Reported Speech

Top-Link Language School
Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)

Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
kuba_useofenglish@gmail.com
10.
REPORTED SPEECH
The information about the questions discussed during the classes you can find e.g. in the
following literature:
Michael Vince- First Certificate Language Practice with key, Macmillan.

Raymond Murphy- English Grammar In Use- Intermediate, Cambridge (2012).
In order to find some additional, advanced information and more details you can also refer to
Martin Hewings- Advanced Grammar In Use, Cambridge (the next level of the above book),
which is recommended to prepare students for CAE or CPE exams.
Key points:
see also Appendix no. 2
1. Tense changes are usually necessary after a past tense reporting verb.
2. Words referring to time and place also change in indirect speech.
3. Indirect questions are of two types. Yes/No questions are reported with if and Wh- questions are reported
with the question word. The verb is not put into a question form in an indirect question.
4. Indirect speech is often introduced by a reporting verb. These verbs are followed by a variety of
grammatical constructions. A good dictionary will include this information.
5. Indirect speech may also involve paraphrasing the main points of what was said.
1. Rewrite below sentences using REPORTED SPEECH.

a) I dont know her very well, he said.
He said ____________________________________________________________.
b) The performance was rather boring, they told me.
They told me _______________________________________________________.
c) Im going to change my job, said Jeff.
Jeff said ___________________________________________________________.
d) Weve been here before, they said.
They said__________________________________________________________.
Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Wymiar zaj: 25 x 90 minut
Konsultacje- sobota 14.15-15.00 (sala 14)

Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
2. Underline the most suitable verb form in each sentence.
3. Rewrite each sentence as indirect speech, beginning as shown.


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
4. Rewrite each sentence as indirect speech, beginning as shown.
5. Put the correct form of either say, tell or ask in each space.


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
6. Put the correct form of one of the verbs in the box into each space.


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
7. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
8. Look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word which
should not be there. Tick each correct line. If a line has a word which should not be
there, write the word in the space.
9. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION- Complete the second sentence so that it has a

similar meaning to the first sentence. Use an appropriate word.
a) Your mother has just left, the doctor said. THAT
The doctor said, ______________________________.
b) My aunt said, that she hadnt eaten all chocolates. DENIED
My aunt _____________________________________ all chocolates.
c) Mr Jones denied having any connection with the affair. SAID
Mr Jones ________________________________________ the affair.
d) I wont go to university.- John said to me. TOLD

Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
John ______________________________________ university.

e) My mother told us to take our shoes off. INSISTED
My mother ________________________________________ our shoes off.
f) I dont allow anyone to repair my car. I do it myself. HAVE
I refuse ___________________________ by anyone. I do it myself.
g) Please, dont say anything to Paul, said the girl to her mother. NOT
The girl begged her mother _________________________________ Paul anything.
h) Youve passed your driving test, Jack! Well done!, said Carol. CONGRATULATED
Carol __________________________________ his driving test.


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
HOMEWORK
1. Rewrite below sentences using REPORTED SPEECH (remember about the sequence
of tenses).
a) Ive lived in Moscow since 2008, Tom said.
Tom said, that __________________________________________________________.
b) I will be working on this project tomorrow at 5 p.m., Mary said.
Mary said, that _____________________________________________________________.
c) I painted this fence 3 days ago, Patrick said.
Patrick said, that ____________________________________________________________.
d) I was reading a book, when somebody broke my window, Jenny said.
Jenny said, that _____________________________________________________________.
e) Im very busy right now, Mark said.
Mark said, that ______________________________________________________________.
f) Im going to France next week, Anna said.
Anna said, that ______________________________________________________________.
2. Rewrite each sentence as direct speech.


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
3. Complete the sentences. Use the number of words given in brackets.


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
4. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.

5. Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence.
6. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence,
using the word given. Do not change the word given.


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
Appendix no. 2
REPORTED SPEECH
Wyrniamy mow niezalen (Direct Speech) oraz mow zalen (Reported

Speech/Indirect Speech).
Mowy zalenej uywamy do przekazania tego, co powiedziaa dana osoba bez
dokadnego cytowania jej sw. Jest ona uywana nie tylko w jzyku mwionym, ale
take w jzyku pisanym- czsto w takich formach pisemnych jak artyku,
raport/sprawozdanie oraz historia.


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
PODSTAWOWE ZASADY
1) Podstawow rnic gramatyczn pomidzy mow zalen a mow niezalen jest fakt, i
w mowie zalenej czas gramatyczny uyty w wypowiedzi ulega cofniciu:
Present Simple Past Simple
Present Continuous Past Continuous
Past Simple, Present Perfect Past Perfect
Past Continuous, Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous pozostaje TAKI SAM (nie moemy cofn
zaprzeszoci)
Zmianie ulegaj take czasowniki modalne, ktre posiadaj swoj form przesz. A zatem:
can could
will would
may might
shall should
Pozostae czasowniki modalne pozostaj w wikszoci przypadkw bez zmian.
2) Zmianie (co naturalne) ulega take zaimek osobowy:

Mary said: I feel sick. / Mary said (that) she was sick,
a take zaimki wskazujce:
this that
these those
3) Kolejne rnice zostaj wprowadzone w okreleniach czasu:

today that day

Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
yesterday the day before

last week the week before [etc.]
tomorrow the next day / the following day
next week the following week [etc.]
now then
6 years ago 6 years before
4) Zmianie ulega dodatkowo okrelenie miejsca:

here there
in this building in that building
TWORZENIE PYTA
1) Pytania oglne (Czy?) tworzymy poprzez uycie cznika IF. Obowizuje szyk
twierdzcy i podstawowe zasady dotyczce mowy zalenej, nie wystpuje znak zapytania.
Have you eaten dinner yet?, he asked me.
He asked if I had already eaten dinner.
2) Pytania szczegowe (Gdzie ?, Kto? itp.) tworzymy uywajc jako cznika
zaimka pytajcego. Obowizuje szyk twierdzcy i podstawowe zasady dotyczce mowy
zalenej, nie wystpuje znak zapytania.
Where did they put my keys?, she asked her brother.
She asked her brother where they had put her keys.
Do tworzenia pyta (oprcz czasownika ask) mog by uywane take inne czasowniki, np.
inquire (pyta, dowiadywa si) lub want to know (chcie wiedzie).
WYJTKI- KIEDY NIE ZMIENIAMY CZASU?


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
W konstruowaniu zda z uyciem mowy zalenej (jak w przypadku prawie wszystkich

zagadnie gramatycznych w jzyku angielskim) mamy do czynienia z kilkoma wyjtkami, w
ktrych pierwotny czas wypowiedzi nie ulega zmianie.
Czasu nie zmieniamy, gdy:
mamy do czynienia z raportem/cytowaniem czyich sw w momencie mwienia/w

czasie teraniejszym:
My brother says hes coming tomorrow at 5 p.m.
w przypadku, gdy cytowane sowa s zawsze prawdziwe- czsto w przypadku

czasownikw statycznych wyraajcych preferencje:
His girlfriend said she loves him endlessly.
NAKAZY I PROB
w przypadku cytowania nakazw uywamy czasownika tell, po ktrym nastpuje

bezokolicznik:
Take it back immediately!, he said.
He told me to take that back immediately.
w przypadku cytowania prb uywamy czasownika ask, po ktrym nastpuje

bezokolicznik:
Send this letter today, please, she said.
She asked me to send that letter that day.
REPORTING VERBS
Jedn z najczciej mylonych kwestii zwizanych z mow zalen s czasowniki raportujce,
a konkretnie zapamitanie, jak konstrukcj posiada kady z nich. Podstawowe dwa
czasowniki raportujce to say oraz tell, ktre przybieraj nastpujce konstrukcje:
say sth
say to sb
say sth to sb
tell sb
Konstrukcje innych, najpopularniejszych czasownikw raportujcych w jzyku angielskim
przedstawione s w poniszych tabelkach (rdo: www.ang.pl).
verb + gerund

Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
accuse sb of doing sth
oskara
admit doing sth
przyznawa
apologise to sb for doing sth
przeprasza
boast about doing sth
chwali si
complain about
skary si
confess to doing sth
przyznawa si
deny doing sth
zaprzeczy
insist on sb's doing sth
nalega
suggest doing sth
sugerowa
warn sb against doing sth
ostrzega
object to sb's doing sth
sprzeciwia si, protestowa
verb + to do
advise sb to do sth
radzi
agree to do sth
zgadza si
allow sb to do
pozwala
ask sb to do sth
pyta, prosi
beg sb to do sth
baga
claim to do
twierdzi
command sb to do
rozkaza
decide to do sth
zdecydowa
demand to do
da, domaga si
forbid sb to do
zabrania
invite sb to do
zaprasza
offer to do sth
oferowa
order sb to do sth
kaza
persuade sb to do sth
przekona, namwi


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
promise to do sth
obiecywa
recommend sb to do sth
poleca, zaleca
refuse to do sth
odmwi
remind sb to do
przypomnie
tell sb to do sth
powiedzie
threaten to do sth
grozi
urge sb to do sth
usilnie namawia, ponagla
warn sb not to do sth
ostrzega
verb + THAT clause

add that
doda
admit that
przyzna
agree that
zgodzi si
assure sb that
zapewni
claim that
twierdzi
complain that
skary si
confirm that
potwierdzi
confess that
przyznawa si
decide that
zdecydowa
deny that
zaprzeczy
doubt whether/if
wtpi
estimate that
szacowa
explain that
tumaczy
inform sb that
informowa
point out that
wskazywa
promise sb that
obiecywa
promise that
obiecywa


Use Of English
Jakub Matuszewski
reply that
odpowiada
say that
powiedzie
suggest that sb should do sth
sugerowa
tell sb that
powiedzie
warn sb that
ostrzega


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Top-Link Language School

Kurs przygotowujcy do egzaminu FCE (B2)

Michael Vince- First Certificate Language Practice with key, Macmillan.

1. Rewrite below sentences using REPORTED SPEECH.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

2. Underline the most suitable verb form in each sentence.

3. Rewrite each sentence as indirect speech, beginning as shown.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

4. Rewrite each sentence as indirect speech, beginning as shown.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

7. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

9. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION- Complete the second sentence so that it has a

Top-Link Language School

John ______________________________________ university.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

2. Rewrite each sentence as direct speech.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

3. Complete the sentences. Use the number of words given in brackets.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

4. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown. Do not change the meaning.

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

Wyrniamy mow niezalen (Direct Speech) oraz mow zalen (Reported

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

2) Zmianie (co naturalne) ulega take zaimek osobowy:

3) Kolejne rnice zostaj wprowadzone w okreleniach czasu:

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yesterday the day before

4) Zmianie ulega dodatkowo okrelenie miejsca:

WYJTKI- KIEDY NIE ZMIENIAMY CZASU?

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School

W konstruowaniu zda z uyciem mowy zalenej (jak w przypadku prawie wszystkich

Czasu nie zmieniamy, gdy:

mamy do czynienia z raportem/cytowaniem czyich sw w momencie mwienia/w

w przypadku, gdy cytowane sowa s zawsze prawdziwe- czsto w przypadku

w przypadku cytowania nakazw uywamy czasownika tell, po ktrym nastpuje

w przypadku cytowania prb uywamy czasownika ask, po ktrym nastpuje

Top-Link Language School

accuse sb of doing sth

admit doing sth

apologise to sb for doing sth

boast about doing sth

confess to doing sth

deny doing sth

insist on sb's doing sth

suggest doing sth

warn sb against doing sth

object to sb's doing sth

sprzeciwia si, protestowa

Okres zaj: luty-sierpie 2013

Top-Link Language School