Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Place of Origin
Mindanao Island
I belong in a urban local government of in Davao del Sur province, Digos City,
Region XI in the island of Mindanao, Philippines. According to the latest population
census, the province has an increase of an average annual population growth rate (PGR)
of 1.36 percent with 868,690 persons as of May 1, 2010, larger by 109,889 persons
compared to its total population of 758,801 persons counted in the year 2000.
1. What are other definitions for local government? (include definitions of the United
Nations and the International Union of Local Authorities).
has a voice on the international stage. IULA develops policies and positions on issues of
interest to local government and supports a unique network of local governments and their
national associations, which facilitates the exchange of experience and information
between local governments across the world.
2. Observe the definitions you have collected, and notice what the common
elements in these definitions are. What is your conclusion?
Based on the definitions I have gathered, I can conclude that the local government
is a branch of our government which is the nearest authority citizens can go to and are the
ones also responsible in delivering the peoples basic needs. It is composed of
communities leaded by a group of people elected in managing the services which are
going to be given or distributed fairly to the ones living around the certain area.
GENERAL POWERS
AND ATTRIBUTES OF
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
UNITS
5. Plebiscite Requirement
No creation, division, merger, abolition, or substantial alteration of
boundaries of local government units shall take effect unless
approved by a majority of the votes cast in a plebiscite called for the
purpose in the political unit or units directly affected. Said plebiscite
shall be conducted by the Commission on Elections (Comelec)
within one hundred twenty (120) days from the date of effectivity of
the law or ordinance effecting such action, unless said law or
ordinance fixes another date.
The old site, together with the improvements thereon, may be disposed of by
sale or lease or converted to such other use as the Sanggunian concerned
may deem beneficial to the local government unit concerned and its
inhabitants.
Local government offices and facilities shall not be transferred, relocated,
or converted to other uses unless public hearings are first conducted for the
purpose and the concurrence of the majority of all the members of the
Sanggunian concerned is obtained.
7. Government Centers
Provinces, cities, and municipalities shall endeavor to establish a
government center where offices, agencies, or branches of the
national government, local government units, or government-owned
or -controlled corporations may, as far as practicable, be located. In
designating such a center, the local government unit concerned
shall take into account the existing facilities of national and local
agencies and offices which may serve as the government center as
contemplated under this Section. The national government , local
The change of name of any local government unit shall be effective only
upon ratification in a plebiscite conducted for the purpose in the political
unit directly affected. In any change of name, the Office of the
President, the representative of the legislative district concerned, and
the Bureau of Posts shall be notified.
b. Such basic services and facilities include, but are not limited to, the
following:
1. For a Barangay:
i. Agricultural support services which include planting
materials distribution system and operation of farm produce
collection and buying stations;
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
2. For a municipality:
i. Extension and on-site research services and facilities
related to agriculture and fishery activities which include
dispersal of livestock and poultry, fingerlings, and other
seeding materials for aquaculture; palay, corn, and
vegetable seed farms; medicinal plant gardens; fruit tree,
coconut, and other kinds of seedling nurseries;
demonstration farms; quality control of copra and
improvement and development of local distribution
channels, preferably through cooperatives; inter -Barangay
irrigation system; water and soil resource utilization and
conservation projects; and enforcement of fishery laws in
municipal waters including the conservation of mangroves;
ii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
x.
Public cemetery;
xi.
xii.
Sites for police and fire stations and substations and the
municipal jail;
3. For a Province:
i. Agricultural extension and on-site research services and
facilities which include the prevention and control of plant
and animal pests and diseases; dairy farms, livestock
markets, animal breeding stations, and artificial insemination
centers; and assistance in the organization of farmers' and
fishermen's cooperatives and other collective organizations,
as well as the transfer of appropriate technology;
ii.
iii.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
13. Power
to Generate and
Apply Resources
14. Eminent
Domain
A local government unit may, through its chief executive and acting
pursuant to an ordinance, exercise the power of eminent domain for
public use, or purpose, or welfare for the benefit of the poor and the
landless, upon payment of just compensation, pursuant to the
provisions of the Constitution and pertinent laws: Provided,
however, That the power of eminent domain may not be exercised
unless a valid and definite offer has been previously made to the
owner, and such offer was not accepted: Provided, further, That the
local government unit may immediately take possession of the
property upon the filing of the expropriation proceedings and upon
making a deposit with the proper court of at least fifteen percent
(15%) of the fair market value of the property based on the current
tax declaration of the property to be expropriated: Provided, finally,
That, the amount to be paid for the expropriated property shall be
15. Reclassification
of Lands.
16. Closure
and Opening of
Roads.
17. Corporate
Powers.
Local chief executives may, upon authority of the Sanggunian, negotiate and
secure financial grants or donations in kind, in support of the basic services or
facilities enumerated under Section 17 hereof, from local and foreign
assistance agencies without necessity of securing clearance or approval
therefor from any department, agency, or office of the national government or
from any higher local government unit: Provided, That projects financed by
such grants or assistance with national security implications shall be
approved by the national agency concerned: Provided, further, That when
such national agency fails to act on the request for approval within thirty (30)
days from receipt thereof, the same shall be deemed approved.
The local chief executive shall, within thirty (30) days upon signing of such
grant agreement or deed of donation, report the nature, amount, and terms of
such assistance to both Houses of Congress and the President.
19.
How many layers of local government do the Philippines have? Discuss briefly the
various layers.
The local government has 3 layers of government, these are the provinces, cities or
municipalities and the barangays. Provinces are defined as an intermediate unit, providing
supervisions to the municipalities and component cities under it and performing services
for the national government. Cities and municipalities are the ones performing services for
the people who lived together in a community. Barangays which are considered to be sub
municipal provides opportunity for face to face interaction among the people.
But what is local autonomy in the context of public administration and in the
reaction to the Philippine republican, unitary and democratic form of government?
Local autonomy is the power of the local government to run its own affairs and the
ability to make its own laws act upon them, an exercise of certain basic powers to best
serve the interest and promote the general well being of their inhabitants. The notion that
local government autonomy has important implications for a states local government
structure is fast approaching conventional wisdom. Negative binomial regression is used to
analyze the link between the administrative, fiscal, functional, and structural autonomy
permitted to municipal and county governments and the number of special districts in each
state over the 1992-2002 period. This pooled analysis reveals that this relationship to befar
more limited than previously thought. This study challenges the findings of previous
studies showing that limitations on local autonomy strongly encourage a splintering of local
government authority due to the creation of numerous special districts. Tax and
expenditure limitations (TELs) were the only restrictions that were consistently related to a
greater reliance on special district governments, and only when both municipal and county
governments were both strongly restricted. For the most part, state reliance on special
district governments was unaffected by the extent of restrictions placed on local generalpurpose governments with regard to debt and permitted functions.
Differentiate and discuss each form of decentralization briefly. In your opinion has
the Philippines been able to meet its goals for decentralization as enumerated in the
above paragraph? Why, or why not? What needs to be improved?
Deconcentration is often considered to be the weakest form of decentralization and
is used most frequently in unitary states-- redistributes decision making authority and
financial and management responsibilities among different levels of the central
government. It can merely shift responsibilities from central government officials in the
capital city to those working in regions, provinces or districts, or it can create strong field
administration or local administrative capacity under the supervision of central government
ministries. Devolution is a third type of administrative decentralization. When governments
devolve functions, they transfer authority for decision-making, finance, and management to
quasi-autonomous units of local government with corporate status.
Devolution usually transfers responsibilities for services to municipalities that elect
their own mayors and councils, raise their own revenues, and have independent authority
to make investment decisions. In a devolved system, local governments have clear and
legally recognized geographical boundaries over which they exercise authority and within
which they perform public functions. It is this type of administrative decentralization that
underlies most political decentralization.
Decentralization provides a unique opportunity for the participation of NGOs in
providing needed services and that failure to integrate nonprofit players and weak intersectoral collaboration can hinder overall progress towards decentralization and the
realization of improved economic performance. With the help of these non-government
organization more opportunities and services can be provided to the people which cant be
given by the local government alone increasing the possibility of an improving economy.
Through privatization communication is much easier with the operating channels especially
in the rural areas. Decentralization wont be effective if not all people are aware of the
movements or decisions being made. Considering the citizens in the depressed and
neglected areas, they cannot relate to the present happening in the urban world without
communication.
Through this manner of privatization as operationg channels, the aims of
redistributing power, allocating resources, facilities and the deployment of services are
more esier and effective to reach other communities. Privatization and decentralization of
rural services imply fundamental changes in skills, attitudes and relationships;
communication strategies can help articulate the transition.
For me yes, the Philippines has been able to meet its goals for decentralization that
in the present, we can already see that our economy is continuously improving which
means that our governments management has been effective. The effectiveness that I am
talking about is not the 100 percent approval that our country has really met its goals, but
considering the developments that happened around the country, it still can be considered
to reach the standard of what we call effective although some local governments did not
really do good around the process.
Complex problems are we have today in this country and we should not expect an
instant solution with regards to these problems, we should take it slowly one by one and
not expect a perfect process that we all know that this maybe a trial and error process or
there still just a bunch of processes or solutions waiting to be discovered which are more
effective and more applicable to problems that we. All we need to right now is perform
each of roles as citizens in our country helping it to be more better, be alert with the issues
around and choose that better leader who know is more capable of handling complications
rather than money and fame because we all know that change is beginning with each of us
and hopefully, change will come.