1 Design

Gutenbergs
42 line bible Design
anno 1452 The best bibles in 500 years

O ne of the very first books printed with movable type in the

west was Gutenbergs famous 42 line bible. It still stands out as
a masterpiece of bookdesign. Gutenbergs method was laborious and
gave the compositor ample time to attend to the needs of every let
ter on the page. Gutenbergs intent was to emulate handwriting, but
the end result showed that printing with movable type was not only
capable of equaling caligraphy, but also of surpassing it in beauty and
functionality. After the industrial revolution, and the following
increase in production speeds, it hasnt been feasible to invest the
manpower it takes to achieve this level of craftmanship.
Recent advances in information techno
logy is changing all this, and by using scripting and advanced automa
tion to minimize man-hours spent on basic pagemaking, 2Krogh has
become a market-leader in bible design and pagemaking.
Our workflow frees up the designer to
apply his skills to creating great typography while keeping the price
per page at a record low. It is our ambition to deliver the best bibles in
500 years, produced using state of the art workflows and technology at
competitive prices. In this book you will find sections by
2Krogh on design & typesetting and by Jongbloed on printing &
bookbinding interspersed with examples of our work reproduced in
full size on genuine bible paper. We hope that these examples will
serve to demonstrate our core values: readability, usability &
durability. At the end of each section, you will find
extensive glossaries covering useful terms to know when discussing
design and production with 2Krogh & Jongbloed.

Design 2 3 Design
 Gustav Vasas
swedish bible
anno 1541

Design 4 5 Design
 Glossary
Design and Typography
Aperture The open space inside characters such as C, S and U.
Ascender The part of characters like f, t and i that extend above the x-height.
Baseline The imaginary line on which a glyph stands, disregarding decenders.
Bleed The amount of overlap on printed objects to allow for cropping.
Body Size The size in Points of the main body copy.
Body Copy The primary body of text in a book.
Book Block A number of signatures gathered to form the main body of a book.
Bowl The open round shape in characters like C, G, e, a.
Cap Height The height of upper case letters as measured from the baseline.
Colour (type) The relative darkness of a typeset text. Different from the weight of a typeface.
Colophon A page in the preliminaries containing technical information and production notes.
Contrast (type) The modulation of glyph stroke-width and contrast between thick and thin strokes.
Counter The closed space inside characters like p, a.
Cover Hard or soft covers enclosing the book block and endpapers.
Cover Boards The heavy cardboard sides of a hardcover book.
Composition The arrangement of text and images on pages.
Correction marks Standardised marks for indicating corrections to a text. See iso 5776.
Crop Marks Rectangular markings showing the dimensions of the format before trimming.
Descender The part of characters like j, q and p that extend below the baseline.
Dot Leader A row of periods connecting left-aligned text with right-aligned numerals.
Drop Cap A large capital initial mortised into the text.
Dust Jacket A loose, printed paper cover on hardcover books.
Elevated Cap A large capital initial elevated above the text.
Em (space) A typographical space defined as the square of the type size. (Lit. a square the size of an m.)
En (space) A space half as wide as an Em.
Endpaper 2 or more leaves between the book block and the cover. Often a different paper quality than
the rest of the book.
Fleuron A leaf-like ornament, also called Floral Heart or Aldus leaf after the Venetian bookprinter.
Flush Left Type set with a flush left edge and consequently ragged right edge. See fully justified.
Fully Justified Type set with flush left and right edges.
Folio The page number on a given page.
Font Datafiles used by computers to represent typefaces.
Fore-edge The edge of a book furthest from the spine.
Footer Material at the bottom of the page seperate from the main body of text. See header.
Form One side of a Signature.
Format The dimensions of the book page when cropped, width by height.
Frontispice The verso page to the titlepage.
Gutter The internal margins on a spread. Also the margin between two columns of text.
Gutter Bleed Printed matter that continues unbroken across the gutter.
Glyph The manifest design and shape of a character in a given typeface.
Half Title Also Bastard Title. A page preceding the title page in the preliminaries containing nothing
but the title of the book.
Hardcover A book bound in rigid protective covers, as opposed to a paperback.
Hanging figures Old-style figures, numerals for running text as opposed to tabular figures for columns.
Header Material at the top of the page seperate from the main body of text. See also footer and
running head.
Italic A cursive companion typeface used for emphasis of words or paragraphs.
Leaf A single leaf of a book, the front and back side of a page.
Leading The spacing between the baselines in set text. Measured in points. [pronounced like the
metal lead]
Manuscript The text source of a book prior to publishing. (Lit.: written by hand.)
Margin The unprinted whitespace around the main body of text.
Monotonic Modern greek with only one tonic accent, as opposed to polytonic.
Paper grain The direction of long cellulose fibres in the paper, influences paper orientation in a book.
Paperback A book bound in paper as opposed to a hardcover book.
pdf Portable Document Format from Adobe. A data file used for digital exchange of material
prior to printing.
Preliminaries Also front matter. Introductory matter preceding the main text. Contains eg. titlepage,
colophon and introduction.
Point A typographical measure, used for specifying type size and leading. Abbreviated pt.
Polytonic Classical greek with multiple tonic accents.
Proof A print of the typeset manuscript. Used for proofreading.
Proofreading Checking the proof against the manuscript. Marking corrections on the proof with standard
correction marks.
Ragged right Type that is set with a ragged right edge and a flush left.
Recto An odd-numbered page, the right page of a spread. See verso.
Running Head A contextual header, often consisting of the chapter name
Sans Serif A typeface with serif-less glyphs. Also called Grotesque or Gothic.
Serif The small feet at the extremes of roman letters, also a typeface with serifs.
Signature Also Gathering. A printed sheet, folded several times.
Solid Type set without any additional leading, eg. 12pt type with 12pt leading.
Spine The back of the cover between the front and back.
Spread The left and right pages viewed as an entity.
Textblock The part of the page occupied by a block of set text, bordered by margins.
Titlepage A recto page containing the title of the book. See also Frontispice.
Trimming Cropping the printed book block to the dimensions of the format.
Typeface A set of glyphs with a common visual identity. Distributed as a font.
Type Size Also body size. The size of set text measured in points.
Verso An even-numbered page, the left page of a spread. See recto.
Weight The boldness of glyphs in a given typeface.
X-height The height of type as measured from the baseline to the top of lowercase x.
7 Design
Design 8 John Baskervilles
folio bible
anno 1763