Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
PPR Technical
Data Sheet
almonaplast.com
01
01
Chapter 01
Chapter 01
Chapter 01
01
Contents
Page 04
Introduction
The Raw Material
Fields of application
Chapter 02
Page 06
Chapter 03
Page 08
Chapter 04
Page 10
Chapter 05
Dimensional Characteristics
Page 11
Chapter 06
Technical Guidelines
Page 13
Operating conditions
Loss of pressure
Expansion and stirrups
/CERTIFICATES
2
Chapter 07
Processing
Page 29
Chapter 08
Resistance To Chemicals
Page 36
Chapter 09
Precautions
Page 40
Chapter 10
Page 44
Chapter 11
Page 47
/INDEX
3
01
Chapter 01
About US
Chapter 01
Characteristics of
PPR-C Type 3
Almona is the first choice for customers across Saudi Arabia, with a product
range from 20mm to 125mm pipes and its accessories. The pipes comply
with the Saudi (SASO) and German (DIN) Standard.
Melting index
Almona is a system of pipes and fittings made from Polypropylene Random Copolymer (PPR-C), specially developed for the use and construction
of heating and water supply systems of the most widely varying forms, with
outstanding reliability over time.
One special feature of Almona system is the assembly technique, in which
the parts to be connected are welded by melting. After welding, the pipe
and fitting from a single, continuous body, with none of the problems
which may derive from potential leakage points.
The assembly method, the wide range of sizes and the fittings available, the
versatility of the system and its excellent chemical and physical properties
make Almona a product of exceptional quality.
Test
Method
Viscosity J
Introduction
Property
01
Chapter 01
ISO 1628 T3
MFI 190/5
ISO 1133 procedure 18
MFI 230/2.16 ISO 1133 procedure 12
MFI 230/5
-
Unit of
Measurment
Test
Value
cm3/g
g/10 min
g/10 min
g/10 min
430
0.5
0.3
1.5
Density at 23C
ISO 1183
g/cm3
Melting zone
DIN 53736 B2
Ultimate strength
Ultimate elongation
ISO 527
speed 50 mm/min
Test piece 1 B
N/mm2
%
40
>5
Modulus of elasticity
ISO 527
N/mm2
700
DIN 8078
no breakage
Coefficient of thermal
linear expansion
VDE 0304
Section 1 4
K-1
1.5 x 10-4
0.898
150-154
W/m K
0.24
Adiabatic calorimeter
kJ/kg K
2.0
Loss factor
DIN 53483
Dielectric constant
DIN 53483
Volume resistivity
DIN 53482
ohm cm
>1 x 1016
Dielectric strenght
DIN 53481
kV/mm
20
< 5 x 10-4
2.3
Characteristics of
PPR-C Type 3
Almona system is suitable for transporting hot and cold fluids under pressure
for long periods of time.
This capability makes it ideal for the construction of water supply, heating and
air-conditioning systems, in residential and industrial buildings.
It is also suitable for transporting fluids for human consumption and industrial
fluids (see table on page 39).
See chapter 6 of this Guide for a more complete discussion of the operating
conditions the system is able to withstand.
02
Chapter 02
Introduction
Almona has many characteristics which make it an ideal system for constructing modern plants at the technological state of the art.
Resistance To
Electrochemical
Corrosion
Almona is chemically inert and highly resistant to a wide range of acids and
bases. This makes it suitable for contact with the materials normally used in
the construction sector, such as lime or cement, with no need for specific
protection.
For transport of/or contact with special substances, please refer to check
the chemical resistance of the polypropylene, consulting the table provided on page 39.
Volume resistivity (at 20C) of Almona and the metals normally used in
the heating and water supply sector
Almona (determined according toDIN 53482) > 1 1016
Steel
= 0.1 0.25 10-4
Pure iron
= 0.0978 10-4
Pipe grade industrial copper
= 0.017241 10-4
Low Thermal
Conductivity
Chapter 01
02
LOW NOISE
Due to the materials high sound insulation value, the noise level of systems is
considerably reduced both with particularly high water flow speeds and when
water hammers are present.
HYGIENIC AND
NON-TOXIC
(PPR-C Type 3), the raw material used for production of Almona system, is completely non-toxic and complies with current standards at international level.
RESISTANCE TO
STRAY ELECTRIC
CURRENTS
LOW LOSS
OF PRESSURE
cm
cm
cm
cm
The materials high level of thermal insulation guarantees low heat loss on
the part of the fluid transported. This means minimal drop in temperature
between the hot water production and delivery points, with consequent
energy saving.
Chapter 02
W/mK
W/mK
W/mK
W/mK
EASY
WORKABILITY
Due to the density of just 0.898 g/cm3, pipes and fittings are very light. Combined with the wide range of fittings available, this enables complete installations to be made easily and safely, with considerable time savings compared to
conventional products.
The low thermal conductivity value also causes a drastic reduction in the
formation of condensation on the outside of the pipe, a frequent problem
on metal pipes in some temperature and humidity conditions.
Finally, it takes longer for the water to freeze when the outdoor temperature is particularly low.
03
Chapter 03
Introduction
Alongside Almona normal PPR Pipes has also developed another system in
random copolymer polypropylene, under the trade mark of Almona STABI
Pipe.
This product is made from the same raw material as the basic line, which
is used to produce pipes bonded on the outside during extrusion with a
sheet of aluminium. This part is then given a further coating of a PP-R layer
by a co-extrusion process.
This surface layer protects the aluminium sheet from any degradation processes which might affect it when in service.
PROPERTIES
Chapter 01
LOW THERMAL
EXPANSION
03
The sheet of aluminium helps to keep the pipes thermal expansion coefficient
low:
= 0.06 mm/mC
facilitating installations of the material outside walls or floors.
EXCELLENT
WORKABILITY
The composite pipe is very easily bent into shape, aiding installation with runs
with frequent changes in direction. Once bent as required, the pipe retains this
shape with no further changes.
SHEAR
STRENGTH
The aluminium sheet and outer PP-R coating give Almona STABI pipe greater
shear strength, providing greater protection for the underlying pipe.
As well as the characteristics already mentioned for the conventional system, the composite pipe thus obtained offers a series of additional properties listed hereafter.
Chapter 03
04
Chapter 04
NORMS AND
DIRECTIVES
DIN 1988
Drinking water pipes in the floor
Part 1. Technical standards for drinking water installations.
DIN 2000
Directives concerning the requirements for drinking water.
Design, development and operation
of installations.
DIN 8076
Pressurized thermoplastic pipelines.
Compression type metal fittings.
DIN 16774
Thermoplastic mass: polypropylene
PP.
DIN 8077
Polypropylene PP pipes, dimensions.
DIN 53735
Tests of plastic materials; determination of melt index of thermoplastics.
DIN 8078
Polypropylene pipes. General quality
requirements - tests.
DIN 16962
Polypropylene (PP) pipes and fittings.
Sheet 5: general quality requirements
- tests.
Sheet 6: moulded elbows for welding
with couplings, dimensions.
Sheet 7: moulded union tees for
welding with couplings, dimensions.
Sheet 8: moulded caps and couplings
for welding with couplings,
dimensions.
Sheet 9: moulded pipe fittings and reductions for welding with couplings,
dimensions.
Sheet 10: collars, flanges and
seals for welding with couplings,
dimensions.
DIN 16960
Welding of thermoplastic materials,
principles.
KTW RECOMMENDATIONS
Communication of the Germany Ministry of Health concerning the admissibility of plastic materials and other
non-metal materials in the context
of the law on food products and the
drinking water sector.
Recommendations concerning plastic
materials and drinking water (KTW) of
the German Ministry of Health.
W 328
Realization of drinking water installations inside buildings.
10
Chapter 01
Dimensional Characteristics
DVS 2203
Tests of thermoplastic pipe fittings
for welding.
05
Chapter 05
Outside
diameter
mm
Tollerance
mm
Thickness
mm
Tollerance
mm
Inside
diameter
mm
Average
weight
Kg / m
20
25
32
40
50
63
75
90
110
125
(+)0.3
(+)0.3
(+)0.3
(+)0.4
(+)0.5
(+)0.6
(+)0.7
(+)0.9
(+)1
(+)1.2
3.4
4.2
5.8
6.7
8.4
10.5
12.5
15
18.4
20.9
(+)0.5
(+)0.6
(+)0.7
(+)0.8
(+)1.0
(+)1.2
(+)1.4
(+)1.6
(+)2.1
(+)2.3
13.2
16.6
21.2
26.6
33.2
42
50
60
73.2
83.2
0.172
0.266
0.434
0.671
1.05
1.65
2.34
3.36
5.04
6.49
Outside
diameter
mm
Tollerance
mm
Thickness
mm
Tollerance
mm
Inside
diameter
mm
Average
weight
Kg / m
20
25
32
40
50
63
75
90
110
125
(+)0.3
(+)0.3
(+)0.3
(+)0.4
(+)0.5
(+)0.6
(+)0.7
(+)0.9
(+)1
(+)1.2
2.8
3.5
4.5
5.6
6.9
8.7
10.4
12.5
15.2
17.3
(+)0.5
(+)0.6
(+)0.7
(+)0.8
(+)0.9
(+)1.1
(+)1.3
(+)1.5
(+)1.8
(+)2.0
14.4
18
23
28.8
36.2
45.6
54.2
65
79.2
90.4
0.148
0.23
0.376
0.583
0.896
1.42
2.02
2.91
4.32
5.58
Specifications
Regulations on the general conditions for water pipe, from 20.06.1980.
Inner pipe
Aluminum
Outer coat
Outer
diameter
mm
Thinkness,
mm
Thinkness,
micron
Outer
diameter
mm
Thinkness,
mm
20
25
32
40
50
63
3.4
4.2
5.8
6.7
8.4
10.5
200
200
200
200
200
200
21.8
26.8
33.8
41.8
51.8
64.8
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
FITTINGS
Dimensional Characteristics
Almona system comprises a wide range of fittings, which can be subdivided into two groups, depending on their intended use:
OPERATING
CONDITIONS
Technical Guidelines
- mechanical stress =
- thermal stress =
- duration of stress =
PRESSURE
TEMPERATURE
TIME
In the first case, the joint between the pipe and the fitting (and in some
cases between fitting and fitting) is made by melting the parts, while in the
second case one end of the fitting has a threaded metal insert sunk into the
PP-R body. Parts of this kind are used in the ends of the system, allowing
connection to equipment installed previously, or any other threaded metal
elements.
For diagrams and availability of fittings in the various sizes, see pages
52-53-54-55 of this guide.
PRESSURE =
10 bar
TEMPERATURE = 60C
TIME =
50 years
REGRESSION
CURVES FOR
PPR-C Type 3
06
Chapter 06
(N/mm2)
Chapter 05
30
20
10
Equivalent stresses
05
Chapter 01
5
4
1.0
0.7
0.5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Duration
12
13
15
20
Hours
Years
06
Chapter 06
Technical Guidelines
Chapter 01
Technical Guidelines
Chapter 06
WATER AT 20 C
LOSS OF
PRESSURE
The continuous
loss of pressure
SPEED
(m/s)
FLOW RESISTANCE
(m/m)
INTERNALD IAMETER
(mm)
FLOW RATE
(l/s)
Example:
To use the monogram, at least two quantities will have to be established, one of which is the size of the pipe
and the second generally the flow rate or speed.
Pipe PN20: 32 x 5,4
int. = 21,2 mm (point A)
speed 1 m/s (point B)
By joining points A and B with a straight line, points C and D are found which indicate a flow resistance
J = 0,075 m/m and a flow rate Q = 0,35 l/s
14
15
06
WATER AT 60 C
SPEED
(m/s)
FLOW RESISTANCE
(m/m)
INTERNALD IAMETER
(mm)
FLOW RATE
(l/s)
Examples of
dimensions of a
cold water supply
network
Technical Guidelines
Connected appliances
and relative delivery rates
(UNI 9182-87)
1 Washbasin
1 WC with cistern
1 Bidet
1 Bath
1 Sink
1 Dishwasher
1 Washing machine
0.1 l/s
0.1 l/s
0.1 l/s
0.2 l/s
0.2 l/s
0.2 l/s
0.1 l/s
7 Appliances
0.1 l/s
06
Chapter 06
25
7 appliances
25
25
32
40
14 appliances
Technical Guidelines
21 appliances
Chapter 06
7 appliances
25
7 appliances
25
7 appliances
50
28 appliances
06
Chapter 01
50
N
appliances
Total
delivery
rate l/s
Simult.
factor
%
Simult.
delivery
rate l/s
Almona
diameter
mm
Almona
delivery
rate l/s
Loss of
presssure
mmc.a./m
Water
speed
m/s
7
14
21
28
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
55.0
38.0
33.0
28.0
0.55
0.76
0.99
1.12
25
32
40
50
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
525
270
135
64
2.8
2.3
1.8
1.4
Note: the simultaneous delivery rates take into account the probability
that the taps will be turned on simultaneously.
16
17
06
Technical Guidelines
Chapter 06
Localized
loss of pressure
Localized resistance
coefficients r
for Almona pipes
& fittings
Chapter 01
Technical Guidelines
Chapter 06
Once the coefficients r are known, the systems localized loss of pressure
are calculated using the following formula:
There are various ways of expressing localized loss of pressure; in our discussion, we consider those which refer to the measurement of the so-called
localized resistance coefficient associated to Almona range of pipe fittings.
~ 5 r v2
z = r v2 / 2g =
N Figure
Graphic symbol
Resistance
coefficient
1 Coupling
0.25
0.55
0.85
3 Elbow 90
2.0
4 Elbow 45
0.6
5 Union Tee
5a Reduced union Tee
1.8
3.6
6 Union Tee
6a Reduced union Tee
1.3
2.6
7 Union Tee
7a Reduced union Tee
4.2
9.0
8 Union Tee
8a Reduced union Tee
2.2
5.0
9 Threaded Tee
0.8
0.4
0.85
2.2
3.5
where:
g
v
Loss of pressure z
in relation to r=1
with water at 10C
for various
speeds v
Total loss of
pressure
Flowing
speed v
(m/s)
Loss of pressure z
for r = 1
(mbar)
Flowing
speed v
(m/s)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.5
3.2
4.1
5.0
6.1
7.2
8.5
9.8
11.3
12.8
14.5
16.2
18.1
20.0
22.1
24.2
26.5
28.8
31.3
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
5.0
Loss of pressure z
for r = 1
(mbar)
33.8
36.5
39.2
42.1
45
48
51
55
58
61
65
68
72
76
80
84
88
92
97
101
106
110
115
120
125
As already mentioned, the total system headloss is obtained by adding together the continuous and localized loss of pressure:
P = l R + z 10
where:
P
= total loss of pressure (mm c.a.)
l
= pipeline lenght (m)
R
= continuous loss of pressure (mm c.a./m)
z
= localized loss of pressure (mbar)
18
(mbar)
19
06
06
Chapter 06
EXPANSION AND
STIRRUPS
Technical Guidelines
Chapter 01
Calculating the
expansion
Chapter 06
The variation in length L of a Almona pipe further to a temperature variation can be calculated using the following formula:
L = L T
where:
L
= variation in pipe length (mm)
= linear expansion coefficient of the material, which for
Almona is 0.15 mm/mC, while for Almona STABI pipe it is
0.06 mm/mC
L
= length of the pipe section free to expand (m)
T
= difference in temperature between the time of installation and
the operating temperature (C).
Technical Guidelines
EXAMPLE 1:
Expansion
L
= 6 m;
Tm
= 20C (installation temperature);
Tmax = 75C (maximum operating temperature);
from which we obtain
Expansion
contraction in
Almona and
Almona STABI
system pipes
Naturally, Almona and Almona STABI system pipes are not immune from
thermal expansion, and so this must be carefully evaluated during design
and installation.
EXAMPLE 2:
Contraction
L
= 6 m;
Tm
= 30C (installation temperature);
Tmin = 5C (minimum operating temperature, e.g. air-con
ditioning);
from which we obtain
L = L T = 0.15 6 (-25) = -22.5 mm (Almona pipe)
L = L T = 0.06 6 (-25) = -9.0 mm ( Almona STABI)
In this case, the pipe expands, increasing its initial length.
20
21
06
06
Chapter 01
Technical Guidelines
Chapter 06
Calculating of L in
relation to T, per
metre of pipe
T (C)
The parameter L can also be calculated using the graph shown below.
Chapter 06
INSTALLATION
TECHNIQUE WHEN
THERMAL
EXPANSION IS
PRESENT
Once the variation in length of the piping has been calculated, the necessary measures must be taken to ensure that its effects do not cause problems for the piping itself. The following procedures may be used:
These are the fixtures which secure the piping to the masonry structure
of the building, totally or partially preventing the movements generated by
thermal expansion.
Fixed points
Fixed points prevent pipes from moving, and so must provide a rigid connection between the installation on the one hand and the masonry on the
other.
They are constructed using rigid collars, consisting of a gripping element,
generally metallic, lined with rubber on the pipe side, and a component
for fixing to the wall on the other side. Naturally the part in rubber (or in
another similar material) is intended to prevent dangerous cutting of the
surface of the pipe.
L (mm/m)
______ = Almona pipe
- - - - - - = Almona STABI pipe
Technical Guidelines
Fixed points must normally be positioned where the system changes direction (branches, elbows, etc.) to ensure that the expansion forces are not discharged in these points. In al cases, a fixed supporting point should always
be provided next to any joint in the pipe created using a coupling or any
other welded fitting.
= 0.15 mm/m C
= 0.06 mm/m C
Obviously, the fixed points limit the length of the sections of pipe free to
expand, and thus reduce the relative L value.
EXAMPLE 2:
Relating to the graph
T
= 50C with
Tm = 20 C on installation
Tmax = 70 C max.operating temp.
Example of
a fixed point
Almona
pipe
fixed
point
22
23
fitting
fixed
point
06
Technical Guidelines
Chapter 06
Compensating
using expansion
arms
Chapter 06
LS = F d L
where:
LS
= expansion arm lenght (mm)
F
= constant of the material (for PP = 30)
d
= pipe outside diameter (mm)
L
= pipe length variation (mm)
Example of
sliding point
connection to wall
EXAMPLE 1:
Almona
pipe
sliding
point
Nota: when Almona STABI pipe is used in the same conditions and with the same
F value, the expansion arm will be shorter than for Almona. This is because of the
lower thermal expansion coefficient, which means that the increase in pipe length
is reduced.
LS
Example of
expansion arm
FP
When Almona STABI pipes are used, the reduced expansion of these pipes
allows the distances between points to be increased.
24
06
With this technique, the pipe run is designed to allow any expansion to be absorbed. To ensure this, expansion arms, where the pipe is able to expand in
case of thermal stresses, are installed at points where the direction changes
(elbows, tees, etc.).
The specifications of these expansion arms are calculated using the following
formula:
Sliding points also provide support and ensure (provided enough of them
are installed) that the pipe remains straight in spite of thermal stresses.
The stirrup
distances
Technical Guidelines
25
LP
FP
Sliding Points
STIRRUP DISTANCES in cm
06
Chapter 01
Technical Guidelines
Technical Guidelines
DIAGRAM
EXAMPLES
FP
FP
LS
FP
LS
FP
FP
LP
L
Length variation L in mm
26
06
Chapter 06
LS
Calculating
expansion arm
length using graphs
(Almona System)
Chapter 06
Temperature difference in C
06
27
06
Technical Guidelines
Chapter 06
Processing
EQUIPMENT
Chapter 07
pipe cutter
28
MAKING WELDS
Almona system elements can be welded together using the welding machine
or an electric welder and suitable electric couplings.
Welds are made by first heating the outside surface of the pipe and the inside
surface of the fitting simultaneously, on the welding machine die. The pipe is
then inserted in the fitting, to create a socket joint.
29
07
07
Chapter 07
Processing
Sequence of operations:
1) Preparing the welding machine
Processing
Processing time
table
Fit the welding machine with the dies of the diameters to be processed
and connect the plug to the 220 V power supply socket. Wait until the
green light on the machine goes out, indicating that the welding machine
has reached the working temperature.
07
Chapter 07
Diameter D
mm
Heating
time
seconds
Working
time
seconds
Cooling
time
minutes
14
16
18
20
25
32
40
50
63
75
90
5
5
5
5
7
8
12
18
25
30
30
4
4
4
4
4
6
6
6
8
10
10
2
2
2
2
3
4
4
4
6
8
8
N.B.:
The heating time is calculated from the moment when the pipe and fitting make contact on
the dies.
PROCESSING
Alomna STABI
Almona STABI can be processed in the same way as Almona, but the outer layer
of PP-R and the underlying aluminium sheet must be removed. As an alternative, the special self-adapting unions can be used.
Sequence of operations
1) Preparing the welding machine and cutting the pipe
These operations take place as described previously for the Almona system.
30
31
07
Processing
Chapter 07
Processing
When scraping, it is also essential to take care not to reduce the thickness of the
PP-R pipe.
Chapter 07
- Once the heating time has passed (5 sec.) the repair bar must be inserted
in the hole. When this operation is complete, wait for everything to cool and
then cut off the excess part of the repair bar. If the diameter of the hole to be
repaired is greater than that of the die, or both sides of the pipe are punctured,
the piece of pipe must be cut out and the repair made using normal pipe fittings, or more easily using the electric couplings.
Hole in pipe
Scraping by hand
Scraping mechanically
If a hole is accidentally made in the pipe (with a drill bit, for example) and
if the hole is in only one side of the pipe, it can be repaired using the hole
repairing die, bearing in mind that the pipe size must be compatible with
the die diameter.
The repair procedure is as follows:
- Clean and dry the part to be repaired.
- Fit the male part of the hole repairing die into the hole; it must melt the
surface to be welded. The die has a metal bush which can be adjusted by
the operator to suit the pipe thickness, to ensure that the die cannot be inserted too far and melt the other side of the pipe. To make this adjustment,
undo the screw which fixes the bush and then move it along the die.
Welding operation
- At the same time as the male part of the die melts the area around the
hole, the female part melts the repair bar usually supplied with the die.
32
07
33
07
Processing
Chapter 07
INSTRUCTIONS
FOR using Almona
Saddle
Processing
After verifying that the polyfuse welding device has reached working conditions, indicated by the green indicator light going off, at the same time
exert a light pressure until the surfaces of the dies fit perfectly together
with those of the pipe and fitting.
The time required for this operations is shown in the table, bearing in mind
that the heating time indicated must be calculated from the moment the
surfaces come into contact with each other. Once the set period of time has
elapsed, the seams of the fused material will appear.
To carry out the required welding, it is imperative that the appropriate dies
for the polyfuse welding are used. These dies, thanks to their particular geometry allow for the fusion of concave or convex surfaces to be welded
increasing the surface area to be fused.
07
Chapter 07
3) Welding operation.
Once the heating time has elapsed, the dies must be removed from the elements to be joined and, exerting an even pressure, bring the pipe-fitting
elements together within the time indicated in the table, keeping them
pressed for at least an additional 30 seconds.
3) Cooling.
At the end of the welding operation, avoid either mechanical or heat stress
to the joint for the time of cooling which must take place at ambient temperature.
Make the hole whilst working, taking care not to damage the wall
opposite.
Derivation
diameter
mm
Heating
time sec
Working
time sec
Cooling
time sec
Drill tip
mm
20
25
32
5
7
8
4
4
6
120
180
240
19
24
31
35
08
Resistance To Chemicals
Chapter 08
Resistance To Chemicals
PPR-C, Type 3 polypropylene has high resistance to a large number of aggressive substances, and is therefore particularly suitable for special applications.
The table below provides the resistance of PPR-C, Type 3 to various chemicals. The table refers to the raw material only, not subjected to outside
mechanical stresses and at atmospheric pressure. For transport of combustible fluids, comply with any legal regulations in force.
Take care when the installation is to carry water with chlorine content over
the limits permitted by law and/or contains elements which induce oxidation in general.
TABLE OF CHEMICAL
AGENTS RESISTANCE
OF POLYPROPYLENE
PPR-C Type 3
SYMBOLS
+
+
-
= highly resistant
= resistant
= fairly resistant
= scarcely resistant
= non resistant
Examined substances
Concentration
Temperature (C)
%
20 60 100
Acetone
Acid(see acid name)
Acetic, acid
Acetic, anhydride
Alum
Aluminium, salt
Amber, acid
Ammonia, gas
Ammonia, liquid
Ammonium, acetate
Ammonium, nitrate
Ammonium, phosphate
Ammonium, sulphate
Ammonium, carbonate
Aniline
Antifreeze
Apple juice
36
100
100
100
sol.sat.
t
sol.sat.
100
conc.
t
t
t
t
t
100
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
08
Chapter 08
Asphalt
Aspirin
Ethyl, acetate
Ethyl, alcohol
Ethyl, benzol
Ethyl, chloride
Ethyl, hexanol
100
100
100
100
100
Flour
Formaldehyde
Formic, acid
Fruit juice
40
-
Barium, chloride
Battery, acid
Beer
Benzaldheyde
Benzaldheyde, liquid
Benzoid, acid
Benzol
Benzoyl chloride
Borax
Boric, acid
Bromine, liquid
Bromine, dry steam
Bromine, dry steam
Butane, liquid
Butane gas
Butanol
Butter
Butyl, alcohol
Butyl, gas
+
+
t
+
+
+
+
+
100
+
sol.sat. (0.3)
+
100
+
+
100
100
sol.sat.
+
+
100
+
+
100
high conc.
low conc.
100
+
100
+
+
100
+
100
+
+
+
+
100
Calcium, chloride
sol.sat.
Calcium, nitrate
sol.sat.
Carbon, tetracheoride
100
Chlorine, liquid
100
Chlorine, dry gas
100
Chlorine, wet gas
100
Chloroform
10
Chlorosulfonic, acid
100
Chromic, acid
Chromium, salt
sol.sat.
Chromium plating bath
Chromium trioxide
sol.sat.
Coca Cola
Cacao
Coffee
Copper, salt
sol.sat.
Copper, nitrate
30%
Cream
Cresol
100
Cyclohexan
100
Cyclohexanol
100
Diesel oil
Diethyl ether
Dimenthyl formamide
Diossano
Dixan liquid
100
100
100
-
+
+
Gelatine
Gin
Glycerine
Glycerine, liquid
Glycolic, acid
Glucose
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Heptane
100
Hexane
100
Hydrocloric, acid
high conc.
Hydrocloric, acid
low conc.
Hydrocloric, ammonium
t
Hydrogen peroxide
3
Hydrogen peroxide
10
Iodine, tincture
Iron, salt
Iso octane
Iso propylic alcohol
sol.sat.
100
100
Jam
Lactic, acid
Lanolin
Lemonades
Lemon juice
Limestone
Liquors
Magnesium, salt
Margarine
Mayonnaise
Menthol
Mercury
Methanol
37
sol.sat.
100
100
+
+
+
40
100
low conc.
100
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
s+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
08
Resistance To Chemicals
Chapter 08
Resistance To Chemicals
Methyl chloride
100
Methyl-ethyl-ketone
100
Milch
Muriatic, acid
10
Mustard
Naphta
100
Naphtalene, decahydro
100
Naphtalene
100
Naphtalene, trachloride
100
Nitric, acid
10
Nickel, salt
sol.sat.
Nitrobenzene
100
Potassium carbonate
Potassium chlorate
Potassium chlorite
Potassium chromate
Potassium iodide
Potassium nitrate
Potassium permangan.
Potassium persulfate
Potassium sulfate
Propane gas
Propane, liquid
Pyridine
Octane
Oil:
Oil ether
Oil of turpenthine
Oleic, acid
Oleum
Orange, juice
Ozone
Almond oil
Animal oil
Camphor oil
Coconut oil
Cod oil
Cloves oil
Combustible oil
Linseed oil
Mais oil
Motor oil
Olive oil
Oxalic oil
Paraffin oil
Peanut oil
Peppermint oil
Rosin oil
Silicone oil
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Quinine
100
100
t
<0.5 ppm.
-
Salt dry
Silver, salt
Soap liquid
Soda caustic
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium carbonate
Sodium chlorate
Sodium chloride
Sodium chlorite
Sodium hypochlorite
Sodium nitrate
Sodium phosphate
Sodium sulphate
Sodium sulphite
Sodium thiosulphate
Starch
Sulphure, carbon
Paraffin
100
Petroleum
100
Pepper
Sodium perborate
sol.sat.(1.4)
Perfume
Phenol
sol.sat.
Phosphurus, acid
sol.sat.
Phosphurus, oxichloride
100
Photographic acid
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Tea
Tetra-chlorine-ethylen
Tetraidrophurano
Thiophene
Tin II chloride
Toothpaste
Trichlorethylene
Tricresylphosphate
Turpentine
Urea
Vanilla
Vaseline
Vinegar
38
sol.sat.
sol.sat. (7.3)
sol.sat.
sol.sat. (12)
sal.sat.
sol.sat.
sol.sat. (6.4)
sol.sat. (0.5)
sol.sat.
100
100
100
sol.sat.
10
100
sol.sat.
sol.sat.
25
sol.sat.
5
5
sol.sat.
sol.sat.
sol.sat.
sol.sat.
sol.sat.
t
100
100
100
sol.sat.
100
100
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
Water:
Boric water
Brackish water
Bleach
Distilled water
Drinking water
Lake water
Soda water
Chloric water
Wax
sol.sat. (4.9)
-
12.5% chlorine
100
-
-
-
sol.sat.
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Xylene
100
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Examined substances
Concentration
Temperature (C)
%
20 60 100
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
sol.sat.
+
+
+
Chapter 08
39
+
+
+
+
08
09
Chapter 09
Precautions
Foreword
OPERATING
CONDITIONS
The use of Almona and Almona STABI in the stated operating conditions
creates absolutely no problems for the material.
However, exceeding the limit conditions for use may impair the products
resistance.
All precautions must therefore be taken to ensure that this does not occur;
this not only protects the system itself, but frequently also its user.
ULTRAVIOLET
RAYS
40
Precautions
Chapter 09
09
HANDLING PIPES
During handling, storage and use on site, bundles of pipes or individual lengths
must be protected against excessive external stresses, such as shaking, knocks,
hammer blows, etc. This is even more important as the ambient temperature
falls, since at low temperatures the material is more rigid and has a less elastic
response to outside stresses.
FORMATION
OF ICE
When water passes from the liquid to the solid state (ice), its volume increases
to an extent which may generate stresses inside the installation which the material is unable to withstand. The appropriate measures must be taken to ensure
that this does not occur, draining the system completely after testing if there is
the risk of freezing.
41
09
Chapter 09
CONTACT WITH
SHARP EDGED
BODIES
Precautions
Precautions
Any contact with sharp edged bodies (such as brick shards) causes cuts on
the outside of the pipe which might lead to breakages later. Care must be
taken to ensure that this does not occur during storage and installation,
and any scratched or scored pipes must not be used.
FITTINGS WITH
METAL INSERT
Chapter 09
09
When using Almona system fittings with threaded female metal insert, do not
apply excessive tightening torques when connecting to male fittings. Also, take
care not to place too much hemp between the parts to be assembled. Teflon
is to be preferred in all cases. In addition, check that the male part is long
enough for a proper connection; generally, at least one turn of thread should
be left free.
If installation requirements mean that a Almona system fitting must be connected to an iron pipe or union, the connection should be made using Almona
fittings with male thread.
CUTTING PIPES
BENDING
Use tools capable of making a burr-free cut, perpendicular to the pipes axis.
WELDING
42
The parts for welding must always be thoroughly clean and the welding machines thermostat must indicate that it has reached the operating temperature.
No twisting forces must be applied to the connected parts, either during or
after welding. See page 30, Welding with the welding machine.
43
10
Chapter 10
PROCEDURE
44
45
46
11
Chapter 11
PIPE PN 20
END PIECE
SOCKET
20
CODE
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
302
304
306
308
310
312
314
316
318
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
20 x 3,4
25 x 4,2
32 x 5,4
40 x 6,7
50 x 8,4
63 x 10,5
75 x 12,5
90 x 15,0
110 x 18,4
STABI PIPE PN 25
ELBOW 90
CODE
SIZE
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
20
25
32
40
50
63
75
90
110
402
404
406
408
410
412
414
416
418
UNIT PRICE,
11
Chapter 11
CODE
SIZE
10 100
10 102
20
25
UNIT PRICE,
CODE
SIZE
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
602
604
606
608
610
612
614
616
618
20
25
32
40
50
63
75
90
110
CODE
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
REDUCTION
25
CODE
SIZE
10 332
10 334
10 336
10 338
10 340
10 342
20
25
32
40
50
63
UNIT PRICE,
CODE
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
CROSSOVER
504
506
508
512
514
520
522
528
530
532
534
536
538
539
540
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
10
10
10
10
902
904
906
909
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
12
12
12
12
12
15
48
UNIT PRICE,
20
22
25
27
40
10
10
10
10
10
10
802
804
806
808
810
812
814
816
818
SIZE
20
25
32
40
50
63
75
90
110
UNIT PRICE,
624
626
628
630
632
634
UNIT PRICE,
20
25
32
40
50
63
T-PIECE
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
ty
years warran
212
213
214
215
217
SIZE
20
25
32
40
CODE
CODE
ELBOW 45
25-20
32-20
32-25
40-25
40-32
50-32
50-40
63-40
63-50
75-50
75-63
90-63
90-75
110-75
110-90
END CAP
CLAMP PPR
CODE
SIZE
12 228
12 230
12 232
20
25
32
UNIT PRICE,
15
49
years warran
ty
CODE
SIZE
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
20
25
32
40
50
63
75
90
110
702
704
706
708
710
712
714
716
718
UNIT PRICE,
11
Chapter 11
REDUCTION-T
ADAPTOR FEMALE
CODE
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
734
736
738
740
748
749
750
752
754
756
758
761
762
763
764
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
CODE
20-25-20
25-20-20
25-20-25
25-25-20
32-20-20
32-20-25
32-20-32
32-25-25
32-25-20
32-25-32
40-20-40
40-25-40
40-32-40
50-25-50
50-32-50
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
211
212
214
216
218
220
222
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
32 1"
40 1 1/4"
50 1 1/2"
63 2"
75 2 1/2"
90 3"
110 4"
11
11
11
11
11
11
412
414
416
418
420
422
SIZE
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
40 1 1/4"
50 1 1/2"
63 2"
75 2 1/2"
90 3"
110 4"
15
ty
years warran
50
UNIT PRICE,
CODE
11
11
11
11
11
11
20 1/2"
25 3/4"
32 1"
40 1 1/4"
50 1 1/2"
63 2"
75 2 1/2"
CODE
SIZE
11
11
11
11
11
11
20 1/2"
20 3/4"
25 3/4"
25 1/2"
32 3/4"
32 1"
402
404
406
408
409
410
UNIT PRICE,
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
502
504
508
516
518
520
522
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
CODE
20 1/2"
25 3/4"
32 1"
40 1 1/4"
50 1 1/2"
63 2"
75 2 1/2"
11
11
11
11
11
11
11 102
11 103
11 105
20 1/2"
25 1/2"
25 3/4"
UNIT PRICE,
20 1/2"
20 3/4"
25 1/2"
25 3/4"
32 3/4"
32 1"
CODE
11
11
11
11
11
11
602
604
606
608
610
612
SIZE
702
704
706
708
710
712
20 1/2"
20 3/4"
25 1/2"
25 3/4"
32 3/4"
32 1"
CODE
SIZE
11
11
11
11
11
11
20 1/2"
20 3/4"
25 1/2"
25 3/4"
32 3/4"
32 1"
UNIT PRICE,
T-PIECE MALE
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
CODE
ELBOW 90 FEMALE
CODE
616
618
620
622
624
626
SIZE
T-PIECE FEMALE
UNIT PRICE,
302
304
306
314
316
318
320
SIZE
ADAPTOR MALE
CODE
20 1/2"
20 3/4"
25 3/4"
25 1/2"
32 3/4"
32 1"
UNIT PRICE,
CODE
202
204
206
208
209
210
ELBOW 90 MALE
SIZE
11
Chapter 11
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
20 1/2"
20 3/4"
25 1/2"
25 3/4"
32 3/4"
32 1"
15
51
years warran
ty
716
717
718
720
721
722
UNIT PRICE,
11
Chapter 11
BUTTERFLY VALVE
CODE
SIZE
11 800
11 802
11 803
20
25
32
UNIT PRICE,
SIZE
11 805
11 807
11 809
20
25
32
UNIT PRICE,
SPHERICAL VALVE
CODE
11
11
11
11
11
11
CODE
826
828
830
832
834
836
SIZE
CODE
UNIT PRICE,
20
25
32
40
50
63
12 410
SIZE
UNIT PRICE,
15
15 Years Warranty
15
ty
years warran
High Quality
52
notes
54
notes
55
MADE IN
SAUDI ARABIA
Butte
rfly v
alve