Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
of Rotating Machinery
2001, Vol. 7, No. l, pp. 53--63
Reprints available directly from the publisher
Photocopying permitted by license only
Pump Impeller
STEVEN M. MINER*
Mechanical Engineering Department, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA
INTRODUCTION
Designers are continually being challenged to provide pumps that operate more efficiently, quietly,
and reliably at lower cost. Key to building these
machines is a better understanding of, and ability to
predict their hydraulic and dynamic characteristics.
Understanding and predicting these characteristics
Tel.: 410 293 6527. Fax" 410 293 2591. E-mail: miner@usna.navy.mil.
53
54
S.M. MINER
CFD FORMULATION
impeller analysis discussed in this paper the equations governing the turbulent incompressible flow
are formulated in a rotating reference frame. The
continuity and momentum equations become:
Op
v. (pu) +N0,
D(pU)
2po x U + po) x o) x r
+
Dt
pg- VP + #evZu,
(2)
GEOMETRY
Figure shows a cross section view of the pump,
which is described in detail by White et al. (1993),
the only difference being that the axial flow impellers have been replaced by mixed flow impellers.
The pump is a two stage design with an impeller
and stator making up each stage. The impellers are
contra-rotating. The analysis presented in this
paper is for the first stage impeller only. Design
parameters for the stage are rotational speed
1185 rpm, flow rate 0.38 m3/s, and head rise 13.1 m.
These result in the following nondimensional
parameters, flow coefficient 4 0.116, head coefficient
0.094, and specific speed 2.01 (5475 US).
Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the impeller.
This particular impeller has the shroud attached
to the blade tips, which eliminates the blade tip
leakage flow. The hub radius varies from 0.037 m
at the leading edge to 0.107 m at the trailing edge.
FIGURE
55
Pump cross-section.
The shroud radius varies from 0.126 m at the leading edge to 0.149m at the trailing edge. The
Reynolds number based on the blade tip speed at
the trailing edge is 1.7 x 106.
Due to symmetry, only one of the blade passages
needs to be analyzed. Figure 3 illustrates this
blade passage with the appropriate upstream and.
S.M. MINER
56
OUTLET
PERIODIC
INLET
RESULTS
The results presented in this paper include circumferentially averaged velocity and pressure profiles
at the leading and trailing edges of the impeller. The
averaged velocity results are absolute and nondimensionalized by the trailing edge blade tip velocity
Ut, the pressures are nondimensionalized by pUff/2,
and the radius is nondimensionalized by the shroud
radius at the trailing edge r0. In addition, velocity
and static pressure distribution data are presented
57
0.9
0.9,
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
O.S
O.,
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.
0.2
0
0.3 0.4
Axial Velocity
0.2
0.5
0.21
0.9
0.6
0.2
0.4
Radial Velocity
0.2
-0.05 0
0.9.
Static Pressure
Total Pressure
0.15
0.05
Tangential Velocity
0.25
S.M. MINER
58
1.0
1.0,
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.1
0.2
0.3 0.4
Axial Velocity
0.5
0.7
0
0.2
0.3
0.1
Radial Velocity
Tangential Velocity
0.9
0.8
075
0.65
Static Pressure
0.8
0.9
1.0
Total Pressure
1L.1
SS
59
900
SS
10.0
8.4
864
796
5.2
756
3.6
720
Trailing Edge
SS
684
0.4
648
-1.2
612
-2.8
576
-4.4
540
-6.0
504
-7.6
468
-9.2
SS
432
Mid-Chord
-10.8
-12.4
360
-14.0
324
-15.6
Mid-Chord
288
-17.2
252
-18.8
216
-20.4
180
2.0
Trailing Edge
396
PS
6.8
828
PS
,-22.0
PS
144
-23.6
108
-25.2
72
-26.8
36
-28.4
380
-30.0
H
SS
Leading Edge
SS
Leading Edge
60
S.M. MINER
900
864
828
796
780
756
720
684
Shroud
648
612
576
540
504
468
432
396
360
324
288
Mid-Height
252
216
180
144
108
PS
72
36
TE
Hub
FIGURE 8 Velocity vectors, hub to shroud.
61
540
PS
TE
9O0
10.0
864
8.4
828
6.8
LE
796
5.2
SS
756
3.6
720
2.0
Pressure
0.4
Shroud
648
-1.2
-2.8
612
680
576
-4.4
PS
540
-6.0
TE
5O4
-7.6
468
-9.2
432
-10.8
-12.4
LE
SS
324
-15.6
Mid-Height
396
360
-14.0
-17.2
684
Mid-Span
288
252
-18.8
216
-20.4
180
144
108
-25.2
PS
72
-26.8
36
-28.4
LE
SS
Hub
FIGURE 9 Pressure distributions, hub to shroud.
Suction
S.M. MINER
62
CONCLUSIONS
The following conclusions are based on the results
of this study:
TE
LE
10.0
8.4
6.8
5.2
3.6
2.0
Pressure
0.4
-1.2
4.4
-2.8
-4.4
Acknowledgements
-6.0
-7.6
-9.2
LE
-10.8
Council.
-12.4
-14.0
NOMENCLATURE
-15.6
Mid-Span
LE
g
-17.2
-18.8
-20.4
ri
-22.0
-23.6
Ut
-25.2
#e
-26.8
-28.4
b
b
-30.0
H
Suction
FIGURE 11
r0
gravitational vector
modified static pressure
radius vector
hub radius
shroud radius
velocity vector
blade tip speed
effective viscosity
density
flow coefficient
head coefficient
angular velocity vector
References
Adamczyk, J.J., Celestina, M.L., Beach, T.A. and Barnett, M.
(1989) Simulation of 3-D viscous flow within a multi-stage
turbine, ASME Paper 89-GT-152.
Furukawa, M., Yamasaki, M. and Inoue, M. (1991) A zonal
approach for Navier-Stokes computations of compressible
cascade flow fields using a TVD finite volume method, ASME
Journal of Turbomachinery, 113(4), 573-582.
63
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