11.

As the human population continues to increase, what might happen to other

species?
As human population continues to increase and everyone thrives to survive, we
will have to take other animals' resources and habitat to satisfy our needs. We will
displace the habitats and resources of other species, and some of them will become
instinct as we overharvest them. Species will either increase in numbers such as pets or
domesticated livestock. The species that are in the way of human growth will be
reduced or destroyed
As the human population increases, other species are and will be negatively
affected. Human expansion into new habitats decreases habitat space for other
organisms. The same thing happens as we increase and expand our agricultural
activities. Lastly, climate change attributable to human activities is having severe
impacts on species all over the planet. As the human population increases, the
consequences of human activities will also be amplified. For this and the other reasons
touched on above, human population growth may be the ethical quagmire of the century
21. Describe three reasons why women in the less-developed world might desire
more than two children.
There are many reasons for high birth rate in underdeveloped countries, there
are: 1 poor education 2 no contraception 3 high mortality rates due to health reasons
(unreliable water, poor housing, poor access to medical services, endemic diseases,
shortage of food) 4 farms require more people to work them 5 women do not work other
than in the fields 6 more children the more to care for elderly parents 7 some religions
consider large families as wealth
17. Why do economic well-being and the status of woman influence the number
of children born in a country?
There are multiple reasons for the economic well-being and the status of women
influencing the number of children they bear. One is that if given a choice most women
will limit the number of children. These choices come with elevated economic status and
well being. With few to no choices children are a women's only hope for elevation.

4. Describe three major causes of the loss of biodiversity.

The main cause of the loss of biodiversity can be attributed to the influence of
human beings on the worlds ecosystem, In fact human beings have deeply altered the
environment, and have modified the territory, exploiting the species directly, for example
by fishing and hunting, changing the biogeochemical cycles and transferring species
from one area to another of the Planet. The threats to biodiversity can be summarized in
the following main points:

Alteration and loss of the habitats: the transformation of the natural areas
determines not only the loss of the vegetable species, but also a decrease in the
animal species associated to them. Refer to Alteration and loss of the habitats.

Introduction of exotic species and genetically modified organisms: species

originating from a particular area, introduced into new natural environments can
lead to different forms of imbalance in the ecological equilibrium. Refer to,
Introduction of exotic species and genetically modified organisms.

Pollution: human activity influences the natural environment producing negative,

direct or indirect, effects that alter the flow of energy, the chemical and physical
constitution of the environment and abundance of the species;

Climate change: for example, heating of the Earths surface affects biodiversity
because it endangers all the species that adapted to the cold due to the latitude
(the Polar species) or the altitude (mountain species).

Overexploitation of resources: when the activities connected with capturing and

harvesting (hunting, fishing, farming) a renewable natural resource in a particular
area is excessively intense, the resource itself may become exhausted, as for
example, is the case of sardines, herrings, cod, tuna and many other species that
man captures without leaving enough time for the organisms to reproduce.

12.List three examples of ecosystem services provided by biological resources.

Food: Ecosystems provide the conditions for growing food. Food comes principally from
managed agro-ecosystems but marine and freshwater systems or forests also provide
food for human consumption. Wild foods from forests are often underestimated.
Waste-water treatment: Ecosystems such as wetlands filter both human and animal
waste and act as a natural buffer to the surrounding environment. Through the biological
activity of microorganisms in the soil, most waste is broken down. Thereby pathogens
(disease causing microbes) are eliminated, and the level of nutrients and pollution is
reduced.
Habitats for species: Habitats provide everything that an individual plant or animal
needs to survive: food; water; and shelter. Each ecosystem provides different habitats
that can be essential for a species lifecycle. Migratory species including birds, fish,
mammals and insects all depend upon different ecosystems during their movements.