Derivadas

Reglas de derivacin
[f (x) + g(x)]0 = f 0 (x) + g0 (x)
f y g funciones
[f (x) g(x)]0 = f 0 (x) g0 (x)
f y g funciones
0
0
[k f (x)] = k f (x)
f y g funciones, k nmero
f (x) 0
f 0 (x)
[ k ] = k
f y g funciones, k nmero
0
0
0
[f (x) g(x)] = f (x) g(x) + f (x) g (x)
f y g funciones
"
#0
0
0
f (x) g(x) f (x) g (x)
f (x)
Cociente
=
f y g funciones
g(x)
g(x)2
Composicin (regla de la cadena) (g f )0 (x) = (g[f (x)])0 = g 0 [f (x)] f 0 (x)
f y g funciones
1
Funcin inversa
(f 1 )0 [f (x)] = 0
f y g funciones
f (x)
Suma
Resta
Producto de funcin y nmero
Cociente de funcin y nmero
Producto

Derivadas de funciones usuales

Constante

(k)0 = 0

Potencia

(xn )0 = nxn1

[f (x)n ]0 = nf (x)n1 f 0 (x)

Exponencial

(ax )0 = ax log a

[af (x) ]0 = af (x) f 0 (x) log a

Exponencial de base e

(ex )0 = ex

(ef (x) )0 = ef (x) f 0 (x)

f 0 (x)
1
(loga [f (x)])0 =

f (x) log a
f 0 (x)
(log[f (x)])0 =
f (x)
0
(sin[f (x)]) = cos[f (x)] f 0 (x)
(cos[f (x)])0 = sin[f (x)] f 0 (x)
f 0 (x)
(tan[f (x)])0 =
cos2 [f (x)]
f 0 (x)
(cot[f (x)])0 = 2
sin [f (x)]
f 0 (x)
(arcsin[f (x)])0 = q
1 f (x)2
f 0 (x)
(arccos[f (x)])0 = q
1 f (x)2
f 0 (x)
0
(arctan[f (x)]) =
1 + f (x)2
0
(sinh[f (x)]) = cosh[f (x)] f 0 (x)
(cosh[f (x)]0 = sinh[f (x)] f 0 (x)
f 0 (x)
0
q
(arg sinh[f (x)]) =
1 + f (x)2
f 0 (x)
(arg cos[f (x)])0 = q
f (x)2 1

Logaritmo
Logaritmo neperiano (base e)

(loga x)0 =

1
x

(log x)0 =

1
log a
1
x

(sin x)0 = cos x

(cos x)0 = sin x
1
Tangente
(tan x)0 =
cos2 x
1
Cotangente
(cot x)0 = 2
sin x
1
Arcoseno
(arcsin x)0 =
1 x2
1
Arcocoseno
(arccos x)0 =
1 x2
1
Arcotangente
(arctan x)0 =
1 + x2
0
Seno hiperblico
(sinh x) = cosh x
Coseno hiperblico
(cosh x)0 = sinh x
1
Argumento seno hiperblico
(arg sinh x)0 =
1 + x2
1
Argumento coseno hiperblico (arg cosh x)0 = 2
x 1
Seno
Coseno

k nmero
n nmero
f funcin
a nmero
f funcin
f funcin
a nmero
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin
f funcin

Observaciones:

1. Se deduce de las dos primeras reglas de derivacin deducimos la derivada de los polinomios:
(a0 + a1 x + a2 x2 + a3 x3 + ... + an xn )0 = a1 + 2a2 x + 3a3 x2 + ... + nan xn1
2. En las reglas de derivacin de la exponencial y el logaritmo se supone que la base a satisface
0 < a 6= 1
3. En la tercera columna se presenta una frmula general que se obtiene utilizando la derivada
correspondiente junto con la regla de la cadena.
4. Derivada de una funcin potencial-exponencial:
[g(x)h(x) ]0 = g(x)h(x) [h0 (x) log[g(x)] +

h(x)g0 (x)
]
g(x)

sta frmula se deduce del hecho de que

h(x) ]

g(x)h(x) = elog[g(x)

= eh(x) log[g(x)]

Ejemplo: He aqu algunos ejemplos de derivadas:

funcin
x cos 3x
sin x3
derivada cos 3x 3x sin 3x 3x2 cos x3
funcin

xsin x

xsin x

( 21 x cos x)

x
sin x
sin xx cos x
sin2 x

arcsin(3x 2) arctan 2x+1

5
2
3
11
4x2
5

+ 1) (3 8xe )
2
1+( 2x+1 )2

(3x e4x + 1)12

2

derivada 12(3x e4x

1(3x2)

sin5 3x
15 sin4 3x cos 3x
sinh x2
2x cosh x2

sin x

funcin cosh(log[3x 1]) log(x2 + 3) tan 2x

(x2 + 6x + 8)
sin x
3 sinh(log[3x1])
2x
2
derivada
(x2 + 6x + 8) [cos x log(x2 + 6x + 8) +
3x1
x2 +3
cos2 2x

(2x+6) sin x
x2 +6x+8