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Objective
FDD
..
Frequency band 1 ..
..
Frequency band 2 ..
TDD
..
Single frequency
band
Downlink
..
Uplink
Cell Search
(Frame synchronisation
+ Physical Cell id group (1..168) )
3. DL Reference Signals
UE
Find Cell
Physical layer
cell identity
(1 out of 504)
Cell IDs
0
2 0
167
1ms Subframe
10
SSS
PSS
Normal CP
Extended CP
PSS and SSS frame and slot structure in time domain in the
FDD case
PSS and SSS are transmitted in the last and the second last
symbol of slot 0 and slot 10 respectively
1ms Subframe
10
SSS
PSS
Normal CP
Extended CP
PSS and SSS frame and slot structure in time domain in the
TDD case
PSS is transmitted on 3rd symbol of slot 2 and slot 12
SSS is transmitted on last symbol of slot 1 and slot 11
Zadoff Chu
Sequences are
based on CAZAC =
Constant Amplitude
Zero AutoCorrelation
sequences
3 different PSS
sequences
Length 63 Zadoff-Chu
corresponding to 3
Sequence
different cell IDs.
They could be generated
by using a different root
ZCM(0) ZCM(1) ZCM(62)
sequence M for the
Five zeros
Five zeros
Zadoff-Sequences
0 0
0 0
OFDM Modulator
62 subcarriers (d.c. not included)
Cell ID
0
1
2
Root index
(M)
25
29
34
3GPP TS 36.211
eNod
eB
UE
a30 b0 b1
b30
0
OFDM Modulator
62 subcarriers (d.c. not included)
SSS0 in
subframe 0
SSS1 in
subframe 5
72 subcarriers (d.c. not included)
5 ms repetition
period
Frequency
PSS and SSS Frame in Frequency and Time Domain for FDD Case
Time
10 ms Radio frame
SSS
PSS
Reference signals
Unused RE
DL Reference Signals
Used for:
1)
2)
1)
2)
3)
Frequency
DL Reference Signals
First slot
Second slot
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
In Frequency: 1 reference symbol to
every 6th subcarrier
Reference signal
Time
Frequency
Shift = 0
Shift = 1
Shift = 5
Time
Reference signal
Antenna port 0
Reference signal
Antenna port 1
Unused symbol
DL system Bandwidth
PHICH configuration (PHICH group number)
System frame number SFN
PBCH Mapping
SSS
PSS
Reference signals
Unused RE
PBCH
Frequency
Slot
1
Slot
0
Time
72 subcarriers
PCFICH
PCFICH Structure
Rate 1/16
block code
32 bits
32 bits
Scrambling
QPSK
modulation
16
symbols
4
D.C.
One Resource
Element Group
(REG) = 4 RE
72 subcarriers
2 bits
Time
12 subcarriers
Frequency
Time
Control region 1 OFDM symbol
Control region
3 OFDM symbols
Indicated by PCFICH
PDCCH Design
The DCI may have different size (depending on the information e.g. scheduling or power
control command different formats possible)
The number of bits for one PDCCH may change based on channel conditions:
UE at cell edge more bits per PDCCH
UE close to BTS less bits per PDCCH
Frequency
PDCCH region
1,2,3 OFDM symbols
in the beginning
of the subframe
not allocated by PCFICH,
PHICH
Slot No.
10
11
12 13 14
Time
PDCCH Size
Allocation for UE 1
PCFICH
PHICH
PDCCH
UE 1
Frequency
Allocation for UE 2
Time
REG = Resource Elements Groups
RE = Resource Elements
UE 2
UE
eNodeB
SSS
PSS
Subframe 2
Subframe 1
Subframe 4 ..
Subframe 3
Frequency
Subframe 0
PBCH
PCFICH
PHICH
PDCCH
Reference signals
PDSCH UE1
PDSCH UE2
Slot No.
Time
System Information
System Information ( )
MIB
Sent on PBCH!
40 ms repetition
UE
eNodeB
SIB 1
Fixed repetion 80 ms
Indicates the allocation of the other
SIBs 2...11
SIB 2
SIB 3
SIB 4
SIB 11
System Information
SIB 1
- Cell access related information (PLMN, cell identity, Tracking Area code etc.)
- Information for cell selection
- TDD configuration
- Information about time-domain scheduling of the remaining SIBs
SIB 2
SIB 3
SIB 4
SIB 5
SIB 6
SIB 7
SIB 8
SIB 9
SIB 10
SIB 11
DL Transmission
Process description:
The eNodeB is broadcasting the Reference Signals (like CPICH in UMTS)
The UE is performing measurements on Reference Signals
Based on the measurements the UE is generating the CQI
DL Transmission
UE
eNodeB
DL Transmission
1. DL Reference signals
2. PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel (or PUSCH)
UE
PHICH Structure
Repetition coding
Walsh
spreading
+1 -1 +1 -1
+1 -1 +1 -1
D.C.
+1 -1 +1 -1
Random access procedure handled by MAC and PHY Layer through PRACH (in UL) and
PDCCH ( in DL)
RACH only carries the preambles and occupies 6 resource blocks in a subframe
Initial Access
1. PRACH Preamble
UE
Other
users
CP
Preamble
Other users
Observation interval
UE at the
Cell edge
Other
users
CP = Cyclic Prefix
CP
Preamble
Other users
1 ms
CELL RANGE
800 s
Format 0
C
P
100 s
14 Km
G
T
Preamble
2 ms
684 s
Format 1
CP
800 s
520 s
Preamble
GT
77 Km
2 ms
203 s
Format 2
1600 s
Preamble
CP
200s
Preamble
29 Km
GT
3 ms
684 s
Format 3
CP
1600 s
Preamble
720 s
Preamble
GT
100 Km
PRACH Formats
Four Random Access (RA) preamble formats are defined for Frequency Division Duplex
(FDD) operation.
Each format is defined by the durations of the sequence and its Cyclic Prefix CP
Preamble Format
TCP (s)
TSEQ (s)
Typical usage
103.13
800
684.38
800
203.13
1600
684.38
1600
MobileComm
Professionals, Inc.
Multiplexing of PRACH with PUSCH and
PUCCH
PRACH slot
Duration( e.g. 1ms)
Total UL Bandwidth
PUCCH
PRACH
PRACH
bandwidth
(1.08MHz)
PRACH
PUSCH
PUCCH
Time
UL PRACH is orthogonal with the data in PUCCH and PUSCH (reserved resources)
Total UL Bandwith
PUSCH
12 subcarriers
Frequency
PUCCH
PUCCH
1 subframe = 1ms
Time
PUCCH Formats
1a
1b
QPSK
ACK/ NACK
QPSK
20
CQI
2a
QPSK+BPSK
21
2b
QPSK+BPSK
22
PUCCH
format
1
UE
eNodeB
Demodulation
Reference
Signals
Sounding
Reference
Signals
UE
eNodeB
MobileCommDRS
Professionals, Inc.
Design of Demodulation Reference Signals
Position of DRS
Time domain:
For PUCCH: the number and the exact position of the DRS is dependent on the format (1/1a/1b
or 2/2a/2b) used
For PUSCH: every 4th symbol in every time
slot (the 3rd symbol for the extended cyclic
prefix)
Frequency domain:
DRS has the same bandwidth like
the UL transmission of the terminal
PUSCH
12 subcarriers
Frequency
Total UL Bandwith
PUCCH
PUCCH
1 subframe = 1ms
Time
ACK
ACK
DRS
DRS
DRS
ACK
ACK
ACK
ACK
DRS
DRS
DRS
ACK
ACK
CQI
DRS
CQI
CQI
CQI
DRS
CQI
CQI
DRS
CQI
CQI
CQI
DRS
CQI
ACK = Acknowledgment
CQI = Channel Quality Indicator
DRS = Demodulation Reference Signals
Intra-Cell Interference
eNodeB
UE1
UE3
UE2
Solution ?
timing advance
UE
eNodeB
Subframe 0
Slot 1
PUSCH
Slot 2
DM RS
36 Subcarriers
SRS
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Normal CP
UL Transmission
eNodeB
UE
HARQ Procedure
HAPPY LEARNING
MobileComm Professionals, Inc.
www.mcpsinc.com