A person's livelihood refers to their "means of securing

the basic necessities -food, water, shelter and clothing- of

life". Livelihood is defined as a set of activities,
involving securing water, food, fodder, medicine, shelter,
clothing and the capacity to acquire above necessities
working either individually or as a group by using
endowments (both human and material) for meeting the
requirements of the self and his/her household on a
sustainable basis with dignity. The activities are usually
carried out repeatedly.
In social sciences, the concept of livelihood extends to
include social and cultural means, i.e. "the command an
individual, family, or other social group has over an income
and/or bundles of resources that can be used or
exchanged to satisfy its needs. This may involve
information, cultural knowledge, social networks and legal
rights as well as tools, land and other physical
resources."[8]

Urban Life: Advantages and Disadvantages of Urban

Life
Urban life refers to the life of the people living in towns
and cities. The advantages and disadvantages of Urban
life has been discussed in this article.
Advantages: The advantages of urban life are many.

1. There are good roads and well-built houses in urban

areas.
2. Transport facilities of modern towns and cities are
highly developed. We have trams, buses, motorcars
for quick and comfortable transport.
3. In large towns, there are good chances of getting
suitable and pleasant occupations.
4. All kinds of physical comforts are within our easy
reach. In the heat, of the day we can use the electric
fan, cooler, and air-conditioner. At night, we switch on
the electric light.
5. There are good school and colleges for education.
6. There are hospitals and clinics for proper medical
treatment of sick people.
7. There are clubs, libraries, cinema houses, and
theatres for our entertainment and recreation .
8. We encounter people of different states and with
foreigners. We develop a love for humanity.
9. People get the opportunity to make friends with tastes
similar to ones own.
10.

All prejudices and superstitions soon wear off.

Disadvantages: There are various disadvantages of

urban life.

1. The towns are overcrowded.

2. Many of the streets are dirty and unpleasant due to
noise, smoke and dust.
3. The density of population is quite high in urban areas.
Too many people live and we do not feel easy.
4. The rattling sound of buses, motor cars and other
vehicles always disturb us.
5. There are dangers to health in crowded cities. Smoke
and dust fill the air. Hence, urban life is unhealthy for
want of fresh food and fresh air.
6. In the bigness of the city we lose the common human
touch.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Rural

Life
Rural life refers to the life of the people living in
villages and under-developed areas. According to
Mahatma Gandhi, real India lives in her villages.
Advantages
1. Rural people live in beautiful natural
surroundings.

2. The air that the rural people breathe is pure.

3. The food that the villagers take is fresh.
4. Peace and quiet fill the rural life.
5. Villagers love our neighbors as our own. Life is
simple and natural.
Disadvantages:
1. In distant rural areas, the roads are extremely
bad and transport difficulties are great.
2. Rural people are generally poor and ignorant of
the rules of health and hygiene.
3. For want of proper education, they become
narrow-minded and superstitious.
4. There are few doctors and few hospitals.
Urban life refers to the life of the people living in towns
and cities. The advantages and disadvantages of Urban
life has been discussed in this article.
Rural life refers to the life of the people living in villages
and under-developed areas. According to Mahatma
Gandhi, real India lives in her villages.
RURAL AND URBAN LIVELIHOOD

RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITIES (LIFE STYLE

)

URBAN OCCUPATIONS

RURAL OCCUPATIONS