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A
MET
ROP
1.1
750
700
z=0m
650
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
600
T2 (K)
z=4000m
550
500
450
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Z=8000
750
700
z=0m
T2 (K)
z=4000m
650
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
600
550
500
450
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
800
750
z=0m
T2 (K)
700
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
650
600
z=4000m550
500
450
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
EXPLICACIN:
1.2
3000
2000
z=1000m
z=0m
P2 (KPa)
z=4000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
1000
0
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Z=8000
2840
2340
z=0m
P2 (KPa)
1840
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
1340
840
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
340
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
3000
2500
z=0m
P2 (KPa)
2000
z=1000m
1500
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
1000
500
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
EXPLICACIN:
1.3
Volumen estado 2.
0.4
0.35
0.3
z=0m
V2
0.25
0.2
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.15
0.1
0.05
z=5000m0
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
0.42
0.37
0.32
z=0m 0.27
V2
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.22
0.17
0.12
z=5000m
0.07
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
0.4
0.35
0.3
z=0m
V2
0.25
z=1000m
0.2
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.15
0.1
0.05
z=5000m0
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
1.4
P3 (KPa)
2000
z=1000m
1500
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
1000
500
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
3000
2500
z=0m
P3 (KPa)
2000
z=1000m
1500
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
1000
500
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
3000
2500
z=0m
P3 (KPa)
2000
z=1000m
1500
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
1000
500
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
EXPLICACIN:
P2 =P3
1.5
v3
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.3
0.2
0.1
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
1.4
1.2
1
z=0m0.8
V3
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.6
0.4
0.2
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
z=0m
0.8
v3
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.6
0.4
0.2
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
EXPLICACIN:
1.6
Temperatura 4
600
z=0m
400
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
200
z=4000m
0
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
T4 (K)
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Z=8000
900
850
800
z=0m
T4 (K)
750
z=1000m
700
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
650
600
550
z=5000m
500
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
450
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
10
1200
1000
z=0m
T4 (K)
800
z=1000m
600
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
400
200
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
1.7
V4
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
2
1.5
1
0.5
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
11
7.35
6.35
5.35
z=0m 4.35
V4
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
3.35
2.35
1.35
z=5000m
0.35
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
9
8
7
6
z=0m5
V4
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
4
3
2
1
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
EXPLICACIN:
1.8
Trabajo de compresin
350
z=1000m
WC (kJ/Kg)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
300
250
z=5000m
z=6000m
200
z=7000m
Z=8000
10111213141516171819202122232425
13
450
400
z=0m
350
z=1000m
WC (kJ/Kg)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
300
250
z=5000m
z=6000m
200
z=7000m
Z=8000
10111213141516171819202122232425
450
400
z=0m
350
z=1000m
WC (kJ/Kg)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
300
250
z=5000m
z=6000m
200
z=7000m
Z=8000
10111213141516171819202122232425
que entre mayor sea la altitud, menor ser el W c, esto se debe que entre
mayor altitud, menor es su temperatura en el estado 1, de igual forma pasa
con las presiones del estado 1.
1.9
Trabajo de Expansin
400
z=1000m
300
WE (kJ/Kg)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
200
100
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10111213141516171819202122232425
15
950
z=0m
900
z=1000m
WE (kJ/kg)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
850
800
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
750
10111213141516171819202122232425
1400
1200
1000
z=0m
800
z=1000m
WE (kJ/Kg)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
600
400
200
z=5000m
z=6000m0
z=7000m
Z=8000
10111213141516171819202122232425
16
1100
1000
z=0m
Wutil
900
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
800
700
z=5000m
600
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
17
1450
1350
z=0m
Wutil
1250z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
1150
1050
z=5000m 950z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
1750
1650
z=0m
W util
1550
z=1000m
1450
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
1350
1250
z=5000m 1150
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
EXPLICACIN:
z=0m
450.00
z=1000m
qs (kJ/Kg)
z=5000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
350.00
250.00
z=6000m
z=7000m
11 13 15 Z=8000
17 19 21 23 25
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
z=0m
1,350.00
1,300.00
1,250.00
1,200.00
1,150.00 z=2000m
z=1000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
1,100.00
1,050.00
1,000.00
950.00
900.00
z=6000m
z=7000m
11 13 15Z=8000
17 19 21 23 25
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
qs (kJ/Kg)
z=5000m
19
1,800.00
1,750.00
1,700.00
1,650.00
z=0m
1,600.00
qs
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
1,550.00
1,500.00
1,450.00
1,400.00
z=5000m
1,350.00
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
20
15 20 25 30 35 40
0
0
0
0
0
0
z=0m
z=1000m
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
qr(kJ/Kg)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
750
700
z=0m
650
z=1000m
600
qr (kJ/Kg)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
550
500
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
450
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
21
1250
1150
1050
z=0m
950
qr
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
850
750
650
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
EXPLICACIN:
22
0.31
0.29
0.27
z=0m
0.25
z=1000m
0.23
a (Kg/s)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.21
0.19
0.17
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0.15
10111213141516171819202122232425
Figura 37. Diagrama flujo de aire (a) vs Relacin de presiones () a una temperatura
de 600C - 873.15K.
0.22
0.2
z=0m
0.18
z=1000m
0.16
a (Kg/s)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.14
0.12
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0.1
10111213141516171819202122232425
Figura 38. Diagrama flujo de aire (a) vs Relacin de presiones () a una temperatura
de 1200C - 1473.15K.
23
0.17
0.16
z=0m
0.15
z=1000m
0.14
a (Kg/s)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.13
0.12
z=5000m
0.11
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 1112 1314 15161718192021222324 25
Figura 39. Diagrama flujo de aire (a) vs Relacin de presiones () a una temperatura
de 1600C - 1873.15K.
EXPLICACIN:
24
0.01
0
z=1000m
0
z=0m
f (Kg/s)
z=3000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
0
0
z=5000m
z=4000m
z=2000m
0
10111213141516171819202122232425
Z=8000
Figura 39. Diagrama flujo de aire (f) vs Relacin de presiones () a una temperatura
de 600C o 873.15K.
0.01
0.01
0.01
z=0m
0.01
z=1000m
0
f (Kg/s)
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0
0
0
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figura 40. Diagrama flujo de aire (f) vs Relacin de presiones () a una temperatura
de 1200C o 1473.15K.
25
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
z=0m
0.01
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0
0
0
0
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figura 41. Diagrama flujo de aire (f) vs Relacin de presiones () a una temperatura
de 1600C o 1873.15K.
EXPLICACIN:
26
0.31
0.29
0.27
0.25
z=0m
0.23
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.21
0.19
0.17
z=5000m
0.15
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figura 42. Diagrama flujo msico total (t) vs Relacin de presiones () a una
temperatura de 600C o 873.15K.
0.21
0.2
0.19
z=0m
total
0.18
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.17
0.16
0.15
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0.14
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figura 43. Diagrama flujo msico total (t) vs Relacin de presiones () a una
temperatura de 1200C o 1473.15K.
27
0.17
0.16
z=0m
total
0.15
z=1000m
0.14
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.13
0.12
z=5000m
0.11
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figura 44. Diagrama flujo msico total (t) vs Relacin de presiones () a una
temperatura de 1600C o 1873.15K.
EXPLICACIN:
0.0110
z=0m
0.0100
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.0090
0.0080
0.0070
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0.0060
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figura 45. Diagrama Relacin aire - combustible (f) vs Relacin de presiones () a una
temperatura de 600C -873.15K.
28
0.0320
0.0300
0.0280
z=0m
0.0260
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.0240
0.0220
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0.0200
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figura 46. Diagrama Relacin aire - combustible (f) vs Relacin de presiones () a una
temperatura de 1200C -1473.15K.
0.0420
0.0400
0.0380
z=0m
0.0360
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.0340
0.0320
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0.0300
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figura 47. Diagrama Relacin aire - combustible (f) vs Relacin de presiones () a una
temperatura de 1600C -1873.15K.
EXPLICACIN:
29
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
z=4000m
2.36
1.86
1.36
z=5000m
0.86
0.36
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Figura 48. Diagrama Eficiencia Trmica (t) vs Relacin de presiones () a una
temperatura de 600C -873.15K.
1.6
1.4
1.2
z=0m
1
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.8
0.6
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0.4
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
30
1.21
1.11
1.01
z=0m
0.91
z=1000m
z=2000m
z=3000m
z=4000m
0.81
0.71
z=5000m
z=6000m
z=7000m
Z=8000
0.61
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
EXPLICACIN:
Las grficas muestran que a mayor relacin de presiones, es mayor la eficiencia del
ciclo, esto se debe a que el calor suministrado sufre un decremento conforme
aumenta la relacin de presiones. Por lo tanto, con un mayor aprovechamiento de
trabajo y a un menor suministro de calor, la eficiencia tiende a aumentar. El trabajo
til disminuye a menor temperatura mxima , el calor suministrado tambin se
comporta de la misma forma.
31
32