Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
00320
2010
8.4 m PD = 22 tf
PL = 35 tf 1(a)Es = 2040 tf/cm2
10 30
A70936 Fy = 2.52 tf/cm2 1(b)
v = 0.9kv = 5.0
PD
PD
PL
PL
tf
:
BH HBtwtf
: mm
tw
3@2.8 = 8.4 m
B
1(a)
Fy = 2.52 tf/cm2 ,
Cb = 1.0
235
BH 8204001625 (254 kg/m)
(tf-m)
230
227
2.0
3.0
Lb (m)
1(b)
4.0
5.0
00320
104
H 2 C20075
HBtwtf = 20075612.5 mm 2.5 cm A325 1.6 cm
H 35 cm A992 Fy = 3.5 tf/cm2Fu = 4.6 tf/cm2
E70 FE70 = 4.9 tf/cm2Es = 2040 tf/cm2
20
w10
T
4
Y
Cy
10
tw
35
5
: cm
10
tf
B
2 C20075
3 SM400Fy = 2.52 tf/cm2Es = 2040 tf/cm2
k = 2.0 10 20
rcm
Pa = 21.1 tf Lcm
Pa
Cy
20 cm
X
30 cm
Y
C20075
Ix = 1970 cm4
Iy = 170 cm4
2
X A = 29.9 cm
Cy = 2.49 cm
104
00320
10 20
BHRH I
SN
s2
wn = wg d h +
, Tds = 0.9 Fy Ag , Tds = 0.75 Fu Ae , U = 0.9, 0.85, 0.75
4g
Fu Ant 0.6 Fu Anv , Rn = [ 0.6 Fy Agv + Fu Ant ] [ 0.6 Fu Anv + Fu Ant ]
c =
Fy kl Fy
=
Fcr r E
[ (
)]
( KL r ) 2
F
1
2 y
C
2
2 2 E
c
C c=
, F a=
Fy
5 3 KL r 1 ( KL r ) 3
+
3 8 C c 8 C c3
80 ry
Lp =
Fyf
ry X 1
, Lr =
1 + 1 + X 2 FL 2
FL
0.877
Fy
, Fcr =
2
12 2 E
, Fa =
23 (KL r )2
2
M1
M1
, Cb = 1.75 + 1.05
+ 0.3
2.3
M2
M
2
Lb L p
Cb S x X 1 2
X 12 X 2
) M p , M cr =
1+
Mp
M n = Cb M p ( M p M r )(
2
L
L
L
r
(
/
)
L
r
2
(
/
)
b
y
r
p
b
y
h
kv
50
tw
Fyw
, Vn = 0.6 Fyw Aw
50
kv
h
kv
< 62
Fyw t w
Fyw
62
kv
h
1860 k v
< 260 , Vn =
Aw
Fyw t w
(h / t w )2
, Vn = 0.6 Fyw Aw
50 k v / Fyw
h / tw
103
00320
AISC-LRFD
Fcr (0.658) Fy
2
c
Fcr (
0.877
2c
) Fy
KL Fy
10
r E
Fcr/Fy c
350 MPa 450 MPa 10
K 5
12.5M max
Cb
2.5M max 3M A 4M B 3M c
103
00320
Ma
Pu kN
Ma kN-m
Mb kN-m
1.2D+0.5L
1600
110
70
1.0E
450
200
200
Mb
Pu
W1490
Fy=350 MPa, E=200 GPa, Zx=2572769 mm3, Ix=415815194 mm4, A=17097 mm2,
rx=156 mm, ry=94 mm
M ux
M uy
Pu
, Pu 0.2Pn
2Pn M nx M ny
M uy
Pu 8 M ux
, Pu 0.2Pn
Pn 9 M nx M ny
B1
Cm
1
B2
1 ( Pu / HL )
1 ( Pu / Pe )
102
00320
1
2 w CD E = 2,040 tf/cm2
L = 6 m Ic = 30,094 cm4 Ib = 136,108 cm4 AISC
Alignment Chart LeMessurier formula AB
KAB wcr(tf/m) = BC = 240 tf/m2
d(m) = 25
Fixed end G 1hinged end G 10
w
w
L
A
D
L
GA
GB
50.0
10.0
5.0
1.0
50.0
10.0
5.0
3.0
0.9
3.0
2.0
2.0
0.8
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.2
GA
100.0
50.0
30.0
20.0
GB
20.0
10.0
5.0
4.0
20.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
3.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
2.0
4.0
0.4
3.0
0.3
2.0
3.0
2.0
1.5
0.2
1.0
1.0
0.1
100.0
50.0
30.0
0.1
0.5
LeMessurier formula K =
1.0
Pe P
PI PeK
PI K
PeEuler buckling load
P
PeKBuckling load
102
00320
3 P 16 m A
C 3 B x-z
W14 61 E =2,040 tf/cm2
Fy = 2.5 tf/cm2A = 116 cm2d =35.3 cmtw = 0.952 cmbf = 25.4 cmtf = 1.64 cm
Ix = 26,700 cm4Iy = 4,480 cm4
ASD Pa = 15
LRFDcPn = 10
z
z
C
C
0.4L
0.4L
B
L
0.6L
0.6L
x-z
x-z
y-z
y-z
K
K
-
0.5
0.65
-
0.7
0.8
-
1.0
1.0
*
*- *- *-
1.0
2.0
2.0
1.2
2.0
2.1
4 P H LRFD
BC Second-order design momentMu B1B2MntMlt
BC Alignment Chart25
Fixed end G 1hinged end G 10
A
EI
EI
EI
C
1.5LL
1.5LL
4
B1 =
PeK
Cm
1.0 C m = 0.6 0.4(M A / M B )
1 Pu / PeK
Pe
2 EI
1
=
=
B
=
2
1 Pu /PeK
(KL)2 (K) 2
1012
00320
18
800 kN
100 kN-m 50 kN-m
KL 4.5 mLRFD
25
ASTM A572 Gr.50 W1468
Fy = 350 MPa
W1468 Zx = 1884512 mm3, Zy = 604683 mm3, A = 12903 mm2
rx = 153 mm, ry = 62 mm
KL F y
c =
;
r E
Fcr = (
0.877
c2
) Fy , c > 1.5
M
M uy
Pu
, Pu < 0.2Pn
+ ux +
2Pn M nx M ny
M uy
Pu 8 M ux
, Pu 0.2Pn
+
+
Pn 9 M nx M ny
B1 =
Cm
1 (Pu Pel )
1012
00320
180 mm 80 mm 180 kN
LRFD
40 mm
20 mm A325 330 MPa
A36 25
Fy = 248 MPaFu = 400 MPa
: Rn = 1.2 Lc tFu 2.4 dtFu
180
80
mm
1002
00320
Second-order Analysis
Initial ImperfectionsAdjustments to Stiffness
1.0 LRFD LRFD load combinations 1.6 ASD
1.6 times ASD load combinations
AISC 2010 C
1.6 ASD
1.625
AISC Leaning column effect
LeMessurier formula K
P
P
K e
Pi PeK
Pi
K
Pe Euler buckling load
P
PeK Buckling load
I CDII CD EF
GH III AB
KIAB KIIABPIcr PIIcr
PIcr / PIIcr25
P
EI=
Lb
EI=
EI K=?
EI=
EI K=?
EI=
EI=
Lb
(I)
Lb
(II)
EI=
H
Lb
1002
00320
A M L 812.8 cm
LRFD Mn
25
M
B
z
cm
20.32
tf1.27
tw1.27
40.62
tf1.27
G H I
Alignment Chart DE EF
K ASD EF K
hinged end G 10Fixed end G 125
AB BC
DE EF
AD
DG
BE
EH
10700
11400
24000
28000
30000
36000
I cm4
GB
4m
E
5m
C
F
6m
8m
1002
00320
20b f
Fy
or
1400
;
( d / A f ) Fy
7160Cb / Fy l / rt 35800Cb / Fy ,
then Fb = [2 / 3
Fy (l / rT ) 2
107600Cb
]Fy
35800Cb / Fy < l / rt ,
840Cb
Iy /2
; Cm = 0.6 0.4( M A / M B ) ( 0.4) ; rT =
; Aw = ( d 2t f )tw
( Ld / A f )
Af + Aw / 6
f by
fa
f bx
fa
3
n
12 2 E
0.15
+
+
1
1 F
, F
F
=
J = bi ti
e
F
F
2
a
bx
by
a
23( KLb / rb )
i =1 3
f by
fa
fa
f bx
Cmy f by
fa
Cmx f bx
>
0
.
15
+
+
1
2 F
,
+
+
1 ;
0
.
6
F
F
F
a
y
bx
by
f
f
F
a
a
Fb =
(1
For
c =
KL
r
Cc
Fy
KL
r
M r = ( Fy Fr ) S x
Lp =
80 r y
Fy
F =
a
F 'ex
) Fbx
(1
F 'ey
( KL / r )2
1 2C 2 Fy
c
5 3( KL / r )
+
3
8Cc
;
( KL / r )3
; X 1=
Sx
ry X 1
( F y Fr )
EGJA / 2
For
KL
r
> Cc
F =
a
12 2 E
23( KL / r )
8Cc 3
, Lr =
) Fby
c 2
, X2 = 4
) Fy
0.877
F
2 y
Cw
2
S x /(GJ )
Iy
1 + 1 + X 2 ( Fy Fr ) 2
CW =
;
I f h2
2
Lb Lp M , M = Cb S x X 1 2 1+ X 12 X 2 M
p
n
p
Lb / ry
2( Lb / ry )2
Lr Lp
M n = Cb M p ( M p M r )
Ginelastic =
( EI / L)
( EI / L)
col
beam
baem
= Gelastic a ;
a =
Et Fcr , inelastic
=
( LSD ) ;
E
Fcr , elastic
170
f
(1 3.74 a ) for f a / Fy 0.16 ;
Fy
Fy
a =
Et Fa
=
( ASD )
E Fe
Fy = tf/cm2
EC
EI y GJ 1+ ( ) 2 w
L
GJ
99
00320
Cc =
2 2 E
Fy
kl Fy
c =
r E
Lp =
80 ry
Fyf
2E
12
, Fa =
23 kl 2
r
( kl / r ) 2
F
1
2 y
2
C
c
, Fa =
5 3(kl / r ) (kl / r ) 3
+
3
8C c
8C c 3
0.877
F
, Fcr = exp 0.419 2c Fy , Fcr =
2 y
c
[ (
, Lr =
r y X1
FL
)]
1 + 1 + X 2 FL
M
M
, C b = 1.75 + 1.05 1 + 0.3 1 2.3
M2
M2
Lb Lp
C S X 2
X1 2 X 2
Mp
M n = C b M p (M p M r )(
) M p , M cr = b x 1
1+
L r L p
( L b / ry )
2(L b / ry ) 2
SIS-05-5900 SSPC
10
10
99
00320
L15010015
25 m
Fy2.52 tf/cm2E2,040 tf/cm2
ASDtf15
LSDtf15
Y
C.G.
40 cm
X
cx
X
cy
L 15 cm 10 cm 1.5 cm
cx = 5.0 cmcy = 2.53 cm
Ix = 782 cm4Iy = 276 cm4
A = 35.3 cm2
Y
40 cm
15 cm 6.0 m
3.0 m 2.4 tf/m3
30 kg/m2 400 kg/m2
A992 Fy3.52 tf/cm2E2,040 tf/cm2
LSD
RH 15
L/360 15
15 cm RC
3.0 m 3.0 m
6.0 m
RH
(HB)
175175
298149
200200
244175
200204
Sx(cm3)
331
424
472
495
498
Zx(cm3)
370
475
525
550
565
Ix(cm4)
2,900
6,320
4,720
6,040
4,980
ry(cm)
4.37
3.29
5.02
4.21
4.88
X1
(tf/cm2)
288
128
267
201
309
X2
(cm2/tf)2
0.102
3.07
0.135
0.451
0.0853
(kg/m)
40.4
32.0
49.9
43.6
56.2
98
00320
Strong Column
Weak BeamMoment Strength
Ratio10
PM
P-M Interaction
Curve15
H
Panel Zonetz8
Box Section
mm CNS 13812
SN400C SN490C 8
Eccentrically Braced Frame, EBFLink
BeamStiffener9
Plastic
Moment StrengthMpYield Moment StrengthMy
Mp / My =8
Pn = exp ( 0.419 c2 ) Fy A s
Ky Ly = 4 m c =9
98
00320
Pretension
Fu
9797
00320
12000Cb
0.6 Fy
( L / rT ) 2
840Cb
Fb
0.6 Fy
( Ld / A f )
Fb
35800Cb
L
rT
Fy
(7.2-7)
(7.2-8)
M o, cr ( ) 2 EI y GJ ( ) 4 EI y ECW
L
L
LRFD
leaning columnLeMessurier formula
K
P
P
K' e
PI PeK
PeEuler buckling load
PI K
P
PeKbuckling load
1 K2.0
CD AB KAB
P
P
10
EI=
L
EI
K=2
EI K=?
EI
Lb
9797
00320
2 ABCD
w H L 18 m
LRFD wn,cr25
W
d54.43 cmbf21.22 cmtf2.12 cmtw1.31 cmA156.77 cm2
Ix76170 cm4rx22.02 cmSx2802 cm3Zx3212 cm3
Iy3388 cm4ry4.65 cm
rT5.46 cmCw2317464 cm6J181 cm4
E2100 t/cm2G840 t/cm2Fy3.5 t/cm2
w
w
z
B
L/3
C
L/3
D
L/3
D
z
2
3 ABC
d P y H 3
A36 H 2.5 tL 12 m d 25 cm
ASD P35
W
A76 cm2d30.3 cmbf20.3 cmtf1.31 cmtw0.749 cm
rx13 cmSx851 cm3ry4.91 cmIy1830 cm4
E2040 t/cm2Fy2.5 t/cm2
KxKy1.0Cm1.0
P
d
H
A
B
y
A
P
L/2
L/2
B
H
9797
00320
rT
20b f
Fy
Iy /2
A f Aw / 6
or
Aw (d 2t f )t w
1400
; Cb 1.75 1.05 ( M A / M B ) 0.3 ( M A / M B ) 2 2.3
(d / A f ) Fy
35800Cb / Fy L / rT , then
107600Cb
]Fy
Fb 12000Cb /( L / rT ) 2
Fb
840Cb
; Cm 0.6 0.4( M A / M B )( 0.4)
( Ld / A f )
fa
0.15 ,
Fa
fa
0.15 ,
Fa
f a f bx f by
1
Fa Fbx Fby
cmy f by
fa
Cmx f bx
12 2 E
'
1 ; Fe
2
fa
Fa (1 f a ) F
23
(
KL
/
r
)
b
b
(1
) Fby
bx
F 'ex
F 'ey
f by
fa
f
bx
1 ,
0.6 Fy Fbx Fby
K i ,modified
Pe P
Pi Pek
( KL / r ) 2
F
1
2 y
2
C
KL
c
For
Cc ; Fa
; For
r
5 3( KL / r ) ( KL / r )3
3
8Cc
8Cc 3
Fy ( L / rT ) 2
KL
Cc
r
12 2 E
Fa
23( KL / r ) 2
2
KL Fy
0.877
; For c 1.5 , Fcr (0.658 c ) Fy ; For c 1.5 , Fcr
Fy
r E
c 2
9797
00320
Lp
80ry
Fy
, Lr
ry X 1
( Fy Fr )
1 1 X 2 ( Fy Fr ) 2
Lb L p
C
S
X
2
X
X2
b
x
1
1
M p , M n
M n Cb M p ( M p M r )
1
Mp
2
L L
L
/
r
2( Lb / ry )
p
b
y
M r ( Fy Fr ) S x
X1
C
EGJA / 2 , X 2 4 w S x /(GJ )2
Sx
Iy
For flange pd 14 / Fy , p 17 / Fy , r 25 / Fy
For web p
Fy tf/cm2
170
f
(1 3.74 a ) for f a / Fy 0.16 ; 68 / Fy for f a / Fy 0.16
Fy
Fy
9696
00320
10
LL150x100x15
15010015
P
P
Unit
=
mm
Unit= m m
cm
aa
b
b
15 cm
15c
m
15m
m -p la te
15 mm-plate
H 5003001520 dbftwtf mm
P = 40 tfMx = 20 m-tf, MY = 10 m-tf L = 10
ASD 25
Cm = 0.6-0.4(M1/M2) Cb = 1.75+1.05(M1/M2)+0.3(M1/M2)22.3
Fy = 3.5tf/cm2 Fu = 5 tf/cm2
H 500300, d = 50 cm, tw = 1.5 cm, bf = 30 cm, tf = 2 cm, A = 189 cm2, rx = 20.74 cm,
rY = 6.91 cm, rT = 7.94 cm, SX = 3253 cm3, SY = 600 cm3, IX = 81327 cm4, IY = 9012 cm4
P
Y
Y
tf
tf
dd
tw
tw
MX
Mx
X
X
MY
My
bbff
0
O
0
O
P
P
P
P
L = 10
9696
00320
K25
hinge G 10fixed G 1
I cm4
I
EG, and FH
4000
DE
17000
GA
100.0
50.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
EF, and GH
36000
GB
20.0
10.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
3.0
A
A
2.0
1.5
1.0
6m
6m
hing e
hinge
1.0
4m
4m
C
C
10
m
10m
Fixed
Fixe d
Fixed
Fixed
BB
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
3m
FF 3m
EE
DD
H
H
100.0
50.0
30.0
20.0
1.0
Sidesway Uninhibited
9696
00320
pd = 14 / Fy
p = 17 / Fy
r = 25 / Fy
138
f
(1 3.17 a ) for f a / Fy 0.16 , = 68 / Fy for others
Fy
Fy
20b f
1400
or
(d / A f )Fy
Fy
7160C b / Fy L / rt 35800C b / Fy then Fb = [2 / 3
Fy (L / rT ) 2
107600C b
]Fy
840C b
Ld / A f
Fb =
(1)
f
fa
f
f
< 0.15 a + bx + by 1
Fa
Fa Fbx Fby
(2)
fa
> 0.15
Fa
Cmy f by
fa
C mx f bx
+
+
1
fa
Fa (1 f a )F
(1 )Fby
bx
Fex
Fey
f
fa
f
+ bx + by 1
0.6Fy Fbx Fby
if
kl
Cc
r
c =
(kl / r)2
]Fy
2
122 E
2Cc
Fa =
else Fa =
5 3(kl / r) (kl / r)3
23(kl / r)2
+
3
3
8Cc
8Cc
[1
KL Fy
r E
.
For c 15
.
For c > 15
Fcr =
Lp =
80ry
Fy
Lr =
0.877
Fy
2
c
ry X1
( Fy Fr )
1 + 1 + X 2 ( Fy Fr )2
L b L p
M p
M n = C b M p ( M p M r )
L
L
b
r
M r = ( Fy Fr )S x
X1 =
EGJA / 2
Sx
X2 = 4
X1 X 2
CS X 2
1+
Mn = b x 1
Mp
2( L b / ry ) 2
L b / ry
(I / L )
(I / L )
Cw
[Sx /(GJ)]2
Iy
G=
95 00320
Buckling 5 20
Compact SectionLocal Buckling
Flexural Buckling
Lateral Torsional Buckling, LTB
5 20
Shear Buckling
94
00320
L20020020mm
Fy = 2.5 tf/cm2Fu = 4.1 tf/cm2 22 mm
4.2 tf/cm2 23.5 mm
Pn25
2/3 WHS I
T
3 U=0.90
WHSI T
3 U=0.85
2 U=0.75
Rn Rn=2.4dtFu
7.5 cm
7.5 cm
5 cm
5 cm
2@7.5 cm=15 cm
bMnb=0.9
Mn
Mn
H4883001118 d b f t w t f mm
Fy = 2.5 tf/cm2Fu = 4.1 tf/cm2 D32
8.19 cm2Fy = 4200 kgf/cm2 f c =210 kgf/cm225
50 cm
8 cm
70 cm
8 cm
94
00320
P
3003001818mm H Fy = 2.5 tf/cm2
Fu = 4.1 tf/cm2 E70XXFu = 4.9 tf/cm2
P25
10
10
14 cm
A
12
12
200
200
A-A
50 cm
mm
T Fy = 2.5 tf/cm2
Fu = 4.1 tf/cm2Plastic
design wu
25
40 cm
wu
2.6 cm
24 cm
600 cm
2.4 cm
00320
9
9
7
H150150710 DL = 40 t
LL = 30 tASD
d
A325 1.5d
3d 1mm H150150710 : A = 40.1 cm2
R = 11 mm
25
t/cm2
A307
A325
A325
A490
A490
3.5
3.5
(Ft)
(Fv)
1.40
0.70
3.05
1.19
1.05
0.84
0.70
1.45
3.05
1.19
1.05
0.84
0.70
2.10
3.75
1.47
1.26
1.05
0.91
1.95
3.75
1.47
1.26
1.05
0.91
2.80
0.33 Fu
0.17 Fu
0.33 Fu
0.17 Fu
00320
bracketfactored load, Pu
W
A36 fillet weld E70XX
weld size 10 mm
25
Pu
FBM FW
0.75
0.90
0.6FEXX
Cm 5
Cm = 0.6-0.4 (M1/M2) 0.4 0.4 5
P = 2000 kg L = 350 cm
Sx = 451 cm3 Sy = 152 cm3
rx = 8.81 cmry = 5.13 cm A = 59 cm2 E = 2.1103 t/cm2
Fy = 2.5 t/cm2
K = 2.1Cc = 127Fbx = 0.66 FyFby = 0.75 FyCm = 0.85
15
KL/rCc Fa =
KL/r Cc Fa =
1 KL 2
Fy
1
2
C
r
c
3
5 3 KL 1 KL
+
3 8 C c r 8 C c r
122 E
23( KL / r ) 2
f by C my
f by
f bx C mx
122 E
f
f
1.0 a + bx +
1.0 Fe =
+
2
0.6 Fy Fbx Fby
23(KL / r )
fa
f
a
Fby 1
Fbx 1
F
ex
ey
f a f bx f by
+
+
1.0
Fa Fbx Fby
fa
+
Fa
00420
5 25
(block shear)
(web yielding)
(yielding stress)
Cc
A572 Gr. 50 H312 303 13 21 SD 420 D32
8.14cm2 f c' = 280 kg/cm2
15 m 0.8 3.5 t/cm2
4.2 t/cm2 2100 t/cm2 250 t/cm2
25
H312 303 13 21: A = 165 cm2rx = 13.4 cmry=7.7 cm
c Pn c = 0.85 Pn Pn
Ascm2 Ag
rm
cm r
Fmy Em
Fmy = Fy + C1Fyr (Ar/As) + C2 f c' (Ac/As) Em = E + C3Ec (Ac/As)
Ac = Ar = As = E = Ec =
Fy = Fyr = f c' =
C1C2C3 C1 = 1.0C2 = 0.85C3 = 0.4
C1 = 0.7C2 = 0.6C3 = 0.2
c Pn
c = 0.85 Pn = A g Fcr
c 1.5
c > 1.5
0.877
Fcr = 2 Fy
c
kL Fy
r E
Ag = cm2 Fy = t/cm2 E = t/cm2 k =
L = cm r = cm
c =
19 mm A325X
22 mm WT
25
WT 1.5
3
WT 8
tw = 12.4mm
tf = 18.9mm
2
Pn = FyAg t =0.9
Pn = FuAe t =0.75
00420
A325
A325
0.75
6.30 t/cm2
6.30 t/cm2
0.75
3.36 t/cm2
4.20 t/cm2
(Ft)t/cm2
A325
8.2-1.9fv6.3
8.2-1.9fv6.3
0.75
Ae = UAg
Ae = UAn
2/3 WHS I T
3 U = 0.90
WHSI T
3 U = 0.85
2 U = 0.75
Rn = 0.75Rn =
Le1.5 d S3d
Rn = 2.4 dtFu
Rn = LetFu3.0 dtFu
Rn = (S-0.5d) tFu2.4 dtFu
Rn = 2.0 dtFu
Le < 1.5d
Rn = LetFu2.4 dtFu
Rn = (S-0.5d) tFu2.4 dtFu
Rn = LetFu2.0 dtFu
Rn = (S-0.5d) tFu2.0 dtFu
L W12170 (P)
A36 Kx = Ky = 1.0 (ASD) 25
W12 170
A = 322.58 cm2Sx = 3850.96 cm3rx = 14.58 cmSy = 1348.66 cm3ry = 8.18 cmLc = 4.05 mLu = 19.6 m
A36 Fy = 2.50 t/cm2Fu = 4.10 t/cm2E = 2.1103 t/cm2
P = 182 ton Mx = 27.68 t-mMy = 8.30 t-m L = 3.7 m
(KL / r ) 2
1
Fy
2C c2
12 2 E
Fa =
Fa =
23 (KL / r ) 2
5 3(KL / r ) (KL / r ) 3
+
3
8C c
8C 3c
Fex' =
12
2 E
23 (KL b / rb ) 2x
Fey' =
12
2E
23 (KL b / rb ) 2y
Cc =
2 2 E
Fy
f by
fa
f
+ bx +
1.0
0.6Fy Fbx Fby
fa/Fa 0.15
f a f bx f by
+
+
1.0
Cm
Fa Fbx Fby
Cm = 0.85
Cm = 0.6-0.4 (M1/M2)
Cm
Cm = 0.85
Cm = 1.00
00420
()
H (shear flow)
10
10
5
A36 W1265 14m P
1/4
(ASD) P
A36 E2100 t/cm2, Fy2.5 t/cm2, Fu4.1 t/cm2
W1265 A119.4 cm2, d30.3 cm, tw1 cm, bf30cm,
tf1.5 cm, I x20820 cm4, I y6797 cm 4 , Sx1373 cm3 , S y455 cm 3, r x13.2 cm,
ry7.6 cm, Lc3.87 m, Lu8.44 m 97 kg/m25
10 m
A36 W1453
(Pa)10
(Pu)15
W1453 A100.64 cm2rx14.96 cmry4.88 cm
A36 Fy2.50 t/cm2Fu4.10 t/cm2E2.1103 t/cm2
(KL/r)2
1
F
2 y
2Cc
12 2 E
2 2 E
Fa =
C
F
=
=
c
a
Fy
23 (KL/r)2
5 3(KL/r) (KL/r)3
+
3
3
8Cc
8Cc
0.877
KL Fy
Fy
Fcr = exp 0.419 c2 Fy
Fcr =
=
c
2
r E
c
[ (
)]
= 0.85
00420
()
P20 tonfs
7 cm 22 mm A325X
(ASD)
25
(Ft), t/cm2
A325
3.05
1.19
1.05
0.84
0.70
2.10
A325
3.05
1.19
1.05
0.84
0.70
1.45
A490
3.75
1.47
1.26
1.05
0.91
2.80
A490
3.75
1.47
1.26
1.05
0.91
1.95
L 1.5d 3d
Fp1.2Fu
(1a)
Fp1.0Fu
(1b)
1.5d (1a)(1b)
FpLFu/2d1.2Fu (1c)
dcm
Lcm
04-2
4 4
lateral torsional buckling
MaMc>Md>Mb5
Ma
Mb
Mc
Md
KA KB 1.0 Ka 2.05
b
b
KB
KA
a
a
A
5
5
Fy2520 kg/cm2 27cm2cm200cm
ASD
ABCD
M V 20
80cm6.5cm
206cm1.3cm
B
A
Ix12,700,000cm4
kgcm
h
1,000,000
t
Fy (Fy1160)
h 6400
t
Fb
A
Fb' Fb 1.0 0.0005 w
Af
5.34
k4.00
(a / h )2
k5.34
4.00
(a / h )2
h 6400
F
b
3,150,000 k
C v
Fy (h / t )2
1600 k
C v
h / t Fy
D
245 cm
Fv
Fy
1 Cv
C v
2.89
1.15 1(a / h )2
SMAW E70
CT 30t
E70
Fu4.9 t/cm220
Double Angles
Ft0.6Fy
Ft0.5Fu
Fv0.4Fy
2
(KL / r )
1
Fy
2C c2
12 2 E
Fa
Fa
23 (KL / r )2
5 3 KL / r 1 (KL / r )3
3 8 C c 8 C 3c
C my f by
f by
fa
C mx f bx
fa
f
1.0
bx
1.0
Fa
0
.
6
F
F
F
y
bx
by
f
fa
1 a F
Fey
f a f bx f by
1.0
Fa Fbx Fby
C c
2 2 E
Fy
f a f bx f by
1.0
Ft Fbx Fby
90 ton abbedeef fg
AC ASD AC
ASTM A500 Grade B Fy2.9 ton/cm2Fu4.1 ton/cm2E2000
ton/cm220
4m
d
e
4m
04-2
6m
f
A
F
90 ton
4m
F
4m
KL/r Cc
(KL / r )2
1
Fy
2C c2
2 2 E
C c
Fa
Fy
5 3 KL / r 1 (KL / r )3
3 8 C c 8 C c3
12 2 E
KL/r Cc Fa
23 (KL / r ) 2
B
y
N
kg/m
A
cm2
x-x
cm4
y-y
cm4
x-x
cm
y-y
cm
350150
8.0
10.0
12.5
16.0
60.5
75.0
92.6
117
77.1
95.5
118
149
11880
14490
17560
21500
3125
3766
4495
5386
12.4
12.3
12.2
12.0
6.36
6.28
6.17
6.02
350250
10.0
12.5
16.0
90.7
112
142
116
143
181
20270
24680
30440
12020
14580
17860
13.2
13.1
13.0
10.2
10.2
9.95
400150
10.0
12.5
16.0
82.8
102
129
106
130
165
20340
24720
30400
4257
5087
6108
13.9
13.8
13.6
6.35
6.24
6.09
t
y
t
mm
D x
DB
mm
KL / r
Cc
.01
.02
.03
.04
.05
Ca
.599
.597
.596
.594
.593
.06
.07
.08
.09
.10
KL / r
Cc
.26
.27
.28
.29
.30
Ca
.548
.546
.543
.540
.538
.591
.589
.588
.586
.584
.31
.32
.33
.34
.35
.11
.12
.13
.14
.15
.582
.580
.578
.576
.574
.16
.17
.18
.19
.20
.21
.22
.23
.24
.25
KL / r
Cc
.51
.52
.53
.54
.55
Ca
.472
.469
.465
.462
.458
.535
.532
.529
.527
.524
.56
.57
.58
.59
.60
.36
.37
.38
.39
.40
.521
.518
.515
.512
.509
.572
.570
.568
.565
.563
.41
.42
.43
.44
.45
.561
.558
.556
.553
.551
.46
.47
.48
.49
.50
KL / r
Cc
.76
.77
.78
.79
.80
Ca
.375
.371
.366
.362
.357
.455
.451
.447
.444
.440
.81
.82
.83
.84
.85
.353
.348
.344
.339
.335
.61
.62
.63
.64
.65
.436
.432
.428
.424
.420
.86
.87
.88
.89
.90
.330
.325
.321
.316
.311
.506
.502
.499
.496
.493
.66
.67
.68
.69
.70
.416
.412
.408
.404
.400
.91
.92
.93
.94
.95
.306
.301
.296
.291
.286
.489
.486
.483
.479
.476
.71
.72
.73
.74
.75
.396
.392
.388
.384
.379
.96
.97
.98
.99
1.00
.281
.276
.271
.266
.261
When ratios exceed the noncompact section limits of Sect. B5.1, use
of
KL / r
values and equation FaCaQaQsFyAppendix Sect. B5.
Cc
KL / r
in lieu
Cc'
VALUES OF Ca
For Determining Allowable Stress When KL/r Cc
for Steel of Any Yield Stress (by Eq. Fa=CaFy)a