M Ruiz - Caracterizacion de Agregados Petreos PDF

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H Diapositiva 1

CARACTERIZACIN DE

AGREGADOS
PTREOS
PARA SU UTILIZACIN
EN MEZCLAS ASFLTICAS

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Diapositiva 2

Definicin de rido
Se conocen como ridos para caminos a los
fragmentos y partculas inertes, obtenidos
naturalmente o por un proceso de trituracin
a partir de rocas, que entran a formar parte
de la mezcla asfltica.
El rido forma parte de aproximadamente
un 95% de la mezcla.

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Diapositiva 3

Caractersticas Exigidas a un
Agregado Ptreo

Durabilidad
Resistencia
Forma de la partcula
Textura superficial adecuada
Baja Porosidad (Baja Absorcin)
Su Afinidad con el Agua

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Diapositiva 4

Clasificacin de las Rocas


PLUTONICAS, masivas o profundas : granitos, sienita, diomita, gabro

R
O
C
A
S

SEDIMENTARIAS

ERUPTIVAS O
IGNEAS

VOLCANICAS, extrusivas o de derrame : basaltos, prfiro,, riolitas,


andesitas
QUMICAS Yeso, anhidritas, dolomita, calcita, palo, tosca

DE AGREGACIN

Sin cementar: arenas, arcillas, gravas


Cementadas: areniscas, arcillitas, limolitas, margas
Calcreos compactos, calcreos conchilla

ORGANGENAS

METAMRFICAS

Tierra de infusorios, diatomitas [slice amorfa-proviene de


protozoarios (75/95% slice)]

Gneiss (provienen del granito)


Esquistos arcillosos (pizarras) provienen de las
arcillitas
Mrmol (provienen de las rocas calcreas o calizas)
Cuarcitas (provienen de las areniscas silceas)

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Diapositiva 5

Procedencia de los ridos


Yacimientos: arenas, gravas, etc., de origen
fluvial, elico o marino.
Canteras: provenientes de rocas masivas a
travs de voladuras.

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Diapositiva 6

ridos utilizados en Argentina


Canteras
Grupo del Granito: granito, granodiorita, gneis
Buenos Aires, Crdoba, Santiago del Estero,
La Pampa, San Luis
Grupo del Basalto: basalto, andesita
Misiones, Corrientes, Entre Ros, Crdoba,
San Luis, La Pampa
Grupo del Prfido: riolitas, traquitas, prfidos
cuarcferos
La Pampa

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Diapositiva 7

ridos utilizados en Argentina


Canteras
Grupo de las Cuarcitas y Areniscas: cuarcitas,
areniscas cuarcticas, areniscas
Buenos Aires, Stgo. del Estero, San Luis,
Chaco
Grupo del Esquisto: esquistos, esquistos
cuarcticos
Santiago del Estero
Grupo de la Caliza: caliza, dolomita, mrmol

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Diapositiva 8

ridos utilizados en Argentina


Yacimientos
Zona 1: rodados de cuarcitas, areniscas
cuarcticas, cuarzo, esquistos, calcreos, riolitas.
Jujuy, Salta, Tucumn, Santiago del Estero.
Zona 2: rodados de granitos, gneises, esquistos,
cuarzo. Catamarca, La Rioja, San Juan Crdoba,
Santiago del Estero, San Luis.
Zona 3: mayor proporcin de basaltos, riolitas,
andesitas. Menor proporcin de granitos,
cuarcitas, metamorfitas. Patagonia, Mendoza, La
Pampa, Buenos Aires, San Juan.

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Diapositiva 9

ridos utilizados en Argentina


Yacimientos
Zona 4: gravas tpicas del ro Uruguay: variedades
de slice: cuarzo, calcedonia, palo. Corrientes,
Misiones, Entre Ros.
Zona 5: basaltos alterados, calcreos, areniscas,
cuarcitas, cuarzos, calcedonias. Entre Ros.
Zona 6: areniscas cuarcticas, granitos, grauvacas,
esquistos arcillosos. Buenos Aires.

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Diapositiva 10

Caracterizacin de los ridos


La aptitud de un rido como material de
construccin depende de:
las propiedades fsicas y qumicas de sus
partculas,
la forma,
las caras de fractura y textura superficial,
la granulometra.

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Diapositiva 11

Estudio Petrolgico
de los ridos
Brinda una descripcin y clasificacin del
material ptreo. Puede ser:
Macroscpico
Microscpico
Rayos X

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Diapositiva 12

Propiedades Esenciales
1) DUREZA: Resistencia que ofrece un mineral a ser
rayado. Representada por la escala de Mohs, para
los minerales constituyentes de las rocas.
2) COHERENCIA: Resistencia a la disgregacin
mecnica de los granos y agregados minerales.
Factores de los cuales depende: dureza de los
minerales, hbito de cristalizacin, tipo de unin
intercristalina, del cementante de las rocas
sedimentarias, planos de debilidad, etc.

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Diapositiva 13

Propiedades Esenciales
3) COMPACIDAD: Presencia de huecos en las
rocas. Influyen tanto la porosidad como la presencia
de microfisuras.
4) TENACIDAD: Resistencia de una roca a
fragmentarse mediante impacto.
Depende tanto del tipo, forma y tamao de los
minerales como de la existencia de superficies de
mnima cohesin.

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Diapositiva 14

Clasificacin de Ensayos segn


Propiedades de los ridos
COMPOSICIN
COMPOSICIN
TEXTURA
MINERALOGICA MINERALOGICA Y TEXTURA
DUREZA
COHERENCIA TENACIDAD COMPACIDAD
DESGASTE LOS ANGELES
C
A
B
MICRO DEVAL
B
A
C
FRAGMENTACION DINAMICA
C
A
B
PULIMENTO ACELERADO
A
B
ATAQUE POR SOLUCIONES
A
B
DE SULFATOS
ABSORCION DE AGUA
A
PESO ESPECIFICO
B
Y ADHERENCIA

Las letras establecen un orden de importancia relativa, sin ningn significado cuantitativo.

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Diapositiva 15

Cualidades Predominantes en los Materiales Ptreos Inalterados


GRUPO DE
ARIDOS

Peso
especfico

Dureza

Arenisca

Bajo a
medio

Moderadamente
duro a duro

Escasa a
elevada

Escasa a
media

Media

Basalto

Medio a
elevado

Duro

Elevada

Media
a elevada

Elevada

Caliza

Bajo a
medio

Blando a
moderadamente
duro

Media a
elevada

Media a
elevada

Media a
elevada

Cuarcita

Medio

Muy duro

Media a
elevada

Media a
elevada

Media a
elevada

Esquisto

Medio a
elevado

Muy blando a
duro

Escasa a
elevada

Media a
elevada

Escasa

Granito

Medio

Duro, con un
componente
mineral muy
duro

Elevada

Elevada

Media a
elevada

Prfido

Medio

Duro, con un
componente
mineral muy
duro

Elevada

Elevada

Elevada

Coherencia Compacidad

Tenacidad

Observaciones
Sus cualidades
dependen muy
estrechamente
del grado de
cementacin.
Las rocas de este
tipo se encuentran
con ms frecuencia
alteradas que las
de otros grupos.
La dureza y
coherencia
decrecen con el
contenido de arcilla.
La dureza aumenta
con la presencia de
dolomita.
Rocas constituidas
en esencia por
cuarzo, mineral
prcticamente
inalterable.
Materiales en
ocasiones muy
sensibles a la
meteorizacin. Dan
formas lajosas en
los ridos.
Sus cualidades
como ridos estn
afectadas por el
tamao de grano y
proporcin de mica.
Muy diversos tipos
de materiales se
conocen con
frecuencia con el
trmino ambiguo de
prfidos.

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Diapositiva 16

Granulometra
La composicin granulomtrica tiene una
gran influencia en:

Drenabilidad,
Compactabilidad,
Textura Superficial,
Resistencia Mecnica...

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Diapositiva 17

Granulometra y Macrotextura
La calidad friccional de un pavimento depende
de la Macrotextura:
Curvas Continuas - mezclas cerradas,
impermeables, y con buena resistencia
estructural :
Resistencia Friccional BAJA
Curvas Discontinuas - mezclas abiertas,
elevado porcentaje de vacos, calidad
estructural disminuida:
Resistencia Friccional BUENA

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Diapositiva 18

Limpieza del rido


Es necesario evitar la contaminacin por:
Partculas de naturaleza orgnica
Polvo mineral
Partculas arcillosas
Se establece por los ensayos de:
_ Equivalente de Arena (IRAM 1682)
_ Azul de Metileno (IRAM 1594)

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Diapositiva 19

Inalterabilidad de los ridos


Deben provenir de rocas sanas y no deben
ser susceptibles de ningn tipo de
meteorizacin o alteracin fsico-qumica.
Ensayo Petrogrfico, Rayos X.

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Diapositiva 20

rido Grueso
Se define como rido grueso, la parte
del rido total retenida en el tamiz
4,75mm (IRAM 1501)

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Diapositiva 21

Forma del rido Grueso


La forma afecta al esqueleto mineral del rido.
Las partculas se clasifican como:
Redondeadas
Cbicas
Lajas
Agujas (Elongadas)
Es necesario poner limitaciones al contenido de
partculas con mala forma (lajosas y elongadas).

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Diapositiva 22

Calibres: Lajosidad y Elongacin

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Diapositiva 23

ndices de Lajosidad y
Elongacin (IRAM 1687)
Son los porcentajes, en peso, sobre el total de la
muestra, de partculas lajosas y elongadas.

200 partculas mnimo


superior a 6,3mm
Lajosas: pasantes por calibre de ranuras
Elongadas: retenidas por calibre de barras

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Diapositiva 24

Angulosidad y Caras de
Fractura (IRAM 1851)
A mayor angulosidad y textura superficial
de las partculas, mayor resistencia del
esqueleto mineral.
Se determina la proporcin de agregado con
dos o ms caras de fractura.
Hasta tamiz 2,5mm

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Diapositiva 25

Mquina de Desgaste Los ngeles

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Diapositiva 26

Resistencia a la fragmentacin

Desgaste Los ngeles


(IRAM 1532)
De amplia difusin internacional
Se utiliza la granulometra ms cercana a la
que se aplicar en obra.
En Europa: gradacin 10-14mm
5kg de muestra
500 vueltas; se tamiza por tamiz 1,7mm
El valor LA es el porcentaje que pasa el
tamiz 1,7mm sobre el total de la muestra.

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Diapositiva 27

Ensayo Los ngeles B


ordenado por tipo de roca
Los Angeles "B"
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

B: BASALTO

CU: CUARCITA

GGN: GRANITO/GNEISS

G: GRANITO

D: DOLOMITA

RI: RIOLITA

ECU: ESQUISTO/CUARCITA

C/G: CALIZA/GRANITO

GRV: GRAVA

CUC: CUARCITA/CALCAREO

ACU: ARENISCA/CUARCITA

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Diapositiva 28

Ensayo Los ngeles C


ordenado por tipo de roca
Los Angeles "C"
55

60

38

19

23

28

28
30

35

37
33

S d E_ G

33

32

S d E_ G

32

Bs As_ G

31

Bs As_ G

28

Bs As_ G

Bs As_ G

28

Bs As_ G

28

26
Bs As_ G

Cdba_ G

26
L P_ G

Bs As_ G

25

26

28

24

Bs As_ G

Cdba_ G

24

Bs As_ G

22

22

Bs As_ G

21

19

21

Cdba_ B

17

21

19

Cdba_ B

19

Mnes_ B

19

Mnes_ B

E R_ B

18

15

Mnes_ B

14
S L_ B

Cdba_ B

Cntes_ B

14
Cntes_ B

20

L P_ A

25

30

Bs As_ G

40

Cdba_ G

50

10

B: BASALTO

A: ANDESITA

G: GRANITO

CU: CUARCITA

RI: RIOLITA

D: DOLOMITA

S L_ AR

Bs As_ D

L P_ RI

Chc_ CU

Bs As_ CU

Bs As_ CU

S d E_ CU

Cdba_ G

Bs As_ G

Bs As_ G

E R_ B

AR: ARCOSA

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Diapositiva 29

Factores a tener en cuenta


Los factores que influyen en el desgaste Los
ngeles son:

Roca de origen
Gradacin
Forma de las partculas
Homogeneidad del material

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Diapositiva 30

Aparato Micro-Deval

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Diapositiva 31

Detalles del Ensayo Micro-Deval

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Diapositiva 32

Micro-Deval (IRAM 1762)


El ensayo consiste en medir el desgaste producido
por frotamiento entre los agregados con una carga
abrasiva, dentro de un cilindro en rotacin.

500g de agregado 10-14mm


Carga abrasiva 5000g
Agua 2,5lts.
12.000 vueltas en el cilindro, a 100 vlt./min.
El valor MD es el porcentaje que pasa el
tamiz 1,6mm sobre el total de la muestra.

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Diapositiva 33

Grfico comparativo entre Los ngeles C


y Micro-Deval 3/8-1/4
LA "C" - MD 9,5-6,3
C_orig
MD_9,5-6,3

60

50

40

30

20

10

L P_ RI

S L_ AR

Bs As_ D

S d E_ CU

Chc_ CU
Bs As_ CU

S d E_ G

Bs As_ CU

Cdba_ G

S d E_ CU

S d E_ G

Bs As_ G
Bs As_ G

Bs As_ G

Cdba_ G

Bs As_ G
Cdba_ G

L P_ G

Bs As_ G
Bs As_ G

Bs As_ G

Cdba_ G

Bs As_ G
Bs As_ G

Cdba_ B
Bs As_ B

Bs As_ G

E R_ B

Cdba_ B

Mnes_ B

Mnes_ B

L P_ A

Mnes_ B

Cntes_ B

S L_ B

Cdba_ B

Cntes_ B

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Diapositiva 34

Esquema del Equipo CPA

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Diapositiva 35

Pndulo de Friccin

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Diapositiva 36

Probeta CPA

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Diapositiva 37

Coeficiente de Pulimento
Acelerado (IRAM 1543)
Este ensayo reproduce, de una forma acelerada, el
pulimento que experimenta el rido de un pavimento
bajo la accin del trnsito.

Las irregularidades superficiales de las


partculas determinan su textura superficial:
MICROTEXTURA
A mayor aspereza:
_aumenta el rozamiento interno del
esqueleto mineral
_mejora la resistencia al deslizamiento

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Diapositiva 38

Ensayo CPA

Partculas de agregado entre 10 y 7,1mm


Se colocan en una base de resina (probeta).
Hasta 7 agregados diferentes por ensayo.
Las probetas se desgastan con una llanta de
caucho y polvos abrasivos.
El coeficiente de pulimento se determina
con el pndulo de friccin.

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Diapositiva 39

Relacin Resistencia - Porosidad


CPA depende de la
naturaleza petrogrfica
CPA alto (bueno):
minerales de durezas
muy diferentes
CPA bajo (malo):
misma dureza y
desgaste uniforme

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Diapositiva 40

Grfico comparativo entre


CPA y Micro-Deval
CPA - MD
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

MD_9,5-6,3

CPA

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Diapositiva 41

Aparato de Fragmentacin Dinmica

MASA kg

MUESTRA
MOLDE

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Diapositiva 42

Fragmentacin Dinmica
(IRAM 1556)
Mide la resistencia de los agregados a la
fragmentacin (por impacto).
Consta de una masa de 14kg que cae desde
40cm sobre un molde cilndrico.
350g en una fraccin 10-14mm (principal)
Se pasa por tamiz 1,6mm

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Diapositiva 43

Fragmentacin Dinmica
(IRAM 1556)
El resultado se correlaciona con el Desgaste
Los ngeles
Sencillez de instalacin y ejecucin
Poca cantidad de muestra
Fcilmente transportable
Se realiza en pocos minutos.

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Diapositiva 44

Comparaciones entre Desgaste Los ngeles


A y B y Fragmentacin Dinmica
LA "A" vs FD
40
35

Granitos

30
25

A_orig
FD16_#4-6,3

20
FD22_6,3-9,5
15

FD28_9,5-12,5

10
5

t_

St
dE
st_

Es
d
St

Es
t_
St
d

Cd
ba
_

As
_
Bs

St
d

Es
t_

LA "B" vs FD
40
35
30
25

B_orig

20

FD22_6,3-9,5
FD28_9,5-12,5

15
10
5

Cd
ba
Bs
As
Bs
As
Bs
As
St
d
Es
t
Bs
As
Bs
A
St s
dE
st
Bs
A
St s
dE
st

Bs
As
Bs
As

Bs
As
St
dE
st
Bs
As
Bs
As
Bs
As
Bs
As

Bs
As
Bs
As
Bs
As
Bs
As

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Diapositiva 45

Comparaciones entre Desgaste Los ngeles


C y Especiales, y Fragmentacin Dinmica
LA "C" vs FD
40
35

Granitos

30
25

C_orig
FD22_6,3-9,5

20
FD28_9,5-12,5
15

FD15_9,5-12,5

10
5

_
st

Es
t_

td

St
d

Bs
As
_

Bs
As
_

s_

Bs
As
_

A
s
B

Bs
As
_

LA "1/2-3/8" vs FD

LA "3/8-1/4" vs FD

35

35

30

30

25

25

20

12,5-9,5
FD28_9,5-12,5

15

FD15_9,5-12,5

20

FD22_6,3-9,5

As
_
Bs

_
As
Bs

As
_
Bs

Bs
As
_

_
As
Bs

Bs
As
_

Bs
As
_

Bs
As
_

Bs
As
_

Bs
As
_

0
Bs
As
_

9,5-6,3

15
10

10

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Diapositiva 46

Comparaciones entre Desgaste Los ngeles


A y B y Fragmentacin Dinmica
LA "A" vs FD
35
30

Basaltos

25
A_orig
20

FD16_#4-6,3
FD22_6,3-9,5

15

FD28_9,5-12,5
10
5

M
isio
ne
s

Co
rrie
nte
s

Ro
s

Mis
ion
es

C
rd
ob
a

En
tre

Mi
sio
ne
s

Mi
sio
ne
s

Mi
sio
ne
s

Co
rrie
nte
s

Co
rrie
nte
s

Co
rrie
nte
s

LA "B" vs FD
35
30
25
B_orig
20

FD16_#4-6,3

15

FD22_6,3-9,5
FD28_9,5-12,5

10
5

Stg
o.
de
lE
ste
ro

En
tre
Ro
s

C
rdo
ba

Co
rrie
nte
s

Co
rrie
nte
s

Co
rrie
nte
s

C
rdo
ba

Sa
nL
uis

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Diapositiva 47

Durabilidad por ataque con


Sulfato de Sodio o Magnesio
(IRAM 1525)
Refleja la accin desintegradora de los agentes
atmosfricos sobre los agregados empleados en
pavimentos.
Las muestras se someten a 5 ciclos de
inmersin y secado.
El producto final se somete a los tamices
especificados, segn la granulometra inicial
utilizada.

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Diapositiva 48

Inmersin en Etilen-glicol
Basaltos (IRAM 1519)
El etilen-glicol se combina con las arcillas
expansivas, producindose:
Aumento de volumen de las arcillas
Posible disgregacin del agregado
30 das de inmersin en etilen-glicol
Se separa por el tamiz 10mm.

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Diapositiva 49

Adherencia rido - Ligante


Adherencia: el proceso de formacin de
unin qumica entre la pelcula de asfalto y
la superficie del agregado.
Adherencia Activa: Recubrimiento y
Formacin de unin qumica en presencia
de agua.

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Diapositiva 50

Adherencia rido - Ligante


Es un fenmeno complejo en el cual intervienen
factores fsicos y qumicos:
Fsicos:
Limpieza, textura y porosidad del rido;
Viscosidad, tensin superficial y espesor
de la pelcula de ligante, etc.
Qumicos:
ridos Hidrfobos
ridos Hidrfilos

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Diapositiva 51

Adherencia rido - Ligante


ridos Hidrfilos
Acidez: Relacionada con un alto contenido en
slice; implica gran afinidad o avidez por el agua.
La adherencia entre los ridos silceos o cidos y
los ligantes asflticos es mala, puesto que sus
superficies se repelen (ambos tienen cargas
negativas)
HIDROFILOS
Mejoradores de adherencia: disminuyen la
tensin superficial y polarizan al ligante, creando
la adhesividad qumica.

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Diapositiva 52

Adherencia rido - Ligante


ridos Hidrfobos
Los ridos bsicos con altos contenidos en xidos
alcalinos y bajos contenidos en slice:
son menos hidroflicos que los silceos
se cargan positivamente en presencia de agua
Pueden presentar cierta atraccin por los iones
negativos libres que existen en los asfaltos
As mejoran adhesividad entre ambos materiales.

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Diapositiva 53

Clasificacin de las Rocas segn


su grado de Acidez
Contenido Silceo

100

cido

Bsico

100

Contenido de Carbonato Clcico

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Diapositiva 54

ridos baslticos
(sin aditivo)
Norma AASHTO T 182-84 (Modif. 1993) -

En Estudio: IRAM 6842

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Diapositiva 55

ridos silceos
(sin aditivo)
Norma AASHTO T 182-84 (Modif. 1993) -

En Estudio: IRAM 6842

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Diapositiva 56

Ensayo de Adherencia
rido-Ligante
Norma AASHTO T 182-84 (Modif. 1993) -

En Estudio: IRAM 6842

100g agregado seco, fraccin 9,5-6,3mm


Mezclar con 5,5g de asfalto caliente (135-149C)
hasta cubrimiento de partculas
Dejar enfriar hasta temperatura ambiente
Transferir a un vaso de vidrio y se cubre con
400ml de agua a la temperatura de punto de
ablandamiento ms 5C.
Dejar inmerso de 16 a 18 hs.
Se estima la superficie del agregado que est
cubierta en ms o en menos del 95%

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Diapositiva 57

Tabla 1. REQUISITOS PARA EL APROVISIONAMIENTO Y ACOPIO DE RIDOS


Caracterstica

Requisitos

Procedencia

Pueden ser naturales o artificiales, siempre que cumplan las


exigencias establecidas en la presente especificacin tcnica.
Deben provenir de rocas sanas y no deben ser susceptibles de
ningn tipo de meteorizacin o alteracin fsico-qumica
apreciable bajo las condiciones ms desfavorables que puedan
darse en la zona de empleo. Tampoco deben dar origen, con el
agua, a disoluciones que causen daos a estructuras u otras
capas del paquete estructural o contaminar corrientes de agua.

Nmero de
fracciones

El mnimo de fracciones diferenciadas debe ser como mnimo de


tres (3), incluido el relleno mineral (filler) de aporte. Si se estima
necesario para cumplir las tolerancias exigidas para la
granulometra de la mezcla, se debe aumentar el nmero de
fracciones.

Acopios

Cada fraccin debe acopiarse por separado.


La forma y la altura de los acopios debe ser tal que se minimicen
las segregaciones en los tamaos.
Las partes de los acopios que hayan resultado contaminadas no
deben ser empleadas en la elaboracin de mezclas aasflticas.
En tal caso debe procederse al retiro de dichas partes del
obrador.

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Diapositiva 58

Tabla 2. REQUISITOS DE LOS RIDOS GRUESOS


Ensayo

Norma

Partculas trituradas

IRAM 1851

ndice de Lajas
Coeficiente de
Desgaste Los
ngeles
Coeficiente de
Pulimento Acelerado
Durabilidad por
ataque con sulf ato de
sodio
Polvo Adherido
Plasticidad
Micro Deval
Relacin Va Seca Va Hmeda, de la
fraccin que pasa el
tamiz IRAM 75 ? m
Anlisis del Estado
Fsico de la Roca

IRAM 1687

Limpieza

Exigencia
Mnimo, 75 % de sus partculas, con 2 ms caras de fractura, y el
% restante, por lo menos con una. Para el caso de la trituracin de
rodados, el tamao mnimo de las partculas a triturar debe ser al
menos 3 veces el tamao mximo del agregado triturado resultante.
? 25 %

IRAM 1532

? 25 %

IRAM 1543

? 0,40 (valor indicativo, puesto que en Argentina el estudio de los


ridos disponibles est en desarrollo)

IRAM 1525

? 10 %

VN E 68-75
IRAM 10502
IRAM 1762

? 1,0 %
No Plstico
Determinacin obligatoria

VN E 7-65

? 50 % (1)

IRAM 1702
IRAM 1703

Determinacin obligatoria
Exento de terrones de arcilla, materia vegetal, u otras materias
extraas que puedan afectar a la durabilidad de la capa

AASHTO 182
Para el caso en que uno de los ensayos arrojara un valor inferior al
modificada y
ASTM D1664- 95 % de superficie cubierta, debe incorporarse a la mezcla asfltica
un aditivo mejorador de adherencia, que permita superar dicho valor.
80
(1) Si el pasante por el tamiz IRAM 75 ? m va hmeda es mayor del 5 %
Ensayo de
Adherencia

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Diapositiva 59

Tabla 3. REQUISITOS DE LOS RIDOS FINOS


Ensayo

Norma

Equivalente de Arena

IRAM 1682

Exigencia
El rido fino debe proceder de la trituracin de roca sana de cantera o
grava natural.La posibilidad del empleo de rido no triturado en la
formulacin de la mezcla, se fija en la Especificacin Tcnica Particular.
Exento de terrones de arcilla, materia vegetal, otras materias extraas
que puedan afectar a la durabilidad de la capa
Cuando el material que se triture para obtener el rido fino sea de la misma
naturaleza que el rido grueso, este ltimo debe entonces cumplir las
condiciones exigidas en la Tabla 2 para el coeficiente de desgaste Los
Angeles.
Se puede emplear rido fino de otra naturaleza que mejore alguna
caracterstica, en especial la adhesividad, pero en cualquier caso proceder
de rido grueso con coeficiente de desgaste Los ngeles ? 25 %
? 50 %

Plasticidad de la fraccin
que pasa tamiz IRAM
0,425 mm

IRAM 10502

No plstico

Plasticidad de la fraccin
que pasa tamiz IRAM
0,075 mm

IRAM 10502

? 4%

Relacin Va Seca-Va
Hmeda, de la fraccin
que pasa el tamiz IRAM
0,075

VN E 7-65

Procedencia

---

Limpieza

---

Resistencia
a la fragment acin

---

Granulometra

---

? 50 % (1)
Debe permitir encuadrar dentro del huso preestablecido, la gradacin
resultante junto con la composicin de las restantes fracciones.

(1) Si el pasante por el tamiz IRAM 0,075 va hmeda es mayor del 5

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Diapositiva 60

Algunos Resultados de Ensayos


TIPO

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

PROVINCIA

Corrientes
Corrientes
Corrientes
Corrientes
Corrientes
Corrientes
Corrientes
Corrientes
Entre Ros
Entre Ros
Entre Ros
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones
Misiones

A
Orig.

B
Orig.

LOS ANGELES
C
D
12,5-9,5 9,5-6,3
Orig.
Orig.

16

19
14

17
15

FRAGMENTACION DINAMICA
16
22
28
15
#4-6,3 6,3-9,5 9,5-12,5 9,5-12,5 16-9,5

11

11

17
15
17
19
18

28
29

30
28

26
27

20

18

17

23
19

23
19

23
17

31

30

29

29
19

29
21

27
21

11

15
15
15
24

21
17
17

18
12
21
18
18

20
8
13
11
18
17

24

25
21

20
14
16
16

10
24
18

16

CPA
6,3-#4

15

12

43

14

13

14

42
45

26

27

23

52

15
29

15
30

16
30

45
49

20

22

19

45

7
25
22

19
21
26
13
10
14

15

13

19
24
22

MICRO DEVAL
12,5-9,5 9,5-6,3

18
16
15

31
24
34
33
24

16

19

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Diapositiva 61

TIPO

PROVINCIA

CU
B
B
B
B
B
C/G
C/G
CUC
G

Chaco
Crdoba
Crdoba
Crdoba
Crdoba
Crdoba
Crdoba
Crdoba
Crdoba
Crdoba

G
G

Crdoba
Crdoba

G
G

Crdoba
Crdoba

G Crdoba
GGN Crdoba
GGN Crdoba
GRV Crdoba
GRV Crdoba
A La Pampa
G La Pampa
RI La Pampa
RI La Pampa
RI La Pampa
AR San Luis
B San Luis
B San Luis
CU Stgo. del Estero
CU Stgo. del Estero
CU Stgo. del Estero
E C U Stgo. del Estero
G Stgo. del Estero
G Stgo. del Estero
G Stgo. del Estero
G Stgo. del Estero
G Stgo. del Estero
G Stgo. del Estero
G Stgo. del Estero

A
Orig.

B
Orig.

LOS ANGELES
C
D
12,5-9,5 9,5-6,3
Orig.
Orig.

35
22
21
19

17

23
24

14
36
33
23
25

FRAGMENTACION DINAMICA
16
22
28
15
#4-6,3 6,3-9,5 9,5-12,5 9,5-12,5 16-9,5

31

15

29

28

22

25

21
36
31
24
29

22
36
33
25
28

27
13
23
33
28
25
28

18

17

19

13

31
22
20
37
28
28
28
39
37

18
19
19

18
26
19

17

14
34
23

21
33
20
30
27

23
30
28

36

35
20

17

21
30

11
10
31
14

14

38

32

MICRO DEVAL
12,5-9,5 9,5-6,3

19

27
28
33
32
17

29
30
35
35
16

32
30
37
33
18

24
26
27
28
14
10
32
23
22
26
19
18
30
28
24
27
22

23
23
25
29
11
11
26
23
22
27
20
21
29
30
27
33
22

23
23
24

16
15
15

35
24
27

21
25

46
48
53

13

13

13

43

13
13

15
13

16
13

44
45

27

27

24

45

30

33

36

51

14
8
6

15
10

50
42
35

11
6

9
3
3

6
11

9
14
13
29
25
23
27
21
21
30
32
27
31
27

7
21

CPA
6,3-#4

24

20

20

22
17

11
16

36
41
47
46

14

10

43

14

10

40

14

13

40

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Diapositiva 62

LOS ANGELES
TIPO

PROVINCIA

CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
CU
D
D
D
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
GRV

Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires

A
Orig.

B
Orig.

C
Orig.

D
Orig.

FRAGMENTACION DINAMICA
12,5-9,5

9,5-6,3

55
24

16
#4-6,3

MICRO DEVAL
22
28
15
6,3-9,5 9,5-12,5 9,5-12,5 16-9,5 12,5-9,5 9,5-6,3

47
31

46
31

46
30

45

44

43

37
42
51

38
43
50

38
42
51

28

31

28
30

26
32

28
48

48

11

13

42

23

31

47

20

26
24

16

42
50
40

7
5

9
5

11
7

40
39

55
36
44
63
26
31

30

28

21

28
21
22

27
31
25
24

15
22
27

17
19
32
26
28
28

17

17
24

32

17
25
23

19

12
17
18

21
29

13
18

20
19
27
27
24

14
11

31
27
22

19
27
26
22
20
31
27
20

29
27
29

30
30
31

32
28
33

25
19
25
29
29
31
15

25
19
24
29
31
33
16

26
19

20
22
16

15

4
7
6
7
11
5
9
7

9
13
6

40
42
45
42
44
45
38

10
19

32

42

10

41

13
7

22

22
18

26
33

8
7

33

28
33
28
19
13
20
26
23
27

22

6
10
7

29

24
24

21
27
27

29

24
26
22

28

21
24
27

CPA
6,3-#4

31

31
29
28
14

15

9
7

15
17

6
8

5
7

46
11

43

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Diapositiva 63

Muchas Gracias!

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Diapositiva 64

Anexos

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Diapositiva 65

Peso Especfico
Peso especfico aparente
Peso especfico bruto o Bulk
Peso especfico efectivo

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Diapositiva 66

Peso Especfico APARENTE


Volumen de SLIDO (Vs)

Volumen de poros PERMEABLES (Vp)

Volumen de poros IMPERMEABLES (Vi)

Peso especfico Aparente


[gr/cm 3]

Peso del agregado seco


Vs + Vi

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Diapositiva 67

Peso Especfico BRUTO o BULK


Volumen de SOLIDO (Vs)

Volumen de poros PERMEABLES (Vp)

AGUA ABSORBIDA (24hs)

Volumen de poros IMPERMEABLES (Vi)

Peso especfico Bruto (bulk)


[gr/cm3]

Peso del agregado seco

Vs + Vi + Vp

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Diapositiva 68

Peso Especfico EFECTIVO


Volumen de SOLIDO (Vs)

Volumen de poros PERMEABLES (Vp)


Volumen de poros IMPERMEABLES (Vi)

BETN ABSORBIDO

Volumen de POROS PERMEABLES sin betn (Vpa)

Peso especfico Efectivo


[gr/cm 3]

Peso del agregado seco


Vs + Vi + Vpa

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Diapositiva 69

Absorcin
ABSORCIN [%]

3.0

2.5

?
?
?

?
?

2.0

?
?

?
?

1.5

? ??

1.0

?
?

??
?
? ? ?

??

?
?

? ?

??
?

?
?
?

0.5

ARENISCAS
CUARCTICAS

CUARCITAS

0.0

?
?

GRANTICAS Y
GRANITOIDES

BASLTICAS

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Diapositiva 70

Peso Especfico
?

2.9

?
?

?
?

2.8

?
?
?
?
?

2.7
?

?
?? ?
??

?
?

?
?

? ?

?
?
?

2.6

??
?

?
?
?
?
?

2.5

CUARCITAS

2.4

ARENISCAS
CUARCTICAS

PESO ESPECIFICO [kg/dm]

3.0

GRANTICAS Y
GRANITOIDES

BASLTICOS

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Diapositiva 71

Equivalente de Arena
Las partculas finas o arcillosas son
responsables en mayor o menor grado del
mal comportamiento del agregado.
El ensayo se realiza sobre el material que
pasa por el tamiz 4,75mm
Un medio rpido para separar partculas
finas o arcillosas de los granos ms gruesos
Se calculan las proporciones relativas,
comparndolas en base a su volumen.

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Diapositiva 72

Azul de Metileno
Es adsorbido por las arcillas, las materias
orgnicas y los hidrxidos de hierro.
Esta capacidad tiene en cuenta la actividad
superficial de estos compuestos.
El ensayo evala la actividad de las
partculas contaminantes
Se obtiene un valor por comparacin con
una escala de colores.

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Diapositiva 73

Polvo Adherido
El ensayo mide la cantidad de polvo
adherido a la superficie del rido.
Entre los tamices 9,5mm y 4,75mm.
En el tubo de asentamiento, se lee la
cantidad de polvo asentado despus de
24hs.
Se expresa en porcentaje, o sea sobre 100g
del agregado ensayado.

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