Marcellus Jordan

Period: 7th & 8th

AP Environmental Science

Annotated Bibliographies
Dubeau, F., & Mir, Y. (2014). Exponential Growth Model: From Horizontal to Linear
Asymptote. Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation, 43(10), 21862204. doi:10.1080/03610918.2012.748912
In this journal, it talks about how in some applications, for example, in hydrology, it
could be useful to have growth functions with one inflection point and an increasing
concave curvilinear asymptote, and even an oblique asymptote. In this journal, they
present one such situation. They then, modify an exponential function having a natural
horizontal asymptote to obtain a model having an increasing concave curvilinear
asymptote and, for the limiting case, having an increasing linear asymptote. In other
words in this article they talk about what exponential growth is and then they show math
Calculations that they performed to model the J-curve in a graph. A strength of this
article would be the reliance on numbers and data. It makes what the author is saying
clear and easy to understand. A weakness would be the use of Calculus because not
everyone knows Calculus. The qualifications of the author are that they have written
multiple research journals, so therefore they must be reliable.
Houle, B., Pantazis, A., Kabudula, C., Tollman, S., & Clark, S. J. (2016). Social patterns and
differentials in the fertility transition in the context of HIV/AIDS: Evidence from
population surveillance, rural South Africa, 1993 2013. Popul Health Metrics
Population Health Metrics, 14(1), pages (1-12). doi:10.1186/s12963-016-0079-z.
In this Academic Journal, five students record the Demographics of rural South Africa as
it relates to HIV/AIDS. The conclusion of their research was that the fertility transition
in rural South Africa shows a pattern of decline until the height of the HIV/AIDS
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Marcellus Jordan
Period: 7th & 8th
AP Environmental Science
pandemic, with a resulting stall until further decline in the context of antiretroviral
treatment (ART) rollout. In other words, they found that HIV played an important role
in the demographics of South Africa. A strength of this research paper would be that it
gives extensive facts. For every piece of information or pattern that is noticed they back it
up with facts such as the fertility rate and etc. A weakness would be that because none of
the researchers live in South Africa, so it is easy to misinterpret data, which consequently
leads to false assumptions about society and could have altered the outcome of their
research. Lastly, the five authors are all students at the, but they establish themselves
through their skills of researching and analyzing.
Lesthaeghe, R. (n.d.). The second demographic transition: A concise overview of its
development. Retrieved September 14, 2016, from
http://www.pnas.org/content/111/51/18112.full??
This article gives a concise overview of the theoretical development of the concept of the
second demographic transition since it was coined in 1986, its components, and its
applicability, first to European populations and subsequently also to non-European
societies as well. It also talks about examples in history of the first and second
demographic transition with characteristics, for example, declines in mortality and
fertility were characteristics of the first demographic transition. A strength of this article
is how the author relates history from the 18th century to something relevant today. A
weakness of this article is the lack of data in numbers. Throughout history, numbers have
been used to clearly demonstrate research and to communicate quantity, which is exactly
what this article fails to do. For example, it does not give me statistics about the 1800 to
infer it was the first demographic transition, instead it tells me this and I have no

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Marcellus Jordan
Period: 7th & 8th
AP Environmental Science
understanding as to why this is. Lastly, it is apparent that the author has done research,
which establishes his credibility.
Nica, E., Manole, C., & POTCOVARU, A. (n.d.). ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE
ECONOMIC GROWTH, ENERGY USE, AND CO2 EMISSIONS IN CHINA.
ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH, ENERGY USE, AND
CO2 EMISSIONS IN CHINA, 101-109. Retrieved September 15, 2016.
This article was mainly about research on the increase in Chinese energy utilization and
the resulting CO2 emissions and structural change and sectoral shifts in Chinas economy
has yielded fairly consistent findings over the past decade. Our analysis complements the
growing literature on the economic mechanism of Chinas shift to environmental
sustainable growth and Chinas objectives regarding economic growth, emissions and
energy. In other words, they are researching Chinese energy industrialization and the
resulting pollution as it relates to sustainable development that is taking place in China. A
Strength that I found in this article is that they give insight to Chinas goals as it related to
sustainable development, which can be found in the Chinas Objectives Regarding
Economic Growth, Emissions and Energy section. A weakness is that there is not much
data to support their claim. Lastly, some the authors have written other research, which
makes them credible.
Rdulescu, C., Toader, R., Boca, G., Abrudan, M., Anghel, C., & Toader, D. (2015). Sustainable
Development in Romania. Sustainability, 7(6), 7622-7643. doi:10.3390/su7067622
In this journal, it presents the important aspects of local and territorial development, such
as strategic planning, sustainable development strategies, and integrated development
plans. The comparative analysis allows the reference to real situations at the managerial

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Marcellus Jordan
Period: 7th & 8th
AP Environmental Science
level in the Romanian and European public administration. It also talks about what is
needed for sustainable development in general. A strength of this article is the abundance
of facts. The amount of facts in this article do 2 things; They give better visualization
about what Romania was like and they also define the term sustainable development in a
way that I can be interpreted through describing data. A weakness in this article is that
the articles are observing outside their country, so everything they say about Romania
based on research may not be true. Lastly, the authors may not mention any
qualifications, but their way of documenting their research has showed me that they are
qualified.
Sander, V. R. (n.d.). Sustainable Development in the EU: Redefining and Operationalizing the
Concept (2nd ed., Vol. 10).
This article aims to clarify the concept of sustainable development by first explaining the
guidance of which EU law and policy already offer. Subsequently, it will propose a more
workable definition of sustainable development than the one, which is currently used, and
a framework of application for sustainable development. It also talks about why it is
necessary to understand sustainable development. A strength of the research paper would
be the use of diction and clear language, which consequently, leads to concise points that
give the reader a deep understanding. This clarity also helps the reader understand the
true importance of Sustainable Development. A weakness of this article would be the
amount of repetition because the author establishes many of his points by simply
repeating himself, which is seen all throughout the book. Lastly, the authors
qualifications are that they have written many books Science and history, so they must be
very knowledgeable.

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Marcellus Jordan
Period: 7th & 8th
AP Environmental Science
Shulkevich, T. V. (n.d.). Feasible approach to modeling of ecological component of the
sustainable development paradigm. Feasible Approach to Modeling of Ecological
Component of the Sustainable Development Paradigm, 24, 172-182. Retrieved
September 15, 2016.
This paper contains the description of the feasible approach to modeling and forecasting
of ecological processes that are the component of the sustainable development paradigm.
The suggested mathematical apparatus is based on the statistical methods and comprises
hidden Markov models with the linguistic modeling." This journal also talks about how
sustainable development and gives a brief example of what it is and how it applies to
society. A strength of this journal is that the author uses charts and illustrations to make
their point. The charts that they use give data about how sustainable development occurs
and about statistics that effect whether a country is showing signs of sustainable
development. A weakness of this document would be the amount repetition. In this
article, it proves many of its points by simply stating them multiple times. Lastly, the
author does not provide any qualifications for writing over this topic, but it is clear
through research that she is more than qualified.
Tutueanu, G. (n.d.). Measuring the Influence of the J-Curve Effect on Trade in Romanian Forest
Products (4th ed., Vol. 22).
In this paper it examines the dynamic effect of the Romanian exchange rate indices on
bilateral trade of Romanian forest products namely fibreboard, particle board and pulp for
paper. Special attention is given to investigate the J-curve hypothesis: whether the trade
balance for Romanian forest products benefits from a decline in the value of Romanian
Leu (RON).They then adopted the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to co-

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Marcellus Jordan
Period: 7th & 8th
AP Environmental Science
integration to estimate the annual bilateral trade data of Romanian forest products from
1991 to 2013 with various countries in the world. A strength of this article would be that
they provide plentiful details about Romania and connect those points to a J-curve
hypothesis. Additionally, they use data, which further clarifies the information put forth.
A weakness of this journal would be the complexity of the data they collect. The average
person would not be able to understand their data easily. Lastly, the authors
qualifications are that she has written other journals and also that she is in college in
Romania, therefore she has a first person perspective of Romania.
Yap, M. T., & Gee, C. (2015). Singapore's Demographic Transition, The Labor Force And
Government Policies: The Last Fifty Years. Singapore Econ. Rev. The Singapore
Economic Review, 60(03), 1550035. doi:10.1142/s0217590815500356
In this journal, the authors Yap Mui Teng and Christopher Gee talk about the
Demographic Transition Theory and how Singapore evolved, while following the steps in
the Transition Theory. The articles main message was about how The trajectory of
Singapores population size and composition can be mapped out with its progression
through the various phases of demographic transition, which can be seen clearly, when
they start to analyze this in the past 50 years. A strength of this article is that the authors
are intent in establishing a before and after picture. In other words, they give statistics
about Singapore before the Transition and after, which re-establishes the points of the
transition theory. A weakness of this article is that it does not go into detail about what
society was and is like. Lastly, while the authors Yap Mui Teng and Christopher Gee
have no qualifications their research paper has showed that they are accountable as well
as qualified.
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Marcellus Jordan
Period: 7th & 8th
AP Environmental Science
Zhang, Z., McArdle, J. J., & Nesselroade, J. R. (n.d.). Growth rate models: Emphasizing growth
rate analysis through growth curve modeling (6th ed., Vol. 39).
In the journal, the authors develop a general method to reparametrize growth curve
models to analyze rates of growth for a variety of growth trajectories, such as quadratic
and exponential growth. Their result were growth rate models, which are shown to be
related to rotations of growth curves. Estimated conveniently through growth curve
modeling techniques, growth rate models have advantages beyond traditional growth
curve models. Then, they proposed how growth rate models are used to analyze
longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY) on childrens
mathematics performance scores including covariates of gender and behavioral problems
(BPI). A strength of this article would be an extensive amount of facts, while a weakness
would be the lack of prior knowledge it gives the reader, which makes it harder to
understand. Lastly, some of the authors have written multiple journals and therefore, all
authors are credible by association.

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