BLiR R @sV%sLis [%s`sV %ss y*y A [aRP xmsNRPV xmsLjiRRVLi

[aSLRiV. [%s` Rs @RVR\sVs xqsLi[aSs xmsNRPV C %sRLigS xmsRV.

""s[sV %sRVyLiNRPV ss RLS*R y[ aSLkiLRiNRPLigS sWszqsNRPLigS y
sWLRiVyLiVV. INRPmx sNRPLi[ BxmsVRV mx sLjimx spLRiQ\sVs sQQNTPsRWsV. y %sRLi[
yNRPV FsRV\lLis RVLRis, yNRPV NRPgjis s[Rs y*LS gRisLiRVRV yN][ |msR xqsRVLi [aSRV.
C s[Rss[ s[sV sVsVxtsvNRPV RgRiLRiRWsV. y %sRLi[s %suyRLi][ FLSTs s[sV
BRLRiVNRPV xqsWQQLji NRPgjiLi[ @sNSaSs gRisLiRVRV C GNTP=Li y*LS yNRPV
NRPgjiLiyRV''
[%s` sWNRPV xmsV AaRPLRiFRWLRiV. @Rs RWzqs FsLiRgS[ xqsWQQLji
F~LiyLRiV. [%s`NRPV ss NRPxtsQLi RsV zmsNRPV LSNRPWRRs Fss\lLiy @sVNRPVLiLRiV. @LiR
%suyRLi @Rs RVsVVy [soRV @Rs NRPxtsQs y mx nssLiRLigS, FsLi][ %sV\ssjgS
sWLSRV.
..... @k NRPR.
@ds xqsNRPsVLigS LRiVgRiVRW, AsLiRLigS soLi[yNRPV JyLRiV @sxqsLRiLi soLiRRV.
INRP sQQNTP sLSaS sxqsQXx][ FLS[xmsVRV AR%saS*rysNTP RgjisxmsVRV,
ARsWsy sLi s[jLi[xmsVRV, @xmsRWV FsRV\lLismx sVRV sWRs[V JyLRiV,
Fy=xLi @sxqsLRiLi @soyLiVV.
sVVLigS zmsV aSLkiLRiNRPLigS, ALjiNRPLigS, sWszqsNRPLigS RRLiRV %dsVR AyLRixmsT
soLiLRiV. NS y RgRiLRisVLiT Fy=ds, JyLRiVs N][LRiVNRPVLiLRiV. @LiRVs
sVs zmsNTP G qx ssVxqs sy, ysV JyLji, y NRPxtsQs[V y sVLi sQQNTPy*sNTP
xmsoyj! @s[ %sxtsQRWs VRW, y sLSRNRPLigS A[Li[ [}qs RR
RRLiRV[.
IZNP[ %dsj[ soLi[ BRLRiV zms[ INRPLRiV G.zqs NSLRiV[ sRVLi[ s[L]NRPLRiV FsLiR[
sT sLiRsRV. FsLiR[ sT s[ysV FsLiR @LiRgS R |msRV. @[ G.zqs.
NSLRiV[ s[yTNTP FsLiR[ sRsRsVLi[ RWRsgS @szmsxqsVLij. aRPLkiLRi\sVy, sVs\|qsy
NRPuysNTP @yV xmsRLi Ljigji[ A NRPxtsQLi @LiRgS jLiRRV. sLigS NRPxtsQxmsR sQQNTPNTP
FsRV sQQNTP NRPuys @LiR Li[qx sVN][giR lgi[ aRPNTP soLiVLij.
"ANRP' @Li[ G%sV[ zqssyNRPV sVL][ sQQNTP ANRP @LRisVsoRVLij.
GNTP=Li[ gS V Rgjis sQQNTP, @[ xmsLjizqs BLiN]NRPLjiNTP FsRV\lLi[ A R @LRiLi
[qx sVN][gRiVgRiVyRV. INRP ss LSzqss LRiRLiVVRNRPV sVL][ sQQNTP LRiRs [qx sVLi[ A NRPxtsQLi
FsLi][ @LRiLi [xqsVN][gRiVgRiVyRV.

@[ LSRVNRPVLiy sVgRiVLji][ yVgRiVLS LRiVs[*yNRPV A R, NRPXztsQ Fs @LRiLi

@soyLiVV? @LiRVs Fss\lLi[ NRPxtsQxmsRyL][ yNRPV FsRVy R, RV:Li @LRiLi
@soyLiVV.
NRPxtsQxmsRLi s sVL][ Li soLij. sVs @sVsLi @xLiNSLSs Rgjiqx sVLij.
%ssRWs, ssVRsV |msLiRVRVLij. @LiRVs BRLRiVNRPV xqsRVLi [}qs gRiVLi
@sRVRVLij. sVWRV LRiNS @LigRi\sNRP][ RxmsR |s ZNPL`i ysV xmspLjigS
sxqs=RVVLSss jgRiVVxmsRNRPVLiy, RsgS @LigRi\sNRPLi][ Rxms[yNRPV
}qss[RVRLi @s[j sVs sWssR*LiQ\sxmso, }qsygRiVLi\sxmso, }qsygRiVLi\sxmso sTzms[
@LiRNRPLi[ NSszqss[sVVLij?
sRsLi[s[ NRPxtsQxmsR y[ sWszqsNRP\sVs FsRVgRiVR FsNRPVsgS soLiVLij.
T[, NS[[ sVsLi Rjs[ @ORPQLSNRPy @sVy[ sVsztsQ[ ys NRPgjiryLiVV.
sVLids, RVsW %sZaP[ztsQLiRgRilgi[ gRiVLi, xqsxsLi INRPLji%dsVR AyLRixmsRNRPVLiy Rs xqs*aRPNTP][
RNRPRLi c Bsds NRPxtsQxmsRRLi s[ @sRyLiVV.
sysNTP LiT[s FsLiRL][ RVVsNRPVV FsLi][ NRPxtsQxmsT FyLjiaS%sVNRPs[RV @LiVV[
@LiRV[ AaRPLRisVV [RV. BLiR @sXjNTP NSLRiLi ZNP[sLi NRPxtsQxmsRs[V.
NRPxtsQLi FsRV\lLismx sVRV sVsVxtsv[ HNRPsVRLi |msLRiVgRiVRVLij. g][ysLjiNTP
sLRiRsxmsVRV sVVLixmsosNRPV gRiVLRi[V FyLiy[ sos yLRiV @s [yV, V
sVLRiFLiVV INRPsoyLRiV.
RVV, NRPVV, [*uyV yyNRPLigS\sy sbPryLiVV. AxmsR[ AdRVRV
ARLRiV |msLRiVgRiVyLiVV. |msR ysW %sss zmsV NRPWy RsVNRPV Rgjismx soRV,
*LRiLi ssxmsV][ VjgS, }mssVgS soLiLRiV.
sVsLi J %sxtsQRVLi xmsNRPLi soLiRVN][y. zmsV aSLkiLRiNRP, sWszqsNRP qx ssVxqs][
RxmsRVRVLi[ sVsLi FsLi][ JLRiVgS, s[LRiVgS ssxLjiLiRszqs soLiVLij. qx ssVxqss
zms[ sWszqsNRP %sNSxqsLi Rmx sNRPVLiy sqx sVLij.
NSds, A sWLRiV ORPQ[ sVsNRPV NRPsys sVsLi @sVNRPVLi[ @j F~LRiFyV. INRP
NSRV mx sLiRVgS sWlLi[LiRVNRPV N]LiR ssj dxqsVNRPVsQ[ NRPuysV FsRVL]syLji[ sWszqsNRP
mx sLjimx sNRP*R s[LiRVNRPV N]LiR qx ssVRVLi mx sRVRVLij. A %sxtsQRVLi sVsLi sVLRiFNRPWRRV.
zmsNRPV G %sxtsQRVLi[\sy sVsLi xqs Bs*RRVNRPVLi[ sVVLiRV sVs sVsLi
xqsLjijRVN][y=s @sxqsLRiLi FsLi\y soLij. zmsNRPV Azqs, @LiRxqsV, NSLRiV, sgRiV Bs*gRilgi[
RRLiRVV FsLiRL][ soLiLRiV. NSds, yNRPV sWszqsNRP %sNSrys, sVLi sQQNTPy*s
Bs*gRilgi[ RRLiRVV N]LiRlLi[ soLiLRiV.

zmsV G %sxtsQRVsVV[\sy J%sV FsRVL]sxmsVRV, A %sxtsQRVLi[ yNRPV

JyLRiVsxqsW A J%sVs s\sVs %sRWsNTP rFyssVs[ %sxtsQRWs yNRPV
@LiR sV[V xmsgRigS. J%sVs NRPgjis xmsLSRWs xmsVRgS sWRVN]s[ aRPNTP
sVsLi zmsNTP By*.
ILizmsN`P=[ A[LiRVNRPV, sVs[aPR N][qx sLi sLigS Rmx ss mx s[yRV LS, mx sgRiV
NRPxtsQxmsT Rs AsV FyNUPqs [}qsyT[ sLiVVd NRPszmsxqsVLij. @ NSNRPVLiy xmsVR*Li
LRiV][ %s[aSV RWys, NS}qsxmso yLRi[ Rs }msLRiV %ssys N][LRiVNRPVLiW FyNUPqs
[}qsyT[ RaRPVj GsVVLiVLij? sVsLi ATy, ARNRPFLiVVy sVs RVV sVsNTP
sryLiVV @s[ ksW][ sVs BLiTRVs NTPZNP Li LSLiRNRPVLiy soLij. FyNTPrys
AgS[ @Li sLRiORPQQLiNRPy sLiVVd FsNRPVs NRPszmsxqsVLij.
A[lgi[ %sRLi[ NRPWy lgiVxmsp, J%dsV soLiLiVV. lgisxmsoRV, @sVNRPVs%s
@sVNRPVsV Ljigjismx soRV @LiRLRiW sso*yLRiV. @[ @xmsxqssLigS LjigjisxmsoRV sLSaRPxmsR
y[ FsNRPVs. BLi ysV sVsLi soLi[ mx sLjiqx sLSV sVLjiLiR xms%sRLi [ryLiVV.
G\y xmsLkiORPQ[ |mnsLiVVLiVVs zmsyTs "sVso* y NRPRVxmsos Rxmsoso' @s T[, A
zmsT sLSaRP FsNRPVQ\s AR xR [xqsVNRPVy AaRPLRiLi [RV.
@[ @LRiLi [xqsVN]s RRLiRVV ""sVso* %sRNRPVs yT%s NSso. CryLji sVLjiLiR
NRPxtsQxmsT LS}qs, BLiNS sVLi sWLRiVryLiVV'' @s FR=z}qs c @Rs[ INRP g]xms sQQNTP
@soyRV.

zmss |msLi[ %sy yV c LRiNSV :

INRP sVsztsQ xqsxysNTP DsRryLiVV xmsLkiORPQ GRLiVVy soLiRLi[ @j "zmssV
|msLiRRLi' @RV. Rd, RLiU mx so][y=xLi][ mx sLRisbPLiyNRP, A sVgRiR sVLiT
RVxmsyNRP J |msR xmsaSQLiR NRPLi y sVsxqsV sVVLigji sVxqsVLij. @j "zmss Fs
|msLiy?' @s[ xmsaRP.
C xmsaRP @LiRLRiW s[xqsVN][LRiV. ryyLRiLigS zmsV xmsoRLi @s[j FsLiR L]sgS
LjigjiFRVLi][, y |msLRigRiRLi NRPWy @Li[ L]sgS LjigjiFRVLij. C %sxtsQRVLi[
As[aS FyysR Rxms, A[Rs FyysR soLiRRV.
BLiNTP |msRgS sos RLiT Rs BuycBuyNRPV RgRiV @LiRLRiW xmssLjiLiys
N][LiR VNRPVLiLRiV. Rs @LRiVRVV, @yV y g]xmsss @sVNRPVLiRV, ssVVyRV.
Rs LRiORPQ[ |msLRiVgRiVRVs zmsV Rslgi[ A[Liys A[bPLiyRLi LRiVgRiVRVLij.

BLiRsLRiNRPW gSs[ soLij.

s[ NRP A RLiT @LRiVRVW, @yV A[RsW FsLi%s? @s xmsaRP
RgRilLi[ DRsLi @soRVLij. RLiT ygRiV[\ A xmsLiy[s[ zmss |msLiy @sVNRPVLi[
BV sLRiNRPsRVLij. @ NSNRPVLiy A RLiTNTP DsR\ sVs sQQNTP R *Li soLiT, sVLi
@yV soLi[ A BLi mx sLjizqs sVL][ soLiVLij.
ZNP[sLi RLiT xmssLRis gRiVLi[ y! @sNRPLiT. R xmssLRis, sQQNTPR*Li NRPWy
zms%dsVR FsLi][ xmsys RWzmsxqsVLij. @LiRVZNP[ INRP BLi[ zmsV xqsNRPsVLigS |msLRigSLi[
RRLiRVRLRiW qx ssWs RR szLiy. y mx sLRiqx sLRiLi slLi[NRP RXyLiVV[
zmsV y RxmsRyLRiV.
xms sQQNTP sQQNTPy*sNTP, qx s*ysNTP xsVVVLiLiVV. sVs xmssLRis INRPLji][
IN]%sRLigS soLiVLij. FsRV sQQNTPNTP RgRiV sVs xmssLRis sWLRiVRVLij. IZNP[ sQQNTP Rs\|ms
@jNSLji][ JgRi, ry D][gRixqsV][ INRPgRi, Rs %sVRV][ J %sRLigS,
RRLiRV][sW, LRi][sW sVL][ %sRLigS xmssLjiryRV.
zms %sxtsQRWsNTP s[xqsLjiNTP s[lLi[gS F~LiRs [NRPVLiy xmssLjiLiRsRV. C %sxtsQRVLi
zmsNTP @LRiLi NSRV. NRPsVZNP[ @LiRLji][ gSsoLi[ RsV RLiT, RsV %sxtsQRVLi[s[ NRPLRiaRPLigS
soyRsVNRPVLiLRiV.
xms BLi[sV RRLiRV sQQNTPR*Li mx s yLji xmssLRiss GLRi[ yysLRisVG
zms[s sQQNTPy*sNTP sVWNSLRiLi @soRVLij. BLi[ yysLRiLi[ RVLi, NRPh][LRiR*Li
sLiT soLi[ zmsV @Ry sLi][ NRPVLigjiFyLRiV. N]s LiVV[ ARLi,
}qsxxmspLjiR\sVs yysLRiLi soLiVLij. @VsLi xmsLjixqsLS[ |msLjilgi[ zmsV
\LRixqsVVgS, AaSsoVgS RRWLRisoyLRiV.
RRLiRV xmssLRis[s [FyV @Li[ A xqsV[NTP y sryLiVV. yLRiV mx spLjigS
NRPYLRiV[, LSORPQxqsV[ NSNRPFsRV. NSds, N]s RVLRiyV NRPWy LiVVLi yysLRis
FyRV[ryLiVV. RVLRiyLi[ ZNP[sLi ygRiLi, lLi[xqsV ZNPRLi, }msNSRLi sWRs[V NSRV.
{sRNRPV R\sVs xqs*LRiWxmsLi @LiW soLiRRV.
@yVNRPW, RVLRiyVNRPW sVR [ xqsLjixRV VxmsVRW soLiVLij. A xRV
y[ sVLi NRPWy RVgS sWLRiVRVLij. LiR LSNTP Lik BryLRiV. soLij NRPy
@s ygRiV[RVV NSNRPWRRV NRPy. @lgi[ G\y xqslLi[ [ @yV %sV%dsVLji[ @j
RVLRiyV @soRVLij.
xms sVsztsQ aRPLkiLSsNTP %s%sVsV VLi][ @sxqsLRiLi. @gRis sWyRVNRPV %sVLi sVd
%s%sVs sWRV %sVLigji[ RVs L][gRiLi sVs xms {msTxqsVLij. xmsaSLiRRsV, sRsW

NRPgjiLi[ "NSLiF' sWRV INRP RVV sVVxmsLiVV dxqsVNRPVLi[ sVsztsQ sVd sR[sRV.
G][ xqsLRiygS }msNS ARVNRPVLi[ AsLiyds \ LiFyqsds NRPgjixqsVLij. y[ sRLi
ARLjiLi, BLi[ sxqsVsosW, BLids yNRPV |msT[ N]Lixms sVVsVgRiVRVLij. B V[
%sxtsQRWV [ xRVy[ RVgS xmsLji%sVryLiVV.
@LiVV Fss\lLiy @sWLiVVs RWzqs ""%dsVLRiV y @LiRLigS soyLRis,
rLiRLSsNTP xmsdNRPds, sVsVRLjiR[s sLRiWjsNUP %dsVNRPW gS FNRPVyRVds'' F~gjiT[,
G sWRLi |qss= sos @sWQ\Vy, "G%sV NRPR?' @s sVsqx sV[ @sVN]LiVLij.
"ygji[ ylgi[RV[' @s xmsLiRVN][NRPVLiy sFRVLij. A xRV y LiVV
xmsVN][sRLi Li%s sVVRV|msT[ yLjiLigRiVW, LixmsW VRVL_yLiVV. sVVRVgS
sWRVRVs szms @jNRPxmsxqsLigRiLi [xqsW |msRy NRPVLRiV FyLRisVN][LiT, sVsNRPV
LSNRPVs[qx sVLij. G %sxtsQRWs\ZNPy [ "%sV' soLiVLij.
sVs[s sVLi @y[ aRPV %sVLi[ {sRVgS sWLjiFyLiVV. %dsV A%sR
BLis aRPVLigS soLiRVRVLiRs, %dsVLRiV y xqsLi][ztsQxqsW soLiLRiV. A gRiVLi %dsVNRPV
FsLiRgS[ sRVRVLij. NSds, A aRPVR @gS sWLji INRP sxqssLi BLRi\s yVgRiLiW
LiVVLi aRPVRZNP[ FyysRs}qs gRiVLiRRV.
@lgi[ zmssV "@' aRPVR][ |msLiRVRW FsxmsVRW ZNP[NRPVs[xqsVLi[ %dsV xqsLi][xtsQLi
A%s\lLiFLiVV %sxqsVgRiV, LSNRPV ][V [xqsVNRPVLiLiVV.
%dsVLRiV G xmssLiVVy xmsVRgS [ryLRiV. [ sLRiRVLi dxqsVNRPVLi[ LRiVgRiVLiRsLiR
RXR\sVs sQQNTPR*Li @sVN][LiT. @j sVLi[. NSds C @yV sWyRV FsNRPVsLiVV[
@j sVVLiTRsLi, sVLiNRPVxmsV @soRVLij.
C %sRLigS sVLi ORPQV %sV%dsVLji[ RV ORPQVgS sWLSLiVV.
zmss |msLi[ |msR sVsxqsy*V Fss LRiNS[ sVsLi VxqsVNRPVLi[, G LRiNRPLi
sNRPVV zms][ V ssxLjiryL][, %ds[ G %sysLi sVLi][, FssLji xmssLRis[
[FyVyW, Fs qx ssLjiLiRVN][s[ VxqsVLij. Bs LRiNS xmssLRis[ |msRLiVVs
sVsLi G sLSsNTP Lijs y sW sLiVVdgS xmsbPLiRVNRPVs, VxqsVN]s, A [FysV
qx ssLjiLiRVNRPVLi[s[ xqsRRLi soLiVLij.

@y RVLic2

@ iLi R LRi iLi gRi sV R s iLi

zms @LiRLRiLigRiLi[ GsVVLi][ VxqsVN][sRLi y xqsVLi. NSds sVsLi [}qsR

@ VxqsVN][sysNTP NSszqss xmsRVyV RVNRPFsRs[V ys N]LiLi Li][,

VgjiLi][ [NRPF[ y][ xqsLji\Vs NRPsVWsZNP[xtsQs GLRiLRiVRVNRPV[ N]LiR sWRgRigji[

y RsV sVsxqsV[ yV, |msRyNRPy NTPRVL`igS sLRiVxtsQLigS xmsgRiVgRiVyLRiV.
IN]ryLji y yV %sLiW soLi[ sVsZNP[ AaRPLRiLi NRPVgRiVRVLij.
saRPRVLigS INRP slLi[xtsQs NRPy sVL]NRP slLi[xtsQs[ %s [V, HNRPW @LRiLi
[xqsVNRPVs[ aRPNTP |msLRiVgRiVyLiVV. s\ xqsLisR=LS NTPRLi xms][ RLRigRi Rjs[ NRPVLSTNTP
NRPLi[ NRPWTNRPV, dzqss[RV, gRiLSV, NSsVV c RWLRisVV, sU V, aSyV s\lgiLS
sWRs[V.
NSds BxmsVRV mx s][ RLRigRi y Ad, NRPLixmspLRiV=, g][sV, ryzqsN`P=,
gRiL`iRsV= sLRiNRPW NRPWy RRsszqssrLij. C %sRsVRV qx sLiNTPQxtsQR sVsVxtsv[
|msLjilgi[N]k zmsNTP, |msRNTP "gSms' |msLjigjiF][Lij. "|msRV RsVNRPy \ssy NSRV'
@s[ sLi NRPWy s zms[ gS |msLRiVgRiV][Lij. @sNRPy sVVLigS "|msRV
RsVs @LRiLi [xqsVN][sRLi [RV' @s zmnsLSRV NRPWy y sVLi FsNRPVssoRVLij. ss[V,
|msRyxmsVRW zmss @LRiLi [xqsVN][LRiV.
@ @LRiLi [xqsVN][sRLi RsV g_LRiysNTP LigRiLigS |msRV {mnssoRVLiLRiV. N]s
L][ NTPRLi s[NRP %sVRVT BLiNTP TsL`iNTP sRLi xqsLi %sLiLij.