Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Report 2015
Contents
1. Climate..............................................................................................................................4
2. Energy: 277 kWh/m2........................................................................................................8
3. Water consumption........................................................................................................12
4. Waste management and separation.............................................................................13
5. Transport.........................................................................................................................16
6. Construction and maintenance projects.......................................................................18
7. Procurement: Environmental and social responsibility at UiO.....................................19
8. Environmental management..........................................................................................21
9. Other environmental aspects and conditions.............................................................. 22
10. Networks and collaborative fora related to operational environmental activities..... 23
11. References....................................................................................................................24
12. Key figures UiO 2015................................................................................................... 25
PREFACE:
1. Climate
A green university is a climate-friendly university.
Since our goal is to become a green university, we
need to monitor our own climate impact and work
to reduce it.
1.1. UiOs greenhouse gas emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions can be estimated in
many ways, and it is a challenge for a large and
complex organization to monitor its total and
actual, direct and indirect, emissions of greenhouse gases. A number of factors have an effect on
UiOs greenhouse gas accounts, including its own
activities, supply chains and external parameters.
Environmental reports such as this one must simplify and select discrete areas to be able to meaningfully illustrate performance over time. This
environmental report will focus on climate-related
consequences associated with energy in the form
of heating and electric power, as well as transport
in the form of air travel.
1.1.1. Electricity: 225 tonnes of CO2
UiO purchases guarantees of origin, and the greenhouse gas emissions are estimated on this basis,
see Table 1. For the sake of comparison, the table
also shows how the figures would have looked on
the basis of a Nordic power mix with no guarantees of origin.
CO2 emissions from power generation depend
on the source of energy (coal, gas, hydropower
Guarantees of origin
All electric power purchased for UiOs activities in Norway
is delivered with a certificate of origin. This ensures that
100 per cent of UiOs consumption of electricity comes
from guaranteed renewable sources. The guarantees
of origin purchased by UiO are based on 100 per cent
hydropower.
Power consumption
CO2 emissions with guarantee of origin
(tonnes of CO2)
In comparison: CO2 emissions with a Nordic power
mix, without guarantee of origin (tonnes of CO2)
2012
2013
2014
2015
79388
79315
76671
74985
238
238
230
225
13893
13880
13417
13122
2012
2013
2014
2015
66424 MWh
73279 MWh
60263 MWh
64543 MWh
2059 tonnes
1612 tonnes
1205 tonnes
968 tonnes
Table 3: Fossil fuels as a proportion of the district heating energy mix 20102015
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
20.6
10.9
2.8
2.1
1.3
0.7
5.1
5.3
3.1
1.5
1.6
0.6
25.7
16.2
5.9
3.6
2.9
1.3
2 500 000
Flexible
electricity 26 %
2 000 000
1 500 000
1 000 000
Recycled
heat 59 %
500 000
0
2010
Ambient heat 9 %
2011 2012 2013 2014
Recycled heat
Flexible electricity
Bioenergy 4 %
Ambient heat
Fossil gas
2015
Bioenergy
Fossil oil
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
99
78
31
22
20
15
CO2 (tonnes)
Distance (km)
2010
43 818 284
4 129
2011
49 738 055
4 660
2012
54 570 484
5 129
2013
57 831 277
6 041
2014
57 471 937
5 846
2015
57 421 566
5 463
10
print than that of the universitys total energy consumption as estimated in the chapter on energy.
Table 5 shows that the total distance travelled by
air has remained stable over the last three years.
There has been a small reduction in greenhouse
gas emissions over the last two years. This reduction is due to more fuel-efficient aircraft as well
as small changes in the travel pattern.
In 2015, UiO employees flew a total distance of
57 421 566 km. This is equivalent to 1436 times around the equator. The direct greenhouse gas emissions correspond to 5 463 tonnes of CO2.
While most other means of transport can be
fuelled by renewable and sustainable energy carriers, the air transport industry remains reliant on
fossil fuels. Since each flight causes direct greenhouse gas emissions, the choice of working modes
and means of transport is crucial.
In recent years, UiO has significantly expanded
its various options for remote participation and
telecommuting, such as facilities for video conferencing and video meetings, and numerous options for one-to-one video chat and electronic collaboration platforms. This has provided a content
for UiOs travel policy, while also considering that
for some air travel there are no adequate alternatives available today. As stated in UiOs travel policy:
The journey shall be cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Always consider whether travel can be substituted by a telephone meeting or a
video conference.
1.3. Management of funds and indirect climate
impact: Unifor
UNIFOR The Administrative Foundation for
Funds and Endowments at the University of Oslo
was established by UiO in the autumn of 1993. UNIFORs objective is to coordinate, manage and administer non-profit foundations, funds and endowments that do not undertake business activities.
The board of UNIFOR is appointed by the University of Oslo. The board is responsible for monitoring that the administration, management, processing of applications and accounts of foundations
under the administration of UNIFOR are undertaken appropriately and with proper facilitation.
In 2015, the foundations allocated a total of NOK
NTNU
Nansen
Andre
Andre
UiO-fond
Anders Jahre
Throne Holst
Tyen og og Freieafondet
Observatoriefondet
11
12
13
kWh accumulated
10 000 000
8 000 000
6 000 000
4 000 000
2 000 000
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Periods 1 Jan. 31. Dec. 2017
(1 period = 6 months)
Savings target
15 000 000
Total electricity
Total heating
12 000 000
60 000 000
6 000 000
30 000 000
3 000000
14
9 000 000
0
2012
0
2013
2014
2015
Energy cost
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Electricity (NOK)
74 058 597
78 098 211
57 291 071
62 325 476
69 089 524
58 253 971
54 926 535
59 706 802
52 179 283
54 845 287
51 504 497
49 840 496
and Maintenance Section of the Estate Department in 20162017. The goal is for the ED to monitor consumption on an ongoing basis and obtain
knowledge about the relationship between activities and consumption in all buildings and facilities
by the end of 2016.
The maximum consumption is costly. Part of
UiOs total costs for electric power is the peak
demand charge. This is a cost element linked to
monthly maximum consumption. It has been
impossible to provide total expenditure in the
form of actual figures (NOK) and their proportion
of total costs.
2.2.2. Electricity
The consumption of electricity remains relatively
stable through the year, but with a slight dip during
the summer holidays when the students are away.
This decrease associated with a reduced level of
activity is compensated for by the more frequent
Figure 8: Electricity consumption 2015 (kwh)
12 000
6 000 000
01
12
/2
01
11
/2
01
10
/2
01
/2
01
/2
09
01
/2
07
08
01
06
/2
01
05
/2
01
01
/2
01
/2
0
04
01
2 000
/2
1 000 000
4 000
01
2 000 000
03
6 000
8 000
3 000 000
01
/
02 201
/2 5
03 01
/ 5
04 201
/ 5
05 201
/ 5
06 201
/ 5
07 201
/ 5
08 201
/ 5
09 201
/ 5
10 201
/ 5
11 201
/ 5
12 201
/2 5
01
5
Heating MWh
/2
4 000 000
10 000
02
5 000 000
15
16
3. Water consumption
Water consumption in 2015 amounted to 334 029
m3. This is an increase of 27 per cent over 2014.
The level of water consumption varies through
the year. Ordinary water consumption follows the
level of activity at the university. Large volumes of
water are still in use for cooling of machinery and
equipment. A considerable volume is also used for
research-oriented indoor fish farming.
450 000
400 000
381 004.80
350 000
334 029.28
300 000
250 000
256 332.35
238 201.12
235 650.69
200 000
262 347.14
150 000
100 000
50 000
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
17
18
Source
separation
50%
Residual waste
50%
increase in waste production per employee shall be
halted, and waste production shall be reduced by
five per cent per employee before the end of 2020
when compared to volumes in 2014.
The rate of waste recycling shall be increased from
32 per cent in 2014 to 80 per cent by the end of 2018.
The objective of a 50 per cent recycling rate for
December 2015 was achieved. The recycling rate
for 2015 as a whole amounted to 45 per cent.
4.1.2. New routines
Various trial projects have been undertaken,
involving different containers and their location,
signs and information material, mechanical equipment and forms of collaboration with the refuse
disposal services.
A full roll-out of new waste recycling systems
has been undertaken at the Faculty of Social Sciences. This was implemented as a pilot project with
an emphasis on gaining experience.
Prior to the implementation a number of waste
composition analyses were undertaken to clarify
the potential for increased separation and to assess
In the picture: Rector Ole Petter Ottersen and University Director GunnElin Aa. Bjrneboe welcome the start of waste recycling
19
Figure 12: Distribution of different waste types at UiO for 2015 as a whole (tonnes)
Food waste
Animal by-products (abp)
Park and garden waste
Mixed, treated wood
Clean cardboard
Office paper
Shredded paper
Mixed cardboard, paper, cartonboard
Glass and metal packaging
Mixed glass
Mixed metals
Large household appliances
Small household appliances
Mixed EE waste
Clean soil masses
Contaminated soil masses
Plaster
Roofing paper/tar paper
Mixed plastic packaging
Plastic foil, transparent
Hard plastic, packaging
Expanded and extruded plastics
Mixed plastics, mixed fractions
Infectious waste
Hazardous waste
Mixed industrial waste for separation
Separated flammable waste
20
100
200
300
400
500
UiO will assume responsibility for meeting the environmental and climate challenges by providing research and education that
are relevant to the environment and through sustainable operations.
21
5. Transportation
Transport gives rise to a number of environmental challenges associated with the production and
operation of vehicles and the required infrastructure: accessibility, traffic and social planning.
Transport is one of the key sectors with regard
to historic and future climate change, globally as
well as nationally. Globally, only the energy sector
emits more CO2. The emissions from the transport
sector are growing continuously, and this sector
may therefore account for a larger proportion of
future emissions. Road transport provides the largest contribution to global warming, now as well
as in the future. The second largest contribution is
provided by air transport, while the contribution
from rail transport is negligible.
The City of Oslo has already implemented significant measures to decrease environmental
impacts by upgrading public transport and promoting the use of electric cars. The political leadership in the City of Oslo has identified environmentally friendly transport as one of its top priorities.
Environmentally friendly transport: The Mail Services and Printing section switched to electric cars in 2015
22
300
278
200
150
UiO users
250
148
108
100
56
50
2012
2013
2014
2015
15 000
12019
9 000
6 000
Km driven
12 000
3 000
1294
2012
217
2013
5.2. Taxi
There was a small decline in taxi expenses from
2013 to 2014. In 2015, the decline in costs for the
use of taxi services amounted to approximately
seven per cent. We have been unable to retrieve
data on distances driven. We may assume that part
of the reduction in the use of taxi services is due to
the increased use of UiOs electric car-pool scheme.
UiO spent NOK 1.26 million on rental cars in
2015. If rental of transport vans is also included,
the total sum amounts to NOK 2.3 million for 2015.
The motivation for renting a car will often be the
need to have a car available over time. A considerable proportion of the cost is probably associated
with this, in addition to the transport itself. Estimating the environmental effect of UiOs use of
rental cars is therefore difficult.
5.3. Air travel
UiOs use of air travel is described in the chapter on
climate, page 9 in this report.
1076
2014
2015
400
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
354
Number of trips
350
53
44
8
2012
2013
2014
2015
23
6. Construction and
maintenance projects
6.1. General environmental provisions
in all construction and maintenance projects
General environmental provisions are included in
the Technical Regulations (TEK 10): Measures shall
be planned, designed and implemented in such a
way that the project complies with the technical
requirements for environment and energy. TEK
10 with appurtenant requirements thus define
environmental provisions and are regarded as
mandatory for the activities of all departments.
The Master Plan for UiOs properties, Space for
an outstanding, green university and for Oslo,
the city of knowledge includes further environmental provisions. The plan affirms that UiO aims
to become a greener university. This will involve
new energy solutions and more efficient use of
space. It also means that whenever a change is to
be planned and implemented, the university shall
assess any potential environmental effects, so as
to take numerous small steps in the right direction and thus produce tangible results over time.
Section 3.7 of the Green UiO Environment and
Sustainability plan states that UiO shall choose
cutting-edge, but not experimental environmental
technology for new construction as well as renovation of existing buildings.
The Master Plan also defines requirements for
all new construction projects, and UiO will use
BREEAM to document its own environmental
approach to management of its properties. All new
buildings shall conform to the BREEAM Excellent
standard as a minimum. In renovation of existing
buildings, we will assess whether the building is
suitable for setting BREEAM Excellent as a goal.
The use of BREEAM certification and methodology
will be crucial to achieve UiOs goals in the area
of environment and energy. In 2015, a renovation
BREEAM
is Norways first and the worlds leading project and
audit tool for sustainable buildings. The criteria used
for assessment include management, building layout
and ecology, energy, materials, water, waste, transport,
pollution, health and indoor climate.
24
Means of transport
Miscellaneous
Servicing and
maintenance of
equipment
Freight, relocation
and messenger
services
Property management
500
Services
400
Lease of premises
300
200
100
HR
Office
management
Buildings and
investments
Consumables
and supplies
ICT
Scientific equipment
Travel
2013
2014
2015
25
Consumables
and supplies
5%
Buildings and
investments
in buildings
16 %
Scientific equipment
6%
Goods for resale
7%
Travel
4%
Books and
journals
4%
Furniture
and interior
decoration
2%
HR
6%
Other
5%
Office management
Freight, relocation
and messenger services
Servicing and
maintenance of equipment
ICT
8%
Lease
of premises
12 %
26
Property
management
15 %
Services
11 %
Miscellaneous
Means of transport
8. Environmental management
Environmental management is concerned with
improvements and systematization. Through
environmental management, the enterprise improves and develops its own operations. Environmental management ensures that enterprises focus on
the environment at all levels and in all planning
processes: in plans and strategies, and all the way
from procurement via energy use to transport and
waste production and disposal. Wherever environmental management has been implemented in
UiOs units, it has been integrated in daily operations and development.
Why environmental management?
To reduce environmental impacts
Because being outstanding is closely linked to being
green
To save money
To reinforce H&S activities
To improve the availability of environmental information
as required by the Environmental Information Act
In selected areas, measures have been implemented to establish partial elements of environmental management across the entire university.
Efforts were initiated in 2015 to establish a system for energy management under the auspices
of the Estate Department, and this will be a significant element of environmental management
with regard to resource use. UiO has established
procurement policies that aim to safeguard our
environmental and social responsibilities; this is
another significant area for environmental management. Moreover, when UiOs leaders are trained
in H&S issues, the systematic approach forms the
basis for appropriate environmental management.
Environmental management and environmental reporting are closely intertwined. Universities that have established coordinated systems for
environmental management are reporting in accordance with the specific goals that have been defined. The main volume of reporting follows regular
lines, and key results and main trends are reported on an annual basis. In addition, environmental
audits are undertaken, occasionally accompanied
by certification processes. The way in which UiO
should relate to this in a long-term perspective is
currently being discussed.
27
28
support for establishment and projects by the Nordic Council of Ministers. NSCN is one of a number
of groups in the Nordic Association of University
Administrators as NUAS Sustainability.
nordicsustainablecampusnetwork.wordpress.com/
about-nscn
10.5. UNICA Green
UNICA is a network of 45 European capital-city
universities (Universities in the Capitals of Europe)
with a secretariat in Brussels. UNICA Green is its
joint programme for the environment and sustainability, launched at UiO in 2011.
green.unica-network.eu
10.6. The Nordic Swan ecolabels procurers club
UiO has joined the Swan ecolabels procurers
club to gain access to competence on environmental criteria for procurement and assessment of
environmental documentation for contracts. This
club counts 43 enterprises that have total procurement budgets of more than NOK 35 billion. The
Procurement Section and the Estate Department
have made use of this opportunity through UiOs
membership.
29
11. References
rsrapport Energi 2015: Project report Building
Automation Advantage Navigator (Siemens)
Opprinnelsesgaranti 2015. (Ishavskraft/ECOHZ)
Rapport Unifors kapitalforvaltning 2015 (Unifor)
Rapport HRG flyreiser: km og klimagassutslipp
(HRG)
Enk Enova status og plan 2015 2016 (Venjum)
Innkjpsanalyse 2015 (Seksjon for Innkjp)
RENEWABLES 2015 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT
(Ren21)
World Energy Outlook 2015 (IEA)
Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity (Science
for Environment Policy, European Commission)
NVE-hndbok 1/2011 (NVE)
www.klimagassregnskap.no Beregningsverkty
for klimagassutslipp fra byggeprosjekter (Statsbygg)
Transportytelser i Norge 19462008, (CICERO)
www.svanemerket.no (Miljmerket Svanen)
www.byggalliansen.no (Grnn Byggallianse)
Oslo kommune: Nring for klima
www.nuas.org (Nordic Sustainable Campus
Network / NUAS Sustainability)
http://green.unica-network.eu/ (UNICA Green)
http://ngbc.no/ (Norwegian Green Building
Council)
Hafslund - Utvikling ulike energikilder 2010
2015 (kilde: http://www.fjernkontrollen.no/facility.
php?id=21 )
UiOs politikk for milj og samfunnsansvar ved
innkjp http://www.uio.no/for-ansatte/arbeidsstotte/innkjop/miljo-samfunnsansvar/ (UiO)
Transport og klima. Forskningspresentasjon:
Funn og fakta om transportens klimapvirkning FUNN OG FAKTA OM TRANSPORTENS
KLIMAPVIRKNING (Cicero).
Radonmlinger i UiOs bygninger http://www.
uio.no/for-ansatte/arbeidsstotte/prosjekter/radon/
30
Registered students
27 886
3 018
Employees (man-years)
6 334
3 529
1 140
1 665
Faculties
Museums
2 788 982
Libraries, number of current journal subscriptions (in print and electronic form)
32 963
Finances
7,1 mrd.
Rankings, Shanghai
nummer 58 i verden
472000 kvm
110000 kvm
Park area
400000kvm
Ref.: UiO.no
31
07
UR
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ILJ
37
SK O G - 2 41