco formal. For example: “WUE, SMB, RET, ERE ROE, “4 “BORA F" and “RETIRE” are expressions commonly used when people meet och other for the fist time. -a1-@ SERIE RHEIN? ‘o indicate the place or organization where one works, plural pronouns are often used 4s modifiers. For example, the following phases are used: “/WKAE68", “HMALR", “TAL FIRE GUC}, county)", eather then “MEADE”, “HR”, “ARE “Wi” ia read in the fourth tone, indicating @ sudden understanding or expressing admire D@ Meme 2% This is @ casual way of asking someone's name, applicable to an adklt talking with a child, or used among youngsters. ‘The answer is usually one’s full name, For example: “Ft BTA". You may ako answer hy giving your sumame fret, and then your full nae. For example: “HKET 1 T AB @ ROP Le rms AW. ‘A noun can be placed diretly before a noun ss is attributive modifier. For example: AE, OREM, “ALA To render a non-Chinese name into Chinese, we may chen two or three charactors hnsed on the pronunciation or meaning of the orginal name. David March, for example, may he rendered fiw Chine us "3A", and Natalie Lynn as “A1"; the sumame “White” can be translted as “f3", and a gil by the nane of Amy can be called “W232”, Bath “s#3" and “ILE” refer to the Chinese language. “PX” has « broader mea ing, refering to the Chincoe language in bua its wien andl spoken forms. Origirally, “D, 4" refered only to the spoken language of the Han people. Today, itis often used w re- fer to both the writen and spoken forms of the Han language. Thse words are now used interchangeably hy wast people KEY SENTENCES WARRANT RH AID BARRA DRY |. AMAR F RH PLL PHYLA A. BT A SLT RP TERE DR. PAR MASA Rb WMA RH 1. HARTA Master the following phrases (DAF RF PBF ARF Fa—F QARARR PARR FaRED BRR REE AEA AER ARK FRE WAH QAREE HH AMA EMA Ae Binge AKRHLH HHS ANERHEP BESROFA PLAWIUE GS) PRA mEKA LMA PME mEAMA LMHS BR MA KAW KEI BFE aF)SE BA ek 2, WRU Patten drills () AL MR eae HIM x rH wERSA T (eerie awk EB hae 1 M/A I, aay ne | Ssh eB EP White 870 | (3) As BARR Mn Som? [aie BI M/RRAAIE HARM A, | hc teee Ra As (i/o Ht A 2557 arr Bs ese oe ee ae (4) At MRRAP BAT Pee BRR AERA, an dea KOSS page | M hehe PRAWES ERRMTA D.A,WLAWERA. aaases att (9) A AJL ROE? THK HRM Bi RRLAG MH, Rie OR Ar JRL BUR? HANH ttn Ie Be RAIA RE, -8-(6) Ar HURRARSRA? nr Be RURHA Ho wks Leet RBS FI TT ae B: REREREAGEA, Ui A HAMA HER? P1Bs Bs RMR RIE AO CD) A: WRN AM shee? | (8) Ar HOE LRAR RB? RR DB AR. ee A HDR so Bi REDE RE Meo? A RPILE SR, i (lish) Ww (zhéxué) HE (yinyu®) — 89 (jingjl) 3, EEE Make ventences acconding to the pictures a) WASEDA, +H te RBA, tet PMA. RBA MEP OAL PA, as (2) RIAA RB REIIMA 6 4. 21845) Conversation practice [30% Lt Meeting someone for the frst time] (1) As Ae HHT sl__. tem? 0 KRAMER. RF, RM 0 MOA BED B: Am|David March, KH PLS FHSAA GB) Ar HM BRAT B, AR___. ste As RE, (4) A: ar, akREean? Br MAR. (S) As RAF SR, RE. Bs ATURE. 6) HAMIL KAT LT AR, APRA, RHE RAL KS MARE RE AGS ERRE AM EA, LAIN SURE, [Ge Talking about one's major) (1) As HET RR IGE A HE? B: ARRBA EE. As REDE RY B, ADA R (oh) $e. Hoy FLA? A, Bebb wR - -85-(2) As eM RI ET B: MINHA ES 2 HO ERR ERR IBD RE HEE ER. + HRMS (XUnMiD) Ht 27 2 AAS SRG (wenhud). eres 5. CFR] Communication exercises (1) You come across a student whom you don't know. How do you eanry out a canverstion with him/her in order to know more about him/her? (2) ‘wo of your friends do not know each other. How do you introduce them to each other? () How do you in duce youre in a mooting? (4) How do you ask about your new fiend’s major? PEBIIH Student's Registration Form PA 1. ROURAAMEH Attributives expressing possession In Chinese, an attributive must be placed before the word it modifies. When a noun o ‘© pronoun is used as an attibutive to expess possension, the structural particle “89” is usually required. NP/ Pros fi) 4 ON R 8 am 3) SU Co When s personal pronoun funetions ae an attibntive and the modified wont ig» noun referring to a relative or the name of a work unit, the “9 between the attributive and the Word it modifies may be omitted. For example: #3985", “PEE”, MLK" HATE". 2. TERE) V/A-not-V/A. questions ‘A question can also be formed by juxtapos main element of the predicate (verb or adjective) i the affirmative and negative forms of the sentence. WA + BWA +O HR mame [HER sex AEA ave | BARE nationality | AM titan rie | m mae exemuan | 7 * |» aE BK B 2 Re | WAN RAFAT MARIE SFA FE MRA AT, BE RHF AA AEA PGE, AP KA F TERA, HFK B] (Vingquo) Att REBA, MEY 10 PLZFRAES, MAA WT Ai, EERE RA MAP BA, WAMERA, BAAHEULRLE, TARASLRER, DAMA EA RE. RIBS FOR IEA IG AIPA ME , BAER A (Vg). Held MARE AAI CARP HA, RHRURES FRO B I MOR Teo WA ER RHAR Ho DRAM HOLES EPH EE. | Predicate sunjett ee va Not VA ° % | Re | ist foe | om uM Aik 1 & | Rt ‘The remorse 10 ech a auton nay be a conslee een (affmaive or renive) or 4 sentence with subject or object omitted. One may respond with “JE (alimatve an- mer) or ASE" (negmive answer) at the beginning of an answer to a “IEACFE™ question For example: (1) Gee. (te @) GUAR). ADAH). (3) COB EBA, OE YRRERA, EABREB A, FR AWRRPRA 3. FA“OE" PALES A MAA] Abbreviated questions with “2” An abbreviated question with “DE” is made by edding “IE” directly afer a pronoun or noun. The meaning of Uke question, however, must be elealy indicated in the previous sentence --PLINP +98 7 SRA He? (iste tre) AKC IRAE? CARSBIRICORY = ARAMVACHCY HMEKA AEH? — (HBG? seRMS KA? ) AMET ILE BAM (ARI = AMR MIINSY ) 4. “th,” AI“HB"HYALAE The position of adverbs “th,” and “#6” ‘The adverbs “th” and “IR” muct occur afer the subject and before the predicative verb or adjective, For example; “Miu RIEAA",“HUAEMAAA". One cannot say “th AB EMTKA “BION EMAKA". 1 both “A and “HE wey he priate, “EL mete pt ane wt + WA ‘Preaeae ae ade va TH |B MmeKA. Thi TGR fe | Tome a | HE iB lw BR MBKK cd & TR fhe ae Lee te ‘ir * BMRA. ‘wf és WR fie fe | ae fhe i Rin ea RAL Rl eat AR fio Ri ean fe In a negative sentence, “th” must occur before “7. * CFR", Ik the meanings of “AB AN" and “AS 4p are dierent T Prnicte Subject 7 a Adv va Tm) i % | Rei. te we | REI. I WR | BEM. Cuone of us) R | (ot all of) ~#8- 1. SF A9HBHE Chinese character components There are three aspects tothe structure of « Chinese characters the strokes, the compo- sents and the whole charter. For enample, the charcter "A" f=", S177 7" <7 This a basic character and is also used as a component for some ‘ther characters. For example, “FE” consists of two “A” characters. The components ate the care structure of & Chinese character. Chinese share and nom-characterparts. For example, “Bé" can be divided into the following three pars “BT, “™", "JE" of which “JE se a charaterpan, while "[P" and "=" are the churacterpats. The key wo leaming Chinese characters well is to muster their components consists of ft stokes: can he divided into. charactor pasto 2. WSRAMF Leam and write basic Chinese characters wey =F A ia sae FM (CFP looks like the har or the bolt of s door; when the “=” in “3 is removed, the door opens.) @aA InnAa m ge 5 srkes au “ee oF TE AS XG below, bottom 3 strokes i (in contast with “LE, the * "under *—" denotes “bottom” oe *heneaih") @ % "+7 H% xz § yutn Gest einary 4 seen Ad g oH IPR ide 4 fat thin piooy aioe 4 crocs @ BK TTR Peskin 5 stokes\ wkd AK zhong w grow 4 suvkes ORR ~ OTS PPR to come 7 strokes 20) A 7KAKES Je stunted between; interpose 4 stokes an 3h Hileslen 3a ng a tue a2) & TE a 8 weit unsung w 4 shes (CIE stands om the right side or at the bottom of @ Chinese character, and denstes the pronunciation of the character.) (3) 38) Ja % to study 3 strokes an FH) HHH 2tuan specie 4 stakes (et that the hid sre of "4" i ene stoke, te to shen.) as) dh) 1 Wall aba YO line of busines; trade 5 shes cas) SL ore a Pa ae an Ray — TARR shu any skill 5 stokes (Note thet “A” has one more dot than “A?.) «ay Xi department: system 7 stokes “Ff eaRRR A & an A (&) JAA wei act; to do 4 strokes 3. KAS WICHAILE Leam and vite the Chinese characters appearing in the texts A (ehuonglrén) ("4" is called the “sngle-standing-person” side; “4 is called the “doublestending-peron® side.) 74 4 3 stokes E om 7739p BB 6 stokes (a AR hn R7A+R 9 stokes (liuzitou) (the “six” top) > > 2 strokes ™ (xingzitéu) (the “excitement” top) * 4 strokes: (2) %% gdoxing (%%) mot +e +ete 10 strokes Ba hen 7 F (wenetow) (In a mubiccomponent character the vencal stoke with « book “J " in “-#" is written as a downward stroke to the left “J ”.) ~ F 4 strokes (3) A ken Aw7F +A 9 strokes (Tokai, lad “46 above one's eyes “H™ vo ze.) F (2uererduo) (the “lef-ear” side) $f 2 sakes (4) PR xuéyudn (4 8) BOR +7 +A 9 strokes -91-(5) 23} mingpidn Z-g+0 6 strokes oma More+ kh + 10 strokes F (zeipang) (ake “son” side) (The horizontal stroke in the character “Fis writen an ‘an upward stoke, when the character becomes the Tet side component of enter cturater.) "TF 3 stokes KX danwenparg) (the “tapping” side) (The dot in “" is writen as 77") a downward sticke to the left, when the character becomes the right side component TEI 4 strokes of another character) “ (shOuzit6u) (the “acceptance” top) 4 strokes * (tObgogdi) (the “hald cover” top) inne 2 strokes: (7) 44% jlooshou & Morr gr sz 11 strokes Bo a + FFT + Lit cteohes (8) T Arak Ding Libo wap +k 8 strokes (9) #& zhang (ik) ROR +k 7 strokes (The meaning side is “5°, and the phonetic side is “".) AE mi AN RR A hehe 8 strokes (10) if shei (3) >i te 10 strokes 2 (idosspang) ( #) (the “floss silk” side) * # £ 3 strokes (11) 4¢8 ji@shoo (Jr #2) Boe+7 +0 8 shes > (bGogditou)(the “roof top) > 7 3 strokes (12) 6 mingai Fon +s (2) €& baba EOR+G # atkes (2 eaggecte the meaning end “E" denotes the promunciatias) a (towéivang) * “ 4 ¥ ¥ ¥ 6 strokes: (14) KA méishd (#7) E7*4K 9 strates (15) Aefe idndda moh+o 5 arches @or+ H+ or Ff (Hanae joined together to denote the moaning of “taking”.) 10 strokes comin) mee Personal Names ike west names in the work, Chinese names are made up of two parts: family names (xing) and given names (ming). While family names generally come from the father’s side (nowadays we also find family names which come fem the mother’s side), parents choose tiven names for ther children. In contrast to names in most European languages, where the ‘surname usually follows the given name, family names always precede given names in Chi- vse. In the mainland, women retain their family names after marrage --‘There are over a thousand Chinese family names. Zhang, Wang, Li, Zhao, and Lin are among the most popular, with about seventy million Zhangs exceeding all others. ‘The majority of family names in Chinese consist of a single character, but there ste some, such as Ouyang and Sime, that have two, and hence are known as disyllabic or double-character family names (fixing). On the other hand, it is common to have single character or double-character given names, such as in Song Hua and Lu Yuping, Due to the limited number of family names and shortness of given names, it is not unusual for people to have identical names in China ‘This Tescon wil teach yeu how to") be yout Gaity members, an How to tlk | boat your university sed deparmert, You will fear how to count 1© one hundied, and ask | questions related numbers and amt | Finally, we vel otaduce you to measure | wendy, oom nl category psedaly | welteveloped inthe Chinese lan ~ wi RAIL AK Nimen jié you jt kou rén a tm, R AKAN FH RH? Lin Nes Zhe shi bu shi nimen ji de zhdopian? z RX Ho® Wang Xiéoyin: Shi o ‘= ae a & wT. i RA La AD Lin Naz WO kan yixid. Nimen ji you jt k6u ren? z be: Ail FHMTA, RAK SE RK HB, Wang xidoyun; Women ji you si kbu rén. Zhé shi wo bobo, wo mama, RRA RP NM RR? 7hé shi wd gége hé w5. Nimen ji ne?Eo bK: Weng Xioyun: OME Lin Nas Eo eK Wang Xidoytin: a OM: Ln Na, Foe Wang Xisoytin; a Lin Na: Zz he, Wang Xidoyuin: OR: un Na: WA: Wang Xidoyiin: a un No: zon Wana Xidoyun: aM Lin Na 96 Re wa, A + Me HOD RH © WS you mama, you yi ge jiéiie hé ling ge didi al E-k HAW ASQ Wemen jid yigong yéu lit kou rén kRA DA, LH i® Zhe shi wii kOu rén, hai yOu shéir 3 A ARe Hai you Baibei DR A te wk BH? Baibei shi nf méimei ma? A, WM RK Hb Ae Bu, Beiboi oh wS do xido gou » 8 Pae—7 A mh? Xido gou yé shi yi kou rén maz RA ARM MH MA, £2 Aun Béibe’ shi women de héo péngyou,dangrén shi wémen ROA KA — KH MN HH BH, HAL Ji de rén. WS you yi zhang Beiboi de zhéopidn, ni ken f TR. Zhen k8"di Wi RA HB? Nimen ji@ you xiGo gou maz RMN EB Bo KM, A RAH Wernen jie meéiyéu xidie gd Lin Ne, nf you méiydu non AA péngyou? a HR WMA. Wo you nan pengyou. tem Ta xtFT Ta zud shenme gongzud? te & BA, Ta shi yishéng. TRIE] Asking stow PR, sere’ ceeupai “0 ami 3. fo oh B EbR 24. AM Con} Ne Ady > B22 wn PN family, home IUAIER, MERRIER Dow many, bow suet kou {o meaoure word minly for the mumber of people in a family) ILA, EA ZhOopiGN picture, photo HOKU, FIR he and BEAU, EMAAR, AS ge (@ measure word for general use) SAB, AWA, HABE, LER, UR jiéjie eer sister Wang wo HERA, UALR, PAE, BIR didi younger brother hoi in addition 4, BBE, WSUR, SHR, BST yigong —allogether SAAT méimei younger sister xiGo Hise, small 3, SER ou dog A, RAN zhang —_(a measure word for lat objects) PREV, —akA Jt GOHYTGH 98 at should be; only natural that i284, “iAkAe zhén ——sealically UNF, EH, ATEN, BOAT RD. KEG) lovely, cut SURI, ATRRAN NUL, BIREHU i to lve BRR. ANI, BAUR méi not BU non male BAR, BRE, TN 00 to dos to make GONGZUD to work/wonk #4ATHE, HLTH, RPA TH Weng Xidiovin (name of a Chinese student) Baibei (name of dog)© rom OR: bs FR RAK bout Lin Na; Yuyan Xueyuon da bu daz £ KKK ® Wéng Xisoytin; BU tai da. kW, ee FR H SY LA? Lin Na; Yuyan Xuéyuan you dudshao ge xi? A t= PR Ou shiver ge x Me Bk hil Me AB? Ni xihuan nimen Waiyis x ma? RR BR OE Re Weng Xidoytn: WS hn xihuon Woiyti x, a OM: WA IE RA SY BIT Lin Nas Nimen Waiyi xi you dudshao léoshi? zo hie RATA HA PR 2H, t- Wéng Xidoyun: Waid xi you ershibO ye ZhOnggud IdoshI, shiyl ge AE EVR. thin Ae? waigué léoshi. Nimen xi ne? a M: BU RG ARK, AM A ET Lin No: Women Hanyii xi hén dé. Wemen xi de ldosht yé hén 3, Aa HR PRM AS duo, you yibal ge. Tamen dou shi Zhongguo rén. aN & RA PH BM. Wamen xi méiyiu waigué Boshi. Aig] Bo was eet a do big, lange AUT, K2EBE 2349 op dudshan — hw many, how much aA, Saat EA A dud ‘many, much ya shéo few, less a Bak ov vihuon te like, to prefer BARIRIE, cE -98- +4 Bo waiyis foreign language HEEB, HB56 ak wai outside BON yi Iangunge SR ON waigué foreign country SHELA, SSB AE. Shale 65 Mw bai hunded 8, =H, =H, WH, AR RD FE a] Septementary Words LN che cary vehicle 2 ae N cidién dictionary aR oN ditnndo computer 4 BF N héizi child S## oN yee trondther on the father’s side 6 Shs oN Waigong franither on the nether side 7. REE ON xizhiirén chairman of the department 8. Bhat N ‘ZnO teaching assistant 9. EI N lashi lawyer 10. L4EIR ON gdngchéngshT —engincer Pt Notes | © 2m. “WE ic a modal particle exprcosing affirmation @ Karsan ‘The conjomation “#0” ie generally used to connect pn 8 HERE” AEE IB", TATE RURAL. “RI oa ‘lauses, and is seldom used to connect two verbs. nouns, oF noun pases, wot be used to connect two © RATA HH When the numeral “2" is used with a measute word in Chinese, the character “Pi is used instead of “—" For example: “PUI NUT", “Bit (we do not say “5K, =A"). When the numeral *2" is used 5 oe when its sed in a malti-digt ven if i is flloved by measure word. For example: “= ".D ietinte ‘One of the uses of "6" is wo make an oddltional remark. For example: FERRITE A. FEMA KH RTARTA ) BAK 6 ‘The adverb “A can be weed ive const "ck" means TBR", so RK” means “Ai means “TALE”. However, when “Jk” is used in an affirmative constriction, such as "AACE", “AAC "oF ALC Is often rmeanm “to eich” of “excessively” Ee MLMe tes KEY SENTENCI . RAE AT . ERA OA EAI? MAAR HAL? RAIA. MBit LARD AA PE RATS PAI? | SEG RA STAD HY ETE 1. SARE FAA Master the following phrases () mR ink aN ANA AN Mean A ame eA NR WAN MABE AEE (2) REE BI AUP A Gina RRR RUA MEE AIS SE daha tidmda RARA A A G) PHee PHFe TOMA FRR THES TRA Jp SORA MA MMAR SPER ALA 4) An 2 UNE AUER RATTLE eR RAVER ABE HE AMP (S) Rite AMARA UL AI HA EI ee eee @ @ @) @) ©) (6) 224, avy T2RRUE 233k RUE Bh OA are aL Tem TURAL BYA BP CREE ‘VELEER Pattern drills A BRAK? B ARABI A: HABA MAY B: eA PMA A: AL Ab MA? B: WAH PMA. ARAN A oh EA SRST : ANA IF ARK S 5 in RAS OO? AMARA ES. Pees ¢RMVRAILIAT 1: AVEROO A, BE EHA L L HE? RH, PREP RANA e-aa-T (heizi)? i AINE RAR ALBA HY eeee i RR MAMAN BRE FAKE SoA BoA 0% H 100%. 3 26498 9004 3 sone SIAA Tote at a RAR BYMA BYR Ta) # (che) & Ax (dianndo) | mseiasecciciony ——_| Be | ida. #&-F(halZl) ae 3 | BAI 2 B44 (2hiljido) 7 rere 15, | 5 BA 3 I) 4 aby (lishi) 1013. SSHxG01A C1 SAHRIE Solve the following math problems verbally (Eg 2a? 2—am(Hi0, plus\= RSH? B:-waks. (2) Eg. A; +524 (jin, minus) FHA SI? B: +ea+=R2. Q) Ee As wA(ohéng, times) 28 $2 B: WRZR+=. 4. @iBMF Conversation practice (AGERE Talking shout one’s family] (1) A: RIDRAL OAT As ABA TA ARAL? B: AA BA, 6 HE? AL RA Ay © Like be Cd) A: Q) 3) PPP Pere ree er er ee we EBA tg REA RH, 2 es 2 MERA INA? 2 Ueda ea & abot? MEE MAH Z TH? o REE? PER LAF LES WET A EL? Talking about one’s university) MAERABK? MERA SYD) EE REM Bak, 2 HA AAI BR BY FUN A EI + A ARAB I BD AMAA SEI AM AGS FUN A SPE RS MMR AOEL SRS? AM AEH WT ALG FA SY BM AB PYRE © HAE Bak sb A? RBs.‘5S. 22054639 Communication exercises (1) Induce your farily to your good friend. (2) Talk about your frends faily (3) Oue of your friends inquires about your department. How do you answer him/her? Pee TARAMERFE, WEREOA CE Mi LH Hb toh, RBBET ITA RP HA, BEEMER, LWEAKA, ATH (nin, year) (GiGN, ago) FIR AL APART A, MOR, THEA GS (Yinayt, English), 38 3 3 3278. PLL T Hho e RAR GBR, MATA SAB BF (hoizi) 3 Ape BF MAT Ak Aah sh Bete fe at K (Being), TARR ER HEA WED RE WREKES ER OS ERAKK ATOR, Rib RA-TDP AEM, FAMRIPDA, INGER ELE PBA, op RARE PALM. TAY MAAR IIE ROE, Take EDGR EM WH ihe eR © ‘PeAN 84 Sb HE (watipd) ab, 46 ALG, AATF AE (chéngchéng, often) F Sha EF AAUR RIP, 1, 111008996380 Numbers from 11 to 100 Nt Rt OB “19 0 =+ m 2 A St NSt- 2 “Sth 0 m+ ATI 90 ILE ~ A+ 100 ~8 BAP BATS BAT ARI BATS BATS 2. MGRNAEI Numeral-measure words as attributives Ja modern Chinese, numeral alone cannot directly function as an attributive to ‘modify «noun but must be combined with # measure word. All nouns have their own particular messure words Nu+ M +N Serer > tt see at ewe is the most commonly used measure word, applied before nouns referring to peoples ting, and units. (It is read an the neutral tone), “3K” is usually used before nouns of objects with a flat surface such as paper, photographs, ere! usinese card, ‘The measure word “LI” is used to express the number of people in a family when it is combined with “A For examples ILEA". In other eases, “7>" should be used. For example, “RQ AEA SATA” One connot say “RAWEN ETA." 3. “A” Sentences with “Ai” The sentence king the veh “AE as the main element of th fspretes possesion. is negative form is forme by adding the nvr (oes "7" cannot be wad ar) Ie V nt ¥ fn Sn A predicate usually before 4 (8+ #40 ft 8 ar | owe te | ares mute | ee |e | tote. RIK | BA | i | im AH J the aukject of sentence with lieing a work unit, place or lecaton, this kind of sentence with "7" is similar to the English sentence pattern of “D>” HIF] Questions with “JL” or “Z4>" ‘The quession pronouns “JL” and ">" are used to ask ebout numbers. “JL is often sed to ask about numbers less than 10, and a messure vom i needed betwen it and the noun, “82" may be used to sk about any number, and the measure word afer it i op sional JL+ MeN Bb CM) +N MRALELAL RMVB pA? REATOA, RMAAEOTEL.1, FAVA (1) Structure of Chinese characters(1) Stracturlly speaking, Chinese characters fall into two categories: ‘The single-compenent characters and the muti-component characters. AIL of the basic Chinese cheracters we have med so far are simple-component ch: such as "A", “FE”, “-", “F" The makicouponent characters contst of two “A1", HB", HE". The order of writing components in a characteris similar o the stroke order of writing a character. ‘There are Uince basic types of eonipnation for muli-component characters: The lefxight strctre © ‘or more components, such as “@" a. Equal left-nght; (the numbers: the figure indicate the order of writing the comeen.) 1/2 A ‘b. Small Jeft-big right io] ax Ih] ae . Big leftsmall right +p] 4 2 2. UEMAWF Leam and write hasic Chinese characters TL) J Ie 7 tow may 2 antes ok 24H X K PS sang ia 5 anes a @ AB) 7 AN (mane wt 3 antes 0% AnAAA Tang to 7 sakes 106 oR (AFtR wei have not 5 eteskee OR “FRR 4 Quin dog 4 strokes m ACR) "SER 6 vin clouds 4 stron > Tal abay ' (3) 7 Hamed uy sh8o. few less 4 strokes ' ot FE shi person 3 tron (10) RK (naa Gian to one 4 okes a a b Ih bi At D+ Wt Bankes (The meaning part 1s “8”, and the phonetic partis “8~) 6) # he. fos F +0 8 strokes: ~ (eizit6u) (the “yourgersbrother" wp) >” 2 strokes (4) sbi didi Be + Bo BH) Takes (5) & hai (#8) BOREL 7 stokes (6) —#& yigong woe 6 srohee (7) 44k meimei Bok te 8 strokes tes the character has « feminine connotation.) (The “female” side "4", i % (quoreipeng) the “dog” side) 7 3 strokes 7] (oacrt6u) (ihe “wrapping” top) 7 77 2 strokes (8) # gou Morj+aT+eu 8 stokes COR" ie the original character for “#1. We io writen oo “F" om the left side of “ge aacters indicating animals.) ” (dargziteu} (the “matching” top) 1 9 oe 2 stiches Al ihengshen) 14a 3 stches (9) 8% dangron (4 #8) Bm al 6 etrokes. Fhe Rte 12 strokes (The combination of « “eth” side, « “dog” side and « ic™ side, inating o rot dog meat over the fe", pradices the character, “f8", which eiginally ‘smeant “burning”. Now this character carries other ‘meanings. ) 0) Zhen a 10 stokes A) TH kei OTe) Ror pty mw 10 strokes. & sho 7 * 5H 4 stmkes (12) & méi MrT +h 7 strokes 3) 8 nén Bowtnh 7 merckes (14) & ZU0 Bo, + rey 1 strokes aa J Pg 5 suchen (5) 2-4e gongzuo Wo 4 + 7 stokes (16) % 3 dusehoo BrR+S 6 stokes -105-(0) sk xthuon (4-9) Bott wt oe + — 4+ OF remn hoe, ek 6 artes (On the left side of a multi-component character. the second stroke of *Y" ix written as an extended dot.) (18) 9b woivd (338) Soba h 5 etrokce [ent and Relatives While the Chinese words for “methee”, “son”, and “daughter” are used in sways similar to what we find in English, addressing clings and rlaives is fey complex in Chinese. Two principles gover how Chinese family members are addressed: 1) relatives ‘on the paternal side are distinguished from those on the mothe’ side; end 2) age relative to the speaker is taken ‘The English words “gandfaher” and “gandaother” can cfer wo grandparents on either the father’s or mother's side. In Chinese, on the other hand, one has 10 indicate whether they are the father’s or the mothe’ parents. The perents of ones faber are suf “eraniae ther” ard zumu “grandmother” and are informally clled yeye “grandpa” and naina’ “rand swe". Hmever tae teas for one's mode's paren are xoeyf “maternal grander” and twoiura “maternal grandmother”, and in spoken Chinese, aigong (or laoye), and waipo (6r laclan), meaning Hierlly “materl grandpa” and “maternal grawina” reepectively In Chinese special tcrme indicate whether slings are alier or younger than the speak: cx. For instance, instead of term equivalent to the English “brather", Chinese has gege “elder brother” end didi “younger brother”. Silay, “elder sister” is jeje, and “younger Sint” i mcimei Iw Chinese, one mat always he sure to differentiate between elder and to consid younger siblings and use the correct term. ((sse oes arse es | "thy | cm eh, and pu al nw ak te | ted bili ofa an wl begin an te de ves i, tn yn a Chis, “oo hate | aT oe ee 1d jinnién érshi sui Esha: hm, BZD oR RP Weng Xigoytin: Lin Na, ni zénmeyang? Mang bu méng? HK M RAR BR Re Lin Na; W6 jintian hén mang. zo be: WK Lt th A RA aRY Wang Xiéoytn: Mingtion shénowti ni you méiyau ke a AR XX BM I? Lin No: Mingtiain shi xingh jiz z WAR 2& Bh, Weng Xideyun: Mingtian shi xingaisi -m-a He RF, FR AR. Un Nos WO shongwi, xigwt dou you Ke. E ba: KAMA A BB? ‘Weng Xidioytin NI xinggitt you shijian may BMA RIG? xingqin shi |r naoy £ ve: BMA RTA RTLKF, RK # Hh BH, Wang Xieyun, xinggin shi shiyue ershiq) hdo, shi Song Hué de shéngri a R GP AZ Z KPe Un Nos Shi ma? To jinnién dud da? Eo owe: RF H-AAD> # +A =+eEH BA, Wong Xidoytin; Sang Hud yi jiti ba er nién shiyus ershigr A chushéng, Be WORDS at # sho gou. Ta jinnion ersht sul, a he RMLAL® Lin Na- Ta shi nar rénz Eo be: MR RE ALM SEL Me EF RE, Weng Xiéoyun: Ta shi Béijing rén. Ta baba, mama dou zai Béiing, Ewa FR RM APRA, PT Me ah Xingaifl xigwit women yBu yi ge johul, zhihe t de 2H, ALKA HH HL Se KR Kim? shéngri. Libo, Dawei dou qu, ni canjia bu canjiar am, KTR fm, PA A 2H Lin Na: Tei héio let WS dainardn cénjia. Zhonagus rén shénari vt BR? chi dangao maz Eo bk: % Kak, W6ng Xidoyin: Chi dangao. aK OH HR R-AK BH, HB? Lin Nas WO mdi yf ge da vangdo, he ma? Ze: Wang XiGoyun: Hao a. Wé mai liéng ping héngpttagjt a ok 1 ae s 2.8 93, BAR HDR 5 6 2H 1b & arr F 2 2m8 “0 F uaa & 2k % K Be as 14. 15. Ba a 16. HU R g222 Pe jinnion nin oul zénmeyeng jintian ke xinggt shangwii shang awit xia Xinggiri hoo shénori sheng duo da dus da ‘chtishéng cho shi johui hui zhohe zho BH RR HM BHHB. tis year year 20024, 20004, 19985, —#, PHAR year (of age) TB HAR, S19, SbAH De fa om RAUB, HEH today SEL, SRR class; leon AUR, ULBIR, SCALIR, IR, PEE week EM, B=, BBUL, TM rmoming BRL, NLP shoves last EI, EAA, NF iernoon EEE, RE below; next ha, PUB, FA Sunday FLL, REAP day of the month RABI, + 3 Dirhdley AMEE, aE to be bom how old BK how old to be bom 1982464 to 0 out; to come out to be bom in the year of 29, 5 ecvtogethers panty ORE, BTA meting to congratulate UH to wish aeae Vv cénjia 1 participate; to attend 2s mh (modal potica/expeet partial) vot to eat N — dangdo cake —-HERE, absent N dan ee N goo cake v mai to buy SHURE M ping ote NRéngpttaojiti sed wine RECA A héna red NX pitao epee, AG N jit wine oF liquor PN Song Hud (name of « Chinese student) PN Béiing Beijing R # RA 2H BH, Song Hud, zhé shi shengri dangao. tk AA TR! © Zhu nit shengri kudilet Rf: itt, FA TR. NOR AR Bx. Song Hud: Xiexie. Dangdo zhén pidoliang. Nimon Idi we hén géoxing. HAM: AR gM ok a HE aw BR ok Ma Dawei: Jintian women chi Baling kéoya. WS hén xihuan cht sth. @ kéoyo. BA HA i? Women hé shénme jiti? z Wa: GR BRR, aU ob eh, ® Wang Xidoyun: Dangran hé hOngputagjii, women hai chr shoumian, Ak dh % Fm? h FBR, Lin Nae Chi shoumiane Zhen you yisi RB: KM, 2 Rm RK? Song Hud: Lin Na, nif de shénari shi nd tian aR Hi +-A += 4%, in Na; Shiyiyué shi’er hao, RH: +-A +2 AM BR RE ait, Sng Hud. H&0, shiyiyue shi'er noo women zai Idi shoumién, AEA Woe BUR A uate hapey ee 2A pitoliang —prety,beauiu nice BUREN, atsetoaRE THbo roast duck JENS, age % Nya dtc 8 ve to doh a, RNB (KaNE!) 3% Adv 26 coin AK, BEE, Fe, pee 6 ae N ShOuMIdIN (hivihday) Longevity noodles HEAT & N min odes$b FCA ia] Sothern 1 MEN weinahong evening 2 PR N zhéngeain Chines feed a Wester food ae N cha, tea 53K N kale coke 658 N xuébi Sprite 1. FG N pila beer eRe N hanbao Inamburger 9h NN regu td 10: = -N —midnbdo ead WN ritndi walk 12. RR N mifan (cooked) rice ite a ® WEAN This is also a form of greeting used among acquaintances and friends. and is similar to ~sse08 ° @ jana? The phrase “F887 " does mot rise « question her, but exprestes mild surprise onthe pat of the spraker concerning sumthing that he/ahe does ex know. For exanples As TARA REREAUR ARABICA B: Big? Satine it expresca doubt or mulety when receiving prise. (See Lesson Eleven.) B borer Here *-" is an adverb, followed by an adjective, The phrase “2 + A" is used to raise a question, and in this case “Jc” refers to age. In asking about age in Chinese, one has to choose different forms far different groups of people. “HAE 2:2" ean only he weed to ask the age of an adult, or people of the eame generation as the speaker. When asking the age of a child, we usually say “#K4-4E JL B1~, and when asking the age of an elderly person or those older than the speaker, a ‘more polite form has to be used, which will be taught in Lesson Eleven, 6 DRE IAAT HH i ig customary for the Chinese to desigaste one’s year of bicth sevunling 10 twelve ani= tals, which are arranged in the following order; rat, ox, tiger, rabbit. dragon, snake, horse, ram, monkey, roster, dog, and pig. These form « twelve-year eyele. For example, the year 1982, 1994 and 2006 are all designated “dog” years. The people who are hora in these years are said to “belong to the year of dog", whit, Chinese, is weiter as “Iii 4H". ‘The years 1988, 2000 and 2012 are dragon years. Those who are bor in these years all “Be. ® UH 2HILAL This is an expression usually used to ask someone's place af bith 1 an aloo bo acid es “ABBEILA? ", with “J8° omited: and in answering “HEJL", it is usually necessary to specify a province, city, or county. When asking about rationality, we use the expression “mA? * © RAGE BURY ‘This is familiar form of expression used to give greetings to someone on his/her birth- day. “Beffir~" is used to express good wishes, sometimes with the implication of “congratu- Tnting in advance”, wherese “BURR” is comely useal 10 congrat thing that is alresdy known or has already occurred. For example: As BUF EIA AANG (ichiin, to get married), Bs WIR! © Fear MAS A verb or a verbal phrase can funtion as the object of the predicative verb. For ‘example fie AK RCE AE. © Rie Am. When celebrating tnthdays, a traditional Chinese custom is to eat “longevity noodles” ‘The length of nonilles symbolizes “longevity” arnd Practice LAG KE LMEFATH 6 3. BM AALE? 4 EHREERR RAR? 5. Hh RASS op a oe 6. RRA EA, G7 7 PREAH 8. FUE A BURY 1. SXF PVA Master the following phrases (DFREF WAFS AAAS EH LRH LEME LEMS TH RMLLA BMAP AARTS TS FEM FEMA FEMS EE Q) -ALOF ME ANE BARGE ANLOFLA AAA RE =OO0FD REE = OO= sex G) PR HABA LRM ZARA MR ARS QD RFHED ORD RATS HER Lea (3) ROR AER fA ae 2. ATRUF Pattern drills (1) A: FRACLADLE? B SART-AAS. alia A: RRR al B WRAEIO. Paces x (2) A: SAEGREREBA? 28 — amExa AGRREMA, REM Ie iratatastiets BMEMR RARE B ALFAR, FEAR. s WN 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 (4) (5) ©) D (8) A: EARLS B PMHeL+AAt LS, A: BAA AT B: We MAR. RELA HE? ib RILALIRA, IATL Ay Olah BBE FERIA, PReRE ANE RAH sR FAATR URE. FREI FRE. Pe ee Ar HOMES KY em A: Mei LD Bom B RH RN ROATIT, A: SRARLA? B RALEA, A LRA? Bi aI ARIR I. AA AOIY 6 FR 0? RE RB I. 2 REG Mts WRI? : ET RE AK epee ERE ATMGNOIO BH FORE “iby 2m Fit TAR (kee) AMIE 19 1A68 2 «34128 2» ane Life (Shanghai) 24% (Wengéhud) $ fe 5 (Duolunduo) 42.85 (Nitiyus) #e%(Lundan) E/E (hanbdo) Apwa(regou) | Aet-si & (mignon) | & # Cus!) 193. BAF FFU Answer the following questions () FALE AY (2) HA SARI (3) ~#EMANKT CO) +-ARS PRE (5) F-AANARMR? (6) FRALANF? ZHI? (7) EMRANG? (8) BMA MAE A? (9) aM GHAY (10) BK BF (chO)H? 4. S184 Conversation practice [242 Making an appointment] (1) As des eaRE tee? A: BMAF A a eb? unk apt B: ABT, ASRS, As baa obi G? B. +=$REMS57 A B A 2 BR FLGREMG, MN FFAARS MB K Go? 2 xF-8Ax (uIbUgT),, + Bt (kKOngpa) Ar (xing). +: &X A(méi guonxi), [isl4p fee #1 4h Asking about someone's age and birthplace) () A: ISK? Br RORATAGH) A: HME HRSA DRAG ED 2 Rk HY atti. = -120- (2) Ar BAMLA? A Lae (Shanghai)A, EERE LH? AONB. q fem apy Mra AL AAR AE 2 HPF Apa (haizi)eg7 RH-TERT HEARIT See @) PPerpope> ge TRICE Celebrating sumeone’s birthday] C) As FRM ARM RAR MORAY B: AWA R wear AMT aR, Be RAPT ANS Hi EAHA (2) As DRAM ED Pt RAY Be afta. Abn a, da a ae 5. 386K%23 Communication exercises Your fiend is tying wo mike an appointment with you. Please reply according to your schedule for next week: |e =n 0 Gia | ee wonshong) AbacaCee KER BIg) HOHE A AA, 1982, AE EMAMATY MED, BREF WMEMAMA-ARS, Zs Fy I TAA KRG A EH HAL a (didn, store). 35% 40 dB % 3. MAME RR PETG R HME DRT HAT AG RAMANA RO A ih fot, [iecicanas | Rate Bah aap 1. 46 HAUBIH Expressing the date and days of the week 4m Chincoc, the fou figures making up the name of year are read out as four separ rte numbers and “2” is put at the end. For example: IME yi jie fi ba rien Fling ling ling nin ting ling er nian ling yr ting nin ‘The ames of the 12 months are produced by combining the cardinal numbers 1 to 12 with “F1", For example Fl yiyue——aruary tA qye july Fi eryue February AR boyd August Sonus March RAL jityud September sue pail +H shiyud October woyus May +=A shiviyud November AR Wyss une FSA obi erye Deventer =n ‘The names of the dates are produced by combining, casdinal numbers 119 30 (or 31) with “"(spoken form) or *E* (written form). For examples (ae (eryua) lid hao February 6 CHASE (ehiyudy chr er hao Ouuber 12 CH-ADEA=H (shiyue) ershirer i November 22 (FSADS4—A (shi"eryue) sonshiyi December 31 4 one mentions « date in the current month, one can omit “1” and simply say ‘The cardinal numbers from 1 to 6 fallow "JE" to express Monsday to Saturday. ‘The name for Sunday is “HSI” (spoken form) or “J FH" (written form) xinggivl Monday S297 nga Friday = xinggi'ér Tuesday SBA xingaTid Saturday nanggfoan Westy ARH xmggn — Sunday xingaist Thursday ‘The word order for expressing the date and days of the week iss oe + Ham S008 FA tH me 200% 12H 25H eM 2. ZEATMLAVALEEARIE Words expressing time as adverbials Word expressing time, euch ax “BLE, “QIR", OPP 1-8" can fimetion 4 adverbials to indicate the time of occurrence of an action or a state. Adverbals of time (Time-When) can be placed either (1) afier the subject and before the main clement of the eden or (2) before the oukject to emphasize the tine S + TW + wo Predicate Subject — | TW vosa | ame |e tra 539 # | eR E ae PBA | #8 | Rete | ge a | terion | ee, R DR a teTW + S$ + vor TT - 7 ATL itt ett Vv o 7A Le tK ARH wy amar Ri a —tRe. SR Ral 7 HHT. nARS ain BOK wm lio DR R tt Notes 1. Adverhials of time (Time-When) cam never be placed afer the predicaive verb For example, one eamot say “RRAISEISBSR” ‘2.1f there is more than one word expressing time in one adverbial, a lange unit of time should be put before @ smaller unit. For examples “Mi 42", "53H RA" 3. ZA01VHHB4) Sentences with a nominal predicate Nouns, noun phrases, and maneral-measure words can funetion directly as the predicate f 4 sentence and do not need the vesb “2°. This kind of sentence 1s especially used 10 ex- press age, price (see Lesson 10), and so on. In spoken language, itis also used to express time (see Lesson 11) or bisth place. Subject ep _ ae 4. FAKE? "HFA Using “KRG? ” to ask a question Questions with “HEH? "are often used to give @ suggestion oF to esk for ‘The first part of such a question is a declarstive sentence, vane". RINR— FAR Le Te AFIK (youyng) 72 ed: TL Some examples of affirmative answers arc: “ATH, “AP, RAPT. opinion. snd its last pat eam alan he “Uf 1. FAVA (2) Suucture of Chinese characters (2) The left-right structure @ Paul lefmiddle-right fobs] Gb ag 2. USBARF Leam and write basic Chinese characters o> 7 AALS pee dey 4 cakes a # ree ee niin yer 6 sinks oR Ce Mae ER ot © okies wok crit tage Gea) she ber) 8 sokes i wo) £ Tre + shang abe 3 stokes (Pacing “" on ty of "=" means “aboxe”) ou oF rnc won 4 stokes ok e eob hak cht giveame out 5 states CLI" denotes a cave, and “4” denotes one foot stepping out of the eave.) 8) @ (4a) rin oodles oO ini ie 9 strokes ns(3) # ke CR) o F De Ro +R Wate sh come 3 strokes (CP denotes dead body or a carcass) (4) 294 xinggt an T fica lie iieiee 9 wks (price) 2 token MrOR+A 12 stokes ay RA) + toe SR “F (nds) (he “nambes” bttom) =p SU ching insect; worm 6 strokes (3) ¥ hao (2) i TPO 5 strokes (1) FF TUT or cor 6 atrokes: (6) & shit (A) By Pit Ry 12 tee wy fe q to beg 3 strokes Rij) AHR 6 strokes (7) $e jOhul GeAr) on : et Rot tem 16 arkes (he four dt “A sa or gain sce) BoK+H 6 sakes ay KH) EHH H (shizipong) (the “manifestation” side) "7 74 4 strokes tu head 5 strokes (8) aU zhuhe (att) ct P, Re F + 9 strokes uy K TRE Be HorArasen 9 sakes wo ile 4 strokes . (9) °*& chi 3. ASWICHAIE Leam and wnite the Chinese characters appearing in the eo ate 6 stokes, oa (Go we meth “* w eat “") (1) # sul (aR) x my (pizit6U) (the “foot” top) ~ T FF IR 5 strokes x Wty a (10) 4% dangao (2) & AA zenmeyang (4548) & 7R+K 1 strokes BR +S 9 atnkes Bre+a 16 stokes < (On the teft side of a character, the sixth stroke in “3E" is written as a i Roti in ter, 1 ke in Rin writen asa dit)i (hénggou) (a horizontal stroke with » hook) 1 stoke (11) & mdi CH) Kam + K 6 strokes (12) #& ping Ho’ +e 4k 10 strokes (13) héng (4) woe ee ** (cBozitou)(the “grass” top) =~ 3 strokes Ww Tanna 7 sre Fw Tb ebb de 6 sckes (14) #j 8 putao Hoes. gee 12 strokes Barr + t+ & U1 strokes Byu "Tannae 7 okies (15) i jit > i+8 10 strokes PB (senpieE\ (the “Aeedownwant-stokestothelef” side) 7 4% 4 atrokea (16) $4" Canjia (4-40) ROh+tk 43 8 stokes (1) R4e Song Hua (RH) Ro tk 7 strokes Bm We 6 strokes 4d haa 3 strokes (18) &% Béijing aw 4+ 5 strokes 12 > + tp FE (tzipeng rahe “Avision” side) 7 2H (19) BAR KUdile (He) Rooter ® (atc) (the “west” pp) (20) $€3% pitinliang Boi + ee ot HoT +e 21) 3496 kevya (8594) Mor eee g Car- 5) wore CPIM, By (2) * he Bae te Pt at (23) Ap shoumion (#98) tort + 8&4) + 8 strokes 4 strckos 7 strokes 6 strokes 14 stroke © stroker 10 strokes 10 strokes 12 strokes 7 strokesa >) [Barsining for discounts in China can make shopring | spite an experience! This lean will show you how Chinese | camerey is used Now is a chance to tlk mere about eure you will loam how to dseribe your Hikes interes, think ofthe right thing to sey loo eat wat te dy aon 3008 "4 46 ROL et Wo zai zhér_- mdi guangpan EbK: KA, tA ILE HA? Wang XiGoytin; Dawdi, ni zai zhér mai shénme? BRA: & KR TR Keo Ma Dawei; Wo mdi yinyue guangpan. EA: te aR BULB? Wang Xidioytin: Ni chéngchéng Idi zhér ma? BKA: RAR FRM LMR HK FR R Mé Dawéi: Wo bu chang Idi zhér. Xinggiti¢n w6 chéngehang gen mek BH HR HR KP Lin Nai xiGo shéngchéina. Zhé ge shénachéna hen da Eve: EK HA FR? Wang xlooyun; INr xihuan shénme yinyue? BRA: A ok FR PR Teese? Sikes and dikes Ma Dawéi. Wa xahuan Zhénggué yinyus. xk RH BAH? Zhé zhang guangpan zénmeydng? Ee: zk kK RG, 2 (RR), Rh AA Wang Xidoyun; Zhé zhang hén héio, shi (Lidng Zhb}, hén youming. BRA: H, RR RL RK, BLA RA fo He Ma Déwéi, —H&o,w8 mai 2hd zhGng. Zhér you méiyou sha he boo? Ee: LIL RH HF, & RA HR. W6ng Xidoyun; Zhér méiyou shi, yé méiydu bdo. BKA AF BR? Ma Dawei: Bnzi ne? Bae: A, AME. RRR, RR AF, Wang Xidoyén; You, zéi nér mai. Gen wo Idi, we ye indi benz AB Ag] Som Went we Prep ZOL ats ims on #ESK, CEE AERUL 2d N— guangpén co aKa 3K N vinyue music BRA, HRA eR 4.91% = N ——shingch6ng markets bazaar; shopping mall £1885, FESS a N shang teades commerce 3.87% Ads chémgchéng oflen 9, aA, ae, wm € Adv chang often ASR 6.5K Prep/V gan with/te follow HRW, RRMA, MARE LAL A yduming famous AH BiG. AZ ABE a # N sho ook SE, BES, ARO, BB 9. N bao. newspaper Set, FR 10 AF N benzi notebook —TAF, RAF 1. ABIL Pr nar there BIL, CEB IL 12, RA TN Lidng Zhi (name of a Chinese violin concerto) aRE, BR Hare Xiansheng, nin yao shénme? KH, WS HM, RR HA? Ni hdo, shifu. Gingwen, zhe shi shénme? RAR BR R FRR, Nin bd rénshi ma? Zhé shi xiGngjiGopinggus. Ss T AR: HAR, A RA: RP RB BA HIE }; Duibugi, w6 shi wen; Zhé ge Hanyl zénme shud? MT, RB A.B A ML THY A, nin shi waiguo ren. Nin zai nar gongzuo? T Ak KR AR FR FA, + WO zai Yiyan Xuéyudin xuéxi. & PARE, RA RO HRM A FR RM BH: Nin xuéxi Hanyti, shi bu shi? Nin gén w0 xué, hén rongyi: a > Fh, Rm SRFR, HR UR Zhe j1G0 xiGngilo, Zhe jIG0 xiangjiGopinggud, zhe yé shi FR, MR Ha) pinggud, n& shi puitao-. T Wik: BR RR RRR ORR Ding Libd; Xidingjiao, pinggud, xiangjiéopinggud---, yi jin pinggud 2 w7 SY BE TR Seog dubshoo giéne SEL Yi jin san kuai er mao qian. T AR: HH FR K He Ding Libs; Nin de pingqud zhén aul HF RoR BA, RH ER KH, Situ; Yi jin san kudi ér bd gui. Nin kan, wo de pinggud dé, Héo, ae MA, wh R-Fr Zud go péngyou, sn kudi gién yi jn. T ARH SR SP RP Ding Lib6; Yi jin xiangjiao dudshoo gién? 7 BH RERLAA-F,k RR AA ‘Shitu Liéng kudi gi méo wii fén yi jin, wii kudi gidn lidng jin. TARR KS H FR MH HF SEER. Ding lib, Wé mai san jin xingjido hé liéng jn xiengiieopinggud. —k +k Ro AR B-H FR, AB Yigong shisi kudi gidn. Zai song nin yi ge pinggué. Nin héi & Ha? yoo shenme? THR: RT, Wi Pt Re Ding Libé: Bu yao le. xiéxie. Géi ni qidn. HH, Be Rob Kk BR RK wR OB. Hao, nin géi wd érshi kudi gién, wo zhdo nin lit kudi gidn. BL. Zaijian. T Ask: BR Ding Libo; Zaijiant AE ay Now Went LAR N xidnsheng Mr; sir SRG. EAE 12 & Vv yao to want Bt, MENA 39 oN shifu master worker FENN, EG 4. FRFER NN xiangjiaopingguo apple with a banana taste —-/V#ARACR N xigngjiGo Is Fe oeBR #5. PRA 0 &A 18h 8 3) 9 10. 1. 34%) 12 &(%R) +1 14 Rk 15. (HR) 16, 3% W& 18. RCP) a<< pinggué duibuat cennne réngyl piltao qian in kuicgion) mao(qian) gu ub fen(qian) song @i -zhdo(qién) SIE] Scene We ezzez22222228 yuan br zt fen bén bei shuludyuan uni pianyi shadian: ‘ttyuguon mai apple AR Tin sorry ow BAW, BAM, BAA, Asset cosy RES, ER, TER, AE pe money 28 (easure word of weight,equal to 500g) FOB, wr (measure word of asic Chinese monetary unit, equel to 10%): dellar FAR, $i, SAR (weasure word of Chinese monetary unit, equal to 1/10 38); dime PEE, AEE expensive,precious Mt, ER, TA, 78H Ae. ce (measure word of Chinese monetary unit, equal to 1/100 58); cent AER, ASP to give(as a present) REAL, SAI to give ilk, OTM. oR, HeerIE to give change HR te bey to make (Whe same as "SR", but used in writen language) pen (care word for sicklike things scl as pens) Civeasure wor for publications such as newspapers) ‘measure word for books and notebooks) cup of shop assistant; salesperson aad D RR. When the demonstrative pronoun “3X” or “#5” 18 used as an attibutive, measure word is generally inserted hetween it and the noun it modifies For instance: “SEaE IEA", “meade”, “aba. @ KA BAP Jn addition to being, used as a general form of adress for a male adult. “A: ean be teed as a tile of respect to address @ senior scholar or specialist, regardless of sex. Sometimes @ woman also uses “A236‘E" to refer to her husband ‘The tun oxpenssione “BEE? ", “MEERA? *, are commonly wed to ask what semeone wants. Shop clerks or hotel attendants often use these phrases when offering help to customers. ® Sei wie. “SH1™ is a respectful form of address for workers, and people in the service trades. It ‘may be used to address taxi and bus drivers, ticket sellers, cooks, and hotel stall. There fc @ tendency now to increase the sane of ity umige. Sometimes the people mentioned above: also use it to address people of other trades and professions. @ RGM BEAR? “Lam (What i this in Chinese? )” “284+ VP" is often used to ask about the ways one should act or how one should do something, “2” is an adverbial, modifying verbs. For example; “ZEAih2 "28417 “Rak magn hhow to eay this in Chinese. @ BRING AL? Toy KURT” (or “=, $2852") ja a sentence patter we ise to express opinion or speculation. wih the expectation of » reponse from the Tstnoe, The affimative orm to this question is “JEFF! , and the negative answer is “AS(JE)". For example: ‘As ORES BLE sB07 Ds A FRA He “low much i one jin of apples? **—-f--See>4R7 " is a common sentence pattern we use to ask the price of something when shopping. This is a sentence with the noun phrese as the predicate. The predicate “4 2487 is placed immediately alter the subject "“—JFFI. Note that the first part (the subject) and the second part (the predicate) can be inverted. We may alse say's A: BORO? B Ire Although the official Chinese system of wright: and measures stipulates that (géngjin, kilo)” is the basie unit, people are still secustomed to using the “Fi, which is equivalent to half a kilogram. In a super market or department store, people do not usually bargsin over the prion, bbut when shopping in a free market or at a stall, they frequently bargain, © —FEWAE Be ‘The vatious monetary ite in ALT (REneinbI), the Chinese cureney ae yun)", “fi (jiéo)”, and “44 (#én)". In spoken Chinese, we often use “Se (KUdi)’ for *7E", amd“ (60)" fon “fa. When E" om “9h atthe end, “EER and “aye can be omitted. For example: 11576 — EEE GME) 4807, — wue/CERR) Note; When "2" is at the beginning of an amount of money. people say “i”, When “254 is at the end of an amount of money, the expression “—J}" is often used. For example: 0227%— WER © KET wie. Na, thank” En KEY SENTENCES | A BIB ARK. FRE HRD BRLLE-Tr BAM TH AUR PR AB IL, BIER, . Ht APRA . RARE EAR? 16. 1. SAF PUL Master the following phrases () BRAM RAE MRS MAMA RR ANE (2) Rk LAH aR FER RU TUR O) APASa fobmct RRR Ree 2, AYR Pattern drills WA B: @) (3) weer ee eID? RATE FRET 6 BEDARD A B ASTER, A: B: ARIE, Hebe RET EEA MIL tee PAE TAR, 2 RBA A AE? He RHE, eas? js ARS BARE. EMRE EEML? EMRE REID. eset 3B 397 BRA Ba RA RE RR RE M3 MAR RAR RIB HALE DEI BARR RAE Ah A Mite Vie Boke OR AR FEL Be FIRE AIL mL AI fe ALA RAR RIOR LA IT 4% ST (shounuoyuan) LH HR (2udiG) Fe BE 4/5 (shidion) AMA HAR (tiyoguin) BK AEA (KBoyadion) AH 13(4) As Rsk? BE B; fei Hem He te. HH BiG HLA Cpidnyiy AD ERR SE ZH AH AES B: ARABI. Tee RAH AM oT ae —kRH mF RAF 3s TA NER BH (6) A BR LG i 8K | B AFGLHH. —RS YR? =X (zh) E (bi) 735% Ar RAIA. TARA (Fen) 12.60 % (1) Ac RASH RK? WAGER 2 RABEL] BHO M AK, BR eh mR ' Lee A IL ob He FEA YEH 8 3 6 RMR A 3. BASRA OSE FAG Practice the following exercises verbally with one classmate A game of giving change Eg. RBA RBS BARREL SA HRERMAM REE, BAREORLER, (1) Ar ~ 87.69%, 406 BOA BAR O) Ay = #13124, REISE, BAR (3) Ar -R2278%. AIO. BAI (4) Ar — R349, AUOESOD, BAU (5) Ar #84924, 8201000, BAUR 4. TSE FURS] EPRI Change the following declarative sentences into questions with interrogative pronouns (1) 24 BHAA Bo (Ask two questions) OQ) -FRABRLEM, (Ask three questions) (3) ik 42 HEH. (Ask four questions) (4) RAFAT A ii 4 & (mdi) HM. (Ask five questions) (S) AMER RR HEAR, (Ask six questions) 5. S235(82) Conversation practice [8K A Fak Likes and dislike} (1) As Ahbaktt A$ ak? Bice Se Ay Meakomg Re By Bat. He ARSH NR, (2) Az Aiboak teak (zhexue)? B.R___ ake A: BERAEE KELLER RE, (3) A: BABEAH? Bi RABAAH. HARKER? Ar RURKEKS [9540 Shopping] (1) A: BRA? By SA FAR a he A: Haat, Beg A: BREF, BESIT B: ARTS Ay o BERET RR —»(2) Az dvd ILA AF? B: Mo MA ARIE IL, As SRA? Be RA__ 1A. As WARES Bs AvRAF. A: AL, EBA, Be 3, o BERIT AREBL, (3) A: AZ, BRAT B: A&R — 4s (DEI) ott (ROLE!) As ERE? Be RET iit, o RMT Uefei AHA Solving language problems) (1) A: HARI Za? B: PAK ALA Soil, C; AM 44 (CIDION) , RAR, AL att 2) As 295, “cheap” 5484 Zak? B, Ai (pidnyi) 2 AKFA A, (3) A: SRB MEL? BPR, THERM (y! didn), ©. BHR Make a dialogue based on the picture (2050 Inducing and idemifying. people] (1) As HAR? RIM — Fo ae EEL iA, Be RRMA Ce DHE LAH Sip Dh H & ; ian @ wees, | Yo kM? Ww ASe. OV Vd BAMLAD AMAR F- Ll + MRA B05 2 9G yy AB. ro MAGRER oe RM PLB FH 7 (it) nici] Oa makin? 1H, 75? AeA? BRAR___ \ @ antenecmer Fo | MD Takia TainEng, ar) RA. by yf f) DLA AMILT BAW] ee 7. 2ERRAEII Communication exercises 1) Talk to your classmate about what you like or dislike. 2) Your classmate is salesperson in a store and you are a customer, PUNE SRA EMRE FIRMED. ARABIA, ARH (dongxi, Ang) LARS o MANAEMILET RAL, Eb Aw, HAAR PE Roe EDK tt APRA? EZRA LS SPM AL Sho MAMAN, HH, REI, BRABLE H fotki SAGAR mein # LREM, GRLDRLEA-F AED),BKABE ELH EK (shidion), MAH ELRK, BRS ete HE KA LAG. PHRRH, FAAP SREB BMA. HH ok Pp HAA (Gongtu), BAAR B-ACP ABR). umm was studied. “Z" is also @ preposition. When combined with words expressing location (usually @ noun or phrase), it forms s prepositional phrase. It is used before the predicative veh to inicate re hcatins of at ation. ‘Supject a | Prep “#6” +N ceeeeeem See Seer ® we a x def. & ML Tite tt WB te FBG Fe ‘The prepesition *FR~-" is often combined with a noun or pronoun sfier it to form prepositional phrase and used in front of the predieative verb to indicate the manner of an B+ P/N (penon) + VO Note: The prepositional phrases “fE: cannot sey “SRE AEE EE BET," HARB aa 2. SRI BHAAHHAT (1) Sentoncce with double objects (1):#%J% Some verbs can take two objects, one in front, referring to peoples the other, following, referring to things. H/ik + PY/N (person) + NP(thing) Note: Not all Chinese verbs can take double objects. 3. Bein AM predicate Many sentences with an adjectival predicate have been studied so far. In this kind of sentence, an adjective follows the subject directly and does not need the verb “2. If there fre np ober adverbs such as "HE", “Jc” or 7" before the adjective, the adverb “fl” is vsually placed before it S+#@+a FRE RAR Alto RAHA, In this kind of sentence, if the adjective does not have an adverb before it, the sentence thas the meaning of comparison. For example: RIT MCAS RAFAL HME. ) ‘The meaning of “8 here is not so obvious. “FARE” and “RAL” are not much diferent in degree. In V/A-not-V/A questions, “fl” cannot be used. For exemple: "#%% FB?” One cannot say “HAR HAMM? *1. WLHGHHG(3) Structure of Chinese characters (3) The top-bottom structure: 4, Baual toprbattn 2 b. Big top-small bottom T 2 , Small top-big tom 2 4. qual top-midale-bttors —_ z a 2. UGBAWF Loam and write basic Chincoe characters “SNR a zhou @ 2 mip @ KY) ue OR 2 Ba) sho ae Toye oH fa Ke oR —THRR bi en eat of & tee 5 stkes (The “—" at the Botom of indicates the ret) + Hore ping fat 5 strokes @ FFE HA kK Pu walk 7 kes & (The ancient character looks like a person running.) oO& eB ont 3 aes an emp oe we cae 5 sakes an W 0 JAD oom 4 sks ay & 1 KARL in gold 8 strokes a3) FF “SPR in (measure word) 4 strokes (The ancient character resembles an axe. Tt ig used ax a vnit of weight now) ay & “724 60. (dime) 4 strokes asy & - NRK 98 an ancient weapon 4 strokes3. UBM HALF Leam and write the Chinese characters appearing in the texts (1) 4 guangpan (tA) hore 6 sree aot m 11 strokes (2) FAK yinyue (HR) #-a+a 9 kee 3 (tuzipang) (On the left side of « character, the thin stroke of “4” is writen a an ‘upward stroke. It is called the “earth” side.) - * 5 3 strokes Fy (crongetbian) (the “arena” side) 494 3 strokes (3) #)4% shdngching (ag) Bone vet + + 2 a cates hmorhi kh 7 sures * (chongeiéuy(ihe “cna” py 9 5 stokes (4) 8% changchéng oP + oe 1 strokes ¥ (azipéng) (On the left side of « chamcter, the seventh stoke in *J2* is writen as an upward stoke.) TYEE 7 sero (9) sR gen Ros +R 1B strokes P (clarrerctuo)(the “single-car” side) ? 2 strokes (©) AR boo 4K) Mops Pee 7 srokes Fh (\era2i¥60) the “miller” comer) II Te 4 strokes () RR Ling Zh Rr p+ BtR 11 strokes as 7 (towéinig)(the “tildess ox" top) 7 (8) && xiGnsheng > ee (9) & yoo Bor ik (10) eA shitu (FFE) Hw 94+ 84+ (The meaning side is 4", and (uy i sergio #-A+O Bore eam (02) ER pinggud (sR) Pome (The mesning is indicated by *“" (a) aloRaS dulbugl (41 6 4¢) oe tp okt (14) EH réngyi E> +A~+7 Hr%4h 4 strokes 6 strokes 9 strokes 12 strokes honetic side is “#".) 9 strokes 15 strokes 8 strokes 5 strokes 10 strokes 10 strokes ® otros + and the pronunciation is indicated by “JE")invipeng) the “neta” side). (On the left side of a character. “A in writen wey PERE 5 saokes (as) 4 gién (48) Brera 10 stokes (16) 9% kudi_ 8) whore k 7 erotes (17) & fén PONT 4 stokes (To ext things in ha with aif.) (18) 3% sing Rot Rei 9 stroke (19) #% géi (#) Bre+e 9 strokes (20) 4% 2héo Rott 7 stokes Bai Crema Currency ‘he currency of the People’s Republic of China is the renminbi, literally “people's cur- reney", abbreviated ss “RMB”. The basic unit of the RMR is the yuon oe kuai- One-tenth of 4 yuan is called a jiao or mao, snd one one-hundredth of a yuan equals one fen. Chinese ‘money 18 Issued in paper notes as well se coins, in thirteen different denominations: Bills; 100 yuan, $0 yuan, 20 yuan, 10 yuan, 5 yuan, 2 yuan. 1 san 5 jo, 2 jlao, ¥ jiao Goins: 1 yuan, $ jiae, 1 jaa, 5 fon, 2 fem, & fen @ Tannne 100 - @ @ teonee 20 s E aoroase . @raenee % @ tH~kee @ LeersiausBy the end of this Neston, you will beable 4 ask the time, ail a ta, ack whether something is allowed, and indicate your ability to eccomplich tasks. We will pay special ttcton to how Ghincoe people scapond to | {ime Re kh SUL RGR W6 hui shud yidiénr Hany am: dh, AIL? Sif: Xioji, nin gd nar? Ke: RABE FR. IME, AA MAR? Lin No; Wo qu Yoyan Xuéyuan. Shitu, gingwen xianzai ji dian’ ah: £ aA R BRR BM! Sif; Cha yi k& ba didn. Nin hui shud Hanyti at Ke, RS HBL RHOKRR FA, Me ww Lin Na: WO hul shud yididnr Honyd. Wo shi xuésheng, xianzdi huf Fe Lik, xuéyudn shangké. WM) JU LAR? Nimen ji dian changkoe ak Lin Na: 1: Nin hui hud Yingyii! A & ER, WH, AM A RB aD Ba didn shdngké. Shifu, wémen ba dign néng dao ma? fe al RB RR RR Néng dao. Nin de Hényti hén hte. pees gts shi MER RE RAO RR KM ee? : Nal, WO de Hanyd ba tai héo. Nin hui bu hui shud Yingyii? RA HL RB ALEK MS FE A Wo bu hui shud Yingyt. Wo yé xihuan waiyt, changchéng zai RF RIL RE, id xué didn Yingyo, 3 a STB : Shéi jiGo nin Yinayti? kL WO sinnir KH ER. RSF LH? Zhen you yis. Ta jinnian i sui? Ao HH PR KRKT, F RBA SHS Lit sul, W6 de suishu tai dé le, xué Vingyd bt réngyi 2 De Bk wa © : Nin jinnign dud dé suishu? & OF Et=. 6S FR AN TORA BA ‘Wo jinnian wushrer. Yiyan Xuéyudn déo le. Xiinzai chd wii PN &, GUAR BHP fan ba didn, nin héi y8u wis fenzhong. + BH, ER : Xiéxie, géi nin qian Hee > & RR wy, OKy Nin.g8i w6 ershi, zhéio nin wi kudi si, OK? GR h Ris! “istAh: AUS AIL, AA! Sit; WO yé hui yidiainr. Baibéiy OM. ALA Lin Na: Béibeit Bei] Soe Won Le py hui to know how to, can 280015 2. (—)sRIL Need (Addin a iule bit 2K RULER, 8} — RULE 3. lat N sit driver 4. R(4P) NN diGn(zhOng) c'elock LACH), ARCHED sk Vv cha to be short of, lack 6. al Moke quarter (of an hour) RACH), AVAL a] vo hut to retum LEE, IH, PP, ISL 8 ER — VO shnghd te go to clans (both students and teachers) z Vv shdng to ascend; to go to EDIBIR, Etat 98. HE opv—néng can; be able 0 RSK.LI 10. 3] v dao to amive AR, BEB, SN, BIER MRL En ro (an expression of modest denial) 12 vy ji@o to teach BUR, HLH 13.38 ON Yingyti English 28 AULSEE, RIE, EIGER 14, ¥eeJLN stinndr franddaughter on sor’ side OL Nn onitér daughter 15, $a NN sulshu years (ol age) BARR aH N ‘shu number 16. 3B Ady 6 cull SEE 1. mM fén minute ARTA BRA 18. $F = Ebb T Ah: HR 2, KASA BR te R LR, Ding fibo: © Chén lGoshi, Ma Dawei jintian bo néng Idi shangke. BREW: AMA OR fe R LiR? Chén Idoshi; Ta weishénme bi néng Idi shaingke? bye-bye (transliteration) T Am: Ding Libs; mh BI: Chén lGoshi TAK: Ding Lib; A ‘Shen lost, T hk Sing Lit FR RAMA, LF et BH OK Zustian shi xinggi, ta shongwo qu shangchang mai RS, FRA MA RAL RE tH dOngxi, xiéwo ql pénayou jid wanr Ta wdnshang shiyi +o BR. +2 k SRF din ban hui xuéyudn, shrér didin xié Hanzi, liéng didn He MAR RH eR, zhong shuljiao. Xienzat ta hai méiydu_qichudng. % AR RK LR, a vinaaai Idi shangke. am, & A Hh MB) er L@oshi, w5 néng bu néng wen nin yi ge wenti2 TZ, keyl. RN ARAN Wémen weéishénme ba didn ehangkey A Fg] Now Wars 1 DHA pr weishénme wy Prep wéi for NN zustion yesterday BELLE, EIR A N dangxi things object TEASE, MARTY, BRIM Vv wénr to have fun. to play MACHER, RUZ NN wiinshang evening, night SEN, ASABE, SOR. Awan late KT Ne ban holt fui, 2K, ME, RR, EL, ER BT vo xié to write N Hanzi Chinese character SRL, LG Noa character Yo shuliGO te sleep +E, IRMEAT BRR vo chu to sleep “153.10. Ae VO qichuding te get up AREA, SHAT xz vod to get upto rise ik N — chuéng bed — sk 11, BAK — Op —yinggai-—shauldjought to ERO, ERA, mB K opv gai should ;ought to 2A ON went quedion 7B, ARE, AA, LAR 13. TVA Opv — kéyi may ALG, FLARE, A 14. Hf Px Chén (a sumame) Supplementary Words abe Eial 1 FR vO xidke 10 get out of lass; 10 finish class 2 veh — YO. chifan to cat @ meal) 3 FR — VO KdichE ww dive a car 4 "BER — VO Hague — wo singa song) 5. BS VO idol te dance 6 Ev hud anmwer 7 Uh ON Tiwt si sproent 8 4K VO dé gid wo play bal 9 ari vo dadi to take a taxi 10 i YO. yon tw sche wok N bide atch aoe A nén dita D Revi— AULA. “— BL" is an indefinite measure word expressing the idea of a small amount, and it sed to medi © noun. When the content allows of no ambiguity, the noun it mics car be omited, For example: As BAROLO By RABEL). When "JL" is not at the beginning of a sentence, “ empl HUIS IG “88 (— JL (ELAS, © We, iAH. “EER” is actually an intercestive promerin, and has the ene meaning as “BEL “WHE” here has a negative connotation. "may be omitted, For ex + but It is offen used to express medesty when respond= fing to prsne, We can also use “247 ” to express doubt. For example; “SER? -Fepiit IRACKHE.” Whether we use a wort expressing negation or dauht, the purpose is to chow molest atitude toward other people's compliments, In Chinese culture this is regarded as fn appropriate responce D FRE BES. “Tt is not easy to lear English.” D EOLA Y Bo This is a courteous way of asking the age of Dee T “Here we are at the Language Institute.” ©) iB TH. “Yeu otill have fire minutes,” an elderly oF senior person. One of the senses of “ii” already learned is to make an adkltional remark. Anchor ase of “HB” is to express the continuation of a state or action. For example ELAM, Hl io ail working at eleven velock at night) HWRALEAAEAE CHL, (He is till unable to read Chinese newspapers) {O26 AIR. (He still hast got out of bed. /He is still in bed) KEY SENTENCES 1 FA LALA 2 MEREPAR MERI, HAUL EAE? SORT PASM A RIL ASR-ALRB, AIA 2 HR LAR? HER, TPL A AR? rn -155-1. SARE FIVE Master the following phrases (D) SERS SUR FHRF ASMAM RET KELME 2) RAF RAW KOE (3) TARR pe Fae FTAA (4) Bide ies, KIRA, Fe iRIA (5) BRAK IR ERATE BREA RAAT RH (6) BALI oe ALE RARE RAUL 2, PIMA Pattern drills C1) meee ne HALA. (2) MeL BRR? AXATOAUR. (3) HRA LIL? BRADFRo HIDE BLAH 27 ROE ER. (A) BORE ERRAR? aR MATH ARR? HRA RI, RAEI GET ng MALABAR Rica P LH ALR AG TARR F Raa as Bike BRR RERE RRR BRE GRF RARE BALA 8 A AIUB 8:30 9:58 10.05 WA 3:28 5:45, FF (wide) 11:50 ttm (fon) 12:15 BaF 820 eR 10:50 £o% ERG SMAR HL | Be REECE Bfecwenhua) — Fea | Xe ERE RK BAW wk Tai (8) Sip sic(youyong) 5? A Tt. BAK Ha? PRR RA FA Abii, (0) *iE AAA PRI? RRA HA PRM RAH LF ie A SH? RG RB EAA. <7) SLA va 9082 TH, (6) MARKARMM ABT Awan, AUN ARE AILER, Fr & (kaiche) 41R(0A qiL) 3h (tidsowsii) "3 4k(changge) | a vane | = aH ae mE (huidG) 1H) mG | sm * 4 ‘i ia Es aL (i) 3. SUBEERASP SLIME Ask a question conceming the underlined words in each of the following sentences 4) WAREAR MADRE, 4, S363) Conversation practice [eH fa] Asking about time) 1) Ar HEM, 2509 # (DIOGO) IE TLR? B:______ a A ee(hudi, fast)—, As attstt, ois(2) Ar FRR A MA RATS A B, RAAE A, As BRR RIL BT By AF. LRA? ie ae B: RAL. are? As Sho [2288651 Expressing one’s ability] (1) A: thar me a By RA—ARLe As HRS? Be 37. A105 BAM AR HAR HIVOOUEN) 3 5 (2) A: BARFHAB? Bi HAR, AURS (3) As ASR fe 7 fie (xudinxid) AF (zhOnus) aE? Bs ALAR, ° + AHA? B, AMRBERAM. (87% foHFARAEE Expressing permission or prohibition] (1) Ar Taba? B; AAA, HAE (dENG, to wait) — Fo Ay AAI CxlyON)? BRK, LILAT A 7 EM SK TTRAAE (MON) , A LAL, He 6 HEY Te ARTA A A MATAR IB? A aE ahs 2) @) 5. S097] Communication exercises (1) Your classmate is taxi driver, and you want to go to somewhere by taxi. How do you converse with the taxi driver? (2) Your watch has stopped. How do you ask a passerby the ume’? (3) You are talking about families with your friend. How do you ask him/her about the ages of hisher parents and about the children of his/her brothers ancl sisters? (@) You are visiting somewhere and you want to find out whether or not you can take pictures. (4188 .pdizhdo)or smake(HE#8,xiyGn). How do you ask? {BA (biantiao, note) eg, he BAP RABI, HRT. Le In at 9b) BADEN, seit 7 oat, tht AL, ahi then on AMA] ARAMA RII, BM -A RW, CK a] HATH (GEG) EDF ELI, EA AMD FLTAY [WA PFE IL, SLAB HAM LIER MLE KANE, ETE HA ILE RI RMA RE EAS PRES BAH SHER EPEAT RG, FEE MAE IL, EE RRDER, MELE GLF GREE, BMA ARE MAE PRA IR EUR BWIA T A BA MILT TSB BKABARAABAR MARR ER, A159Ea a 1. $A Telling time ‘These words are used to tell time in Chinese rn When telling sername the time the following rilex arply: 2:00 2:09 2:10 zu 219 230 2.45 2:55 RC) eH)", AN" and “4 (The “$" in “088" can be omitted.) PHR(O)AI (When "9H" as s mumber less than ten, “O” may be alded before it) iba BESO) (When "fr" is more tan 10, “44 may be omiued.) Fi —Al or AT EGE) TRAM or B= T(E) ee EK ow Fk o BRAT HG EGE) ‘The order of time expressions and expressions of date is: =00=F +=A 20005 2, ABIESHIIAE4D(1) Sentences with the optative verbs (1): “2”, + Wa He RETRY —H BME Di 1A BSB “a”, “BR” Optative verbs such ae 2", fe” Optative verbs such as sme" BL RE Pik + thi 8.25 ABSA ESE SHER", ond “HE ane often placed be fore verks to express ability, possiblity, or willingness. ard can he trarslated with the English weed “cans be able to” 1k should be noted, while“ sh Ahto DL akH ei ke % though, that (A) + Opv i & RRR OAR 2 area + VO 431 Ir “fE", aod “AIL” indicate the ability 10 do. something ‘emphasizes skills acquired through learning, and “HEL” express the possession of skills an general Bue? RARE. seseians? sain. FAR? “fk” and “FILL” are also be used to express permission or prohibition under epecifc rcumstances. For example: —_— { Predicate ‘| Sra H i irew iPtear toe [I eii@-(ILIii] Rin [Aa fee mule ae R BR | Re £m co) | | ae abe 52 i | xa Ht. The opiative verb “AB” ie wed wo exess needs arising fom moral or factual recess Note: I. In a sentence with an opative ver, the affimative-ngative form (V/A-not- V/A) is formed by juxtaposing the affirmative and negative forms of the optative verb, that fs OpV no Op. Opv + A + OPV + V0 2 KR & BR Re © FF & *& me Ka 2. The negative form of “ff” and “AIA” is usually “TRAE. “ZCAILL” is only used to express prohibition, For example; “7SFIDMBEIE Gyan, smoke)". IF the ananer to the question “PRAT ATT LAS — FAME? ” is negative, it should he “RAKEMMARITR.” One cannet say “ASTI DSR.” 3. To answer briefly, one may re only the optative werk. Ror example, So SeERLIBING 2 Fe FTI FL he 4. Some of the optative verbs are also general verbs, For example: Hh eeaRif REA. 3. 33149(1):38R FAY Sentences with serial verb phrases (1); Purpose 1s a sentence with a verbal predicate, the suhject may take two consecutive verbs or verb phrases. ‘The order of those verh phrases is fixed. phrases intreduoed in this chapter, denoted by the fit verb. In the sentences with serial verb the second verb indicates the purpose of the actionkt med ‘ts | Fe BRE MAK BOUL? ft [ore Ke wR Fille 4. SLASH DIAG (2) Sentences with double objects (2): “8” , “fa” Such verbs as" and “fa!” can take double cbjects, Subject ‘tht JL Se 1. LF HVH419(4) Structure of Chinese characters (4) ‘The enclesure structure Fours euchoure oO a W b. Letisopigh enlare t maa . TopAeft enclosure BB 4. Toprlefi-nntom enclosure [S Ez ©. Top-right enclosure T 4 2. WIEN Leam and write basic Chinese characters ob hee zhane occupy 3 stokes @2(%) 1 UF epee inside 7 strokes woe T“ZRBRE aw 6 sree 4) & at ar yong emer 5 stokes OR) “ARR dong eat 5 stokes o8 (Tanne Mo weet 6 stoke om % CeO GH TON be excised fom 7 stokes @# nit bon hal 5 stokes FG) -54 yo and 3 kes (Please differentiate “35” fom “3*.) OD RD “TH TAH ve page © srokes cy VA vv wy vo to ue 4 stokes -163. ABV MILE Leam and write the Chinese characters appearing in the texts () Ade SIT CAM) qaoyi-icv 5 strokes p> F + IL 6 stmkon (@) RAP didnzhong (34) Robt 9 sokes eo b+ 9 atokee FF (pieweiyeng) (he “santingtailed-goat” top) (On the top of a character, the vertical warts In veriten an @ downward stroke to the left *") ve eeg 6 strokes (3) & cna Bowes 9 strokes |Jendaopenay(On the right side of « multi-component character, *75" is written as “4° It is called the “standing knife” side.) "i 2 strokes K wi +t HFR 6 strokes (4) 8 ke a> K+ d 8 strokes (5) @ hut gw-O+e 6 strokes (6) f& neng ee rn (7) 81 deo B)>e + | 8 strokes (8) 348 Yingyt (3838) Ror RK 8 stokes (0) HAIL Sanna (364) Fho Feb 6 strokes (10) 34k suishu (3236) Boe ea ak 13 strokes F ieshou (ihe “slamingshand” side) (On the left side of a character, the fourth stroke in "$7 ie writen ae J") (LD #4 béibdi Hoe +m +e 9 stokes 2) ®F& Zuotian eo + F 9 strokes (The “sun” side, “HI”, shows the chareter has « temporsl connstation.) 4 stokes (43) StL wanr (0%) Hos +H 8 strokes (14) % xi8 (8) Rote 5 stokes (15) 8 wanshang Bon + & 11 stokes (The “sun” side, + shows the character has a temporal connotation.) AE omni (F tee (16) nb chuljiGo (18-96) o> A+ & 1 satrckes (Plense nite the left side of the character in the “eye” cide “A, not the “oun” side “1. “Sleeping” is related to the “eyes”.) 7S SEA BHR 8 amkes 16sRoman 9 stchcs (he top of thie charactor in the “study” top. not the “eonstant” tp.) (7) #8 gichudng (#24) Roper 7 sackes (8) 24% yinggal (182%) fla pee 7 stokes Boit+%K 8 suas (19) FLAG went (13) HOR+H _— (an) Ri chén (BR) Ro f 4 Loanwords 7 strokes Like ether language, Chinese also hormws wombs from foreign languages. Most loanword in Chinese come from English, French, Japanese, or Russian. They generally fall ito five soups: Fist are interpretative translations or semantic equivalents. Both terns refer 10 using Chinese wor to trandate imported concepts. Words of this eatesory usually do rot appest reticesbly foreign. One example isthe word #842 dianshi “television”, in which #8, dian (o- Finally "lighting", lter “ekectciy”) is freely aepted to correspond wo the prefix “ele” (oveially from the ancient Greek word meaning, “far"), and 4& shi litelly translates ox “vision”. The words #8 dianhua “telephone”, ard #BAR dianboo “telegram” fall under the same category Second are tslteratons, renitions that imitate the sound of the source word. The non native origin stands out inthis group of words, for example: QE shafa “sofa”, SBE haf sualfee”, FIEVALIR lhckoulole for “coca cola", and 38 jiake “jnrket™ -166- ‘Third is a combination of the fina and second modes described shoves partly few pars Bhrasing/sementic matching, and partly transliteration. Examples can be found with #9 pia “beer”, MICA motwoche “waureyele, and 438 tankeche “tank”. While FR pi is the transliteration for “beer”, 4G mowo for “motor”, and 419%, tanke for “tank”; 38 jiu “al cholic drink” and 2 che “vehicle” are translations Fourth are roman Iter us Chinese words, such ae AA 6 2ht “go Duteh” ‘poses, and B 8 chao “ultrasound”. Fifth ie the use of roman letters only, borrowing of acronyms, for example; “CD”, “DVD”, “CPU", and “DNA”. As a nile, Toanworrls are added to tho Chinese lexicon only in cases whaete available Chinese expressions are inadequate to describe new concepts, situations, or other phenomena that arise when Chinese and foreign cultures interact. However, words like $F baibai “bye- bye” and “OK” do not represent new concepts and ean he replaced by words of Chinese o rigin. Yet many people, especially the young, love such expressions precisely for their for ge avon -t61-In China, what should you do if you dont feel well?) ore yous will Inn fw tn eerie lth poole to ocr. You wil also lear how to exons voion, indicate | | neces, and lea a nee way of asking questions. | Lesson 12) kh Sh MOF AIR Wd quénshén dau bt shifu T AREA, RE RA ’ Ding Libo; Dawei, nf mai tian dou lid dién gichuang qu duanlian, Be Aw —al, EA ER RRP? xidnzai jiii dian yi ké, ni zénme hai bu gichuéng? BRR KR kK, M& Dawéi; W6 tou téng. ates Tak: Me RE BAH: Ding Libo; NI stngzi zénmeyang? BRA: R RF UR Tk eRe) Talking about oe hel MG Dawei. WS sdngzi yé téng. TAK: & 8, th RK eR Am Ding Libo; Wo xing, Ni yinggai qu yiyudn kanbing, BRA: HR SR AMS RM AR. (ieee Ma Dawei, We shanti mei wenti, buyong qu kanbing Xkxpreering eras dois Re wt, FA + ER w6 yao shuijido, bu xiéng gui yiyuan. TAK: KARE AM, WR ER He LR, Ding Libs: Ni bu gu kanbing, mingtian nf héi bu. néng shangke. BRA: B ORE RRO MA FRR FH AT MB Dawéi: Hao ba. WE qu ylyuan. XidnzOi ga hdishi xiewo qu? TAR: ER Re Hk, RRB REMR RAM Ding Libs: Dangran xidnzdi qd, we gén ri via ad. JintiGn tignal hén %, we So FF eng, ni yoo dud chuan Ab ig] Sm Wont 1, 2-Jp NN quainshén all over (the body) He, S227NAFI & A quén whole x N shen body 2 ARM A shofu comfortable 7A, LAF, FARRER 34 me méi every; each ER, AF, MEE, SR 4. 4BH& — Vv dudinligin to do physical exercise 2446 5% N tou Dead oR A ten painful Seve, PAE RF ON edngzi host RTI, RTARTAB KA: Ma Dawei: RA: Yisheng: T Atm: Ding Lib6; BE: Yishéng: TAR: Ding Libo: BA: Yishéna: BRA: Ma Dawei; BA: Yisheng: 10 Vyopv xing N yiyuan vo kanbing to think/to want to do sth. ABBE, 808k hospital BBE. 48 —“S BEB to see a doctor 24095, ISDE Nv bing iMncas“o get sick I, AAR, BER N Sh@nff dy, elih SAHRA, AAR ov yao nus, to want to do something SH, RA Map ba (modal partite) Cooj Oishi or SYESE ROR, MSEAEIRIER Ady yigt together HB —ik2, id, —ata A leng cold CHIE chubn ts wear N yi lites EAC, SET, Hite +t i ENLHR—F, Rk wD EG, Ni zai zhér xidxi yixia, wd QU g@i ni guahdn. He i Hato. 8s, 8 FR we Ba hdo, ba hao shi shéir HR SF Wo shi ba hao. i Am BR 1 A? Ni kinbing hdishi ta kanbing? 1 BR. Ta konbing if Bo th BAA, RAAT Qing 246 ba. Ni jido Ma Dawei. shi bu shir RR MB KAW Shi, wo jido Ma Dawei HAE SK? NMI jinnian duo da? BRAK DH ats ¥, MG Dowel: Wo jinnian ershrer sui. Ba: te MIL AR apm Yishéng: Ni n@r bt shofur Ss KAR KR, BH MR GR. M@ Dawéi: WS tou téng, qudnshén dou bu shou. Be: RA —Fo th RF AAURKS B HAL Yisheng: WO kon yixid. Ni sdngzi yduditinr faydn, hai youdiginr Bi, R Bo fashdo, shi ganmac. T Ask: he RR few? Ding Libé; Ta yoo bu yao zhuyuan? BA: AR KE SRK, BK Yishéng: — Buyong. Ni yao dud hé shui, hdi yao cl BE tb PH BE RE tb HI? yuanyi cht zhéngyde hdishi yudny! cht xiao? Rea K HE % PH. Ma Dawei; Wo yuanyi chi zhongyao. RA: HH, H&E — RIL PH, FF BM RAR Yishéng: Hao, rif chi yididnr zhongydo, xia xinggiyt zai Idi. A ja Nom Work LRe Vv xix to take a rest (EF, BRIE +2 Pep gi tos for BSE, She, SRR 3.42 VO QuaAGO — tw regiter (at a hospital, te.) HAGLER ¥ oN hao number AS, BLS 4 ABIL Ady yOudiinr —sowewhts rathers 8 bit ALEULAE, A AILS 5 2% vo foyan 6 RS YO fashao 1m became inflamed HA JLEI to have a fever #isSJLREE Be v shdo to bum TBE VA gdnmBo ww have w eald/eold # ILE 8 4ER% — VO hyudn to be in hospital; to be hospitalizedok oN shut 10.5 N yao UL. BE Opv —-yudnyi water rk medicine 8, 5 to be willing to do sth. G2, MGR LIE, SUEUR 12. PH) N—-zhOngyOO traditional Chinese medicine BOA ON xIyao Western medicine GS on vest HDFEAEIR] Selena, Words LF N va, sooth 2 BF N duzi abdomen ;stomach 3. JF vo koidao to have an operation 4. ACHE V hudydn tw have @ medical test 3 fe N xe load 6. abit —— sot 1 xiGobIEN eine 8 Vo daizhén tw have an injection 9. re hot A A ligngkuai cool NN shénghud life N — Yingwén—ingish 3 D MB RBA HR When the pronoun “f§" modifies a noun, 2 measure wor should be used before the noun it modifies as in the following examples: “4-345”, “AEJTAEIR". However, be- fore the nouns “" and “4E" a mieasure word cannot be used, and measure words are op- Lional before "Fi", For example, we say “#7, “HIR™, and say either “ApH or “A AVF", “85 is offen used in combination with “#8". For example: HG RAE. ea A TIAL Q WEARRIR? ana Wy aze you sill in bed? ” “AEA” cam aloo be used to ack sbeut the couse of something, an the difference be: tween “24" and “ZftZ” is that the former indicates a sense of surprise on the part of the speaker. For example: AB LIT AGA ENR SREAMIE ELAINE? Note: “284" and “2528 are both interrogative pronouns, but °° is often used se on adverbial in @ sentence, wheieas “ZH” usually functions 28 whe predicate as in “W6.54487 ". When asking the reason for something, "EA," cannot be used and 20 ‘one could not say “P26 2 HERSTRIEEE? ” BS) RAL ic ie Se Be Be Hi. “TI think you must go to see a doctor.” Im this sentence “{8" is common verb. ® RFRA. “No problem with my health.” “SEU means “body”, but it may sso mean “health”. “YSFOREAN? ” is also a form of greeting among fiends and acquaintances. The phrase "YEI86" menne “no problem” and it is often used in spoken Chinese to indicate an affirmative, confident aude. For example: ee 2 B, RY RAR. D APNE, RAPEBE., ‘The modal partie “IE” has many uses. I is used to soften the tone of speech here ‘nd it may also be used in sentences expressing requests, commends, persuasion and ‘consultation. For example: We. eM. RRM, D RIMM. “TM ge with you" When the prepositional phrase “BL4PY/NP” is placed before @ verb as an adverbial roofer, itis generally used with the adver “—i82"; together they fona the phrase “Ale PL/NPs— 22". For example: RR I — ALE (ORR — AI.OD REM HE, “" isa verb (soe Lesson Ten), but it can also function as « preposition. When used se 9 proposition, “#" and the noun or noun peace that follows it (usually the receiver of the act benefit) form a prepositional phrase, which is placed before the predicative verb indicating that the object of “A” is indinectly affected by the activity of the predicate ® pin IL AR HR? “What's wrong with you? ” ‘This is at everyday expression used by doctors when talking to their patients @ ‘The phrase “4 (— verbe as an adverbial modifier, indi ‘often implies dissatisfaction or negation Noe: THEIR. ng moderation For example: AARIURM AAULBE ARULM ARULIEE JL" Govith “—" ten omited) is used before certsin aijectives or When teed fore an aujetive, it ‘These is some difference between “Ff UL end * UL" “A —AULY io wood ‘adverbally, modifying the adjective or verb that follows it, whereas “—JiUJL" is used as an ‘attibutive, modifying a noun. For example: AULA EULER AULT ‘The construction “—AUJL +N” is usually placed after a verb as its cbject. For example: 1 is not permissible to replace “#F—AUJL with “—gUL*. For example: (We cannot say “f— BLAH") (We cannot say“ — A JLRHE) “1m RER—AIURE. WA NABM RA AILRHE KEY SENTENCES A AGE RAL? . RIK A RIL ABR 6 RAI RBLAS. 5. RRS? MAE PERG heb? PRA RSF RIAL | RH RRAM, AMLAR. mae 1. SRBEFPUFLE Master the fllowing phrasce (2) ki FR SHR FAR HARK EAD Q) FRAME SRBRWR HRELE HERA ee sees BEER LHR BIBLE VURERARAR ERMBERERS CPRERCHH RGRAARER FIBTLAFIRG SREREREAPR B) Rox nk mae BAM GND) Rik RAL (4) Bese ABERF BEFTRE BESS 5EEER THERA G) SAA SRF SR RASCH RMA RAR 2. ‘DFR Pattern drills A 2 (A tiem aA? Bigg R REDE, pea | ee) Q)A: Rana wegaee [eg £m in ae BRS Bs ARAL, ERIM, FRER A: ARMM, RSA. Ire dha hia [tRm baw S18e SIRE BBSLTREAR SLAB? 2 se cyouyong) zérsk(d0 iG) 2 LUBE. thre? Wa | 2 ABER. BREA ) A: RA eR RRA? | #27 (kaidGo) AR D KM. fee (hudyein) da (xi8) £ feRe(hudyan) kk (dabidn) — 7% fele(hudyan) 4 (xiGobian) —&9:30 LR RF 4:20 Ae 4 (yo) As TOUR > BE BT (AuR) BHAA ILI. (6) As ARR As 9} =e APRIL B REPAA. Fa RAH As HARE HET Sve (shenghuo) Rie Bi 1e4 th SM, (7) A: RRR? a ema B: RAR AK, wk ve ane PMA ah At (8) Ae ROR LAB AH 7 FF i A He Bs RAE AW LAR DE. LF +e | 3. FBLA] Make up sentences according to the pictures EARL AER BRR fer BR. SABE 2 -175- 4. S386) Conversation practice (Wie47 AAR Talking about one’s health] (1) As ARS 292 RAB? B: &___#W ALA. A: REAR? By AM RAKE, 2) A: HIRGZEH BAER? B.A KLAR. HAR Aik LR, EEF, As AiR ARSE EF G7 B: RAM. (3) A: BARRA. Be RT, AMY E BPE AG AE RAR HR? By AER FRA. (ABB GLE Expressing one’s desire o need] (1) A: HAREM MAH A? Br RAMA A ARE IRB. BAM A: REAPER BS (2) As Ae RABE? RINK Hs (AS gid) 48%? B: SRA, RRALAS AMA (t0iilquGn, taiji boxing). tk 441 (ce) AH (tOijquan)s? Ar RBI Be AMT! RAE AeA G? (3) As AAA BAT RH? Bi RAI, HUBRIS Ay REE HRT (hOizi) 2H 5 5. 2069573 Communication exercises (1) You tee sick while reading together with your classmate in the libary. How do you tell him/her 7 (2) Your friend has wothache (36, yO téng). How do you help him/her tell the doctor about it?(3) You want to go to China to study Chinese and to visit the city of Shanghai, but your (ieend Uhinks that in order to stuly Chinese well you should yy w Beijing. How do you talk to him/her about this? WBAS(GingjtiGo, nove requesting leave) Fe, BAL n BR, AMA Ba. BEVORIEMR WOR. AD, AK AAA LE BEB 4-Artna ss Cen cee KA ME AER? HA? RAR? RES ATIRY MRE KR ABRR WEBER A. MRE, REEL ER? KAMAE EL MAKE ER MALAR. MR KRE ER RARER FHT ERREK, MNBL. EA WEF WM PLS FY] RKA, PHF. WA, AH ARRARM, BCR Fo BHR RAF EAAILAR, AGH! WERSALG? RAG, KOH. KA MBSCPRERKE OG BH? RTL GH. HA? KABSLSA? KES P A? re, Kh EAL BLP Ho baa) 1. EVAVAi#4] Sentences with a eubject-predicate phrase as predicate ‘The main clement of the predicate in this kind of sentence is a subjactpredicate phrase. In many cases the person oF thing that the subject of the subject-predicate phrase (subject 2) denotes 1 a pert of the person or thing denoted by the subject of the whole sentence (subject 1D. erie “8 Subject 1 ene ae PTT i pees ST sees Bw % * fe a5 | OR Sm. ae 8 me Re 23 reat aR Ea ROR Bt ‘The negative adverh “75” is usually placed before the predicate of the subject-prediate phrase (predicate 2). Its A/V-not-A/V form is produced by jurtaposing the affirmative and negative forms of predicate 2. 2. 3EFRNEIFI4] Alternative questions An alternative question is crested when two possible situations, A and B, are connected by the conjunction “3EE". The porton to sthom the question is addressed is expected tw choose one of the alternatives, Fret sea force eet SRLEH. (Alternative A) PWEWi.. (Alternative B) RAL, (Alternative A) BREE, (Alternative B) 3, MBIESH TAH] (2) Sentences with an optative vorb (2): 38,28, ME ‘The optative verbs “BE” and “AB” both express subjective intention and desire. They are basically the same in meaning. Sometimes “2” emphasizes intent or demand, while “#2” places more emphasis on inteation or hope. Far examples TESS TURTAURIEEE 6 ‘The negative form for both “A8" andl “I” (clenoting, desire) ie “EAH”. “BER” is ako used to express one's wishes. It means a willingness to do something or 4 hope that something will occur scoring to the wishes of the person denoted by the subject. “170.——— Subject ak TA e tw ‘The optative verb “ZL” is also used to express ned, Its negative form is *7°FH". For example: EAB EBT RAVER BAAR? WRAME TER. 1. DLFAVAA) (5) Structure of Chinese characters (5) The enclosure structure @ a. Lefcbottorright enclosure OU) #& & Ok ® M 2 (RADY Leam and write basic Chinese characters oF Mec vo to give 4 strokes: oe Lara tet Ele det @A FARA cog vite 5 wees wh 7 AAR fe 5 ote -180- wo F eee yO tooth 4 strokes wR FETR Vi clothes 6 strokes o8 (+8) asf 6 strokes @) RB) FT BRR wand ot 5 srokes 0) EB (+ +8) zhi host 5 strokes cao) J (8%) Ti ching factory 2 strokes 3. USUAL Leam and write the Chinese characters appearing in the ters (a) 44 quénshen BOACE Bors ee WR> A+ Ptr 7 (rsienu) 7 * 3) & mei BOO F (wiegzip4ngy the “illness tappy + 6 strokes 12 strokes 8 strckes 2 strokes 7 strokes Uivease ot ste.) 5 ses(4) # téng ops’ 10 ake (The “illness” side denotes the meaning, “4” indicates the pronunciation.) (5) RF sdngzi we tt tt tt + Rs strokes Arion — 8 A 5 strokes J Chudzipéng, on the left side of a multi-component cheracter, the fourth stroke in as wniten as a dot. It is called the “ fire” side.) FP 4 strokes (6) 4b#& dudinlidin (44e) Feo e+ Kk 14 stokes (The meaning side is “#" , and the phonetic side is “B") hor +k 9 strokes (r) #8 xing Bor +b gs 13 stokes (The mearing par is “*", and the phonetic partis “48”.) (8) ¥& bing most (The meaning side is "7", and the phonetic side is “74”. 10 strokes (9) 44 shénti (4 #8) Boh tk 7 etrokes (10) *@ ba Woee+e 7 strokes (The meaning side ts “o", and the phonetic side i> “2".) J (iengeiarshul) (the “two-dropeckvater” side) > 7 2 stokes (1) % ng Boye 7 strokes a1 (12) $ chudn Fa (13) 4. xox (14) 4&4 guahao (Se) eod er hee (15) AK fayan (4%) Roa Ke ER % (yooziteu) - ee (the “eminent” top) (Please dilferentiate from *3".) (10) AR fOshao (4%) Bort * + (a) BW gonmeo Bote eee > 8+68 (18) 206 zhtyuan Bork (The meaning side is “4, and the phonetic side is 9) #2 Zhongydo (PR) Brrr ee yg (20) 3% yudnyl (4) Bor+ athe 9 strokes 6 strokes 10 strokes 9 strokes 8 stokes 3 strokes 10 strokes 13 strokes 9 strokes 7 stokes 9 strokes 14 strokespas ORNs (Chinese Herbal Medicine Chinese herbal medicine is used in traditional Chinese medical practice, which has 3 history of thouesnde of years Accomting ta tradition, » sageemperar of remote antiquity called Shennong (“Holy Farmer") experimented with many types of herbs in order to find cures for his subjects, Traditional Chinese hecbel medicine differs from modem Western medicine in that becically it doce not use artificially croated chemicole but ie extracted dlcetly. fom natural substances, ‘Trtitional Chinese remedies can be divided into three categories, according to their sources, Fiat is medicine from vegetable sourcee, euch a the rvote, tome, leaves, and finite of plants, Second is medicine from animals, including their organs and! secretions such ‘as besoar (cow gallstones), snake venom, and deer rusk, Third are medicines from mineral souces, including gypeum and others ‘Traditional Chinese medicine can be effective in treating many frequently occurring health problems like the common exld and fevers. Most doctors agree that side effects from the ma- jotty of bela sve sre sclatively wld, Cunccnly, doctors in China, be they practiion fers trained in Chinese of Westem medicine, are exploring ways to combine the two traditions for use in treatment ss yell as prevention therapies Ma Davei recently met a new female | fiend tn this lesson, he wll show us how to 1 make pene salle rent legs ak for help and invite people for 0 visit i HUG T — se A) ae WO renshi le yf ge pidoliang de ganiung R BR: KA, Hi WAT RW, RE Atk Song Hud; Dawéi, tingshud ni dé le génmdo, xidnzai ni shénti Ra z8nmeyang? BAA, RATER, ET RS PHO Ms HH Ma Dawei; WO qui le ylyudn, chi le hn dud zhongydo. Xianzdi we tou BARI A hi youdidinr téng.eB BK FB. Ni hi yinggai duo xibxi A: Rk , RB Bik He PIL, : Song Hud, wé xiding gdosu ni yi jidn shir. A ne CRRA) Te ws something that has happen Shénme shir? = Hkh: RRR TON RE HR, BE A M& Dawei: We rénshi le yi ge pidoliang de giniang, t@ yudnyl zud we zk MA RN ee ke RY, RA ni péngyou. Wamen changehang yiai sdnbil, yiqi kan BY, Hot, — Ae PRL didnying, he kafei, yigi ting yinyue. RH Wl RA HF : Zhuhé ni} Zhe shi hdo shi a. eh RPE, TRAM HE Kb, WR HE : Xiévie. Shi ho shi, késhi w6 de sishé tai xiGo, t@ bu néng SF RRL PR B R - WBF. ching I6i WS zhér. WO xing zhao yl jian fengzi KR: th Me BF? Song Hud, Ni xiding 7 fangziz HRARDR B® B-AA Be te AM HH BF,S Ma Dawéi; Shi a, wé xiéng zi yi jidn you chufang hé césud de féngzi, BA OR te Ke fangzi bu néng tai gui RH BMA RR R-REM A Ba, HB? Song Hué; Xinggili w6 gen ni yigh qu 20 fing gongst, héo mar BRA: K HT. Ma Dawei: Tai héo Ie. AE ig] Sov Wo 1. SHAR IN gUnang git BRAN, sistas 2% VY tingshud tw be ud oF voting to listen 34 vo dé w hue, w ge ABH, 4 SiR v gousu to tell ste M jin (@ measure word) pieve Ht 6 HL oN shir matter; aStvies thing RAUL, FEZ IIL, THB — VO. stn to take a walks to walk —A2HtE + nN bi step ae NN didnying movie ru, Ew & N didn dlecticity we N ying ‘shadow £9. ovelk N ‘kafei coffee Ame 10. TH Conj_ késht bat v1 He ON sishe omitory “FAH @, BMS 1 ® Vv zhéo to Took for AF, RA, BATT BBE ON fongzi house EBT, LHBF, LAT 14, 4 voz to rent BLE, BEA 13. 14 ™ jon (@ measure word for room, house, ete)—FUFEF 16 Bt NS chéféng ion BED ro) toils — IBF, I, te 18, BAN FGngzd rent (for a house, ft, ete) 19. 8] N gongsT company AVS), KAA, BAA © Tera) sy, Asking for veges, (RES DAWERER BAA. ) 5 KAR WM AF FRAR HR, R BR £2 AP Ma Dawei: Na jian féngzi fangza toi gui, ni shud, we yinggai zénme ban? -187-eo tk B MBAR BFP Song Hud; NI xing 20 hdishi bu xiéng 207 % KA: HR ff, MG Dawei; Dangrén xitng 20. R RBH GF tt BB, bh RR Ho Sona Hud: W8 aéi Lu Yupina dé ge didnhua, rang ta I6i bangzhu Ble women, i hk #, SAB? Ta hen mang, nul Id! may 2 te ® Ro Ta hu I Cees RRDE HTL.) Bo, oR, 2 ® Le) Lu Yuping: Wei, n& yi wei a? SR, KR BRR RR HR KA RE ERK RF ‘Séng Hud; Wd shi Séng Hud, wo hé Daweéi xianzai zai Jigmei Za Fong BA Gongst. mE: Hi GA fe ABILT La Yiiping: Nimen zénme zai nar? E Hkh MBE. Song Hud: Daweéi yao zi féngzi. 2 AR A BT Nimen kan méi kan féngzi7 :a AT-M BF Mil AF RM HH, TA Song Hud: Women kén le yi jién fangzi. Na jian fangzi hén hGo, késhi FA ARIL Ho fangzi youdiénr gui. B OF: # R Tee RAT? LU Yuping: Nimen zhdo le jinglt méiyou? -188- R #: MM Re R wm, Song Hud: Wémen méiyéu zhdo jingl Bt: Rf, RA AT BORK MA, RR La Yuping: Song Hud, zhé ge gongsi de jinglt shi wé péngyou, wo gen ei —F, i en, ATH {9 shud yixid, ging t bangznd nimen, wo xiGng kénéng Be iM, méiyou went Ro #: RT RE BH hte y BA veh O Song Hud: Hé0 0. Wanshang wémen ging nf hé ni péngyou chifan, fh HF: 35, thin A F R, AM, Lu Yaping: 1iéo, rimen zal gongs! deng wo, zailian. RR HBR, Song Hud; Zain, AE ig] Nov Wns Ld Vv ban to do EAs 2. 41W4& VO da didnhud to make @ phone call SAMMI "iB NN didmhud—— telephones phone call —6, HAO 3a vo rang to let; to allows to make 4 4b oy bangznu te help 5 ta wi hellos hey 6 uw wei (a polite measure word for person) thsi, ie, mee, te 7B Ning manager 8 FH Opv —-kénéng 9. t4& = vo chifan th N fan 10. Vv geng WRK PN iomei maybe FLAK, RARE, TI ABEE BE to eat (a meal) meal HS to wait A, (1, (name of a house rental agency) 199SDFEAEI] Stet No LB ON keting living room 2e N woshi bedrwom 34% oN shifng a study ak M tao suite 5. FR — A FGingbidn —_comenient 65 A gio coincidental 7B A hshl ital a enthusiastic 9&4 = ¥—— baokud to include 10. KBR oN shuidiantei utility 1 a A xn a 12. WE NO hub reply/to reply a OS D RT REV 0 When th adjectives “2% and aalyerbs such as *f" before them. For example: “GAH” or “ASAE”, and not “3 Pei", “BARE”. “HH may be left out after “ABS. "am used as attibutive modifiers, we must put D MwA ie A RIL “She cant come to my place very ofen.” ‘The objects of the verbs “J, 2,81, 4" and the preposition “#E" are generally words ‘of place or location; if they are not, then “iXJL” and “#BJL” must be added to them For examples “EAGRJLT "2 7DRARIL URACIL", He IL". We canmt cay “SER on “C2646 Generally, "A" snd “#8 are used interchangeably. ) BAT? [A declarative sentence cat Le tumed inte a quction by reading it with the same intonation 95 an interogative sentence. -19- © Hevee— iors bs AONE. “L want to reat house wih a kitchen and a bathroom.” We must ald “A w w verb oF verbal phrase w TUR Ht Into an adjective modifier, For example: ‘aun HLH (the cake given to her) SIH ACihe people who come today) AAs has been said prev ly, the ausbuive mat be placed before the words it modifies S Mitt RIE Zn? “What do you think I should do?” “WRi8" (or “H6IR") is used here to elicit the listeners opinion, © moe tt “Holla, who ie epenking? * “HR i an interjection cfien used in phone calls as a form of geting or response. For cxample RT AG RIES A Met Ges WM -FENZ, The measure word “2” applies to persons only and is 2 more polite and respectful form than the measure word “/S". For example: BR OD AMR T REIT? “Have you (found and) talked to the manager? * “2286581” here means “talk to the manager”. Sh LRT AIA ‘Well invite you and your fnend to dinner this evening.” “ET” means “to eat (4 meal)", “HR--MEHE" means “to invite someone te dinner (or Junch)" 191Pr 1. BAAR ART 2 AMAT ARF. 3. MANRT BRRAT 4 AINA 5. BURT ADF Ar A 18, DEAE 6 7} 8, 0 REAM Hk MAME ERG? AU HEP RAE Lg RAL A fom PT 1. 3RBE FU Master the following phrases MAT-AAT ARTA RTT ER AT RR TE RT -HAA LT ARS ST+ARE LT-ARK OTRAS QRAR MER FRE RR ARA MLA ALA BRB ERE RAHA ACRSLRUR AUREL haa B)HIL AVL EMAIL BML ARAL RA SL EAL GATHER TRS TEA ATE ATA RTM TERT O-PL Het BAAM MARA BMA ROMA REA BMA Ree Rae (6) iE A MF Gee ABIL HEB RE prem t HA SLR ooo ARMA, 2. EHR Pattern drills (1) BB AEE IL, A —*PReH| AA EILY x —fefum RURT AER Bn ARS st, STARE 192- 2) inka BE? WANA T hE RT BBR A GB) HAT BRAID RAAT ALT RRAA. BERAEAHT BRAAME. A) Beso A abs hai 2 ABLE (S) test emt 7 AGL. RRS WER. (6) Rm — Bet? 7 a ALDKA. . PRELBER A. mE He A AIL? TAR REBBF 0 RRS 5 am me ROBE KE RAPLH RMR te A MRT A dGkIL ARAL FMA RRMA RO & | ae a | hoe * pie yp I Kte wenhud TARE HE REA REM REE era) ER BR -193-3. 3¢703#4) Make up sentences according to the pictures YY 2, foie, as RTH? TAPERED | a > << ro WET ER RT BH? ° fe TULLE 4, 23842 Conversation practice [4718 Making a phone call] (1) B: Rm? Aa eC 2 ME. ARG AT AA BILE Aa LEARY 2 RT ak RAMA B.A EFS BRAT AR, As HAE. Aik. BURA (3) A: R405 25? B: AY, RR? oa (HU Renting a house] GQ) As AMBRE. i tb FB RIE? 2 BUR, Tua SF AERA BE DA BRATS? A,Rige—iah__. HAT. 1s AMELBAAA AMSAT. 2 BARRERA 2 REA + G.4e(bOokud)- & se (shuldiantei) 7 FG 2 DAR PGT eR, B A B. A B AL B. A Lib RIED Asking for suggestions) (1) Ar WAR AGRAL AGA HL. AIL, RHA ALL? B: TR A REAL, 2 (2) Ar RAIRIR— AF Ly B; Aba # IL? Ay BILD EASA HE, TRAGER BR Bo AL ALL EAI a9.(Gai An invitation) (1) Ar BRA ARAT AEG? eta As aaB AR B: (2) Az Cabs, BLA AR B: RRR Ae Ath PRA BE? By ______. SPH? 5. SERRE] Communication exercices (1) Make a phone call from the university donitory to a fiend of yours to tell him/her something that has happened recently in your life or studies, (2) Your mother and father are coming to Chine t© sce you, and you want to rent a house for them. Your request to the rental company is for e large house with a kitchen and 4 bathroom, Your parents want to live init for one week. (3) Thanksgiving Day (ABR, G8N'6n 6) is coming and you ace inviting « few good friends to dinner. Some of them can come and some cannot (A) You are buying things to make Thanksgiving dinner in a super market, How would you ‘ask the salesperson for help? Re HH Kangding Oingge wa wm bk -k wan oz yi due ula de yan yo AA mm ey de my réncéi_ fala de AA ii eo te réne6i Walid de eR ren wo lida de Gi yo Paoma fad de shen shang me mM jo tia de dae —#* wRM OF Yrisi fiafio de kan shang tte mie ye Shiyon olla de nbz ee mee Duanduan lala de zhoo z6h de cheng yo Kk mem KF aE mm thy Zhangid iota de dage kanshang liaia de to yo mm Bk em ye liaia de kan shong Ful dong id dea yo BOF Cs) nein ren of lia de git yo Ae % s mee TIO a Yuolieng wan won Kéngding_faliide cheng yo AB Ea = Rk ima fe my Yuoliang wan won kan shang liliode 16 yo A a = a 4mm Yueliang wan wan hut dang tioade ja yo He s = fe He ran OR Yualing wan won ren nt faade qi yo aeCae Ty Kae tH Ae shale F (Midoyonci) i — BA RR (Gin'di, dear) #9)» RF: esr? FURIE (XIANG, miss) feo BRAMET BW ARTA RLAR EARN TER BBAET o FATA ABIL ARF RMR, MEE RAK. RRR TG A Bo, TRAE ES Kb ALK HAR (fongbion), PABBA ABA A, FABRA RAPE RARE te MAR RE-RET ELBE RMNAT ABT AT ARH RK ABE AM, TREK. RESET PB, FUER BEEZ Ar, HF (Gido), FKAZD A th BOA AF 65M AGE RAM BEI AR IAS (rOxIn) ALTERNA TORS BF 0 BAT VRE (OSH) ORT, SBA RT. DLAI BA FPBLECT REY, KAA FRR AA — FARMAN BF 0 HHL AER ED BF Me 0 IAS (hulkin), tt KA 12A108 1 RAH BREF As Be B® fee000 -198 1. BHI“ T"(1) The Particle “T"(1) ‘The particle “J can be used after @ ‘ction. For example; WRT IAD — Compare: (How many apples have you bought? ) RATER. T teve bought five apples.) W the verb with a “7 takes an jn many cases, is a mumcral-measute vere ‘te tense Ifthe object does not have am sttributive Grammar vetb to indicate realization or completion of an WEILER (How many apples are How many apples will RETAPR. (Fm going to buy five apples. 1 will buy five apples.) + this object usually has an attributive, which, sing to buy? hay?) J, am adjective, oF & pronoun, Nu-M 7 A /Pe + 0 (eas T WIR" or “AGT ALAM), ether clements are needed in the predicate to form a complete sentence. For example: BASF TR UTE RARE ZA? RATER TREES, ‘The negative form of this kind of sentence is made by placing “BE” or “BAI” before the veub aoa! dropping “T afier the verb, BH + VO NATE A Note: One can never use “75” to negate this kind of sentence. ‘The V/A-not-V/A form is “V+iQ (AE) 4V" or “VT BRAS vos 8c 4 0 EDA FY ‘eanVi T+ 0+ wh ET RPA MRT RSET Note; “7 indicates only the stage of the realization or completion of an action, but rot the time at which this action ecours (which may be in the past, present, or future). In this kind of sentence the ection, in many cases, he already happened. It is sleo possi, though, that the completion of the action will occur in the future. For example: REPRE TAT HOt (Tomorrow afternoon PIL have supper after T have Bought the notebonks.) Not all past actions need the particle “7'". If an action occurs frequently or & sentence “Is describes an action in the past but does not emphasize the completion of the action, tot used. For example: BA(gudgU, in the past) MATAR EAE (GUUION, last year) RERAF DEA RA 2. RHA] Pivotal sentences The pivotal sentence is also @ sentence with a verbal predicate, composed of two verbal phrases. The object of the first verb is simultaneously the subject of the second verb. ‘The fist verb in a pivotal sentence should be a verb with a meaning of “aking” or “undering” seuebody to de semething, such ao “8” or “IL”. Both “i” and “iL” have the meaning of requiring others to do. something used in a formal situation and sounds polite, “if” also has the meaning of “to invite”. For example LATTA CARI AA ] Preicte | Subject 7 a Verba [Object 1 (Subject 2) | Verba | Object 2 eee 5 a eee s ee | oe mame | as am) kw. it | 6 ae. 3. SBIEZHIAWHHE+](3) Sentences with an optative verb (3):“FT#e”, The optatve verb “IHE™ expresses piiliy. Desides expressing ability, “2 is cho sed to express possibilty. For example: SANA WOT EM. Bite AEE PRE RE. BRMARAR LY HE TRE RASH LER. 1. #MAEFL Consulting a Chinese dictionary using radicals Many Chinese character dictionaries are organized coring to the order of the charcteré “radicals”. Redical are common components, located on the top, belo, le Tight, oF our part of characters, which usually indicate the class of meaning to which & tuncter belongs. For example, “AF” $7, RI", “RR, TRE", and “HS are grouped under the radical "ie", which isthe common component on the If side of these characters, However, "iB", "RE", “AB, “8°, and “HE” are grouped under the radical ", which to the commen comport at ‘dee Dut uf Une earcters In the radical index of « dictionary, radicals are listed in order according 10 the umber of their strokes. In the index of enti, characters of the same radial are arranged in groupe scconting to the number of thes stokee excooting those of the radical Therefore, afer determining the radical of a character, you should count the number of strokes in the radical ara consult the radical index to obtain the page umber where the radical entry can be found inthe indes of entries. Then, sunt the mumber of strokes in the character excluding the radical and consult the corresponding group to find the character and fis page number in the dictionary. For example, the cheracter “®2” will be found under the “£7 radical and in the section containing characters with 9 strokes more than those of the radical 2. AEMALF Leam and write basic Chinese characters a) (++7) oo ancient 5 stokes oR (s+) feng god 7 stakes oF “SFR ch wold 5 erkes oF owas E sh mater akon ot Or ear a . bo mp 7 strokes (The ancient character depicts two fet walking.) a