El pasado simple de los verbos

regulares e irregulares
Pasado simple (verbos regulares)
Afirmativo
I worked.
You worked.
He worked.
She worked.
It worked.
We worked.
You worked.
They worked.

Forma afirmativa:
Sujeto + infinitive del verbo sin to + ed.
I watched TV yesterday.

Ortografa
* Con la mayora de los vebos, se aade ed al infinitive sin to.
work - worked
* Con verbos acabados en e, se aade d.
live - lived
* Con verbos acabados en consonante + y, la y se sustituye por ied.
study - studied
* Con verbos acabados en consonante, vocal, consonante, la consonante se duplica y
se aade ed.

travel - travelled

Pasado simple (verbos irregulares)

El pasado simple de algunos verbos ingleses no acaba en ed, sino que tiene una
forma irregular, que es la misma para todas las personas.
`have se convierte en `had
I had
You had
He had
She had
It had
We had
You had
They had
Los verbos irregulars no siguen normas ortogrficas generales, por lo que hay que
aprendrselos de memora.

Lista de verbos irregulares

Infinitivo - Pasado simple - Traduccin
be - was, were - ser, estar
become - became - convertirse en, volverse
begin - began - empezar
break - broke - romper(se)
build - built - construir
buy - bought - comprar
can - could - poder, saber
catch - caught - coger
come - came - venir

cost - cost - costar

do - did - hacer
draw - drew - dibujar
drink - drank - beber
drive - drove - conducir
eat - ate - comer
feel - felt - sentir(se), notar
fight - fought - luchar
find - found - encontrar
fly - flew - volar
forget - forgot - olvidar
get - got - conseguir
get up - got up - levantarse
give - gave - dar
go - went - ir(se)
have - had - haber, tener
hold - held - agarrar, sujetar
keep - kept - guarder, mantener(se)
know - knew - saber, conocer
learn - learnt - aprender
leave - left - abandoner, irse (de)
let - let - dejar
lose - lost - perder
make - made - hacer
meet - met - conocer, encontrarse (con)

pay - paid - pagar

read - read - leer
ride - rode - montar a (caballo), andar en (bici)
run - ran - correr
say - said - decir
see - saw - ver
send - sent - mandar, enviar
shine - shone - brillar
sing - sang - cantar
sit - sat - sentarse
sleep - slept - dormir
speak - spoke - hablar
spend - spent - gastar, pasar(tiempo)
steal - stole - robar
swim - swam - nadar
take - took - coger
teach - taught - ensear
think - thought - pensar
wear - wore - vestir, llevar puesto
write - wrote - escribir

Pasado simple (verbos regulares e irregulares)

Negativo
I didnt work.
You didnt work.
He didnt work.

She didnt work.

It didnt work.
We didnt work.
You didnt work.
They didnt work.

Interrogativa
Did I work?
Did you work?
Did he work?
Did she work?
Did it work?
Did we work?
Did you work?
Did they work?

Respuestas Breves
Afirmativa
Yes, I did.
Yes, you did.
Yes, he did.
Yes, she did.
Yes, it did.
Yes, we did.
Yes, you did.
Yes, they did.

Negativa
No, I didnt.
No, you didnt.
No, he didnt.
No, she didnt.
No, it didnt.
No, we didnt.
No, you didnt.
No, they didnt.
El las frases negativas e interrogativas, as como en las respuestas breves, el auxiliar
es el mismo para todas las personas.
Frases Negativas:
I didnt.
You didnt.
He didnt.
She didnt.
It didnt.
We didnt.
You didnt.
They didnt.
Frases interrogativas:
Did I?
Did you?
Did he?
Did she?

Did it?
Did we?
Did you?
Did they?

Recuerda:
* En las frases negativas e interrogativas, siempre se debe utilizar el infinitivo del
verbo sin to.
She didnt phone her
No se puede decir: She didnt phoned her.
Did you study yesterday?
No se puede decir: Did you studied yesterday?
* En las preguntas que contienen partculas interrogativas (what, when, who, why,
where), estas se colocan delante del auxiliar did.
Where did you go?
Who did he visit?

Usos:
El pasado simple se utiliza para hablar de acciones que sucedieron en un momento
concreto del pasado. En estas frases aparecen expresiones de tiempo tales como
yesterday (ayer), last week (la semana pasada), last night (anoche), etc.
I played football last Saturday. We went shopping yesterday.

Ago
* Ago se traduce por hace y se refiere a una accin del pasado, a algo que ya ha
acabado.
They travelled to London three days ago.
* Ago no puede encabazar una expression de tiempo.
ten years ago
No se puede decir: ago ten years

Ejercicios
A. Completar las frases
Ejemplo:
I didnt watch TV last night.
1. On Saturday I ____________ (play) computer games with my cousins.
2. My mum ____________ (not cook) dinner last night.
3. I ____________ (walk) to school because there werent any buses.
4. They ____________ (not dance) at the party.
5. My brother ____________ (travel) to Ireland last summer.

Las respuestas correctas

1. On Saturday I played computer games with my cousins.
2. My mum didnt cook dinner last night.
3. I walked to school because there werent any buses.
4. They didnt dance at the party.
5. My brother travelled to Ireland last summer.

B. Escribe el pasado simple de estos verbos

1. copy __________
2. revise __________
3. cycle __________
4. listen __________
5. practice __________
6. play __________
7. like __________
8. move __________

9. shout __________
10. start __________

Las respuestas correctas

1. copy copied
2. revise revised
3. cycle cycled
4. listen listened
5. practice practiced
6. play played
7. like liked
8. move moved
9. shout shouted
10. start started

C. Escribe las preguntas en el orden correcto

Ejemplo:
night? / meet / Did / you / them / last /
Did you meet them last night?
1. film? / like / you / Did / the /
_________________________________
2. you / many / did / ask? / How / people /
_________________________________
3. a / have / time? / they / Did / good /
_________________________________
4. did / weekend? / the / What / do / we / at /
_________________________________

5. she / DVD? / Where / that / did / buy /

_________________________________
6. party / on / your / go / Saturday? / he / Did / to /
_________________________________
7. did / yesterday? / Who / you / see /
_________________________________

Las respuestas correctas

1. Did you like the film?
2. How many people did you ask?
3. Did they have a good time?
4. What did we do at the weekend?
5. Where did she buy that DVD?
6. Did he go to your party on Saturday?
7. Who did you see yesterday?

D. Corrige las frases

Who do you met on Saturday morning? X
Who did you meet on Saturday morning?
1. Did he went to school yesterday? X
2. Why did you to go home early? X
3. Where you did learn English? X
4. Did she works today? X
5. What do you this yesterday? X
6. Did they last night phone you? X

Las respuestas correctas

1. Did he go to school yesterday?

2. Why did you go home early?
3. Where did you learn English?
4. Did she work today?
5. What did you do this yesterday?
6. Did they phone you last night?

E. Verbos regulares (R) o irregulares (I)?

play R
1. fly ___________
2. use ___________
3. study ___________
4. eat ___________
5. make ___________
6. travel ___________
7. see ___________

Las respuestas correctas

1. fly I
2. use R
3. study R
4. eat I
5. make I
6. travel R
7. see I

F. Escribe el pasado simple de los verbos del ejercicios E.

1. ___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. ___________
6. ___________
7. ___________

Las respuestas correctas

1. flew
2. used
3. studied
4. ate
5. made
6. travelled
7. saw

G. Completa las frases utilizando el pasado simple de los

verbos.
be got up meet have go run drink sleep swim eat
Yesterday I got up early, at about seven oclock.
1. I ________ a shower and some fruit for breakfast.
2. Then I ________ to the sports centre.
3. I ________ 500 meters in the swimming pool and then
4. I ________ 5 kilometers.
5. At lunchtime I ________ my friends in a caf.
6. We ________ some pasta and ________ some juice.

7. After lunch I ________ for a few hours, I ________ tired!

Las respuestas correctas

1. I had a shower and some fruit for breakfast.
2. Then I went to the sports centre.
3. I swam ran 500 meters in the swimming pool and then
4. I ran5 kilometers.
5. At lunchtime I met my friends in a caf.
6. We ate some pasta and drank some juice.
7. After lunch I slept for a few hours, I was tired!

H. Completa con el verbo en pasado simple (verbos

regulares)
1. I opened the door and ___________ (look) inside.
2. Who ___________ (close) all the windows?
3. I ___________ (carry) my moms shopping bag.
4. I ___________ (not climb) over the fence.
5. I ___________ (rip) my shirt.
6. The plane ___________ (land) ten minutes ago.
7. We ___________ (live) in that house when I was a baby.
8. My brother ___________ (not cry) when he fell of his bike.
9. We ___________ (walk) to school yesterday.
10. She ___________ (smile) when she saw me.
11. We ___________ (hurry) to the station to catch the train.
12. She ___________ (laugh) when I told her the joke.
13. We ___________ (race) each other on our bikes.
14. Dad ___________ (not help) me with my homework.

15. Helen ___________ (whisper) me a secret.

16. Luis Miguel ___________ (hurry) to catch a bus.
17. We ___________ (return) our books to the library.
18. She ___________ (not kiss) the frog.
19. The frog ___________ (change) into a prince.
20. Two doctors ___________ (rush) into the room.
21. I ___________ (not kick) the ball very hard.
22. Who ___________ (invent) the computer?
23. Dinosaurs ___________ (live) many years ago.
24. It ___________ (not snow) last night.
25. They ___________ (not work) until twelve last night.

Las respuestas correctas

1. I opened the door and looked inside.
2. Who did close all the windows?
3. I carried my moms shopping bag.
4. I didnt climb over the fence.
5. I ripped my shirt.
6. The plane landed ten minutes ago.
7. We lived in that house when I was a baby.
8. My brother didnt cry when he fell of his bike.
9. We walked to school yesterday.
10. She smiled when she saw me.
11. We hurried to the station to catch the train.
12. She laughed when I told her the joke.
13. We raced each other on our bikes.

14. Dad didnt help me with my homework.

15. Helen whispered me a secret.
16. Luis Miguel hurried to catch a bus.
17. We returned our books to the library.
18. She didnt kiss the frog.
19. The frog changed into a prince.
20. Two doctors rushed into the room.
21. I didnt kick the ball very hard.
22. Who invented the computer?
23. Dinosaurs lived many years ago.
24. It didnt snow last night.
25. They didnt work until twelve last night.

I. Pasado simple (verbos irregulares)

1. I ___________ (loose) my watch in the park.
2. David ___________ (not hurt) his knee.
3. I kicked the ball and it ___________ (break) a window.
4. My new shoes ___________ (not cost) a lot of money.
5. I ___________ (get) this book from the library.
6. We had a garage where we ___________ (keep) our car.
7. Ali ___________ (cut) his knee.
8. The glass ___________ (fall) off the table.
9. The glass ___________ (not break).
10. We ___________ (sell) our old car.
11. We ___________ (buy) a new car.
12. The bell ___________ (not ring).

13. We all ___________ (go) into school.

14. The dog ___________ (catch) the ball.
15. The man ___________ (not kneel) down.
16. Our cat ___________ (run) onto the road.
17. Jane ___________ (not write) a letter.
18. I ___________ (buy) a new camera last week.
19. We ___________ (drive) to a safari park yesterday.
20. Yesterday Dad ___________ (not take) me to the carnival.
21. Elizabeth ___________ (give) Eva a chocolate.
22. Jack and Jill ___________ (not go) up the hill.
23. Her ring ___________ (cost) ten Euros.
24. I ___________ (put) sugar in my coffee.
25. He ___________ (not hit) the ball over the net.

Las respuestas correctas

1. I lost my watch in the park.
2. David didnt hurt his knee.
3. I kicked the ball and it broke a window.
4. My new shoes didnt cost a lot of money.
5. I got this book from the library.
6. We had a garage where we kept our car.
7. Ali cut his knee.
8. The glass fell off the table.
9. The glass didnt break.
10. We sold our old car.
11. We bought a new car.

12. The bell didnt ring.

13. We all went into school.
14. The dog caught the ball.
15. The man didnt kneel down.
16. Our cat ran onto the road.
17. Jane didnt write a letter.
18. I bought a new camera last week.
19. We drove to a safari park yesterday.
20. Yesterday Dad didnt take me to the carnival.
21. Elizabeth gave Eva a chocolate.
22. Jack and Jill didnt go up the hill.
23. Her ring cost ten Euros.
24. I put sugar in my coffee.
25. He didnt hit the ball over the net.

30 Ejemplos de oraciones presente perfecto en

ingles y espaol
El presente perfecto (present perfect tense) nos sirve para expresar una accin
que sucedi en un momento del pasado, o que se repiti muchas veces en el
pasado, o una accin que se inici en el pasado y continua hasta el presente. Para
formar el presente perfecto se escribe have o has segn el sujeto y el verbo
principal en participio. El participio de los verbos regulares se forma con la
terminacin -ed:

I have worked (Yo he trabajado)

You have worked (T has trabajado)

He has worked (l ha trabajado)

She has worked (Ella ha trabajado)

It has worked (Eso ha trabajado)

We have worked (Nosotros hemos trabajado)

You have worked (Usted ha trabajado)

They have worked (Ellos han trabajado)

Siempre hay que recordar que existen verbos irregulares:

I have gone (Yo he ido)

You have gone (T has ido)

He has gone (l ha ido)

She has gone (Ella ha ido)

It has gone (Eso ha ido)

We have gone (Nosotros hemos ido)

You have gone (Usted ha ido)

They have gone (Ellos han ido)

Joe dived into the water.

(Joe se tir al agua.)

They sat in the old green car.

(Se sentaron en el viejo coche verde.)

The men are working for the money.

(Los hombres estn trabajando por el dinero.)

Every morning we take a walk in the park.

(Cada maana damos un paseo en el parque.)

Don't shout at me.

(No me grites.)

Put the vase by the window.

(Pon el florero al lado de la ventana.)

Let's look at the new photos.

(Miremos las nuevas fotos.)

Benny met the kids from school.

(Benny conoci a los chicos de la escuela.)

The painting of the sunset is beautiful.

(La pintura del atardecer es hermosa.)

The dog jumped over the fence.

(El perro salt la cerca.)

He came to the house late at night.

(Vino a la casa anoche.)

Can you help me with my homework?

(Puedes ayudarme con mi tarea?)

Susan and Betty will meet next week.

(Susan y Betty se reunirn la semana que viene.)

Before going out, clean your room.

(Antes de salir, organiza tu cuarto.)

En ingls, una preposition (preposicin) es una palabra (o frase) que conecta un

antecedente y un objeto con el fin de demostrar la relacin entre ellos. El objeto
de una preposicin es tpicamente unpronombre (en el caso objetivo/oblicuo) o
un sustantivo. Verbos, adjetivos, adverbios y frases tambin pueden venir despus
de una preposicin. Las preposiciones normalmente vienen antes de su objeto,
pero hay excepciones a esta regla.
Atencin: en esta pagina todo lo que esta entre parntesis son
preposiciones.
Por
ejemplo, up,
el adjetivo,
puede
significar levantado o despierto. Up el adverbio puede
significar subir o ganar;
pero
en
esta
pagina
solo
estoy
hablando
de

preposiciones. Up la preposicin significa en, hasta o a. Ejemplo: they are up in

Barcelona (ellos estn en Barcelona).
Piensa en la preposicin como una palabra o frase que se utiliza con otro elemento
para declarar un objeto o para demostrar el tiempo, la direccin o la posicin. Las
preposiciones siempre tienen
objetos.
Preposiciones
como opposite (opuesto o enfrente), underneath (bajo o debajo)
y between(entre)
proporcionan detalles.
Algunos
ejemplos
de
frases
proposicionales incluyen behind the door(detrs de la puerta), under the
rain (bajo la lluvia) y after lunch (despus de la comida).
El Manual de Estilo de Chicago explica que las preposiciones muestran muchos
tipos de relaciones: como la causa, el tiempo, los medios, la posesin, la
oposicin, el soporte, la concesin, las excepciones y las relaciones espaciales.
Algunas palabras que ejemplifican estos son against (estar en contra
de,contra, en
contraste
con), until (hasta), at (en, a, hacia), to (sobre, de, a, hacia), by (por, junto
a, por delante de), for all (a pesar de), except (excepto), out of (fuera
de), throughout (durante, a
travs
de, a
lo
largo
de), like (como), of (de) besides (adems, aparte) y for (para, por).
Igual
que
en
espaol,
en
ingls
existen
dos
tipos
de
preposiciones: simple (simples) y compound(compuestas). Preposiciones simples
contienen
slo
una
slaba
(por
ejemplo: since (desde), with(con), off (de), on (en, sobre), up (en, hasta, a), lik
e, to, for, from (desde, de) y by). Preposiciones compuestas son polislabicas,
como
por
ejemplo: until (hasta), about (alrededor
de, ms
o
menos),alongside (junto a, con) throughout (durante, a travs de, a lo largo
de), inside (dentro de),across (sobre), below (por debajo de, debajo de, abajo
de, debajo), despite (a pesar de, pese a),opposite (opuesto de, lo opuesto a)
y between (entre).
Participial prepositions (preposiciones de participio) son participios que
funcionan como preposiciones (verbos que terminan con el sufijo -ing o el sufijo ed),
comoconsidering (considerando), during (durante), barring(excepto, salvo), sp
eaking (hablando) y provided(provisto). La diferencia entre las preposiciones de
participio y otros participios es muy simple: las preposiciones de participio no
generan participios colgantes (modificadores que aparecen en sitios que no les
corresponde) cuando no hay sujeto. Un ejemplo:regarding New York, there is a
McDonalds on Fulton Street (sobre Nueva York, hay un McDonalds en la calle
Fulton).
Phrasal prepositions (preposiciones frasales) son dos o ms palabras que se
unen para formar una entidad preposicional. Ejemplos: apart from (aparte
de, excepto),contrary to (en contra de), given that (dado que), on account
of (debido a), rather than (en lugar de, ms bien, antes que). Hay que tener en
cuenta que las preposiciones frasales son intrnsecamente verbosas, y con
frecuencia es ms apropiado utilizar palabras ms simples.
Prepositional phrases (frases preposicionales) no deben confundirse con las
preposiciones frasales. Las frases preposicionales tienen varios componentes: la
preposicin en s, el objeto de la preposicin, y, opcionalmente, palabras
adicionales que alteran el objeto. Estas frases preposicionales pueden ser
utilizados como sustantivos, adjetivos (adjectival phrasesfrases adjetivas) y

adverbios (adverbial phrasesfrases adverbiales). Estos son ejemplos de cada

uno:

Frase Sustantiva: everywhere that Santiago went (en todas partes que
Santiago fue).

Frase Adjetiva: by the end of the month, he was truly sick of it (a

finales del mes, el estaba verdaderamente harto de eso).

Frase Adverbial: shell be there in a second (ella estar all en un

segundo).
Como puedes ver, las frases adjetivas y las frases adverbiales se colocan los ms
juntas posible a la palabra modificada para evitar problemas. Si varios
componentes se modifican todos a la vez, como enthe bench, the tree and the
fence for the park have been delivered (el banco, el rbol y la valla para el
parque se han entregado) entonces la frase preposicional debe colocarse despus
de todos los componentes.
Referencias:
Merriam-webster.com,. Preposicin | Gramtica : Una palabra o grupo de palabras
que se utiliza con un sustantivo, pronombre, o sintagma nominal para mostrar la
direccin, ubicacin o tiempo, o para introducir un objeto. N.P., 2015. Web. 17 de
noviembre 2015.
Study.com,. Qu es una preposicin? Definicin, Usos y ejemplos Video y
Transcripcin | Study.Com. N.P., 2015. Web. 17 de noviembre 2015.
El Manual de Estilo de Chicago. 16a ed. Chicago, Ill .: University of Chicago Press,
2010.