Automotive

Navigator

Contents
Automotive
Navigator
Navigate To The Automotive Industry
By Thailand Automotive Institute

Contents

4
(.)
4

10110
: 0 2712 2414
: 0 2712 2415
E-mail : marketing@thaiauto.or.th
website : www.thaiauto.or.th

02
03
12

Automotive Industry
Statistics
& Trends
Overview of Thai Automotive Industry

28

Techno
Focus
Reduce Pollution

President Talk

as of Year 2013 (Jan-Jun)

Cars Delivery News

21

Auto
Smart
Ethanol Fuel Technology

for Substitution of DIESEL (Part 1)

, ,
, ,
,
, ,
, ,
,

of Gasolenes Exaust Gas

by using Electronics Air Cleaner

32
36

Train the Trainer

TWI JI the Grafted on
Development to Enhance
Technique of Coaching

Testing Standards
The Testing of Inner tube
for Motorcycle as dened
by TIS 683-2530

: 0 2712 2414 6300-6303

. . . .
: 0 2708 1910

Automotive Navigator Magazine





Automotive Navigator Magazine
www.thaiauto.or.th

41

Way to SUCCESS

Adaptation of Thai SMEs in the era

of globalization

49

Auto
Discuss
The Impact Evaluation of Eurozone Crisis
and Cancellation the Generalized System
of Preferences (GSP) of EU to
Thai Automotive Exported Product

President Talk

Talk
By Dr. Patima Jeerapaet
TAIs President

16

3 .. 2555 - 2559

2556 15

Throughout 16 months as the president of

Thailand Automotive Institute (TAI) I am proud to
be a part of strategic and tactic determination
for automotive development and published
Master Plan for Automotive Industry 20122016, which is the significant dynamic to drive
Thai automotive industry to the gate of ASEAN.
TAI played a major role to support and provide
more conveniences to individual importer for
having their imported automobile and motorbike;
a.k.a. grey market, inspection/testing. TAI has
cooperated with Thai Industrial Standards Institute
(TISI) in setting up the ad hoc operation center
that provides service with systematically, truthfully
and accountably.
Furthermore, the auspicious occasion is
coming to us this September, the 15th anniversary
of establishment. At present, TAI is being
develop to further step by seeking technology
and innovation as well as generating new
knowledge in order to upgrade standard of Thai
automotive industry and be accepted worldwide. I foresee TAI is institute of the nation
that manipulates the standard of automotive,
human resource development and R&D
to be recognized, internationally.

Automotive Navigator
Magazine -
2556

Train The Trainer

Testing Standards

This issue, we present you assorted

informativeness; for instance, Evaluation of
effects of European crisis and GPS cancellation
to Thailands automotive export as well as the
Summary of automotive industry condition
during the 1st half year. There are also human
resource development article in the column of
Train The Trainer, Standard of tire testing in
Testing Standards. You are welcome to
explore more in this issue. Please, enjoy your
reading.

Automotive Industry Statistics & Trends

Overview of
Thai Automotive
Industry as of Year
2013 (Jan-Jun)
2556 ( - )

- 2556
1,340,959
2555 26
740,795
22
2555

(CBU)
1,194,606 11
2555
1,097,970
1
2555

534,366 17
2555
(CBU
CKD) 463,605 9
2555
CBU 160,674 CKD
302,931

113,161
7
2555
89,914 13,333
8,744
730
440

() -
2556

508,191
8 2555
248,282
16 22,013
13
237,896 1

228,639 9,257

321,452
9 2555
28,355
24 3,634
123 289,463
14
279,903 9,560

2556
(..-..) 186,739

4 2555
Overview of Thai automotive industry as
of Jan-Jun 2013, the total number of automobile
production is 1,340,959 units, which is increased
26% from the same period of last year. On the
other hand, the total number of domestic sale
is 740,795 units or 22% increasing from last year
by which passenger car take the highest market
share. The total production of motorcycle in
CBU is 1,194,606 units, decreasing 11%, while the
total domestic sale volume is 1,097,970 units,
decreasing 1% compared to the same period of
previous year.

Total export number of automobile is

534,366 units or rising up 17% and motorcycles
(CBU & CKD) is 463,605 units, increasing 9% from
the same period of year 2012 (CBU = 160,674
units and CKD = 302,931 sets)
Total export value of auto parts, based
on operators records, is 113,161 MB, 7% more than
last year (OEM = 89,914 MB, Engine = 13,333 MB,
Spare part = 8,744 MB, JIG & DIE = 730 MB and
Others = 440 MB).
During the first half year (Jan-Jun, 2013),
based on the Customs Departments data, the
total export value of automotive and auto part
items is 508,191 MB or increasing 8%, by which
248,282 MB is the value of automobile export or
rising up 16%, while 22,013 MB is from exporting
motorcycle, expanding 13%. However, the value
of auto part export reduced 1% with the value
at 237,896 MB (automobile part = 228,639 MB and
motorcycle part = 9,257 MB)
The total import value of automotive and
auto part is 321,452 MB, 9% increasing from last
year by which automobile = 28,355 MB (reducing
24%), Motorcycle = 3,634 MB (123% escalation)
and auto part = 289,463 MB (expanding 14%);
automobile part = 279,903 MB and motorcycle
part = 9,560 MB.
As a result, the automotive trade balance
as of Jan-Jun 2013 has greater value of export
than import at 186,739 MB. The trade surplus is
increased 4% from the same period of last year.


2556
1.

2556 (..-.)
1,340,959
592,101 1
719,887 (
1 ) 28,971
2555 26

65

740,795 22

50 1
44
( 1 ) 6

( 2-4)

371,666 40
2555

2,501-3,000 cc 24
3,001 cc 1
1,500 cc
2,001-2,500 cc
46

1,500 cc 70

1
326,947 7
2555 1
4
113,957 9
1 2
182,500 8
(PPV)
30,490 4
(
1 )
1
5
41,933

2555 22
5
53
8

There are 740,795 units of automobile

have been sole domestically, growing 22%. The
passenger car is the highest sale or 50%, 44% for
1-ton pick-up truck and 6% for commercial car
(excluded 1-ton pick-up truck). In Table 4, it
shows number of automobile domestic sale in
each type
Passenger car 371,666 units are domestic
sale, growing 40% compared to previous year.
It is noticeable that most sizes of passenger car
are increased, except 2,501-3,000 cc and 3,001
up which reducing 24% and 1%, respectively.
In the meantime, passenger car with capacity
not over 1,500 cc and 2,001-2,500 cc are ranked
in topmost position with the growth rate at 46%
by which the capacity not over 1,500 cc is the
highest sale volume and takes 70% of this market
sector.
1 ton Pick-up truck has been sold for
326,947 units, rising 7% compared to last year in
the same period. 113,957 unit of 1 ton pick-up
truck with 4-door sold, which is the highest
increasing rate, 9%. Meanwhile, the total sale
volume of 1 ton pick-up truck with 2-door is
182,500 units, 8% growth rate, and PPVs has
been dropped down 4% or 30,490 units.
Commercial car (excluded 1 ton Pick-up
truck) is referred to Truck < 1-ton, Truck < 5-ton,
Larger truck, Van and Bus. There are 41,933 units
sold, which increases 22%. The truck < 5-ton is
the topmost growth rate at 53% while Van is the
undermost with sale growth rate only 8%.

Automotive Industry
condition as of
Jan - Jun 2013
1. Passenger car

During Jan-Jun 2013, there are 1,340,959

units of total automobile manufacturing which
increases 26% from last year by which Passenger
car = 592,101 units, 1-ton Pick-up truck = 719,887
units and Commercial car (excluded 1-ton
pick-up truck) = 28,971 units. The highest growth
rate; 65%, belongs to passenger car.

Table 1: Total Number of Thailands Automobile Production as of 2007 - 2013 by type

Items

2012

2013

957,623

358,622

592,101

65.10%

670,734 1,066,759

899,200 1,452,252

682,247

719,887

5.52%

15,202

20,608

20,428

28,971

41.82%

999,378 1,645,304 1,457,795 2,453,717 1,061,297 1,340,959

26.35%

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Passenger car

315,444

401,474

313,442

554,387

537,987

1 ton pick-up
Commercial car
(excld 1 ton pick-up)
Total

948,380

974,775

23,522

17,780

Increase/Decrease (%)

1,287,346 1,394,029
8.36%

8.29%

-28.31%

24,158
64.63%

Remark(s): Double Cab and PPV are included in the 1-ton pick-up truck
Source: Automotive Intelligent Unit

Unit (S)
% Change

-11.40%

43,842
68.32%

Jan - Jun Jan - Jun 2013 / 2012

Table 2: Total Number of Thailands Automobile Domestic Sale as of Year 2007 - 2013 by Type
Items

2012

2013

694,234

266,038

371,666

39.70%

52,611

74,132

34,485

41,933

21.60%

387,793

365,848

667,532

305,867

326,947

6.89%

437

153

249

0.00%

615,269

548,871

800,357

796,123 1,436,335

606,543

740,795

22.13%

-2.53%

-10.79%

45.82%

-0.53%

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

182,767

239,954

238,773

362,561

377,664

42,619

41,033

34,206

50,003

405,865

334,282

275,892

Total

631,251

Increase/Decrease (%)

-7.46%

Passenger car
Commercial car
(excld 1 ton pickup truck)
1 ton pickup truck
Others

Unit (S)
% Change

Jan - Jun Jan - Jun 2013 / 2012

80.42%

Source(s): Automotive Intelligent Unit

Table 3: Comparison the Number of Automobile Domestic Sale by each types market

178,323
50,962
20,342
10,170
483
106
5,652
266,038
169,552
104,644
31,671
305,867
13,109
143
4,012
5,818
3,467
7,752
184
34,485
153

261,069
59,348
28,265
14,850
367
105
7,662
371,666
182,500
113,957
30,490
326,947
12,088
150
4,780
8,915
4,447
11,017
536
41,933
249

% Change
2013 / 2012
46.40%
16.46%
38.95%
46.02%
-24.02%
-0.94%
35.56%
39.70%
7.64%
8.90%
-3.73%
6.89%
-7.79%
4.90%
19.14%
53.23%
28.27%
42.12%
191.30%
21.60%
62.75%

606,543

740,795

22.13%

Jan - Jun 12

Passenger car

1 Ton
pick-up

Other
Commercial
Vehicle

Others

650-1,500 cc.
1,501-1,800 cc.
1,801-2,000 cc.
2,001-2,500 cc.
2,501-3,000 cc.
3,001 cc. UP
Others
Total
2 Doors
4 Doors
PPC
Total
Van
Bus
Pick-up < 1 ton
Truck < 5 ton
Truck 5-10 ton
Truck >10 ton
Others
Total
Total

Total Grand sale

Unit (S)

Jan - Jun 13

Source : Automotive Intelligent Unit

5

Table 4: Comparison the Proportion of Automobile Domestic Sale by type

Jan - Jun 12
Volume
Sale proportion
266,038
43.86%

Items
Passenger car
Commercial vehicle
(excld 1 ton pick-up)
1 Ton pick-up

Jan - Jun 13
Volume
Sale proportion
371,666
50.17%

Unit(s)
% Change
2013 / 2012
39.70%

34,485

5.69%

41,933

5.66%

21.60%

305,867

50.43%

326,947

44.13%

6.89%

Others

153

0.03%

249

0.03%

62.75%

Total

606,543

100.00%

740,795

100.00%

Remark(s): PPV is included in the 1-ton pick-up truck

Proportion of Automobile Domestic Sales
as of Jan - Jun 2012

1 Ton pick up

Passenger car

50.43%

43.86%

Proportion of Automobile Domestic Sales

as of Jan - Jun 2013

1 Ton pick-up

Commercial vehicle
(Exclude 1 Ton pick-up)

Source: Automotive Intelligent Unit

50.17%
Commercial vehicle
(Exclude 1 Ton pick-up)

5.69%

2556
(..-..)
( 5)
534,366
2555 17
240,815
2555 11

( 11)
248,282
2555 16

150,845
2555 1
89,153
2555 61
2556 (..-..)

28,355
2555 24

Passenger car

44.13%

5.66%

18,357
2555 22
9,998
2555 28

2.
2556
(..-..)
1,194,606 11
2555


1,017,259 16
177,347 39
Based on operators record (Table 5)
reveals that total number of Thai automobile
export as of Jan-Jun 2013 is 534,366 units, 17%
growing from last year with value of 240,815 MB
which is increased 11% from year 2012.
Whereas, the Customs Departments data
(Table 11) shows the total value of automobile
export is 248,282 MB, increasing 16% from 2012.

The highest export value belongs to van and

pick-up truck which has value altogether at
150,845 MB or 1% increases from last year.
Passenger car is the runner up with the value at
89,153 MB or growing 61% from the same period
of last year.
The Customs Departments data also
indicates that total import value of automobile
as of Jan-Jun 2013 is 28,355 MB or reducing 24%.
Passenger car is the highest import value at
18,357 MB, but decreasing 22%. For import value
of bus and truck is lessen 28% with value at
9,998 MB.

2. Motorcycle
The total manufacturing of motorcycle
as of Jan-Jun 2013 is 1,194,606 units, 11% less
than in year 2012. The total production of family
typed has dropped down 16% at 1,017,259 units,
while the total production of sport type increases
39%, 177,347 units.

Table 5: Total Number and Value of Automobile Export as of Year 2007-2013

Items
Volume (Units)
Value (MB)

Unit: Unit (s) and MB

2012

2013

Jan - Jun

Jan - Jun

457,049

534,366

%
Change
2013 /
2012
16.92%

306,595.20 351,640.71 251,342.99 404,659.37 343,383.92 490,134.74 217,184.62 240,814.72

10.88%

2007
690,100

2008
776,241

2009
535,563

2010
895,855

2011
735,627

2012
1,026,671

% of Change (Units)

28.04%

12.48%

-31.01%

67.27%

-17.89%

39.56%

16.92%

% of Change (MB)

27.34%

14.69%

-28.52%

61.00%

-15.14%

42.74%

10.88%

Source : Automotive Intelligent Unit

Table 6: Total Number of Motorcycle Production as of Year 2007-2013
Types

Unit (s)

% Change
2012
2013 /
2012
Jan - Nov Jan - Nov
2,348,642 1,217,017 1,017,259 -16.41%
2012

2013

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Family

1,563,789

1,768,393

1,511,238

1,921,880

1,871,296

Sport

90,196

155,922

124,011

105,038

174,872

257,519

127,782

177,347

38.79%

Total

1,653,985

1,924,315

1,635,249

2,026,918

2,046,168

2,046,168

1,344,799

1,194,606

-11.17%

-20.65%

16.34%

-15.02%

23.95%

0.95%

0.95%

% of Change

Source : Automotive Intelligent Unit

2556
(..-..) 1,097,970
1
2555
74
19 3

The growth rate of motorcycles domestic

sale volume during Jan-Jun 2013 is 1,097,970
units, reducing 1%. Honda is the leader in this
market which takes 74%, followed by Yamaha
at 19% and Suzuki at 3%.

Table 7: Total Number of Motorcycle Domestic Sales as of Year 2013 by type

Types

2011

Family
Scooter
Sport
Total
% Y-O-Y

2012

962,888
974,244
70,252
2,007,384
8.74%

989,114
1,062,456
78,497
2,130,067
6.11%

2012
Jan - Jun
516,383
550,111
39,530
1,106,024

2013
Jan - Jun
523,783
500,283
73,904
1,097,970

%
YTD

Unit (s)
1.43%
-9.06%
86.96%
-0.73%

Source : Automotive Intelligent Unit

Table 8: Total Number of Motorcycle Domestic
Sales as of Year 2013 by made
No.

Manufacturer

Market Share (%)

Honda

810,463

73.81%

Yamaha

211,901

19.30%

Suzuki

28,900

2.63%

Kawasaki

24,928

2.27%

Tiger

502

0.05%

Platinum

368

0.03%

JRD

0.00%

Others

20,908

1.90%

1,097,970

100.00%

Total

Source : Automotive Intelligent Unit

8

Volume (Units)

Unit (s)

( CBU CKD)
2556 (..-..) 463,605
CBU 160,674
CKD 302,931
17,220
2555
9 16
For total export number of motorcycle
(included CBU and CKD), during Jan-Jun 2013,
from operators report is 463,605 units, 9% of
growth rate, (CBU = 160,674 units and CKD =
302,931 sets) or 17,220 MB which is 16% greater
value than last year.

Table 9: Total Number of Motorcycle Export as of Year 2007-2013

Types

2010

2011

Change
2012
2013 %2013
Jan - Jun Jan - Jun 2012 /

2007

2008

1,789,485

1,255,212

588,398

816,427

1,213,002

856,935

426,402

463,605

8.72%

CBU

101,560

150,948

115,280

155,688

221,164

313,991

172,313

160,674

-6.75%

CKD

1,687,925

1,104,264

473,118

660,739

991,838

542,944

254,089

302,931

19.22%

CBU & CKD (MB)

41,653.80

26,551.97

19,331.31

25,013.18

24,351.92

29,659.88

14,897.04

17,219.62

15.59%

CBU & CKD (Units)

2009

Unit: (s)

2012

Source : Automotive Intelligent Unit

Table 10: Total Export Value of Auto Parts as of Year 2007-2013 by type
Types

Unit: MB

2012
2013
% Change
Jan - Jun Jan - Jun 2013 / 2012

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Engine

10,504.24

18,029.29

13,266.37

21,610.40

26,669.68

26,991.95

14,595.19

13,333.20

-8.65%

Spare part

7,651.20

11,007.04

12,531.85

14,451.09

16,438.75

20,116.53

9,625.83

8,743.53

-9.17%

JIG & DIE

662.29

2,121.94

994.10

1,304.38

1,682.21

1,720.91

680.46

730.12

7.30%

86,225.42 141,422.74 136,450.30 168,541.97

79,508.14

89,913.79

13.09%

1,779.61

440.45

-75.25%

132,516.57 164,929.39 113,408.39 179,350.25 183,680.36 219,681.65 106,189.23 113,161.09

6.57%

OEM and part

112,341.88 132,813.68

Others
Total

1,356.96

957.44

390.65

561.64

2,439.42

2,310.29

Source : Automotive Intelligent Unit

3.
2556
(..-..)
( 10)
113,161
2555 7

89,914
13
730
7 440
75

2556 (..-..)
( 11)
237,896
2555 1
228,639
9,257

97,636

21 5

2556 (..-..)
( 11)
289,463
2555 14
279,903
9,560


161,838

3. Auto Part
Considering from the operators record
(Table 10), total export value of auto part as of
Jan-Jun 2013 increases 7% or 113,161 MB from
last year. The highest export value is OEM and
part with value at 89,914 MB or 13% increasing,
followed by JIG & DIE with the value of 730 MB
or 7% up. For other is dropped down by 75% with
value at 440 MB.

Based on the Customs departments

data (Table 11) shows that total export value of
auto part in 2013 (Jan-Jun) is 237,896 MB which
is lessen 1% by which automotive part = 228,639
MB and motorcycle part = 9,257 MB. The highest
export value is other parts and accessories at
97,636 MB. As a result from the Eurozone crisis
causes the reduction in export value of Ignition
wiring sets used in vehicles and Pneumatic tires
and inner tubes of rubber, 21% and 5% lower
than last years, respectively.
On the other hand, the total import value
of auto part in 2013 (Jan-Jun) is 289,463, 14%
increasing from the previous year (Table 11).
The import value of automotive part is 279,903
MB and motorcycle part is 9,560 MB. The highest
import value belongs to Parts and accessories;
including, chassis and bodies with value at
161,838 MB.

4.

2556 (..-..) 186,739 2555

178,855 4

4. International Trade Balance

Export-Import trade balance of automotive and auto part as of Jan-Jun 2013 has total value at 186,739 MB, 4% increasing from last year which had
total value at 178,855 MB.
Table 11: Total Export-Import Value of Thai Automotive and Auto Part as of year 2008 -2013
code

List
Export: Automotive & Auto part (1 - 3)

2012

2012
2013
Jan - Jun Jan - Jun

MB Growth %

2012

2013
Jan - Jun

2008

2009

2010

2011

708,773.84

543,822.32

779,56.52

780,944.07

1,010,349.10

472,571.51

508,190.61

29.38

7.54

60.64

321010100

(1.1) Passenger car

165,895.03

132,673.19

214,109.94

182,000.66

153,127.09

55,497.21

89,153.49

-15.86

321010200

(1.2) Van and Pick-up

148,745.45

92,027.44

152,882.99

134,269.09

323,127.56

148,782.34

150,845.28

140.66

1.39

321010300

(1.3) Bus and Truck

32,522.06

27,750.49

31,416.07

26,610.32

18,095.12

9,471.20

8,283.04

-32.00

-12.55

346,163.54

252,451.12

398,409.00

342,880.06

494,349.78

213,750.75

248,281.80

44.18

16.15

(1) Total export of automobile

321020100

(2.1) Motorcycle

16810.29

16,767.95

17,218.78

18,961.55

30.241.27

16,955.04

18,601.67

59.49

9.71

321020201

(2.2) CKD for Motorcycle

5,082.21

2,848.80

2,874.03

5,821.80

5,244.69

2,457.36

3,411.47

-9.91

38.83

21,892.51

19,616.75

20,092.81

24,783.35

35,485.96

19,412.39

22,013.14

43.18

13.40

(2) Total export of motorcycle

321040000

(3.1) Spark- ignition reciprocating internal

combustion piston engines and parts thereof

69,492.99

53,538.67

79,28.43

88,771.56

99,018.81

49,487.13

488,858.17

11.54

-1.27

343100000

(3.2) Transmission shafts and cranks

6,852.02

5,047.53

7,390.44

8,879.67

10,019.51

4,645.54

4,578.31

12.84

-1.45

321050000

(3.3) Electrical equipment for spark ignition

internal combustion engines and parts thereof

6,691.67

4,821.08

7,243.18

7,466.18

11,706.30

5,776.03

5,839.32

56.76

1.10

321010404

(3.4) Ignition wiring sets used in vehicles

13,092.13

9,880.13

13,451.15

13.205.82

14,571.00

7,702.41

6,087.25

10.34

-20.97

303160000

(3.5) Electric accumulators and parts thereof

7,787.81

6,537.84

8,043.98

8,477.20

21,921.90

11,070.00

10,541.47

158.60

-4.77

317010000

(3.6) Pneumatic tyres and innertubes of rubber

68,957.10

64,280.00

84,765.72

114,301.24

107,645.99

55,290.74

52,397.11

-5.82

-5.23

336030000

(3.7) Safety glass and glass mirrors

5,168.36

4,277.96

4,808.47

4,752.66

5,396.45

2,667.90

2,700.76

13.55

1.23

321010405

(3.8) Other parts and accessories for motor vehicles

143,923.98

108,078.29

139,303.85

147,026.15

191,779.10

93,563.89

97,636.20

30.44

4.35

321020202

(3.9) Other parts and accessories for motor

motorcycles

18,752.73

15,292.95

17,167.49

20,400.19

18,454.29

9,204.73

9,257.07

-9.54

0.57

340,718.79

271,754.45

361,454.72

413,28.66

480,513.36

239,408.37

237,895.67

16.27

-0.63

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

277,797.64

224,444.40

370,123.09

395,416.32

669,113.12

293,716.30

321,451.97

69.22

9.44

(3) Total export of auto part

code

List
Import: Automotive & Auto part (1-3)

2012
2013
Jan - Jun Jan - Jun

2012

2013
Jan - Jun

501000000

(1.1) Passenger motorcars

15,495.99

14,948.63

25,278.46

26,699.30

43,736.01

23,643.91

18,356.63

63.81

-22.36

502010000

(1.2) Buses and Trucks

16,406.14

12,709.52

20,453.89

24,821.71

29,362.38

13,816.86

9,997.92

18.29

-27.64

(1) Total import of auto

31,905.13

27,658.15

45,732.35

51,521.01

73,098.39

37,460.77

28,354.55

41.88

-24.31

438.39

274.66

612.91

1,304.89

4,008.82

1,630.74

3,634.47

207.21

122.87

505000000 (2) Motorcycle

204030100

(3.1) Engines, transmission shafts and other parts

97,848.61

73,698.22

119,930.71

128,158.45

180,650.99

77,407.44

85,401.31

40.69

10.33

504020000

(3.2) Parts and accessories including chassis

and bodies

111,965.11

92,879.07

161,351.09

167,542.47

328,454.67

140.936.86

161,838.30

96.04

14.83

504010000

(3.3) Tyres

7,603.64

7,373.15

9,698.82

11,284.97

15,357.29

6,486.54

7,057.48

36.09

8.80

504030000

(3.4) Other parts and accessories

13,870.54

11,730.64

18,045.00

20,587.76

50,361.03

21,670.56

25,606.32

144.62

18.16

507000000

(3.5) Parts and accessories of motorcycles and

bicycles

14,166.23

10,830.50

14,752.20

15,016.77

17,168.88

8,123.40

9,559.55

14.33

17.68

(3) Total import of auto part

245,454.12

196,511.59

323,777.82

342,590.42

591,992.86

254,624.80

289,462.95

72.80

13.68

Export - Import

430,976.20

319,377.92

409,833.44

385,527.75

341,235.98

178,855.21

186,738.64

-11.49

4.41

Source : By cooperative of Department of Trade Negotiations and the Customs department

10

3 (..-..) 2556
633,231
211,077
331,358
52 301,873
48
1
53
1,500 cc

31

2556

Tendency of Thai Automotive

Industry
It is expected that total Thai automobile
production in Q3 (Jul-Aug) will be 633,231 units
or 211,077 units/month. The proportion of
domestic sale to export will be 52:48 (Sale =
331,358 units Export = 301,873 units). The highest
number of production will be 1-ton pick-up
truck and PPV or 53% of total production; while
small passenger car ( 1,500 cc) and Eco car
will be produced 31%.

Alarm System of Automotive

Industry
Alarm System of Automotive Industry has
indicated that during the period of Jun-Sep
2013 would be normal. In general, the whole
aspect of Thai automotive industry will be
expanded, due to recent recovery of Business
Sentiment Index of UK, Commodity Channel
Index (CCI) of the US. and Composite index of
5 Asia countries as well as the expansion stage
of Thailands Consumer Price Index.

11

Cars Delivery News

Management team from MOI observed

the TISI-TAI cooperative center, testing
center, for imported car of individual
automotive importer, the collaboration
between TISI and TAI
. - .
13 2556 .

(
)


.

. - .
/
()
1 2556

12

(One Stop Service)

On June 13th, 2013, Dr. Patima Jeerapaet,

President of Thailand Automotive Institute (TAI),
opened house, the testing center at Bangpoo
industrial district, and welcomed the management
team from Ministry of Industry (MOI) leaded by
Mr. Piyachanok Limpapun, Advisor to Minister of
Industry, Dr. Witoon Simachokdee, Permanent
Secretary-MOI and press in order to visit and
verify the readiness of TAIs testing center in the

occasion of opening the TISI-TAI cooperative

center. The objective of this center is to inspect/
test in fully functions of automotive/vehicle
imported by individual automotive importer
(Grey market) on this July 1st, 2013. This is the
collaboration and co-worked between Thai
Industrial Standards Institute (TISI) and TAI to
support and provide one stop service for
importer in requesting the inspection service as
determined by laws and regulations, precisely
and quickly.

Operating observation at the cooperative

center, collaboration of TISI and TAI,
to inspect automotive and motorcycle
imported by individual importer

. - . /
5 2556
11.30 .


. - . /

(
)

2,909
1
740

638

124,000
49,000
1

4
80


8
10
On Friday 5th July, 2013 at 11. 30 am.,
Dr. Patima Jeerapaet, the President of Thailand
Automotive Institute (TAI) invited press to observe
the inspection of imported automotive and
motorcycle by individual importer at the
Cooperative Center, collaboration of Thai
Industrial Standards Institute (TISI) and TAI, TAIs
testing center, Bangpoo. He revealed that there
were 2,909 units had registered for the inspection.

However, by random sampling, 1 sample/model,

there were only 740 units required for testing
and 638 units had been done so far.
During this period, with special discount,
importer wil pay only 49,000 THB from the regular
charge at 124,000 THB. Moreover, if pass, importer
will receive the MA 6/1 from TISI for that model
which is valid 1 year and be applied to every
unit of the same model. As a consequence,
importer does not need to take every unit for
this inspection. Nevertheless, some operators
have not sent their requests to the center. It is
recommendation for all to have their vehicles
for inspection as stated by laws and regulations.
Additionally, Dr. Patima stated that, by
this October, TAI had increased capacity of
testing center by purchasing more equipment
for testing tire, 4-wd typed vehicle and such
alike with the budget of 80 Million THB. This was
also preparation for testing center to be ready
for AEC and driving ranking position of Thai
automotive industry from, now, 10th to 8th of the
world.
13

The MOU of Automotive Industry

Development for R&D, Testing and Human
Resource Development signing ceremony


27 2556 .

4


2

..

..

..
..

.

14

On June 27th, 2013, Dr. Witoon Simachokdee,
Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Industry (MOI),
as the Chairman of the board, honorable
attended the MOU of Automotive Industry
Development for R&D, Testing and Human
resource Development Signing Ceremony
among Thailand Automotive Institute (TAI), The
Army Research and Development Office (ARDO)
and 4 universities: Siam University (SU), Kasetsart
University (KU), King Mongkuts University of
Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) and King Mongkuts

Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL) at

Kamolthip room, 2nd fl., The Sukosol, Bangkok.
Maj. Gen. M.L. Raveewat Kasemsan President of the ARDO, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sakarindr
Bhumiratana - President of KMUTT, Prof. Dr. Tawil
Peuangma - President of KMITL, Asst. Prof.
Dr. Nimnuan Srichad - Vice President of SU and
Assoc. Prof. Siree Chaiseri - Vice President of KU
signed the MOU of Automotive Industry
Development for R&D, Testing and Human
resource Development to further step the Thai
automotive industry development.
Objective and mission of this collaboration
between TAI and ARDO are to cooperate in
academic R&D, which will increase more
capabilities; including, create innovation of
science and technology for country protection.
The collaboration is based on equivalence and
utilization of each partys resources, efficiently.
For academic cooperation among TAI
and SU, KU, KMUTT and KMITL, main purposes
are upgrading the capability of technical
engineering and other academic related,
supporting academic collaboration and
developing potentiality of technology and
engineering; for example, Automotive/
Mechanical/ Rail/ Aerospace engineering in
order to advance knowledge and further more
capability of student and human resource of
both parties along with extension of Thai
automotive industry development in the future.
This obligation of this MOU is another step
that reveals the ability of collaboration for new
research of automotive development and drives
Thailand to prosperity, sustainably, from now on.

Thailand Automotive Institute together with

Reed Tradex Co., Ltd. encourage operators
to be ready for the Green concept
by organizing Automotive Summit 2013 and
focusing to promote the environment friendly
technology

Automotive Summit 2013

20 2556

Automotive Summit 2013
Moving towards Global Green
Automotive Industry (
)

20-21 2556

AEC 2558

Automotive Summit 2013

Japan Automobile Research Institute
(JARI), European ASEAN Business Centre
(EABC), Automotive Co-operative Research
Centre (Auto CRC) Australia, AVL SEA & Australia

Automotive
Summit 2013

.. 2558
3

Automotive Summit 2013
Moving towards Global Green
Automotive Industry (
)
2013

Green Industry 20-21 2556

15

On June 20th, 2013, Thailand Automotive

Institute (TAI) cooperated with Reed Tradex Co.,
Ltd. (Reed) organized seminar as ASEAN level,
the Automotive Summit 2013 under the topic of
Moving towards Global Green Automotive
Industry in order to urge all sectors for developing
operators in Thai automotive industry and
increasing production efficiency by applying
the environment friendly technology. The event
was held on June 20th-21st, 2013 at BITEC, Bangna.
Dr. Witoon Simachokdee, Permanent
Secretary-Ministry of Industry, said that Ministry
of Industry (MOI) as the government agency
had a key mission to define policy and Thai
industry development strategy which would
support and promote enterprise in order to
enhance strength of industrial operators and
increase their competitiveness in the world
market as well as to explore the opportunity
and environment that attract investment and
business. Moreover, the mission would cause
balanced development with responsibilities to
consumer, community and society and generate
Thai industry to have more potential and
development strongly and sustainably. Besides,
this was preparation and readiness for becoming
ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in year 2015
which was the major factor that would strengthen
economy and ASEANs competitiveness in
international market; especially, the opening of
free trade area for product and service such as
aviation, automotive, electronics, information
technology and health.
16

Thus, there was academic seminar as

Automotive Summit 2013 by supporting and
collaborating from several units of the government
agencies; MOI, Ministry of Education (MOE),
Ministry of Transportation (MOT), and Academic
sector; chancellor, departmental chairmen and
faculty from leading universities across the
country; especially, well-known organizations
from local and international government and
private sectors, which were Japan Automobile
Research Institute (JARI) , European ASEAN Business
Centre (EABC), Automotive Co-operative Research
Centre (Auto CRC) Australia , AVL SEA & Australia,
The Federation of Thai Industries (FTI), The Thai
Automotive Industry Association (TAIA), Thai Autoparts Manufacturers Association (TAPMA),
Automotive manufacturers, Auto parts manufacturers and Reed. These were all major parts
for TAI to organize such this event in ASEAN level.
Mrs. Chureerut Suwanvithaya, Vice
president-TAI, told that the purpose of this
Automotive Summit 2013 under the topic of
Moving towards Global Green Automotive
Industry was to promulgate academic
knowledge of automotive and auto parts
industries, technology development, R&D and
Human resource development. These were key
parts to automotive industry enterprising, which
would generate advantages in country
development by increasing value added of
economy. As a result, it would engender revenue
from export, employment, connection among
many local manufacturing industry and other

supporting industries, as forecasted, there would

be up to 3 mil ion units of automotive production
in year 2015.
To accomplish the vision and objective
determined in Master Plan for Automotive
Industry 2012 - 2016, TAI and Reed had organized
the seminar Automotive Summit 2013 under the
topic of Moving towards Global Green
Automotive Industry which was a section event
in Manufacturing Expo 2013, the international
seminar of automotive industry, engineering
technology, human resource development in
automotive industry. It was the seminar that
covered all in automotive industry by inviting
executives and technology experts from
international and local leading organizations in
the industry and different well known organizations
to divulgate knowledge of automotive industry
as well as tendency of automotive technology
development for the adjustment of operator and
future investor to be ready, awaken and realized
the significant of Green Industry. The event was
held on June 20th-21st, 2013 at BITEC, Bangna.

Bangkok International

Auto Salon 2013

20 2556

Bangkok International
Auto Salon 2013

2-3

Bangkok
International Auto Salon 2013

100

On June 20 th , 2013, Mrs. Tasana

Piriyaprut, Vice President of Thailand Automotive
Institute (TAI), attended the opening of Bangkok

International Auto Salon 2013 event, the largest

modified car and automobile accessories show
in ASEAN held at Challenger hall 2-3, Impact
Muang Thong Thani. ADM. M.L. Usni Pramoj,
Privy Councilor, honorable presided at this event,
officially, along with Mr. Wiluck Lowthong,
Chairman of organizing event reported the
objective of event. Over 100 modified cars
imported from Japan and local were shown as
well as many car accessories.
17

SITEX

2013

The Collaboration and Unity Conduce

Industry towards Society
SITEX 2013
14 - 16 2556

SITEX 2013

-











18

During August 14th - 16th, 2013, Thailand

Automotive Institute (TAI) joined SITEX 2013, the
activity event organized by Bureau of Supporting
Industries Development (BSID) with cooperation
of the government and private sectors such as
Plastics Institute of Thailand, Thailand Textile
Institute, Electrical and Electronics Institute, Thai
- German Institute and several associations.
There were innovation and new invention
presented in this event with the concept of

The Collaboration and Unity Conduce Industry

towards Society. Mr. Korpchai Sungsitthisawadee,
Deputy Director - General of Department Industrial
Promotion presided at the event along with
Mr. Panuwat Triyangkulsri, Director of the Bureau
of Supporting Industries Development, Department
of Industrial Promotion, who reported the objective
of arranging this event.
For TAIs exhibition area, we presented
advanced automotive technology under the
concept of Electric Energy for Future Passenger
Bus, which is the innovation for future motor
vehicle that is friendly to the environment. This
was knowledge and information for operator in
automotive and related industries, student and
publics who also paid their interest and visited
our exhibition at BSID building, Soi Trimitr,
Kluaynamthai.

Visit Triumph to observe

the Big bike production
Triumph
21 2556 .


Triumph Motorcycles
(Thailand) Limited

Triumph


Dr. Patima Jeerapaet, President of Thailand
Automotive Institute (TAI), Mr. Vichai Jirathiyut,
Advisor to President of TAI, and management
team visited Triumph Motorcycles (Thailand)
Ltd. on August 21st, 2013 at Amata Nakorn Industrial Estate. By the warmth welcome from Mr.

Peter Coates, Operations Director, and Mr. Matt

Cox, Customs and Duty Manager, the group observed and walked through the production process of Triumphs bike. The host also asked some
questions from TAI about the investment measure in
Thailand as well as requested TAIs recommendation in what project Triumph should participate.

19

Preliminary Draft
the Standard of the Efficiency
Automotive Energy for future

28 2556











.. 2555 - 2559





20
20

On August 28th, 2013, Thailand Automotive

institute (TAI) with the support from Department
of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency,
Ministry of Energy organized a seminar Presentation the Summary Report of Preliminary Draft
of Ministerial Regulation and Notification on
determination the Standard of Efficiency Automotive
Energy at Landmark Ballroom, Landmark Hotel.

Mrs. Chureerut Suwanvithaya, Vice President

of TAI, introduced and presented Master Plan
for Automotive Industry 2012 - 2016 as well as
Mr. Poolsak Puwavichrenchai, Energy Conservation
Std. Director, Department of Alternative Energy
Development and Efficiency, Ministry of Energy,
presided over this seminar. He honorable gave
the opening speech and special keynote in the
topic of 20 years Energy Conservation Plan.
Mr. Virat Aja - apisit, Deputy Secretary General, Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI),
participated the seminar as the guest speaker
for Automotive Standard Policy and Environment.
Then, Project Management Consultant team
presented the summary report of project. In
additional to tokens of appreciation were given
to all 8 supported companies to present them
the gratitude. The seminar was a chance for
participant to share his point of view and
suggestion which would be applied to enhance
effectiveness of this project onwards.

Auto Smart

Ethanol Fuel Technology

for Substitution

ofPartDIESEL
1

1
.

yossapong@thaiauto.or.th

By Yossapong Laoonual, Ph.D.

Expert, Thailand Automotive Institute

Assistant Professor, King Mongkuts University of Technology Thonburi
yossapong@thaiauto.or.th

(CO2)

CO2

[1] 1

Introduction
In the early development of internal
combustion engine, petroleum was not widespread
like today. In fact, ethanol used to be one of
the major fuel until the revolution of petroleum
industry which was less expensive than ethanol.

Nevertheless, ethanol is the biofuel which is able

to produce from biomass that gives sugar or
starch. By taking feedstock into the process of
fermentation and distillation until it becomes
ethanol with different concentrations. Ideally it
can be assumed that carbon dioxide (CO2) is
not be produced from biofuel combustion since
CO2 wil be later consumed by plant as a cycle
(shown in Figure 1). As a result, many countries
have used ethanol as an alternative fuel in
transportation sector because it reduces the
greenhouse gases that caused the global
warming issue.

21

Figure 1 Carbon dioxide (CO2) cycle from production to the use of ethanol in automobiles [1]

..2528

[2]
..2537
E10

22

2

(Low Blend)
(High
Blend) 2
As well-known the high potential of ethanol
production in Thailand, sugar cane and cassava
is used to produce ethanol that is continuously
promoted to use as an alternative fuel of fossil
fuel in transportation sector. Since 1985, by His
Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadejs initiative,
one of the Royal Chitralada Agricultural Projects
within the compound of his residence, Chitralada
Villa which transformed the molasses from sugar
cane into ethanol, was begun to produce ethanol
as an alternative fuel because His majesty

concerned
the possibility
of fuel shortage
and low price of
sugar cane [2].
Later in 1994, there
was an experiment on
gasohol E10 (ethanol
blended with gasoline) that
initially tested with vehicles in the
Royal Chitralada projects. After that
the government has continuously
promoted the project of the usage of ethanol.
Therefore there are two types of using
ethanol as the alternative fuel based on
proportion of gasoline and diesel replacement
from low blend to high blend as shown in
Figure 2.

Figure 2 The use of ethanol from low to high blends (Modified from BEST Project [1]

99.5% (Anhydrous Ethanol)

E10 E20 E85 E
Ethanol
E20 20%
80%

E10

E20

E85

(E0) E85
FFV (Flexible Fuel Vehicle)

[3-4]

Ethanol Use in Gasoline

Engine
At present, most of Thai people who use
automobile and motorcycle are familiar with a
gasohol because it reduces the import of crude
oil and is environmental friendly. The gasohol is
the motor fuel that is blended between gasoline

and ethanol with concentration at 99.5%

(anhydrous ethanol) with different ratios called
E10, E20 or E85 which E is stand for ethanol and
the number is represent the proportion of
ethanol. For example, E20 means ethanol 20%
by volume and the rest is gasoline. Gasohol is
normally used with gasoline spark ignition
engine (using the spark plug). In general, E10
can be used with automobile and motorcycle that
sold in the current market and no modification
is required. New model of those vehicles available
on the market can mostly use gasohol E20 as
standard. There is flexible fuel vehicle (FFV) in
the market which can use different type of
gasohol, from pure gasoline (E0) to gasohol E85.

Ethanol Use in
Compression-ignition Engine
Ethanol can be used with the compressionignition engine which is not new concept to
some countries, but in Thailand, it is new and
been promoted mostly in forms of experiment
and demonstration projects. The proportion of
ethanol from low blend to high blend for the
compression-ignition engine is classified in the
following [3-4]:
23

 (Low
Blend)

(Solution)

(Emulsifier)
2
25%

[5]

(High Blend)





(Dual Fuel Injection)



90%

24

(Fumigation)

50%

(Spark Assisted Ignition)

100%

Low Blend Diesohol is the fuel that

ethanol as solution is directly mixed with the
diesel which is low diesel replacement because
fuel can be separated into layers when room
temperature decreases or it has been kept for
a long period of time. Thus increasing the
proportion of mixing ethanol is required to add
an emulsifier. Nevertheless, both approaches
can substitute diesel up to 25% since higher
ethanol cannot be mixed and stabilized in
diesel [5]

High Blend Due to the low Cetane

number of ethanol, ethanol has low ability of
autoignition. Thus, to increases the ethanol
blend, the ignition improvement is required by
following approaches:
Dual Fuel Injection is direct injection of
ethanol into combustion chamber and ignited
by pilot of diesel injection. This technique can
substitute the diesel with the ethanol up to 90%
because diesel is used for the ignition only. This
is also fumigation technique which ethanol is
evaporated in the intake manifold and diesel is
directly injected to the combustion chamber.
With this fumigation technique, diesel can be
substituted by ethanol up to 50%.
Spark Assisted Ignition can substitute
100% diesel but installation of spark assisted
ignition e.g. glow plug or spark plug is required.
Ethanol can be directly injected to the combustion
chamber or in the intake manifold where installed
spark plug on cylinder head is to assist ignition
in the initial combustion process until the
temperature in the combustion chamber is
higher enough and the spark assisted ignition is
no longer required.


(Ignition Improving Additive)

95%
ED95


ED95

ED95
ED95
Sekab

95% (Hydrous Ethanol)
95%

5%
100%

..2527 [6]
(Stockholm Public Transport,
SL) Sekab

ED
Etanoldrivmedel for Tunga Fordon
Ethanol
Dedicated for Heavy Duty Vehicle

Ignition Improving Additive is to improve

the ethanols ignition ability which is able to use
the ethanol up to 95% called ethanol ED95 in
Sweden. This technique is applied to use with
engine of city bus and large truck which the
specific engine is designed for the ethanol
ED95.

Ethanol ED95
The use of ED95 has been developed by
the Swedish company named, Sekab. Ethanol
ED95 is formed by mixing between 95% of hydrous
ethanol (ethanol with purity at 95%) and 5% of
additives composed of ignition improver, lubricant
and anti-corrosives. Through 100% substitution
by ethanol using with the compression-ignition
engine has been used since year 1984 by
Stockholm Public Transport, SL and corporative
with Scania and Sekab in Sweden. ED is
abbreviation of Swedish phrase Etanoldrivmedel
for Tunga Fordon or Ethanol Dedicated for
Heavy Duty Vehicle in English and the following
number refers to proportion of ethanol.

25

 ED95

800
..2549-2552

BioEthanol For Sustainable Transport (BEST)



.. 2553-2554

(Demonstration Project of
Thailands First Ethanol Bus)

1
1

2
ED95

As mention above ethanol ED95 is Dieselfree fuel. There is a strong promotion of ethanol
to replace diesel in Sweden, for example, no
permission for public diesel transport passing
through Stockholm. Nowadays, there is around
800 ethanol buses. During period of 2006-2009,
both Swedish government and private sectors
originated the project called BioEthanol for
Sustainable Transport (BEST) to demonstrate and
promote the ethanol in many countries in
Europe; including Brazil and China. For Thailand,
there was a project called Demonstration
Project of Thailands First Ethanol Bus between
2010-2011, operated by all related organization

of the government and private sectors and

sponsored by Energy Conservation Promotion
Fund to demonstrate the promotion of ethanol
use in public city bus as shown in Figure 3.

The conclusion of part 1

This article part 1 has summarized in
ethanol fuel technology, technique and
approach of gasoline substitution which is used
extensively, including the potential of diesel
replacement. In Thailand, ethanol has been
widely used as the substitute fuel in transportation
sector. The part 2 of this article will present
details of ethanol fuel and engine technology
for substitution of diesel showing the potential
and capability of ethanol ED95 use for benefits
of Thailand.

Ethanol
26


1. BioEthanol For Sustainable Transport
(2010) Results and Recommendations from the
European BEST Project ISBN 978-91-85125-40-1,
Sweden
2.


http://kanchanapisek.or.th/
kp1/semiprofit/semiprofit.html 17
.. 2556
3. Ecklund, E., E., Bechtod, R., L., Timbario,
T., J., and Mccallum, P., W. (1984). State-of-theArt Report on the Use of Alcohols in Diesel
Engines. SAE Paper No. 840118.
4. , ,
, ,
,

ED95

26 2555

5. Jackson, M., M., Corkwell, C., K., and

Degroote C., C. (2003). Study of Diesel and
Ethanol Blends Stability SAE paper No. 2003-013191.
6. Egeback K., E. (1993). Experiences Form
the Use of Ethanol for Heavy Duty Compression
Ignition Engines, SAE paper No. 931630.

Bibliography
1. BioEthanol for Sustainable Transport
(2010) Results and Recommendations from the
European BEST Project ISBN 978-91-85125-40-1,
Sweden
2. The Royal Chitralada Projects, SemiProfit Project: the Ethanol and Diesohol Production, prepared by Public relations department,
http://kanchanapisek.or.th/kp1/semiprofit/semiprofit.html , information as of February 17th,
2013
3. Ecklund, E., E., Bechtod, R., L., Timbario,
T., J., and Mccallum, P., W. (1984). State-of-theArt Report on the Use of Alcohols in Diesel Engines. SAE Paper No. 840118.
4. Nilaphai, O., Bavornsethanan. S.,
Kaewtatip, P., and Laoonual, Y. (2012) Preliminary

Evaluation of Fuel Economy of the First ED95

Ethanol Bus in Thailand, The 26th Conference on
Mechanical Engineering Network of Thailand
(ME-NETT), Dusit Thani Hotel, Chiang Rai, Thailand,
24-27 October. (in Thai)
5. Jackson, M., M., Corkwell, C., K., and
Degroote C., C. (2003). Study of Diesel and
Ethanol Blends Stability SAE paper No. 2003-013191.
6. Egeback K., E. (1993). Experiences Form
the Use of Ethanol for Heavy Duty Compression
Ignition Engines, SAE paper No. 931630.

ED95
27

Techno focus

Reduce Pollution

of Gasolenes Exaust Gas

by using Electronics Air Cleaner

38 10160 0-2457-0068, 0-2457-3982
E-mail: Artorn33 @ Hotmail.com

CO
26.22% CO2
6.06% O2
47.39% HC
39.66%

28

Abstract

Artorn
Thaicharoen, Amornthep Tovarapa
Department of Automotive Engineering

Facalty of Engineering, Siam University

38 Petkasam Road, Phasicharoen, Bangkok 10160 Tel. 0-2457-0068, Fax 0-2457-3982
E-mail: Artorn33 @ Hotmail.com.

This paper presents the use Electronics Air

Cleaner fixed with muffler and release electron
to exhaust gas and analyse the exaust gas by
Gas-Analyser. There are some change the
revolution of engine.
The experiment shows of CO is maximum
reduced 26.22%, CO2 is maximum increased
6.06%, O2 is maximum reduced 47.39 % and HC
is maximum reduced 39.66%

1.





(Catalytic
Converter)

(
)

2.


2
1

Supply
12 V.

3.
1)
10

2)
1500
CC. Mitsubishi Lancer
3) 2

3.1
1000 /
( 3
2 )

1500 / 2000/ 2500/
3000/

3.2
3.1

Exhaust-gas Analyser BOSCH ETT 8.55 EU

29

4.
4

CO

O2

CO (% vol)

0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0

1000 2000 3000

(rpm.)

O2 (% vol)

4000

5
4
3
2
1
0

30

1000 2000 3000

(rpm.)

4000

HC (ppm.)

CO2 (% vol)

4000

HC

CO2
15
15
14
14
13
13
12

1000 2000 3000

(rpm.)

300
250
200
150
100
50
0

1000 2000 3000

(rpm.)

4000

CO2

HC

5.

1) CO
1000 / CO

1500 / 3000 /
CO
0.151%
Vol 1500 /
CO 26.22%
2) CO2
1000 - 1500 / CO2

2000 / CO2

CO2
6.06%
3) O2
1000 - 1500 / O2

2000 / O2

O2 47.39%
4) HC
1500 / HC

71 PPM. 3000
/ HC 39.66%

CO CO2 O2 HC

1500 /
CO2 O2

[1] ,

[2] ,
,
,
2528
[3] , ,
, 2536
[4] ,
, (
), 2525
[5] ,
555, , 2528
31

Train the Trainer

TWI

the Grafted on
Development to Enhance
Technique of Coaching
TWI JI

/ SP TRAINING

By Mr. Sekpornsawan Boonphet

Freelance Engineer/SP Training
Business Development and Human Resource Consultant,
Malaiphet Co., Ltd.

TWI JI
Training Within Industry for supervisor job instruction

Automotive Human Resource Development Project (AHRDP)

Training Within Industry for supervisor job instruction, or TWI JI, is
one of syllabuses provided by Thailand Automotive Institute (TAI) s Automotive
Human Resource Development Project (AHRDP) for automotive industry

32

JI,

TWI JI

?

4

(KEISHI HORIKAWA)

It was started when I first attended the TWI

JI. During taking this course, I was doubt and
surprised with several things; for instance, days for
a course, many requiring exames withing 4 years
and instructors teaching technique. I was tought
by Mr. Keishi Horikawa, a Janpanese instructure
who would read page by page to his students.
However, after finishing the course, I knew

reasons of these unusual things from him. Several

days for taking this class is essential becauese
we need time for practicing. Many realistic tests
are to see the development of coaching into
higher level of Japans standard. Without those
tests, paticipant may not pass the course. As Mr.
Keishi wants to remind his students that Do not
remember, Do follow instruction, his teaching
technique by reading page by page seems to
be practical.
According to Mr. Keishis reasons, I, as the
instructor for this course, now, follow his principle;
rigid in almost but flexible in others to maintain
his module.
33

 TWI JI
-

2 3
2 1.
2.
3 1.
2. 3.








34

TWI JI 4

The content of TWI JI is started from

introducing yourself: First name, Last name, Job
title, Domicile, Distinctive of your domicile and
hobby. Followed by explained how the company
focus on quality of its product and cost control
in order to generate profit which is important to
the supervisor, without this, the company would
not last. So as the supervisor and all employee.
The purpose of this process is to build familiarity

and reference in the main point of further

trainings. Ending with telling problems within
organization. Problems can be solved within a
day, if there is pleasant coaching and the
supervisor with ability to handle those problems
which consists of 2 types of knowledge (1. Job
knowledge and 2. Knowledge of job
responsibilities) and 3 skills (1. Development skill,
Interpersonal relationships skill and 3. Coaching
skill). These all are required for being a supervisor.
In generally, the basic coaching is
explain trainees how to do. This approach will
be success if trainees concentrate what the
instructor tells and instructor must also has
capacity. However, it is limited and not always
accomplished. On the other hand, coaching by
only showing how to do without practicing is
not efficient as well because trainees, somehow,
would not be able to do it, which is useless.
The core of good coaching is having
trainee to learn how to perform his job promptly
with safety and cautiously.
The concept of TWI JI for good coaching
has 4 steps: Preparation, Explaination, Training
and Job Assignment. They all need to be done
because they support one another.
Moreover, contents for coaching have
to be arranged and grouped for providing
instruction and remember easily. The right,
incomplicated practice and harmless when
trainee apply with his job are qualification of
successful coaching, delivered by the lecturer

(Teaching Teachnique)





2

TWI
JR Thai Master trainner
TWI JI
Teaching Teachnique

TWI JI

Trainner
TWI JM
Continues
Improvement Kaizen

Training Within Industry for supervisor job
instruction JOB INSTRUCTION
TWI JI
Nevertheless, for efficient coaching needs
preparation and write down the process of
operation as well as simulation of the classroom
same as the real working area; including, tools
and equipment before hand. These are all
required for coaching, as well. Remarkly, do not
use those altered tools and equpiment for
teaching.
All I mention above are coherence. It is
not too hard for supervisor to be a good one
with abilities to provide successful coaching,
distribute fine productivity and control cost
efficiently. The regular practicing is the point
that the supervisor must do to gain expertise
which is a skill that he can use or apply with his

jobs automatically anytime as needed.

From my experience, after obtaining the
teaching techniuqe, I realize that I must have
not only good teaching, but also decent
approaching. The word you speak, the way
you walk or even the way you grasp microphone
are all major parts that effect to your teaching
if it is smooth or bored. Together with the
combining of good teaching and decent
approaching, the accomplishment is not out of
your reach.
I also was suggested to attend the
training for the instructor of subjects in TWI JR by
Thai Master Trainner. Having knowledge from
taking TWI JI and Teaching technique, I have
implied them with training programs in many
leading companies; especially, the company
with Japanese as a shareholder, and been
accepped because they are based on Japans
module. This is grafted on development of TWI
JI. In addition, I had a chance to take Trainner
TWI JM, the development and improvement
course. In this course, it concentrates in Continues
Improvement or Kaizen, which focuss on setting
up the continuous production system based on
accuracy, speed, safety and simple. The
supervisor must know the whole process of the
job, clearly in order to improve job performance
by taking a stand on combination, cancelation,
rearrangement and expediency. This is the core
subtance of this course.

The conclusion

The best practice of coaching is ability

to have the trainee to learn faster and perform
the job right with safety and carefullness.
Another thing to be reminded is in any kinds of
job, you have to know and understand as well
because obtaining the good coaching at the
beginning will assist you to learn/know and
understand, truly and you can expand this
capability to build yourown value added and
accomplishment in your carreer. Above of all, this
is the result of learning/knowing and understanding
in Training Within Industry for supervisor job
instruction JOB INSTRUCTION or TWI JI.
35

Testing Standards

The Testing of Inner

tube for Motorcycle
as defined by
TIS 683-2530
.683-2530

36

By Jukkrit Rungruang
Testing Center Engineer, Thailand Automotive Institute (TAI)

.. 1940

Rubber is polymer that consists of
Hydrogen and Carbon. This material is high
flexibility, which is spontaneous generation. The
milk-liked white liquid exudes from the rubber

tree is colloid; a particle with water based

(dispersion medium), or generally called latex.
The Rubber from tree is called Natural rubber
and Synthetic rubber is formed by petroleum.
The synthetic rubber has been produced
since 1940 because there was natural rubber
shortage from highly demand for weapon and
armament production as well as inconvenient
transportation during the WWII.
Nowadays, Synthetic rubber production
has been developed to use in different kinds of
requirement and condition; i.e, Oil, Heat or
Cool resistant.




.. 2382

Automotive Navigator

.683-2530

1.

2.

3.





(1)
(2)
(3)

(4)

Both automotive and motorcycle tires

are produced from natural and synthetic
rubbers, which were invented by the American
named Charles Goodyear in 1839. He realized
that only pure rubber cannot tolerate weather
condition so he did experiments. At last, he
found the way to make it stabilized and last
longer than before by blending among Rubber
latex, Sulfur and Lead together and singing
them.
For this issue of Automotive Navigator
Magazine, we would like to introduce you to
know more about the standard of inner tube
using for motorcycle which is one of major parts
of motorcycle. Whether riding motorcycle to

the destination safely, it is depended on the

quality of tire, significantly.
Determination the standard of tire for
motorcycle is to control the capacity in order to
produce quality and right tire for each type of
ride. Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI)
realizes and allocates the TIS 683-2530 for
implementation with the test of inner tube for
motorcycle. There are 4 major tests as
following as:
1. General properties test: It is checking
the inner tube samples. The inner tube shall be
uniformly balanced in both shape and thickness,
and be free from harmful defects such as
cracks, visible foreign objects, etc. The valve
shall be free from rust and easy to tighten and
loosen.
2. Compatibility test: By assembling the
inner tube, tire and rim with the same
designation and dimension, the inner tube must
not too tense or lax to extent its form without
any folds.
3. Marking and Labeling: To check and
collate trademark and label on all inner tube;
including all packages or containers that keep
all inner tubes. At least, they must have number,
alphabet, letter or mark which identifies the
following details, obviously, clearly and permanently.
(1) Name, Size and Designation
(2) Model number or Manufacturing code
(3) Name of Manufacturer or Trademark
(4) Country of Manufacturing
In case using foreign language, it must
have the same meaning of Thais as above.
Manufacturers, whose products are passed the
standard, can put the TISI marks on each certified
product after receiving certification and
permission from Industrial Product Standards
Council.

37

Inner Tube
Joint
Sample for Tensile
strength & Elongation
Sample for Tensile strength of joint

Picture: Cross section image of samples for Tensile strength

& Elongation and tensile strength of joint

4. 4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4

Picture: Tire thickness gauges

4. Mechanical properties test: There are 4 main items

4.1 Tensile strength & Elongation and tensile strength of joint
4.2 Strength after heat aging
4.3 Permanent elongation
4.4 Bonding force between tube and valve

Picture: Tested sample for tensile strength of joint

38

Picture: Size of sample for Tensile strength & Elongation and

tensile strength of joint (Specimen Dumbbell)

Table of Mechanical properties for inner tube

No.
1
2
3
4
5
6

Properties
Tensile strength in Mega Pascal shall be at least
% of Elongation shall be at least
Tensile strength of joint in Mega Pascal at least
% of Permanent elongation shall be less than
% of Strength after heat aging decrease at least
Newton of Bonding force between tube and valve at least

Picture: Dumbbell-shape of tested sample (Specimen Dumbbell)

for Permanent elongation

Regulated Standard
11.77
500
6.86
25
10
500

Methodology of Testing
Item 8.2
Item 8.3
Item 8.4
ISO 652

2
1.
2.
Additionally, the valve of inner tube is
significant element that increases strength of its
by having rubber made into a ring-shaped
tube with a valve reinforced by a rubber plate
that acts as its base, which is firmly fixed to the
inner tube. There are 2 types of these:
1. Rubber base valve
2. Rubber covered valve

Picture: Dumbbell - JIG Fixture

Valve

Ring

Inner Tube

/ Unit: Millimeter
Picture: Preparing tested sample for bounding force of valve

39



Thus, standardization has determined to test others major areas, as well such as the following tests: the Air leakage of valve, arrow of valve and Air
leakage of inner rubber tube.

Picture: Tools for the Air Leakage of valve Test

Picture: Tools for the Air Leakage of inner tube Test

Cover
Cover
Rod

Rod

Arrow

Arrow

Nut
Ring
Inner tube

Inner tube

Picture: Rubber base valve

40

Picture: Rubber covered valve

Way to Success

Adaptation of

Thai SMEs in the era of

globalization
SMEs

Way to
success Automotive Navigator
Magazine
SMEs
SMEs

1 OEM = Original Equipment Manufacturer

By Mr. Chanudol Churuangsakul

Production Technology Specialist
Thailand Automotive Institute

OEM1 (Original equipment manufacturer)

SMEs


6
Hello all, as usual with the Way to success
for Automotive Navigator Magazine. In this issue,
I would like you to see as the aspect of Thai
SMEs, who are smart and tough in international
level, with the concept of Adaptation of Thai
SMEs in the era of globalization

Mr. Kamon Chutipongnavin, the President

of KMF Co., Ltd., auto part manufacturer, the
organization that has expertise in OEM
manufacturing of machine and automotive. Mr.
Chutipongnavin, is also known as the real SMEs
man by his ability, long experience, foreseeability,
adventurous, and prefer to take his own action
enthusiastically for throughout pass 6 years

41


.. 2543 12
SMEs 100%

CNC

()
()
()
5/107 1

50
LabVIEW

(...)



()

-
-
() -
-


AMAS (Automotive Manufacturing Automation
System) EU Switch

LRP (Loss Reduction Process)
()

100
3 (2555-2558)
KMF Co., Ltd. was established on year 2000
with the 12 million THB2 of capital registration.
It Is 100% Thai Owner Company that is able to
produce the complicated machine and auto
parts with accuracy by CNC. Major clients are
Isuzu (Thailand) Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Motors
(Thailand) Co., Ltd. and Emerson Electric Co., Ltd.

It is located at 5/107 Moo 1, Huai Khapi, Chonburi

with approximately 50 employees. Mr. Kamon is
the programmer of LabVIEW for quality control
and auto, electric and machine parts manufacturing both for domestic and international;
including guest speaker for several organizations
such as the training for Development of the
Model C.P.A., organized by Department of
Industrial Promotion, Ministry of Industry (DIP),
seminars of SME with Innovation and SME
Strategies arranged yearly by Bangkok Bank
PCL, Industrial Finance Corporation of Thailand
(IFCT) and Manufacturing lecture to Undergraduate
at Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology (TNI). He is
also the Thailand-Japan Trade Representative
at Office of Thailand-Japan Trade Representative
(Hiroshima) and Thailand-Japan technical
consultant at Thai-German Institute (TGI).
At present Mr. Kamon is the lecturer at
Thailand Automotive Institute (TAI) in Automotive
Manufacturing Automation System (AMAS) under
the cooperation of EU Switch and Isuzu Motors
(Thailand) Co., Ltd., providing Loss Reduction
Process: LRP3

2 THB = Thai Baht

3 Loss Reduction Process (LRP) = is the project that enhances ability of 100 plants for Thailand auto part manufacturing in 3 years (2012-2015)

42




100 % Zero Defect
(ZD)

This is a good opportunity for auto part
manufacturer and publics to learn new concepts
of practicing to setting up 100% quality control
system or zero defect (ZD), which is challenged;
especial y, in the period that automotive industry
facing with several problems: Quality, higher of
Production cost and labor shortage. As the results,
almost automobile manufacturers have to often
recall vehicles to get them repaired and cause
them many problems. Now, let see how
Mr. Kamon would handle these problems.

WS :
Way to success Automotive Navigator
Magazine




KMF

:
machining


Compressor
Precision

WS :

WS : Thank you for being here and giving us

this opportunity to retrieve knowledge and deliver
good concepts to friends in the industry so they
will able to implement them with their jobs. The
1st question, we would like to ask you are Now,
What is the core production process of KMF?
And what kind of product does KMF produce?
KC : Today, most of the KMFs production process
is the machining group and some of others.
Made to order products are auto part, machine
part and compressor part of cooling systems for
home used and automobile which require high
precision.
WS : For those finished parts; if possible, could
you tell us where will these shipments
delivered to?

43

 :
ISUZU (Motor) Mitsubishi
(Motor)

KC : Most of products will be sent out to Isuzu

(Motor) and Mitsubishi (Motor). Some of machine
parts will be sent to countries in Europe and
Japan.
WS : ?

?
: 50

.3

(Visual Control)
Computer

WS: How many people in your workforce? And

what is the average of their education level?
KC: Now, there are approximately 50 employees.
Most of them are il iterate to junior high graduated,
but they all work for me very well, as the consequence
of providing the uncomplicated working system.
I teach them how to operate machines. They
44

learn and do what I taught and asked them.

That is enough. I try to set up the simple system
for them that they can interact during the
operation by using the visual control shown on
the computer screen; therefore, they can follow
step by step, easily.
WS :


: 6


Recheck
QC


Program
Computer
1 IQA Kit
(Intelligence Quality assurance Kit)
3 1) Computer 2)
Program Computer
LabView
3)
KMF
-

WS : Could you tell me about your invention?

What is the purpose? How does it work? And
what is benefit?

KC : 6 years ago, I had problems with the

quality control. It was hard to solve them. The
defect products were sent to customers and I
had to send my staff for rechecking and used a
lot of QC which caused me a fortune. Thus, I
sought the tool to fix these problems. Actually, I
had thought about it for a while. I started to
study computer programs and tried to do so
many times until I found out the system, called,
Intelligence Quality Assurance Kit (IQA Kit). It
consists of 3 parts: 1). Computer set 2). Computer
programs (Lately, I use LabView as the core to
write system) and 3). Measurement tools kit. This
system has been developed from corporation
of TNI and TAI. Nowadays, it has been used
widespread with TAI as the center.




1



Social network
This system is an IT tool that gradually
screens out values of quality and control them
in the range. I gave a set of this equipment to
TAI as a teaching tool. From above abilities of this
system, I can check the status of my production
from anywhere through social network.

WS :





:

Tablet

WS: This is fortunate for TAI and other auto part

manufacturers that you give us the chance for
this interview because you are busy and have
tight schedule. We always realize that even you

rarely have time; you still do so many social

works. How do you manage your time?
KC: Usually, I have been invited as a guest
speaker for Ministry of Industry (MOI), Mr. Kosit
Panpiemras; on behalf of Bangkok Bank PLC.,
many non-profit organizations and my senior
and junior friends. I accept and help them;
including TAI, every time I am available. I have
time same as you all do. I only just use IT system
to manage and control more in the production,
so I do not have to spend much time in the front
line. I monitor everything at my plant via cellular
phone or tablet carry around. I can check if
there is any production process or part goes
wrong, what the cause is or even who works
and who is not.
WS :

:

Mode
Computer

WS : Do your employees feel stress from your

means, if they know?
KC : In the principle of management, I cannot
disclose something to them; otherwise, it will
affect to my job. Computer clearly classifies
levels of monitoring. However, if they accidently
knew, it would be benefits to them because it
is tool that brings them back to the track of
principle which everyone has to do.
WS :

:





6

WS: As the management of the organization,

do you think doing business today is harder than
in the past? How could we prepare and ready
for fluctuating?
45

KC: It is typical to face problem when you do

a business. It is depended on can we see it
through wisely and how well the readiness we
prepared. I have prepared for more than 6
years. I have done it myself until I get what you
see today. In the past, KMF also faced the problem
of quality control same as others
WS :

: 3T : Think - Technology - Trade

2554

T 1 : Think
() Machining

Machining
100% Zero Defect (ZD)


46

KMF

T 2 : Technology ()

(Intelligent Quality Assurance Kit :
IQA Kit)
KMF - IQA Kit

Poka Yoke
KMF - IQA Kit

T 3 : Trade
T
1 2

() ()
KMF

SMEs




SMEs
3
1) 2)
3)

WS: Throughout this interview, we can say that

Mr. Kamon is one of the inventors. What is
philosophy you imply and manage your
organization? And how?

KC: The 3Ts:- Think, Technology and Trade,

which I gave this advice to TAI via Production
Technology Manage in the beginning of year
2011. Started with
The 1st T: Think - Creativity (positive
thinking). From small machining factory, I dream
to have the 100% quality guarantee or Zero
Defect (ZD) factory of all parts produced from
machines and all production processes of KMF
to delivery customers satisfactory.
The 2nd T: Technology - Technology
from practicing, which is learning, gathering
data and development, continuously and finally,
turns your dream come true. The Intelligent
Quality Assurance Kit (IQA Kit), my proudly
invention, is the kit that I have designed and
developed until it, also known as KMF - IQA Kit,

has ability to detect the defected product and

protect it from delivering to customer, a.k.a
Poka Yoke4 , Mistake proofing is a quality
management concept to prevent human errors
from occurring in the production line and now, it
is challenged by ability to detect the potential of
changing in producing condition, which may
not be controlled, and fix that before it damages
to products in production process
The 3rd T : Trade - Exchanging in
Goods, Knowledge, other valuables come from
1st T and 2nd T. In general, the more you learn the
smarter you are as same as the smart people;
the more they give, the more they receive.
Nowadays, KMF is not only willing to exchange
products or business gains with any levels of
customer, but also pleased to share with other

sectors; especial y, among SMEs in forms of

information, news, experience or co-learning in
order to create better and stronger ways for
Thailand automotive industry as the whole;
particularly, if those are able to develop Thai
SME and support it to reach these following
goals: 1). Better quality 2). Efficiency/Competitive
cost and 3). Fast service and satisfaction
guarantee. These are my golden rules.
WS :
(ASEAN Economics Community: AEC)
2

4 Poka Yoke Mistake proofing. is a quality management concept to prevent human errors from occurring in the production line

47

 :


WS: Do you think entering AEC in the next
couple years would affect to any organization?
KC: If there is well prepared, I am confident
that there is no any effect. On the other hand,
the organization will get benefits from opening
larger market
WS :
300

:
2 breakeven point
500
500 / /

WS: There is common dispute over the increasing

of 300 THB wage rate. Do you think it will be the
obstacle to organization management?
KC: Actually, I had prepared for it since 2 years
ago and now I reach the breakeven point with
average at 500 THB when compared with current
condition. If it was more than 500 THB/ Day/ Person,
I would adjust for new coordinate.
WS : SMEs

SMEs

:

(Entrepreneur) (Investor)




IQA kit

Visual Control








48

WS: You are accepted as a one of highly
successful SMEs, compared within the same
group. Do you have any suggestion to our SME
family or support one another?
KC: As I mentioned before. You have to think
and take an action because we are entrepreneur,
not investor. Thus, we need to update and seek
for approach that gives us convenience, simple,
controllable and functional of operation. These
are to eliminate the creation of multiple-complex
skilled human resources and focus on simple
tasks such as turn on the machine and work
happily as defined by visual control. If someone
absent, you can ask a security guard to cover his
part because our simple production system,
anyone can do. Above of all, you are the key
player. If there is new technique/thing used in
the plant, you have to learn along with your
employees, as well, because you have to be
ready for assisting them, once they are stuck
with problems. To let employees handle by
themselves, without your attention, it may cause
them feel derelict, spiritless, wasted time and loss
opportunity to learn. Finally, everything you
invested is worthless.

3-5%

As a consequence, in terms of developing

organization management, you have to
prepare a budget for this circumstance at least
3%-5% of total profit as the remuneration to
individual who is specialist in each field. You
have to realize that you cannot work alone.
Sometimes, you need to invest in something
worth; for example, you get benefit from using
the consultants advice so you have to pay him
for the advice he gave you.

SMEs

SMEs








10110 0 2712 2414 6502
0 2712 2415 Email: chanudol@thaiauto.
or.th

Conclusion
From this interview, I believe that we are
acknowledged is the concept in adapting of
Thailand SME with innovation, which is accomplished and strengthen to Thailand SMEs. We all hope
that you or operators in auto part manufacturers
will receive benefits more or less. For anyone
from auto part manufacturer who is interested to
having huge step forwards as KMF, please contact
following information:
Thailand Automotive Institute (TAI)
Production Technology Department
Kluaynamthai Office, Klongtoey, Bangkok
10110.
Tel: (+66) 0-2712-2414 Ext. 6502
Fax: (+66) 0-2712-2415
Email: chanudol@thaiauto.or.th
You are all very welcome.

Auto Discuss

The Impact Evaluation of Eurozone Crisis

and Cancellation the Generalized System
of Preferences (GSP) of EU to
Thai Automotive Exported Product

(GSP)

By Thitipat Dokmaithet

Industrial Development Specialist

Thailand Automotive Institute

1.

.. 1999
10
.. 2010

(IMF)

.. 2011
.. 2012

1. Introduction
Eurozone crisis (EU crisis) and public debt
are caused by united economy of each country
member for European Union (EU). Since 1999,
the problem had been buildup throughout
these 10 years. Until year 2010, signs of insolvency

appeared from Governments of Greece, Ireland

and Portugal. As a result, their credit rates had
been downgraded. Then, investor was less
interested to buy their Treasury bonds.Thus,
International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other
member countries rendered assistance.
Nevertheless, the crisis had kept going and
increasing, severely during the end of year 2011,
which might cause EUs economy went to
recession stage. As a result, Government
decided to use austerity measures, seriously in
the following year (2012) to retrieve the
confidence of investor.
49

Picture 1 Total Export Value of Thai Automotive Product as of Year 2007 - 2012

Total Export Value (Unit: Million USD)

35,000
30,000
25,000

Worldwide, 22%

Growth
Rate

-28%
EU27, -2%

18,265

9,206
1,565

1,531

2007

2008

ASEAN

11,663
762

Oceania

2009

Middle East

-4%

35%

-6%

4%
23,784

17,621

16,230

15,000

5,000

72%

-50%

20,000

10,000

57%

1,283

1,311

1,235

2010

2011

EU27

Others

2012

Source: Based on Global Trade Atlas

.. 2012

2012
2012

.. 2013

1
5 (.. 2007-2011)


30
18 11
2 8
Notwithstanding, the situation of EU
crisis at the beginning of year 2012 was not
reliable because there were concerns to
public-debt crisis solving of Greece, which
might expand and turn out to be Euro crisis.
These concerns were partial diminished after
forming up the new Greece government on
June 2012 as well as meeting among leaders
from member countries in EURO Summit.
At the beginning of Year 2013, European
Central Bank (ECB) made an announcement
clearly to assist all members by the bailout
program. This extricated some concerns of
several members; as a result, their local
economies have started to be recovered as
shown on decreasing interest rate of their
governments Treasury bond. Furthermore,
stock markets of Germany, Italy and Greece
have been better. Although ECB is able to
increase liquidity, unemployment rate and

new issue has occurred in Cyprus, recently

are burden to EUs economy and effect to
export market of major trade partner countries,
as well.
Throughout the past 5 years (2007-2011),
Thailand has exported automotive product1
to ASEAN at average 30%, the highest
rate, followed by Oceania and Middle East
at 18% and 11%, respectively. Meanwhile,
exporting to EU2 market is 8%.

1 Automotive product consists of Bus (HS 8702), Passenger car (HS 8703), Truck < 5 Ton (HS 870421 and 870431), Truck > 5 Ton (HS 870422, 870423 and 870432), Other types of truck (HS 870410 and
870490), Special Purpose Vehicle (HS 8705), Auto parts (HS 8708), Motorcycle (HS 8711), Motorcycle parts (HS 871410) and Trailer (HS 8716)
2 European Union (EU) comprises 27 sovereign member states

50


.. 2007
.. 2009
50
28

(Hamburger crisis)
.. 2012

30

33 49 36
4

(
1)
(EU Parliament)

(Generalized system of
preferences: GSP) 13
2012

(High income)
GSP
(Upper-middle income)

GSP

3 15 ( 12.5
)
GSP 17.5
( 14.5 )

GSP

GSP

(Council of the European

Union)
1
2014


GSP

(Lower-middle
income)
.. 2010
.. 2012


GSP
3
GSP

2.

2.1

()

79
8 ( 3.5 )
9

.. 2008
.. 2009 8
15.3
.. 2012
13.9
1.3
8.2 13.7
( 2)
Thai automotive product export to EU
market has been declined since year 2007.
The highest reducing rate was in year 2009 at
50%. While, total export value of Thailand was
downed to 28% because of the worldwide
economy and Hamburger crises. In year 2012,
total export value of Thailand throughout the

world was increase at least 30%: To ASEAN =

33%, Oceania = 49% and Middle East, = 36%,
respectively. On the other hand, exporting to
EU was increased only 4%. This indicated the
negative impact to Thai automotive product
export from public debt and EU crisis during
recovery of world economy (as shown
in Picture 1).
Furthermore, EU Parliament voted and
passed the new draft Generalized System of
Preferences: (GSP) on June 13th, 2012. There
are major changes in the new GSP. It will not
apply only High income country, as before,
but also Upper-middle income country;
including, product that has imported for 3
years in the row and has value over 17.5%;
14.5% for textile and clothes (previously 15%
and 12.5% for textile and clothes), of import
value as all stated in GSP in order to support
less developed countries to utilize the benefit
of GSP.
Until now, EU has not announced a list
of valid country; officially, for this new GSP
because the rule is needed to be considered
by Council of the European Union before
certifying and declaring, official y. The expected
starting date will be January 1st, 2014.
It has been foreseen that once EU make
this announcement, officially, Thailand will be
repealed GSP because revenue per head of
Thai has been upgraded from Lower-middle
income to Upper-middle income country
since 2010 as well as increasing minimum
wage policy in year 2012. It is likely that
Thailand as an Upper-middle income country
for 3 consecutive years to lose this privilege
after validity of this new GSP.
Thus, monitoring Thais automotive product
export to EU market is needed in order to
evaluate initial impact. This will be information
for the government to retrieve and determine
appropriated policy as well as private sector
can use it as reference for business decision
making or enhance business.

Current State of Automotive

Sale in EU
New Automotive Registration in EU
Based on EUs record of new automotive
registration (automobile and motorcycle)
shows that Passenger car is the highest number
of vehicle registration at 79%, followed by
Motorcycle at 8% and Truck (<3.5 Ton) at 9%.
The new registration has been declined
continuously since 2008 and the lowest
growth is in year 2009 only at 8%. Then, the
new registration has been steady at 15.3 million
units. For year 2012, there is total new car
registration 13.9 million units and 1.3 million
units of motorcycle which is less than previous
years 8.2% and 13.7%, orderly (as shown in
Picture 2)
51

Picture 2 Total Number and Growth Rate of New Registered Vehicle in EU

Total Number of Registered Vehicle (Unit: Thousand)

20,000
18,000 17,393
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000 2,033
2,000
0 2005

18,130
5%

Growth Rate

10%

18,520

17,070

2%

15,932

5%

15,302

15,279

13,963

-1%
7%

-8%

-5%

-9%

0%
-5%
-10%

2,224

2,272

2,289

1,973

1,707

1,493

1,288

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Passenger Car

Commercial Car

Motorcycle

Total Growth rate

-15%
-20%

Source: Based on the data from ACEA (European Automobile Manufacturers Association) and ACEM (Association des Constructeurs Europensde Motorcycles)

Picture 3 Total Import Value of Automotive Product by EU

Total Import Value (Unit: Million USD)

600,000
500,000

523,731

522,785

400,000
300,000
200,000

458,776
365,958

394,060

0.34

0.30

0.25

0.30

0.27

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

EU

Others

100,000
0

Thailands Proportion

Source: Based on Global Trade Atlas

2.2

.. 2007 - 2008
5.2

.. 2009 3.6
.. 2010
2011 3.9 4.6
.. 2012
4.0
12
.. 2011 ( 3)
52

Importing Automotive Product by EU

During years 2007-2008, EU had total
import value of automotive product at 0.52
million US dollar and dropped down to 0.36
million US dollar in year 2009. Then, it was
gradually bounced back in 2010 and 2011
with value at 0.39 million US dollar and 0.46
million US dollar. Last year EUs total import
value of automotive product was 0.4 million
US dollar or 12% less than growth rate in 2011
(as shown in Picture 3).

Proportion of Import (%)

1.0
0.9
0.8
403,086
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.27
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
2012

Picture 4 The Market Sources of EUs Import Automotive Product by Proportion

EU 82.6%

South Korea
1.9%
Turkey
2.6%
China
1.1%
Japan
3.4%
India
0.5%
Thailand
Others
0.3%
7.2%
Taiwan
0.2%
ASEAN (Excluded Thailand)
0.1%

Others

Source: Based on Global Trade Atlas

Picture 5 Total Automotive Product Import Value of EU from Non-EU Member

Total Import Value (Million USD)

30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0

Japan

Turkey

South Korea
china
india
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Thailand

Taiwan

Source: Based on Global Trade Atlas

83

2.6

3.4
1.9 1.1
0.5
0.3 ( 4)

.. 2009

.. 2010
1.2


( 5)
Most of EU automotive product import
is from member countries at 83%, 2.6% from
Turkey, which is the major automotive

manufacturing based of EU, and the rest for

7% is from leading automotive manufacturers
in Asia such as Japan (3.4%), South Korea
(1.9%), China (1.1%), India (0.5%) and Thailand
(0.3%), as shown in Picture 4
Other than non-EU member, most of
automotive product is imported from Japan.
Nevertheless, its import value seems to be
lessening continuously since 2009. Meanwhile,
import value from newborn economy country
as China and India are growing progressively.
The import value from Thailand since 2010 is
worth steady at 1.2 billion US dollar, which has
similar tendency of strong automotive maker
country as South Korea and Taiwan (as shown
in Picture 5).
53

Picture 6 Total Export Value of Thai Automotive Product to EU

Total Export Value (Million USD)

1,800
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0

1,565

1,531
1,311

1,235

1,283

Others
Passenger car
Motorcycle parts
Auto parts
Motorcycle
Truck < 5 Ton

762

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Remark(s): Other Automotive referred to Bus, Truck > 5 Tone, Other Types of Truck, Special Purpose Vehicle and Trailer

3.

.. 2012
1,283
5
( 1 )
44 27
21
5 3 ( 6)

5

( 1)
5
(.. 2007 - 2011)
3
29
5 15
13

12 ( 2)

.. 2009

.. 2012

275
17

5
.. 2009

..2012
116
11
559

CurrentState of Thai Automotive

Product Export to EU

Last year (2012), total number of Thai

automotive product export to EU was 1,283
Million US Dollar. Truck (<5 Ton: or 1Ton
pick-up truck)) was the highest export to EU
at 44% follow by auto parts at 27%, motorcycle
at 21%, motorcycle parts at 5% and passenger
car at 3%. (as shown Picture 6)

Although, Truck < 5 ton has taken the

largest proportion of total Thai automotive
product export value, constantly, the export
value has been declined, consistently. It seems
that the proportion will go down and be
replaced by export value of automotive
parts (auto and motorcycle), which their
proportions are quite stable (as shown in
Table 1).
Moreover, during the past 5 years
(2007-2011), motorcycle export had mostly
depended on EU3 market at the average
rate 29% followed by Truck < 5 Ton at 15% and
Trailer at 13%. All had higher rate than the
average dependency Ratio6 of all types of
product at 12% (as shown in Table 2).

Motorcycle

Beginning at 2009, export value has

been increased, continuously, but low growth
rate compared to exporting to other countries.
In 2012, Thailand exported motorcycle to EU
by value of 275 million US dollar, 17% growth
rate from the same period of last year.

Truck < 5 Ton

Since 2009, the growth rate of export

to the EU is corresponding export to other
countries; except in year 2012. Growth rate of
exporting to non-EU is up to 116%, while to EU
reduced 11% with value of 559 million US dollar.

3
3 Dependency ration: is calculated by export value of a product sent to EU compared with the export value of the same product sent to worldwide

54

.. 2010

.. 2012
12
49
3

.. 2008 - 2010

.. 2011 - 2012
.. 2012

63 16


14

Trailer

Even though export value of trailer is

not much as others, it has high dependency
ratio of EU market which indicates the

significant of this market. From 2010 this ratio

has been built up, consistently. Majority of its
export is part for trailer in Netherland. However
in year 2012, the dependency ratio went down
12%; including export growth rate to EU market,
dramatic drop down 49% with export value 3
million US dollar.

Motorcycle parts

During 2008-2010, export growth rate

was consistent to exporting to other countries.
Then, 2011-2012, the growth rate changed
into opposite direction. Export value to EU
market was 63 million US dollar; rising 16%, yet
growth rate of export to other countries
decreased 14%.

Table 1 Total Export Value of Thai Automotive Product to EU (Unit: Million USD)

2007

1. Bus
2. Passenger car
3. Truck < 5 Ton
4. Truck > 5 Ton
5. Other types of truck
6. Special Purpose Vehicle
7. Auto parts
8. Motorcycle
9. Motorcycle parts
10. Trailer

0.04
(0%)
97
(6%)
1,016
(65%)
0.03
(0%)
6.38
(0%)
0.29
(0%)
285
(18%)
98
(6%)
58
(4%)
2.43
(0%)

2008

0.21
(0%)
80
(5%)
926
(61%)
0.03
(0%)
1.08
(0%)
0.19
(0%)
265
(17%)
192
(13%)
61
(4%)
1.63
(0%)

2009

0.18
(0%)
39
(5%)
339
(45%)
0.25
(0%)
0.03
(0%)
0.00
(0%)
170
(22%)
158
(21%)
51
(7%)
1.29
(0%)

2010

0.01
(0%)
39
(3%)
723
(55%)
0.05
(0%)
0.09
(0%)
0.03
(0%)
265
(20%)
222
(17%)
56
(4%)
4.22
(0%)

2011

0.30
(0%)
9
(1%)
625
(51%)
0.00
(0%)
0.02
(0%)
0.71
(0%)
303
(25%)
234
(19%)
54
(4%)
6.60
(1%)

Remark(s): Figure in bracket referred to the proportion value of total export to all types of automotive product export to EU by year

55

2012

0.64
(0%)
41
(3%)
559
(44%)
0.00
(0%)
0.01
(0%)
0.00
(0%)
340
(27%)
274
(21%)
63
(5%)
3.39
(0%)

Table 2 Dependency Ratio of Each Automotive Product to EU market

All types of product

1. Bus
2. Passenger car
3. Truck < 5 Ton
4. Truck > 5 Ton
5. Other types of truck
6. Special Purpose Vehicle
7. Auto parts
8. Motorcycle
9. Motorcycle parts
10. Trailer

2007

13.7
0.6
2.4
22.4
0.4
17.3
2.3
7.8
24.4
11.3
14.3

2008

12.9
0.9
1.5
17.1
0.2
2.8
1.1
6.4
29.0
10.9
7.9

2009

11.6
0.7
1.0
9.8
2.2
0.1
0.0
5.7
27.9
11.6
7.2

2010

10.9
0.0
0.6
12.5
0.4
0.2
0.2
6.4
34.9
10.4
16.9

2011

10.6
0.6
0.2
12.1
0.0
0.0
4.2
6.7
28.8
8.1
21.2

Avg. 5 yr.
11.9
0.6
1.1
14.8
0.6
4.1
1.6
6.6
29.0
10.5
13.5

Source: Based on Global Trade Atlas

4.

(GSP)

4.1

GDP

( PIIGS)

( 3)

501-800
40

501-800
( Triumph)

()




4

(GSP)

Impact from Public Debt,

Euro Crisis and Cancellation
of GSP to Thai Automotive
Product Export

4 Antwep Le Harve Rotterdam

4 Antwep port in Belgium, Le Harve in France and Rotterdam in Netherland

56

Evaluation Impact to Thai Automotive

Product Export from Public Debt and
Euro Crisis
The evaluation should consider from
proportion of dependency ratio in each EU
member country to average rate because
product with high dependency ratio to EU
market will be affected directly if economy of
that country is shrinking; especially, country
with high potential of having nations economy
crisis based on high proportion of public debt
to GDP: Portugal, Italy, Iceland, Greece and
Spain (PIIGS).
Nevertheless, evaluating Thai automotive
product export to EU by each member country
and product type (as shown in Table 3)
revealed that every member country has less
dependency ratio than an average; excepting,
motorcycle export (501-800 cc.) to England.
Those exports are from Triumph, English
motorcycle maker, in Thailand, which assemble
and send back to England for distribution. It
is noticeable for countries with high dependency
ratio such as Belgium, France and Netherland,
that they all have large ports located in their
countries4. These ports are transit points to
distribute cargo to other member countries.
Thus, some products are not for consuming
locally. According to these 2 reasons,
Dependency ration of each country and
product is not applicable for the evaluation
impact to Thai automotive product export
from Public debt and Euro crisis.
Therefore, the evaluation should
consider all countries and effect from GSP
cancellation, as well.

Picture 7 Total Export Value and Growth Rate of Thai Automotive Product to EU by Product Type

Truck < 5 Ton

Motorcycle
Total Export Value (Million USD)

120%

1,400
EU 96%

1,200
1,000
800

100%
80%

Others 55%
40%

600

40% 50%
17%

400

-13%

200
0

Total Export Value (Million USD)

Growt Rate

1%

6%

10,000
8,000

60%
40%

6,000

20%

4,000

0%

-18%

12,000

-20%

98 193 159 222 234 275 -40%

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Others
EU

2,000
0

140%
113%
116% 120%
100%
80%
62%
60%
Others
28%
40%
20%
EU -31% -10% -11% 0%
-9%
-20%
-14%
-40%
-63%
-60%
1,016 927 340 723 626 559 -80%
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Others
EU

Trailer

Motorcycle parts

Total Export Value (Million USD)

35

Growt Rate

250%

227%

200%

30
25

150%

20
15

100%

-13% 24% 19%

0%

10
EU
-33%

5
0

56%

Others
31%

-21%
2

-49%
4

Growt Rate

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Others
EU

0%
-50%
-100%

Total Export Value (Million USD)

800

23%

700

0%

EU
5%

300

-16%

-3%

200
100
0

-10%
-14%

59

20%
10%

8%

500
400

30%

27%
16%

Others
10%

600

Growt Rate

-22%
52 56

62

54

63

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

EU

Others

Source: Based on Global Trade Atlas

57

-20%
-30%

Table 3 Dependency Ratio of Thailand to EU Market by Type of Product and Country

Dependency Ratio
Country

Truck < 5 Ton

Motorcycle (CC.)
50-250

251-500

501-800

Motorcycle
parts

Trailer

1. Austria

0.48

0.18

n.a.

n.a.

0.00

0.00

2. Belgium

0.76

2.25

0.03

1.84

0.10

0.09

3. Bulgaria

0.06

0.01

n.a.

n.a.

0.00

0.00

4. Cyprus

0.34

0.01

n.a.

0.00

0.00

0.01

5. Czech Rep.

0.13

0.00

n.a.

n.a.

0.00

0.00

6. Denmark

0.19

0.04

n.a.

0.00

0.00

0.60

7. Estonia

0.02

0.01

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

8. Finland

0.47

0.21

n.a.

0.00

0.01

0.51

9. France

1.86

1.20

0.70

5.71

0.04

0.14

10. Germany

1.85

0.09

7.91

0.01

0.15

1.91

11. Greece

1.56

4.22

0.00

0.03

0.14

0.01

12. Hungary

0.34

0.04

n.a.

n.a.

0.00

0.00

13. Iceland

0.18

0.04

n.a.

0.00

n.a.

0.37

14. Italy

2.35

1.23

n.a.

0.00

1.90

0.03

15. Latvia

0.09

0.01

n.a.

n.a.

0.00

n.a.

16. Lithuania

0.06

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

0.00

n.a.

17. Luxemburg

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

18. Malta

0.01

0.01

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

0.02

19. Netherland

0.15

9.59

3.17

6.32

0.28

8.73

20. Poland

0.51

0.00

n.a.

n.a.

0.00

0.03

21. Portugal

0.82

0.01

0.16

n.a.

0.00

0.02

22. Romania

0.22

0.01

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

23. Slovakia

0.01

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

0.00

24. Slovenia

0.08

0.02

n.a.

n.a.

0.00

0.00

25. Spain

1.08

1.43

0.04

0.00

0.41

0.03

26. Sweden

0.96

0.09

0.48

0.00

0.00

0.07

27. UK

4.19

1.92

0.60

40.31

7.43

1.00

Source: Based on Global Trade Atlas

Remark(s) n.a. means No Export product from Thailand

58

Table 5 The Effect Evaluation of EUs GSP Cancellation to the Export of Thai Automotive Product
Type

1. Bus
2. Passenger car
3. Truck < 5 Ton
4. Truck > 5 Ton
5. Other types of truck
6. Special purpose vehicle
7. Auto parts
8. Motorcycle <50 CC.
9. Motorcycle50-250 CC.
10. Motorcycle251-500 CC.
11. Motorcycle501-800 CC.
12. Motorcycle> 800 CC.
13. Other types of motorcycle
14. Motorcycle parts
15. Trailer

Depend. Ratio Avg.

5 yr.

0.6
1.1
14.8
0.6
4.1
1.6
6.6
0.4
22.5
13.9
54.2
5.6
6.6
10.5
13.5

Tax Rate
MFN

GSP

Result of
Evaluation

16.0
10.0
22.0
22.0
10.0
3.7
4.5
8.0
8.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
3.7
2.7

11.2
6.5
15.4
15.4
6.5
0.0
0.0
4.5
4.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
0.0
0.0

Low
Low
Severe
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Monitor
Monitor
Monitor
Low
Low
Low
Monitor

Source: Based on Global Trade Atlas and Export Help Desk, External Trade European Commission as well as the calculation by author
4.2

(GSP)

(GSP)



5
(MFN Rate) GSP
GSP

3.5

(1)

( 11.9) /
( 3.5)
(2)

( 11.9)
( 3.5)
(3)

( 11.9)
( 3.5)



GSP
5

50-250
251-500 501-800

( 5 8)
4.2 Evaluation Impact to Thai
Automotive Product Export from GSP
Cancellation by EU
Evaluation impact to Thai automotive
product export from GSP cancellation by EU is

considered by each product from 2 factors: 1.

Proportion of dependency ratio to average rate5
and 2. Difference of MFN Rate and handicap
from GSPs tax rate and compared to 3.5% EUs
reduction tax rate for sensitive product. Here
are rules of evaluation:
(1) Low impact product: Country that
has low rate of dependency ratio (11.9%) and/
or low handicap on tax ( 3.5%)
(2) Closed monitor product: Country with
high rate of dependency ratio (>11.9%) but has
lower handicap on tax ( 3.5%)
(3) High impact product: Country with
high rate of dependency ratio (>11.9%) but has
lower handicap on tax ( 3.5%)
Evaluation of impact finds that product
within High impact product will obtain a lot of
impact because it mostly depends on EU market,
and there is much difference between privilege
from GSP and normal tax rate; i.e., 5-Ton truck.
Meanwhile, closed monitor product as motorcycle
50-250 cc, 251-500 cc, 501-800 cc and trailer as
well as Low impact product wil take lower impact
(as shown in Table 5 and Picture 8)

5 .. 2007-2011 11.9
5 During year 2007-2011, All Thai export product to EU are 11.9% on average of total export value to worldwide

59

Picture 8 The Effect Evaluation of EUs GSP Cancellation to the Export of Thai Automotive Product

8
7

Advantage of Tax

6
5
4
3
2
1
0

Low

Severe
Truck < 5 Ton

Truck > 5 Ton

posetypes le Auto parts Motorcycle parts

r
u
P
l
ia
Specicle Other otorcyc
50-250 CC.*
Veh of M > 800 CC.*
251-500 CC.*
Passenger car
Trailer or Semi-Trailer
< 50 CC.*
Other types of truck
Bus

Low

501-800
CC.*

Monitor

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 55
Dependency Ratio
Remark(s): * referred to motorcycle
Source: Based on Table 4s data

5.

GSP

5

50-250 251-500
501-800

5 (
1 )

1
1

(Free zone)

60

Summary and Recommendation

The monitoring circumstance of

Thailands automotive product export to EU
market during public debt and EU crisis as
well as impact from GSP cancellation reveals
that 5 Ton truck, High impact product, will be
highly impacted. Whereas, motorcycle 50250 cc, 251-500 cc, 501-800 cc and trailer will
take less impacted
Although, from evaluation states that 5
Ton truck (aka 1 Ton Pick-up) from Thailand
will be affected, severely, there are only a

few countries produce this type of truck.

Additionally, Thailand is the major manufacturer
of 1 Ton Pick-up in the world. As a result, the
degree of impact will be lessening. For
motorcycle, operator needs to seek for other
privileges on trade to reduce cost; for example,
Free Zone establishment. Nonetheless, operator
should consider other markets to compensate
EU market that is expected to be stagnated
for a period of time.