I. 18, 19. 20. rR BRE Pe paig erm ae? 9y? =; Be —1ay = 0; B= fe ga dy dy. dy, a 2, dy _ By 32? 24 y? = Bey; Sa? + 39° B= By + BaF GES? ~ Br) = By ~32% e4y) = Tey We differentiate with respect to 2 on both sides, D,#*+D,y? = D,(72y) ‘Then D_2? = 22, Because y is a function of 2, we use the chain rule to find Dy. Dj? = ang ‘To find D,(7zy) we use the product rule D, (Tay) = (7e)D,9+y-D,("=) = (ele ty Substituting from (2) and (8) into (1), we have rep gl a teh Ty Next, we solve algebesially for $2. wil nd=ty-m (2y—12)8 = Ty-22 dy _ Ty—2 ae ALTERNATE SOLUTION: We divide on both sides by 2%. Thus 1+) =@) Therefore where the constant & is one of the two roots of the quadratic equation 14 = Te It follows from Eq, (5) that yak ‘Thus the graph consists of two lines through the origin. Because y is nota function ¢ ‘of (0,0), then dy/dz does not exist at (0,0). Differentiating both sides of Bq. (6) wit Eq, (5) we find Haoeat ‘Using the given relation, it !s easy to show that Eq. (7) is equivalent to Eq. (4). ee = aty ay _ 9, wilt a0, 22 =4 8 Berga? Mta=2,g Vit fiat fe? ay at = 0; B= Ay t3ey=5 ‘We differentiate with respect to 2, and have D,Q2°y) + D, 32) =0 Because 22*y is the product of two functions of 2, usmely 2s and y, and because 2 and y?, we use the product rule, Thus,(eee y-624)+(ae-atey-a)=o (etary = 674) 37 tea ays B+ Sey” Pi ghiteyt 2erlfnte v 298 Paty ay) = te toy? Bete ae “Ryne pe ay! 2 ty! oe +a) = PY Pm a rr tiating with respect to 2, we have 1 = con(z + y)D,(2 +0) famed 1 cos(e-+y) +eou(e +5) 4 jacotes a) = cole +01 testy 24; Dace a(see 2 tan 2)+2 exe (cee ycot y)#E = 0; $2 = seca tans aytey=0: (cay + Ny +29!) <0 B= -E pete Be white Eon th oe tin(x + y)D,(2-+y) = y Dyfsin x) + sin x Dy mainte + y(1+$2)=yeos2 + sine sings +») ~sin(2 +p) = yeos 2 +sine [xin(2 + »)-+sin 218 = y eos 2-4 sin(2 +) Ce) Wane Fainte ty) ins 34-4 nl he ifigta Uncheck sone nan and Me av, tangent line to +B at (4,5). = m=y'(4) . Ta Tine: y = (2-4) = 2 Sag 8 ayaa tem an eters normal line to y= V16 +=? at the origin. = y{(0) = 0. The tangent line is horizontal; the normal line ix z = 0. +3 ‘The nortnal line to 925 — y? = 1 at (1,2). 3 ayPy/ = 0; yf = 9%, m= = 2 = 4. Normal line: 3p = 0:9 ae. ana —§. Normal line: = Henares6. The tangent line to the curve 162* + y* = 32 at the point (1,2). > Dillerentaing imply, we obtain 4 2. 162" y Ce te ee ee Equation of tangent line: y—2=—2A(x—1)) 2e+y-4 ‘To plot the curve we salve oc», Then y= 32-1624 y= + (32-1624)'/" srs ays (axa halt —e—y( 1H) The ant ine paleo = ai whew Sting gives y= ety =; y= 2B Slug gen 2222) = (eR Om Be? Ae = (de— I)(2— 1). At the points (jf) and (1,0), the tangent Hine is parallel to the x azis. The graph is ‘dipoe in the first quadrant tangent to the y azis at (0,1) and the + azis at (1,0) ‘38. Find equation for the two lines through (—1,8) that ate tangent to the extve 2 + 4y*— 42-89 +3=0. > Lat &; be one of the required lines and let (23,4,) be the point at: which & is tangent to the curve. ‘To ‘mys the slope of €,, we use Ea, (1) and differentiate implicitly with respect to =. Thus, ae48yit-a—aime, Ha Bett FEAF lence my = Ge ay c 1 Wye yt mot Because f, contains (—1,3) and (£,,%%) by definition of slope we have Bliminating my between Eqs. (2) and (3), we obtain x)? +4y,— 7, — 16y, +1 ‘The curve contains (#,.4;) s0 this pair must satisfy Eq. (1), That is, ah dy —43 Dy sublracting term of Ba, (6) fom corroponding ters of fa. (1), we Rel tey—ty tT Subaitatng from Bn (6) nto a. (A), we have Sex =F 42 Tey ci0=0 100y,7— 280y, + 160 = 0; Sy? My, +8 (a - 2595-4) ; = a —8@-7_ agdt?2-1 ‘i yy =2 hen 2, = HT 2, my = GREE =f ad a oan of y-ta-Ya-3) r4dy- = 0 #Q)-7_ 1 = Ht? Wyatt =O = hm =F y-g=e+): Met ay- In Fsercines 30-42: (a) Find two fuseions defined by the equation: (b) sketch the graph of each and (¢) huation, (2) lad the derivative of cach fanclion and state its domain. (¢) Find dy/de by Implicit diferentnt Sind chesk with (@) (Find an equation of each tangent in at 2. Be por, ®& (aby 2efe—% fy(e) = 2VE=3, domain: x 22% Jy{2) = —2y/z-2, domain x 22 (8) fee) = pg domaine #>2 fale) = pig domains 22 (Ov =te-8 fas Bad Wy=f,(2)=2 a= ten Haha b= TL = hie) Hise 2 P ty = fyle) =-2VE=3. then a vie) ‘Therefor, the raul in pact (e) agrees with he results i part (2). (8 f0) = 2 f'8) =. Tangent Fine to the graph of fy: 9-2 = 1E—3)s = y— FAB) = ~2, (3) = —1. Tangent Hine to the graph of f2 y+2=—He—Shety— and an equation of fisDERIVATIVE OF THE POWER FUNCTION FOR RATIONAL EXPONENTS AND IMPLICIT DIFFERENTIATION 133 399) Exercise 39(0) Exercise 340) Ae ina —3 {a) Because y= +2741, the functions ate given by f,(2)= VEFIO and f,(2)=-VETFIG, The “domain of each function is (~20) +20). 3) sketch of the graph off, i own in fig. a nd a sketch ofthe graph off i shown in fig. 3b {c) A ssich of he gragh ofthe given equation i shown i (@) fy(e) = (27 +16)" Sa) =~" +16)" Si) = He? +1017 (22) he= Ty domain of each derivative i (—20,-+20). {¢) Differentiating the given equation implicitly with respect to z, we have eae | Sep zi VE I6 and y = f,{e)=—VF FTE, from part (8), =F and = fy'(2) =p = ee ee (0 Pot y= f,(z) if zy = 3, thea yy = fyle,) = VIP = 0 = 5; m(x,) = f'n) = an equation ofthe tangent line to the graph off at (3,8) y-8=-Hle+9); 324 5y-16=0 [BP F6 = 5; mlz) = Fy) ‘an equation of the tangent lie Lo the graph of fat (~3,—8) ix y+5=He+3) 32—5y 4 Exercise 40(6) Exercise 40(¢) YE—F te) = VA—9, domain: 21> & f(s) = —V/e—9, domain: 223 1-8/8, domain: 121> 3; f;/(2) = —2(2*—9)-"/4, domain: (21> 8134 THE DERIVATIVE AND DIFFERENTIATION Therefore, the result im prt (e) agrees with the results in part (0 £5) =4, f4'(—5) =f. Tangent line to graph of fy: v4 ). ee syuspegenne Pr earch tempat neo wept fee 4245); 52—4y +9 =0 Brercise 41(a) Exercise 41(6) Exerelse 41(e) . Poms * a vas VIF, dornain i2}< 5 J.le) Va, domain |2155 (29 te) = celt5 We fir solve for y. Thus,