Calculations in Single phase

kW =

(Volts x Current x Power factor )

1000

Calculation in Three phase

3
Volts x Average current x Power factor x

kW=

kW, kWH, kVA, and PF

kW (kilo Watt)
- Watts is a measurement of how much electricity that
electrical device uses constantly
- kW = kilo Watt
- Watt(W) is the SI unit for power(P)
- Power in electrical is the rate of energy transferred
- Power = Voltage x Current
Other note:
In physic, power is the rate of work done
- SI unit for power in physic is also Watt
- Power = Force x Distance / Time
kWh
kVA
-

A kWh (kiloWatt hour) is a measurment of how many kilowatts are

used in an hour.
Most electrical devices will have desciption on them how many
watts they are using.
1000 watts = 1 kilowatt.
1 kWh = 3600 kJ
Thus, a 1000 watt microwave oven running for 1 hour will use 1
kWh.
To calculate each electrical device is using in one month:
( Watt * Hours * Day. ) / 1000 = Kilowatt Hours used in one month
If your electrical device does not have the wattage printed on it but
it does have amperage printed on it, please look at Volt Amp Watt
Convert to learn how to convert amps to watts
kWh is what used on electricity bill or electricity statement
kWh is the amount of electrical used
A measure of consumption
kVA is the measure of load demand

Demand is usually averaged in a period of 30 mins

Using many electrical devices or appliances within the 30 mins
interval even for a one time, peak demand will be close to
maximum.
Thus, the higher the quantity of electrical device used in one time
within 30 mins interval in a day the higher the demand
Electrical provider must supply according to the demand of
consumer

Difference between kWH and kVA

- kVA is the measure of demand load (quantity of load used in one
time)
- kWh is a measure of electrical usage
PF (Power Factor)
- Power factor is the measure of efficientcy of the power being
used
- If Power factor(PF) = 1, means 100% of the supply is being used
effieciently
- Thus, if PF = 1, Power consumption(kWh) = Power demand(kVA)
- If PF is less than 1, the supply is not efficient
- But power factor of 1 is not obtainable, this is because equipments
such as motors and other inductive load create a reactance which
cause power factor to be less than 1
- The Square-cube law is the relationship between area and volume
of an object.
- When an object grows in size, its volume increases faster than its
area
- In analogy to motors, Cube law is the relationship between a
motors speed and power.
- This means that a small increase in speed requires a lot more power
- But also means that a smallest reduction in speed can give
significant power savings
- A pump or fan running at half speed consumes only one eighth of
the power compared to full speed
- This is because the cube law in electrical motors is the ratio of
speed and power
- (speed)^2 : (power)^3