Baker Hughes Exam

1-geologically, during the drilling process can

)we find gypsum, and why? (2 degree
Yes we find gypsum during the drilling as a cap rock
usually in in salt domes as it`s impermeable rock ,
evaporates .. it traped oil from escaping

2- minerals chemically divided into several

categories , write it , and give example ? (3
)degree
minerals chemically divided into :native
elements, sulphides ,sulfosalts ,oxides halides,
carbonate, nitrate, borates, phosphate, sulfates,
tungstates ,silicate.
1.
: .2 . :
.3
:
.4 . :
( )
.5 . :
.6 . :
.7 .
:
.8 . :
. .

3-please convert the following to wanted unites

) : ( 8 degree
a- 25.56 feet to meters.
b- 65 inches to centimeters.
c- 10 barrels to cubic meters.
d- 20 gallons to barrels .
e- 90 psi to bars.
f- 100 kpa to psi
g- 1.6 sg to ppg .

mass : .
Pound is abbreviated by lower-case lb. No periods are
used after these abbreviations.Sometimes the number
sign (#) is also used to indicate pound.
Length:
One meter equals approximately 3.3 feet and a kilogram
equals about 2.2 pounds. Here are some other useful
comparisons: One pound equals about 0.45 kilogram
(0.4536 kilogram, more precisely). One decimeter (tenth
of a meter) equals 3.9 inches. One inch equals about 2.5
centimeters (2.54 centimeters exactly). Centimeters are
hundredths of a meter.
Volume:
a barrel is 42 gallons. A liter is approximately 0.26 gallon.
the gallon is approximately equal to 0.13 cubic feet.
barrel is 42 gallons,,, a yard is 36 inches long,,,

density :
A common oilfield measure of density is pounds per
gallon. Pounds per gallon is abbreviated with lower-case
ppg. Another measure of density you may see is
pounds per cubic foot. Pounds per cubic foot is
abbreviated lower case pcf. To convert from pounds per
cubic foot to pounds per gallon, you divide by 7.48. So a
74.8 pound per cubic foot mud would equal a 10 pound
per gallon mud. To convert from ppg to pcf, you multiply
by 7.48.
the pressure:
in this case is 1 pound per square inch. Pounds per
square inch is abbreviated as lower-case psi.

4- briefly write the rock tybe reservoirs and its

location in egypt and formation name if any ? (2
degree)
1- Fragmental or clastic resevoir rock
It consist of aggregates of particles, fragments of minerals
and older rocks range in size from fine to coarse grain or
from colloid particles up to pebbles and boulders.
as Conglomerate, sand stone, silt stone and greywacke.
The cement in fragment rock may be:[1] Primary deposited with rock deposition
during the process of diagnosis.
[2] Secondary deposited after rock deposition.
2 - Chemical reservoir rock
Chemical reservoir rocks are composed of chemical &
biochemical precipitates,
it consist of mineral that precipitated where the rock were
formed & not transported.
The most important chemical rocks are limestone &
dolomites.
Biochemical resevoir rocks contain remains of biologic
material it.
Biochemical process are active in organic reefs (Bioherms
or Biostroms) which is a good resevoir rock
The main biochemical agent are algae, bacteria,
foraminifera, corals bryzoa.
Limestone and dolomites reservoir rock are important they
contain nearly half of worlds petroleum reservoirs
The development of great oil field of middle east, Western
Texas, Western Canada
3.Miscellaneous reservoir rock
It includes igneous and metamorphic rocks where the
3

reservoir space in the fracture.

But its not cemented, as the environment is not suitable
for oil occurrence and Tex. is highly massive.

5- please draw the different shapes of oil & gas

traps with its names ? ( 5 degree)
-structure trap : fault,fold

--Primary Stratigraphic Traps:

-Pinchout

--Primary Stratigraphic Traps

--Carbonate Reef

--Primary Stratigraphic Traps

---Sandstone Lens

--Secondary Stratigraphic Trap : unconformity

--- combined trap (salt dome )salt-plug dome

7- from your faculty background (subsurface

geology, geophysics and petroleum geology)
please write shorte notes about the following
6

items : (6 degree)
a- rotary table
A rotary table is a mechanical device on a drilling rig that
provides clockwise (as viewed from above) rotational force
to the drill string to facilitate the process of drilling a
borehole. Rotary speed is the number of times the rotary
table makes one full revolution in one minute (rpm).
b- ditch samples
Ditch cutting or sidewall samples obtained on the drilling
rig is prepared and analyzed within the logging unit and
the result tied to a high-resolution biostratigraphic scheme
and other information developed prior to drilling.
c- casing pipes
It is defined as the pipe cemented in the well to seal off
formation fluids and to keep the hole from caving in.
casing pipe is used in oil wells to reinforce the borehole.
Sometimes several casings are used, one inside the other.
The outer casing, called the "surface pipe,' shuts out
water and serves as a foundation for subsequent drilling
The term geophone derives from the Greek word "geo"
"meaning "earth" and "phone" meaning "sound
d- water cut
The ratio of water produced compared to the volume of
total liquids produced. The water cut in waterdrive
reservoirs can reach very high values.

e- geophones
A geophone is a device which converts ground movement
(displacement) into voltage, which may be recorded at a
recording station. The deviation of this measured voltage
from the base line is called the seismic response and is
analyzed for structure of the earth
f- 3d studies
d studies is 1d &2d study ,3D Geological Modelling 3
(groundwater, mining, oil and gas) using software as
Leapfrog software
Geology requires problem solving, good 3D- visualization
and the ability to collect and process data accurately

8- write shorte notes about geological

stratigraphic column in egypt especially western
desert or eastern desert or gulf of suez? (write
)at least two of them) (5 degree
Answered before

9 02
02
)10- write an essay about your self ? (5degree

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