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Full name: Ho Yeou Shen
Student's ID: 0307929
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TABLE OF CONTENT
NO.
CONTENTS
PAGE
Research Title
1.0 Introduction
3-5
6-10
3.0 Methodology
11-19
20-21
5.0 Summary
Appendices
23-26
References
27-30
22
By
Ho Yeou Shen 0307929
Chua Shiyi 0311831
Poh Tzy Wing 0312389
Chung Shammi 0319286
Carmen Lim Kar Wen 0319205
Ching Shu Ann 0319579
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1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background
Social media is widely used nowadays in this technological era. Young adults hook up with
social media for more than 4 hours daily (Bicen & Cavus, 2011). Facebook is one of the most
prevalent social media as it has approximately millions of active users up to today. Facebook
has been used as a social media platform to like and share posts among friends. It has created
a massive impact in the users lifestyles. Facebook has become a communicative platform for
users to communicate among each other (Hendricks & Noor Al-Deen, 2012). Slowly, it has
become a daily routine to log in to Facebook to check and update their account. In Facebook,
like button is implemented to allow the users to click on the like button for their favorite
posts. Definitely, when users receive likes, it boosts their confidence level as other users
favor their posts. Like button could also be taken as users agreeing to the post. Instagram is
the rank the third most used social media in the States (Salomon, 2013). Instagram allows
users to post photos to their own account. It encourages users to either like or comment on
the pictures uploaded by others. With these two functions, Instagram has aid in the learning
process of students. Similarly, tweets which are retweeted have the effect of sharing the
certain post to other followers. Users retweet certain tweets that they find interesting or
attractive (Huberman, et al., 2008).
On the other hand, if dislike button is implemented, it causes different impression on
users as well. Tertiary education students are the majority users of social media. In YouTube,
flagging is alike to dislike button. Users who are not keen to what they see will flag the video.
Flagging follows up by hateful comment affects users who share the videos emotionally
(Lange, G. 2007). Dislike button has the similar effects as to flagging. This research looks
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into the views of Taylors University Lakeside Campus students on the implementation of
the dislike button in Facebook. Researchers are to find out how dislike button on Facebook
can have an impact on Taylors University Lakeside Campus students. This research
contributes in analyzing situations on how students response with a dislike button on
Facebook.
The dislike button on Facebook is a way on how students express themselves towards a
post uploaded on Facebook. Social media are driven for a positive use and to minimize the
negative side. The main focus of this study is to find out whether the dislike button affects
the emotions of Taylors University Lakeside Campus students. The positive side of the
dislike button is encouraging people to voice out their opinion and thoughts towards a post.
With this button, the students will be more aware in using Facebook to avoid getting the
dislike button from others. This encourages students to use Facebook wisely as compared to
posting up posts which are inappropriate.
However, the dislike button would affect the emotions of the students in Taylors
University Lakeside Campus. This will discourage them to post or share things on social
media. Peer pressure will also influence others to dislike a post even though they do not
know the content of the post. With the dislike button, it slows down the growth of
participants in social media as they will think twice before posting or sharing things on
Facebook. This research is done to get to know how the students response to the dislike
button on Facebook. It is to find out whether they would dislike a post uploaded by people
they know and how would the student feel if their post has dislikes by their peers. The
existing like button in Facebook has given much attention to many of the students in Taylors
University Lakeside Campus. It builds their confidence level when others like their post that
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they share. Thus, this research would want to find out their perception of the dislike button
on Facebook. The following objectives will be the focus of this research:
To examine how the dislike button on Facebook would affect Taylors University
Lakeside Campus students emotions
2. How are the relationships of students Taylors University Lakeside Campus affected by
the dislike button on Facebook?
3. What are Taylors University Lakeside Campus students view and perception on the use
of dislike button?
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Hence, it will affect not just the audience, but the other individuals who are involve in the media
dislike. (287 words)
2.2 Kate, C. and Tarleton.G., 2014.New Media and Society, What is a flag for? Social media
reporting tools and the vocabulary of complaint, Retrieved date: 27 April 2015, Available at:
<http://nms.sagepub.com.ezproxy.taylors.edu.my/content/early/2014/07/15/1461444814543163.f
ull.pdf+html>
This article examines the purposes of flag that appeared at most of the popular social media sites.
Flag is use to report offensive content at social media sites such as YouTube, Twitter and
Facebook. The authors research focuses on the two main general purposes for social media site
operators. First, flag provides a functional mechanism for addressing the challenging task of
regulating such broad and changing collections of content. Secondly, flagging offers a strong
rhetorical legitimation for sites when they decide either to remove or to maintainthe contentious
content, so that they can state to be protecting the rights of their user and expressed their wishes.
Thus, the author provides a strong theoretical perspective on the usefulness of the flagging just
like the usefulness if we implement dislike button on Facebook. It is actually the same function
between flagging and dislike button but dislike button is more straightforward than flagging
because the one who posted the status can actually know who give them the dislike button.
However, the main limitation of the article is this research uses the providers point that appeared
in this research to assume all the people think the same is very inappropriate. This case study
(known as ethnography) was based on observation and document review and the sample size of
this research is six case studies. So, this article is useful for this current research because the
information is up-to-date and from a reliable source and the purpose of this research is also quite
similar to my research topic. (254 words)
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2.3 Gerlitz, C. and Helmond, A.,2013, The like economy: Social buttons and the data-intensive
web. New Media & Society, [online] Retrieved date: 29 April 2015, Available at:
<http://ezproxy.taylors.edu.my/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.taylors.edu.my/lo
gin.aspx?direct=true&db=asx&AN=92520152&site=eds-live&scope=site>
The paper examines the growth of Facebook from a medium-specific platform into the web and
focus on the part of social buttons and their increasing implementation. Besides to investigate
how the multiple processes of interchange are enabled and how Facebook retreat its relation to
the web, they inquire into the specific ecology of the Like economy. They allow the instant
transformation of user engagement into numbers on button counters, which can be traded and
multiplied but also function as tracking devices. Facebooks Like button allow the multiple data
flows between various actors, giving to a concurrent de- and re-centralisation of the web. A click
on the Like button create new forms of connectivity between network and server, transforms
users spontaneous responses to web content into connections. It provides a one-click shortcut to
express a multiplicity of affective responses such as understanding, agreement, excitement,
compassion, but also ironic and parodist liking. This paper focuses on the implementation and
technical substructure of such buttons to conceptualise them as part of a so-called Like
economy. The research came out with a twofold analysis of the Like economy by looking at
data flows and mainly quantitative method. The limitation of the paper is that they did not have
any specific sample groups for experiment or survey, but only collecting comments from
reviewers and also colleagues who helped them on empirical research. This article is useful for
the research topic because it talks about the capacity of the Like button to intensify user
engagement by exposing numbers on the Like counter which could evoke further interactions
between users. (263 word)
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2.4 Tong,S.,et al.,2008, Too Much of a Good Thing? The Relationship Between Number of
Friends and Interpersonal Impressions on Facebook. Journal of Computer-Mediated
Communication, [online] Retrieved date: 29 April 2015Available at:
<http://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=36504919-83ba-46f4-82f6aebeb5a38474%40sessionmgr4004&vid=4&hid=4113>
The article examines the relationship between friends and interpersonal impression on Facebook.
The researchers have conducted thorough investigation on the relationship between the number
of friends a Facebook profile featured and observers ratings of attractiveness and extraversion.
In particular, how individuals can and do form impressions of others through various computermediated-communication sites. Moreover, the article also focuses on how these information
about self on Facebook profile would affect impressions and also how friends wall postings
would affect judgement of profile owners. For instance, the participants would be directed to a
Facebook mock-up, randomly redirect participants to view the stimulus material to form and
impression of the owner of the profile and then address questionnaire items. Finally, the authors
have concluded there is a curvilinear effect between sociometric popularity and social
attractiveness. This results also facilitate that too large of friend connections increases doubts
about Facebook users popularity and attractiveness. The main limitation of the article is that the
survey sample was restricted to 153 undergraduate students. Therefore, this article is useful for
the research topic, as it shows how peoples impression is affected by the popularity of the
Facebook users. Popularity is also determined by the number of likes on users post, so if
Facebook unlike were to be implement, it would affect interpersonal impressions. (214 words)
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2.5 Park, N. & Lee, S.,2014, College Students' Motivations for Facebook Use and
Psychological Outcomes, [online] Retrieved date 20 April 2015, Available at
<http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.taylors.edu.my/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=5b099fcbc35e-4e67-a259-583256feca17%40sessionmgr4004&vid=2&hid=4110>
This article examines the motivations for using Facebook among college students and the
psychological outcome. Facebook has become an essential platform for communication and
human relationships. Thus, the authors research focuses on why and how people use Facebook,
and the way Facebook are influencing individuals and their psychological outcomes. In
particular, these researches are to find out why college students rely upon Facebook for their
communication and relationship maintenance and users psychological consequences by
conducting online survey in a large public university. In this article, the authors claimed that the
Facebook features (eg. Like, comment, poking) will create the desirable image of the self to
others, where users can increase psychological comfort and attain relational goals. However, the
authors also measured that these features will also bring the negative maintenance behaviour in
relationship, where the number of like or the negative comments will cause psychologically
uncomfortable. There are several limitations to this study. First, although this study is based
upon cross-sectional survey, the findings from the path analytic method with causal implications
are not interpreted with some reservations. Second, this research was only conducted in one of
the large university and only one-fifth of students participated the survey questionnaire.
Nonetheless, this research ascertained the psychological impact of Facebook features among
college students and the views of negative comments. Thus, this article is relevant to the current
research as the similar response might also come into sight if Facebook implement the dislike
button. (242 words)
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the respondents are kept confidential. Respondents will be told to answer the questionnaire of
total 15 questions by checking the box which correspond to their most appropriate answer. The
15 questions are divided into 2 part.
The first part of the questionnaire includes 7 items which are about the respondents
demographic background and basic information regarding their use of Facebook. The second
part is about respondents views and perceptions on the implementation of dislike button on
Facebook and how they think the dislike button would affect them. This part has 8 items.
The two parts of the questionnaire are closed-ended questions. Descriptive interpretation and
scale is used in the second part of the questionnaire. Likert scale will be used in interpreting the
responses of the respondents. (Refer to figure 1). A juice redemption voucher will be given upon
completion of the questionnaire.
Scale
Verbal Interpretation
Strongly agree
Agree
Disagree
Strongly disagree
Figure 1: Likert scale
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research will be; (i) he or she must be a student at Taylors University, (ii) he or she must possess
a Facebook account and actively used, (iii) he or she must have at least a close-friend, have a
partner (couple) and have family member that are using Facebook. The criteria remains focused
on collecting data to ensure that current research questions can be answered based on their own
experiences.
3.2.2 Survey
As a large number of respondents is not needed for the current research, but not randomly picked.
In order to obtain equal amount of respondents answers from evert strata, a probability
sampling- stratified samples is used. Stratified sampling focuses on the breadth of information
generated and produces a smaller error of estimation. Besides, the result may be particularly true
if the measurements within strata are very homogenous.
The targeted population for the current research is students from Taylors University Lakeside
Campus. The study focused particularly to 10% of the total population, which is 1300 students.
Stratified sampling is to divide the whole population into non-overlapping subgroups and the
size of the sample is taken in proportion to the size of each subgroups. The researchers will
define the strata from population which will be based on different faculties from Taylors
University Lakeside Campus. There are total of 15 faculties in Taylors University Lakeside
Campus which include:
1. Taylors Business School
2. Taylors Law School
3. The Design School
4. School of Engineering
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5. School of Communication
6. School of Biosciences
7. School of Computing and IT
8. School of Pharmacy
9. School of Architecture, Building, Design
10. School of Medicine
11. School of Hospitality, Tourism and Culinary Arts
12. Centre for Languages
13. School of Liberal Arts & Sciences
14. School of Education
15. American Degree Transfer Program
Hence, 87 students from each school will be needed for the survey.
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each interview will be sought from each respondent. The non-verbal communication of
respondents will be observed, where field notes will be recorded throughout the interview.
Transcription of the interview will be emailed back to the respondent for verification.
Participants are needed to read and sign the consent form that is given by the researchers.
3.3.2 Survey
Since the respondents will be all from different faculties, researchers will approach to the
lecturer before conducting the study. It will be during weekdays, from Monday to Friday, and
during the lecture time, from 2pm to 6pm. After getting approval from the lecturers, researchers
will then conduct the survey in the lecture theatre by informing them about the purpose of the
study distributing the questionnaire to 86 students in the class. Respondents will be given ample
time to answer the questionnaire to ensure the reliability of data.
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Data collection
Data Reduction
Data Display
The process of analysing data will involve the coding approaches. Coding is to keep the
researchers grounded in the data and used in conjunction with the research questions. In data
collection, the interview that is recorded in video and audio are transcribe. Every word recorded
is transcribed fully into a table form. The themes and field notes are also included in the
transcription. The themes are identified based on the analysation of the transcription. From the
video, the gesture and body language are also stated in the transcription. The discussion of the
research is done based on the themes identified from the transcription. It is expected that dislike
button in Facebook has an impact in affecting relationships and emotions between family and
friends. All the data collected from respondents is analyse through the patterns of the themes
occurring.
3.4.2 Survey
After the respondents have completed the questionnaire, researchers will retrieve the
questionnaires and tally the data gathered. The data collected are expected to relate to the
research questions which are based on their level of acceptance on the use of Facebook dislike
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buttons, impacts on personal emotions if their posts were disliked by their acquaintances and
whether they agree that dislike buttons would affect the relationship between family and friends.
The process of data analysing will involve estimating population parameters and standard errors
by using the correct formulas. Data will be presented in tables and charts.
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precisely which will limit the research. There might be interviewer bias. Questions asked might
mislead respondents to negativity. Social desirability effect might occur in in-depth interview.
Respondents might provide opinions or views that researcher wants to obtain. There is a
possibility of respondents providing redundant information that affects the accuracy of research.
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5.0 Summary
Although the dislike button has not been launched or implemented by Facebook, but the
suggestion of the dislike button is technically possible. The function of dislike is actually an
existing function on YouTube. Also, the function of Dislike is a similar function of Like
button existing in Facebook platform. Thence, it should not be a new innovation of technology to
implement the function and no much technical problems would be met, which shows the origins
of the proposed research are highly practical in reality.
The proposed study aims to make a substantial and contribution to the view about
Facebook dislike button. It is a comprehensive research that not only the situation analysis can be
conducted, but also students response and perception on social urging new function of Dislike
can be collected. Through the opinions, it will be helpful for the Facebook Company or other
social networking company on what types of communication function can be implement among
the popularity and what types of communication methods are not suitable to be launched. While
the mere fact that the proposed study is being undertaken belies a personal belief towards the
implementation of dislike button on Facebook, where the collected data will determine whether it
is beneficial for the public or it is detrimental. In addition, the study aims to further understand
the assumption of relation impacts such as friendship, kinship and couples if Facebook
implement the dislike button, where this investigation is able to create self-awareness for their
anger management or emotional control and apply critical thinking before the click of dislike
button.
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Appendices
1.1Semi-structured questions
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1.2Questionnaire
The topic of this research is the views of Taylors University Lakeside Campus students on
implementation of the dislike button on Facebook. Please take a few minutes to fill out this
survey questions and share your ideas. All responses will be entirely anonymous.
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Questions 8 to 15 require to read the scale. Please tick the column that correspondent with
your level of agreement on the following questions.
Agree
o
Strongly
Agree
o
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%20social%20media%20adding%20dislike%20button&source=bl&ots=Cf5Qiwzrny&sig=uzx7
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21. Tong,S.,et al. (2008), Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. Too Much of a Good
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[Accessed 29 April 2015]
22. Will Oremus. (2014) You Cant Dislike This Article. [online] Available at: <
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1. HO YEOU SHEN
2. CHUNG SHAMMI
3. CHUA SHIYI
2.0
Lifelong Learning
3.0
4.0
Communication Skills
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1.0 Identify the basic phases of research
2.0 Design a complete proposal for a research study
3.0 Summarise scholarly peer-reviewed research by identifying its approach, methods, literature review and
discussion components
4.0 Show basic research skills using both quantitative and qualitative methods.
8.0 Write a complete research report succinctly and in appropriate academic language.
LO
TGC
Remarks
Grade
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2. Research
Demonstration of understanding of
underlying issues in communication and
media studies
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5.0,
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3. Annotated Bibliographies
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5. Research Instrument
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SUMMARY COMMENTS
TOTAL MARKS:
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PERCENTAGE:
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DATE:
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8.0
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