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Ville Vuorinen,D.Sc.(Tech.)
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
4/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
4/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
4/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
4/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
4/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
4/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
z}|{
convection term
diffusion term
source term
z }| { z
}|
{
z }| {
+ (u) () = S ()
5/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
ui
+
=
(pij + ij ) (Conservation of Momentum)
t
xj
xj
e (uj (e + p))
T
+
=
(ij ui )+
(Conservation of Energy)
t
xj
xj
xj xj
6/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
7/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
7/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Conservation of Mass
In the Absence of Nuclear Reactions
Conservation of Mass
temporal derivative
z}|{
z }| {
uj
xj
= 0, j = 1, 2, 3
8/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Momentum is Conserved
Conservation of Momentum
temporal derivative
convection of momentum
z }| {
ui
t
z }| {
(ui uj )
xj
z
=
}|
{
(pij + ij )
xj
, i, j = 1, 2, 3
9/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Energy is Conserved
But It May Transfer into Heat via Viscous Effects
Conservation of Energy
temporal derivative
z}|{
e
t
z
}|
{
(uj (e + p)))
xj
heat diffusion
viscous work
}|
{
T
=
(ij ui ) +
, j = 1, 2, 3
xj
xj xj
z
}|
10/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Energy is Conserved
But It May Transfer into Heat via Viscous Effects
Conservation of Energy
temporal derivative
z}|{
e
t
z
}|
{
(uj (e + p)))
xj
heat diffusion
viscous work
}|
{
T
=
(ij ui ) +
, j = 1, 2, 3
xj
xj xj
z
}|
Note:
The energy e is the total energy i.e. e = (cv T + 0.5|u|2 ). Thus all the
energy (at an arbitrary point) is expressed as a sum of kinetic and
thermodynamic energies.
10/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Definitions (1)
11/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Definitions (2)
Speed of Sound
a=
p
RT
12/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Definitions (3)
Mach Number
Ma = u/a
where u = local flow velocity. When Ma < 1 flow is subsonic, when
Ma = 1 flow is sonic (e.g. in converging nozzle), and when Ma > 1 flow
is supersonic.
13/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Definitions (4)
2
u,
3
uj
ui
+
. The dynamic viscosity = , where is the
xj
xi
kinematic viscosity.
where ij =
14/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
15/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
16/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
16/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
16/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
16/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
16/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
19/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
k kn
n+1
t
t
(u)kn+1 (u)kn
u
t
t
(e)kn+1 (e)kn
e
t
t
Note: again k is the space index and n the time index.
Note: do not confuse the Euler time integration method with Euler
equations although Euler refers to the same scientist.
Matlab and PDEs
Ville Vuorinen
Aalto University
20/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
(u)k+1
(u)k1
u
n
n
x
2x
(u2 + p)
(u2 + p)k+1
(u2 + p)k1
n
n
x
2x
u(e + p)
(u(e + p))k+1
(u(e + p))k1
n
n
x
2x
Note: again k is the space index and n the time index.
Note: do not confuse the Euler time integration method with Euler
equations although Euler refers to the same scientist.
Matlab and PDEs
Ville Vuorinen
Aalto University
21/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
22/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
23/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
23/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
23/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
23/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
x2
x2
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
x2
x2
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
25/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
25/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
25/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
25/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
25/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Matlab Implementation
26/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Summary
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Summary
27/28
Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Summary
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
Summary
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube
The End
Thank you
Questions?
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Simulation Course, 2012
Simulation of Shocks in a Closed Shock Tube