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Hazardous Chemicals and MSDS

Hazardous Chemicals
and MSDS

Contents

Learning Outcomes

1. Introduction

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Learning Outcomes
Introduction
MSDS
Labeling Systems
GHS
Summary

At the end of this session you are able to;

define and identify hazardous chemicals,
discuss the elements in the MSDS
apply proper use and handling practices while
working with hazardous chemicals in the
laboratories to protect from potential health and
physical hazards presented by chemicals, and
explain the labeling systems for hazardous
chemicals.

What are hazardous chemicals?

Hazardous
chemicals refers
to any element,
compound or
mixture of elements
and/or compounds
which are a
physical or health
hazard.

Toxic effects of Chemicals

In order to minimize the hazards
associated with chemicals used in the
laboratory, researchers must investigate
many sources of information to safely
design the experiment.
There are many ways to do this. The
starting point should be with a review of
the Materials Safety Data Sheet, MSDS.

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2. Material Safety Data Sheets

(MSDS)
OSHA requires, chemical
manufacturers or importers to
evaluate the hazards of the products
they supply and summarize this
information on MSDS, shipping
labels, and product warnings

Requirements
MSDS for hazardous chemicals must be in workplace,
employees must be able to interpret MSDS information,
MSDS may be in printed form or available
electronically,
MSDS that is missing must be replaced within 30 days,
hazardous chemicals may not be used if a MSDS is
not available, and
MSDS shall be readily available for review by
employees.

A material safety data sheet (MSDS) is

a form containing data regarding the
properties of a particular substance.
It is intended to provide workers and
emergency personnel with procedures for
handling or working with that substance in a
safe manner, and includes information such
as physical data (melting point, boiling
point, flash point, etc.), toxicity, health
effects, first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal,
protective equipment, and spill handling
procedures.

Each MSDS must contain the following information:

The exact format of an MSDS can

vary from source to source within a
country depending on how specific is
the national requirement.

4. Physical hazards,
1. Suppliers name,
including reactivity,
address, ph #, date,
5. Health hazards,
2. Chemical name, CAS
including signs and
# of all hazardous
symptoms of
exposure, medical
ingredients if it is > 1%
conditions that
of the product,
might be aggravated
3. Physical and chemical
by exposure,
characteristics, vp., fp.,

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Each MSDS must contain the following information:

6. Primary routes of
entry,
7. PELs, RELs, TLVs
10. Toxicity data,
11. Storage and
handling data,

12. Emergency and first

aid procedures,
13. Disposal
considerations
14. Transportation
information

An example: Silver Nitrate MSDS

Silver Nitrate MSDS

*HMIS (Hazardous Materials Industrial Standards)

Silver Nitrate MSDS

Silver Nitrate MSDS

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Silver Nitrate MSDS

Silver Nitrate MSDS

Silver Nitrate MSDS

Silver Nitrate MSDS

Silver Nitrate MSDS

4. Labeling Systems

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Why label them?

Additional sources of hazard

information
National Fire Protection Association NFPA 704
National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH) RELs.
American Council of Governmental Hygienists (ACGIH)
TLVs
International Agency for Cancer Research, (IARC)

NFPA 704 System

The NFPA 704 System is a means of providing
hazard information for a material.
Each of the four sections is associated with a
particular hazard and the higher the number the
more hazardous the material is for that particular
characteristic.
The fourth section is to give information on special
hazards. Next are the four sections and an
explanation of each.

Red = Flammability

4 - Materials with a flashpoint below

73 F (22 C) and a boiling point below 100 F.

3 - Materials with a flashpoint below 73 F

and a boiling point greater than or equal to

100 F (38 C) or a flashpoint above 73 F and
less than 100 F.

2 - Materials with a flashpoint above 100 F,

but not exceeding 200 F (93.3 C).

1 - Materials with a flashpoint above 200 F.

0 - Materials which normally won't burn.

Blue = Health Hazard

4 - Materials with an oral LD50 of less than or
equal to 5 mg/kg.

3 - Materials with an oral LD50 above 5, but

less than 50 mg/kg.

2 - Materials with an oral LD50 above 50, but

less than 500 mg/kg.

1 - Materials with an oral LD50 above 500, but

less than 2000mg/kg.

0 - Materials with an oral LD50 above

2000mg/kg.

Yellow = Reactivity Hazard

4-Material is capable of explosion or detonation at
normal temperature and pressure.
3-Material is capable of explosion, but requires a
strong initiating source, or the material reacts with
water.
2-Material undergoes violent chemical changes at
elevated temperature and pressure.
1-Normally stable, but can become unstable at
elevated temperatures.
0-Normally stable.

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White = Special Hazard

NFPA labeling color/number coded

labeling system

W Water Reactive

Ox Oxidizer
COR Corrosive
Radiation

Hazardous Materials Identification System

(HMIS)

HMIS & NFPA Symbols

The Hazardous Materials Identification System,

HMIS, was developed by the National Paint &
Coatings Association (NPCA) to help employers
comply with OSHA's Hazard Communication (HCS).
The system utilizes colored bars, numbers and
symbols to convey the hazards of chemicals used in
the workplace

5. GHS

GHS
The Globally Harmonized System of
Classification and Labeling of Chemicals
or GHS is an internationally agreed upon
system set to replace the various different
classification and labeling standards used in
different countries.
The GHS will use consistent criteria for
classification and labeling on a global level.

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The UN Conference on Environment and

Development (UNCED) in 1992 identified the
harmonisation of classification and labelling of
chemicals as one of six action programs in
Chapter 19 of UNCED Agenda 21.

A globally harmonised hazard classification and labelling

system: what for ?
DL50 = 257 mg/kg

Its objective was:

"a globally harmonised hazard classification
and compatible labelling system (GHS)
including material safety data sheets and easily
understandable symbols, should be available, if
feasible, by the year 2000."

GHS: Principles

The GHS covers all hazardous chemicals.

Based on hazards - intrinsic properties

Available data will be applied to classification of

substances and mixtures

Target audiences for the GHS include consumers,

workers, transport workers and emergency responders.

building block - approach

Classification as a basis for hazard communication

and other down-stream consequences

GHS: Endpoints

Immunotoxicity
Local Dermal Effects after Repeated Exposure
Water-activated Toxicity Hazards
Toxic Gas Mixtures
Etc.

Danger

TDG

Liquid: slightly toxic

Solid: NC

EU

Harmful

US

Toxic

Canada

Toxic

Australia

Harmful

India

Non toxic

Japan

Toxic

Malaysia

Harmful

Thailand

Harmful

New Zealand

Hazardous

China

Not dangerous

Korea

Toxic

GHS: Endpoints
I. Endpoints covered
Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment
Acute Toxicity

Skin Irritation/Corrosion
Eye Irritation/Corrosion
Respiratory Irritation
Aspiration Hazard
Narcotic Effects Hazards
Sensitisation
Germ Cell Mutagenesis
Reproduction Toxicity
Carcinogenesis
Specific Target Organ Systemic Toxicity
Chemical Mixtures

GHS: Expectations

GHS provides common basis for classification for

all systems

GHS provides single Hazard Communication for

supply/transport

Initially differences will be seen in the hazard

communication

GHS will not be harmonised at first

GHS classification criteria for health and

environmental effects have familiar elements but
affect all existing systems

II. Endpoints to be covered

Hazardous to the Terrestrial Environment
Neurotoxicity

GHS

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GHS: Expectations

Building Block Approach

Existing data and information can be used for

classification no testing requirements

Expert judgment in weight of evidence approach may be

needed in classification

GHS will have optionality to facilitate countries with

existing systems to make the transition to the GHS:

Building Block Approach

Competent Authority Options
Cut-offs for Mixture Hazard Communication

Building Block Optionality* (Paras. 1.1.3.1.5.1 to 1.1.3.5.3)

Component
Hazard Classes
Hazard Categories
Label Elements
Pictograms
Signal words
Hazard Statements
Precautionary Statements
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

Optional
Yes
Yes (subject to certain rules)
No (but see exceptions below)
Exception Transport (see 1.4.1.5)
Exception Transport (see 1.4.1.5)
Exception Transport
Yes (Not used by Consumers
or Transport Sectors)

* Building Block Approach application is under discussion at the UN SCE GHS

Pictograms

Impact on labelling: Current EU labelling

Artikelbezeichnung:

Chargen-Nr. / Partie-Nr. / Lot-Nr.:

Desmodur N 75 MPA/X

0215,00 kg B01

(SAP)-Lieferungs- und Positionsnummer Abgeber:

Auftrags-Nummer Abgeber:

2006004567/ 012

FLAMMABLE

Adresse Abgeber:

EXPLOSIVE

GAS UNDER
PRESSURE
CORROSIVE

OXIDISING

DANGEROUS
TO THE
ENVIRONMENT

ACUTELY
TOXIC

SERIOUS
HEALTH
EFFECTS

MILDER
HEALTH
EFFECTS

Company/Branding Information

00546872
Netto-Gewicht (kg):

215,00 kg

Geb. D 604, LS LEV SCM SIS

D-51368 Leverkusen

Brutto-Gewicht (kg):

Adresse Empfnger:

Bestell-Nr. Kunde:

Sumitomo Bayer Urethane Co. Ltd.

13-26, Kukuchi, 3 Chome
Amagasaki, Hyogo Pref. 661; Japan

Artikel-Nr. Empfnger:

Yokohama

230,50 kg
1234567890
1234567890
Packmittelbezeichnung:

Rollsickenfass
Bayer Material-Nummer (02) / Chargen-Nummer (10) / Gewicht (3102) :

NVE (Nummer der Versandeinheit)

Made in Germany
WGK

LGK

8a

Lfd. Gebinde-Nr.: Stapelbarkeit:

01

Gefahrenhinweise / UN-Nr.:

UN 1866

Proper-Shipping-Name:
123456789012345678901234578901234567890
Resin-Solution
Resin-Solution
Resin-Solution
Resin-Solution
Zusatzinformationen / freies Textfeld:
Handle with care !
Do not throw !
1234567890123456789012345678901234567890
c/o Mr. Takeo Misushima
Telephone: 1234-56789-31

Gesundheitsschdlich
Harmful
Nocif

Leicht entzndlich
Flammable Inflammable

enthlt Xylol / 2-Methoxy-1-methyl-ethylacetat

Entzndlich, gesundheitsschdlich beim Einatmen und

Berhrung mit der Haut. Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
Bei Berhrungen mit den Augen sofort grndlich mit
Wasser absplen und Arzt konsultieren. Nur in gut
gelfteten Bereichen verwenden.
contains xylene / 2-methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate

GB

Flammable. Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin.

Irritating to eyes and skin.
In cases of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with
plenty of water and seek medical advice. Use only in well
ventilated areas.
contient du xylne / actate de 2-mthoxy-1-mthylthyl

TransportInformation
1.4.10.5.2(d)(i)

Commercial Information

Impact on hazard communication

4,4-Diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA)
UN2651, Division 6.1 Packing Group II
612-051-00-1; R45, R68, R39/23/24/25, R43, R48/20/21/22, R51/53

Supply

PRODUCT ABC

Inflammable. Nocif par inhalation et par la contact avec

la peau. Irritant pour les yeux et la peau.
En cas de contact avec les yeux, lavez immdiatement
et abondamment avec de leau et consulter un spcialiste.
Utiliser seulement dans les zones bien ventilles.

Bayer AG, D-51368 Leverkusen, Tel. + 49 (0) 214-30-99300

Impact on labelling: GHS labelling

GHS Label 1.4.10.5.4.1

Artikel-Nr. Abgeber:

Bayer AG

via

LL 01-1234
Warenursprung:

2010004158

Transport

Manufactured by

Company XYZ
Product Information/Use Instructions
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Other Information

GHS Product Identifier (1.4.10.5.2(d)(i))

[GHS Chemical Identities (1.4.10.5.2(d)(ii))]
GHS Signal Word (1.4.10.5.2(a))
GHS Hazard Statement (1.4.10.5.2(b))
GHS Hazard Statement (1.4.10.5.2(b))
GHS Precautionary Statement (1.4.10.5.2(c))
GHS Precautionary Statement (1.4.10.5.2(c))
GHS Precautionary Statement (1.4.10.5.2(c))
GHS Supplier Identifier (1.4.10.5.2(e))
GHS Supplemental Information (1.4.6.3)
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Phenol
UN1671 (Solid), UN2312 (Molten), Division 6.1 Packing Group II
604-001-00-2; R68, R23/24/25, R34, R48/20/21/22

Supply

Transport

UNXXXX & Proper

Shipping Name

GHS Supplemental Information 1.4.10.5.4.2

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Inventory & Storage of Chemicals

What can you say about the situation
in the next photo
Is it a reflection of good inventory and
storage of chemicals?

Chemical Storage

51

This section will first discuss general considerations

and requirements for chemical storage.
Next, it will provide specific information for the
storage of chemicals by hazard class.

Chemical Storage- requirements

52

There must be an inventory list of hazardous

chemicals.
Chemical containers must be labeled with a
minimum of chemical name, hazard warnings and
target organs.
Containers shall be dated when received and
opened. Accompanying material safety data
sheets must be kept.

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Chemical Storage

53

Plan ahead for spills, accidents or emergencies.

Be aware of special storage conditions such
as temperature, relative humidity or limited
shelf life.
Segregate chemicals by hazard class or
compatibility.

General considerations
If available, use ventilated cabinets for volatile
toxics and odoriferous chemicals.
Use approved flammable storage cabinets for
flammable liquids.
Use secondary containers or trays for corrosives
and toxic solvents.

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55

General considerations

56

General considerations

When refrigerating flammables, only use

refrigerators specifically designed for flammable
materials.
Do not store food in chemical storage
refrigerators.
Label chemical storage refrigerators with the
following:
No Food Chemical Storage Only

Avoid storing liquid chemicals above eye level.

Avoid storing chemicals in aisle ways.
Avoid over stocking shelves.
Avoid storing heavy containers above shoulder level.
Avoid storing chemicals in fume hoods or on counter
tops.
Avoid storing chemicals near sources of heat or in
direct sunshine.

Chemical Storage Hazard Class

57

At a minimum, chemicals should be segregated as:

Corrosives

Chemical Storage Corrosives

58

Store concentrated acids and bases

separately.
H+

Oxidizers

OH-

Keep corrosives away from organic

chemicals and combustible materials.

Flammable Liquids
Poisons or Toxic Chemicals

Use secondary catch basins for concentrated

acids and bases.

Reactive (water or time sensitive)

Chemical Storage Reactive

Chemical Storage Reactive

Examples of reactive chemicals would include, but not be

limited to:

Consult the MSDS and labels for storage information.

59

Water reactive chemicals.

Pyrophors, which react with air.
ETHER

Peroxide forming chemicals, which

form shock sensitive explosives.

60

Bring only quantities needed for immediate use into

the laboratory.
Date all reactive chemicals as soon as they are
received.
Do not open material after the expiration date.

10

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61

Store pyrophoric chemicals away from flammables.

Store perchloric acid away from reducing agents.

Store perchloric acid bottles in glass or ceramic
trays.
Store peroxidizable materials away from heat and
light.

Summary
Learn the meaning of labels on the containers of
chemicals.
Understand the MSDS of chemicals before using
them
Store the chemicals in the right places
Keep the workplace/laboratory in good order

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