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Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS


Two marks
UNIT I & II
1. State Ohms law
At constant temperature, the current(I) flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to
the potential difference(V) across the ends of the conductor.
VI (or) V=I*R
where R is the resistance of the conductor in ohm.
2. Define current.
The rate of flow of charge (free electrons) is called as current. Current is represented by I. Its
unit is Ampere(A).
3. Define voltage or emf.
Voltage or electro motive force (emf) is defined as the electric potential or potential difference
between two ends of the conductor. Voltage is represented by Vor E. Its unit is Volt(V).
4. Define Power.
Power is defined as the rate of doing work. Its unit is Watt (or) Joule per second. It is the
product of current and voltage.
P=V*I
5. Define Energy.
Electrical energy is defined as the total work done in an electric circuit. It is the product of
power and time. Its unit is Joules (or) Watt-sec
Energy = P*t = V*I*t = I2Rt
6. State Kirchoffs current law.
Kirchoffs current law states that sum of the current entering the junction is equal to the sum of
the current leaving the junction.
I1+I2=I3+I4

7. Define Kirchofffs Voltage law.


Kirchoffs voltage law states that the sum of the potential drop is equal to the sum of the
potential rises.

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering


ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
Two marks

8. State Thevenins theorem.


The Thevenins theorem states that a circuit with two terminals can be replaced by an
equivalent circuit consisting of a voltage source in series with a resistance (or impedance).

9. State Nortons theorem.


The Nortons theorem states that a circuit with two terminals can be replaced by an equivalent
circuit consisting of a Current source in parallel with a resistance (or impedance).
IN

10. State Maximum Power Transfer Theorem.(For DC circuits-I unit)


Maximum Power transfer theorem states that maximum power is transferred from source to
load, when the load resistance is equal to source impedance.
2
V th
Maximum Power, Pmax = 4 R
.
th
11. State Maximum Power Transfer Theorem.(For AC circuits-II unit)
Maximum Power transfer theorem states that maximum power is transferred from source to
load, when the load impedance is equal to complex conjugate of source impedance.
V th 2
P
=
max
Maximum Power,
4 Zth .
12. State Super position Theorem.
The super position theorem states that the response in a circuit with multiple sources is given
by algebraic sum of responses due to individual sources acting alone.
13. State Reciprocity Theorem.
The reciprocity theorem states that in a linear, bilateral, single source circuit, the ratio of
excitation to response is constant when the position of excitation and response are
interchanged.
14. State Compensation Theorem.
When the resistance R of a branch carrying current I is increased to R+dR, the changes that
takes place can be found by connecting series voltage I*dR opposing the current flowing in the
branch of resistance R+dR. This voltage is called Compensation voltage V C. VC = I*dR. VC is a
dependent source and its polarities must be so as to oppose the original current.

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering


ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
Two marks
15. State Tellegans Theorem.
In any network, the summation of instantaneous power or the summation of complex power of
sinusoidal sources is zero. The network may be linear, non-linear, passive or active and time
variant or time invariant.
16. State Millmans Theorem.
In any network, if the voltages V1, V2,, Vn with internal impedance Z1, Z2,., Zn
respectively, are in parallel, then these sources may be replaced by a single voltage source V in
series with single impedance Z.
UNIT III

Unit-iV
1 Define transient.
The state of the circuit from the instant of switching to attainment of steady state is called
transient state or transient.
2. What is free or natural response?
The response of a circuit due to stored energy alone is called free response.
3. What is forced response?

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering


ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
Two marks
The response of a circuit due to an external source is called forced response.
4. Define time constant of RL circuit.
The time constant of RL circuit is defined as the time taken by the current through the
inductance to reach steady value if initial rate of rise is maintained.
L
=
R
5. Define time constant of RC circuit.
The time constant of RC circuit is defined as the time taken by the voltage across the
capacitance to reach steady value if initial rate of rise is maintained.
=RC
6. What is critical damping?
The critical damping is the condition of the circuit at which the oscillations in the response are
eliminated. It is done by increasing the value of resistance in the circuit.
7. What is damping ratio?
The ratio of resistance of the circuit and resistance for critical damping is called damping ratio.
=

R R C
=
Rc 2 L

8. What is natural frequency?


The response of a circuit is completely oscillatory with a frequency n in the absence of
resistance and this frequency n, is called natural frequency.
9. What is damped response?
The response of underdamped circuit is oscillatory with a frequency of d and this oscillations
are damped as t tends to infinity. The frequency of damped oscillatory response is called
damped frequency.

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