Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
for
1-4.
a:
1
2
# of Buses
Lesson 1.1.1
b: 3
1-5.
1-6.
1-7.
a:
4
3
2
1
45
90 135 180
# of Students
b:
c:
d:
1-8.
a: Not linear.
b: The exponent.
1-9.
c: A parabola.
x
y
0 1 2 3 4
10 12 14 16 18
b: x =
3
2
or
c: x = 0 or 3
d: x = 0 or 5
e: x = 7 or 5
f: x =
1
3
7
3
or 5
1-14. a: 14, 4, 3x 1
b: f(x) = 3x 1
1-15. a: y = 5x 2
b: x =
b: 3, 3, (0, 3)
1-17. a: 16
c: 478.38
b: 9
2
5
Temperature
1-12. y = 2x + 10
Time
x
y
0 1 6 20
30 29 24 10
x 4 2 0 1 6
1-20. See graph below. Possible inputs:
y
8 2 0 0.5 18
all real numbers; possible outputs:
any number greater than or equal to zero.
1-21. a: 1
b: x = 12
c: 13
e: x =
d: no solution
13
2
2.55
f: x = 7 2.65
n
m
b:
m
x
Selected Answers
Lesson 1.1.3
y
(2,3)
(4,1)
b: 2
c: 43
d: undefined
e: 3x 2 = x 5 3
f: 3x 2 = x 5 + 7
i: They are different because the square root of a negative is undefined, whereas any real
number can be squared.
1-36. Chelita is correct about how to find the intercepts, but she makes an error with signs
while factoring. The correct equation is (x 7)(x 3) = 0 and the x-intercepts are
7 and 3.
b: y =
x6
3
d: y =
1-38. a: 7
x+4
2
x+10
5
c: y = x
e: y = x + 5
b: 3.5
b: x = 8
x
0
1
2
3
4
5
y
24
27
30
33
36
39
1-37. a: y =
Lesson 1.1.4
1-46. (2, 1)
1-47. a: 2
b: 10
c: 100
1-48. a: x = 5, 3
1-49. a:
1-50. a:
d: 142.86
b: x 3.39, 0.89 or x =
34 5.83 units
b:
1
52
b:
5 73
4
3
5
51
52
b: x = 2.8
4 , 0 or ( 1.59, 0)
b: 18.66
2
3
d: 180 13.42
h(x)
b: D: 1 x < 1
R: 1 y < 2
c: D: x 1
R: y 1
d: D: < x <
R: y 2
b: x = 3, 3
Selected Answers
b: 4
c:
1
0
is undefined
y
3
1
-1
-3
b: D: 1< x 1
R: 1< y 2
c: D: x > 1
R: y > 1
-1
x
1
d: D: < x <
R: < y <
1-69. l = 4w and l + w = 22 or w + 4w = 22
The length is 17.6 cm, and the width is 4.4 cm.
1 0.059
1-70. a: x = 17
b: x =
b: x 2 + 17
66
13
5.08
c: x = 1, 3
c: x 2 4x 5
5(y1)
3
2 y+6
3
d: x = y + 100
area
c: x = y
b: x =
1-73.
1-74. a:
b:
x
y
58 7.62
0
0
2
4
3
9
4
16
radius
3
7
1-75. Solve x 2 + 2x + 1 = 1 ; 0 or 2.
1-76. a: (0, 6)
d: (0, 4)
b: (0, 2)
c: (0, 0)
e: (0, 25)
f: (0, 13)
1-85. a: x = 6
38
13
f(x)
2.92
d: 2, 0
b: (10, 0)
c: (0, 0)
e: (5, 0)
f:
x
0
1
2
3
4
y
26
28
30
32
34
13
4x
-2
( 3 13, 0 )
y
Selected Answers
a: x =
yb
m
b: r =
c: W =
V
LH
d: y =
1
32 x
x
3
2 1
1 2
0.5 4
0 undef.
0.5
4
1
2
2
1
3
h(x)
1-96. a:
1-97. a: 4
b: 2
c: 3
Lesson 1.2.3
y
3
2
1-106. x =
3 21
2
x3
b: x =
3.79, 0.79
7 193
6
3.48, 1.15
1-107. $12.00
# of People
# of People
or
1-109. a: D: 3 x 3
R: y = 2, 1, 3
Time
b: D: x = 2
R: < y <
1-110. a: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6
b: 16
Selected Answers
c:
Time
x
c: D: 2
R: < y <
4
6
2
3
Lesson 1.2.4
1-112. a: A portion of the trip at a specific speed.
b: About 400 miles. It is the total distance on the graph.
c: Graph shown below a speed of approximately 30 mph for 1 hour, approximately
80 mph for the next 3 hours, 0 mph for 2 hours, approximately 40 mph for 2 hours,
and then approximately 20 mph for the last 2 hours. Note that the step graph assumes
instantaneous change of speed, which is not technically possible.
b: x = 4
Speed (mph)
1-113. a: x = 2
244 15.62
1-114. mB = 39.8 ,
1-115. 56 inches
Time (hours)
Height of Liquid
10
1
26
b:
1
25
x
1
2
3
C
A
Volume of Water
Added
y
3
6
9
Lesson 2.1.1
2-4.
2-5.
Smallest: a: 2; b: 0; c: 3; d: none.
Largest: a: none. b: none. c: none. d: 0. e: At the vertex.
2-6.
2-7.
2-8.
n1
2-10.
a: y = 23 x 4
b: y = 2
c: x = 2
d: y =
2
3
8
3
n = 24; 650 = 5 26
Selected Answers
11
Lesson 2.1.2
2-16. Answers will vary.
2-17. a: (0, 6)
b: (6, 0) and (1, 0)
c: x-intercepts at (0, 0) and (5, 0) and y-intercept at (0, 0); the graph of p(x) is 6 units
lower than q(x)
d: 6
2-18. a: z = 1.5
b: z = 18
5
2-19. a: 3
b:
1
x2 y4
c: z = 8
c:
d: z = 3, 2
y
x
2-20. a: 3p + 3d = 22.50 and p + 3d + 3(8) = 37.5, so popcorn costs $4.50 and a soft drink costs
$3.00.
b: Answers will vary.
2-21. a: 146 12.1
b: 14512.0
c:
50 7.1
d: 5 2
b: y = 10(x + 6)2
c: y = 0.6x(x + 7)2 2
2-27. a: 5 2
b: 6 2
c: 3 5
2-28. a: x = 46.71
b: x = 8.19
b: y = 300(1.04) x
12
Lesson 2.1.3
2-35. a: y = 0 or 6
b: n = 0 or 5
c: t = 0 or 7
d: x = 0 or 9
d: (2, 1)
2-37. a: (2, 1)
b: When x = 2, (x 2)2 will equal zero and y = 1, the smallest possible value for y in
the equation. So the y-value of the vertex is the minimum value in the range of the
function.
2-38. a: 9.015 gigatons
b: C(x) = 8(1.01)(x+2) if x represents years since 2000 or 8.16(1.01) x .
2-39. a: 2
b: 1
c: 1
d: 2
e: 2
f: 1
h: If the factored version includes a perfect-square binomial factor, the parabola will
touch at one point only.
2-40. a: 4
2-41. a:
8
27
Selected Answers
b:
1
16 x 4 y10
b:
12
27
c: 6xy 3
c:
6
27
d:
1
27
13
Lesson 2.1.4
2-50. a: f (x)=(x + 3)2 + 6 (3, 6), x = 3
b: y=(x 2)2 + 5 , (2, 5) x = 2
c: f (x) =(x 4)2 16 , (4, 16), x = 4
d: y=(x + 3.5)2 14.25 , (3.5, 14.25), x = 13.5
2-51.
b2
a
y
45 = 3 5 6.71;y =
2-53. a:
1
2
x+5
b: 5; x = 3
725 26.93;y = 52 x + 52
c:
d: 4; y = 2
2-54. After x is factored out, the other factor is a quadratic equation. After using the
Quadratic Formula the solutions are x =
b: x = 10 5 22.4
2-55. a: x = 21
2-56. a:
23 561
8
1
4
b:
or 0.
c: x = 50
1
3
2-57. B
2-58. a: A cylinder
c: A circle.
61
b: 30
c: tan 1 ( 45 )
d: 5 3
14
Lesson 2.1.5
2-69. Answers will vary.
y
b: y = 12 0.3x
5
2
x
y
x
2-75. a: x = 5
b: x = 11
Selected Answers
15
b: x =
c: 43 ,
1
8
) or (0.75, 0.125)
3
4
b: 3 2
c: 2 3
d: 5 3
2-86. a: 32
x2
y
b: y = 3x +2
c: 2, 5, 8, 11
b: y = 1.665(1012 )(1.0317)t
b: 32
2-92. a: 6x 3 + 8x 4 y
b: x14 y 9
2-93.
c: 5
d:
3
2
2-94. a: 4 + 43 16.755 m 3
b: No; r, r 2 , r 3 relationship; V =
80
3
83.776 m 3
c: V = 43 r 3 + 4 r 2
16
1
x+2
e: y = 3x 6
b: y = x 2 5
c: y = (x 3)3
d: y = 2 x 3
f: y = (x + 2)3 + 3
g: y = (x + 3)2 6
h: y = (x 3)2 + 6
i: y = (x + 3)3 2
2-96. He should move it up 6 units or redraw the axes 6 units lower.
2-97. a: 18
b:
3
2
c:
or
3
3
d: 11+ 6 2
b: 2x 3 (2 + x 2 )(2 x 2 )
2-99.
1
3
d: 2x 3 (4 + x 4 )
by 3 +c+7
a
2-100. a: t(n) = 6n + 26
b: 2
3
c: 1
d:
e: no solution
13
g: x 3 x 2 2x
Selected Answers
17
b: y = (x 2)3 + 3
c: y = 2(x + 6)2
b: shifts up or down
d: shifts up or down
2
25
b:
b: y = 8 2 x
3x 2 y 3
z4
d: y 3 5x 2 z
c: 54m 4 n
Miles
18
y
2
+ 17
Month
b: x = (y + 7)3 5
Month
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Miles
15,000
18,000
22,900
25,900
28,900
8,800
11,800
14,800
19,700
22,700
25,700
5,600
( 295 , 95 )
b:
2-115. a: 8 3
b: 3 x
2-116. a: g
( 12 = 4.75 )
c: 12
d: 108
1
2
y
x
Selected Answers
19
Lesson 2.2.3
2-125. a and : Neither
c: Even
2-126. a:
b:
2-127. y = 43 (x 2)2 + 3
2-128. a: x: (1, 0), y: (0, 2)
V: (1, 0), y = 2(x + 1)2
2-129. a: y = x
b:
( 12 , 13 )
( 12 , 13 )
d: The solution to the system is the point at which the lines intersect.
2-130. a: t(n) = 40( 14 )n or10( 14 )n1
b: t(n) = 6n + 4
2-131. a: x: (2, 0), (6, 0) y: (0, 2) vertex (4, 2), D: all real numbers; R: y 2
b: x: (4, 0), (2, 0) y: (0, 2) vertex (1, 3), D: all real numbers; R: y 3
20
Lesson 2.2.4
Loudness
$4.00
$3.00
0.2
0.4
0.6
Distance (miles)
0.8
b: 2x 3 + 4x 2 + 2x
2-144. a: x 2 1
c: x 3 2x 2 x + 2
2-145. a: (a, b) = 2, 12
b: (a, b) =
2-146. a: y = 59 (x 3)2 + 5
( 12 , 2 )
3 (y 5)2 + 3
b: x = 25
a: y = 2x 2 4x + 6
b: There is no difference, but the explanations vary.
c: y = x 2
d: y = x 2
2-148. a: The graph will be a circle with a center at (5, 8) and a radius of 7.
b: See graph at right.
2-149. a: 2
b: 2
c:
1
2
d: 1
2-152. (3, 2)
Selected Answers
21
Lesson 2.2.5
2-162. x < 2, y = (x 2) 2 ; x 2, y = x + 2
2-163. Any function for which f (x) = f (x) . On a graph, the function will have the y-axis as its
line of symmetry.
2-164. y = 2 x + 3 + 4
2-165. a: (x + 2)2 + (y 3)2 = 4
b: (x 12)2 + (y + 15)2 = 81
Lesson 3.1.1
81y 4
x4
3-5.
a: 4x 2 12x + 14
b:
3-6.
a: 3
c: 1
3-7.
3-8.
a: Horizontal line through (0, 3), domain: all real numbers, range: 3
b: 4
x12 y 3
64
d: 5
e: 2
b: Vertical line through (2, 0), domain: 2, range: all real numbers
c: (2, 3)
3-9.
m = 15, b = 3
1
5
b: 3
c: 27
d:
1
8
Lesson 3.1.2
3-23. a: not equivalent
d: equivalent
3-24. a: equal if x = 0
b: equivalent
c: equivalent
e: not equivalent
f: not equivalent
e: equal if x = 0 or x = 1
f: equal if a = 1 or a = 0
b: 30
d: 2 14
c: 12
e: x = 4,
1
3
b: x 2 2x 15
c: 2x 2 5x 3
d: x 2 + 6x + 9
3-30. The first graph opens downward, is stretched, and has its vertex at (1, 3).
The second is the parent graph.
3-31. a: (1, 4)
b: (1, 4)
c: (2.5, 4.25)
3-33. a: odd
b: 18x 3 y + 6x 5 y 2 z
b: even
3-34. a: $4.00
Cost ($)
3-32. a:
c: even
b: $4.00
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
-1-1
-2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Hours
c: $4.00. $5.00
Selected Answers
b: (x + 1)2 + (y + 4)2 = 1
23
Lesson 3.1.3
3-45. a: n = 2
b: x = 4, 1
3-46. a: equivalent
b: equivalent
c: equivalent
d: not equivalent
e: not equivalent
f: not equivalent
3-47. d: equal if a = 0 or b = 0
e: equal if x = 1
f: equal if x = 5 and y = 2
( 15 )n
b: 91/3 or 32/3
c: 17 x/8
d: 7x 3/4
3-54. a: x 2 + y2 = 36
b: (x 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 36
c: (x 4)2 + (y + 5)2 = 36
3-55.
741.825
18000
= 0.4 F/sec
3-56. a:
100
50
Duration (days)
24
Lesson 3.2.1
3-63. odd numbers; 46th term: 91; nth term: 2n 1
3-64. after 44 minutes
3-65. a: 1.03
b: f (n) = 10.25(1.03)n
c: $13.78
b: x 3
c:
d: x 1/2
x2
1
81x 6 y12
g: xy 3 x
h:
a: x = 2
3-69. a: 5m 2 + 9m 2
b: x 2 + 4x + 12
e:
f:
1
m3
c: 25x 2 10xy + y 2
d: 6x 2 15xy + 12x
Lesson 3.2.2
3-78. a:
x4
3x+2
b:
5
x3
c: 2
3-79. a: 1
b: none
c: 2
3-80. a: x 2 = 4
b: For each, x = 6.
c: x + 3 = 8, x = 5
3-81. a: x < 0
b: x 4
3-82. a:
3
7
b:
d: 1
5
4
10
y
15
y
8
4
-2
5
2
-2
25
Lesson 3.2.3
3-90.
2x
3(2 x1)
2x
6 x3
3-91. a: x 4 or 2,
b:
x+4
x2
x4
x+4
b: x 2 or 3,
2(x+2)
(x3)2
( 13 , 2 )
b: (4, 9)
3-95. The function is even. A reflection across the y-axis results in the same graph.
3-96. a: m = 6
b: x = 5.5
c: k = 4
d: x = 90
Lesson 3.2.4
3-102. a: Because if x = 4, then the denominator is zero. Since dividing by zero makes the
expression undefined, x 4.
b: a: x 13 and x 5; b: x 3 or 3
c: Answers will vary.
3-103. a:
8 x+8
(x4)(x+2)
b:
1
x+2
b: 5 < x < 4
c: no solution
d: x =
7m1
3m+2
1
3
b:
3-106. a: 1722
b: 1368
c: y = 1500(1.047)n+3
b: 1
c: 3
3-107. a:
5(3x1)
2(4 x+1)
c:
(4 z1)2
z+2
3-105. a: x 4
d:
x3
x2
d: m 2
3-108. See graph at right; x-intercept: (2, 0), y-intercept: (0, 2);
there is no value for f(1), which creates a break in the graph.
3-109. a: 15
26
b: 4
c: 3
d: m 2
Lesson 3.2.5
3-113. a:
2
3x+1
b:
x7
x3
c:
x2
2 x+12
d:
1
x+2
3-114. a: 1
b: 4
c: 2
d: 5
3-115. a: x = 3
b: 0 x 6
c: x = 1 or 5
d: x < 2 or x > 4
b: 3
c: 2
x+1
x 2 4
b:
x+6
2(x+2)2
c:
1
x
d:
1
2
3-121. x = 62
3-122. a: y =
1
2
x + 12
b: y =
2
3
x 15
3-123. The width is 1.5 meters, and the outer dimensions are 8 m by 5 m.
3-124. 80x + 0.5 = 100x, so x =
3-125.
1
40
6
7
Selected Answers
b: 5x(x + 5)(x 5)
d: x(x 6)(x +3)
27
Lesson 4.1.1
4-7.
4-8.
a: x = 5 or x = 3
b: m = 35
c: no solution
d: x = 7
a: y = 0
b: x = 0
4-9.
c: n 3 1
b: 0
(x2)(x+6)
(x+4)(2 x+3)
b:
2 x+1
x5
29 , 17 and
20 .
9m+27
m+3
=9
d:
n+3
n1
28
Lesson 4.1.2
4-22. Graph y = (x 3)2 2 and y = x + 1 and find the x-values of the points of intersection.
Or, graph y = x 2 7x + 6 and find the x-intercepts. x = 1 or x = 6
y
b: x =
7
3
or x = 5
x = 13, x = 5 is extraneous
4-28. x = 36
b: x = 20 2 or x 28.28
y
1
2
(x 2)3 + 1 = 2x 2 6x 3 , x = 0 or x = 4
b: x = 6 is also a solution.
c:
1
2
(x 2)3 + 1 = 0 , x 0.74
d: Domain and range of f(x): all real numbers, domain of g(x): all real numbers,
range of g(x): y 7.5
4-31. a: x = 3
b: x = 1 or x = 3
4-32. a: y =
b: m2 =
5
3
c: m =
4-33.
x4
2E
v2
c: x = 8 or x = 13
d: x = 1.2
Fr 2
Gm1
d: y = 10 (x 4)2 + 1
y
x
b: 117.58
Selected Answers
y
x
29
Lesson 4.1.3
4-40. a: (2, 11); The lines intersect at one point.
b: infinite solutions; The equations are equivalent.
c: (2, 45), and(1, 3); The line and parabola intersect twice.
d: (3, 6); The line is tangent to the parabola.
b: x =
4-41. a: y = 3 or y = 5
99
4
c: y = 1
d: x = 13
d: t(n) = 5(1.2)n
e: t(n) = 1620
b: m = 23 , b = (0, 5)
c: m = 2, b = (0, 12)
Lesson 4.1.4
4-51. 4c + 5p = 32, c + 8p = 35, cylinders weigh 3 oz. and prisms weigh 4 oz.
4-52. Yes. No. Any value of x such that 3 x 2 is a solution.
4-53. a: x = 4
b: x = 6
c: x = 6
4-54. a: (4, 6)
b: (4, 6)
c:
4-55. a:
b:
d: x =
3
2
( 23 , 94 )
4-56. B
4-57. a: See graph at right.
30
b: x 0.71
Lesson 4.2.1
b: boundary points x = 4,
b: x 4 or x 1
c: 1 < x < 4
e: 1 < x < 4
f: x 1 or x 4
b: y = x 12
b: y = 7, y = 13
3 is extraneous
3x 2 +x3
2 x 3 +9 x 2 5 x
3
2
b:
3x5
2 x+3
c:
x+4
4 x3
d:
m+5
m+4
c:
a
x+1
d:
xb
a
x = 6 + 4 6 or x = 6 4 6
4-71. a: x(b + a)
b: x(1 + a)
x
3
2
7
2
b: x 250 or x 70
c:
b: C = 1200 + 40m
c: 20 months
d: 5 years
x3
3x14
b:
2 x1
x+1
1
2
Selected Answers
x2
b: y = 2x + 2
31
Lesson 4.2.2
4-83. x = 2, y = 3, z = 5; Solve the system to two equations with x and y, then substitute these
values into the third equation to find z.
4-84. a: x 4
b: x < 6 or x > 6
6 0
b: y =
6
5
d: y = x 2 + 4x
c: y = (x + 1) 2 + 4
x 15
4-88. y = 0, x = 0
4-89. 2.11 feet
Lesson 4.2.3
4-92.
c: 32 square units.
4-94. a: x < 13
b:
1 0
13
4-95. a: no solution
5 57
4
5+ 57
4
or 0.637 x 3.137
b: y 4.3 or 10.7
4-96. (25, 3)
a: x 2 + 3y = 16 and x 2 2y = 31
b: The solutions to the new system are (5, 3) and (5, 3).
y
32
Lesson 4.2.4
4-99. a: y = 12 (x + 3)2 2
b: y = x +5
c: x = 1 or x = 5
f: x = 1 or x = 5
g: x = 1
7
3
b: x < 3
1
b:
c:
x
4-103. 60
c: y
4-104. a: y > 3x 3
b: y < 3
4-105. a: w = 0 or w = 4
b: w = 0 or w =
2
5
3
2
d: y x 2 9
x3
c: w = 0 or w = 6
Lesson 5.1.1
5-8.
a: y = 2(x +3)
5-9.
a: 9
b: 4
5-10.
c: x 1.89
b: x =
5
2
d: x =
c: x = 8
Cost (dollars)
80
3
Weight (ounces)
2013 CPM Educational Program. All rights reserved.
33
Lesson 5.1.2
y
b: y = 2(x 6)
c: y = 2x 6
b: 6m 2 + 11m 7
c: x 2 6x + 9
5-28. x 0.53
5-29. a: x 2 5x 14
5-30.
d: 4y 2 9
y
5-31. a:
x3
x(x4)
c: 2
b:
4
x2
d:
x1
x+1
b: $425.04
4 x
-4
-4
b: 4m 2 + 8m 5
c: x 2 81
d: 9y 2 + 12y + 4
5-39. x = 2.5
34
Lesson 5.1.3
5-48. 121
b: 17
5-49. a: 2x 3 + 2x 2 3x 3
b: x 3 x 2 + x + 3
c: 2x 2 + 12x + 18
d: 4x 3 8x 2 3x + 9
5-50. a: x = 10
7
b: x =
c: x = 115
or x = 1
d: x = 0 or x = 4
5-51. a: y = x 3
5-52.
1
3
b: y = 4
( 3 x 6)
c: y =
x 2 +6
5
y
x
5-53. 70
5-54. a: 3
Selected Answers
b: y 4
c:
1
3x
d:
x
x2
35
Lesson 5.2.1
5-60. Domain: x > 0; Range: < y < ; x-intercept: (1, 0) no y-intercept;
asymptote at x = 0
5-61. a: undefined
b: x 7
d: f (g(3)) = 12
c: g(3) = 11
b: x 31.43
b: 6x(x + 8)
y
d: 2x(x + 2)(x 2)
5-67. The region between the two parabolas, see graph at right.
-5
-5
36
Lesson 5.2.2
5-73. x = 2 y , no, yes, yes; They have the same graph or give the same table of (x, y) values,
or one is just a rewritten equation of the other.
5-74. a: x = log 5 (y)
d: K = log A (C)
b: x = 7 y
c: x = log 8 (y)
e: C = AK
f: K =
( 12 )N
b: decrease
c: Smaller size. Note: Sketching a graph of rate with respect to
bag size like the one at right may help here.
Rate
5-77. x = 4
5-78. a: x = 17 3 29.44
b: x = 4 2 5.66
5-79. See graph at right. domain: x 0, range: y 0, x- and y-intercept: (0, 0),
no asymptotes, half of parabola: y = x 2
5-80. a: A good sketch would be a parabola opening upwards with a locator
point at (6, 7).
e: y = x + 7 6
x
Selected Answers
37
Lesson 5.2.3
5-84. Possible answer: y = 2 x + 15
5-85.
y = log 7 x
5-86. n 3.66
5-87.
(x + 2)2 + (y 3)2 = 4r 2
5-88. $0.66
y
5-90. a: x = 10 or x = 8
b: x = 2 or x 4
c: 2 < x < 4
d: x 3 or x 13
5-91. a: x(x + 8)
c: 2(x +8)(x 1)
5-92. a: 2
b:
d: (3x + 1)(x 4)
1
x+2
c:
x4
(x2)(x1)
d:
4 x+16
x(x+2)
Lesson 5.2.4
5-96. a: 12 because 12.926628408 = 10
5-97. a: x = 25
d: x = 3
b: x = 2
c: x = 343
e: x = 3
f: x = 4
b: (2x + 1)2
b: x 1 or x 2
c: (2y + 1)(y + 2)
d: (3m + 1)(m 2)
y
bx
y
a
, or b =
x y
a
.
x
Lesson 5.2.5
5-112. f (g(x)) = g( f (x)) = x ; They are inverses.
5-113. No. For f (x) = mx + b, f (a) + f (b) = ma + b + mb + b = m(a + b) + 2b and
f (a + b) = m(a + b) + b .
5-114. x 1.585
5-115. a: t(n) is arithmetic, h(n) is geometric, q(n) is neither
b: No, because h(n) is increasing much faster than the other two.
c: h(1) = q(1) = 12 and t(2) = h(2) = 36 ; continuous graphs for t(n) and q(n) intersect but
not for an integer n. h(n) is increasing much faster than q(n).
5-116. s(n) = (50 + 7n)2 6(50 7n) + 17 , neither, it is quadratic and there is no common
difference or multiplier.
5-117. a:
b: 10 x+m
1
10
2
-5
5-119. (3, 0, 5)
5-120. m 2.19
2
-5
1
2
y
5
5-123. x 1.68
5-124. a:
6 x21
(x4)(x+1)
5-125. a: b + a
Selected Answers
b:
5+6 x
2(x5)
b: 3d + 2c 2
c:
-2
-2
1
x+1
c: x 1
d:
5
x 2 9
d: xy
39
Lesson 6.1.1
6-8.
6-9.
x = 2, y = 5
6-10. a: 9
b: 4N 3, arithmetic
6-11. a: x 1.204
b: x 1.613
6-12. a:
1
25
6-13. a: x
6-14. a:
b:
x
y2
b:
6
x 2 3x+2
c: x = 6
c:
1
x 2 y2
d: x 2.004
d:
b10
a
1
2
b: 2
c: The product of the slopes is 1, or they are negative reciprocals of each other.
6-15. Heather is correct, because a 4% decrease does not undo a 4% increase.
40
Lesson 6.1.2
6-21. a: (0, 10, 0), (0, 0, 4)
d: (0, 0, 6)
b: y =
1
x2
c: y = x 3 + 3
6-24. It is not the parent. The second equation does not have a vertical asymptote, and it has a
maximum value, while y = 1x does not.
6-25. a: x =
b
3
b
b: x= 5a
b
c: x= 1+a
x2 = x .
Selected Answers
b: 102
b: 1,574,000 people/year
c: 102
c: 1960 to 2010
d: 132
41
1
(x3)
b:
x+3
2 x1
6-39. a:
y x + 4,y x
6-38.
1
3
6-36. Yes.
Lesson 6.1.3
5
2
6-42. a: Neither
b: x = 4, 2, or 3
b: Even
6-43. x = 3, y = 1, z = 3
Lesson 6.1.4
6-51. (1, 2, 4)
6-52. a: $140,809.30
b: 24.2 years
c: $164,706.25
6-53. x = 7
6-54. a: They both equal 16, but this is a special case (for example, 5 3 35 ).
6-55. a: x = 6.5
b: x = 3.75 or x = 5
6-56. a: y= 13 x + 5
b: y= 2x + 5
6-57. a: y = x 2 + 4x
6-58. a: See graph right.
c: y= 12 x + 15
2
d: y = 2x
b: y=5 x 3
y
-5
-5
Lesson 6.1.5
6-71. x = 1, y = 3, z = 5
6-72.
y = 3x 2 5x + 7
6-73. a:
x+3
x4
1
b: x(x+2)
6-74. a: y + 2x
b: 2b + 4a 2
c: 6x 1
d: xy
6-75. a: x = 12 y
b: y x = 17
c: 2x = log1.75 y
d: 7 = log x 3y
6-76. x = 14
6-77. a: 0.0488 grams
b: Roughly between 4600 and 6700 depending on how the base is rounded.
c: Never
6-78. a: See graph at right.
b: x > 2; y = x + 2 and x 2; y = (x + 2)3
6-79. a: 2 4
b: 2 3
c: 21/2
d: 2 2/3
6-80. x = 1, y = 3, z = 6
6-81.
y = 2x 2 3x + 5
6-82. a: 24 = b a
6-83. a:
3
x+1
b: 7 = (2y)3x
b:
c: 5x = log 2 3y
d: 6 = log 2q 4 p
x4
x 2 3x+2
6-84. Yes, Hannah is correct; 4(x 3)2 29 = 4x 2 24x + 7 and 4(x 3)2 2 = 4x 2 24 + 34
6-85. a: y = 2(x 2)2 1 , vertex (2, 1), axis of symmetry x = 2
b: y = 5(x 1)2 12 , vertex (1, 12), axis of symmetry x = 1
6-86. See graph at right. y = log(x 6) + 3
6-87. a: 2a 2 4
d: 2x 2 + 28x + 94
Selected Answers
b: 18a 2 4
c: 2a 2 + 4ab + 2b 2 4
e: 50x 2 + 60x + 14
f: 10x 2 17
43
Lesson 6.2.1
6-95.
y = 3x
6-96. In 2 = 1.04 x the variable is the exponent, but in 56 = x 8 the exponent is known so
you can take the 8th root.
6-97. x > 100, because 10 2 = 100
6-98. Answers will vary.
6-99. a:
1
8
b:
1
x
c: m 1.586
d: n 2.587
1
2
b: 2 < x < 1
c: x 2 or x 1
6-102. a: Yes
44
Lesson 6.2.2
6-113. a: 5.717
6-114. a:
6-115.
x2
x1
b: 11.228
b:
b+a
aa 2b
y
log 5 7
log 5 2
6-116. It is the log 3 (x) graph shifted 4 units to the left. See graph at right.
x
z
x+7
3
2 or y =
x+7
3
2.
c: x 7 and y 2 or x 7 and y 2.
6-121. a:
6 x21
x 2 3x4
b:
5
x 2 9
b: n = 7
c: No, because there are no terms between the 6th term (62,500) and the 7th term
(312,500).
Selected Answers
45
Lesson 6.2.3
6-127. a: y = 40(1.5) x
b: When x = 9, or 9 days before the last day of October (October 22).
6-128. Possible answer: 4 (x+1) = 6
6-129. Answers will vary.
6-130. The graph should show a decreasing exponential function which will have an asymptote
at room temperature.
6-131. y = x 2 6x + 8
6-132. a: x
1
2
and y 3
d: x
b: g(x) =
(x3)2 +1
2
1
2
6-133. a: x 6.24
b: x = 5
6-134. a: (x 1)2 + y 2 = 9
b: (x + 3)2 + (y 4)2 = 4
6-135. a: x + 5
b: a + 5
6-136. a: p 1 (x) = 3 ( x3 6)
c: h 1 (x) =
46
c: x 3 and y
x+1
x1
c: x y
d:
x 2 +1
x 2 1
b: k 1 (x) = 3 ( x6
3 )
d: j 1 (x) =
3x2
x
= 2x + 3
Lesson 6.2.4
6-138. a: Decreasing by 20% means you multiply by 0.8 each time, and the presence of a
multiplier implies exponential.
b: y = 23500(0.8 x )
c: $9625.60
d: 6.12 years
e: $42,926.44
b: x > 0
c: x = 10 23
6-140. a: x = 2.236
b: x = 4.230
c: x = 0.316
d: x = 2.021
e: x = 3.673
6-139. a: x =
1
2
6-141. a: 16
b: 12
c: 12 4 = 20736
d: 54
e: No, they are not inverses (if they were, then the answers to parts (c) and (d) would
have to be 2).
6-143. c(x) = x 2 5
6-144. x = 17
6-145. a:
2(x+1)
x+3
b:
6-146. a: 30
6-147. y
3x 2 5 x3
(2 x+1)2
b: 22.6
3
4
Selected Answers
x + 3, y
3
4
x 3, x3,x3
47
Lesson 7.1.1
7-3.
a: The shape would be stretched vertically. In other words, there would be a larger
distance between the lowest and highest points of each cycle.
7-5.
b: Each cycle would be longer horizontally. Fewer cycles would fit on a page of the
same length.
y
See graph at right. domain: x 3, range: y 0,
asymptotes at x = 3 and y = 0 f 1 (x) = 2x + 3
x
a: 27.04 feet
b: 176.88 cm
c: 28.94 meters
7-6.
30 - 60: 12 ,
7-7.
y = 6x x 2
7-8.
7-9.
a: y = x + 52
7-4.
3
2
; 45 - 45:
1
2
1
2
or
)2 + 43 , vertex ( 52 , 43 )
2
2
2
2
b: (0, 7)
48
3 ; isosceles: hypotenuse:
2 , leg: 1
60
60
60
x = 2 , 52 , y = 10
7-18. a: 0
b: 3
c: 4
d: 64
y
7-19. y : 3; 4; 5; undefined; 7; 8
a: See graph at right. It is linear. The data does not all
connect because f (1) is undefined.
b: y = x + 5, f (0.9) = 5.9, f (1.1) = 6.1, no asymptote.
c: The complete graph is the line y = x +5 with a hole at (1, 6).
7-20. a: An exponential function
b: y = 60000 + 12000(0.93)t
7-21. If he drives down the center of the road, the height of the tunnel at the edge of the house
is only approximately 23.56 feet. The house will not fit.
7-22. a: x 33.752
b: x 9.663
Selected Answers
49
< <
1
7
7-29. a:
b:
x
c:
d:
x
x
or 14 , y = 3
W-1(x)
7-30.
x=
3
2
50
Lesson 7.1.3
y
(a)
90
x=
3 6
3
-1
(c)
(c)
(c)
(c)
270
450
630
(b)
(b)
,y=1
y
7-42. x 5
Selected Answers
51
15
4
) (
, 14 or
15
4
, 14
7-54. P: (cos 50 , sin 50 ) or (~0.643, ~0.766); Q: (cos110 , sin 110 ) or (~ 0.342, ~0.940)
7-55. a: 300
b:
7-56. a: 30
b: 60
7-57.
1
2
3
2
c:
1
2
c: 67
3
2
)
y
d: 23
x = 11
5
7-58. a: downward parabola, vertex (2, 3), see graph above right.
y
52
b: 270 or 90
d: Approximately 160
e: No, an angle with sine equal to 0.9 has cosine equal to 0.4359, so the point (0.8, 0.9)
is not on the unit circle.
b: (cos70 , sin70 )
b: x =
5 57
4
c: no solution
7-69.
7.07 '
7-70. Tess is correct: A sequence has no more than one output for each input. A sequence is a
function with domain limited to positive integers.
Selected Answers
53
Lesson 7.1.5
7-77. a: Same;
2
2
0.707
b:
3
2
0.866
1
2
, or 3.
b: x 0.936
9
2
3
2
c: x 0.711
to account for the factor of 2. The vertex is
( 23 , 52 )
b: y = 3 x 23
7-83. a: x = 2.5121
b: x = 5 57y
a: No
b: 10 x 10, 10 y 10
c:
7-85.
200
3
54
Lesson 7.1.6
b:
7-90. a: 0.76
7-91.
7-92.
, ,
4 3 2
3
2
, 56
, 23 , 34 , 56 , , 76 , 54 , 43 , 32 , 53 , 74 , 116 , 2
b:
1
2
c: undefined
d: 9
sin A
cos A
3
10
91
100
7-97. a: f 1 (x) =
0.3145
x 3 +1
4
7-98. a: x = 4 or x = 2
Selected Answers
b: g 1 (x) = 7 x
b: x 2.81
55
Lesson 7.1.7
y
7-104. 420
a:
2 n
, , 3
7-105. a: 0
d: 0.5
7-107. a: 210
5
9
c: 1
e: 0
f: undefined
b: 300
radians
e:
9
2
radians
7-109. f (x) =
180
c:
radians
f: 630
y
2(x 4)2
b: 0
d:
1
2
f(x)
f-1(x)
+2
5
7-110. a: 13
b:
5
12
7-111. a: a + b
b: 2c
c: a + 2b
d: 3a + c
temperature
c:
3
2
time
56
Lesson 7.2.1
7-116. a: See graph at right.
b: y = 1+ sin x
) ( 32 ,0 ) ,( 72 ,0 ) ,...
c: y : (0, 1), x : 2 , 0 ,
7-117. a:
7-118. a: This may go up and down, but the cycles are probably of differing length.
b: This may or may not be periodic.
c: This is probably approximately periodic.
3
3125
Selected Answers
3
5
b: y = 2(0.5) x
15
5
b: x = 4, 1
b:
c: x = 4
3
3
3
3125
(x 125)2 + 15
57
Lesson 7.2.2
7-129. a: y = sin x 4 + 2
( )
(
)
d: y = 3 sin ( x 23 ) 1 or y = 3 sin ( x + 3 ) 1
c: y = sin x 6 + 2 or y = sin x + 56 + 2
7-130. 360 is the period of y = cos , so shifting it 360 left lines up the cycles perfectly.
7-131. Graphing form: y = 2(x 1)2 + 3 ; vertex (1, 3);
See graph at right.
7-132. a: x = (0, 0),
53 3
2
,0 and y = (0, 0)
7-134. a: y = 2 x + 14
b: y = 3(x + 1)2 + 15 , domain: all real numbers, range: < y < 15 ; Yes it is a function.
7-135. 64.16 , unsafe
7-136. a: 5,000,000 bytes
b: 12.3 minutes
c: According to the equation, technically never, but for all practical purposes, after
23 minutes.
7-137. See graph at right.
58
Lesson 7.2.3
y
2
2
= 1 or 2 (1) = 2
7-146. Colleens calculator was in radian mode, while Jolleens calculator was in degree mode.
Colleens calculation is wrong.
7-147. y = sin 2(x 1) is correct. To shift the graph one unit to the right, subtract 1 from x
before multiplying by anything.
7-148. They are both wrong. The equation needs to be set equal to zero before the Zero Product
Property can be applied. 2x 2 + 5x 3 = 4 is equivalent to (2x + 7)(x 1) = 0 .
x = 1 or x = 27
7-149. a: 3
7-150. a: y = 20
b: 1.5
( 12 )x + 5
c: 2
d: 12
b: w = 5.078
Selected Answers
59
Lesson 7.2.4
b: y = cos x + 2
7-158. a: Yes
7-159. 6 cycles, period:
c: y = sin x
b: 540
5
4
c:
d: 45
e:
2
2
b:
c:
f:
1
3
g:
7-162. a:
e: 1
7-163. 1, 12 , 2
radians
radians
f: 270
1
2
or
5
4
d:
2
2
h:
3
4
or
7
4
7-164. a: x = 0, x = 12 , or x =
5
3
b: x = 6 or x = 1
c: Answers will vary.
7-165. a, b, and c: Answers will vary.
7-166. a: About $564,240
60
b: In 2025
c: About $36,585
x
2
1
0
1
2
y
9
0
1
0
3
y
c: y = x 3
x
2
1
0
1
2
y
9
0
1
0
9
y
0
3
0
3
0
y
x
x
8-9.
Functions in parts (a), (b), and (e) are polynomial functions; explanations vary.
b: 0. 1, or 2
c: 0, 1, 2, 3
; subtracts 1
2
1
b: f 1 (x) = ( x3
2 ) + 1 , g (x) = 3(x + 2) 1
b:
c:
x
8-15. a: 4n 27
b: 135, 315
Selected Answers
c: 60, 120
d: 150, 210
61
b: x = 3
c: x = 2, x = 0, or x = 2
b: x = 7, 7
a: 2
8-21.
x = 1 6
a: 2
( )
8-24. a: y = 3x 4
b: y = 3(x7)
62
Lesson 8.1.2
8-36. At (3 5, 0) .
8-37. At (74, 0), a double root, and at (29, 0).
8-38. Possible Answers: a: y = x 2 + x 6
b: y = 2x 2 + 5x 3
8-39. a: 2
d: 6
b: 5
c: 3
8-40. Lines, parabolas (vertically oriented), and cubics are polynomial functions because they
can be written in the form y = axn. Exponentials are not polynomial functions because
x is the exponent. Circles are not functions.
y
8-41. a:
b:
-5
-5
b: (x 3)2 + (y 9)2 = 9
y
Selected Answers
b: 60, 240
d: 225, 315
63
Lesson 8.1.3
8-54. Stretch factor is 2. f (x) = 2(x + 2)2 (x 1)
8-55. a: degree 4, a4 = 6 , a3 = 3 , a2 = 5 , a1 = 1 , a0 = 8
b: degree 3, a3 = 5 , a2 = 10 , a1 = 0 , a0 = 8 ,
c: degree 2, a2 = 1 , a1 = 1 , a0 = 0
d: degree 3, a3 = 1 , a2 = 8 , a1 = 15 , a0 = 0
e: degree 1, a1 = 1
f: degree 0, a0 = 10
8-56. Possible equation: p(x) = 2.5(x + 4)(x 1)(x 3)
8-57. a: y = 4x 2 + 5x 6
b: y = x 2 5
8-58. There is no real solution, because a radical cannot be equal to a negative value.
8-59. a: C: (3, 7), r: 5
b: C: (0, 5), r: 4
c: x = 4
8-60. a: x =
d: x = 7
log 17
log 2
b: x = 242
c: x = 4
b: x 1 or x
d: x = 7
7
3
8-62. y = 2 + 4sinx
64
Lesson 8.2.1
8-70. a: 18 5i
8-71.
b: 1 2i
c: 5 + i 6
i 3 = i 2i = 1i = i ; 1
8-72. a: 21
b: 10 + 7i
c: 22 + i
x+3
2
8-78. a: x 2.24
Selected Answers
b:
2ior i 2
b:
x2 +3
c: 16
d: 27i
b: x 2.25
65
Lesson 8.2.2
8-87. Possible Functions:
a: f (x) = x 2 + 6x + 10
b: g(x) = x 2 10x + 22
c: h(x) = x 3 + 2x 2 7x 14
d: p(x) = x 3 + 2x 2 14x 40
b: b 2 4ac = 49 , real
y
b: 1, i, i, 1
d: i, 1, i
c: 1
e: 1, i, 1, i
8-91. a: 1
b: i
c: 1
log 17
log 3
8-94. a: 2
b: x = 3 17
b: 4
c: 5
d: 3
e: 1
8-95. a: Standard form for y-intercept at (0, 400) and graphing form for vertex at (0.5, 404).
b: 400 ft; 404 ft
8-96. a: y = log x
66
b: x = 2
Lesson 8.2.3
8-104. a: three real linear factors (one repeated), therefore two real (one single, one double) and
zero complex (non-real) roots
b: one linear and one quadratic factor, therefore one real and two complex (non-real)
roots
c: four linear factors, therefore four real and zero complex (non-real) roots
d: two linear and one quadratic factor, therefore two real and two complex (non-real)
roots
y
8-105. a:
b:
c:
d:
x
x
( 27 , 0 ) , y-intercept (0, 0)
8-112. 6, 12
Selected Answers
67
Lesson 8.3.1
8-120. a: 7
d: (x 2 2x 2)
c: (x + 7)
f: 7,1 3
b: 53 , 2
10
5
0
12 18
24 32
36 42
b:
68
3+2i 47i
4+7i 47i
8-141. a:
12
5
b: x 2 6x + 25 = 0
229i
65
b:
15 i
2
65
29
65 i
3 + 11 i
b: 13
13
x + 3 1; x 3,y 1
1 3 i
2
b:
y
x
8-144. (3, 4, 1)
8-145. x =
1
2
, amplitude: 2, inverted
Selected Answers
69
b: (x 2)
+ 15
17 i
b: 2 + 5i
8-149. a:
8
17
c: (x 2 4x 1)
d: 2, 2 5
8-150. a: Regular: (361, 367, 369 373, 380 grams); Diet (349, 354, 356.5, 361, 366 grams)
Regular
b: See histograms at right.
c: Regular: The mean is 369.6 grams, which falls at the middle
of the distribution on the histogram. The shape is singlepeaked and symmetric, so the mean should be a good
measure of the center. There are no outliers, so the standard
deviation of 4.34 grams could be used to describe spread.
Diet: The mean is 357.5 grams; this mean also falls at the
center of the data on the histogram. The data is doublepeaked but still fairly symmetric so the mean could be used
to represent the center. There are no outliers so the standard
deviation of 5.12 grams could be used to describe spread.
348
360
372
384
372
384
Diet
348
360
d: The regular cola cans are noticeably heavier (or had more mass) than the diet cans.
The lightest regular can is at the third quartile of the diet sample and the median of
the regular cans is heavier than the most massive diet can. The spread of each
distribution is similar and they are both reasonably symmetric but the diet cans have a
double peaked distribution.
e: Answers will vary.
8-151. See graph at right.
a: 4
8-152. a: x = 4 ( 1 is extraneous)
b: x =
8-153. a:
b:
1
4
y
d:
c:
8-154. a: x = 2, (x 2)
8-155. a: x =
70
2
3
, 43
b: x = 2, 3 2i ; (x 2) ( x (3 + 2i) ) ( x (3 2i) )
b: x = 6 , 76
c: x = 0,
d: x = 4 , 74
Core Connections Algebra 2
b: 1 2i
5
9
b: x = 3
c: x = 48
d: x 1.46
8-159. Students should show the substitution of the coordinates of the point into both equations
to verify.
8-160. x = 2 or x 1.1187
8-161. a: x 781.36
c: x = 1, 15
b: x = 6
d: x = 0, 1, 2
8-162. When you find the complement of the angle, the x and y values reverse.
7 7 = i 7 i 7 = i 2 49 = 7
8-163. a:
b: She multiplied
c:
7 7 to get
49 = 7 .
Selected Answers
b:
5
12
c:
7
6
d:
5
4
71
Lesson 8.3.3
8-169. (0, 0), (3, 0) , and (0.5, 0)
b: x 3+ 2 37
8-171. a: (x + 10 )(x 10 )
c: (x + 2i)(x 2i)
8-172. a: real
d: real
)( x
3 37
2
b: complex
c: complex
e: real
f: complex
8-173. It is not; 16 + 8 32 40
8-174. a: x = 5 or 1
b: x = 4 or 0
c: x = 7
d: x = 1
8-175. a: 24
b: (x 3 3x 2 7x + 9) (x 5) = (x 2 + 2x + 3) with a remainder of 24.
8-176. a: y = x 2 + 1
8-177. a:
b: y = x 2 2x 1
b:
x
72
Lesson 9.1.1
9-7.
9-8.
a: The five-number summary is (1, 19.5, 29, 40.5, 76 cups of coffee per hour).
b: The typical number of cups sold in an hour is 29 as determined by the median.
Looking at the shape of the distribution the median is a satisfactory representation of
the distribution. The distribution has a skew. There is a gap between 60 and 70 cups.
The IQR is 21 cups. Seventy-six cups of coffee in one hour is an apparent outlier.
9-9.
a: (x 1), (x 7)
b: Neither are factors. Use substitution to determine whether x = 1 and x = 1 are zeros.
Or you could use the Remainder Theorem and divide to see that neither are factors
because there is a remainder.
9-10.
25
24
9-11. a: 30 or 150
b: 120 or 240
c: 45 or 225
f (g(x)) = g( f (x)) = x
73
Lesson 9.1.2
9-22. a: The question implies that the questioner holds this opinion, thus biasing results.
b: The question assumes that the respondent believes that the climate is changing and
will think that one of the given factors is important, and that it is important to slow
global climate change, biasing results.
c: The question implies that teacher salaries should be raised.
9-23. Sample questions given:
a: Are a majority of Americans in favor of replacing the Electoral College with a
popular vote?
b: Do consumers prefer the taste of the new improved cookie recipe?
c: What was the class average on the semester final exam?
d: What was the average for high school students taking the state math proficiency
examination last year?
Hush Puppy
10
8
10
8
9-26. y = 6, z = 2
9-27. a: x = 4
9-28. a:
9-29.
b: x = 200
b:
12
c:
5
12
7
2
y = 14 (x 2)(x + 2)2
9-30. a: 160
3 , about 167.6 cubic feet
c: It is not changing, the angle is 68.20
74
d:
b: 6 feet
Lesson 9.1.3
9-36. a: This information could be found on the web for all American League players.
It would be a census and the answer would be a parameter.
b: An experiment would need to be conducted on a sample of eggs. The findings would
be a statistic.
c: Random high school students could be surveyed, possibly from different high schools
in different parts of the country. Surveying every high school student would be almost
impossible, so this survey would be a sample and the answer would be a statistic.
9-37. a: closed
b: open
c: open
d: closed
2
9
; k = 7, 8 are factorable.
3
x+5
9-43.
x
x+2
9-44. a:
4
5
Selected Answers
b:
15
9
c: 100
d: 255
e: 1710
f:
11
9
75
Lesson 9.2.1
9-50. a: When asked to choose between an m and a q, most people prefer m, regardless
of the Cola taste.
b: The to protect interpretation is not part of the Bill of Rights; it will bias the results.
c: The statistics chosen for the lead-in will bias the results.
9-51. a: Only certain types of people typically respond.
b-d: Answers will vary.
e: Students should observe some clear preferences for some numbers, letters, and colors.
This would provide evidence that people cannot behave or choose randomly.
= 1.3 ,
9-52. Mean: 7.6 g, mean distance-squared: 2.56+0.16+0.16+1.96+0.36
51
sample standard deviation 1.14 g (and not 1.02).
9-53.
( 12 , 6, 3)
9-54.
x 2 + 25
9-55. 2, 5i
9-56.
15
17
9-57. a: 3 + 2i
b: 1 + 4i
9-58. a: x = 32
b: x =
76
c: 5 + i
d: 12 + 52 i
1
6
Lesson 9.2.2
9-62. a: Not likely; this samples the population of people with phone numbers listed online that
are home midday. In each of these, we could also notice that we only get responses
from those who agree to participate in our polling activitiesalready a very
unrepresentative sample.
b: Not likely; this samples the population of people who shop at this particular grocery
store.
c: Not likely; this samples the population of people who attend movies.
d: Not likely: this samples the population of people who go downtown at the time you are
there.
e: This sample is likely to be more representative, as it is closer to random.
30 get
classroom
SAT prep
random assignment
90 student
volunteers
take SAT
30 get
on-line
SAT prep
30 get no
additional
instruction
9-64. Children would need to be randomly assigned to treatment groups, one that gets spanked
and another where there is no spanking. After a period of years the IQ of both groups can
be tested and compared. Any variable that has the suggestion or potential to lower the IQ
of a human does not belong in a clinical experiment. Who would decide who, when, and
how the spankings would be administered? Would you spank kids randomly?
9-65. Mean: 52 g, mean distance-squared:
64+64+4+144+4
51
32
3
cubic units
x 3 + 8 = (x + 2)(x 2 2x + 4)
9-69. a:
2x
-2
-2
b:
x
x
Selected Answers
77
Lesson 9.3.1
9-75. a: They will not show the people who named other stations or people saw the station
logo and knew what station the interviewer was from.
b: Surveying outside the gym does not give you a random sample.
c: No, more people drive during the day. You should look at the probability of being in
an accident.
d: About half of all power plants are below average. It does not mean that it is unsafe.
9-76. Answers will vary.
9-77. a: 32 = 9
9-78. a: n = 2;
9-79.
b: 30 = 1
1
7
c: 33 + 31 = 27 + 3 = 30
b: n = 0, 1;
2
7
c: n = 3, 4, 5, 6;
d:
9
2
4
7
1
5
9-80. a: x = 4
b: x = 9
b:
x
9-83. a: No
b: No, no number of trials will assure there are no red ones.
c: Not possible.
78
Lesson 9.3.2
9-88. a: The typical number of tardy students (center) is the median, 3 students, because 50%
of the students fall below 3. The shape is single-peaked and symmetric with no gaps
or clusters. The IQR (spread) is 1 student, because Q1 is 2 and Q3 is 3. There are no
apparent outliers.
b: (0.43 + 0.13 + 0.07)(30) = 19 days
c: 30%
9-89. a: Answers will vary.
b: Yes, assuming a sufficient sample size, a controlled randomized experiment can show
cause and effect because of the random assignment of subjects to the groups.
9-90. Experiments can be very expensive, time consuming, and in some cases involving
humans or animals, unethical.
y
(x + 3)2 + (y 2)2
9-96. a: x + 3
b:
Selected Answers
79
Lesson 9.3.3
9-103. a: 667.87 lunches; sample standard deviation is 56.17 lunches.
b: (576, 624, 665, 700.5, 785)
0.351
0.216
0.135
0.108
0.108
0.081
e: 10.8%
f: Use half of the 680 720 bin. 0.216 + 0.351 + (0.5)(0.108) 62.1%
9-104. a: See graph at right.
b: 2.7333 tardy students, 1.1427
c: See graph middle right.
d: See graph middle right. 11.0%
e: See graph far right.
normalcdf(4, 10^99, 2.7333, 1.1427) = 0.1338. 0.1338(180) 24 days
9-105. a: See graph at right.
b: 50 %
c: See graph at right.
normalcdf(11.5, 12.5, 12, 0.33) = 87%
9-106. a: log 3 (5m)
9-107. a:
2 x 2 2 x7
(x3)(x+1)(x2)
b: log 6 ( m )
b:
c: not possible
x 2 +2 x4
x(x2)
d: x(x 2 2x + 4)
x+2
x5
c:
d: log(10) = 1
z
z
9-108. a: x = 26
b: x =
2 10
3
3
2
1
b:
(x + 1)2 + (y + 1)2
2
1
2
9-111. a: f 1 (x) = 13 ( x5
2 ) + 1 = 12 (x 5) + 1 for x 5
Lesson 10.1.1
10-7. a: $165
b: t(n) = 50 + 5(n 1)
10-8. a: 4050
c: $930
233 units
b:
10-14. $20.14
10-15. 34,800 people
10-16. Yes, because the sum of the diameters is 830 mm.
10-17. 235
10-18. (6) + (3) + 0 + 3 + 6 + 9 + 12 + 15 + 18
10-19. It is the 55th term.
10-20. 220
10-21. a:
10 P5
= 30, 240
b: 10 9 4 = 65, 610
10-22. n = 6 2
10-23. a: 2
b:
3
4
10-24. a: It looks like an endless wave repeating the original cycle over and over again.
b: A polynomial of degree n has at most n roots, but f(x) = sin(x) has infinitely many
roots. Also, every polynomial eventually heads away from the x-axis.
Selected Answers
81
Lesson 10.1.2
10-34. a: odds: t(n) = 1+ 2(n 1) , evens: t(n) = 2 + 2(n 1)
b: odds: 5625, evens: 5700
10-35. a: t(n) = 21 4(n 1)
b: 31; You can solve the equation 25 4n = 99 .
c: 1209
10-36. 15
x
x
82
b:
5
12
c: 12
d:
5
2
Lesson 10.1.3
10-49. a: 16,200
b: 16,040
c: 564
12 C10
= 66
b: 9 C7 = 36
10-53. Some may substitute for x, others may set x equal to 3 + i 2 and work back to the
equation, others may write the two factors and multiply to get the original equation, and
others may solve by completing the square.
10-54. The graphs of y = 2 x and y = 5 x intersect at only one point.
10-55. h = $2.50, m = $1.75
10-56. a: 17
10-57.
b: 5
y
x
Selected Answers
83
Lesson 10.1.4
11
b: (3 + 7(k 1)) =
k=1
k=1
n[3+(3+7(n1))]
2
n(1+7n)
2
10-63. 495,550
10-64. It works for the integers from 1 through 39.
10-65. a: 7 3n
b: 10(0.6)n1
10-66. 9! = 362,880
10-67. a: normalcdf(10^99, 59, 63.8, 2.7) = 0.0377; 3.77%
b: (0.0377)(324)(half girls) = 6 girls
c: normalcdf(72,10^99, 63.8, 2.7) = 0.00119. (0.00119)(324)(half) = 0.19 girls.
We would not expect to see any girls over 6ft tall.
z
z
10-68. a:
b:
84
1
2
c: 310 n1 =
i=1
310 n 3
9
10-88. a: A sequence would represent the list of the class sizes of the graduating classes as the
number of years since the school opened increased. The corresponding series would
represent the growing number of alumni.
b: t(10) = 150 ; total = 960
c: n(36 + 6n) = 36n + 6n 2
10-89. a: 15
b: 615
23 P3
= 10, 626
b:
23 C 3
b:
d: 4 22 22 = 1848
c: 1 22 22 = 484
= 1771
x2
x+2
x3
2 x+1
c: Use the Distributive Property to factor and the multiplicative property of 1 to reduce.
10-94. a and b: no amplitude, period = , LP = (0, 0).
See graph at right.
10-95. a: x = 125
2
c: x = 0.04
Selected Answers
b: x =
d: y =
4
5
f(x)
9
4
85
Calculate the sums of two geometric series, the first with 25 terms, the second with 15.
Retirement at age 55: $1,093,777; at age 65: $1,115,934
10-97.
10-98.
a: 8! = 40320
10-99.
a:
272 = 4 17 units
10-100. a: x =
5
2
b: y =10
c: 1 7! + 7!1 = 10080
b: 1 7! = 5040
b:
c: x = 3, 2
d: y = 15
4
c: In system (a), the solutions are the points of intersection. In system (b), the solutions
show that they do not intersect.
10-102. tan(160) = 0.3640 , tan(200) = 0.3640 , tan(340) = 0.3640
10-103. a: x = 4
b: x = 48
c: x = 3
d: x = 6
10-104. 26 + i
86
Lesson 10.2.2
10-117.
500 miles
10-118.
a: 7C2 = 21
b: 7C3 = 35
c: 7C4 = 35
d: Choosing three points to form a triangle is the same as choosing four points to not be
7!
7!
part of the triangle. Those four points form a quadrilateral, 7C3 = 4!3!
= 3!4!
= 7C4.
10-119.
a: 10t + u (10u + t) = 27
10-120.
$1157
10-121.
a, d
10-122.
a: (x 3)(x 2 2x + 5)
10-123.
3
11
10-124.
10-125.
10-126.
121
27
10-127.
a: 45
b: 792
c: 7
10-128.
a: x = 3, 4
b: x = 1.5, 3
c: x =
d: Never
e: x = 0, 2,
10-129.
a: 16x 5/2 y 4 z 2
10-130.
a: 0, 5 seconds
b: 0 t 5
10-131.
10-132.
a: x = 1, 4
Selected Answers
b: x = 13
b: 3,1 2i
4
3
b: x 1 or x 4
1 57
4
f: x = 0
c: 5 seconds
d: 1 < t < 4
c: 1 x 4
87
10-146.
640w 2 z 3
10-147.
1365
10-148.
a: 16
10-149.
4 C0
= 1, 4 C1 = 4, 4 C2 = 6, 4 C3 = 4, 4 C4 = 1
a: The number of possibilities are the elements of the 4th row of the triangle.
b: 1, 6, 15, 20, 15, 6, 1; Use the 6th row of the triangle.
10-150.
a: 9 C3 = 84
b: 9 C2 = 36
c:
10 C 3
= 9 C 3 + 9 C2
d: The tenth row entry of Pascals Triangle is the sum of the two ninth row entries
above it and these numbers correspond to the total number of combinations when
one more choice is added.
y
10-151.
10-152.
10-153.
(2,3, 12 )
10-154.
a: y = x 2 4x + 5 = (x 2)2 + 1
b: (2, 1)
88
42x 3
10-156.
728
10-157.
10-158.
a: f (x) = (x + 2)2 + 2
b: (x + 3)2 + (y 4)2 = 25
x
x
10-159.
32.9 mm
10-160.
y = 2x + 34
10-161.
c: x 1, y 4
d: 5
10-162.
a: x = 7
c: x 1.75
10-163.
c: y =
d: 10 seconds
b: x = 1.5
1
4
x 2 + 3x 5
e: 0 x 10
Selected Answers
d: x 1.87
height
f: 0 x < 2
time
89
Lesson 10.3.2
10-169.
10-170.
10-171.
a: 1+ n3 +
10-172.
10-173.
a: 2 = (1.015)4t , 2 = e0.06t
3
n2
1
n3
b: 1+ 5n + 102 + 103 +
n
5
n4
1
n5
10-175.
8x 3 36x 2 + 54x 27
10-176.
a: log 2 (5x)
b: log 2 (5x 2 )
c: x = 17
9 = 0.45
d: x = 20
e: x = 15
f: x = 4
10-177.
a: 10t + u
b: 10u + t
c: t + u = 11 and 10t + u (10u + t) = 27
d: 74 and 47
90
Lesson 11.1.1
11-5. a: preface
b: biased wording
c: desire to please
d: fair question
11-6. a: Using the normal model here is not a good idea because the data is not symmetric,
single-peaked, and bell-shaped. A different model would represent the data better.
b: 9/48 19th percentile; In 19% of the hours over the two day period the coffee shop
was not profitable.
c: 41/48 = 85th percentile. In 85% of the hours over the two-day period, the coffee shop
would not have been profitable. If this data represents a typical 48-hour period, now
would not be the time to expand.
11-7. If the nickel is tossed and the die rolled there are 12 equally likely outcomes. He can
make a list of each of the possible outcomes, assign one player to each outcome
(H1-Juan, H2-Rolf, T6-Jordan), and then toss the coin and roll the die to select.
11-8. a: No, by observation, a curved regression line may be
better. See graph at right.
8.187 1.338 d
c: m =
, where m is the percentage of mold,
and d is the number of days. Hannah predicted the
mold covered 20% of a sandwich on Wednesday.
Hannah measured to the nearest percent.
% Mold
b: Exponential growth.
40
20
5
3
Day
11-9. a: f 1 (x) = ln x
b: f(x): domain is all real numbers, range is y > 0, y-intercept is (0, 1),
asymptote is y = 0. f1(x): domain is x > 0, range is all real numbers,
x-intercept is (1, 0), asymptote is x = 0. See graphs at right.
c: 2 and 3
y
d: Above log base 2 for x > 1 and below it for 0 < x < 1, below
log base 3 for x > 1 and above for 0 < x < 1.
11-10. a: 9.00646832 for both
Garage?
yes no
0.80 0.20
b: 2 + 2i
11-12. a: 2i
0.60
0.80
Selected Answers
= 75%
Large
Backyard?
11-11. 765
yes
0.60 0.15
0.75
no
0.20 0.05
0.25
91
Lesson 11.1.2
11-18. Answers should be close to P(sum 6 or less) =
3 days per week.
15
36
( 135 , 115 )
b: 5, 12
11-23. a: 12
b:
3
8
1
2
92
b: 2.4849
c: 2.7726
d: 1.0986
Lesson 11.1.3
11-28. Theoretically, the series is expected to last for 5.8125 games.
11-29. Theoretically, a streak of 4 or more has probability of about 48%, a streak of five or more
about 25%, a streak of six or more 12%, and a streak of seven or more about 6%.
11-30. The survey is not random. They will get a lot more representation from adults. People
may be influenced by the responses of others. An individual may have several favorites
but only states one.
11-31. a: x =
1
4
y 2 1 , parabola
b: x 2 + y 2 = 49 , circle
11-32. a: 51
b: 64.77
1
12
b:
11-35. a: 266.67
580
b: 37.5%
c: (9, 1)
1 (x 3)
d: y 2 = 12
c: 27%
d: 135
R
18 18
38 38
324
1444
324
1444
324
324
1444 + 1444
36
+ 1444
47.37% .
22.44% .
is
Selected Answers
93
Lesson 11.2.1
11-41. Theoretically, there will be 7.39 streaks of three or more in 60 days.
11-42. a: 7.83%
b: 5% and 11%
c: About 7.83% 3% def. flashlights
11-43. Each used a convenience sample. Each sample came from a distinct population with
people who have many things in common, including attitudes and beliefs about the
subject matter of murals.
11-44. a: 344
b: 6740
11-45. a: x = 10p
b: x = 3q 2p
First Jar
black purple
0.60
0.40
Second Jar
11-46. y = 5, z = 3
yellow
0.30
orange
0.50
white
0.20
0.18
0.12
0.30
0.20
0.12
0.08
b: 20 10 6
c: Two sounds have equivalent pressures, or one sound has a pressure of 20 micropascals.
d: 100
94
Lesson 11.2.2
b: 65% 9%
11-53. 3% 0.85%. Answers vary, but should be 3% plus/minus a number smaller than 1.7%
11-54. The energy usage will change by 1.3% to 1.7%. Indiana could save up to $11.7 million,
but could end up spending $15.3 million.
11-55. a: Answers will vary. Like a tournament, the students could be paired and the coin
tossed for each pair. The winners are paired and the coin tossed again, repeating
until there is just one student.
b: 3 tosses. Tossing a coin 3 times has 8 equally likely outcomes: HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT,
THH, THT, TTH, TTT. Assign each student an outcome and toss the coin 3 times.
c: Yes. Use the method outlined in part b repeatedly until a baseball player is not
selected.
y
11-56. a:
b:
y = 2(x + 47 )2 105
8 , graph shown at right,
7
105
vertex ( 4 , 8 ) , axis of symmetry x = 47
97 , graph shown at far right,
y = 3(x 16 )2 12
1
97
vertex ( 6 , 12 ) , axis of symmetry x = 16
y
11-57.
a:
x
3 x
b:
c: For part (a), the parts above the x-axis stay the same, the parts below the x-axis are
reflected upward across the axis. For part (b), the part of the graph to the right of the
y-axis remains the same, and the part to the left of the y-axis is replaced by a reflection
of the part on the right of the axis.
11-58. a: Some may predict the amount due will be far too much for a state to pay.
b: 1.126 1015 dollars
c: A $2.7911016 , or about 2.68 1016 dollars more.
c: x =
log(3)
log(2)
log(12)
log(7)
b: x =
d: x =
Selected Answers
Widows Peak
yes
no
0.70
0.30
log(8)
log(5)
log(b)
log(a)
Dimples
11-59. a: x =
yes
0.45
no
0.55
0.315
0.165
95
Lesson 11.2.3
11-64. Upper bound: 25145 lower bound: 24563; Students should report that 90% of the time we
can expect that the copy machine will need maintenance after 24854 291 copies. The
interval of confidence is from 24563 to 25145. 25000 copies is within the interval of
confidence, so the research company may support the copy machine companys claim.
They may also state that the copy machine company is pushing the limits with a claim of
at least 25000 copies since the range within the margin of error is from 24563 to 25145.
11-65. a: 0.12
b: A difference of zero is not within the margin of error, so it is not a plausible result. A
difference of zero means that there is no difference in the percentage of food removed
with detergent compared with the percentage of food cleaned off with plain water.
c: Yes. Because a difference of zero is not within the margin of error, a difference of
zero is not a plausible result for the population of all food cleaned. We are convinced
there is between 3.5% and 20.5% (12% 8.5%) more food removed with detergent
than with plain water.
11-66. a: 1/8 or 12.5%, yes
b: Her study provides no reliable evidence of her conclusion. She used a convenience
sample of only 4 people. Her question introduced bias with the preface about violence
and crime. There may also have been a desire to please the interviewer. She used a
closed question forcing romantic comedies as the only alternative to action movies.
Even if there is no real preference among moviegoers, it is plausible that 4 people will
have the same opinion between any two types of movies.
11-67. a: The number of cards on the field is 768 1029 = 790, 272 cards. The probability is
1
790272 or 0.000 001 265 .
b:
790,272 cards
52 cards
1 pack
The maximum loss is if the first player chooses a card and wins:
$1, 000, 000 prize ($0.99)(15,198) cost of packs + $5 from the player
= $1, 015, 041.02 . (If nobody plays, then the million dollars is not paid out, and the
boosters do not have the maximum possible loss.)
c: If all of the chances were purchased,
1, 000, 000 prize ($0.99)(15,198) cost of packs + ($5)(790, 272) from players
= $2, 936, 313.98
d: On average half the cards would be sold before there was a winner,
1, 000, 000 prize ($0.99)(15,198) cost of packs + ($5)(395,136) from players
= $960, 633.98 .
e:
96
223 football fields would have to be covered to give the same odds as
winning the state lottery!
176,000,000
790,272
11-68. (0, 0)
11-69. a: 5 + i
b: 1 + 9i
c: 26 + 7i
11-70. a: 4 y 10
b: m > 1 or m < 2
11-71. a: x = 3 or x = 2
b: x < 3 or x > 2
Selected Answers
d: 0.56 + 0.92i
97
Lesson 11.2.4
11-75. Yes, 20% is within the margin of error of 13% 10%.
11-76. a: 0.10
b: i: 25% of 40 + 15% of 40 = 16 putts went into the hole
ii: 1 to 16 will represent a putt that went into the hole; 17 to 80 will represent a putt
that missed.
c: A difference of zero means that there is no difference between the proportion of putts
that went in the hole with the new club and the proportion of putts that went in with
the old club. A difference of zero is within the margin of error, so it is a plausible
result.
d: No. A difference of zero is within the margin of error, and a difference of zero is a
plausible result for the population of all putts. We are not convinced there is a true
difference in the number of putts that go in with the new club compared to the old
club.
11-77. Yes. As little as 11.75 ounces is still within specifications.
11-78. The first process is wildly out of control; systems wildly out of control are often caused
by inexperienced operators. The second process is fully in control. The third process is
technically out of control at only one point, but the cyclical nature of the process is
disconcerting. Any explanation that is cyclical over 20 hours is acceptable.
y
11-79. a:
b:
x
x
11-80. a: x =
a+b
c
d: x = 0, c
b: x = ab + ac
c: x = a, b
e: x =
f: x =
a+b
c
11-81. a: x = 26
b: x = 10 or x = 3
11-82. a: x = 1
b: x = 2
1 / 1 = 0.5
4 2
1+1+1+1
9 6 6 4
1 / 25 = 6 =
6 36
25
1
ba
parents
1
3
niece
25
36
69%
24%
1
6
boyfriend
1
2
parents
niece
boyfriend
1
3
1
6
1
2
1
9
1
18
1
6
1
18
1
36
1
12
1
6
1
12
1
4
Lesson 11.3.1
11-87. This is a Gamblers Ruin problem. The player with more coins always has a better
chance of winning in the long run. P(Jill) = 46 67% , P(Jack) = 26 33% .
11-88. a: See possible diagrams at right and answers below.
Event A
Yes
Detection System
Correct
11-89. y =
1
5
Incorrect
correct
incorrect
0.00004
correct
Not Event A
incorrect
11-91. a: 10 + 11i
b: 13
11-92. a:
c: 29
b:
d: a + b
x
11-93. a: 35
b: 123
11-94. a: x = 2 3
b: x = 2
0.03996
d:
0.95904
c:
0.00096
Event A
x + 27
5
11-90. ( 7, 3) , (0, 4)
No
c: x =
2
9
d: x =
1 13
6
or x 0.434 or 0.768
11-95. a: any polynomial with 5 x-intercepts; b: a polynomial graph with 3 x-intercepts and
another bend; c: no x-intercepts, could have two humps; d: 2 x-intercepts and up to
two humps.
Selected Answers
99
Lesson 12.1.1
12-5. a: always
b: never
d: True for x = 4 + 2 n and x =
c: always
12-6. a: (x 2)(x + 2)
5
4
+ 2 n
b: (y 9)(y + 9)
c: (1 x)(1+ x)
12-7. a: 80.86
b: 24.05
c: 15.50
trigonometric ratios, Law of Sines, Law of Cosines, Pythagorean theorem
12-8. The graphs of y = sin(2x) and y = 2sin(x) intersect at integer multiples of . Solving the
equation algebraically yields x = 0 + n.
b: f 1 (x) =
12-9. a: x 2, f (x) 2
(x2)2
2
+2
c: x 2, f 1 (x) 2
y
12 P5
b: 190
c: 35
= 95, 040
b:
d: 405,150
12 C5
= 792
3
2
b: negative
c: positive
d: negative
25
24
5
x+4
12-19. a: x = 9
b: x = 9
12-20. a:
3
5
12-21. a:
5 C2 i 4 C1
12 C3
d:
b:
16
9
2
= 11
5 C3 + 4 C3 + 3 C3
12 C3
3
44
12-22. a: a 3 + 3a 2b + 3ab 2 + b 3
100
c: 140
d: 285
b:
4 C3
12 C3
e:
5 C1i 4 C2
12 C3
1
55
e: 1530
c:
3
22
5 C1i 4 C1i 3 C1
12 C3
f: 1
f:
13
9
3
= 11
Lesson 12.1.2
12-29. a: x = 6 , 56
b: x =
5
6
, 76
c: x = 4 , 34
d: x = 0
12-30. No, 52 and 308 have the same value for the cosine, while 128
has the exact opposite cosine value. See diagram at right.
y
52
128
x
x
360 52
=308
x
x+2
12-34. a: yes
b: x 4 + x 3 + x 2 + x + 1 ; yes
c: x n + x n1 + x n2 ++ x + 1
Recipient
User
Not Using
Drug Test
Correct
Incorrect
correct
0.02277
Drug User
incorrect
0.00023
correct
incorrect
0.98703
0.00977
e: Yes, they are independent because the accuracy of the test stays the same whether or
not a person uses drugs. To test, check whether P(A) P(B) = P(A and B) , for
example, P(drug user) P(test correct) = P(drug user and test correct) .
12-36. a: 0.0253
12-37. a:
24
91
Selected Answers
b:
26 C5
52 C5
b:
20
91
c: 0.000495
d:
13 C5
52 C5
e: 0.0019808
101
12-43. a: 30, 50 or
c: 45, 225
b: 120, 140 or
2
3
, 43
b: no solution
z
12-46. a:
b:
3
2
2
y
Person
b: (0, 2, 3)
Facial ID Software
12-47. a: (4, 8)
12 C5
12-50.
2x 4
Not Suspect
Correct
Incorrect
correct
incorrect
correct
Not a Suspect
incorrect
2x +
0.000004995
0.000000005
b: 0.000999995/(0.000004995 + 0.000999995)
99.5%
12-49.
Suspect
1
x3
0.99899501
0.000999995
7
6
3
4
+ 2 n, 116 + 2 n
b: x = 6 + 2 n, 116 + 2 n
+n
d: x = n
b: shifted left
c: g(x) = f (x)
12-56. a:
5
6
b:
3x+8
2 x2
c:
x 2 +2 x+3
(x+1)(x1)
d:
sin 2 +cos
sin cos
12-57. f (x) = 2(x 1)2 1 ; domain: all real numbers; range: f (x) 1 ;
vertex: (1, 1); line of symmetry: x = 1; See graph at right.
12-58. a: x 1.356
b: x 2.112
c: x 1.792
12-59. a: a 4 + 4a 3b + 6a 2b 2 + 4ab 3 + b 4
Selected Answers
103
Lesson 12.1.4
12-67. a:
a
c
b:
c
b
12-68. a and b: 6 , 56 ,
c:
7
6
c
b
d:
b
a
, 116
1
2
12-70. 9.10
12-71. 1.083, 8.3%
12-72. a: a 3 + b 3
b: x 3 8
c: y 2 + 125
d: x 3 y 3
e: They consist only of two terms; they are sums or differences of cubes.
12-73. a: (x + y)(x 2 xy + y 2 )
b: (x 3)(x 2 + 3x + 9)
10
216
d: (x + 1)(x 2 x + 1)
(x + 6)3 10
12-75. a:
3 C1i10 C3
13 C4
12-76. a:
c
a
360
715
b:
0.503
b:
11
13 C4
a
b
c:
b
a
1
65
= 0.015
d:
c
a
12-77. The solution is equivalent to the solutions of sin(x) = 12 and sin(x) = 0 . 90 + 180n,
210 + 360n, 330 + 360n; or 2 + n, 76 + 2 n, 116 + 2 n
12-78. 2x 2 + 4x 1
12-79. a: x 2 (x + 2y)(x 2 2xy + 4y 2 )
b: (2y 2 5x)(4y 2 + 10xy 2 + 25x 2 )
c: (x + y)(x 2 xy + y 2 )(x y)(x 2 + xy + y 2 )
12-80. Possible equation: y = 18 (x 3)3 + 3
Inverse: y = 3 8(x 3) + 3
12-81. y = 4(0.4) x + 5
12-82. a: 126a 5b 4
b: 1120x 4 y 4
12-83. x 2 6x + 34 = 0
12-84. P(3 or 4 or 5) 0.99
104
Lesson 12.2.1
c: tan( )
b: cos(4w)
12-90.
a: 1
12-91.
12-92.
12-93.
3x 2 x + 2
12-94.
x 3 2x 2 3x + 9
12-95.
1
10!
12-96.
12-97.
a: 18
12-98.
a: p = 44, a = 20
12-99.
12-100.
12-101.
a:
12-102.
a: y 9 =
12-103.
They intersect at
12-104.
a:
12-105.
a: 41.41
12-106.
roots: 0.4 0.8i 6 ; vertex: (0.4, 19.2); f (x) = 5(x + 0.4)2 + 19.2
12-107.
a: (0.9)5 0.59
b: 12
c: 1 + 7i
b: y = 20 cos
b: no solution
d: 14.5
e: x = 0, 7
( 22 (x 15) ) + 3
4
5
sin
cos
b:
315
2
1
sin
(x 2) or y =
1
2(x1)
c:
315
2
x 306
cos
sin
d:
1
cos
b: y = 0.25(6) x
4x
3x 2 +10 x+3
b: 28.30
Selected Answers
105
12-110.
a: 2x 4 x 2 + 3x + 5 = (x 1)(2x 3 + 2x 2 + x + 4) + 9
b: x 5 2x 3 + 1 = (x 3)(x 4 + 3x 3 + 7x 2 + 21x + 63) + 190
3
2
b: x = 3 , 53
c: x = 4 , 54
12-111.
a: x =
12-112.
a: x 69.34
12-113.
a:
12-114.
( 53 , 45 )
12-115.
12-116.
10 P5
d: x =
7
6
, 116
b: x 5.35
= 30, 240
b: 10 i 9 4 = 65, 610
y
106
a:
2 x+1
3x2
b:
x 2 +2 x+4
x(4 x+5)
b: tan + cot =
a: (sin + cos )2 =
sin
cos
cos + sin =
sin 2 +cos2 =
sin cos
1
sin cos = csc
1
sec2
)=
sec
12-120.
12-121.
12-122.
a: x 1.839
12-123.
b: x 1.839
c: x 1.839
5!
0!5!
12-125.
AC = 10 inches
12-126.
Selected Answers
=1
107
Lesson 12.2.3
12-131.
( 3 4 ) = 6 4 2 ; cos 12 = cos ( 3 4 ) =
a: sin ( 3 + 4 ) = 6 +4 2
b: cos ( 34 + 6 ) = cos ( 76 4 ) = 6 +4 2
12-132.
12-130.
= sin
sin 12
2+ 6
4
c: cos x +
) = cos x cos
sin x sin
= sin x
12-134.
sin x + cos x
12-135.
12-136.
a: 2
12-137.
1 2
3 C1 4
108
b: a 2
( ) ( 43 ) = 649 0.141