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i.
Validate ideas and theories
ii.
Deeper understanding
iii.
Understanding pushed to new areas
d. An opportunity to explore new ideas
i.
Learn something new and interesting
ii.
Contribute something new and interesting
iii.
Spark new ideas and directions for thought
iv. Feeling unsettled
v. Explore new ideas
vi.
Variety of viewpoints
vii.
Take risks
Next, I ask students to set ground rules for discussions. What kind of expectations do they have
for themselves and their peers in a discussion that they want to be productive? They need to set
up a set of criteria that will nurture good discussions. These should be more concrete than the
responses to the first question. I tell them that I will be using these criteria to evaluate their class
participation. While the students dont always realize it explicitly, they generally have criteria
that address each of the main qualities discussed in (1). If they dont include any guidelines that
address a particular goal, I might explicitly point out the parallels.
2. What ground rules / guidelines should we follow in discussions?
a.
Participant engagement
i.
Participate (Equality of participation? Quality vs. quantity)
1.
Consider talkers vs. listeners
2.
Encourage participation of peers
3. Turn-taking (raising hands?)
4.
Be aware of talking patterns: attend to body language; be aware of who else might want the
floor
ii.
Prepare in advance
1.
Do readings
2.
Come up with specific comments and questions
3.
Read Moodle discussion before class use it to define terms and establish common ground
4.
Bring in ideas from outside class
iii. Active listening
1.
Stay on topic, but know when to move on
2.
Be brief try not to repeat self or others
iv. Have fun!
b.
Participants have mutual trust and respect
i.
Be respectful of peers
ii. Address other students, not the professor
iii. Assume best intent of others
iv. Have patience with others
v. Maintain eye contact with peers
vi.
Criticize and comment on ideas, not people
vii.
Dont interrupt or make careful use of interruptions
viii.
Maintain confidentiality of others opinions
c.
An opportunity to affirm and develop existing ideas
i.
Support arguments and contextualize knowledge
1.
2.
3.
4.
ground rules. I ask students to rate themselves on meeting the ground rules and ask them to
come up with 1-2 things they can do to improve class discussions. I like that the students
generate the criteria, and that gives me additional freedom to hold them accountable for meeting
them.