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A TRAINING IN MINISTRY STUDY COURSE

A SURVEY OF
THE NEW TESTAMENT
Robert L. Samms

This 12-lesson survey of the N. T.


will enable you to quickly grasp
the essential content of each book;
its background; and questions that can
help you lead discussion groups.

2012 byTrainingInMinistry.com
To purchase copies of this book,
or its Leaders Guide, log on to:
TRAININGINMINISTRY.COM
or order dirctly from
TheBookPatch.com
Locate the title, then click on:

TRAININGINMINISTRY.COM
Serious Bible training to
equip the saints for the work of ministry
Ephesians 4:11

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Robert Samms (DMin, Denver Seminary; MA


in New Testament, Trinity Evangelical Divinity School) is the
founder of Lay Action Ministry Program, Discipleship Overseas,
and Training In Ministry.
He and his wife Maryann served for over two decades as
missionary educators in the Philippines. They have five grown
children and eleven grandchildren.
TRANSLATION USED: Scripture quotations are taken from The Holy
Bible, English Standard Version, 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a
division of Good News Publishers, Wheaton, Illinois.

TABLE OF
CONTENTS
For Study Leaders ....................................................................... 4
Curriculum of TIM Courses ...................................................... 5
1.

Introduction to the New Testament ......................................... 7

2.

Matthew, Mark, Luke ................................................................13

3.

John ............................................................................................. 44

4.

Acts .............................................................................................. 58

5.

Romans ....................................................................................... 69

6.

1 and 2 Corinthians ................................................................... 78

7.

Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians ........................................... 98

8.

Colossians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians ........................................ 121

9.

1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon ........................................ 134

10. Hebrews ................................................................................... 150


11. The Letters of James, Peter, John and Jude ......................... 161
12 The Revelation ......................................................................... 193

FOR STUDY LEADERS


Welcome to this significant opportunity to be involved in Jesus
Great Commission to make disciples (Matthew 28:18-20). To help
you better plan and carry out your ministry, do these two things:
1. Download a free copy of DESIGN YOUR EQUIPPING MINISTRY
from: TrainingInMinistry.com. In this key resource you will learn
a lot. Chapter titles are:

What in the World is the Church Doing?


The Biblical Mandate to Equip
Lay Ministry in the Mirror of History
How to Implement Change
How Adults Learn Effectively
How to Lead Effective Discussions
How to Develop Your Equipping Ministry

2. While you are on this site, download the free Leaders Guide for
Your Ministry of Prayer. You will find it very helpful as you lead
the weekly group sessions.
Educational Philosophy of TIM Courses
Every TIM course incorporates a head, heart, and hands approach to
learning. Head represents content to be learned, heart the
application of this truth to ones own life, and hands, involvement
in ministry through using the course content.
Your Time Commitment
As the Group Study Leader, you should spend adequate time: 1)
Preparing the workbook lessonjust as thoroughly as you expect
your learners to prepare. 2) Reading the Leaders Guide and
marking those questions and other items you want to emphasize
during the group session.
The Weekly Group Meeting
This 90 minute weekly meeting should feature a discussion of the
lesson, focusing on integrative and application type questions
found in the Leaders Guide. It should consist of an hour of
interaction with the lesson, as well as time for prayer and group
fellowship.
Ministry Involvement
This ministry opportunity should be appropriate to the gifts and
ministry experiences of each learner; result in their growth; and
build up the Body of Christ.

CURRICULUM OF
TIM COURSES
TRAINING IN MINISTRY courses will enable you to equip the saints
for the work of ministry and so build up the body of Christ.
Grounding Courses
CHRISTIANITY 101 is designed to disciple new Christians, either in
small groups, or one-to-one. Application: Learners will lead
another person through this course.
A PANORAMA OF THE BIBLE features easy-to-remember visuals for
each of the 12 Bible periods. Learners will thrill to find that they
can remember the major themes of Bible content and message.
Application: With the aid of the Leaders Guide, learners will lead
another person, or a small group through this course.
TRUTH THAT TRANSFORMS will provide learners with a solid
foundation in the major doctrines of Scripture, with an emphasis
on practical applications. Application: Learners will, with the aid
of the Leaders Guide, lead another individual, or group of people
through this course.
A PANORAMA OF CHRISTIAN HISTORY provides a big picture view
of the Church from the 1st through the 20th century. It also
emphasizes practical lessons we can apply to our own ministry.
Application: Learners will teach this course to another person or
group.
Growing Courses
WELCOME TO YOUR MINISTRY teaches the important truth that God
has called and gifted all believers for ministry and challenges
them to get involved in some basic ministries in the church.
Application: Learners will commit to getting additional training
for ministry, and getting involved in it.
HOW TO DISCOVER YOUR SPIRITUAL GIFTS will provide believers
with a better understanding of which spiritual gifts they may
have, and how to use their gifts in service for Christ. Application:
A short-term assignment will be given, wherein learners use one
of their gifts in an approved ministry.
LEARNING TO SERVE: JESUS AS ROLE MODEL teaches the servant lifestyle of Jesus in many ministry related contexts, and helps learners
put this into practice in their ministry. Application: Learners will
be given a ministry role wherein they demonstrate the servantleader style of Jesus.

GOING Courses
YOUR MINISTRY OF PRAYER studies prayer in Scripture, and will
help learners become involved in a significant ministry of prayer.
Application: Participants will commit to a ministry of prayer as
suggested in the course content.
OUTREACH AS A LIFE-STYLE will train lay people to develop
friendships with people, leading to sharing Christ with them.
Application: Learners will practice this personal evangelism
approach in their lives of sharing their faith.
YOUR MINISTRY AT HOME provides practical principles in how to
establish and maintain a truly Christian home. Application:
Applying the principles week by week within the learners family,
including being consistent in reading the weekly schedule of
verses and journaling based on these verses.
TOUCHING TOMORROW BY TEACHING CHILDREN is a superb tool to
train more workers to serve in the exciting ministry of teaching
children. Application: Teaming up with an experienced teacher as
an assistant for one quarter or more.
CHRISTIANITY IN THE WORKPLACE relates faith to practical and
ethical issues on the job. Its focus is how to be like Christ in the
work world. Application: Learners will apply these biblical
principles to their areas of work.
CONTENDING FOR THE FAITH is a course on Christian apologetics,
which will equip learners to defend and share their faith,
especially among intellectual unbelievers. Application: Learners
will engage in an effective ministry of defending and sharing their
faith.
A SURVEY OF THE NEW TESTAMENT is a 12-lesson survey of the New
Testament. It includes outlines of each book, background
information, and questions for individual study. Application:
Learners will be able to lead Bible studies in any New Testament
book.
HOW TO STUDY THE BIBLE will give students an in-depth exposure
to the inductive method of Bible study and help them develop
their own outlines for leading Bible studies. Application: Based
on their study, learners will lead 10 Bible studies in the book of
Ephesians.
YOUR MINISTRY OF LEADERSHIP will encourage, equip, and train
Christian men and women for increased effectiveness in
leadership. Application: Learners will demonstrate the skills
taught in this course in an assigned ministry position.

Lesson 1

INTRODUCTION
TO THE NEW TESTAMENT
The New Testament at a Glance
The New Testament contains four accounts of the life of Jesus
Christ.
The first of these, Matthew, targets Jewish people. The second,
Mark, was written especially for the Roman world, while Luke
addressed the Greek speaking world. The first three gospel
accounts are very similar, hence are called synoptic (or similar)
gospels. John was written to help people believe that Jesus is the
Christ, the Son of God, and Savior of the world.
Acts records the founding and growth of the early Church. Peters
ministry predominates in chapters 1-12, and Pauls in chapters 1328.
The remainder of the New Testament contains letters, to churches,
and individuals. The apostle Paul wrote most of them.
Romans contains foundational truths of the Christian faith, and
was written to prepare the church at Rome for his planned visit
and mission to Spain.
The 2 letters to the Corinthians were written in response to
problems existing in this church.
Galatians was written to churches in the province of Galatia, to
combat false teaching about the nature of salvation.
The other Pauline letters, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians and
the two letters to the Thessalonians were also written to
encourage and strengthen these churches.
This brings us to the two letters to Timothy, and one to Titus, his
co-workers who needed his instructions.
Hebrews was written to Jewish Christians, exhorting them to
stand firm in faith, even in the face of much pressure and
persecution.
This brings us to the general epistles, so called because they
were written by other apostles. James wrote the first of these,

followed by Peter, who wrote two, and John, who wrote three,
and finally, Jude who wrote one.
The last book of the New Testament is the Revelation of Jesus
Christ. It was written nearer the end of the 1st century, at a time
when the Church was experiencing much persecution. John had
been banished to the island of Patmos, off the coast of Asia Minor
(modern Turkey). While there he was given a vision of Jesus
Christ, a message to the seven churches in Asia Minor, and of the
events that would take place until the end of the age. The Book of
Revelation assures us that God has a plan for the world, even
though he allows much evileven that believers die for their
faith. But ultimately, Christ will return to establish his rule, and
will punish wickedness in a final judgment.
The Source of Scripture Authority
Richard Hooker, a great English theologian from the 16th century
commented that there are three possible sources of authority for
Christian belief and practice: the Christian Bible, the Christian
Church, and Christian Reason.
After more than 400 years, Christian denominations still today
tend to emphasize one of these, either the Bible, or the Church, or
human Reason as the primary basis for their church authority.
Tradition. Those who emphasize tradition, look back to the
writings of the early Church fathers, the councils, the creeds,
episcopal pronouncements, and to the development of worship
practices through the centuries. Their view is that the Church itself
is the final basis of authority.
The Bible. Reformers of the 16th century rejected the man-made
formulas and doctrines that had crept into the Church. They saw
that many of these traditions actually went contrary to the
teachings of the Bible. But since the leadership in the traditional
Church would not budge on this key issue, the reformers either
withdrew from it, or were kicked out. Additionally, many were
persecuted, and not a few gave their lives because they refused to
give up the authority of the Bible over their lives.
Evangelical Christians today continue to stand for the absolute
authority of the Word of God. While we can differ on some of the
details, on essentials we stand as one. God calls us to stand for
these essential truths, it may be, as it was then, even with our
lives.
Human Reason. In the last 100 years certain theologians have
downgraded the authority of both the Church and the Bible.
Instead, their final authority in religious matters is their own

reason. They have bought in to scientific and rational arguments


that deny basic doctrines of the Christian faith, such as the
inspiration of Scripture, the existence of miracles, the resurrection
from the dead, and the deity of Jesus Christ. These church
denominations together with their theological schools are
generally known by the term liberal.
Jesus Teaching about Tradition and Human Reason.
Interestingly, these same three views about authority were present
in the times of the New Testament.
THE AUTHORITY OF TRADITION. In Jesus day, the Pharisees, the
dominant religious group of that period, embraced tradition.
Pharisees followed literally hundreds of religious rules, which
they practiced every day of their lives. Many of these rules are not
found in the Old Testament; rather, they were later additions to the
commands given by Moses.
Read Mark 7:1-13, where Jesus confronted the traditions of the
Pharisees.
Mark 7:1-5 What was it that brought this issue into focus?
_________________________________________________________________________

Mark 7:8 What did Jesus say was actually wrong with these
traditions?
_________________________________________________________________________

Mark 7:8-13
traditions?

What was the real effect of practicing these

_________________________________________________________________________

What shows that this example was not an isolated case?


_________________________________________________________________________

What do you believe that Jesus would teach about the place of
tradition in the Church today?
_________________________________________________________________________

John R. Stott says, Ultimate authority is in Scripture, in God speaking


through Scripture, whereas tradition is oral, open and often selfcontradictory.
THE AUTHORITY OF HUMAN REASON. The Sadducees were another
significant religious body in Jesus day. These religious Jews were
skeptical of all things not appealing to reason. They could not see
angels, so rejected their existence. Since it is not reasonable that

people will rise from the dead, so they did not believe it possible.
They also rejected the traditions of the elders, and even the Bible
itself, except for the five books of Moses.
Read about Jesus encounter with these religious leaders in
Matthew 22:23-33.
Mt. 22:23-28 How did they argue against the resurrection?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Mt. 22:29 What did Jesus say was their problem?


_________________________________________________________________________

Mt. 22:30-32
resurrection?

What argument did He then use to prove the

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

How do you think Jesus would respond today to those who place
human reason above the authority of Scripture?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

THE AUTHORITY OF SCRIPTURE We affirm that neither tradition or


reason can be an adequate authority for our faith. This does not
mean however, that there is no place for church traditions. Nor
should we check our minds at the door when we enter a church!
Once we see this we are ready to look at what Jesus Himself
taught about the authority of Scripture.
Mt. 22:31; Mk 7:13 Who did Jesus declare was the author of
Scripture?
_________________________________________________________________________

Luke 24:44 Further, Jesus recognized the entire Old Testament


(the only Scriptures at that time) as being from God. How is this
expressed in this passage?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Not only did Jesus teach the inspiration and hence authority of
Scripture, but the apostles did so as well.
2 Pet. 3:2 & 16 How did Peter compare the writings of the
apostles with those of the Old Testament?

10

_________________________________________________________________________

2 Tim. 3:16 How much of Scripture is inspired?


_________________________________________________________________________

On a practical level, how is this helpful to you?


_________________________________________________________________________

As we approach this overview study of the New Testament, it is


important that we set forth our views about inspiration. We agree
with the following church statements, all coming from the
Reformation period in history:
The Holy Scripture alone remains the only judge, rule, and standard
according to which all dogmas shall be discerned and judged.
Lutheran formula of Concord
Holy Scriptures containeth all things necessary to salvation: so that
whatsoever is not read therein, nor may be proved thereby, is not to be
required of any man, that it should be believed as an article of the faith.
The Church of England, sixth article on religion
All the books of the Old and New Testament are given by inspiration of
God, to be the rule of faith and life. Westminster Confession
Practical Applications
1. We should regard Scripture as being the source of spiritual life
and light. Psalm 119:11, 18
2. We should look for Christ in the Bible. The study of Scripture
should first and foremost lead us to the person of Christ, who
alone can give us spiritual life. Luke 24:27; John 5:39, 40; 1
Corinthians 10:4
3. We need to study the Bible. Since the Bible is the Christians
authority, it is the most important book for us to study. 2 Tim. 2:15
4. We should apply Scripture to our lives. We need to look for
those spiritual lessons from all of Scripture, which relates to our
circumstances and needs. Joshua 1:8; Psalm 25:4, 5
5. We need to obey the Bible. Two important questions we must
always ask as we study the Bible are: What did this mean to the
original hearers? And, what does this mean to me? James 1:22-25
6. We need to use the Bible as we minister to others. Rom. 1:16; 2
Tim. 3:15-17; Heb. 4:1

11

Introduction to the Gospels


The word Gospel means good news. Matthew, Mark, Luke,
and John are four separate accounts of the Good News of Christs
coming and sacrifice for sin.
While each Gospel presents Christ as the Messiah of the Old
Testament and Savior of the world, each addresses a different
audiencethus providing a unique emphasis. Matthew wrote to
a Jewish audience, and therefore emphasized Jesus as the Messiah,
or King. Mark addressed the Roman world and thus presented
Christ as a suffering Servant. Luke wrote to a Greek audience, and
therefore focused on the humanness of Jesus, the Son of Man. John
wrote to the Gentile world, thus setting forth Jesus as the Son of
God.
Political Background in the New Testament Period.
The Jews were made up of several political/religious groups. The
largest of these was the Pharisees, who rigorously guarded the
laws of the Old Testament by adding hundreds rules of their own.
By these traditions they sought to separate themselves from all
evil and to strictly observe the Law.
Another religious/political group of that day was the Sadducees.
They rejected most of the Bible, but did accept the Torah, which
was the first five books of the Old Testament. Sadducees were also
known for their denial of key teachings of the Bible, including the
resurrection, angels, and immortality. They were also more open
to Greek influences and to Roman political powers.
The Essenes were an ascetic group who lived in remote areas. They
were not allowed to marry and held all property in common. The
Dead Sea Scrolls (Old Testament scriptures written 100 or so years
before Christ) came from an Essene community near the Dead Sea.
The Zealots advocated the overthrow of Rome by violence.
Living outside Palestine were the Hellenists, who absorbed the
culture of the people among whom they lived and favored
cooperation with Rome, and the Hebraists, who were similar to the
Pharisees.
The Romans first occupied Palestine in 63 BC. During the time of
Christ the political arm of Rome was the Procurator Pilate, who
answered directly to the Emperor. Subject states that more loyal to
Rome were governed by Proconsuls (see Acts 18:17).

12

Lesson 2

THE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS:


MATTHEW, MARK, & LUKE

MATTHEW:
Good News for Religious People
MATHEW is called The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ the son of
David, the son of Abraham Matthew 1:1.
Matthews intent in writing his gospel was to affirm to Jewish
people that Jesus was the promised Messiah, and the Savior of the
world.
Thus the easy-to-remember outline:
1.
2.
3.
4.

The Preparation of the Messiah, Chs. 14


The Preaching of the Messiah, Chs. 520
The Presentation of the Messiah, 20:17 Chs. 25
The Passion of the Messiah, Chs. 2628

Looking at this outline further, we see:


1. The Preparation of the Messiah, Chs. 14
The names in 1:1-17 helped his Jewish audience to appreciate
Jesus genealogy in order to be the Messiah of Israel.
Further, the announcement is: the birth of Jesus Christ (Christ
being the word for the Jewish Messiah) in 1:18-25.
The events in Ch. 2 feature biblical prophecies concerning the
Messiah, which are now fulfilled.
In a similar way, the ministry of John the Baptist fulfilled the
prophecy of Isaiah (3:3).
That the Messiah should rebuke the devil by the power of
Scripture (Ch. 4) further evidences who he is, and sets the stage for
his early ministry.
2. The Preaching of the Messiah, Chs. 520
The Sermon on the Mount, Chapters 5-7, contrasts the legalistic
teaching of the Jews, with Jesus ethical and moral teachings.

13

Jesus then goes on in chapters 8-9 to prove his authority by his


miracles.
A key verse here is 9:37-38, "Then he said to his disciples, The harvest
is plentiful, but the laborers are few; therefore pray earnestly to the Lord
of the harvest to send out laborers into his harvest.
In Ch. 10 Jesus gives his chosen apostles authority for their
ministry, (v. 1), and sends them out to the lost sheep of the house of
Israel (v. 5).
In Ch. 11:1-19 Jesus confirms to John the Baptist that he, Jesus, is
the promised Messiah.
In Ch. 12 Jesus shows that he is lord of the Sabbath, meaning that
his authority surpassed that of Moses.
13:1-52 contains 10 parables (defined as an earthly story with a
heavenly meaning) about the Kingdom.
14:1-12 records the story of the death of John the Baptist.
The stories of Jesus feeding 5,000 and walking on water (Ch. 14)
further demonstrate who Jesus is
In Ch. 1517 the Jewish leaders confronted Jesus because he did
not follow the rules (i.e. the laws of Moses as they interpreted
them). At this point Matthews readers would be facing a choice:
would they believe and follow Jesus, or would they follow these
leaders of their Jewish faith? A very hard choicebut a choice
must be made.
This is why Jesus next asks Peter: who do you say that I am?
(16:15). And Jesus asks you that question as well. Your response
determines both your living, and your destiny.
Jesus knew who he was, and why he came to earth. Thats why he
says, three times in Matthew, that he has come to die for sin, but
that he will be raised again to life, proving to all, that his death
satisfies Gods righteous demands to punish sin.
3. The Presentation of the Messiah, 20:17 Chs. 25
On his coming to Jerusalem, Jesus offered himself as the rightful
king of the Jewish people (21:5). But this claim went rejected.
Thus, in spite of all that he had done to bring healing to his
people, in spite of all his astounding miracles, and in spite of all of
his profound teaching, he was rejected. Only a cross remained.

14

4. The Passion of the Messiah, Chs. 2628


In the week prior to his crucifixion, Jesus spent much time with
his disciples. He was preparing them for life without him. One of
the important things that he did at this time was to initiate what is
known as The Lords Supper. And forever after, this
communion service relates believers with their Lord. It shows that
we belong to him, and he to us.
The cross was a thing of horror, and utmost cruelty. The Romans
had killed thousands of people that way before, and to them, this
was just one more.
But Jesus passion does not end at the cross. For on the morning of
the third day (Ch. 28), Jesus is raised from the dead.
Jesus last message to the disciples is his message to us too:
All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. Go therefore
and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the
Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all
that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the
end of the age."
How do you respond to this command of Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Background of Matthew
AUTHORSHIP. The unanimous view of the early Church was that
the Apostle Matthew wrote this Gospel. He had been a tax
collector for Rome, but followed Christs call (Matthew 9:9).
DATE. The exact time and place of writing is unknown. Some
believe that it was written from Palestine in the early 50s. Others
believe that it was penned in the 60s or later.
INTENDED READERS. Internal evidence suggests that this Gospel
was aimed at Jewish readers. Consider the following evidence:
Jesus lineage is traced back to Abraham, the founder of the
Jewish people.
The Old Testament is quoted more by Matthew than by any
other N.T. writer.
He does not bother to explain Jewish customs.
He uses common Jewish terminology.
He emphasizes Jesus as Son of David.

15

Questions for Study and Discussion


1. The Preparation of the Messiah, Chs. 14
1:1 The preparation for the Messiah begins with genealogy, which
identifying Jesus as :
_________________________________________________________________________

Genealogies were of great importance to the Jewish readers. Jesus


genealogy puts him in line to be the Messiah and King of the
Jewish people.
1:18-21 How does Matthew say the conception of Jesus
happened? How would this account have impacted Jewish
readers?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:1-23 Notice the fulfilled prophecies about Jesus, in 2:5, 15, 17


and 3:2. Of what importance is this?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:1-12 What did John the Baptist have to say about Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:13-17 What was the witness of God the Father concerning Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:1-11 How did the devil help to confirm the identity of Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________

Noticing the way Jesus handled these temptations, of what


significance is this to you
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. The Preaching of the Messiah, Chs. 520


The preaching ministry of Jesus included various formats,
including the use of Scripture, miracles, parables, and confrontive
teaching.
4:17 What would you say was the essence of Jesus teaching?
Why is this important?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:18-22 What was it, do you think, that attracted the early
followers to Jesus?

16

_________________________________________________________________________

Does this message attract you? How?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

The Sermon on the Mount, Chapters 5-7


Jesus ethical and moral teachings here are in sharp contrast to the
legalistic teaching of the Jews.
5:1-12 Why does Jesus focus on this kind of people?
_________________________________________________________________________

Select one of the Beatitudes and tell why it is a blessing to you.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:13-16 How do these two concepts apply to your life?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:17 When Jesus said: I have not come to abolish the Law and the
Prophets, but to fulfill them He meant that He both completes and
transcends the O.T. Law. See Romans 10:4.
5:20-48 How does 5:20 relate to the way Jesus interprets the
Commandments? (i.e. you have heard it said . . . but I say to you.)
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:1-18 What part of this passage is your favorite and why?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:19-24 How do we lay up treasure in heaven? And how does


this apply to your life now?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:25-34 What is Gods promise to those with generous hearts?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:1-6 What is Gods standard about judging? Why?

17

_________________________________________________________________________

7:7-11 How should we pray? And how will God respond?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:12 The climax of the Sermon on the Mount is this verse. What
does it mean to you?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7:13-14 What do these verses mean to you?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:24-27 How does and puts them into practice (24) relate to
what Jesus had just said (7:15-23)?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7:29 says, that Jesus was teaching them as one who had authority,
and not as their scribes. Of what significance was that?
_________________________________________________________________________

Jesus then goes on in chapters 8-9 to prove that authority by his


miracles.
8:2, 8, 13; 26; 9:2; 22; 28 and 29 emphasizes the importance of faith.
8:1-4 This leper has amazing faith. What was Jesus wanting say
to the Jewish leaders, v. 4?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

8:5-13 What message was Jesus communicating to the Jews by the


healing of the Roman centurion's servant? (Note especially vs. 1112)
_________________________________________________________________________

These people were mostly social outcasts.


significant?

Why was this

_________________________________________________________________________

9:1-8 His authority includes the forgiving of ____________________


9:33-34 set forth the great divide: between openness and belief,
and hardness and unbelief. Which side are you on? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

18

_________________________________________________________________________

9:37-38 How does the challenge of these verses impact you?


_________________________________________________________________________

In Ch. 10 Jesus gave the apostles authority for their ministry, (v.
1), and sends them to the lost sheep of the house of Israel (v. 5).
How was their faith stretched in this chapter?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

11:1-19 Regarding John the Baptist, what did Christ mean in v. 11?
11:20-24 Why were theses cities judged?
_________________________________________________________________________

11:25-30 How is the Kingdom to be received? Why?


_________________________________________________________________________

12:1-42 In this passage Jesus claims to be lord of the Sabbath.


Notice v. 6, something greater than the temple is here; v. 42,
something greater than Jonah is here, and v. 42, something greater
than Solomon is here. The temple speaks of the Jewish sacrificial
system. Jonah represents the Prophets; and Solomon, the political
power of the Jews. What is the significance of this?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:46-50 How do you understand this statement by Jesus?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

13:1-52 contains 10 parables (an earthly story with a heavenly


meaning) about the Kingdom Parables give light to those who
seek the light, but darkness to all others (13:10-17).
What aspect of Gods heavenly Kingdom do you see emphasized
in:
13:1-23? _______________________________________________________________
13:24-30, 36-43? _______________________________________________________
13:44-45? ______________________________________________________________
13:31-35? ______________________________________________________________

19

13:47-50? _______________________________________________________________
14:1-12 records the sad tale of the end of John the Baptist. Herod
was offended by the truth he preached. So his response was to kill
the messenger. How do you respond to criticisms?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:13-21 records the feeding of the 5,000. Why, do you think, Jesus
said to the disciples: You give them something to eat? Is there a
principle here? If so, what is it?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:22-33 How does this apply to your ministry for Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________

15:1-20 Here the religious leaders travel all the way from
Jerusalem to confront Jesus about religious traditions. How did
Jesus respond to their challenge?
_________________________________________________________________________

What does v. 8 say about their heart condition?


_________________________________________________________________________

15:21-28 This woman had: 1) a need; 2) faith; and 3) persistence.


What message was Jesus giving to the Jews through this healing?
_________________________________________________________________________

16:1-4 In light of all the miracles Jesus had already performed,


was his a reasonable request? What does it say about the
condition of their heart?
_________________________________________________________________________

16:5-12 What was it about the teaching of the Pharisees that


caused Jesus to warn his disciples?
_________________________________________________________________________

16:13-20 What is the significance of Peters confession You are


the Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

16:21-28 Peters confession was: You are the Christ, the Son of the
living God. And on the basis of this confession, Jesus said, you
are Peter (petros) and on this rock (petra) I will build my Church.

20

The church of Jesus Christ is built on the faith that Peter had, and
that each person who follows him must also have.
16:19 is (in Greek) future perfect shall have been. Peter proclaims
only what God has already proclaimed on the basis of faith.
17:24-27 What does Jesus teach in this passage about duty to
government? (Compare Ch. 22:15-22)
_________________________________________________________________________

18:21-35 Explain the parable of the unforgiving servant in the


context of a real-life situation of yours.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

19:1-12 What does Jesus here teach about divorce?


_________________________________________________________________________

19:16-26 How did Jesus answer the question about good deeds?
_________________________________________________________________________

3. The Presentation of the Messiah, 20:17 Chs. 25


20:18-19 Why was it important that Matthews Jewish readers
know that Jesus had predicted his death before it took place?
_________________________________________________________________________

20:20-28 How does this event illustrate the contrast of worldly


leadership and spiritual leadership?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Ch. 24 What aspects of end-times circumstances do you observe


in our world today?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4. The Passion of the Messiah, Chs. 2628


Ch. 25 Here Christians are taught to: 1), keep our spiritual lights
shining brightly; 2), use our talents for Gods purposes; and 3),
expect rewards, based on our service in this life. Which of these
ideas is most important to you?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

21

Ch. 26, 27 The betrayal, trial, and crucifixion of Jesus occupy these
chapters. What lesson is there for you in 26:6-13?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Ch. 28 Of what importance to the Christian faith is Jesus


resurrection from the dead? (28:10)
_________________________________________________________________________

MARK:
Good News for Working People
The Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve,
and to give his life as a ransom for many.
(Mark 10:45)
Mark emphasized Jesus as Servant. This fact could not have been
lost on the Roman world, where every third person at least, was a
slave.
His gospel is about Jesus Christ, the Son of God, 1:1, probably
from Rome, and at a time near the end of Peters life there. He did
not write to a Jewish audience, but rather to Gentiles, as evident
from the fact that he needed to explain Jewish customs (7:2-4;
15:42), and translate Aramaic terms (3:17; 5:41; 7:11, 34 and 15:22).
Outline of Marks Gospel
1. Jesus Preparation for Ministry, Ch. 1:1-13
2. Jesus Teaching Ministry, Chs. 1:14Ch. 8
3. Jesus Sacrificial Ministry, Chs. 916

Now look at this outline again in a bit more detail.


1. Jesus Preparation for Ministry, Ch. 1:1-13
In Marks staccato style, he quickly mentions who Jesus is (the
Christ, the Son of God); then moves on to the Johns ministry; to
Jesus baptism; and to the temptation of Jesus.

22

2. Jesus Teaching Ministry, Chs. 1:14Ch. 10


Jesus begins his teaching, preaching, and healing ministry in
Galilee, were his primary focus was: (1:14-15)
_________________________________________________________________________

But he does not begin this ministry alone. He calls disciples to be


with him, learn from him, and go forth to minister in the power of
the Holy Spirit. It is exactly the same pattern in ministry today.
A central focus of him miracles was the emphasis on faith. Note
this in the following verses:
"If you will, you can make me clean." (1:40)
And when Jesus saw their faith, he said to the paralytic, Son, your sins
are forgiven." (2:5)
He said to them, Why are you so afraid? Have you still no faith?"
(4:40)
And he said to her, Daughter, your faith has made you well; go in
peace, and be healed of your disease." (5:34)
And Jesus answered them, Have faith in God. (11:22)
Although Jesus ministry included many miraculous healings,
opposition form the religious leaders quickly developed. Why?
The simple reason is that Jesus ignored the 613 commands of man
that had been added to the Laws of Moses. These rules had been
added in an attempt to protect the people from violating Gods
laws. We see this conflict throughout the gospels.
3. Jesus Sacrificial Ministry, Chs. 1116
In Chs. 1114 Jesus taught the crowds in Jerusalem itself. And the
people loved it. But concerning their leaders he said: Beware of the
scribes, who like to walk around in long robes and like greetings in the
marketplaces and have the best seats in the synagogues and the places of
honor at feasts, who devour widows houses and for a pretense make long
prayers. They will receive the greater condemnation. 12:38-40).
Jesus would not compromise. Because he spoke the truth about
these leaders, they became determined to have him put to death.
But death was not the end. It was only the beginning. For Jesus
rose from the dead, met with his disciples, and sent them forth
into the world with the message of a resurrected Christ, and of life
everlasting for those who put their trust in him.

23

Background to Mark
AUTHORSHIP. From earliest times John Mark was identified as the
author. Although not an Apostle, Mark was closely associated
with Peter. (Peter speaks of my son Mark in 1 Peter 5:13.) Peter
probably commissioned Mark to record this Gospel, as his writing
skills in Greek were poor (seen in 2 Peter).
STYLE. Mark is written with a hurried pace. The words at once,
immediately, quickly and, just then occurs 41 times. This
rapid style characterized Peter.
DATE. Mark was probably written early in the 50s; although some
suggest the late 60s, but before Jerusalem was destroyed in 70
AD.
WHERE WRITTEN. Early church leaders (Irenaeus, Clement of
Alexandria) suggest Mark wrote from Italy, probably from Rome.
Tradition says that Peter was in Rome during the later days of his
life, and that he was martyred there.
MAJOR EMPHASES. Jesus emphasized that although He was the
Messiah, this truth should be kept as it were, under wraps. For
Jesus was now coming as the suffering Messiah (Isaiah 50:6;
53:5; Zechariah 13:6), and not yet as the reigning Lord. See Mark
1:34,44; 3:12; 5:43; 7:36-37; 8:26,30; 9:9. It was paramount that his
Roman readers perceive the Crucifixion not as a misguided act of
Roman power, but as the fulfillment of Gods purpose for Christ.
Note Mark 8:31-32; 9:31; and 10:33-34.
An emphasis on Jesus human emotions and needs. See 3:5;
6:6,31,34; 7:34; 8:12,33; 10:14; 11:12. In this connection, Jesus is
frequently referred to as the Son of Man, cf. 2:10; 2:28; 8:31,38; 9:
9,12,31; 10:33,45; 13:26,32; 14:21,41,46.
Concurrent with this emphasis is a strong and clear emphasis on
his deity. Cf. 1:1; 1:11; 2:28; 3:11; 5:7; 9:7; 12:1-11; 13:32; 15:39.
Notice how Jesus humanity and deity come together in 2:28; 8:31;
9:9; 12:35-37.
Finally, there is an emphasis on Jesus as teacher.
teacher, teach, or Rabbi occur 39 times in Mark.

The words

Questions for Study and Discussion


1. Jesus Preparation for Ministry, Chs. 1:1-13.
1:1 Mark proclaims good news (the gospel) about Jesus. Who is
he, and why is this identification important??
_________________________________________________________________________

24

_________________________________________________________________________

1:2-8 What was Johns message about Jesus?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:9-11 Note the activity of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
_________________________________________________________________________

1:12-13 For what purpose was Jesus temptation?


_________________________________________________________________________

2. Jesus Teaching Ministry, 1:14Ch. 8.


1:14-15. What was the essence of Jesus ministry, as described in
these verses?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:16-20. To what kind of ministry did Jesus call his disciples?


_________________________________________________________________________

Of what significance is this to you?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:21-28.
scribes?

What distinguished Jesus teaching from that of the

_________________________________________________________________________

1:29-34. Why would Jesus not allow the demons to speak?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:35-39. What was the focus of Jesus ministry? Was it healing, or


preaching? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:40-45. Notice how Jesus healing ministry could get in the way of
his real purposeto preach the Kingdom of God.
2:1-12. Why did Jesus heal this man (v.10)?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:13-17. Jesus calls a crooked tax collector. Why (v. 17)?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:18-22. Why were not the disciples of Jesus fasting?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:22. What did Jesus mean: new wine is for fresh wineskins?

25

_________________________________________________________________________

3:1-12. How did the following people respond to Jesus healing


ministry:
The Pharisees? ________________________________________________________
The multitudes? ______________________________________________________
The demons? _________________________________________________________
3:13-19. After commissioning his disciples to be apostles, Jesus
changed the focus of his ministry. He continued to preach and
heal, but it was now with special reference to equipping the
disciples for service. The word disciple means learner. The
word apostle means sent one and implies sentwith a
message (cf. 6:7-13).
Why did Jesus appoint the 12 apostles (v. 14)?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:20-30. How did Jesus rebut the suggestion that He was driving
out evil spirits by Beelsebubthe prince of demons?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:31-35. Of what significance is it that Jesus slighted his own


family?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:1-20. Why did Jesus tell only His disciples the meaning of this
parable? (vs. 9-12) See also 4:33-34.
_________________________________________________________________________

4:21-25. What truth is there in v. 24 that relates to your ministry?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:26-29. Describe the nature of the Kingdom of God


_________________________________________________________________________

4:30-34. The beginning of the Kingdom of God were small; yet


because it has life, it continues to grow, even to this day! How
might this be an encouragement to you?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:35-41. What key lesson was Jesus teaching his disciples in this
passage? (v. 40) Compare also 6:45-56.
_________________________________________________________________________

26

5:1-20. What lesson would the disciples have learned from this
event (Note v. 17, 20)?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:21-43. How did Jesus teach the disciples about faith in this
passage?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:1-6. For people in his home towndespite his many miraculous


signsJesus was just a carpenter! What lesson about faith is here?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Did Jesus have siblings? Of what consequence is this?


_________________________________________________________________________

6:7-13. Why is experience in ministry important to training


disciple?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:14-29. What about Herods guilty conscience regarding John the


Baptist was important for the disciples to hear?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:30-44.
When the disciples returned from their mission
assignment great crowds were around Jesus. What was He
teaching them when He said: you give them something to eat?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:45-52. What lesson did the disciples still need to learn?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:1-23. What important lesson did Jesus teach his disciples here?
See vs. 17-23.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7:24-30. Tyre was a coastal town outside Palestine. This woman


was a gentile. What lesson was here for the disciples?
_________________________________________________________________________

7:31-37. How did these people react to this healing?


_________________________________________________________________________

27

8:1-9. What lesson was Jesus seeking to teach the disciples?


_________________________________________________________________________

8:14-26. What is the leaven of the Pharisees?


_________________________________________________________________________

8:27-33. This is exam time for the disciples. In what did they do
well? In what did they fail?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

8:34-38. What experience is there here for us to learn?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

9:1-13. The meaning in v. 1 is seen in the following verses. A


glimpse of the glory of Christs second coming was given to Peter,
James and John during his transfiguration. At this time God
spoke, This is my beloved Son. Listen to him!
Is this an important lesson for us as well? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

9:14-29. While Jesus and the three disciples were gone, the other
disciples attempted but failed to drive out an evil spirit. Why
couldnt the disciples drive it out?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:30-33. How did the disciples respond to Jesus teaching here?


Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:34-37. How did Jesus teach this needed lesson about humility?
See also 10:13-16.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

9:38-41. What lesson does Jesus teach here?


_________________________________________________________________________

9:42-50. What is our responsibility toward children?


_________________________________________________________________________

28

10:1-12. As Jesus travels toward Judea, and his impending


crucifixion, he is asked about divorce. Summarize Jesus response.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

10:13-16.
children?

What lesson had the disciples yet to learn about

_________________________________________________________________________

10:17-31. What important lesson is taught here?


_________________________________________________________________________

10:32-34. This is Jesus final return to Jerusalem. The disciples


were probably astonished at Jesus boldness in view of the
intense opposition that now awaited Him. What message did
Jesus now communicate to them?
_________________________________________________________________________

10:35-45.
flunk?

What key test about leadership did James and John

_________________________________________________________________________

10:46-52. What lesson is here for the disciples to learn?


_________________________________________________________________________

3. Jesus Sacrificial Ministry, Chs. 1116


11:15-18. How did Jesus activity here facilitate his death?
_________________________________________________________________________

11:20-25. What message did Jesus teach in connection with the


withered fig tree?
_________________________________________________________________________

Throwing a mountain into the sea through prayer is hyperbole.


Not a literal but a figurative mountain is intended. God is the
God of that which is humanly impossible.
11:27-33. Jesus ministry authority was again challenged by the
Jewish leaders. John the Baptists ministry was one of repentance
and pointed to Jesus the lamb of God. Why didnt they know
weather John was a prophet or not?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:1-11. What was Jesus teaching through this parable?


_________________________________________________________________________

29

12:12. The religious leaders were now angling to bring about


Jesus death.
12:13-17. A trap! How did Jesus avoid it?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:18-27. Another trap, laid by the unbelieving Sadducees.


12:28-34. What was different about this mans question?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:35-37. What was Jesus teaching here?


_________________________________________________________________________

12:38-40. How would this teaching influence future events?


_________________________________________________________________________

13:1-37. The Herods Temple, made from huge stones, towered


15 stories into the air. Jesus used the disciples focus on it to teach
was important truth about the future?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:1-11. Religious leaders are now seeking to kill Jesus (14:1).


Judas Iscariot finally makes his move. (14:10)
_________________________________________________________________________

14:12-26. The Lords Supper that we celebrate is based on this


final supper that Jesus had with his disciples.
14:32-42. As Jesus prayed in Gethsemane He expressed his desire
to be delivered from this coming agonyyet was willing for it,
because it was his Fathers will (14:36).
14:43-52. Jesus arrest was, humanly speaking, the work of one of
the TwelveJudas. Though so utterly wrong, yet . . . let the
Scriptures be fulfilled. (v. 49)
14:53-65. Jesus is first taken before the Jewish leaders, called the
Sanhedrin. Before this body, what did Jesus freely confess?
With what result?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:66-72. Why did Peter disown Jesus?


_________________________________________________________________________

15:1-15. Why did Pilate turn Jesus over to be crucified?


15:16-41. Jesus greatest work is recorded here. Why did He say,
My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?

30

_________________________________________________________________________

15:39. What made the Centurion exclaim, Truly this man was the
Son of God!?
_________________________________________________________________________

It is amazing that this Roman commander (who presumably knew


nothing of Jesus previously) made such a statement.
Ch. 16. What is the significance of the resurrection of Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________

LUKE:
Good News for Prepared People
It seemed good to me also, having followed all things closely for some
time past, to write an orderly account for you,
most excellent Theophilus, that you may have certainty
concerning the things you have been taught.
Luke 1:3-4
Luke wrote this gospel, probably from Rome1. His stated purpose:
to write an orderly account for you, most excellent Theophilus2, that
you may have certainty concerning the things you have been taught,
1:3-4.
Theophilus was probably a Roman official, who had learned about
the Christian faith from others (1:4).
Outline of Lukes Gospel
1.
2.
3.
4.

The Appearance of the Messiah, 1:54:13


The Ministry of the Messiah, 4:149:50
The Message of the Messiah, 9:5119:28
The Sacrifice of the Messiah, 19:2924:53

AUTHORSHIP. That Luke was the author of this gospel was


universally held in antiquity. The Muratorian Canon (170)
included Luke. Also, authorship by Luke is affirmed by Irenaeus
1
2

He had accompanied Paul there as a prisoner, Acts 27.

Most excellent was a title of honor used for people of social rank. Theophilus means
lover of God.

31

(130-202), Clement of Alexandria (150-215), and Tertullian (160225).


The person who wrote Luke almost certainly wrote Acts as well,
for the language and style of Luke and Acts are almost identical.
The we sections in Acts, (see 16:10-17; 20:14-21:18, and 27:128:16), clearly refer to Luke as Pauls traveling companion.
Luke was a Gentile and possibly a Roman citizen.
medical doctor (Colossians 4:14).

He was a

Background to Luke
DATE AND LOCATION. The time between 59 and 63 is likely. Luke
probably wrote from the coastal town of Caesarea, where Paul
was for a time imprisoned (Acts 23:23, 24:27).
INTENDED READERS. Most excellent Theophilus (Luke 1:3) was the
usual title for high officials in Roman government3. While Luke
wrote specifically for Theophilus, his Gospel was appropriate for
Gentiles generally. By way of support of this, note the following:
Luke dates his writing from the then-reigning Roman ruler.
He seldom quotes the Old Testament.
He translates Hebrew words into Greek.
He never uses the Hebrew word, Rabbi, but rather the Greek,
Master.
He traces the descent of Jesus, not to Abraham, as does
Matthews gospel, but to Adam, the founder of the human race.
He leaves out events that might be offensive to Gentiles, such as
those in Mt. 7:6; 10:5, 6; 20:16; and 22:14.

MAJOR EMPHASES OF LUKES GOSPEL


1. This gospel is Pauline in tone. For example, the free and
spiritual nature of Christianity expressed is similar to that of
Pauls writings. It advocates faith apart from the Law. It speaks
clearly of Gods grace and mercy, and of the works of the Holy
Spirit. This is expected, since Luke was Pauls companion and
fellow missionary.
2. Luke gives many details of the events described. Note this in
1:5-7 as an example.
3. Luke emphasizes that salvation is available to allboth to Jews
and to non-Jews. It was available to Samaritan (9:51-56, 68-79;
10:30-37; 17:11-19); Gentiles (2:32; 3:6, 38; 4:25-27; 7:9; 10:1; 13:29;
3

Paul also used this title in addressing Festus, Acts 26:25.

32

21:24; 24:47); Jews (1:33, 54, 68-79; 2:10); tax collectors, rank
sinners, and outcasts (3:12, 13; 5:27-32; 15:1, 2; 11-32; 18:9-14; 19:210; 23:43); the respectable (7:36; 11:37; 14:1); the rich (19:2; 23:50);
and the poor (1:53; 2:7, 8, 24; 4:18; 6:20, 21; 7:22; 14:13, 21, 16:20,
23).
4. Luke emphasized the place and ministry of women, despite
negative views by both Jews and Gentiles. The ministry of
Elizabeth and Mary the mother of Jesus is featured in chapter 1.
Also featured is the ministry of: Anna (2:36-37), the widow at Nan
(7:11-15), a sinner at the house of Simon 7:36-39), Mary Magdalene
(24:10), Joanna (8:3), Susanna (8:3), the woman with an issue (8:4344), Martha and Mary (10:38-41), the widow with two mites (21:2),
the daughters of Jerusalem (23:28), and the women at the tomb
(24:1-3).
5. Prayer is a focus in this Gospel, by Jesus example and
teaching. On seven occasions Luke records prayers of Jesus which
are not mentioned in the other gospels: 3:21; 5:16; 6:12; 9:18; 9:29;
11:1; 23:34, 46. See also 22:32, 40. Similarly, Luke alone records
Jesus teaching on (importunate) prayer, found in 11:5-13 and 18:18.
6. An emphasis on praise and thanksgiving. Luke alone records
praise songs from the first century church: the song of the angels
(1:68-79); and the song of Simon (2:29-32). The expression
praising God is almost unique to Luke (2:13,20; 18:43; 19:37;
24:53).
7. An emphasis on the Holy Spirit is evident. See 1:35,41,67; 2:2527; 3:16, 22; 4:14, 18; 10:21; 11:13; 12:10, 12.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-4. To prepare this gospel account, Luke had
many accounts of Jesus life available to him (see Schaff, Vol.; I,
pg. 90).
It was probably during Pauls long Caesarean
imprisonment (Acts 23:23Ch. 26) that Luke interviewed
eyewitnesses, and wrote this orderly account in impeccable
Greek.
1. The Appearance of the Messiah, 1:1-4:13
1:1-4. While not an eye witness, Luke, followed all things closely
carefully, wrote an orderly account of the life and teachings of
Jesus Christ.
1:5-25. John the Baptists birth was very special, vs. 7, 13, 18-20.
What was john/s specific ministry, v. 16-17?
_________________________________________________________________________

33

1:26-35. What distinguishes Johns birth from that of Jesus?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:33. What does this verse mean?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:48. What does calling Mary blessed involve?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:57-66. Luke here gives the details of the birth of John the Baptist.
What was the special ministry his father Zechariah prophesied
regarding his son? (v. 76)
_________________________________________________________________________

1:80. John remained in the wilderness until the time came to


begin his ministry. The Qumran community was one of several
groups that lived in that area. It is likely that John was with one
such group.
2:1-7. What political event determined where Jesus would be
born?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:8-20. Is it significant that God revealed the birth of the Savior of


the world to simple peasants, rather than to the religious leaders?
If so, what is that significance.
_________________________________________________________________________

2:25-32. What two-fold ministry did Simon prophecy that Jesus


would have?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:41-52. How did Jesus distinguish Himself as a child?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:1-20. What was the primary message of John the Baptist?


_________________________________________________________________________

How does the message of 3:4-5 apply in your life?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:15-16. How did John distinguish himself from Jesus?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:1. Jesus was both full of the Holy Spirit and led by the Spirit (v.
1) when his temptation began. When it was over, He returned to

34

Galilee in the power of the Spirit (v. 14). What is the practical
significance of this for you? Compare Ephesians 5:18.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. The Ministry of the Messiah, 4:14-9:50


4:14-30. How did the people in his hometown initially receive
Him?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:29. What changed, so that they wanted to kill Him?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:31-41. Of what significance is it that the demons identified Him


as the Son of God?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:43. Why did Jesus then leave the area?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:1-11. What was the primary lesson Jesus taught Peter here?
_________________________________________________________________________

What application of this lesson is there for you?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:12-16. Why did Jesus not yet want his real identity known?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:17-26. What all-important truth did Jesus communicate to these


large religious leaders?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:27-32. By calling Levi, a despised tax collector, Jesus teaches a


key truth. What is it?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:33-39. What did Jesus mean about new wineskins?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:1-11. What did Jesus mean: The Son of Man is Lord of the
Sabbath?

35

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:12-16. Before selecting 12 apostles, Jesus spent an entire night in


prayer. What lesson is there in this for us?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:17-49. Share one concept from this sermon that will change your
life going forward.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7:1-10. Why did Jesus heal the servant of a Roman military


officer?
_________________________________________________________________________

7:11-23. Jesus is now hailed as a great prophet (v. 16). What did
Jesus mean by his message to John the Baptist in v. 22-23)?
_________________________________________________________________________

7:30. What does a person do to reject the purpose of God?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:36-50. What truth is Jesus here seeking to teach the Pharisees?


_________________________________________________________________________

8:1-3. Is there a message for you here? If so, what is it?


_________________________________________________________________________

8:4-15. In this parable, to what does the soil refer? The seed? Can
we alter the soil of our heart? If so, how?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

8:16-18. In context, v. 18 means: listen, and respond positively to


what Jesus is saying. Dont be like Pharisees. If you do, even what
you think you have will be taken away from you.
_________________________________________________________________________

8:19-21. Why did Jesus respond this way to this request from
family?
_________________________________________________________________________

36

8:22-25. What difference can this experience make during the


storms in your life?
_________________________________________________________________________

8:26-39. From this story of a healed demoniac, why do you think


Jesus told him to go home? How might this apply to you?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

8:40-56. Jesus healing ministry continues, with the healing of the


woman and the raising of Jairus daughter. Why did Jesus order
people to tell no one what had happened? (v. 56)
_________________________________________________________________________

9:1-6. What was the kingdom of God the disciples preached?


9:7-9. Herod was curious; perhaps even concerned. Who was this
person, and what is this kingdom of God that He preached?
9:10-17. What lesson did the disciples learn from this miracle?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:18-22. Why did Jesus not want people to know He was the
Christ of Godthe promised Messiah of Israel?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:23-24. What is your thoughtful response to Jesus words here?


_________________________________________________________________________

9:27-36. With Jesus were Moses and Elijah. Which of these were
they to listen to? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:37-45. Jesus spoke of a faithless and twisted generation because


they were seeking miracles but not his call to repentance.
_________________________________________________________________________

9:46-48. What did Jesus teach about who is the greatest in the
kingdom of heaven? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3. The Message of the Messiah, 9:5119:28


9:51-56. Jesus now set his face to go to Jerusalem. To the slight by
the Samaritans, Jesus sets the godly example.

37

9:57-62. Along the way they met two men who desired to follow
Him. Let me first go and bury my father meant, until my father
passes away.
10:1-20. The 72 were appointed to travel ahead, where they had a
wonderful ministry. While it is wonderful to be used in Gods
service, what is our greatest blessing (10:20)?
_________________________________________________________________________

10:25-37. What does this parable teach about who our neighbor is?
_________________________________________________________________________

10:38-42. While on their way, Martha opened her home to them.


How can you apply Jesus comments to yourself?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

11:1-13. Following the Lords prayer (11:2-4) Jesus taught his


disciples more about prayer. The verbs in v. 9 are presentcontinuous in Greek. Thus, how are we to pray?
_________________________________________________________________________

11:14-28. Some now claimed his miracles were the work of


demons. But if they are not, what does this mean?
_________________________________________________________________________

11:29-32. What is greater than Solomon? Jonah? Clearly: Jesus!


11:33-36. What did Jesus mean when He said, Your eye is the
lamp of your body?
_________________________________________________________________________

11:37-52. Why did Jesus so blatantly offend his host?


_________________________________________________________________________

11:53-54. What was their response?


_________________________________________________________________________

12:1. What is the leaven of the Pharisees?


_________________________________________________________________________

12:2-12. Which part of this message speaks most to you, and why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

38

12:13-21. How does this parable apply to us as believers?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

12:22-34. Concerning your worries, how do these words apply?


_________________________________________________________________________

12:35-48. Why did Jesus say, Be dressed ready for service and
keep your lamps burning (v. 35)?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

13:22-30. In what way is the kingdom of God narrow?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

13:31-34. Why was Jesus committed to going to Jerusalem?


_________________________________________________________________________

14:1-6. Why do you think the prominent Pharisee invited Jesus


to dinner?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:7-14. What practical lesson did Jesus teach his fellow dinner
guests?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:15-24. Who were the two kinds of guests in this parable?


_________________________________________________________________________

14:26-27. How does this passage apply in your life?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

15:1-32. Jesus here spoke of lost: sheep, coins, and a son. What
was his purpose in telling these parables? (v. 2)
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

16:1-15. What is the main point in the parable about the shrewd
manager?

39

_________________________________________________________________________

16:16-18. The Old Covenant ended with John the Baptist.


Following that, the good news of the Kingdom of God has come.
How does that truth impact the validity of the Law?
_________________________________________________________________________

16:19-31. Why is it difficult for the rich to enter the kingdom of


God?
_________________________________________________________________________

17:1-4. What did Jesus here say about sin?


_________________________________________________________________________

17:6-10. How did Jesus respond to the disciples request to


increase their faith?
_________________________________________________________________________

As Jesus made his way to Jerusalem, He took the common route


south, which was east of the Jordan River. On an earlier trip, Jesus
had traveled through and ministered in Samara, the more direct
route. See Luke 9:51-56; John chapter 4.
17:11-19. Based on this story, discuss the role of thankfulness.
_________________________________________________________________________

17:20-37. Commonly understood among Jews of that day was that


when the Messiah came He would establish an earthly kingdom.
This was especially longed for because of the Roman domination
of their land. Jesus here spoke of the kingdom of God, as being
both (17:21): __________________ and (17:24) ____________________________
When we acknowledge Christ as Lord, his kingdom reigns within
us. A day will come when He returns to establish his Kingdom on
earth. It is the coming of this Kingdom that Jesus speaks of in
17:22-37.
18:1-8. What was Jesus purpose in telling this parable?
_________________________________________________________________________

18:9-14. Why did He tell this parable?


_________________________________________________________________________

18:15-17. Why does the kingdom of God belong to children?


_________________________________________________________________________

18:18-30. Why is it difficult for the rich to enter the kingdom?

40

_________________________________________________________________________

18:31-34. Jesus had frequently spoken about the real purpose for
his coming. See Luke 9:31, 44, 51; 12:49; 13:32-33; 17:25. Why do
you think they still did not get it?
_________________________________________________________________________

18:35-43. Why was this blind man healed?


_________________________________________________________________________

19:1-10. What did Jesus mean in v. 10? Arent all people lost?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

19:11-27. How is the story of the mines applicable today?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4. The Sacrifice of the Messiah, 19:2824:53


19:28-44. When Jesus came to Jerusalem He predicted the demise
of the city (v. 44). Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

Unethical pricing of sacrificial animals and money changing


policies caused Jesus to speak as He did in v. 46.
19:45-48. Why were the religious leaders trying to kill Him?
_________________________________________________________________________

20:1-8. Jesus answered their question about his authority by


asking them about Johns authority. What answer did they give
Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________

What was the source of Jesus authority? ____________________________


20:9-19. What was the meaning of this parable. How did it relate
to Jesus death?
_________________________________________________________________________

20:20-26. Foiling the spies trap was easy for Jesus. What is the
continuing application of this truth?
_________________________________________________________________________

41

20:27-40. How did Jesus prove the resurrection, in v. 37-38, and


based on Exodus 3:6?
_________________________________________________________________________

20:41-44. What is the implication of this quote from Psalms?


_________________________________________________________________________

21:1-4. How does this apply to your giving?


_________________________________________________________________________

21:5-36. Jesus here speaks of his return with power and great
glory. Which of the signs of the end of our age do you see in the
world today?
_________________________________________________________________________

How should we then live?


_________________________________________________________________________

22:1-6. What caused Judas to betray Jesus?


_________________________________________________________________________

22:7-19. The Passover meal was celebrated in memory of the Jews


deliverance from Egypt, when the angel of death passed over
their homes.
Our deliverance is based on Christs death on the Cross. How did
He explain this to his disciples?
_________________________________________________________________________

22:39-46. The agony of Jesus impending death was heavy upon


Him. How did the disciples respond to this?
_________________________________________________________________________

22:54-62. Relate this account of Peters betrayal to 12:8-9.


_________________________________________________________________________

22:63-70. What was the statement that brought about Jesus death?
_________________________________________________________________________

23:1-25. Jesus trial was a total sham. Mob rule, led by the
religious rulers, prevailed. Yet Gods purpose, as painful it is to
think about, was in place. Christs suffering was for you, and for
me.
23:26-56. Christs crucifixion, death and burial then followed, and
the marvelous story of the resurrection are told in Ch. 24.

42

24:1-8. The women finally remembered Jesus words, although


He had repeatedly spoken about it.
24:9-12. How did the disciples respond to this exciting report?
_________________________________________________________________________

24:13-35. How did Jesus teach these disciples about Himself?


_________________________________________________________________________

24:36-43. How did Jesus demonstrate his resurrection?


_________________________________________________________________________

24:46-49. What was the final message that Jesus left with his
disciples?
_________________________________________________________________________

43

Lesson 3

JOHN:
Good News for All who Believe
these are written so that you may believe that
Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God,
and that by believing you may have life in his name
John 20:31
Johns Gospel contains three main parts:
1. His Ministry Signs, Ch. 211
This, the first of his signs, Jesus did at Cana in Galilee, and manifested
his glory. And his disciples believed in him, Jn. 2:11
2. His Sacrificial Sign, Ch. 1219
The Jews said to him, What sign do you show us for doing these
things? Jesus answered them, Destroy this temple, and in three days I
will raise it up . . . he was speaking about the temple of his body. Jn.
2:18-21
3. His Resurrection Sign, Ch. 2021
Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of the disciples, which
are not written in this book; but these are written so that you may believe
that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may
have life in his name. Jn. 20:30-31
The record of these miraculous signs means that Johns Gospel
should be a primary source for sharing the Good News. Note that:
John 1:1-3, 14reveals Jesus as the Son of God and Creator of
the world.
John 1:12states how to become a Christian.
John 3:1-8shows why the new birth is essential.
Background to John
AUTHORSHIP. Although not directly claiming authorship, John
refers to himself affectionately as the disciple whom Jesus loved in
13:23; 19:26; 20:2; 21:7, 20, and 24. Since the other apostles are
mentioned, it seems obvious that indeed he was the writer.

44

Another indication of this is that the Greek in the epistles of John


are very similar to that of the Gospel of John.
The early church Fathers affirm that John the Apostle wrote this
Gospel. Among these are Irenaeus and Tertullian. Clement of
Alexandria said that John, who was, urged on by his disciples,
and divinely moved by the Spirit, composed a spiritual Gospel.
John may have been a first cousin of Jesus, as his mother might
have been Salome, who possibly was a sister of Mary. Compare
Matthew 27:56; Mark 15:40; 16:1, and John 19:25. John was a
fisherman by trade, called by Jesus to be one of his disciples.
DATE OF WRITING. Many scholars believe John was written during
the last decade of the first century. More recently however, some
scholars are suggesting an earlier date. They argue for a date
before the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD, since John make no
mention of this catastrophic event. This earlier date is supported
by the expression there is in Jerusalem . . . a pool (5:2)
instead of there was a poolif in fact John wrote after Jerusalem
was destroyed.
INTENDED READERS. Since John wrote an evangelistic purpose, it
follows that his intended readers lived throughout the Greek
speaking world.
UNIQUENESS OF JOHNS GOSPEL. In keeping with Johns special
reasons for writing, over 90% of its content is uniquethat is, it is
not found in the other three gospels.
This special purpose and uniqueness calls for a special focus on
this gospel in this study of the New Testament.
MAJOR THEMES. The first is life (zoe). In keeping with his
evangelistic purpose, John mentions the word life 36 times. This
life spoken of here is spiritual; it is what God offers men to free
them from the grip of sin and death. A few examples are: in him
was life (1:4); everyone who believes in Him may have eternal
life (3:15); He gives the light of life (8:12); and He is the life
(14:6).
Believe (pisteuo) occurs 98 times in this Gospeltelling us how
important abiding faith is. The consistent use of the present tense
means that an authentic, active, and abiding belief in Jesus is
necessary. This word sets forth Johns evangelistic purpose. See
1:7, 12; 3:18; 5:24; 6:29, 47; 6:35; 9:35; 11:40; 12:36, 37; and 20:31.
Spirit (pneuma). There is more emphasis on the work of Gods
Spirit here than in any other gospel. The Spirit gives birth to spirit
3:6; the wind blows . . . so is everyone born of the Spirit 3:8; true

45

worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and in truth 4:24; when
the Counselor comes . . . the Spirit of truth 15:26.
Remain (meno) The word in Greek occurs at least 25 times in
Johns gospel. It is translated into English by remain, continue,
hold to and abide. Sample passages are: Gods wrath abides on
him who (rejects the Son), 3:36; and, no one who believes in me should
stay in darkness 12:46. Verses relating to the Christian include: if
you hold to my teaching, you are really my disciples 8:31; remain in
me, and I will remain in you and neither can you bear fruit unless you
remain in me. 15:4
Witness (marturia) The word witness is used 14 times in this
Gospel, and the related verb testify 33 times, reflecting Johns
desire to proclaim Christ as the Savior of the world. Examples are
found in: 1:7; 3:11; 5:31,39;
Overview of Johns Gospel
Introduction, Ch. 1
In 1:1-5; 14 he is identified as the Word4 that became flesh, the
Creator5. Vs. 14 identifies the Word with Jesus.
In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the
Word was God6. The term Word was used by Jews of God7.
He was in the beginning with God. All things were made through him,
and without him was not any thing made that was made (1:2-3).
In the remainder of chapter 1 John the Baptist is identifies Jesus as
the Lamb of God (1:29, 36) and as the Son of God and Messiah
(1:41, 1:49)
1. His Ministry Signs Chs. 211.
His ministry signs validated who he was, and showed his power
over his creation. Seven are recorded in this section.
1. Water to wine (2:1-12)
2. Healing of the officials son (4:43-54)
3. Healing a paralyzed man (5:1-15)
4. Feeding 5000 (6:1-15)
5. Walking on water (6:16-24)
4
5
6

Cf. Gen. 1 where the world is created through the spoken word of God.
See 1 Cor. 8:6; Col. 1:15-16; Heb. 1:2.

God (without the article), means that the nature of God was the nature of the Word.
Thus the word was a god (New World Translation) is not valid.
7
The Targums (Aramaic translations of the Hebrew O.T. substituted God for the Word.

46

6. Healing a man born blind (9:1-12)


7. Raising Lazarus from the dead (11:1-44)
2. His Sacrificial Sign, Chs. 1219.

Matthew 12:38-40 tells us that some of the scribes and Pharisees


said, we wish to see a (another) sign from you. But Jesus
responded that no sign was going to be given, except that just as
Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great
fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the
heart of the earth.
In this final week prior to the crucifixion Jesus prepared his
disciples for the future, including modeling humility (13);
heavens reality (14); that abiding is essential, even when
persecuted (15-16); and his high priestly prayer for the disciples in
Ch. 17. Chs. 18-19 records the events surrounding the crucifixion.
I3. His Resurrection Sign, Chs. 2022.
The final two chapters record the amazing events that took place
following Jesus resurrection. The most gripping are Jesus words
to Peter: Do you love me . . . feed my sheep. Jesus would say the
same words to usif we love him, lets be about the ministry of
feeling his people.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, Ch. 1
John begins: In the beginning was the Word. The Greeks used
Word (Gr., logos) to refer to the principle that controls all things.
The Jews used it as a word for God.
1:1-5. How is the Word identified with God8?
_________________________________________________________________________

With the physical universe?


_________________________________________________________________________

With people of the world?


_________________________________________________________________________

John launches into his evangelistic purpose by using these three


terms. Why are each vital to sharing Christ?
8

In Greek the definite article ho before God (theos) functions as an adjective. The
meaning is that who God is, the Word is.

47

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:6-9. What was John the Baptists role in proclaiming Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________

Why is the term light appropriate to Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:10-13. Christs coming to his own refers to the Jewish people,


who had largely rejected Him. John therefore goes beyond them
to addresses the worldall who will hear his message.
How does one become a Christian? What happens when we do?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:14. Who is The Word? Compare 1:1.


_________________________________________________________________________

1:15-28. How did John the Baptist describe his ministry?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:29. Why did John introduce Jesus as the Lamb of God?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:30-34. How did John know that Jesus was the Christ, the Son of
God?
_________________________________________________________________________

The term Christ means anointed one and was the term used
by Jews for the Messiah prophesied in the Old Testament.
1:35-36. Since Jesus was the Son of God (1:34), why would John
identify Him as the Lamb of God?
1:37-42. Here Jesus called the first disciples. Jesus changed
Simons name to Cephas, Both Cephas (Aramaic) and Peter
(Greek) mean rock. Compare Mathew 16:18.
1:43. Jesus had been in Judea in connection with the ministry of
John the Baptist, and was baptized by him (Matthew 3:13-17).
Now however, Jesus returned to Galilee, several days journey to
the north.
1:45-51. What caused Nathaniel to change his mind about Jesus?

48

_________________________________________________________________________

1. His Ministry Signs Chs. 211.


John referred to Jesus miracles as signs9 (2:11). They were so
designated because they pointed to who Jesus wasthe Christ,
the Savior of the worldrather than to the miracle itself.
SIGN #1: TURNING WATER INTO WINE, 2:1-11
What impact did this miraculous sign have on the disciples?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:12-22. John next records Jesus ministry in the Temple10 at


Jerusalem during the Passover. There He dealt decisively with
those who were making my Fathers house a house of trade. The
Jews then asked for a miraculous sign to prove He had the right
to do this. What sign did He say He would give them?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:23. What impact did his performing other miraculous signs


have on people in Jerusalem?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:24-25. Why do you think Jesus responded this way?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:1-21. While still in Judea, a Pharisee of the Jewish ruling council


visited Jesusat night! What did he believe about Jesus because of
these miraculous signs?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:3. What was Jesus response to this religious leader?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:5. Jesus insists that we must be born of water and the Spirit.11
What do you think this means?
_________________________________________________________________________

In Jesus day it was expected that a prophet of God would validate his ministry by
performing miracles. See Mt. 12:38; 16:1; 1 Co. 1:22.
10
The cleansing of the Temple in 2:13-22) took place near the end of his ministry, as
indicated in Mt. 21:12-16; Mk. 11:15-19; and Lk. 19:45-47.
11
Thoughts about what Jesus meant by water include: the water in the wombthus of
physical birth, see 3:4, 6; or the water used for Jewish ceremonial purification, see 3:25; or
to Johns baptizing. John 3:22-23; 4:1.

49

3:16-18. How do we actually become born again?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:19-21. What keeps some from being born again?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:22-36. John the Baptist says that Jesus comes from above
whereas John is of the earth. What is meant by this distinction?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:1-4. Jesus ministry in Judea was growing to the point where He


was outpacing that of John the Baptist. Then Jesus returned to
Galilee. Between Judea and Galilee was Samaria, where a people
of corrupt Jewish faith lived.
4:5-26. What did Jesus teach the Samaritan woman regarding:
Living water?
_________________________________________________________________________

Worship?
_________________________________________________________________________

The Messiah?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:27-38. When the disciples came back with food, Jesus taught
them another lesson. What was it?
_________________________________________________________________________

What impact does v. 35 have on your life?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:39-42. What was the impact of Jesus ministry in Samaria?


_________________________________________________________________________

SIGN #2: HEALING AN OFFICIALS SON, 4:43-54.


Soon after Jesus returned to Galilee He was met by an official,
(probably Roman) whose son was at deaths door. How did this
official respond to this miraculous sign?
_________________________________________________________________________

The initial hesitancy to meet this need (v. 48) probably focused on
others in his entourage, or to Jews listening.

50

SIGN #3: HEALING AN INVALID OF 38 YEARS, 5:1-16


Jesus healed this man instantly. What was the problem the Jews
had with that?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:17, 18. Why did the Jews object to Jesus speaking of God as My
Father?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:19-27. Jesus turned this miraculous sign into an opportunity to


preach. Speaking to these unbelieving Jews, Jesus said that the
Son gives life to whom he will (vs. 21), which means that He is
pleased to give it to whoever hears His word and believes him
who sent Him (vs. 24).
5:28-47. The very Scriptures that these unbelieving Jews were
trusting to give eternal life Jesus said, really testify about Him (v.
39). And further Jesus said, He was not condemning them; rather
it was Moses, (i.e. the Law) that condemned them. Why was this
so?
_________________________________________________________________________

SIGN #4: FEEDING 5,000, 6:1-15


6:14. This miraculous sign involved feeding 5,000 people with five
small barley loaves and two small fish. How did this miracle
initially impact the people?12
_________________________________________________________________________

6:15. Why did Jesus respond this way?


_________________________________________________________________________

SIGN #5: WALKING ON WATER, 6:16-21


6:16-21. In your view, what message was communicated to the
disciples by this miracle?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:22-51. After 5,000 were miraculously fed, the crowds naturally


continued to follow Jesus. What spiritual lesson was He seeking
to teach these people?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:35. What did Jesus mean by saying, I am the bread of life.


12
The people in Jesus day expected such a prophet would appear. See Deut. 18:15.

51

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:44. In light of 6:40 how do you understand this verse?


_________________________________________________________________________

6:60-71. What is it that distinguishes those who turn back (vs.


66) from those who continue to follow the Lord?
_________________________________________________________________________

The Feast of Booths in chapter 7 was both a time of thanksgiving


for the years harvest and for Gods supernatural provision during
the 40 years their ancestors lived in the desert.
7:1-9. Why did Jesus initially not attend this feast?
_________________________________________________________________________

7:10-13. Later however, Jesus did go, but in secret. Among the
common people, what were the two views about Him?
_________________________________________________________________________

7:14-52. During the Feast Jesus again began to teach at the


Temple. What was his challenge and invitation? (vs. 17-19)
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7:37-39. What does this invitation mean? What will result?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:32, 46. Why did the temple guards not arrest Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________

8:1-11. What would Jesus say to an adulterous person today?


_________________________________________________________________________

8:13-30. Who did Jesus claim to be? (vs. 25,42)


_________________________________________________________________________

8:31-41. What does it mean to hold13 to Jesus teachings?


_________________________________________________________________________

8:42-47. How would the Jewish leaders have reacted to these


words? Why then did He speak thus?
13

The root word in Greek is meno, to abide.

52

_________________________________________________________________________

8:48-59. What did Jesus claim about Himself?


_________________________________________________________________________

SIGN #6: HEALING A MAN WHO WAS BORN BLIND, 9:1-41


9:1-12. Why was this man born blind according to Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:13-41. How did the Pharisees respond to this healing?


_________________________________________________________________________

9:35-38. How did the blind man respond?


_________________________________________________________________________

9:39.

What does Jesus statement about the blind mean?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 10 is based on the response of the Pharisees to the healing


of the blind man in 9:41. Because the Pharisees were blind
spiritually, they could not lead the sheep either.
10:1-10. Who is the gate to the sheep pen?
_________________________________________________________________________

10:11-21. Who is the good shepherd?


_________________________________________________________________________

What was his special work?


_________________________________________________________________________

10:22-42. What is characteristic of Jesus sheep? (10:27)


_________________________________________________________________________

What is Jesus promise to them? (10:28-29)


_________________________________________________________________________

How did the Jews respond to Jesus clear claim to deity? (10:30-39)
_________________________________________________________________________

SIGN #7: RAISING OF LAZARUS FROM THE DEAD, 11:1-55


11:1-16. Why did Jesus delay four days before going to Lazarus?
_________________________________________________________________________

53

11:17-37. What important truth about the resurrection did Jesus


teach to Martha?
_________________________________________________________________________

11:38-53. How did the Jewish leaders respond to the raising of


Lazarus? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:1-11. While Jesus was at a dinner in his honor, the priests made
plans to kill Lazarus too. Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:12-36. Jesus was being widely acclaimed.


respond? (vs. 23-28)

How did He

_________________________________________________________________________

12:37-50. With what words does Jesus identify Himself with God?
_________________________________________________________________________

2. His Sacrificial Sign, Chs. 1219.


Even the miraculous sign of raising Lazarus did not persuade the
Jewish leadersin fact, they saw Jesus as a radical who was
dangerous to their heritage, and who therefore must be stopped.
So Jesus now focuses on the further training of the disciples, and
to his coming death on the Cross.
LESSON #1: ABOUT FOOT WASHING.
13:1-17. What lesson was Jesus teaching by washing the disciples
feet? Notice v. 7.
_________________________________________________________________________

13:14-17. How should we fulfill this command?


_________________________________________________________________________

13:18-30. How was it that Satan entered into Judas Iscariot?


_________________________________________________________________________

13:31-38. Just as He had predicted over and again, Jesus death


was now imminent. Jesus saw all this, including what Peter
would do. What did Jesus mean, Now is the Son of Man
glorified?
_________________________________________________________________________

54

LESSON #2: ABOUT WHAT IT MEANS TO LOVE JESUS.


14:1-4. What two things did Jesus say He would do after He left
them?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:6. How will this statement influence our ministry?


_________________________________________________________________________

14:12-14. What are the greater works we can do, and for what
purpose?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:15-31. What is the relationship between love and obedience in


this passage?
_________________________________________________________________________

LESSON #3: ABOUT ABIDING IN CHRIST.


15:1-17. In this imagery of the vine (Christ) and the branches
(believers), what is essential for spiritual fruit bearing?
_________________________________________________________________________

What happens to those who do not abide in Christ? (v. 6)


_________________________________________________________________________

How do we prove that we are truly his disciples? (v. 8)


_________________________________________________________________________

What does v. 16 mean to you?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

15:18-20. Record what your heart is telling you about being


prepared for times of persecution.
_________________________________________________________________________

15:26-27. How can we effectively witness to others?


_________________________________________________________________________

LESSON #4: ABOUT THE COMFORTER.


16:5-11. What ministry will the Counselor have in regard to the
world? Toward believers?
_________________________________________________________________________

55

16:17-33. The disciples were still not clear about what Jesus was
saying. What did his explanation to them in vs. 19-22 mean?
_________________________________________________________________________

16:29-33. When the disciples did voice their belief, what did Jesus
promise them?
_________________________________________________________________________

LESSON #5: ABOUT JESUS PRAYER MINISTRY.


In chapter 17 Jesus prayed this prayer right before his arrest.
17:3. How did Jesus define eternal life?
_________________________________________________________________________

17:11, 15. What did Jesus pray for his disciples?


_________________________________________________________________________

17:17-19. For what else did He pray? What does this mean?
_________________________________________________________________________

17:20. How do we know that Jesus is also praying for us?


_________________________________________________________________________

17:21. What is the focus of his praying? Cf. vs. 11


_________________________________________________________________________

17:24. What was his final prayer for his disciples?


_________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 18 brings us to the arrest of Jesus.


18:6. The soldiers drew back and fell to the ground. Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

LESSON #6: ABOUT THE COST OF FOLLOWING JESUS.


18:15-17, 25-27. In light of this failure, how could God later use
Peter so significantly (Recorded in Acts chapters 212)?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Ch 19. Jews were not allowed to execute anyone (18:31), which is


why Jesus was turned over to Pilate. The whole trial was bogus.
What aspect of the Crucifixion impresses you most, and why?
_________________________________________________________________________

56

_________________________________________________________________________

3. His Resurrection Sign, Chs. 2022.


20:19, 26. How was it that, after the Resurrection, Jesus was able
to enter where the disciples were, even though the door was
locked?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

21:1-6. What lesson is there for you from this story of a


miraculous catch of fish?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

21:15-17. How do you understand this passage in conjunction


with 18:17, 25-27?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Final Observation
Jesus frequently appeared pressured into performing a miracle.
For example, the turning of water into wine, John 2:4; the healing
of the officials son, John 4:47-48; and in the healing of the
Canaanite woman, Matthew 15:21-28.
Is there a lesson to be learned from this, and if so, what is it?
Compare Matthew 18:1-8.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

57

Lesson 4

ACTS:
How the Early Church Grew
You will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you;
and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and
Samaria, and to the ends of the earth,
Acts 1:8.
The two Christian leaders who were used by God were: Peter to
establish the Church, and Paul to expand the Church.
1. Peters Leadership Establishing the Church, Chs. 1-12
In Judea, Galilee and Samaria, 1:19:31
In Phoenicia, Cyprus and Antioch, 9:3212:25
2. Pauls Leadership Growing the Church, Ch. 13-28
His First Missionary Journey, 13:114:28
His Second Missionary Journey, 15:3618:22
His Third Missionary Journey, 18:2321:16
His Missionary Journey to Rome, 21:1728:31
Background of Acts
AUTHORSHIP. The arguments in favor of Lukes authorship of the
Gospel according to Luke also apply to his authorship of the Acts
of the Apostles. They are, 1) the same person who wrote Luke
also wrote Acts (Acts 1:1); 2) the author of Acts was a traveling
companion of Paul (note the we sections in Acts 16:10-17; 20:5 to
21:18; 27:1 to 28:16); and 3) that this traveling companion, Luke,
therefore wrote both Luke and Acts.
The earliest testimony from church history likewise affirms Luke
to be the author of Acts. The Muratorian Canon of 170 states that
Luke was the author of Acts. And Eusebius (325) provides
numerous sources that state that Luke was the author of Acts.
DATE. It is possible that Luke wrote soon after the events
described at the end of Acts, that is, soon after 63. This date is
supported by the fact that Luke does not tell us the conclusion of
Pauls imprisonment in Rome (Acts 28:30-31). Nor does he speak

58

of the persecution of Christians that followed in 64. Nor does he


write of any events in the life of the church thereafter.
AUTHORS PURPOSE. The purpose Luke had in writing his Gospel
(see Luke 1:1-4) is the same as his purpose in writing Acts,
namely, to provide a historical account of Christianity up to his
present time.
INTENDED READERS Theophilus (meaning a lover of God) was
his immediate intended reader, and by extension, to all who are
likewise lovers of God. As with Luke, Acts was written for a
Greek speaking Gentile audience.
IMPORTANCE. The book of Acts not only provides the history of
the church from 33 to around 63, but also provides the historical
framework within which the majority of the New Testament
epistles were written.
Questions for Study and Discussion
1. Peters Leadership Establishing the Church, Chs. 112
IN JUDEA, GALILEE AND SAMARIA, 1:19:31
1:4 The disciples told were to wait in Jerusalem for the: ___________
_________________________

which would enable them to:

_________________________________________________________________________

Immediately after this, before their very eyes, the Lord Jesus:
_________________________________________________________________________

After the ascension of Christ, the apostles met to choose a


replacement for Judas Iscariot, 1:12-26.
Then, in obedience to the Lords command (1:4) the disciples
continued to wait in Jerusalem, 2:1-12. Suddenly, there was a
sound like a violent wind.
2:4 What was the evidence that they were now filled with the
Holy Spirit?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:5-6 How do you know that the Pentecost experience involved


speaking in actual languages?
_________________________________________________________________________

Following the Spirits coming, the now Spirit-empowered Peter


powerfully proclaimed that Christs death was by definite plan and
foreknowledge of God, and that everyone who calls on the name of the

59

Lord shall be saved. From that sermon, about 3,000 came to Christ.
This was followed by a time of blessing, peace, and growth for the
early Church, 2:42-47.
3:1-16 Peter continues Jesus ministry of miraculous healing,
including that of a lame beggar. Peter was careful to tell people
that the miracles taking place were accomplished through (v. 16)
_________________________________________________________________________

3:17-26 What challenge did Peter then give to those who


witnessed this miracle?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:1-3 Why did the religious leaders oppose Peters preaching?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:5-11 The Jewish leaders then challenged the apostles: By what


power or by what name did you do this? What was Peters response
to them?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:12-31 How will Peters affirmation in 4:12 affect your witness to


people who hold other religious views?
_________________________________________________________________________

After being commanded not to speak any more in the name of


Jesus, they returned to the group of disciples and prayed: Now,
Lord, look upon their threats and grant to your servants to continue to
speak your word with all boldness. (v. 29)
4:32-37 A number of unusual circumstances led these Christians
to sell personal possessions, even their homes and property, to
help provide for the physical needs of the group.
5:1-11 Among those who sold property was Ananias and
Sapphira. Why did the Lord then kill them?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:12-16 The apostles ministry included many signs and wonders,


that is, miraculous healings. In v. 17 we see that the Jewish
leaders were filled with jealousy.
5:17-24 The apostles were then put into jail, but were quickly
delivered by an angel, who told them to go back to the Temple
and speak to the people all the words of this Life (v. 20). What
message should the religious leaders have gotten from this?

60

_________________________________________________________________________

5:29 When are we to obey God rather than men?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:33-42 Due to the intervention of Gamaliel, a respected teacher of


the Law, the apostles were delivered from possible death. After
being flogged, and again warned, what did they do?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:1-7 As the ministry grew, so did problems. How did the


solution to this problem contribute to ministry growth?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:8 to 7:60 Stephens ministry included both powerful preaching


and healing. Then he too was brought before the Sanhedrin. What
did Stephen finally say that caused them to stone him? (v. 56)
_________________________________________________________________________

Witnessing his death was Saul, one day to become the apostle
Paul.
8:1 And there arose on that day a great persecution against the church
in Jerusalem. What was the impact of this persecution?
_________________________________________________________________________

8:3 How was Saul involved in this persecution?


_________________________________________________________________________

8:4-13 Those who were scattered preached the Word wherever


they went. Where did Philip go and with what effect?
_________________________________________________________________________

Both Stephen and Philip preached, even though they were not
apostles. What is implied by this fact?
_________________________________________________________________________

8:14-25 What took place that made it clear that Samaritans too
could be a part of the Church?
_________________________________________________________________________

8:26-40 Philips next missionary assignment took him to a road


leading to Gaza, where a fully prepared heart was waiting.
Describe what happened.
_________________________________________________________________________

61

_________________________________________________________________________

Ch. 9 recounts how Saul came to Christ, of his name change, and
of his missionary call. See 9:15.
IN PHOENICIA, CYPRUS AND ANTIOCH, 9:3212:25
9:32-43 Peter continued a ministry of healing. Not only did many
from Judea, Samaria, and Galilee come to faith, but now God was
about to do a new thing by reaching Gentiles. For this, Peter was
called to Caesarea, a coastal town about 30 miles north of Joppa.
10:1-8 What evidence was there that God had touched the heart of
this Roman army commander?
_________________________________________________________________________

10:9-23 How did God prepare Peters heart to make him willing to
go with these men? (Jewish law forbade eating certain unclean
animals, and this law was deeply ingrained in Peter.)
_________________________________________________________________________

10:44-48 How did God make it absolutely clear, that on the basis
of their faith in Christ, Gentiles were also acceptable to God?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

11:1-18 When Peter returned to Jerusalem he was at first called


on the carpet for eating with Gentiles. How did Peter explain his
actions, and with what result?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

From this point there was no containing the spread of the Word.
11:19-21 How did the gospel first come to Antioch? (a city about
300 miles to the north)
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

11:22-26 How did the church in Jerusalem respond to this news?


_________________________________________________________________________

12:1-19 How should the story of Peters escape from prison


encourage you and your church?
_________________________________________________________________________

62

_________________________________________________________________________

12:20-25 A stunning account of how God dealt with this vain


Roman ruler and persecutor of the Church. What is the lesson
here?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Pauls Leadership Growing the Church, Ch. 1328


PAULS FIRST MISSIONARY JOURNEY, 13:114:28
As a result of the preaching in Antioch, a great many believed and
turned to the Lord (11:21). When the Jerusalem church learned of
this, they sent Barnabas to investigate, (11:22). After a time
Barnabas went looking for Paul and when he found him, brought
him to Antioch to minister. Some time later the Holy Spirit said to
them:
_________________________________________________________________________

So after prayer and fasting the church sent forth Paul and
Barnabas to proclaim Christ to the Gentile world. They first sailed
for Cyprus, with John Mark as their helper. They proclaimed the
Gospel everywhere they went, finally arriving at Paphos on the
western end of the island.
13:6-12 Why did Sergius Paulus believe?
_________________________________________________________________________

13:38-39 After sailing from Paphos to Perga, on the southern coast


of Turkey, they traveled more than a hundred miles north to
another town named Antioch. On the Sabbath day they went to
the Jewish synagogue. When opportunity was given, Paul spoke.
What was the core emphasis of his message?
_________________________________________________________________________

13:45-46 What caused the Jews to later speak abusively of Paul?


With what result?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

14:1 Paul and his companions then traveled to Iconium, a city


located about 80 miles east of Antioch. What was the initial result
of their ministry there?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:2, 4-6 Then what happened?

63

_________________________________________________________________________

14:6-18 After their escape they continued their ministry in the


cities of Lystra, Derbe and the surrounding country. After
observing a mighty miracle in Lystra, the pagans sought to
worship Paul and Barnabas, assuming they were the gods Zeus
and Hermes
14:19 What turned the crowd so completely around so that they
ended up stoning Paul and leaving him for dead?
_________________________________________________________________________

After his recovery, Paul and his companions went to Derbe, where
they won a large number of disciples.
14:21-25 They then went back to these places where they had just
been. What does this say about their courage?
_________________________________________________________________________

What was their message to these new disciples of Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________

Ch. 15 tells us about the first church council in Jerusalem. What


pressing subject caused this council to convene?
_________________________________________________________________________

What was the decision rendered by these church leaders?


_________________________________________________________________________

PAULS SECOND MISSIONARY JOURNEY, 15:3618:22


15:36-41 After reporting back to their home church and a time of
ministry there, Paul wanted to return to their former places of
ministry. Before this began, Paul and Barnabas had a sharp
disagreement. What was this disagreement, and how was it
resolved?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Although temporarily rejected by Paul, Mark became a worthy


servant of the Lord (Colossians 4:10 and 2 Timothy 4:11).
Ch. 16 Timothy now joined this group. Because he was part
Gentile, and had not been circumcised, Paul circumcised him to
avoid unnecessary conflict with the Jews. They then ministered to
the churches as they shared the (Acts 15) decisions of the
Jerusalem Church leaders.

64

16:6-10 How were they guided to leave Turkey, and travel across
the Aegean Sea to Macedonia?
_________________________________________________________________________

16:13-15 They soon arrived at Philippi, a significant Roman city.


Although few Jews lived there, a small group gathered each
Sabbath, by the river to pray. The Lord opened Lydias heart, so
that she opened her home to the missionary team.
16:16-40 After spending some time in Philippi, opposition again
arose, sending Paul and Silas into prison. While locked in stocks
they sang hymns of praise to God. Describe What happened next
and how Paul and Silas were released.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

17:1-9 Paul and his companions then traveled to Thessalonica.


Following his strategy he first preached Christ in the local
Synagogue. With what result?
_________________________________________________________________________

17:10-15 His next stop was Berea, where the Jews were more
noble that those in Thessalonica. How so?
_________________________________________________________________________

Because of the arrival of persecuting Jews from Thessalonica, the


Berean believers got Paul away, and traveled with him all the way
to Athens.
17:16-34 Athens was a city of historic renown for its literary,
philosophical and architectural brilliance. Pauls message to
Epicurean14 and Stoic15 philosophers at the Areopagus ended with
little more than a sneer. There is no record of a New Testament
church being planted in Athens.
After using this intellectual approach at Athens, Paul went on to
Corinth, where he resolved to focus on Jesus Christ and him
crucified. (1 Corinthians 2:1-2)
Corinth is located on an isthmus, where many ships were
transported overland on a wooden tram, rather than risk the more
dangerous trip around Cape Malea.
It was a key port
characterized by pompous luxury, athletic events, and immorality.
14
15

A Greek philosophy emphasizing the pursuit of pleasure, and denying an afterlife.

A Greek philosophy emphasizing freedom from passion and calm acceptance of all
happenings as the result of divine will.

65

18:1-6 In Corinth, following his custom, Paul preached first to the


Jews. But when they rejected him, he turned to the Gentiles.
18:9-11 Pauls ministry in Corinth was 18 monthsmuch longer
than in most places. Why did he spend this much time there?
_________________________________________________________________________

How do this encourage you in your service for Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________

18:18-22 After this extended ministry in Corinth, Paul left the


work to the brothers. Then, with fellow tentmakers Priscilla
and Aquilla, he traveled to Caesarea, then to Jerusalem, and
finally back to Antioch, where their journey had begun.
PAULS THIRD MISSIONARY JOURNEY, 18:2321:16
After again spending time in Antioch, Paul set out to revisit the
churches he planted during his first and second missionary
journeys.
19:1-6 On arriving in Ephesus Paul found about twelve disciples
of John the Baptist. After proclaiming the Good News to them,
they believed in Christ, were baptized, and through the laying on
of his hands, they received the Holy Spirit. What happened next?
_________________________________________________________________________

This special work of Gods Spirit assured them that they too could
become a part of Christs Church which began at Pentecost.
19:8-10 How were all Jews and Greeks in Asia reached with the
Gospel in the space of two years?
_________________________________________________________________________

Is this a model than should be used by churches today? How


might it happen in your church?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

19:23-41 What brought about this riot in Ephesus?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

20:1-6 Paul then left Ephesus, traveled through Macedonia, and


on to Greece. There the Jews hatched a plot to kill him. Thus he
went back to Macedonia, and finally to Troas.

66

20:7-12 A church had been established in Troas, and Paul wanted


to make the most of his limited time with these believers. What
happened there, and what was the outcome?
_________________________________________________________________________

From Troas, Paul traveled past Ephesus, but did meet briefly with
the elders of the Ephesian church.
20:17-38 What were the important admonitions Paul left with
these church elders?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Ch. 21 gives details of Pauls trip to Jerusalem. On several


occasions he was warned not to go to Jerusalem. Yet he felt
compelled to go. Paul was now on a difficult path, yet he
unflinchingly set his face to Jerusalem.
Why did he not heed these warnings?
_________________________________________________________________________

21:17-36 Why was Paul arrested in the Temple?


_________________________________________________________________________

PAULS MISSIONARY JOURNEY TO ROME, 21:1728:31


22:1-20 After Pauls arrest (and subsequent rescue by the Roman
commander) he was allowed to speak to the Jewish crowd.
22:21-22 Why did they reject Pauls testimony?
_________________________________________________________________________

22:23-29 The Roman commander then took Paul into their


barracks and prepared Paul for flogging. What kept them from
doing this?
_________________________________________________________________________

23:1-10 Pauls next opportunity was to the Jewish Sanhedrin.


What caused the ensuing dispute between those present?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

So violent was this conflict that the Roman commander again


rescued Paul and returned him to the barracks.
23:12-22 Some Jews then hatched another plot to kill Paul. How
was this plot thwarted?

67

_________________________________________________________________________

24:1-27 Next Paul has opportunity to share Christ with the Roman
governor Felix. What was the outcome of this witness?
_________________________________________________________________________

25:1-12 After two years Paul was brought before Felixs successor,
Festus. On this occasion many Jews pressed charges against him.
Sensing another trap, and with the assurance given him by the
Lord in 23:11, Paul made his appeal to the highest authority in the
empire, that of
_________________________________________________________________________

26:1-32 Next Paul had opportunity to share his faith before King
Agrippa. What conclusion did the king come to regarding Paul?
_________________________________________________________________________

Ch. 27-28 These last chapters of Acts detail Pauls trip to Rome,
involved a disastrous shipwreck but no deaths. Paul spent the
next two years in his own rented house, preaching the kingdom of
God to all who visited him. (28:30-31)
Why is your understanding of the kingdom of God that Paul
preached to the end of his life?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Did Paul ever get to Spain? According to Clement of Rome in his


epistle to the Corinthians Ch. 5, and the Muratorian Canon (lines
34-39) he did. Pauls ministry in Crete (Titus 1:5) is not otherwise
mentioned in Scripture also support this belief. If so, Paul must
have been released after two years in prison, thus allowing this
final missionary journey, followed by a second imprisonment,
which then culminated in his martyrdom, probably in 67 or 68.

68

Lesson 5

ROMANS:
Gods Way of Righteousness
But now the righteousness of God has been manifested
apart from the law, although the Law and the Prophets bear witness
to itthe righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ
for all who believe.
Romans 3:21-22
Pauls letter to the Romans gives answer to the eternal question:
How can people who are sinful be made righteous in Gods
sight? In this most important of all of Pauls writings, he answers
this question by showing:
1. The Need of Righteousness, Ch. 1:13:20
The wrath of God will come of sinful people who suppress the
truth (1:18). In this section Paul speaks of three kinds of people:
the gross sinner, the moralist, and the Jews. Pauls conclusion: all
have sinned and fall short of the glory of God (3:23).
2. The Way of Righteousness, Ch. 3:21Ch. 4
This path is by: the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus
Christ and is available for all who believe. (3:22)
3. The Power of Righteousness, Chs. 58
This section begins: since we have been justified by faith, we have
peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ; we have access by
faith into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice in hope of the
glory of God, even in our sufferings. (5:1-3)
Being justified by faith means that we become transformed
people, no longer living by thee flesh, but by the power of God
4. The Problem of Righteousness, Chs. 911
This parenthetical section answers the question: Why have Gods
chosen people not accepted this Good News? Paul responds:
true, but not all have rejected it. Further, all who do not continue
in unbelief, but accept Gods way to righteousness will be
accepted.

69

5. The Practice of Righteousness, Chs. 1215.


This section answers the so what question. We are to respond to
Gods gift of eternal life by presenting our bodies to God as a
living sacrifice, no longer conformed to the world, but instead
being, transformed by the renewal of your mind (12:1-2).
Background of Romans
AUTHORSHIP. The early church was in complete agreement that
Paul (see Romans 1:1) was the author of this epistle.
DATE AND PLACE OF WRITING. At the time of writing Paul was
probably in Corinth or nearby Cenchrea. He was on his way to
Jerusalem with an offering to the church there. (Romans 15:23-29).
It was probably written around 57.
FOUNDING OF THE CHURCH AT ROME. From Acts 2:10 we know that
at Pentecost were visitors from Rome (both Jews and converts to
Judaism). These Jewish people almost certainly were converted to
Christ at Pentecost and thus took their new-found faith to Rome
with them.
RECIPIENTS. It is clear from the letter itself that the church at Rome
consisted of both Jews and Gentiles.
AUTHORS PURPOSE. Paul fully understood the strategic importance
of the church at Rome, which was strategic in location, vibrant in
faith, but largely untaught. His purpose was to ground them in
the basic tenants of the Christian faith.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-17
1:1-5 These verses provide a summary of who Paul is and what
his ministry is about. He is both a servant (doulos, meaning
slave) and an apostle (messenger) of Jesus Christ. He was
set apart for the gospel (good news) of God. This good news
was predicted in the Old Testament and now fulfilled in Jesus
Christ. The ministry that Paul received from the Lord is to call
people to the ______________ that comes from faith. Why do you
think Paul speaks of obedience here, rather than merely of faith?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:6-7 Paul addresses these believers as saints, that is, holy


ones (hagiois). What is the implication of this?
_________________________________________________________________________

70

In 1:8-15 Paul gives personal greetings and expresses his desire


and purpose to visit them.
1:16-17 Focus for a moment on these two verses. Why is Paul not
ashamed of the gospel?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Crucial in 1:16 is the present tense verb believes. True Biblical


belief changes ones life. It is through believing the good news
message of Christs atoning death on the cross that Gods
righteousness is given. Further, in 1:17, this righteousness is
from faith to faith16 Faith is an ongoing trust and commitment of
life, not a mere mental confession.
After providing this overview Paul is ready to develop these
topics in greater detail. In the first of these he focuses on:
1. The Need of Righteousness, Ch. 1:183:20
In this section Paul points out the need of all mankind for
righteousness. He does this first, by focusing on the abominable
life-style of the Gentiles (1:18-32); then on the state of those who
are self-righteous (2:1-16); and finally on the sinfulness of Jewish
law-keepers, 2:17-3:8. In 3:9-20 he summarizes this foundational
truth.
THE PAGANS NEED FOR RIGHTEOUSNESS, 1:18-32.
Having spent around 18 months in Corinth, (Sin City of that
day), Paul was fully aware of those who lived in debauchery.
1:18 Why does Gods wrath come against Gentiles generally?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:19-32 Notice how their decision affected how they lived. How
did God respond to their evil ways of living?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

THE MORALISTS NEED FOR RIGHTEOUSNESS, 2:1-16.


Paul next addresses those who disdained such vile living.
Perhaps they were saying, Im not a wicked sinner like those
people. Stoics taught that people could be unaffected by passion
and should accept all life experience as being Gods will.
16

Greek: ek pisteos eis pistin indicates that faith in Christ is for a life of faith and
faithfulness.

71

2:1-6 Moralists however are not unlike the pagans, because:


_________________________________________________________________________

THE JEWS NEED FOR RIGHTEOUSNESS, 2:173:20.


Similar to the moralists, the Jews sought to be strict keepers of the
Law of Moses.
Paul encountered many such during his
missionary journeys. It was they who frequently stirred up riots
that resulted in his physical harm.
2:17-24 How well did they keep the Law?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:7-8 What is your response to the argument of this someone?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:9-20 What is Pauls conclusion?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

A person, Paul concludes, no matter who he is. or how he may


try, cannot make himself righteous before God. Having proved
this beyond all doubt, he next introduces the only way man can be
made righteous.
2. The Way of Righteousness, Ch. 3:214:25
3:21 What is this way of righteousness?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:22 For whom is it available?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:27 What place is there for boasting?


_________________________________________________________________________

In chapter 4 Paul uses Abraham, the father of the Jewish people, to


illustrate the truth that righteousness is obtained by faith.
4:9-10 When was
righteousness?

Abrahams

faith

credited

to

him

as

_________________________________________________________________________

4:11-12 Abraham is here called the father of what two groups of


people?

72

_________________________________________________________________________

4:16 In what sense is Abraham your father?


_________________________________________________________________________

This concept is central to everything else that Paul says in this


epistle, and throughout his other writings. God has two distinct
groups of people: those from among the Jews who come to Him
by faith, and those from all other peoples who also come to Him
by faith. Together they form one spiritual family. Both have
Abraham as their spiritual father, who was himself also justified
by faith.
3. The Results of Righteousness, Ch. 58
Having established this monumental truth that we are justified by
faith, Paul moves on to that which happens after we place our
faith in Christ. He says that we are now justified. This term
means that believers in Christ are now accepted as righteous.
5:1-2 What are two emotional results of justification.
_________________________________________________________________________

5:3-5 Why can we rejoice in our sufferings?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:12-18 In this passage Paul introduces an argument that begins


just as. What he is saying here is that just as the result of
Adams sin was the complete corruption of the human race (5:12),
so the one act of righteousness (that is of Christs perfect life and
sacrificial death) was justification and life for all men. (5:18).
Based on this passage, what two concepts must man understand,
and accept, in order to be justified by God?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Ch. 6 Paul tells us in this chapter that a child of God cannot


continue in a life of sin. Four key words, progressive in sequence,
tell us why. Please study this chapter carefully, and write down
your thoughts about each of these words.
Know: ________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Count: ________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

73

Offer: _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Obey: _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7:1-6 Paul here illustrates the Jewish believers relationship to the


law by comparing it to the death of a spouse.
Restate 7: 4 in your own words.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7:7-23 Paul shares his own former struggles and failures while he
was still under the Law. When he says, I was once alive apart
from the law (7:9) he refers to that part of his childhood before he
became accountable to the Law.17
But once he became
accountable, (at about age 12), he says, sin sprang to life and I
died. It was the demands of the Law that put him to death.
Paul then elaborates his earlier inability to keep the Law in 7:1423.
7:24-25 How was Paul delivered from his life of bondage and
failure under the Law?
_________________________________________________________________________

Ch. 8 This chapter begins: There is thereforethat is, since


through Christ we are delivered from sin and from the Law
there is now no condemnation (8:1). Some versions of the Bible
add who walk not according to the flesh, but according to the
Spirit. This addition, while not in the best manuscripts, does
express what Paul communicates in this chapterand indeed, in
all his writings.
How is this emphasis expressed in:
8:4 _____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

8:6 _____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

17

Paul speaks here of his life as a Jew, before his conversion, and of his barmitzvah, when
at in this ceremony at the age of 13 he became accountable to the Law.

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8:8-9 __________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

8:12-14 ________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

8:15-23 As Christians we must not allow any sufferings to push us


away from continuing to trust Christ.
For through these
sufferings we are joined with the whole creation and, together
with the creation, we await the redemption of our bodies (8:23).
8:28-39 Paul here asserts that no matter what the hardship, no
matter how intense the persecutioneven unto physical death
(8:38)nothing shall be able to separate the believer from the
Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.
4. The Problem of Righteousness and the Jews, Ch. 911
In these chapters Paul focuses on the failure of the works-based
approach to righteousnessthat is, the Law, as then interpreted.
With a broken heart he first traces all the advantages Jewish
people have had, in 9:1-5. Then he points out in 9:6-7 that Jews are
not His chosen people simply because of their birth. Rather (9:8),
it is the children of the _________________who are regarded as Abrahams
offspring 18.
That promise, which Abraham believed, was that (9:9):
_________________________________________________________________________

Next Paul contrasts those who seek righteousness by faith, from


those who were seeking it through works. The former, Paul says,
are Gods elect. The latter are rejected. How is Gods elective
purpose illustrated in the following passages?
9:10-12 ________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

9:16 ___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

9:30-32 _______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

18

In this section (chapters 9-11) it is important to understand the historical context. These
unbelieving Jews were trusting in their spiritual heritage to being children of Abraham and
keepers of the Laws of Moses. Paul is saying: not so. Rather, true children of Abraham are
those who have the same faith as did Abraham, and who live out that faith in their lives.

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10:3-4 _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

10:8-13 ________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

10:14-21 Paul here speaks of the missionary call and his part in it.
His passion is to carry the message of Christ to others who have
not been able to hear it.
Ch. 11 This chapter opens with the question, Did God reject his
people? The answer: certainly not. Paul was not rejected. And
all Israelites who accept Gods righteousness through faith, rather
than through works, are also not rejected. See 11:5-6.
In the balance of this chapter Paul shows that Gods elective
purpose, that is, His purpose to save His chosen people through
grace, continues to be operative. Further, He is not finished with
the Jewish people, even though at the present time they are largely
blinded and hardened.
Paul closes this chapter with a doxology that begins: Oh, the depth
of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God!
5. The Practice of Righteousness, Ch. 1215
The opening statement, I appeal to you therefore brothers, by the
mercies of God refers back, perhaps to the doxology at the end of
chapter 11, or even to the whole of chapter 11.
12:1-2 What is it that Paul urges Christians to do?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

12:3 Not thinking of ourselves more highly than we ought


involves thinking of ourselves with sober judgment about the
abilities He has given to us and how these abilities can be used in
His work.
12:4-8 What does Paul here tell us to do with our spiritual gifts?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

12:9-21 As you read over this important section, write down how
you want to more fully implement the gifts God has given you.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

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_________________________________________________________________________

13:1-7 Here Paul speaks about our relationship as Christians to


secular authority. How does this passage apply to us today?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

13:8-10 How does Paul define the fulfilling of the law?


_________________________________________________________________________

13:14 What does put on the Lord Jesus Christ mean?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

14:1-15:13 Paul deals in this passage with issues involving


relationships between Jews and Gentiles in the church. Nearly
every local church in the New Testament period had both Jews
and Gentiles among them. Those of Jewish background were
strongly influenced by Old Testament laws and ceremonies.
Gentiles generally were not concerned about them.
14:1, 13, 19; 15:2, 7 What attitudes and actions was the one group
to have toward the other group?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

15:13 Paul ends the body of this epistle with the benediction.
Conclusions, Chs. 15:1416:27
Paul expresses his confidence in their spiritual maturity in 15:1415, and gives his purpose for writing. In 15:17-33 he reviews his
missionary ministry, and plans to visit them in connection with
his planned trip to Spain. In 16:1-16 he gives personal greetings
and commendations. A warning about those who cause divisions
and create obstacles is in 16:17-20. Those who sent their greetings
are listed in 16:21-24; and 16:25-27 is the final benediction.

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Lesson 6

1 CORINTHIANS:
Problems in a Carnal Church
I appeal to you, brothers, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ,
that all of you agree, and that there be no divisions among you,
but that you be united in the same mind and the same judgment.
1 Corinthians 1:10
This letter addresses many problems that existed in the church at
Corinth. This was not surprising, since the city of Corinth was
notorious for its life-style. So bad was it that the coined term to
Corinthisize meant living in moral debauchery.
The problems addressed by Paul in this letter came from two
sources. First, it has been reported to me . . . (1:11). And second,
Now concerning the matters about which you wrote . . . (7:1)
Based on these two sources of information, the one from Chloes
people, and the other from a church letter addressed to him, Paul
responded:
1. Problems Paul had Heard About, Chs. 16
DIVISIONS IN THE CHURCH, 1:10-4:21
Here we have church politics. Some in the church were for Paul;
others for Apollos, and still others for Cephas (Peter). Some even
said there were for Christ! Oh my! Each faction thought their view
was right. Sound familiar?
SEXUAL IMMORALITY IN THE CHURCH, 5:1-13
There was a person in the church, who has his fathers wife
(probably a step mother. Paul urges, them to purge the evil person
from among you. (4:13)
LAWSUITS BETWEEN CHURCH MEMBERS, 6:1-8
Grievances among church members should be dealt with in the
church, not in the secular courts. (6:1)

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2. Questions the Church had Written About, Chs. 715


QUESTIONS ABOUT MARRIAGE, CH. 7
While in theory, singleness can be very helpful in Gods work, but
because of the power of passion, each man should have his own wife,
and each woman her own husband (7:2)
QUESTIONS ABOUT FOOD SACRIFICED TO IDOLS, CH. 8:1-13
Reality, Paul says, is that an idol his no real existence and there is
no God but one (8:4) Still, because some believers were being
stumbled in their faith, all should abstain from eating meat that
had been previously offered to idols.
QUESTIONS ABOUT PAUL HIMSELF, CH. 9:1-27
Paul was being criticized because he chose to engage in secular
work while he ministered (he was a tent-maker), and o this
grounds, questioning his apostolic authority. Paul responded: If
to others am not an apostle, at least I a to you, for you are the seal of my
apostleship in the Lord. (9:2)
QUESTIONS ABOUT THE OLD TESTAMENT, CH. 10:111:1
It must not be thought that there is no place for the Old Testament
in the life of the Christian, for Christ was in the Old Testament
(10:4). The role of the Old Testament is to show us, by their
examples, what Christians should doand not do. (10:6-11)
QUESTIONS ABOUT HEAD COVERINGS FOR WOMEN, 11:2-16
In the first century women wore a veil in public, much as women
do in the Near East today. In Jewish culture, it was also a sign of
submission. Christian women therefore, should not flaunt this
tradition.
QUESTIONS ABOUT THE LORDS SUPPER, 11:7-34
For some, the remembrance of the Last Supper had been reduced
to gluttony. Paul both reminded them of the purpose of the Lords
Table in 11:23-26, and then warned them about its misuse, 11:2734.
QUESTIONS ABOUT SPIRITUAL GIFTS, 12:114:40
Paul begins this section, Now concerning spiritual gifts. These
included the gift of tongues, first exercised at Pentecost in Acts
Ch. 2. Pauls main point here is to say the gift of tongues, while
valid, has been overrated and overused. The key verse in this
section is 14:1, Pursue love, and earnestly desire the spiritual gifts,
especially that you may prophesy. The meaning of this gift is found
in v. 3, the one who prophesies speaks to people for their upbuilding and
encouragement and consolation.

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QUESTIONS ABOUT THE RESURRECTION, 15:1-58.


This church was being influenced by some who taught that there
is no resurrection from the dead (15:13). But if that were so, then
Christ was not raised either. And if that is the case, then our
preaching is in vain and your faith is in vain (15:14). This chapter
speaks clearly about what the resurrected body of believers will be
like.
AUTHORSHIP. Paul lays claim the authorship of this letter (1 Cor.
in 1:1-2; 16:21). In agreement are the early church fathers, and
virtually all modern New Testament scholars.
DATE AND PLACE OF WRITING. Paul wrote from Ephesus
(16:8) during his three-year stay there (Acts 19:120:31) and while
on his second missionary journey. It was written around the year
55.
BACKGROUND. The church at Corinth was established in one of
the most secular and immoral part of the Roman Empire. It also
was atypical of churches started by Paul, in that it consisted
mainly of Gentile believers who knew little of Old Testament
ethics.
It was also a city of slaves. By some estimates, Corinth contained
about 250,000 free people and as many as 400,000 slaves! Located
near the Corinthian isthmus separating the two parts of Greece, it
was a key commercial hub. Ships were transported overland from
one side of the isthmus to the other, especially during stormy
conditions.
The upper class lived philosophical lives, while the larger
population was morally depraved. Worship of Aphrodite, the
goddess of love, was promoted through the use of temple
prostitutes.
So
immoral
were
the
people
that
to
corinthianizement living a life of drunkenness and immorality.
The Jewish believer Apollos had a significant ministry in Corinth
as he powerfully refuted the Jews in public, showing by the Scriptures
that the Christ was Jesus Acts 18:27-28.
Background of 1 Corinthians
OCCASION FOR WRITING. While Paul was ministering in Ephesus,
he received information from members of Chloes people (1:11)
about things that were going on in the church in Corinth.
Additionally, the church wrote Paul, asking for his guidance about
certain matters they were dealing with (7:1). Pauls first letter to
the Corinthians is his response to their concerns.

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A LOST LETTER. I wrote to you in my letter . . . (5:9), seems to


refers to an earlier letter, which did not survive. It was, evidently,
not intended by God to be part of Scripture.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-9
1:1 After providing his apostolic credentials, Paul addresses those
sanctified and called to be holy. He speaks of Gods grace given to
them (1:4); that they do not lack any spiritual gift (1:7) and that God
will keep them strong and blameless to the end (1:8).
Given the moral condition of Corinth generally, why do you think
Paul addressed the church in this way?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Since they were sanctified, why was Paul concerned for them?
_________________________________________________________________________

1. Church Problems that Paul had Heard About, 1:106:20


Beginning at 1:10 Paul addresses problems in the church that had
been brought to his attention by some people from this church.
The first of these had to do with:
THE PROBLEM OF DIVISIONS IN THE CHURCH, 1:104:21
1:12 What were some of these divisions?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:13 How does Paul respond to these divisions?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Part of the problem of divisions in the church was doubtless


caused by a superior attitude on the part of some. Pauls
experience at the Areopagus in Athenswhere he preached more
philosophicallywas more than enough. He was sneered as he
proclaimed the resurrection of Christ. From this experience, he
learned an important lesson.
1:18, 23 How did Paul preach at Corinth?
_________________________________________________________________________

81

_________________________________________________________________________

1:26-31 Paul says in effect: look at yourselves. Most of you are


plain ordinary people. What you are is Gods gift to you.
Therefore, about boasting he says:
_________________________________________________________________________

Paul was here speaking to that portion of the church that focused
on their presumed philosophical and intellectual superiority. Not
only did Greek culture generally foster this attitude, but to some
extent probably Apollos did too, whom this faction heralded as
their champion.
2:1-5 As a reality check, Paul reminded them of his personal
ministry approach, which was:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:6-16 Christianity does however, have a spiritual wisdom that is


taught by the Spirit.
How does this wisdom impact those who do not know the Lord
personally, 2:14?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:1-4 Paul spoke of the Corinthian church as being worldly


mere infants in Christ. How was this worldliness manifested?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:5-9 What attitude should we have toward those who are the
Lords servants?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:10-17 How does the problem of divisions the church relate to


how we build on the foundation of Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:18-23 Paul concludes this discussion with the admonition, So


then, no more boasting about men! Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In chapter 4 Paul continues to address pride in the church. When

82

he says, Already you have all you want! Already you have become rich!
Without us, you have become kings! (v. 8), he is stating what he had
heard was their attitude! This attitude of arrogance (v. 18) was a
central part of being infants in Christ (3:1).
4:1-2 How should we view ministers of Christ? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:3-5 How should the minister of Christ prepare himself against


judgmental attitudes of others?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:9-13 How was Paul and the other apostles actually viewed by
non- believers?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:6-7; 14-21 How should their experiences apply to the way


Christians should live in the church at Corinth?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

THE PROBLEM OF SEXUAL IMMORALITY, 5:1-13


5:1-5 Their boasting attitude was even seen regarding immorality
that was present in the church. What should have been their
attitude in this matter?
_________________________________________________________________________

What does Paul command that they do with this person?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:6-8 Here Paul illustrates sin by leaven, which was used in the
O.T. worship. Bread used in worship was to be without leaven.
5:9-13 Paul clarifies what he had written in a prior letter. How
should the command to discipline this person be implemented?
_________________________________________________________________________

THE PROBLEM OF LAWSUITS AMONG BELIEVERS, 6:1-8


Arrogance, bickering and fighting among members in this worldly
church had spilled over into lawsuits. Members were taking

83

members to secular courts.


6:1-5 What should the church body do in regard to such
controversies?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:7 What else might the person do who was being wronged?
_________________________________________________________________________

Paul now returns to the subject of moral standards for the


Christian.19
6:9-11 Will the unrighteous inherit Gods Kingdom? Explain.
Corinth was well known for its corrupt morals. In the list found in
v. 9, the first four are sexual sins. Idolatry involved temple
prostitutes. Corinth was well known for its corrupt morals. In the
list found in v. 9, the first four are sexual sins. Idolatry involved
temple prostitutes.
6:12-20 Why are believers accountable for their physical bodies?
_________________________________________________________________________

What is the appropriate response to sexual temptation?


_________________________________________________________________________

2. Questions the Church had Written About, Ch. 715


QUESTIONS ABOUT MARRIAGE, CH. 7
7:1-9 In light of the morally depraved Corinthian culture,
summarize Pauls advice here.
_________________________________________________________________________

7:10-11 What command does the Lord give married partners?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:12-16 What does Paul teach about being married to an


unbelieving spouse?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7:17-24 How does Pauls statement here apply to marriage?


_________________________________________________________________________
19

Corinth was well known for its corrupt morals. In the list found in v. 9, the first four are
sexual sins. Idolatry involved temple prostitutes.

84

7:25-40 Why does he not promote marriage in these verses?20


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

QUESTIONS ABOUT FOOD SACRIFICED TO IDOLS, CH. 8:1-13


8:4-13 In those days people frequently brought food to the temple
to offer to their pagan god. The priests might then take this food
and sell it in the market. Christians were asking, Am I
participating in idol worship, or in danger of being possessed by a
demon if I eat meat offered to an idol? Summarize Pauls
teaching on this issue.
_________________________________________________________________________

QUESTIONS ABOUT PAUL HIMSELF, CH. 9:1-27


There were those who did not think highly of Paul. We can only
read between the lines to get a glimpse of what they were
saying, but clearly it was an attitude of disrespect, both for him,
and for his ministry.
Paul first defended his position as an Apostle in 9:1-2, then his
ministry, 9:3-23. Further, although he had every right to take a
wife with him he chose to serve as a single man, 9:3-5. He also
chose to be self-supporting, (9:6-18) although he had every right to
be paid by those he served. And we see in 9:19-23 that he chose to
identify himself with many kinds of people, although he had a
right to be his own person.
What principle was Paul following, and how can it apply to you?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:2 What does Paul mean, you are the seal of my apostleship?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:24-27 How does Paul describe his personal spiritual discipline?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

List areas where more personal discipline is needed in your life.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

20

The present distress may have been, according to some, a famine. During extremely
difficult times, marriage may be better delayed.

85

QUESTIONS ABOUT THE OLD TESTAMENT, CH. 10:111:1


10:1-10 Concerning the Old Testament Paul says (to Gentile
Christians), I want you to know.
10:11 What value does he here give to Old Testament writings?
_________________________________________________________________________

10:12-13 What is the balance of teaching in these two verses?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

10:14-22 In this passage Paul compares demon worship in a pagan


temple, with Christian worship at the communion table. What
does he teach in this regard?
_________________________________________________________________________

10:23-33 although we are free in Christ (all things are lawful) we


are to make these kinds of decisions based on:
_________________________________________________________________________

QUESTIONS ABOUT TRADITIONS IN WORSHIP, 11:2-34


11:2-16 Questions were being asked about the need of women to
wear a veil21 while in church. What is Pauls response?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In regard to their practice of the Lords Supper, 11:17-34, Paul


could not commend them.
11:18 The basic problem had to do with their ___________________,
which kept them from celebrating the Lords Table in an
appropriate way.
QUESTIONS ABOUT SPIRITUAL GIFTS, 12:114:40
Paul begins by saying, I do not want you to be uninformed22. It is
thus clear that the issue of tongues was one where further
instruction was needed.
12:3 How can we tell if our speaking really is in the Spirit of
God?
21

Jewish women during the New Testament period wore a veil during worship. This
tradition was also practiced in the early church. Corinth however, was far more liberal,
and women there generally did not wear a veil.
22
The Greek agnoeiv, means without knowledge, or ignorant.

86

_________________________________________________________________________

12:4-6 Notice that the apostle speaks here of gifts, service and
activities How does Paul compare them here?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:7 For what purpose are the gifts of the Spirit given?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:12-26 In light of divisions in the Corinthian church, why do


you think Paul spoke as he did?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:27-30 Why do you think Paul speaks of first apostles, second


prophets, and third teachers in the church, then followed by the
other gifts?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

12:31 What does it mean then, to earnestly desire the higher gifts?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

This chapter ends, I will show you a still more excellent waythe
way of love, chapter 13.
13:1-13 Why is love a still more excellent waymore than the use
of any spiritual gift?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

13:4-7 How do we demonstrate love?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

14:1 In addition to practicing love (agape) toward one another,


Paul urges us to earnestly desire spiritual gifts, especially that you
may prophesy.23
Apparently the church at Corinth was giving too much emphasis
to the (lesser) gift of tongues and further, was not using this gift
appropriately.
23

Prophecy here is spirit-inspired speaking, such as you might say his message was a
prophetic word from the Lord.

87

14:6-12 What does Paul say about the use of tongues in these
verses?
_________________________________________________________________________

Why is prophecy the preferred gift, (14:1, 3, 5, 12, 24)?


_________________________________________________________________________

In V. 18 Paul says, I speak in tongues more than all of you all. Yet
(apparently) not a word in church. Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:26-33 What guidelines are here given for using the gift of
tongues and the gift of prophecy?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

14:34-35 What was Pauls view about women speaking in the


church service?24
_________________________________________________________________________

QUESTIONS ABOUT THE RESURRECTION, 15:1-58.


Paul begins this vital topic in 15:1-2 by emphasizing how critical it
is that we hold fast to the word he had preached.
15:1-2 What must the believer do in order to stand in the gospel
truth that Paul preached?25
_________________________________________________________________________

15:3-4 In connection with the gospel, what is of first importance?


_________________________________________________________________________

15:5-11 How does Paul give support to the truth of Christs


resurrection?
_________________________________________________________________________

15:12 But some in Corinth were saying there is no such thing as a


resurrection.
15:13-19 What would be the results if Christ was not raised?
_________________________________________________________________________

24

Since women were uneducated at that time, their speaking would disrupt the church
service. As with tongues, orderly conduct in church is the issue (14:40).
25
For other uses of in vain see Romans 13:4; Galatians 3:4)

88

_________________________________________________________________________

15:20-28 What are the results of the real resurrection of Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________

15:29-34 What practice26 does Paul refer to that supports the


doctrine of the resurrection?
_________________________________________________________________________

Paul then describes the believers resurrection body in 15:35-58.


This body is not the same as the one we now have. Yet it is more
than a mere spirit body.
15:35-49 How is this truth illustrated?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

15:50-58 Pauls wonderful conclusion to this topic is given in this


passage. How do you respond to v. 58?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

QUESTIONS ABOUT A SPECIAL OFFERING, 16:1-4


Paul had been collecting a financial gift for the very needy church
in Jerusalem. See Romans 15:25-26 and Acts 24:17.
16:1-4 What principle of giving do you find in this passage?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

16:5-24 The letter concludes by sharing his ministry plans, and


giving his personal greetings.
Making the Study Relevant
How can this study in 1 Corinthians strengthen your life? Give
thought to the following points and record some of your key
thoughts.
What encouragement and challenge does Pauls description of
believers in 1:1-9 give to you?
How would Paul advise you in regard to any divisions in your
church?
26

Paul does not approve this practice, but merely states that it existed. Possibly this was done
on behalf of those who had died without being baptized

89

How do you regard the leadership of your church, (4:1-2)?


How will you deal with moral in your church (Ch. 5)?
How would Paul have you deal with lawsuits among believers
(Ch. 6)
How does what Paul say about marriage in Ch. 7 both positively
and negatively, impact your marital situation.
How should the Old Testament be used to encourage our
Christian living?
What is the balance in 10:12-13?
How can you use your gifts (or service, or activities) so that they
are empowered by the Lord (12:4-11)?
How can the important ministry of love (Ch. 13) support the
ministry of your gifts?
How should the future resurrection of our body affect the way
we live today (15:58)?
What does Paul teach in 16:1-4 about giving that will affect your
giving?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2 CORINTHIANS:
A Defense of Pauls Ministry
For our boast is this, the testimony of our conscience,
that we behaved in the world with simplicity and godly sincerity, not by
earthly wisdom but by the grace of God,
and supremely so toward you.
2 Corinthians 1:12

90

This letter is not typical of Pauls letters because it is so much


about himself. But this defense of his ministry was absolutely
necessary. Without it there can be little doubt but that this church
would have failed at best, and at worst, actually become an
adversary to his ministry. Heres what Paul was facing:
First, there was an ongoing attack, both of his character and his
ministry, by some church members.
Second, there was opposition by people outside the church. In
12:11 Paul calls them super-apostles because of their (false) claim
to possess superior knowledge.
In the content of this letter Paul responds to these attacks:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Regarding his Change in Plans, Chs. 12


Regarding his Ministry and Message, Chs. 37
Regarding his Teaching about Money Chs. 89
Regarding his Apostleship, Chs. 1013
Background to 2 Corinthians

AUTHORSHIP. The stated author is Paul (1:1; 10:1). Bible scholars


both ancient and modern accept his authorship.
DATE AND PLACE OF WRITING. Paul wrote from Macedonia (2:13;
7:5), probably a few months after writing 1 Corinthians, around
the year 55.
PURPOSE FOR WRITING. In order to better understand this letter, it is
necessary to understand what was going on in this church in
Corinth.
First, the problems Paul dealt with in 1 Corinthians, were still not
corrected. This is made clear in 2 Cor. 12:20-21, when I come I may
find . . . . that perhaps there may be quarreling, jealousy, anger, hostility,
slander, gossip, conceit and disorder. I fear that when I come again my
God may humble me before you, and I have to mourn over many of those
who sinned earlier and have not repented of the impurity, sexual
immorality, and sensuality that they have practiced.
But the devil was also attacking this church in another way:
through some self-proclaimed super-apostles, (see 2 Cor. 11:5
and 12:11), who were actually, false apostles, deceitful workmen,
disguising themselves as apostles of Christ (11:13).
Such men had dogged Pauls ministry everywhere, seeking to
bring Pauls converts into spiritual bondage through a worksbased salvation and not through the grace of God in Christ. These
false apostles were Jews (11:22), who referred to themselves as

91

servants of Christ (11:23). They attacked Paul by saying that he


was walking according to the flesh (10:2); that his speaking was of
no account (10:10); and that he was not even a legitimate apostle
(12:11-12). They were doing their utmost to destroy Pauls
character, influence, and ministry.
It is no wonder then, that Paul is forced to come to his own defense,
and to that of the gospel. For not to do so would be to leave this
church to the ravages of the devil. If that happened, Pauls
ministry among them would have been in vain (11:3-4; 13:5).
KEY TRUTHS FROM 2 CORINTHIANS. Paul teaches a number of
important truths needed by Christians today, including:
the positive values of experiencing trials, Ch. 1
the importance of forgiving, Chs. 2 & 7
the superiority of the New Covenant, Ch. 3:4-18
the living in light of a future judgment, Ch. 5
the ministry of reconciling people to God, 5:11-21
not being unequally yoked with non-Christians, Ch. 6:147:1
the difference between godly and worldly repentance, 7:9-11
the key ministry of giving, Chs. 89
when boasting is appropriate, 10:13-17
discerning false beliefs from the true, Ch. 11
Questions for Study and Discussion
1:1-2 In this introduction we see that the church at Corinth had
grown, indicated by the words in the whole of Achaia. How do
you think this happened?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:3-7 In this letter Paul begins by talking about the God of all
comfort. How are you using this ministry of comfort?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:10-11 What part are we to have in the ministry of Gods


servants?
1. Regarding his Change in Plans, Chs. 12
1:122:4 Paul here writes of his change in plans (see 1:16). What
was the reason for this change? (1:23-2:1)
_________________________________________________________________________

92

A part of another painful visit related to his command in 1


Corinthians 5 to excommunicate the immoral person from their
fellowship.
2:5-11 What command does he give concerning this now repentant
sinner?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:12-17 Here he explains why he left Troas for Macedonia. In


spite of this change in plans, how did he feel about Gods leading?
And for what purpose?
_________________________________________________________________________

Is this a concept you relate to? How can you make it happen?
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Regarding his Ministry and Message, Chs. 37


3:1-6 Paul here contrasts his ministry credentials with those of his
detractors. What were his credentials?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:7-12 Paul here speaks of the Law of Moses because the Judaizers
were promoting it as the way to life. Paul here contrasts the
glory that came upon Moses, representing the Law, with the
glory that accompanies the work of Gods Spirit in the Gospel.
3:7 What is the effect of the Old Testament Law which was
engraved in letters on stone?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:8 What is the result of the ministry of the Spirit?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:13 to 4:6 How can the veil which covers the minds of
unbelievers be taken away?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:18 What is the outcome for you, once this veil is removed?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:1-6 What is it that keeps some people from being saved?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:7-18 Why is such spiritual treasure found in jars of (human)


clay?
_________________________________________________________________________

93

4:18 How do you apply this verse in your own life?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:1-10 How should we then live while in this earthly tent?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:10 What is an additional motive to do that?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:11-13 How did Paul then live?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:14-15 What should also motivate you to serve Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:17 What is this message that you will share?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:18-21 How are we to carry out the ministry of reconciliation


as ambassadors for Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:1-2 Can a person receive Gods grace in vain? If so, how?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:3-13 In these verses Paul shares the cost of his dedication to the
Lord. What response does he desire from them?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:14 to 7:1 The danger of compromising and working with


unbelievers is the focus here. What critical teaching does Paul
give, and how will you implement it?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

7:2-4 What is Pauls renewed appeal here?


_________________________________________________________________________

In 7:5 Paul continues his earlier topic. He had come from Troas
via Macedonia, on his way to Corinth (2:12-13), looking for his
brother Titus.

94

7:7 When Titus met Paul in Macedonia, he was able to bring the
very good news that:
_________________________________________________________________________

7:8-16 Here we learn of the response of the Corinthian church to


Pauls strong admonitions in 1 Corinthians Ch. 5. What is the
difference between godly sorrow and worldly sorrow?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3. Regarding his Teaching about Money Chs. 89


8:1-15 Summarize Pauls teaching here about giving.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In 8:16 to 9:5 Paul wrote about the offering they were collecting for
the needy church in Jerusalem, and of those sent ahead of him to
arrange it.
9:6-11 What principles of giving do you find in this passage?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4. Regarding his Apostleship, Chs. 1013


In 11:1-15 Paul again speaks strongly because false apostles,
deceitful workmen masquerading as apostles of Christ (11:13)
were leading them away from the pure gospel of Christ (11:4).
11:14-15 What approach did they use to deceive Gods people?
_________________________________________________________________________

11:16-12:6 Paul here does some self-confident boasting.


11:18 Why was he driven to this boasting?
_________________________________________________________________________

It is difficult for us to know all that these Judaizers were saying,


but it is evident that they were making a very strong appeal to
bring these believers under their influence, and even to exploit
them (11:20).
11:30 What is the focus of his boasting? (See also 12:5,9)
_________________________________________________________________________

95

Compare 1 Corinthians 1:31. Was Paul modeling this here? Are


we?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:7-10 How can the way Paul dealt with his thorn in the flesh
help you?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

12:11-18 What is it that marks a true apostle?


_________________________________________________________________________

12:19-21 What has been Pauls goal in speaking as he has?


_________________________________________________________________________

What was his concern as he planned to visit them again.


_________________________________________________________________________

13:1-10
Paul has spoken very boldly. But what must be
remembered that he was called to defend and confirm the Gospel
(Phil. 1:6). It was his responsibility to make sure that the Gospel
continued in its truth and purity.
The church at Corinth was being attacked on two fronts.
First, there was the moral front. Incest of the worst kind was
being practiced and even encouraged (1 Corinthians 5:2), within
the church! This situation called for the most severe condemnation
possible. It must be dealt with! Is a rod needed? (1 Corinthians
4:21) Then a whip it must be. Is excommunication needed? (1
Corinthians 5:5) Then to excommunication this person must go.
Second, there was the incredible pressure from those who were
identified as super-apostles (12:11) and who were seeking to lead
them back to some forms of Judaism. Jesus they may preach. But
it was not the Jesus of the Scriptures. They came with a different
spirit and a different gospel (11:3-4). Such teaching, if received,
would destroy the work of Christ in that place.
13:5 What does Paul say here that indicates the seriousness of this
situation in Corinth?
_________________________________________________________________________

What does it mean, Do you not realize that Christ Jesus is in


youunless, of course, you fail the test?
_________________________________________________________________________

96

_________________________________________________________________________

13:9 For what does Paul pray?


_________________________________________________________________________

13:11-14 This extraordinarily strong and stormy letter was yet


written with tremendous love. It closes with a final greeting.

97

Lesson 7

GALATIANS, EPHESIANS, PHILIPPIANS

GALATIANS:
A Defense of the True Gospel
I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting him
who called you in the grace of Christ
and are turning to a different gospel
Galatians 1:6.
Such opposition could be expected; such good news could
scarcely be believedespecially to those who, all their lives had
sought righteousness by means of good works.
Freedom from the bondage to the Law is the Christians Magna
Charta. Galatians 3:13 says that Christ redeemed us from the curse
of the law . . . so that we might receive the promised Spirit by faith..
But it is also important to make clear what Paul is not saying. He
is not saying that this gives Christians the freedom to indulge the
flesh. For 5:21 says clearly: those who do such things (works of the
flesh, 5:16-21) will not inherit the kingdom of God.
In defending the Good News, three aspects can be seen:
1. Defining the Gospel, Ch. 12
Paul expresses his shock that the Galatians are so quickly deserting
him who called you to the grace of Christ and are turning to a different
gospel 1:6. He then defines what the Gospel is, and asserts his call
to proclaim it.
2. Experiencing the Gospel, Ch. 34
Paul challenges The Galatians to think again: is salvation by faith,
or is it by works of the Law? He says that they were being
bewitched (3:1) by those who would bring them back into the
bondage of the Law (4:9-10), and thus separate them from Christ
(5:4).
3. Living the Gospel, Ch. 56
Living out the Gospel comes first with this solemn warning: if you
accept circumcision (the rite into Judaism and Law-keeping)
Christ will be of no advantage to you. And, you are severed from

98

Christ, you who would be justified by the law; you have fallen away from
grace.
As believers, we are to walk by the Spirit, and so not gratify the
desires of the flesh (5:16).
Conclusion, 6:11-18
Paul concludes, saying that these Judaisers did not keep the Law
themselves, but only wanted to boast in their converting efforts.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-5
Paul first claims that he is an apostle . . . through Jesus Christ and
God the Father.
1:1-2 What is implied here about church leadership structure?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:3 Of what importance is it that grace precedes peace?


_________________________________________________________________________

Then he defines what the good news is all about: namely, Christ,
who gave Himself for our sins, to deliver us from the present evil age.
1:4 For what purpose did Christ give himself for our sins?
_________________________________________________________________________

Christ paid the price for our sinsso that we would be delivered
from our sinful ways; not merely to some day take us to heaven.
1. Defining the Gospel, Ch. 12
Paul expressed very great concern in 1:6-10. Judaizers who had
violently opposed his every ministry move were continuing to
turn believers from the grace of Christ in the whole region of
Galatia.
_________________________________________________________________________

1:6 What impact was this having on the Christians there?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:7 How does Paul describe the message of these Judaizers?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:8-9 What does he say about anyone who preaches a different

99

gospel?
_________________________________________________________________________

This distorted27 teaching was not the good news of the Gospel.
With it these false teachers were seeking to drag the Galatian
believers into the bondage of the law.
1:10 Paul recognizes that his very strong language was not
pleasing to them, but was pleasing to God. What is essential, in
order to be a servant of Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________

What does this say about sharing your faith with those who hold
to other points of view?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:11-12 What was the source of the Good News that Paul preached
to the world?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:13-17 Describe Pauls Jewish faith before his conversion to


Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________

What brought him to faith in Christ.


_________________________________________________________________________

1:16 For what purpose?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:18-24 The word for visit in verse 19 means to ascertain by


inquiry and examination. Based on this, what was Pauls
apparent purpose for this visit?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:1-2 What was Pauls purpose for making a second visit to


Jerusalem?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:3-10 What does these verses teach was the outcome of Pauls
inquiry about the Gospel he was preaching?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
27

The word distort means to turn into something else.

100

2:11-14 Peters apostolic ministry was to the circumcised (i.e., the


Jews, 2:8), while Peters ministry was to the Jews. When he came
to Antioch and associated with Gentiles there, Paul says that he
stood condemned. Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:15-16 How can a person be saved?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:17-21 Is it hard for you to see yourself as a sinner? Explain,


based on these verses.
_________________________________________________________________________

2:20 How does Paul describe his relationship with Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________

How do you describe yours?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:21 How is it possible to nullify28 the grace of God?


_________________________________________________________________________

2. Experiencing the Gospel, Ch. 34


3:1 The Galatian believers were bewitched by these Judaizers,
even though Christ was publicly portrayed as crucifiedmeaning
that only Christ could justify.
3:2-5 In responding to this error, Pauls first approach was to ask
them about their initial Christian experience.
How had they received the Spirit? _____________________________________
How are they to continue in their Christian life? ______________________
How were miracles performed among them? _________________________
How does this emphasis on experience of the Holy Spirit apply in
your Christian life?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:6 Paul next says: consider Abraham. How was he justified?


_________________________________________________________________________
28

Nullify means to displace, abrogate, annul or reject.

101

3:7-9 How can we who are not Jews receive this same blessing
that Abraham29 received?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:10-14 Why is everyone who relies on the Jewish law under a


curse?
_________________________________________________________________________

How did Christ deliver us from this curse of the law?


_________________________________________________________________________

The righteous will live by faith (v. 11) is from Habakkuk 2:4. The
word means faith and faithfulness.
True faith results in
faithfulness.
How does this truth relate to your experience?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:15-25 is written from an orthodox Jewish and legal mindset (v.


15). Lets follow Pauls argument here.
3:15-16 First, who is Abrahams offspring? ________________________
Look at Genesis 17:19 where this promise was given to Abraham.
Jews believed that they all, because they were physically
Abrahams offspring, were included in Gods promise to
Abraham. But Paul is talking about offspring of the Spiritthat
is, how we can be made righteous with God.
3:17-18 Of what significance is it that God did not void His
covenant with Abraham, even though He established one 430
years later with Moses?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:19-20 What was the purpose of the Law?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:21-22 Why is the Law not contrary to the promises of God?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:23-25 What is a further goal of the Law?


29

See Genesis 15:6. Biblical faith means that we live by our faith. See Hebrews Ch. 11
for examples of faith in action.

102

_________________________________________________________________________

Beginning with 3:26 Paul speaks more directly to us.


3:26 You are all sons of God through . . . _____________________________
3:27 The term baptism here speaks of that union with Christ,
which takes place by faith. Water baptism is the physical sign of
this spiritual relationship. See Romans 6:3-11 and 1 Corinthians
12:13.
3:28-29 How do believers from varied cultures relate to each other
today?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:1-7 In this illustration, the difference between an heir who is a


child in the household, from one who has come of age is that:
A child is:
_________________________________________________________________________

While sons are:


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:8-11 The challenge confronting Paul was that the Galatian


believers were being influenced to again submit themselves to
weak and worthless elementary principlesprinciples of legalism,
whether Jewish or pagan in origin.
What was Pauls fear?
_________________________________________________________________________

What does this imply?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:12-16 He appeals to them to become as I am. In what way?


_________________________________________________________________________

He then reminds them of their earlier kind regard for him.


It is clear that Pauls bodily ailment had to do with his eyes. See
4:15. Paul hopes that recalling this memory will help them heed
his message.
4:17-20 What else were these Judaizers trying to accomplish?
_________________________________________________________________________

103

4:21-31 Paul next appealed to the Galatians using the illustration


of Hagar and Sarah, which illustrates the two covenants: law, and
grace.
What does Hagar represent?
_________________________________________________________________________

What does Sarah represent?


_________________________________________________________________________

What does v. 31 mean?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4. Living the Gospel, Ch. 56


5:1 What is this freedom in which Christ has set us free, and how
do we stand fast in it?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:2-5 What will happen to those who again come under the Law?
_________________________________________________________________________

We have two choices: we can either seek to become righteous by


keeping the law, or we can accept the free gift of righteousness
that Christ provided for us through His sacrifice on the cross. But
we cannot have it both ways.
5:7-12 Why is the cross an offense?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:13-15 What does it mean, through love serve one another?


Compare 5:6 ad 2 Corinthians 5:14.
_________________________________________________________________________

5:16 If we walk by the Spirit we will:


_________________________________________________________________________

5:18 Being led by the Spirit means that:


_________________________________________________________________________

5:19-23 Those who walk according to the flesh will:


_________________________________________________________________________

5:24 Those who belong to Christ have:

104

_________________________________________________________________________

5:25-26 What is our responsibility as believes?


_________________________________________________________________________

6:1-5 What should our attitude and action be in regard to one who
sins?
_________________________________________________________________________

For this balance in Scripture, compare 2 Corinthians 5:17 and 1


John 2:1.
6:6 What does this verse teach? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:7-8 Restate this summary statement in your own words.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:9-10 What then is our task?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion
6:11-18, written with large letters indicated that likely had a
disease of his eyes (4:14-15), and possibly related to his temporary
blindness, Acts 9.
Paul concludes this letter with my own hand, thus assuring its
genuineness30.

EPHESIANS:
Living Life in Christ
Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,
who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessing
in the heavenly places.
Ephesians 1:3

30

Apart from this ending, Paul evidently dictated the letter to an Amanuensis,
that is a scribe.

105

This letter was written to believers in Ephesus and beyond, in


order to further establish them in their faith. Ephesians contains
two major ideas:
1. Gods Work In Christ, Chs. 13
Gods work on our behalf begins: even as he chose us in him before
the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before
him, 1:4.
2. Our Walk In Christ, Chs. 46
Our walk through Christ begins: I therefore, a prisoner for the Lord,
urge you to walk in a manner worthy of the calling to which you have
been called, 4:1
Background of Ephesians
AUTHOR. Paul is stated as the author in 1:1; 3:1; 3:7, 13; 4:1 and
6:19-20. In modern times many have doubted Pauline authorship
for a variety of reasons: there are no personal greetings; he doesnt
know these people personally; 1:15, 3:2; and its too much like
Colossians. The burden of proof however lies with those who
deny Pauls authorship, and their case is far from proven.
RECIPIENTS. Paul wrote to the saints who are in Ephesus, and who
are faithful in Christ Jesus", 1:1. He wrote primarily to Gentile
believers, many of whom he knew well, because of his two-year
ministry in Ephesus. By the time his letter to them was written,
the gospel had gone well beyond Ephesus, and churches were
being planted throughout the province of Asia.
OCCASION FOR WRITING According to Acts 19:9-10 Paul spent
more than two years training the Ephesian Christians and sending
them forth to minister. That these disciples were sharing Christ
widely can be deduced from Acts 19:10, So that all the residents of
Asia heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks. This writing
was doubtless used to further share the Good News to this wider
group of believers .
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-2
"Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ" is the stated author. The word
"apostle" means "one sent as a messenger." While Paul was not one
of the twelve appointed by Jesus in Matthew 10:1-4, he was called
by Christ, and sent forth with the Good News message, Acts 9:15.
1:1 The Ephesians are called saints. This term was used for
Gods people, in the Old Testament (Leviticus 11:44, 19:2), as well

106

as in the New. This word holy (hagios) means, set apart by


Godtherefore holy, morally pure, and upright.
Not only are these believers a holy people, but Paul also describes
them as being _______________________ in Christ Jesus. This reminds
us that the Bible teaches that when we come to Christ our lives
will be changed. We will become more like Him in our daily lives.
1:2 Then Paul says, "grace to you and peace". Grace speaks of
undeserved favor. Of what significance is it that, grace comes
before peace?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Every person who is a Christian has experienced God's grace


through Jesus Christ. Write down your experience, and be ready
to share it in your next group meeting.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1. Gods Work In Christ, Chs. 13


In these chapters Paul emphasizes how all people, and especially
Gentiles (non-Jews) have become part of Gods Church. Note
first
THE BLESSINGS OF LIFE IN CHRIST, 1:3-14.
1:3 Paul first makes a general statement, and then elaborates on it.
This general statement is:
_________________________________________________________________________

Imagine that you were living in Pauls time. As a religious Gentile


you admire the Jewish faith. You also believe in the one God the
Jews worship. But it has been repeatedly said that the only way to
be righteous before God is to become like them, a Jew.
Then Paul comesa Jew, but a different kind of Jew. He teaches
that the Jewish Messiah has come, and that His name is Jesus, and
that He died for the sins of the entire world (John 3:16). And now,
because of this sacrifice, God is now free to also choose Gentiles to
become a part of His Church. But whether Jew or Gentilethe
way is by faith, and not by works.
With this background, read 1:3-14 and write down six things that
God has done for us.

107

1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________
6. _____________________________________________________________________
Imagine the power of these words, as they fell on the ears of
people who had never heard of Gods love for them!
How does what Paul says here make you feel? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

THE RESOURCES FOR LIFE IN CHRIST, 1:15-23.


Next Paul records his prayer for the Ephesian believers.
In vs. 15 Paul says he has heard31 of your faith, and your love.
Notice the order: faiththen love. It is vital that we understand
that what God does in us must come before what God does
through us.
Why do you think this is true?
_________________________________________________________________________

How is the importance of Christian love expressed in:


John 14:34-35
_________________________________________________________________________

Galatians 5:6
_________________________________________________________________________

Galatians 5:13-14
_________________________________________________________________________

1 John 4:7-13
_________________________________________________________________________

31

Verse 15 says, because I have heard of your faith. Yet from Acts 19:9-10 we know
that he spent more than two years in Ephesus. How is it that he had only heard of their
faith? Also, the term in Ephesus (1:1) is absent in the oldest Greek manuscripts. Many
scholars hold that copies of this letter were distributed to other churches in the area, some
of which had not met Paul personally.

108

His prayer begins in v. 16 by giving ______________. Paul prays for


three things:
Vs. 17 _________________________________________________________________
Vs. 18 _________________________________________________________________
Vs. 19 _________________________________________________________________
His prayer continues in 1:19-23. On what great supernatural event
is the power of Christ made available to believers?
_________________________________________________________________________

How does this prayer impact your life?


_________________________________________________________________________

THE EXPERIENCE OF LIFE IN CHRIST, 2:1-10


2:1-3 How does Paul describe us in our former unconverted state?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

At that time we were by nature ______________________________________


2:4-8 How can we then enter into spiritual life?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:9-10 Describe the place of works in our Christian life.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

THE ONENESS OF OUR LIFE IN CHRIST, 2:113:13.


Here Paul speaks of the results of we Gentiles being brought into
the family of God.
2:11-22 How do we Gentiles relate to the covenant that God made
with the commonwealth of Israel?
_________________________________________________________________________

Paul assures us that we are on absolutely the same footing as


Jewish believers.
He here speaks of this Jewish-Gentile
relationship as one new man (2:15), and of we Gentile Christians
as fellow citizens with the saints and members the household of God
(2:19). This emphasis was much needed because the Jews had
been taught that only they were Gods chosen people.

109

How is this concept of believers spiritual oneness needed in our


day?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:13-22
near?

On what basis have believing Gentiles been brought

_________________________________________________________________________

With what effect?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

How does this relate to the law of commandments and ordinances?


_________________________________________________________________________

The result (v. 19) is:


_________________________________________________________________________

How does he describe us in vs. 19-22?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:1-6 Paul uses the term mystery (v. 3) because of the various
pagan mystery religions, which contained secrets known only to
the initiated.
What is the mystery of Christ (v. 4-6)?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Paul speaks of his role as a minister of this mysteryto preach


the Gospel to those who are now Jews.
_________________________________________________________________________

3:7-13 On what basis can Gentile believers have boldness and access
(into Gods presence) with confidence?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

THE POWER OF LIFE IN CHRIST, 3:14-21


3:16-19 Summarize Pauls prayer here.
_________________________________________________________________________

110

_________________________________________________________________________

How does it encourage you?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:20-21 What in this benediction, encourages you?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Our Walk In Christ, Chs. 46


While the first three chapters of Ephesians are doctrinal, the last
three chapters are practical. In chapters 13 Paul first speaks of
our relationship to Christ, and then of the relationship of Jews and
Gentiles to one another. In chapters 46 he deals with the
difference this relationship with Christ makes in daily living.
How does he express this in 4:1?
_________________________________________________________________________

BY LIVING IN UNITY WITH ONE ANOTHER, 4:1-16.


4:1-3 What should you do to help maintain Christian unity?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:4-6 Seven things are mentioned here, each speaking of oneness.


How can they each contribute to unity in Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:7-10 Not only are Jews and Gentiles have a unity because of
Christ, but also through Christ each has been given gifts.
Where do you fit in regarding this equipping ministry?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:7-13 How will the exercise of these ministry gifts contribute to


Christian unity?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Where do you fit in regarding this equipping ministry?

111

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:14-16 What will be the lasting effects?


_________________________________________________________________________

BY LIVING IN THE LIGHT, 4:175:20.


4:17-19 How does he describe the walk of non-believers?
_________________________________________________________________________

What part does their hardness of heart contribute to their state?


_________________________________________________________________________

With what result?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:20-24 What is the key to putting on the new self?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:25-32 What are those things that we will do, and will not do as
we put on the new self?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:1-2 Describe the kind of love we are to walk in as we seek to be


imitators of God?
5:3-14 How is the believer to relate to the evils of this world?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:15-20 What are some evidences of being filled with the Spirit?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

BY LIVING SUBMISSIVELY, 5:216:9.


The general principle of biblical submission is stated in 5:21,
followed by three categories of submission.
Wives to Husbands, 5:22-32.

112

5:22-24 Paul first speaks to the wife. What does he tell her to do?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:25-33 Next he speaks to the husband. Describe his responsibility, and the model for it.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Now a word to wives. If your husband loves you in this biblical


way, will you have a problem submitting to him? __________________
And a word to husbands. If your wife submits to you in this
biblical way, will you have a problem loving her in the way the
Bible tells you to? ________________
Now a word to both. Have we not, by following these biblical
injunctions, eliminated many of the problems typical among
married couples today? Your comments please.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Children to Parents, in 6:1-4.


Several reasons for obeying parents are:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Fathers, what does it mean to provoke your children?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In practical ways, how can you bring up your children in the


discipline and instruction of the Lord?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Employers to Employees, 6:5-9.


As an employee, describe how you are to work for your employer,
and how this will impact your Christian witness.
_________________________________________________________________________

As an employer, how are you to treat your employees?

113

_________________________________________________________________________

LIVING WITH SPIRITUAL ARMOR, 6:10-18.


In v. 10 Paul tells us to be strong in the Lord.
following verses he tells us how.

Then in the

As Paul wrote this portion he had in mind to Roman soldiers32 of


that day. What is the application of each piece of their dress and
equipment to a Christian in his spiritual warfare?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Which pieces of armor do you need the most right now?


_________________________________________________________________________

Paul concludes this letter in 6:19-24.


6:19-20 His request for prayer,
6:21-22 His explanation regarding Tychicus, the bearer of this
letter,
6:23-24 Pauls closing word of blessing.

PHILIPPIANS:
Joyful in All Circumstances
Rejoice in the Lord always;
again I will say, Rejoice,
Phil. 4:4.
Paul expresses his cup as half full, rather than half empty, a
mark of a good leader, and a model for all of us!
Paul was filled with joy as he:
1. Gave thanks for past blessings, 1:3-11
2. Experienced God in his worst circumstances, 1:12-18
32

While in prison, Paul reflected on the uniform and equipment of Roman soldiers, and of
how each part illustrated the spiritual armor that believers can put on for their spiritual
battles.

114

3. Trusted God for a better future, 1:19-30


4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Put First the Interests of Others, 2:1-11


Encouraged them to put their faith into practice, 2:12-18
Saw God at work in his fellow-servants, 2:19-30
Focused on Gods plan for believers, 3:1-4:1
Taught others about real joy, 4:2-9
Appreciated his present blessings, 4:10-20.
Background to Philippians

FOUNDING OF THE CHURCH AT PHILIPPI. On Pauls first arrival in


Philippi (Acts 16:12-40) he met a group of Jewish ladies who were
meeting for prayer by a riverside. One of them was Lydia, who
believed, and together with her household, was baptized. Later,
Paul cast out a demon from a possessed girl, which ended in he
and Silas being put in prison, where they sang hymns in the night.
Through Gods intervention by means of an earthquake, they were
released. Because of their testimony, both the jailer and his family
were converted, and soon afterward, Paul and Silas left.
Apparently Luke continued ministering to these believers.
REASON FOR WRITING. The Philippians had twice before sent funds
to Paul, 4:15-16; and now again they sent a gift by Epaphroditus,
4:18. Paul writes this letter to thank them, 1:5 and 4:10-19. He also
uses this opportunity to touch on other matters mentioned in this
letter.
Questions for Study and Discussion
You too can be joyful too by
1. Giving Thanks for Past Blessings, 1:3-11
1:4-5 Why could Paul pray with joy for these believers?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:6 Why else could he be joyful about?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:9-11 What is at the heart of his prayer?


_________________________________________________________________________

How will Gods answering this prayer affect you?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

115

2. Experiencing God in the Worst of Circumstances, 1:12-18


What are your worst circumstances? For Paul, one such was
being in prison. This was probably his first imprisonment in
Rome. See Acts 28:16 and 30.
1:12-14 What about this experience gave him great joy?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:15-18 Why could even his detractors not take this joy away from
him? Compare also Romans 8:28.
_________________________________________________________________________

3. Trusting God for a Better Future, 1:19-30


1:19 In spite of these terrible circumstances, Paul says, I will
continue to rejoice. Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:20-23 Why could he rejoice even if he was not released from


prison?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:24-26 How would his release impact the believers at Philippi?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:27-30 At that time Pauls concern was for how the Philippian
church would respond in difficult circumstances.
1:29 What effect can this message have on your joy?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4. Putting First the Interests of Others, 2:1-11


2:1-2 What character traits would give Paul joy?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:3-4 What can stand in the way of Christian character?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:5-11 How did Christ model this behavior?


_________________________________________________________________________

116

In this example Paul starts with the fact that Christ in very
nature is God. How He handled who He is, is then described in
verses 7-8.
2:9-11 What is the result of this self-emptying?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5. Putting Your Faith into Practice, 2:12-18


2:12-13 Why are we encouraged to work out our salvation?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:14-16 How can fulfilling this mandate help you be joyful?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:17-18 How can Pauls attitude here help you?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6. Focus on How God is Working Through Others, 2:19-30


2:19-21 How does Paul compare Timothy with others? Does he
see the glass half full, or half empty? How can following Pauls
example help cheer you as well?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:22-24 What part does hope play in giving us joy?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:25-30 How were the Philippians told to greet the return of


Epaphroditus? How do you think they might have done this?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

What are some events in your life that can be transformed into
occasions for joyful celebration? How can you make them just
that?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

117

7. Focusing on Gods Plan for Your Life, 3:1-4:1


Paul begins this section: rejoice in the Lord! This phrase might
mean , rejoice because you are the Lords.
What impact can this have on you, knowing that you are the
Lords and that He has a plan for your life?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:2-3 Who were they to watch out for?


_________________________________________________________________________

These people were seeking to reconvert Pauls converts back to


Judaism.
3:4-6 Paul had, been there, done that. So far as legalistic
righteousness, Paul says he was ________________. Yet he well knew
Isa. 64:6, all our righteous acts are like filthy rags.
3:7-9 Set in strong contrast are those who seek rewards from God
through repeated prayers and religious deeds, and those who are
transformed by the righteousness of Christ.
3:10 How will coming to know Christ in this way affect your joy?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:12-17 Notice carefully Pauls stated need to continue striving


forward in his Christian life. How does he make it clear that this is
to be our attitude as well?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:18 What will happen to those who live as enemies of the cross
of Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:19 How can they be identified?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:20 What is the joyous hope of the transformed believer?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

118

4:1 Paul concludes this section saying, this is how you should
stand firm in the Lord. And doing so, gives him much joy!
8. Sharing Real Joy With Others, 4:2-9
Paul begins this section by appealing to Euodia and Syntyche to
agree in the Lord. Sadly, even among Christian workers there is
sometimes strife.
4:4 Here were are told to Rejoice in the Lord ___________________.
What are some specific ways you can implement this command?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:6-7 How will heeding this exhortation impact your joy?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:8 This is really powerful. Think about every part of it. How can
you better live out the various aspects of this exhortation?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:9 How does this verse relate to joy?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

9. Appreciating Your Present Blessings, 4:10-20.


4:10-13 How can your attitude about material needs affect your
joy?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:14-19 What did Paul believe would be the result of their giving?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion, 4:20-23
4:22 How is the strategic impact of the gospel seen in this verse?

119

_________________________________________________________________________

How do you think that made Paul feel?


_________________________________________________________________________

Reflecting on the book of Philippians


Look back over the main reasons for joy that Paul speaks of in this
letter. Then write down those things that will make you a more
joyful person. Be prepared to share them in your group meeting,.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

120

Lesson 8

COLOSSIANS, 1 & 2 THESSALONIANS

COLOSSIANS:
How to Live in Christ
Therefore, as you received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk in him, rooted
and built up in him and established in the faith, just as you were taught,
abounding in thanksgiving.
Colossians 2:6-7
Pauls primary concerns are the doctrinal and moral purity of the
church. He thus emphasizes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Having People Praying for You 1:3-14


Exalting the Lord Jesus Christ, 1:15-23
Having a Ministry in the Church, 1:242:5
Being Warned Regarding False Teachings, 2:6-23
Focusing on Christian Morality, 3:1-17.
Living Lives in Submission to Others, 3:184:1
Continuing Steadfast in Prayer, 4:2-18
Background for Colossians

FOUNDING OF THE CHURCH AT COLOSSE. It was Epaphras who had


brought the Gospel to Colosse, 1:7, which was his home town,
4:12. It is likely that Epaphras was trained during Pauls two-year
training institute in Ehesus, Acts 19:9-11.
PURPOSE FOR WRITING. Paul wrote the Colossian believers from
Rome, where he was in prison for his Christian ministry. In this
letter he responds to news about the church and especially of their
being influenced by false teachers.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-2
What is the significance of how Paul addresses these believers?
_________________________________________________________________________

121

1. Pauls Prayer for the Church, 1:3-14


1:3-8 Since Paul did not evangelize these believers directly (1:4),
how did the Gospel come to them?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:9-14 For what did Paul pray?


_________________________________________________________________________

Why did he pray this prayer?


_________________________________________________________________________

How is this prayer affecting your life now?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

What aspects of Satans dominion have you been rescued from?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Exalting the Lord Jesus Christ, 1:15-24


1:15 How is the Son of God here described?
_________________________________________________________________________

The word image here is eikon, the closest word the Greeks had
to photograph. Jesus is the exact replica of God, in human form.
1:15-17 How is this seen in His relationship to creation?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:18-20 What is the relationship of Christ to His Church?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:21-22 As a believer in Christ, what is your past, present and


future?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:23 On what condition is this future based?


_________________________________________________________________________

122

3. Ministry to the church, 1:242:5


1:24 I fill up in my flesh, means that Paul recognized his call to
suffer for Christ, for the sake of his body, which is the church.
How do you think this relates to the fact that Christ died as the
one sacrifice for sins forever (Heb. 10:14), a completed and neverto-be-repeated act?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

How do you respond to Pauls reminder in Phil. 1:29?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:25 What was Pauls responsibility to the church?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:26-27 What is this mystery?


_________________________________________________________________________

Paul used this term for two reasons. First, because it appropriately
explains the mystery of the Good News to which we all are
naturally blind. Second, it was a term used by the so-called
mystery religions of that day, mysteries made known only to
the initiates.
1:28-29 How do you identify with Pauls struggles here?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

What is the relationship between struggling, 1:29, and the use of


Christs energy that is powerfully at work in us?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:1 What Paul struggles were, can be surmised when we


remember that his was in a Roman prison where he was facing
almost certain death. At the same time, false teachers were
threatening the Gospel itself. Thus Paul labored mightily in prayer
for these believers. Cf. Eph. 6:12 and Phil. 4:6.
Colosse and Laodicea were churches, about 20 miles apart. These
church people had not as yet met Paul. He had only heard about
their struggles from Epaphras.
2:2-3 Paul says, all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge are
hidden in Christ? How is this so?

123

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:4-5 Paul now speaks clearly about what he had previously


inferred. With what was he so mightily exercised in spirit?
_________________________________________________________________________

4. Warnings about false teachings, 2:6-23


2:6-7 How did you receive Christ Jesus the Lord? _____________
What does this mean? ________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

How then are you to continue in your Christian walk? _____________


What does this mean? _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:8 How does Paul here describe the false teaching that the
Colossians were facing?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Paul was concerned lest these believers be taken captive


probably meaning carried off bodily. The term hollow
implied that the philosophy could not do what it promised. It was
based on human tradition, probably Judaistic in essence. The
basic principles of the world means elementary teaching
(Greek: stoikeia) whether from Judaism or the mystery religions.
2:9-10 What key Christian doctrine do you think these false
teachers were attacking?
_________________________________________________________________________

Why is this truth so important?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:11 From what background did these religious teachers likely


come?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:11-12 How is the work of men contrasted with the work of


Gods Spirit? What does this mean for your salvation?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:13-15 How does the Cross of Christ impact the requirements of


the Law?

124

_________________________________________________________________________

How does the Cross of Christ affect other spiritual powers?


_________________________________________________________________________

How does the Cross of Christ make spiritually dead people alive?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:16-17 How does faith in Christ relate to legalistic practices?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:18-19 What happens to those who adopt them?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:20-23 What do these religious practices do to reform character?


In this section we see that Christ is all in all. Salvation is based on
what He had done, with nothing that can be added to it. But Paul
makes it equally clear that continuing to walk in faith and
obedience is essential to final salvation.
5. Emphasis on Christian Morality, 3:1-17.
3:1 What does it mean to be raised with Christ? Cf. 2:12.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:2 In this position with Christ, what is now our responsibility?


__________________________________________________
3:3, 5 How do you understand the words, you died, with the
command put to death? Cf. Romans Ch. 6.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:5-9 What things in your life need to be put to death? How?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:10-17 He then speaks of things we as believers are to put on


and clothe ourselves with.
On the left below, inventory those things that you need to take out
of your life; and on the right, those that you need to add.
___________________________________

____________________________________

___________________________________

____________________________________

125

___________________________________

____________________________________

___________________________________

____________________________________

What practical steps will you take to accomplish this?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6. Teaching about Submission, 3:184:1


Wives are to:

_________________________________________________________

Husbands are to: _____________________________________________________


Children are to:
Fathers are to:

______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Employees are to:

____________________________________________________

Employers are to:

____________________________________________________

7. Final Instructions, 4:2-18


4:2-4 How are we to pray?
4:5-6 How are we to communicate with those who need Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________

How can we make this happen?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Final Greetings 4:7-18


In these final verses Paul writes of the several fellow workers who
were involved with him in the ministry of the Gospel.

1 THESSALONIANS:
Living With Expectant Faith
Remembering before our God and Father your work of faith
and labor of love and steadfastness of hope
in our Lord Jesus Christ.
1 Thessalonians 1:3.
This verse readily forms the outline for this early church letter.

126

1. Your Work of Faith, Ch. 1


For not only has the word of the Lord sounded forth from you in
Macedonia and Achaia, but your faith in God has gone forth everywhere,
so that we need not say anything, 1:8
2. Your Labor of Love, Ch. 24:13
may the Lord make you increase and abound in love for one another and
for all, as we do for you, 3:12.
Now concerning brotherly love you have no need for anyone to write to
you, for you yourselves have been taught by God to love one another, 4:9.
3. Your Steadfastness of Hope, 4:13-5:11
4:14 For since we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so, through
Jesus, God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep, 4:14.
4:18 Therefore encourage one another with these words.
Conclusion: 5:12-28
Rejoice always, pray without ceasing, give thanks in all circumstances;
for this is the will of God in Christ Jesus for you, 5:16-18.
Background of 1 Thessalonians
AUTHOR. These two letters have been recognized as coming from
Pauls hand from earliest times. Paul claims to have written these
two letters in 1:1 and 2:18.
PLACE OF WRITING. Both letters were written during his second
missionary journey, 1 Thess. 3:1-6.
RECIPIENTS. Paul wrote primarily to the God-fearing Gentiles who
were converted to Christ during his ministry there. See Acts 17:4.
OCCASION FOR WRITING. In addition to sending his loving
greetings and encouragement to them, both letters address a
misunderstanding about the Lords return.
Questions for Study and Discussion
1. Your Work of Faith, Ch. 1
Paul was thrilled on receiving news from Timothy that these new
believers were standing firm in their faith.
1:3 How was the reality of their faith in evidence?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

127

1:4-9 In what other ways was their faith evidenced?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:10 Pauls teaching while among them included:


_________________________________________________________________________

2. Your Labor of Love, Ch. 24:13


2:1-2 Paul is assured that his ministry there was not in vain, but
was carried on amidst much conflict. See this in Acts 17:1-10.
2:3-6 Summarize Pauls preaching manner and experience.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:7-9 What was his financial policy?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:10-12 Summarize Pauls pastoral manner.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:13 In what way should their experience be our experience?


What effect will this have?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:14 In what way should our experience be like that of the church
in Thessalonica and Judeaas well as like that of Paul, our Lord,
and of the prophets of old? What effect will this have on you?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:15-16 What will the end be of those who oppose the Gospel of
Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________

Paul was eager to return to the Thessalonian believers but in this


attempt, he says but Satan hindered us. Probably this referred to
the opposition of people; but Satan was behind it.
3:5 What would have happened if the tempter had succeeded in
his plans for them?

128

_________________________________________________________________________

3:6-9 Paul later sent Timothy, who returned with good news of
your faith and love. How did this make Paul feel?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:10-12 How will Gods answering this prayer impact your life?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:13 What additional motivation is included here?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:1-2 If Paul visited your church, what message might he bring?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:3-8 The word sanctification means to be made holy. In what


important area is practical holiness to change our lives?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:9-10 How can you implement Pauls admonitions in these


verses?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:11 How ought you to apply this verse in your own life?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:12 What will the twofold result of this be?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3. Your Steadfastness of Hope, 4:13-5:11


4:13-18 First, notice the sequence of events. These believers were
asking, What about believers who have already died? Wont they
miss out on the return of Christ? Paul responds in 4:13-18.
4:13-14 How will they participate?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:16 What events will mark the coming of the Lord?

129

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:17 What will happen after that?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:1 Second, notice what Paul says about the times and dates of
Christs return.
5:2 Paul says that Christ will come like _______________. Some have
interpreted this to mean that the return of Christ for His Church
will be secret. But remember Paul earlier said that Christs coming
would be accompanied by a cry of command, and the voice of an
archangel and with the sound of the trumpet God (4:16).
5:4 What people will find His coming NOT like a thief?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:4-11 In view of Christs return, how does he urge us to live?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion, 5:13-28
Briefly describe Pauls instruction in regard to:
5:12-13 Those who are over you in the Lord.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:14-15 People in general.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:16-21 Yourself.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In the benediction, 5:23, to be sanctified completely means that


your _____________________________________________________________ will
be kept blameless.
5:26 A holy kiss is still practiced by Christians in some countries.
In ours it might be a holy hug.

130

2 THESSALONIANS:
Living in the Light of Christs Return
Now concerning the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ
and our being gathered together to him not to be quickly shaken
in mind or alarmed, either by a spirit or a spoken word,
or a letter seeming to be from us, to the effect that
the day of the Lord has come.
2 Thessalonians 2:1-2
In this second letter to the Thessalonians Paul responds to further
questions about the return of Christ.
It was probably written a few months after the first.
1. Thanksgiving for a Growing faith, 1:3-12
1:3-5 What was the environment in which this church was
growing? How should this be an encouragement to you?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:6-10 In connection with what coming event will God deal with
those who persecute us?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:11-12 How will Pauls prayer here help guide your praying?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Further Teaching About the Return of Christ, 2:1-12


2:1-2 What is the day of the Lord?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:3-4 What must take place before this day comes?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

131

2:5-8 Paul had formerly taught them about this man of


lawlessness, but perhaps they had forgotten. What will be his end?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:9 This man of lawlessness will come at the end times with all
power and false signs and wonders. (Compare. Mt. 24:24)
2:10 For whom will his counterfeits be effective?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:10-12 Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

All these events must occur, Paul says, before Christ returns and
we are gathered together to Him.
2:13 As believers, we stand in contrast to those who are not
because have been chosen by God through:
1 ______________________________________________________________________
2 ______________________________________________________________________
So then, Paul urges, stand firm and hold to the traditions (teachings)
that you were taught by us.
3. Admonitions for Christian Living, 3:1-15
3:1-5 The first of these has to do with prayer. For what does he
request prayer?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:5 How will, the Lord direct your hearts to the love of God and to the
steadfastness of Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:6-13 What admonition does Paul give in regard to our work


ethic?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

How do these admonitions apply in your life


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

132

3:14-15 How are we to regard those who do not heed Pauls


instructions in this letter?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion, 3:16-18
What is Pauls sign of genuineness that he uses in all his letters?
_________________________________________________________________________

133

Lesson 9

1 TIMOTHY, 2 TIMOTHY, TITUS

1 TIMOTHY:
How to Lead in Gods Work
I am writing these things to you so that . . . you may know how one
ought to behave in the household of God
1 Timothy 3:14-15.
This Christian behavior focuses not only on the whole church, but
also on church leadership, on Timothy, and even on Paul himself.
This letter emphasize:
1.
2.
3.
4.

The Importance of Doctrine, Ch. 1


The Importance of Prayer, Ch. 2
The Importance of Church Leaders, Ch. 3
The Importance of Timothys Ministry, Ch. 46
Background to 1 Timothy

AUTHOR. The apostle Paul identifies himself as the author, and


this is supported by early Christian writers generally.
RECIPIENT. Timothy was Pauls constant ministry partner from his
second missionary journey and onward. He was half-Jewish and
half Greek (Acts 16:1). Paul called him my true son in the faith
(1:2)indicating that Paul had led him to faith in Christ.
OCCASION FOR WRITING. After Paul left Ephesus (Acts 19) he
placed Timothy in charge. He would have liked to return to
Ephesus himself, doubtless because of the challenging
circumstances that has arisen in this church.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Paul had left Timothy in Ephesus, where the church was growing
rapidly, and into the surrounding areas as well. In fact, as Acts
19:10 reports, in the space of two years all the residents of Asia
heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks. That is an

134

astonishing statement, given that the province of Asia was about


20,000 square miles in size!
In this letter Paul gives Timothy instructions about how to
conduct his ministry in this area. It is a letter that can help us as
well, in the work God has given us to do.
1. The Importance of Doctrine, Ch. 1
Not only was the Good News growing rapidly, but also so were
its enemies. It is this problem that Paul addresses here.
1:3-7 How does Paul here describe their false doctrine?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Some have seen the term myths and endless genealogies as a


reference to the beginnings of Gnostic ideas, which were
developed more fully in the second century. We believe that Paul
may here be alluding to a speculative type of Judaism. In Titus
1:14 myths are identified as being Jewish.
How does Paul describe the goal of his command?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:8-11
Law.

Summarize Pauls teaching about the value of the O.T.

_________________________________________________________________________

1:12-17 Paul reminds Timothy of how gracious God was to make


him a recipient of the grace of God, because he said, he acted in
ignorance and unbelief (1:13).
1:16 For what additional reason did the Lord reach down and
save Paul?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:18 What is the good warfare that we too are to fight?


1:19 What happened to those who failed to hold on to faith and a
good conscience?
_________________________________________________________________________

What does this mean? See also 1 Corinthians 5:5.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Why is grace so essential in the Gospel message?

135

(See also John 14:6; Eph. 2:1-10.)


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

This central truth of our Faith in many quarters today is being


watered down or outright denied. And whenever this occurs, the
Church of our Lord suffers
What can you do to make sure that we keep the main thingthe
Gospelthe main thing?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. The Importance of Prayer, Ch. 2


Next to the Gospel, prayer builds churches! How is this
emphasized in:
Ps. 127:1? ______________________________________________________________
Mt. 7:7? ________________________________________________________________
Jn. 16:24? _______________________________________________________________
2:1 Prayer is the starting point in any ministry. How does this
verse describe praying?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:2-3 What is one of the goals of our praying for those in


governmental leadership?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:4,6 Who does God desire should be saved, and how should this
affect our praying?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:5 Relate Pauls teaching here to the belief that all religions can
lead us to God.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

136

For whom did Christ give his life as a ransom33?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:8-15 Summarize Pauls teaching regarding the place of women


in the church.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:13-14 Many today discount this teaching, saying that it is a


cultural issue, therefore binding only on those living in that
culture. What in this passage suggests otherwise?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3. The Importance of Church Leaders, Ch. 3


The first category of leadership is that of overseer, (Greek,
episkopos). In Greek culture this person was the presiding official in
civic and religious affairs. It is equivalent to the word elder
(presbyters), used of leaders in Jewish culture. These two terms are
used interchangeably in the New Testament. See Acts 20:17; Titus
1:5-7, and 1 Peter 5:1-2.
What are the requirements of a church overseer/elder in:
The home?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

The community?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

The church?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In which of these areas do you do well?


_________________________________________________________________________

In which do you need further growth?


33

It is the position of this writer that Christ died for the entire world, and that all those
who respond in faith are effectually elect in Christ.

137

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:8-13 The second category is that of deacons. The Greek word


(diakonos) means one who serves. Deacons in Acts Chapter 6
were chosen to serve the church in material areas. These deacons
were doubtless called to serve in the physical and material areas of
the churchs needs.
What are their requirements related to:
The community _______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

The home? ____________________________________________________________


_________________________________________________________________________

The Faith? _____________________________________________________________


_________________________________________________________________________

4. The Importance of Timothys Ministry, Ch. 46


4:1-2 First, Paul warns of false teachers. What is the real source of
this false teaching? ________________________________________
4:3-5 What does Paul teach about the matters of marriage and
food?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:6-7 How does Paul say we should deal with these distractions to
the management of Gods work?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:8 What does he teach about godly vs. physical training?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:12-13 In what ways is he to set an example for the believers?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:13-14 What is to be the focus on his ministry?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

138

4:15-16 What does Paul say that shows the seriousness of purpose
that is demanded of Gods servants?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:3-16 What are Pauls instruction regarding widows?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:17-18 Paul speaks of elders (presbyters), some were managing


elders, while others labored at preaching and teaching. What do
you think Paul means by saying that the preaching/teaching
elders are worthy of double honor?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:19-20 What guideline did he give regarding elders who were


accused of sin?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:21-25 What guidelines did he give regarding:


Favoritism?
_________________________________________________________________________

Carefulness in selecting others to ministry?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:1-2 While we do not have slaves today, the principle Paul


speaks of here is still valid. Here we see that building a work for
God does not all take place inside the walls of a church. How we
live out our Christianity in the real world is vital as well.
6:1 What attitude should we have toward our employers?
_________________________________________________________________________

How will our work ethic impact our testimony?


_________________________________________________________________________

6:2 How does this apply when our boss is a Christian?


_________________________________________________________________________

139

6:5 Paul sets the focus for this is by talking about some who are
6:10 What should be our attitude toward money?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

What can happens to those who want to get rich?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Assess your own attitude about money and the things money can
buy. In light of this passage, what changes do you need to make?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:11-16 As Christian workers (like Timothy) what are those things


we are to pursue?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:17-19 What instruction is given to the rich?


_________________________________________________________________________

6:20-21 Pauls final admonition to Timothy is:


_________________________________________________________________________

2 TIMOTHY:
Guidelines for Leading Gods Work
I remind you to fan into flame the gift of God,
which is in you through the laying on of my hands,
2 Timothy 1:6
Pauls second letter to Timothy was written from a prison cell in
Rome (1:16-17) where he was bound with chains (2:9) and where
he expected soon to be killed (4:6).
It is written to Timothy, Pauls valued and trusted co-worker in
the work of the Gospel.

140

The many exhortations in this letter can be defined as:


1.
2.
3.
4.

Words of Encouragement, Ch. 1


Words of Admonition, Ch. 2
Words of Warning, Ch. 3
Words of Challenge, Ch. 4
Background of 2 Timothy

AUTHORSHIP. Early Christian writers agree with statements in this


letter that Paul is the author.
TIME AND SETTING. Eusebius (263-339) says this was during a
second imprisonment, and after he had gone to Spain. During
Pauls first imprisonment he was able to live fairly freely in his
own rented house (Acts 28:30).
RECIPIENT. From his second missionary journey onward Timothy
was Pauls constant ministry partner. Timothy was half-Jewish
and half Greek (Acts 16:1). Paul addresses him as my beloved
child (1:2), suggesting that he had led him to faith in Christ and
discipled him in the ways of Christ.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-2
From his prison cell, and while facing imminent death, Paul
speaks of the promise of life that is in Christ Jesus. Life eternal is
our hopethrough what Christ has done for us on the Cross.
To Timothy he says, grace, mercy and peace. The experience of
grace from God, mercy when we fall short, and peace through
forgiveness, make possible our Christian ministry.
1. Words of Encouragement, Ch. 1
1:3-4 In what ways did Paul model leadership?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:6 What does fan into flame the gift of God mean, and how are
we to do this?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

141

1:7 What will the impact be of your gift being fanned into flame?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Is there a relationship between living a holy life and experiencing


suffering? Explain.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

How can we develop a holy life? Cf. also 2 Corinthians 7:1; Eph.
4:22-24.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:11 Paul says that he was called to be a preacher, apostle and


teacher of the Gospel of the grace of God. What a combination! He
was called to herald the Good News. And he was first called, then
sent by God to do thiswhich is the meaning of apostle. And he
was also a teacher, consummate in skills, knowledge and
anointing.
In what way are you able to best communicate the Gospel?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:12 Being a herald of the Gospel can set us up for persecution.


What is Gods promise to us in this regard?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:13-14 Persecution is something we would all naturally want to


avoid. Yet it may be on the way. How will these verses help?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Words of Admonition, Ch. 2


2:1 How was Timothy to be strong? What does this mean?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:2 How can you help implement this principle in your church?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

142

2:3-6 What does enduring hardship involve?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:7 As you too reflect on this, what do you think Paul is saying?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:8-10 Why was Paul not discouraged by his own circumstances?


_________________________________________________________________________

In the O. T. period, the Israelites were Gods elect (Ex. 6:7; Num.
23:9). Because of Christs sacrificial death, all people are
potentially Gods elect (Jn. 3:16) if they repent and trust in Christs
sacrifice for their salvation.
2:11-13 What is the promise and the warning in these verses?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:14 With the eternal Gospel at stake, what does Paul urge?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:15 What is to be the focus of our ministry?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:14-18 What can easily divert us from this focus?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:22 What else can divert us from our ministry focus?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:24-25 How are we to carry out this ministry focus?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3. Words of Warning, Ch. 3


3:1-9 How does Paul describe people who live in the last days?
_________________________________________________________________________

How does he describe their religious character?


_________________________________________________________________________

How are we to relate to such people? Why?

143

_________________________________________________________________________

3:12 Ponder this verse. How does it relate to your experience?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:14-15 In such circumstances as these, how shall we then live?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:16-17 All scripture is breathed out by God describes how God


guided in the formation of Scripture. See also 2 Pet. 1:21.
What is the twofold use of inspired Scripture?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Not only should the Bible inform us; it must also transform us. Not
only does it teach us truth to believe; it also teaches us truth to live
by. See also Rom. 6:1-4. Eph. 4:17-32.
What is essential in order for Scripture to equip us for good
works?
_________________________________________________________________________

4. Words of Challenge, Ch. 4


4:1 What does this verse tell you about God?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:2 What will following this teaching look like in your life?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:3-5 How will the truth of these verses impact your ministry
now?
_________________________________________________________________________

Conclusions, 4:6-22
4:6-8 Paul then concludes with his belief that now at last, his
Christian race is completed, and his end is near.
4:9-18 As you read these verses, do you believe that Pauls
ministry ended in failure? Why, or why not.
_________________________________________________________________________

How can you best prepare Gods people for times of persecution?
_________________________________________________________________________

144

TITUS:
Living Godly in an Ungodly Age
This is why I left you in Crete,
so that you might put what remained into order,
and appoint elders in every town as I directed you
Titus 1:5
This short letter admonishes Titus to focus on the ministry that left
to him when Paul left Crete. It contains two primary ideas:
1. Standards for Godly Leadership, Ch. 1
Titus was to appoint qualified elders in every church, 1:5-9.
This task may have been a challenging task, as 1:12-13 suggests:
One of the Cretans, a prophet of their own, said, Cretans are always
liars, evil beasts, lazy gluttons. This testimony is true. Therefore rebuke
them sharply, that they may be sound in the faith.
2. Standards for Godly Behavior, Ch. 23
Titus was to teach what accords with sound34 doctrine35 (2:1). Paul
relates this healthful teaching to: older women (2:3); younger
women (2:4-5); younger men (2:6); himself (2:7-8); and slaves (2:910), in short, to the entire church body.
Key Verse: For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for
all people, training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions,
and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age,
2:11-12.
Titus was a valued fellow worker of Paul, mentioned 13 times in
the New Testament (although not in Acts). Titus was with Paul
when he went to Jerusalem to discuss his Gospel with the
Christian leaders there (Gal. 2:3-5). He was probably with Paul in
Ephesus, and later went to Corinth to assist in the ministry there
(2 Corinthians 2:12-13; 7:5-7; 8:6). He was with Paul during the
evangelization of Crete (1:5), which must have occurred after
Pauls release from prison in Rome.
34

Greek: healthy. Titus was to teach that which would bring spiritual health to the
growing churches throughout Crete. See also 1 Tim. 1:10; 2 Tim. 4:3 and Tit. 1:9, where
this word is used. A note to church shepherds: feeding healthy food to the flock will
produce healthy Christians.
35
The Gr. didaskalia means teaching.

145

Study and Discussion Questions


Introduction, 1:1-4
1:1 How does Paul describe the believers in Crete?
_________________________________________________________________________

The word for elect comes from a word meaning to call out. We
know that God so loved the world that whoever believes in him
should not perish but have eternal life. (Jn. 3:16) Yet Jesus also said,
no man can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him.(Jn.
6:44) How these two truths relate has long been debated. Some
hold that God elects individuals to come to Him. Others believe
that there is now a corporate election of all gentiles. This means
that just as God elected the entire nation of Israel, (yet not all who
are descended from Israel belong to Israel, Rom. 9:6), so through
Christs death, he now makes possible the salvation of all. But
only those who respond in faith are saved.
Where does this Christian experience lead us?
_________________________________________________________________________

1. Standards for Godly Leadership, Ch. 1


The first way a church can promote godly leadership is to:
APPOINT GODLY CHURCH LEADERS, 1:5-9
How are church leaders to demonstrate godliness at home?
_________________________________________________________________________

What qualities are they to demonstrate in their church work?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

What is to characterize their teaching?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

What is significant about the order of these responsibilities?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

REFUTE FALSE TEACHING, 1:10-16


1:10-12 What kinds of false teachers are described here?
_________________________________________________________________________

146

_________________________________________________________________________

1:13-15 How was Titus to deal with them?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:16 How were they clearly identified?


_________________________________________________________________________

2. Standards for Godly Behavior, Ch. 23


TEACH SOUND DOCTRINE, 2:1-15
What things was Titus to teach to:
Older men, 2:2?
_________________________________________________________________________

Older women, 2:3?


_________________________________________________________________________

How was he to communicate with younger women, 2:4-5?


_________________________________________________________________________

How was he to work with younger men, 2:6-8?


_________________________________________________________________________

Slaves (employees in our day), 2:9-10?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:11-14 To what things are we to say no? To what are we to say


yes? In order to say yes to Gods things, must we first say
no to the things of this world? Explain.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:15 Describe how these truths are to be taught.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

SUBMIT TO AUTHORITIES IN SOCIETY, 3:1-2


Living in an ungodly world means relating to a government that
may also be ungodly.
3:1 What responsibility do we have, as Christians, to our
government?
_________________________________________________________________________

147

3:2 What is our responsibility to society in general?


_________________________________________________________________________

PRACTICE GOODNESS WHILE LIVING IN A BAD WORLD, 3:3-14


3:3 While we seek to live godly in a sinful world, of what value is
it to be reminded of our own sinful past?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:4-7 What is in these verses can you share with unbelievers?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:8 What should be our lifestyle, now that we have trusted in


God?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:9-11 What things are we to avoid? Why?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:14 What is the good that believers are to engage in?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Wrap Up
At you review the key points made from these three chapters,
write down several ideas that you find most challenging.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Ask for the Lords help as you seek to implement these principles
of godliness into your own life.

148

PHILEMON:
Learning to Forgive
Philemon was a committed believer, who hosted a church in his
own house (v. 2) A slave of his slave, Onesimus, had apparently
stolen from him, and then fled. This was an act punishable by
death. Onesimus ended up in Rome, where he came in contact
with Paul, who was in prison.
Paul led Onesimus to Christ (vs. 10). Subsequently he sent him
back to his master Philemon with this letter, urging clemency for
Onesimus.
What practical lessons do this brief letter for us?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

149

Lesson 10

HEBREWS:
The Superiority of Christ
He is the radiance of the glory of God and
the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe
by the word of his power. After making purification for sins,
he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,
Hebrews 1:3-4
This important book begins: Long ago, at many times and in many
ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophetsthus expressing the
Jewish nature of this epistle.
Verse 2 then speaks of the New Covenant, but in these last days he
has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things,
through whom also he created the world.
This is then followed in vs. 3 by a descriptive of who Gods Son
truly is.
Outline of the Book
In the introduction (1:1-3) the author sets forth 1) that the Son of
God is God of very God; 2) that his death was for the purification
for sins; and 3) that he is now glorified in heaven.
1. The Superiority of the Work of Christ, Chs. 110
CHRIST IS SUPERIOR TO ANGELS, CHS. 12.
Having become as much superior to angels as the name he has inherited
is more excellent than theirs. Heb. 1:4
Warning: Do not NEGLECT salvation, 2:1-4
CHRIST IS SUPERIOR TO MOSES, CHS. 3:14:13.
For Jesus has been counted worthy of more glory than Moses--as much
more glory as the builder of a house has more honor than the house
itself. Heb. 3:3

150

Warning: Do not REJECT salvation, 3:7-14


CHRIST IS SUPERIOR TO THE O.T. PRIESTHOOD, CHS. 5:110:18
So also Christ did not exalt himself to be made a high priest, but was
appointed by him who said to him, You are my Son, today I have
begotten you as he says also in another place, You are a priest forever,
after the order of Melchizedek, Heb. 5:5-6.
Warning: Do not FALL AWAY from Faith, 6:4-6
CHRISTS SACRIFICE IS SUPERIOR, CHS. 9:110:18.
For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins,
10:4.
For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being
sanctified, 10:14.
Warning: Do not SIN DELIBERATELY, 10:26-31
2. The Practice of the Work in Christ, Chs. 11-13
PRACTICING THE WALK OF FAITH, CH. 11.
And without faith it is impossible to please him, for whoever would
draw near to God must believe that he exists and that he rewards those
who seek him 11:6.
PRACTICING A DISCIPLINED CHRISTIAN LIFE, CH. 12.
Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let
us also lay aside every weight, and sin which clings so closely, and let us
run with endurance the race that is set before us, 12:1
CONCLUDING EXHORTATIONS, CH. 13.
Do not be led away by diverse and strange teachings, for it is good for
the heart to be strengthened by grace, 13:9
Background to Hebrews
TO WHOM WRITTEN. Hebrews was written to Hebrew Christians
living in Palestine prior to the Jewish rebellion against Rome,
around 66. During those times, Jews who had believed in Christ
were experiencing intense pressure to return to Judaism and to
join in the struggle against Roman rule.
PURPOSE FOR WRITING. The writer (possibly Paul) lifts up the
superiority of Christ to the Old Covenant (Chapters 1-10),
interspersed with four warnings not to abandon their faith.

151

Chapters 11-13 of the book contain an emphasis on how to live out


this life by faith
AUTHOR. Until around 1600 it was believed that Paul wrote
Hebrews. In more recent ties a number of other names have been
suggested, including Barnabas and Apollos. Paul had the
qualifications to write (he was trained in the Law under Gamaliel,
Acts 22:3). He also had the greatest desire to reach his own people,
Romans 9 and 10.
Questions for Study and Discussion
1. The Superiority of the Work of Christ, Chs. 110
CHRIST IS SUPERIOR TO ANGELS, CHS. 12.
1:2-3 The author begins by making seven descriptive statements
about Christ. These are:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:4-14 How do angels compare with Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:4-14 How does he further describe the Son?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Warning: Do not NEGLECT salvation, 2:1-4


The message of the Cross is forever true. What does 2:1-4 say will
happen to those who drift away, or ignore the great salvation
that Christ provides?
_________________________________________________________________________

Christs superiority to angels is resumed in 2:5.

152

2:6-8 The point of this quotation from Psalm 8 is to show that:


_________________________________________________________________________

2:9 By becoming lower than angels, what did Christ accomplish?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:10-13 Why is Jesus now not ashamed to call us brothers?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:14-16 What else did Jesus death accomplish? Explain.


_________________________________________________________________________

2:17-18 For what further reason must Jesus become a true human?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Summarize what the writer says about Jesus superiority to angels.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In what way is this important to you?


_________________________________________________________________________

CHRIST IS SUPERIOR TO MOSES, CHS. 3:14:13.


It was to Moses that God gave His Laws, which then became the
laws of the Jewish nation. The writer says that Christ is superior to
Moses.
3:1 What indication do you find that the recipients of this letter
were true Christians?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:3-6 In the two illustrations used, what is the significance of the


contrast between Christ and Moses?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:6 Who is identified as Gods house?


_________________________________________________________________________

153

Warning: Do not REJECT salvation, 3:7-14


3:6 What is the qualification for remaining in Gods house?
_________________________________________________________________________

Share the main ideas contained in 3:12-14.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:14 Is our perseverance in faith until the end of life essential for
salvation? Explain.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:15-19 How does the writers citing the children of Israel, who
were not allowed to enter the promised land because of their
disobedience and unbelief, relate to 3:14?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Ch. 4 deals with the application of what he has just said in Ch. 3.
Gods rest from our own works, by faith in what Christ has done
for us. The author has just spoken of why the children of Israel did
NOT enter the Promised Land; only their children did. The
Promised Land was a place of fruitfulness, rest, and blessing. Yet
those who had traveled those years in the desert did not enter.
Why? Because of their unbelief. This part of Israels history is used
to illustrate the then current situation.
4:1-3 What is the rest that God offers?
_________________________________________________________________________

How can we enter into that rest?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:4 Gods rest on the 7th day of creation illustrates the rest that
believers have by trusting in Christ.
4:5-6 What was it that kept the Israelites of old from entering the
rest of the Promised Land? Cf. Num. 14:26-30.
_________________________________________________________________________

4:7-8 How does the writer then show that there is an ongoing
application of this truth? Cf. Ps. 95:8-11

154

_________________________________________________________________________

4:9-10 How can we enter into Gods Sabbath Rest even today?
_________________________________________________________________________

How will this affect your own working to become righteous?


_________________________________________________________________________

We enter Gods Sabbath rest by resting from our own work, just
as God did from His. It is clear that some, as Paul says elsewhere,
did not know the righteousness that comes from God and sought
to establish their own, they did not submit to Gods
righteousness. (Romans 10:3)
4:11 What will be the outcome if we enter into Gods rest?
_________________________________________________________________________

While it is impossible to become righteous by our deeds, believers


in Christ are called to a life of good works. See Eph. 2:8-10.
4:12-13 The writer was using Gods Word in proving the truth just
presented. How will these verses impact your ministry?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:14-15
What are the stated differences between the high
priesthood of Jesus and that of Aaron?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:16 Why are we urged to approach the throne of grace?


_________________________________________________________________________

How does this differ from works-based religions?


_________________________________________________________________________

Why can Jesus sympathize with our weaknesses?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

155

CHRIST IS SUPERIOR TO THE AARONIC PRIESTHOOD, CHS. 5:1


10:18
The author first compares the Jewish high priestly office with
Jesus. This priesthood is called the Aaronic priesthood because it
began with Aaron, the older brother of Moses. See Exodus 39.
5:3 What makes the Aaronic priests inferior to Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:5 In what another way is Christ superior?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:7-10 In what way was His sacrifice superior?


_________________________________________________________________________

Melchizedek appears in the Bible only in Genesis 14. His name


means king of righteousness. He blessed Abraham in the name
of God Most High, and to him Abraham gave a 10th of
everything.
Warning: Do not FALL AWAY from Faith, 5:116:6
5:11-14 This warning is doubtless related to the fact that these
believers were: ________________________________________________________
6:1-3 To correct this, the writer says that they should:
_________________________________________________________________________

6:4-6 Does the writer here speak of those who had become true
Christians? What is the evidence found in these verses?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:6 Are these people now beyond all hope?


_________________________________________________________________________

6:7-8 In this illustration, land should produce a good crop. But if it


continues to grow only thorns and thistles, it will in the end be
burned. What is the point so far as Christians is concerned?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:9-10 The author however, concerning his readers, is confident of


better things. On what is this confidence based?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:11-12 How then does he urge us? Why?

156

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6:13-20 Concluding this warning, the author speaks of assurance.


Just as God was faithful to Abraham (vs. 15), all believers (who
have the same kind of faith as did Abraham) will likewise inherit
what has been promised, that is, eternal life. Cf. Romans Ch. 4,
where Paul argues that it is the children of faith who are the real
children of Abraham.
6:20 Jesus is the believers high priest forever, according to the
priesthood of Melchizedik.
The author first that, while Jesus is our great High Priest, He is not
a priest according to the priesthood of Aaron.
7:1-3 In order to better understand this background, first read
Genesis 14:18-20 where Abraham gave a tenth to Melchizedik.
While Melchizedik was a historical person, information about his
personal life is not provided. This silence (following Jewish
interpretation) is next used to illustrate his point.
7:4-10 How is Jesus shown to be superior to the Aaronic
priesthood?
_________________________________________________________________________

He points out that the one who collects tithes is greater than the
one who pays them. (i.e. the children of Abraham gave tithes to
Melchizedik through their ancestor Abraham.)
7:11-17 He next argues (based on Psalm 110:4) that since God
gave a new covenant, the old covenant requirements were also
changed.
How does he argue that Christs priesthood is forever?
_________________________________________________________________________

7:18-19 Why was the Old Covenant set aside?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:20-22 How is Gods oath involved in this covenant?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:23-25 What is the result of this permanent priesthood of Jesus?


_________________________________________________________________________

7:27 What was the offering of our Great High Priest?


_________________________________________________________________________

157

8:1-2 The point the author is making is:


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Jesus provided man with a New Covenant. Christ is the


administering priest, but in a tabernacle in heaven (See 9:24-25).
8:13 In doing this, what happened to the Old Covenant?
_________________________________________________________________________

CHRISTS SACRIFICE IS SUPERIOR, CHS. 9:110:18.


In this section the author reviews the Old Testament Tabernacle
and contrasts it with the ministry of Christ in the Heavenly
Tabernacle.
9:7-8 Earthly priests could not go into the inner room except once
a year, and then not without blood. What was the significance of
this?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:9-10 What did this illustrate?


_________________________________________________________________________

9:11-12 How did Jesus enter the greater and more perfect
tabernacle?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:13-14 How is the effectiveness of Christs sacrifice compared to


that of animal sacrifices of the Old Covenant?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:15 What does Christ as mediator of the New Covenant mean?


_________________________________________________________________________

9:16-28 This passage describes the Old Testament rules regarding


the sacrifice of animals for sin. How does Jesus sacrifice of
Himself both relate to this, and distance itself from it?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

10:1-4 emphasizes that Christs sacrifice could not repeated, (as


were the animal sacrifices), but was once for all (10:10). See also
10:12,14.
10:15-18 What is the effect of this New Covenant on those who
receive it? _____________________________________________________________

158

10:19-25 Since we can enter the Heavenly Tabernacle through


Jesus, our Great High Priest, what four things are we to do?
vs. 22 __________________________________________________________________
vs. 23 __________________________________________________________________
vs. 24 __________________________________________________________________
vs. 25 __________________________________________________________________
Warning: Do not SIN DELIBERATELY, 10:26-31
10:26-27 What will happen if we deliberately keep on sinning
after we have received the knowledge of the truth?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

To deliberately sin is not the occasional slip or failure to walk as


a new person in Christ, but speaks more of a deliberate lifestyle of
sinning.
10:29 How are this persons actions here described?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

10:32-34 The author calls to remembrance what their lives were


like in the early days of their Christian experience.
10:35-36 He then urges to:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. The Practice of the Work in Christ, Chs. 11-13


PRACTICING THE WALK OF FAITH, CH. 11.
What is the main theme of Ch. 11?
_________________________________________________________________________

What is the definition of faith? (11:1)


_________________________________________________________________________

How was faith in these many examples demonstrated?


_________________________________________________________________________

159

How do you reconcile the earlier examples (11:4-35a) with what


happened to those in 11:35b-38?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

PRACTICING A DISCIPLINED CHRISTIAN LIFE, CH. 12.


12:1-3 What should be the effect of our contemplating these many
examples of men and women of faith?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Discipline can take the form of many hardships in life. How are
you to respond to them? Consider 12:7-13 in your answer.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

A final warning is found in 12:14-29.


How is this warning expressed in:
12:15 __________________________________________________________________
12:16 __________________________________________________________________
12:25 __________________________________________________________________
12:28-29 How then are we to live?
_________________________________________________________________________

CONCLUDING EXHORTATIONS, CH. 13.


13:1-9 Note those exhortations that most apply to your life.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

What additional exhortations are contained in:


13:15? __________________________________________________________________
13:17? __________________________________________________________________
13:16? __________________________________________________________________
13:18-25 The writers final personal comments.

160

Lesson 11

THE GENERAL LETTERS:


JAMES, 1, 2 PETER, 1, 2, 3 JOHN

JAMES:
Tests of Real Faith
Show me your faith apart from your works,
and I will show you my faith by my works.
James 2:18
Real faith show up
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

In Steadfastness in Trials, 1:2-27


In Concern for Others, 2:1-26
In Controlling Our Tongue, 3:1-12
In Using Godly Wisdom, 3:13-18
In Controlling our Passions, 4:1-12
In Business Dealings, 4:13-5:6
In Our Sufferings, 5:7-12
In Our Praying, 5:13-18

Author. Of the four James in the New Testament, only James the
brother of Jesus could reasonably have written this letter. At first
he was a skeptic (John 7:2-5), but later became a leader in the
Jerusalem church (Galatians 1:19; 2:9; Acts 15:13).
Recipients. James writes to the twelve tribes in the Dispersion, that
is, Jewish Christians who had been scattered by persecution (Acts
8:1), and who later traveled as far as Phoenicia, Cyprus and
Antioch (Acts 11:19).
Occasion for Writing. The author was encouraging these Jewish
believers to demonstrate the reality of their faith, even in the midst
of severe trials.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1
How does James connect God and Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________

161

What is the significance of this?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1. Faith shows up in Steadfastness in Trials, 1:2-27


1:2-4 How should we respond to trials in our lives? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:5 What is Gods promise when we need wisdom?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:6-8 What condition is attached to asking God for things?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:9-11 How can this truth promote fellowship in your church?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:12 How will this promise impact the way you handle trials?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:13-15 In times of temptation, whom should we blame?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:16-18 What great gift did God chose to give us?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:19-20 Why should we be slow to anger?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:21 What other values are we to deal with as Christians, and how
can we do this properly?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:22-25 What impact does the Word have on you as you read it?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:26 What is the correlation between our tongues and our faith?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:27
How does
circumstances.

this

statement

162

relate

to

your

present

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Faith Shows up in Concern for Others, 2:1-26


2:1-4 What does James here teach about discrimination?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:5 How does God care for the poor?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:8-11 What makes favoritism a violation of the law to love your


neighbor as yourself?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:13 What does God promise to those who do not show mercy?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:14-17 How do you respond to this question? Why?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:18-19 How can you show your faith, apart from your deeds?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:20-24 How did Abraham demonstrate his faith? (See Genesis 22)
_________________________________________________________________________

Interestingly, Paul also drew on Abraham in Romans Ch. 4, to


prove that people are justified by faith and not by works of the
Law. How can these two divergent viewpoints be reconciled?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Note: The Hebrew word emunah means both faith, and


faithfulness. Thus, Hab. 2:4 can be correctly translated: The just
shall live by faith and just as correctly translated: The just shall
live by faithfulness. In this same way, in the New Testament,
pistis means both faith, and faithfulness. When this is understood,
any supposed conflict between what Paul teaches in Rom. 4 and
elsewhere, and what James teaches, totally vanishes.
2:25 James then drives his point home by citing Rahab the harlot.
How did she demonstrate her faith?
2:26 James sums up this topic by saying that:

163

_________________________________________________________________________

3. Faith Shows up in Controlling Our Tongue, 3:1-12


3:1 Why will teachers of the Word be judged more strictly?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:2 How can the tongue keep the whole body in check?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:3-4 How is this truth then illustrated?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:5-8 What is the real source of evil words?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:9-12 What does the illustration in this passage mean?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4. Faith Shows up in Using Godly Wisdom, 3:13-18


3:13 How should wisdom demonstrate itself in your life?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:14-15 Where does this kind of wisdom come from?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:16 What is the end result of envy and selfish ambition?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:17 Why do you think James elevates purity above other listed
virtues?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5. Faith Shows up in the Controlling our Passions, 4:1-12


4:1-2 What basic problem is exposed in these two verses?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:3 What lesson is there here about prayer?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:4-5 What kind of adultery is referred to here? What is its result?


Cf. Jeremiah 3:1-10

164

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:6-10 How do we humble ourselves before God?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:11 How is slandering speaking against the law? (Cf. 2:8)


_________________________________________________________________________

6. Faith Shows up in Business Dealings, 4:13-5:6


4:13-15 How should we view future business plans?
_________________________________________________________________________

4:16 Why is boasting evil?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:17 How might this verse apply in the context of your own life?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:1-6 Why does James condemn these rich people?


_________________________________________________________________________

7. Faith Shows up in Our Sufferings, 5:7-12


5:7-9 Why does James urge us to be patient?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:10-11 How does the example of Job encourage you?


_________________________________________________________________________

8. Faith Shows up in Our Praying, 5:13-18


5:13-14 At what times should we pray?
_________________________________________________________________________

5:15 What is the key element in prayer?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:16 What is a related key requisite to answered prayer?


_________________________________________________________________________

165

Conclusion, 5:19-20
What is our responsibility in regard to a brother who wanders
from the truth?
_________________________________________________________________________

How can we implement this responsibility?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1 PETER:
Faith Stands Firm
I have written briefly to you, exhorting and declaring
that this is the true grace of God. Stand firm in it.
1 Peter 5:12
In this first letter, Peter writes of seven ways by which we are to
stand firm in faith.
1. Stand Firm with Confident Faith, 1:3-12
to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled and unfading, kept
in heaven for you, who by Gods power are being guarded through
faith (1:4-5)2.
2. Stand Firm with Purified Faith, 1:13-25
as he who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct
(1:15)
3. Stand Firm with Growing Faith, 2:1-12
Like newborn infants, long for the pure spiritual milk, that by it
you may grow up to salvation (2:2)
4. Stand Firm with Submissive Faith, 2:133:7
Be subject for the Lords sake, to every human institution (2:13)
5. Stand Firm with Zealous Faith, 3:84:11
In your hearts regard Christ the Lord as holy, always being
prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for
the hope that is in you (3:15)

166

6. Stand Firm with Suffering Faith, 4:12-19


do not be surprised at the fiery trial when it comes upon you to test
you (4:12)
7. Stand Firm with Humble Faith, 5:1-11
Clothe yourselves, all of you, with humility toward one another
(5:5)
Background to 1 Peter
AUTHOR. Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ (1:1) claims to be the
author of this letter. Throughout Church history Peter has been
recognized as the author. The very polished Greek of this letter
was produced with the help of Silas". The use of a writing
secretary was common practice in those days.
PLACE OF WRITING Peter wrote from Babylon (5:13), which
probably stood for Rome. Cf. Revelation 17:9-10.
RECIPIENTS. The elect exiles to whom he wrote (1:1) were
probably Jewish Christians who had been further scattered
following the persecution mentioned in Acts 8:1.
Questions for Study and Discussion
1:1-2 For what purpose has God saved us?
_________________________________________________________________________

1. Stand Firm with Confident Faith, 1:3-12


Why is there a need for a new birth"? Cf. John 3:3
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:4 How does this truth make you feel?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:5 What is it that enables us to be shielded by God's power"


until the coming of this salvation?
_________________________________________________________________________

This salvation will be revealed at the 2nd coming of Christ, an


event eagerly anticipated by the New Testament writers, and still
by many Christians living since then.

167

1:6 Between now and this ultimate salvation, Peter speaks of


suffering grief in all kinds of trials." How do you feel about
perhaps having to go through such trials as these?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:7 What is it that enables our faith to be proved genuine?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:8-9 What is it that shows that we are presently receiving the


goal of our faith?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:10-12 For who did the O.T. authors write when they predicted
the sufferings and following glory of Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Stand Firm with Purified Faith, 1:13-25


The New Testament consistently emphasizes that the Christian
faith is a faith that acts! It is not a hide-your-light-in-a-closet kind
of faith. Real Christianity walks its talk!
1:13 Where does that walk start?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:14-16 Where does it continue?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:17 What does it mean to "live your lives as strangers here in


reverent fear"?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:18-19 Why should we do this?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:22 What are the consequences of obeying the truth?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:23-25 What is the "seed" that gives us a new birth?


_________________________________________________________________________

168

3. Stand Firm with Growing Faith, 2:1-12


2:1 Consider instances of, deceit, hypocrisy, envy, or slander that
may have been in your life. How are you to deal with them?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:2 What will happen if you "crave "pure spiritual milk?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:4-6 Peter describes Christ as the living stone, and believers


like living stones. Together they form a spiritual house.
2:5 Not only are we part of that building of God, the Church, but
we are also a ________________________", because we offer spiritual
sacrifices to God through Jesus Christ. What "spiritual sacrifices"
might we offer to God? Cf. Rom. 12:1-2.
_________________________________________________________________________

2:7 To whom is this cornerstone precious?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:8 By way of contrast (quoting Isaac 8:14) Christ is: "a stone that
causes men to stumble". Why?
_________________________________________________________________________

Those who disobey are destined to stumble. It is cause and effect.


God does not cause them to disobey. They do that of their own
free will. But having disobeyed, they will stumble. It has been so
from the beginning of time. It was so with Adam and Eve in
Genesis Ch. 3. It was so with the children of Israel as they, of their
own free will, over and again they sinned. In so doing, they
proved that they were not really Gods chosen. Cf. Rom. 9:6.
2:9-10 How does Peter describe those who are His people?
_________________________________________________________________________

What is their response to Gods mercies?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:11-12 Describe the lifestyle that God expects of believers.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Relate this to your own life. Where do you need God's help to live
a more like Christ?

169

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4. Stand Firm with Submissive Faith, 2:133:7


SUBMISSION TO SECULAR AUTHORITIES, 2:13-17
2:13-14 To which authorities are we to submit?
_________________________________________________________________________

Examples of secular authorities are we to submit to are:


_________________________________________________________________________

2:15 How will this submission affect our witness to others?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:16 In the context of submission, explain?


_________________________________________________________________________

SUBMISSION TO MASTERS, 2:18-25.


What principle is behind this command and how might it apply in
your work situation?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:20-23 Peter reminds us we were called to suffering. Although


not a joyful thought, it is expedient that we understand this. Jesus
is the example of how we are to handle our suffering.
2:24-25 How will Jesus living in us affect the way we handle
persecution and suffering?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

SUBMISSION IN MARRIAGE, 3:1-7.


3:1-2 What will often be the result, if a believing wife submits to
an unbelieving husband?
_________________________________________________________________________

What in this verse tells us that you do not need to "preach" to him?
_________________________________________________________________________

What is it that will make a difference, and win him to Christ?


_________________________________________________________________________

170

3:3-6 What is the beauty women should be adorned with?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

For a potentially lively discussion, talk with your spouse about


whether this command is relevant for today, and why.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:7 Now for husbands. (Men, you are not off the hook!) How will
you implement the two admonitions in this verse? Be specific, and
talk with your wife about how she would like you to put this into
practice.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

How will this kind of marital living affect our prayers?


_________________________________________________________________________

5. Stand Firm with Zealous Faith, 3:84:11


3:8-12 In your own words, describe the Christian life-style that
God urges on each of us.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

MEMORIZE 3:10-12! As you do, allow each phrase to impact and


change you.
3:13-14 What attitude should we have as we face suffering.
_________________________________________________________________________

3:15 How can you further prepare to "give an answer" to those


who ask you why you are trusting your life to Christ.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:15-16 How should this witness be carried out?


_________________________________________________________________________

171

3:17-18 Why is it "better" to suffer for doing good than for doing
evil?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:19-22 This parenthetical passage is difficult to understand. Note


however the following points:
1. Christ, after his death and before his resurrection, went to the
place of the dead and preached to them, possibly giving them the
opportunity to repent and to believe in him.
2. The Flood in Noah's time is an illustration of baptism. He
makes it clear that the physical act of baptism does not save (3:21),
but rather, the "pledge" of a good conscience. The person who
baptized me asked: "Is it your desire to live for Christ the rest of
your life?" After my affirmative answer, he agreed to baptize me.
3. That we are saved "through the resurrection of Jesus Christ" (3:21).
That is, it is Christ's death on the Cross and his subsequent
resurrection that provisionally provides salvation for all men.
Each person however, must commit his or her life to Christ, I
order for that salvation to be effective.
Have you made this commitment? Share your experience.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:1 What is Peter saying here? The "therefore" in 4:1 relates to 3:18.
Compare Romans 6:1-4.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:2 What then is the practical outworking of this fact?


_________________________________________________________________________

4:3-4 How does this relate to some of your own experiences?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:5-6 Peter speaks of the day of judgment, and (as in 3:19) speaks
of Christ preaching in hades immediately after His crucifixion.
Although not the only possible interpretation of this passage, it is
reasonable that Christ would offer the good news of salvation to
all who had died before He came.
Peter, along with the other apostles, believed that the return of
Christ would be soon. (Compare Romans 13:12; Philippines 4:5;

172

James 5:8; 1 John 2:18 and Revelation 1:3.) While these passages
are capable of several interpretations, the New Testament writers
viewed the first coming of Christ as the climax of all of history. It
was "the fullness of time" (Galatians 4:4). God's redemptive plan
was now complete. Thus the next major event in history is the
return of Christ. That can occur at any time.
4:7-11 In the light of this fact, how are we now to live?
In regard to prayer:
_________________________________________________________________________

In regard to Christian love:


_________________________________________________________________________

In regard to hospitality:
_________________________________________________________________________

In regard to the use of your gifts:


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

6. Stand Firm with Suffering Faith, 4:12-19


Compare your attitude and experience in suffering with what this
passage teaches.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

While we in this country are not presently experiencing


persecution, we need to know the Bible teaching about it, and be
prepared to endure any trial for the sake of Christ.
7. Stand Firm with Humble Faith, 5:1-11
5:1-4 What are several ways that church elders are to serve?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:5 How are young men to relate to them?


_________________________________________________________________________

5:5b-6 And how are all Christians to relate to one another?


_________________________________________________________________________

173

MEMORIZE 1 Peter 5:7! We need this truth on a daily basis, and


especially if God allows persecution to come upon us.
5:8-9 As we face the possibility of the devil's working, OUR
responsibility is to:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:10-11 is Peter's benediction. He had experienced so much of


God's grace himself, and now he gladly shared this blessed truth
with his readers.
Conclusion, 5:12-14
Silas was Peter's writing secretary. Thus Silas was able to put this
writing into a more polished Greek than the rough fisherman from
Galilee was capable of doing. 2 Peter reflects Peter's own ability,
without the aid of a secretary, called an amanuensis.

2 PETER:
Living Out Faith in a Hostile World
His divine power has granted to us all things
that pertain to life and godliness, through the knowledge of him who
called us to his own glory and excellence.
2 Peter 1:3
Peter writes this second letter36 to those who have obtained a faith of
equal standing with ours(1:1) and probably equivalent those
addressed in 1 Peter 1:1. He writes as his life is near its end (1:14),
probably from a prison cell in Rome.
This letter contains two main thoughts:
1. Keys to Living in the Faith, Ch. 1
His divine power has granted to us all things that pertain to life
and godliness . . . for this reason, make every effort to supplement
your faith with . . . 1:3, 5.
2. Challenges to Living in the Faith, Ch. 2-3
36

The rather rough Greek of this letter is probably Peters own, as distinct from
the polished Greek of 1 Peter, where Silas helped him (1 Pe. 5:12).

174

There will be false teachers among you, 2:1


Knowing this first of all, that scoffers will come in the last days
with scoffing, following their own sinful desires. 3:3
Questions for Study and Discussion
1. Keys to Living in the Faith, Ch. 1
1:1-2 Our Christian experience relates to the meanings associated
with the expressions by the righteousness (1:1), and in the
knowledge (1:2). Expand on each of these two phrases.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:3 What is it that Gods divine power has given to us? Is this the
way you feel about your life? Why, or why not?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

What God has given us, by His divine power pertains to life
spiritual life through the new birth. He has also given us all things
that pertain to godlinesshow we are to live out the spiritual life
He has to given us.
1:4 What will be the result of our embracing His very great and
precious promises?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:5-7 Since this full spiritual provision has been made for us by
the Lord, Peter next tells us that we are to make every effort to
add to our faith certain qualities. What are these?
vs. 5 _____________________________________________________________________
vs. 6 _____________________________________________________________________
vs. 7 _____________________________________________________________________
1:8-9 What will be the result of doing this?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:10-11 What expression here (and in vs. 5) indicates that doing


this should be a high priority in your life?
_________________________________________________________________________

175

_________________________________________________________________________

1:12-15 What was Peters motivation for writing this way?


_________________________________________________________________________

What are some personal values you want to leave to your next
generation? How will you do this?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:19-21 What is it that is more sure(than that he had, along with


James and John heard Gods affirmation of his Son on the Mount
of Transfiguration)?
_________________________________________________________________________

What does it mean to pay attention to the word of the prophets?


_________________________________________________________________________

What is the basis for the inspiration37 of Scripture? (1:21)


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Challenges to Living in the Faith, Ch. 2-3


FALSE TEACHERS, CH. 2
2:1 Just as in the days of the Old Testament there were false
prophets, Peter says that there would also be false teachers in their
day (even as there are in the present time).
How can you identify these false teachers?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:2-3 What will be the effectiveness of these false teachers?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:4-8 While speaking of false teachers, Peter first mentions the


angels that sinned and their punishment; Gods judgment on the
world at the time of the flood (and how God saved Noah and his
37

Determining which Scriptures were inspired in the early Church was based
three criteria: 1) was it written by an Apostle, or authorized by an Apostle. 2) was
the content in agreement with other N.T. writings, and 3) was it accepted by the
churches as inspired.

176

family); and His judgment on Sodom and Gomorrah (and how


God delivered Lot and his family).
2:9 How does Peter apply these lessons from history to both
encourage and warn people living today?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:10 Compare this verse with what Peter taught earlier in 1:5-9.
How do you relate to this?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Peter then further elaborates what these false teachers are like, in
2:10-22.
2:10-12 What is their attitude toward God and His Kingdom?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:13-16 What is their moral and ethical life like?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:17-19
others?

How does he describe their methods for influencing

_________________________________________________________________________

2:20-21 These false teachers may have known Jesus Christ


personally at one time, yet because of their later rejection of Gods
truth, their state is now worse than before they knew the way of
righteousness.
2:22 How do the two illustrations help you understand this
passage?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

SCOFFERS, CH. 3
The New Testament writers view the end times, including the
return of Christ, as being imminent. If this was so then, His
coming and the end of the age is even more imminent in our day.
3:1-2 How does Peter relate the teachings of the prophets in the
Old Testament, and the teachings of the apostles in the New?
_________________________________________________________________________

177

What does this mean, on a practical level, for your life today?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:3-9 How does Peter respond to the scoffers who deny there
ever will be a return of Christ?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:10 Describe the end times, when the day of the Lord will
come.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:11-18 In the light of Christs return, name three things that


ought to occupy our attention:
Regarding purity of living, 3:11-14.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Regarding the authority of apostolic writings, 3:15-16.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Regarding false teachers, 3:17-18


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1 JOHN:
How to be Sure of Eternal Life
And this is the testimony that God gave us eternal life,
and this life is in his Son. Whoever has the Son has life;
whoever does not have the Son of God does not have life.
1 John 5:11-12

John gives three reasons for writing this letter: We are writing
these things so that our joy may be complete., 1:4; I am writing

178

these things to you so that you may not sin, 2:1; and I write
these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God that
you may know that you have eternal life, 5:13.
The third of these purposes is the focus of this epistle. In this
letter, John gives five bases for our hope of eternal life. These are:
1. If we keep his commandments.
And by this we know that we have come to know him, if we keep his
commandments, 2:3.
2. If we practice righteousness.
If you know that he is righteous, you may be sure that everyone
who practices righteousness has been born of him, 2:20.
3. If we love our fellow believers.
We know that we have passed out of death into life, because we love
the brothers. Whoever does not love abides in death, 3:14.
4. If the Spirit of God resides in us.
By this we know that we abide in him and he in us, because he has
given us of his Spirit, 4:13.
5. If we have received the Son of God as our Savior.
And this is the testimony that God gave us eternal life, and this life
is in his Son. Whoever has the Son has life; whoever does not have
the Son of God does not have life, 5:11-12.
We become Christians when we receive Jesus as Savior. But there
is more to it than thiswhich is Johns message.
Background to 1 John
AUTHORSHIP. Although the writer of 1 John is not stated, the
writing style bears striking similarities to that of the Gospel of
John. Both are written in a very simple Greek. Similar expressions
are found in both writings (compare 1 John 1:1 with John 1:1; 1
John 1:4 with John 16:24). Also, he claims to have known Jesus
Christ personally, (1:1-4). The early church fathers believed John
to be the author, including Irenaeus, Clement of Alexandria,
Tertullian, and Origen.
DATE. Internal evidence suggests that it was written late in the 1st
century, after the writing of the Gospel of John. This would place
it between 85 and 95.
RECIPIENTS. John ministered in Ephesus during the latter part of
the 1st century and before being exiled to the island of Patmos. 1

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John may have been written to this church, as well as to the other
churches in Asia Minor. (Rev. Chs. 2-3)
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-4
1:1 Compare that which was from the beginning with John 1:1
and Genesis 1:1.
_________________________________________________________________________

What indication is there in 1:1 that the author was well acquainted
with Jesus?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:2 Who is the eternal life?


_________________________________________________________________________

1:3-4 What is the basis of our fellowship as Christians?


_________________________________________________________________________

One purpose for writing this epistle is stated in 1:4. See 2:1, 2:26,
and 5:13 for additional purposes.
Walking in the Light, 1:5-10
1:5 John first defines God. He says that God is _________ and that in
Him is no _________________ at all. What kind of light is he talking
about?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:6 What does John then say about the person who walks in the
darkness?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:7 What will walking in Gods light look like in our lives?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:8-10 What will be the result of Gods forgiveness of our sins?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:1-2 On what basis can God forgive us of our sins?

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_________________________________________________________________________

This passage also tells us of Gods love, and provision for the sins
of the whole world. How does this truth relate to you?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

John says in 5:13 that he wrote so that we might know that we have
eternal life. He has given reasons for this assurance in the body of
this letter.
Reason #1: You Are Obeying His Commands, 2:1-28
2:3-5 It is not what we profess, but what we possess. It is not what
we say, but what we do that shows who we really are. See also
Colossians 3:1-10; James 2;14-19.
2:6 If we claim to live in Him, how will we walk?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:7-8 This command is old


Testament. Leviticus 19:18 says:
yourself. At the same time, it is
elevated it to the ultimate level
world (John 3:16).

(2:7), being found in the Old


you shall love your neighbor as
a new command because Jesus
when He gave His life for the

2:9-11 What is one clear evidence of obeying His commands?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:12-14 A few things can be noted about this passage. Having just
concluded rather severe statements about our salvation and how
we can know that we are really saved, he now wants to give his
readers some assurance in this regard. Second, the three groups of
people he addresses are at various spiritual stages, rather than at
physical ages. Finally, the double repetition is probably done for
emphasis.
In what ways do you identify with each of these three: a child, a
young person, and a parent?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In what areas do you see room for spiritual growth?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

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_________________________________________________________________________

2:15-17 The love that John has been speaking about is not a
worldly love. What, specifically, is in the world that so many love?
_________________________________________________________________________

What are the consequences of loving these things?


_________________________________________________________________________

How does John indicate that this love is not merely a feeling?
_________________________________________________________________________

Note. Our loving people as God does, is obviously a very different


kind of love than what John is speaking of here.
Warning About Antichrists, 2:18-27
2:18-19 John gives two evidences that these antichrists (anti
means against) are against Christ. What is the first of these?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:20-23 What is the second of these evidences?


_________________________________________________________________________

What these antichrists denied was that Jesus is the Christ and the
eternal Son38 of God.
Why is believing this truth vital to your salvation?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2:24-25 John says that believers have been anointed (2:20, 27),
which is the presence of the Holy Spirit. What is our responsibility
in this regard?
_________________________________________________________________________

2:26-27 In light of those who may seek to pull us away from faith
in Christ, what is the promised help of the Holy Spirit?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

38

Some even in Johns day could not imagine an incarnate deity, therefore rejected it.
These people were called Anti-Christ. The world today contains both religions and
secularists, who deny the true deity of Jesus Christ. John says that belief in Jesus as the Son
of God defines a Christian.

182

Reason #2: You Are Practicing Righteousness, 2:28-3:10


2:29 John begins this second evidence of being a true child of God
with the statement if you know that he is righteous. He presumes
they did know this, so continues, you may be sure that everyone who
_________________ righteousness has been born of him.
3:1 John exuberantly rejoices because God loves us so much that
He has made us His dear children! But the sobering reason the
world does not know us is:
_________________________________________________________________________

3:2 What does he then tell us about our future?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:3 What impact will this have on our behavior?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:4 All sin is lawlessness? What do you think this means?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:5-6 What if a professing Christian continues a life of sin?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Verse 6 should not be seen as an absolute never sins because


John spoke in 2:1-2 of Jesus as our advocate if we sin.
3:7 The heretics had evidently been telling them that sin was all
right. Instead, John says, the evidence of being righteous is to:
_________________________________________________________________________

3:8 He then states further, he who does what is sinful is:


_________________________________________________________________________

Further, that the reason the Son of God appeared was:


_________________________________________________________________________

3:9 Why will one who is born of God not continue to sin?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:10 Because of the new birth Gods very seed(His divine


nature) remains in the believer, enabling him to do right in

183

everyday living. Thus John concludes, whoever does not practice


righteousness what is right is not a child of God.
Reason #3: You Are Practicing Godly Love, 3:11-24a
The word here for love is not phileo, the word for brotherly love,
but rather agapao, the word for Gods kind of love. Agape love is
generated in our hearts by Gods Spirit. It is obvious that without
this love in our hearts, we are not children of God (3:10).
3:12-13 What can we expect from those who are not a part of
Gods family? Cf. Phil. 1:29
_________________________________________________________________________

3:14 We however know that we have passed from death to


life, because __________________________________________
3:16-18 What is the ultimate expression of love, and how does this
expression relate to your life?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

3:19-20 How can we reassure our heart in Gods presence?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:21-24
Describe both the promise, and the condition for
answered prayer.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Reason #4: The Holy Spirit is At Work in Your Life, 3:24b-4:21


This evidence is introduced in 3:24b, by this we know that he abides
in us: We know it by the Spirit whom he has given us.
4:1-3 Why does John immediately follow this wonderful truth by
giving us this warning?
_________________________________________________________________________

What is the distinguishing mark of the Spirit of God from every


spirit that is not from God?
_________________________________________________________________________

How will the Spirit within us help us identify that which is against
Christ? Compare 1 John 2:22-23.

184

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:4-6 How will we be able to overcome this anti-Christ influence?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:7-12 John again interjects the theme of love. See 2:7-11 and 3:1118. Tyndale, an ancient translator of the Bible comments, John
singeth his old song again. This time he speaks more intently,
saying that God is love. Then he reminds us that God
demonstrated His love by (4:9):
_________________________________________________________________________

4:11-12 As a consequence:
_________________________________________________________________________

4:13 John briefly returns to the theme of the indwelling Spirit as


proof that we are His children. It is by the Spirit that we are
enabled to acknowledge Jesus as the Son of God (4:15).
4:16 This enables us to
_________________________________________________________________________

What does this mean in your own life?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:16-21 In this passage John singeth his old song yet again. How
can you model 4:16b in your life?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:17-18 What are the long-term consequences of living out this


kind of love?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

4:19-22 What practical application of love does John give?


_________________________________________________________________________

What specific application does this have in your own life?

185

_________________________________________________________________________

Reason #5: You Believe that Jesus is the Christ, 5:1-12


5:1-5 John here reviews all that he has said heretofore, showing
how each of these evidences is linked to another.
5:6-8 Then he speaks of Jesus, who came by water (His baptism)
and blood (His death). John speaks in this way because of the
false religions that did not accept the deity of Jesus Christ. There
are three, he says in 5:7, that testify as to who He is. At His
baptism God spoke clearly about who Jesus is. During His
ministry the Spirit confirmed this, as Jesus performed many
miracles in the Spirits power. And in His death Jesus again
demonstrated that He is indeed, the unique Son of God.
The key issue then is, do you believe this testimony about who
Jesus is and what He did for you on the Cross? And secondly,
have you invited Him into your life to be your Savior and Leader?
Share your views and experience.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Concluding Remarks, 5:13-21.


5:13 The primary purpose John had for writing is:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:14-15 The relationship between this and prayer is:


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:16-17 Our responsibility to a brother who sins is:


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:18 The relationship between the believer and sin is:


_________________________________________________________________________

5:19-21 How should this motivate us?


_________________________________________________________________________

186

2 JOHN
I rejoiced greatly to find some of your children walking in the truth,
just as we were commanded by the Father.
2 John 4
In this brief letter John expresses great concern that believers may
fall away from the central truth of the Christian faith, the coming
of Jesus Christ in the flesh. An early heresy, known later as
Gnosticism, claimed that Jesus only appeared to be human, or
only appeared to be divine, but not both.
In this brief letter John writes to the elect lady. Written during a
time of increasing persecution of Christians, this was likely a code
name for a local church, though it might have been an actual
person. In either case, her children would be members of the
congregation.
John identifies himself as The elder. This too was a disguise.
Roman authorities, hostile to the faith, were thus prevented from
knowing either the author, or the recipients.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-3
In this hostile environment, both politically and doctrinally, John
is concerned (v. 1) with __________________________.
1:3 Relate the order of the words grace, mercy and peace to
your own Christian life.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

A Warning About False Teaching, 4-11


4-6 John is concerned that their children, i.e. church members,
walk in obedience to Gods commands. That is, that they should:
_________________________________________________________________________

He then identifies the deceivers as being those who:


_________________________________________________________________________

187

A common belief in those days was that Jesus was merely a


human being. The Spirit, it was claimed, came upon Christ at His
baptism, but left Him just prior to His death of the Cross. This
teaching was, John asserts, pure heresy.
8-9 What is the essence of this warning?
_________________________________________________________________________

10-11 What is our responsibility toward such teachers?


_________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion, 12-13
It may be that John was already on the island of Patmos (see
Revelation 1:9), or at some other secure location. In any event, he
planned to visit them soon, when he would be able to talk face to
face.

3 JOHN
Beloved, I pray that all may go well with you
and that you may be in good health,
as it goes well with your soul.
3 John 2
Background to 3 John
THE WRITER. This letter too, was written in an entirely
camouflaged manner. He identifies himself simply as the elder.
The churches both where John was, and where Gaius was, are
identified simply as the friends.
Keep this biblical model in mind if the day should come when you and
your church experience serious persecution,.
TO WHOM WRITTEN. Gaius was a common Roman name. He may
have been the pastor of this church.
DATE OF WRITING. Third John was probably written around the
same time as 2nd John, that is, between 85 and 95.
Questions for Study and Discussion
1-4 In this letter too, John is concerned about your truth. As we
have seen before in Johns writings, the truth concerns:
_________________________________________________________________________

188

_________________________________________________________________________

5-8 Whereas in 2 John, John urged the elect lady to reject the
false teachers who come by, in 3 John he urges the church to:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

9-10 The mention of the word church was not dangerous


because in the Roman world this word39 (ekklesia in Greek) meant
assembly.
John has sent a letter (now lost) to the church, but was opposed by
Diotrephes. Describe the person and ministry of this man.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

11-12 In contrast to Diotrephes is Demetrius, who may have been


the bearer of this brief letter. What does it mean to be
commended by the truth itself?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion, 1:13-15
John could have written much more, but he wanted rather, to
communicate with them face to face.

JUDE:
Contending for the Faith
Beloved, although I was very eager to write to you
about our common salvation, I found it necessary to write appealing to
you to contend for the faith
that was once for all delivered to the saints.
Jude vs. 3
This letter confronts the twin evils of corrupt morals, and false
teaching about the Lord Jesus Christ.

39

See Acts 19:32, 39, 41 where this Greek word is used of a secular gathering.

189

Outline of the Book


1. Their Sins, vs. 4-10.
2. Their Judgment, vs. 11-19
3. The Application vs. 20-25
Background to Jude
AUTHOR. The author identifies himself as Jude in 1:1. The name
was very common among the Jews, the Hebrew form was Judah,
and the Greek form was Judas. The person who wrote this letter
was either 1) Jude the Apostle, or 2) Jude the brother of Jesus.
Since this Jude makes no claim to being an Apostle (see v. 17), it
seems likely that he was a brother of Jesus.
PURPOSE FOR WRITING. Judes great concern is that believers under
his care contend for the faith that was once for all delivered to the
saints (vs. 3). This was necessary because certain people had
crept in to the church, who pervert the grace of our God into
sensuality and deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ (vs. 4).
RECIPIENTS. Jude writes to those who are called, hence they could
be both Jewish and Gentile believers.
Questions for Study and Discussion
1:1 To whom was this letter written?
_________________________________________________________________________

There is a reference here to the triune God. We are loved by the


Father, kept by the Son, and called through the Spirit.
1:2 Notice the progression of terms, mercy, peace, and love Of
what significance is this word progression?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Jude hoped to write an letter of encouragement. Instead, he found


he found it necessary to urge them to contend for the faith.
1:3 What phrase in indicates that the truth of the Christian faith
does not change?
_________________________________________________________________________

How does he describe the men who had slipped in among them?
_________________________________________________________________________

190

1. Their Sins, Vs. 4-10.


1:4 What did they teach40 about grace?
_________________________________________________________________________

What did they teach about Christ:


_________________________________________________________________________

1:5-7 What examples does Jude give, showing how God will deal
with such evil in the lives of others?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:8 In the same way these dreamers were doing three things:
How had they polluted their bodies?
_________________________________________________________________________

What authority had they rejected?


_________________________________________________________________________

They also slandered glorious ones, i.e., angels. The Jews thought
highly of angels, and saw them, among other things, as guardians
of the Law. It is not surprising then, that these godless men would
slander the messenger of Law that condemned their actions.
1:9 How did the archangel Michael respond to the devil?
_________________________________________________________________________

In this verse Jude makes use of an apocryphal writing called The


Assumption of Moses. Biblical writers occasionally referred to
non-inspired writings. For other examples see Acts 17:28; 1
Corinthians 15:33 and Titus 1:12.
2. Their Judgment, V. 11-19
1:10 What causes people even today to respond as did these
people?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:11 Jude then refers back to biblical examples of this.


1:12 These men, without conscience. not only live their wicked
lives in the world, but where else do they carry on their polluting
influence?
_________________________________________________________________________

40

Note Romans 6:1 where Paul spoke of this same error.

191

They are called shepherds, yet whom do they care for?


_________________________________________________________________________

12b-13 How does Jude here describe them?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:14 This verse is taken from the book of Enochwhich was a


well-respected but non-canonical bookto emphasize Gods
judgment on this wicked people.
1:16 How should we response to people like those described
here?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:19 What was the impact of these men on the church?


_________________________________________________________________________

3. The Application V. 20-25


1:20 How are we to respond to such evil people, in our day?
_________________________________________________________________________

1:22 How can we minister to them without becoming corrupted


ourselves? _____________________________________________________________
1:24-25 How do these verses encourage you?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

192

12 Lesson

THE REVELATION:
The Revelation of and by Jesus Christ
The revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave him
to show to his servants the things that must soon take place.
Revelation 1:1
Outline of the Book of Revelation
Introduction, 1:1-8
The revelation of Jesus Christ means it is a revelation of who
he is (Ch. 1), as well as of what he reveals (Chs. 222).
1. The Things That You Have Seen, Ch. 1
What John saw, was Jesus Christ in his glorified state in
heaven, 1:9-20
2. The Things That Are, Chs. 23
The things that are at that time, were seven Churches in
Asia Minor, to whom this book is addressed. He knows
everything that is going on in these churches, both good, and
bad.
3. The Things That Will Take Place, Chs. 422
Notice 4:1, where the Lord Jesus says to John, Come up here,
and I will show you what must take place after this. What are
these things?
GOD ON HIS THRONE IN HEAVEN, CH. 45.
In heaven, John first sees God on His Throne, where he is
preparing to judge the world by Jesus Christ, who died for the sins
of the world, 5:9-10.
THE SEVEN SEALS, 6:1-17
The first four of these seals pictures judgment on the earth, while
the 5th seal represents Christian martyrs. The 6th seal tells the
response of unbelievers who have rejected God and his son Jesus,
6:16.
The 144,000 are representative of believers from the Old
Testament period, 7:4.

193

Next comes a great multitude, representing believers from


every nation, 7:9, who have come out of the great tribulation
(7:14) and are now worshiping around the throne of God and the
Lamb (Jesus).
The Lamb now opens the 7th seal, revealing
THE SEVEN TRUMPETS, CH. 811
These seven trumpets further express judgment on the earth. They
reveal Gods wrath, and are administered by Jesus, because of
their rejection of Gods Son Jesus. Man must pay for his own sin,
unless he personally trusts Christ for his sin.
These judgments are part of the fierce and final judgments on the
world and mankind.
Notice the response of people to these horrific days, 9:6, 20-21.
While they will seek death, they will not seek God! Nor will they
repent.
We are told: in the days of the trumpet call to be sounded by the
seventh angel, the mystery of God would be fulfilled, just as he
announced to his servants the prophets. (10:7) And so it is, that when
the seventh angel blows his trumpet, it is announced: the kingdom
of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and
he shall reign forever and ever. (11:15)
THE WOMAN AND THE DRAGON, CH. 12
Here we have a picture of the birth of Jesus (12:5), and the efforts
of Satan to thwart his entry into the world. This is followed by the
rage of the dragon (Satan) at not being able to accomplish this.
THE TWO BEASTS, CH. 13.
John sees two very evil beasts that, together with the dragon, form
an unholy trinity, whose goal is to deceive those who dwell on
the earth, and persecute believers. The word to the Christian in
such times is: Here is a call for the endurance and faith of the saints.
(13:10)
THE LAMB AND THE 144,000, 14:1-5
In the midst of such horrific times, is interjected a vision of
144,000, who are called first fruits for God and the Lamb.
THE THREE ANGELS, 14:6-13.
The message of these three angels is an eternal gospelgood news
for all the earth. The message is to fear God and give him glory,
because the hour of his judgment has come (14:7). So even yet God
extends his offer of mercy to those who have so consistently
rejected him.

194

And here too, a critical message for believers, in v. 12-13.


THE HARVEST OF THE EARTH, 14:14-20.
This offer of mercy is followed by the harvest of the earth which
is now fully riperipe for Gods judgment.
SEVEN ANGELS WITH THE SEVEN LAST PLAGUES, 15:116:21
These seven plagues show the fullness and completion of Gods
righteous judgment on the earth. But even here, are the saints
from the old covenant, and from the new, who are singing the
song of Moses and the song of the Lamb, 15:3.
THE WOMAN41 ON THE BEAST, CH. 17.
Gods final judgment is here focused on the great prostitute, who
sits on (i.e. has control over) a monstrous beast. Here is
pictured the governments of this worlds wicked systems.
These systems, because they are committed to doing evil, will
make war on the Lamb, and the Lamb will conquer them, for he is Lord of
lords, and King of kings, and those with him are called and chosen and
faithful. (17:14)
THE FALL BABYLON, CH. 18.
This great city, identified as Babylon, represents the political
power and authority of the Roman empire. Great rejoicing in
heaven (19:1-5) follows its fall.
The marriage supper of the lamb is then described in 19:6-10, for
which an invitation is needed (19:9). See Matthew 22:1-14.
THE RIDER ON THE WHITE HORSE AND THE GREAT BATTLE, 19:1121.
This rider is the Lord Jesus, who has come to judge the world.
Compare John 5:27.
THE THOUSAND YEARS, 20:1-6.
Ch. 20 introduces a 1,000 year period (whether literal or no),
wherein Satan is bound, believers are resurrected (see John 5:29)
and reign with Christ.
SATANS LAST BATTLE, 20:7-10.
This is followed by the release of Satan, his final attempt to
deceive the nations, and his being thrown into hell.

41

This woman is identified in 17:18. In Johns day that meant Rome.

195

JUDGING THE DEAD, 20:11-15.


Once Satan is judged, all unbelievers are resurrected and face the
great While Throne of Gods judgment, where they are judged
according to what they had done in life.
THE NEW HEAVEN AND NEW EARTH, 21:1-22:6.
The final vision in this book is of the New Jerusalem, which is
the symbol for all of Gods people, both from the Old Testament
era,(vs. 12) and from the New (vs. 14).
JESUS IS COMING SOON, 22:7-21.
While the world is a beastly place, as Paul says, all who desire to
live a godly life in Christ Jesus will be persecuted (2 Ti. 3:12). Our
task: be faithful; know that God has a plan. And after all, life in
this world is short, while eternity is forever.
What follows are study and discussions questions covering the
entire book of Revelation. They can help you lead your own Bible
study and discussion group.
Questions for Study and Discussion
Introduction, 1:1-8
1:1-3 This prophecy was made known by an angel. This word
used means signified, which helps identify this book as book of
symbolic prophecy.
John then gives a blessing to those people who both:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:4, 11 Locate the seven churches to whom John wrote on a Bible


map of Asia Minor.
1:5 What aspects of the ministry of Christ are seen in this verse?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:6 In what sense are we a kingdom and priests?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1. The Things That You Have Seen, Ch. 1:9-20


What John saw, was a vision of the glorified Christ.

196

1:9 What were the circumstances of these Christians?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:10-16 Who was it that told John to write to the seven churches?
_________________________________________________________________________

Pick at least one aspect of this description and share your thoughts
about what it symbolizes.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

1:19 This verse is a key one to understanding the whole of this


book and may provided an outline for the book as whole.
What was it that John had just seen in Ch. 1?
_________________________________________________________________________

What is now probably includes the churches to whom he writes,


in Ch. 2 and 3.
The balance of the book, Chs. 4-22, related to those things that
will take place later.
2. The Things That Are, Chs. 23
In these two chapters are Johns messages to seven churches in the
Asia Minor region. When you found these churches on a Bible
map, you noticed they were relatively close to one another, with
Ephesus near the center. Probably they were begun as a result of
Pauls ministry in Ephesus and, through his disciples, to these
outlying areas. See Acts 19:8-10.
Each message suits the condition of that church.
2:1-7 To the church in Ephesus.
What does it mean to forsake your first love?
_________________________________________________________________________

What reward will there be to him who overcomes?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:8-11 To the church in Smyrna. Why were they not to fear what
you are about to suffer?
_________________________________________________________________________

What reward will there be to him who overcomes?

197

_________________________________________________________________________

2:12-17 To the church in Pergamum.


What encouragement is given to this church?
_________________________________________________________________________

What reward will there be to him who overcomes?


_________________________________________________________________________

2:18-29 To the church in Thyatira.


How does 2:23 apply to churches in our day?
_________________________________________________________________________

What reward will there be to him who overcomes?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:1-6 To the church in Sardis.


What was the basic problem in the church at Sardis?
_________________________________________________________________________

What reward will there be to him who overcomes?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:7-13 To the church in Philadelphia.


What special promise is given to this church?
_________________________________________________________________________

What reward will there be to him who overcomes?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:14-22 To the church in Laodicea.


3:15 How does this church picture some churches today?
_________________________________________________________________________

3:19 What encouragement does this give you?


_________________________________________________________________________

3:20 What does this mean?


_________________________________________________________________________

For whom is this promise?


_________________________________________________________________________

198

3. The Things That Will Take Place, Chs. 422


GOD ON HIS THRONE IN HEAVEN, CH. 45.
4:1 From Johns perspective, the focus is now on the future: Come
up here, and I will show you what must take place after this. (Cf. 1:19).
4:6-8 In regard to the four living creatures, consider the ancient
rabbinic saying: the mightiest among the birds is the eagle, the
mightiest among the domestic animals is the bull, the mightiest
among the beasts is the lion, and the mightiest among all is man.
4:2-11 What is the primary activity going on here?
_________________________________________________________________________

The twenty four elders may represent the 12 tribes of Judah and
the 12 Apostles. It may thus indicate the essential oneness of Gods
people of faith from both the Old and the New Testaments.
Who sits on the throne in Ch. 5? __________________________________
Why is He worthy of your worship?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Chapters 4 & 5 speak of what is up here, i.e. in heaven. Here


both God (Ch. 4) and Jesus (Ch. 5) are seated on the same throne.
The full deity, and full humanity of Jesus is strongly affirmed by
John: in Revelation, in John, and in 1 John. Two heresies made this
strong affirmation of Christs deity important: 1), that Jesus was
not really God. It was said that the Spirit only came on Him at His
baptism and then left Him to die as a man (Gnosticism). Or 2), He
was pure Spirit and not really a man at all (Docetism).
In your view, why is it important to affirm Jesus deity?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

5:5-14 Why was the Lamb the only one worthy to open the
scroll that was sealed with seven seals?
_________________________________________________________________________

Consider John 5:22: The Father . . . has entrusted all judgment to


the Son.
THE SEVEN SEALS, 6:1-17
6:1-2 The First Seal. The white horse rode out to:
_________________________________________________________________________

199

6:3-4 The Second Seal. The fiery red horse was given power to:
_________________________________________________________________________

6:5-6 The Third Seal. The black horse seems to indicate famine,
which would be the natural outcome of what occurs in 6:1-4.
6:7-8 The Forth Seal. The pale horse represents:
_________________________________________________________________________

Even though death and Hades are a part of this scene, who
ultimately controls Death and Hades? See also Revelation 1:18.
_________________________________________________________________________

6:9-11 The Fifth Seal. The opening of this seal reveals the souls of
those who had been martyred for the sake of Christ. What answer
did God give in response to their question?
_________________________________________________________________________

6:12-17 The Sixth Seal. Verses 12-14 indicates the end of the
physical earth as we know it.
6:15-17 Why will the people on earth want the mountains and the
rocks to fall on them?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

In contrast to this response by unbelievers, is that of two groups of


believers in Ch. 7.
7:1-8 First are the 144,000, 12,000 from each of the twelve tribes of
Israel.
Compare Gods message to Elijah during another period of great
spiritual darkness, when God affirmed, I reserve seven thousand
in Israelall whose knees have not bowed down to Baal (1 Kings
19:18).
7:14 There next appeared a great multitude that no one could
count, from every nation, tribe, people and language. When
asked where they had come from, John was told:
_________________________________________________________________________

Christians were being persecuted and killed for their faith in


Johns day, and have been through the centuries since, even to our
own day.

200

THE SEVEN TRUMPETS, CH. 8-11


Ch. 8 The Seventh Seal. The seventh seal reveals a seven-part
fulfillment, announced by angels using seven trumpets. Trumpets
in Scripture are used at times of Gods special intervention. See
Exodus 19:16; Isaiah 27:13; Matthew 24:31 and 1 Corinthians 15:52
8:1-5 Why might the opening of the seventh seal have brought
silence in heaven?
_________________________________________________________________________

8:6-7 What was the impact of the first angels sounded trumpet?
_________________________________________________________________________

8:8 What part of the earth was destroyed by the second angel?
_________________________________________________________________________

8:10-11 How did the third angel impact the earth?


_________________________________________________________________________

8:12 What was the result of the forth angels ministry?


_________________________________________________________________________

8:13 To emphasize the intensity of that which was still to come,


the angel said:
_________________________________________________________________________

9:1-11 The fifth angel sounded his trumpet, bringing with it the
first of these awful woes.
9:1 A star fell from heaven. Probably this was an angel, but
there are widely ranging views about who this personage might
be.
9:2-5 Briefly describe the suffering inflicted on mankind.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

9:6 What will their response be, and what does this indicate?
_________________________________________________________________________

9:11 Abaddon and Apollyon mean destroyer.


9:12-21 The sixth angel brings the second of these woes.
What was the result of this woe?
_________________________________________________________________________

201

9:20-21 What does their response tell us?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

10:1-4 This was followed by another mighty angel, who held a


little scroll.
What did the angel say when John was about to write down this
vision?
_________________________________________________________________________

This indicates that some end-times events are intentionally kept


unknown until the time of their fulfillment.
10:5-6 By the angel planting his feet on the land and the sea (v. 2),
it is indicated that:
_________________________________________________________________________

10:8-10 What happened when John ate the scroll?


What do you think this indicated?
_________________________________________________________________________

10:11 What was John then told about the scope of the rest of the
prophecies in this book?
_________________________________________________________________________

THE TWO WITNESSES, CH. 11


Immediately prior to the sounding of the seventh trumpet is the
account of two witnesses.
11:4 How does John describe these two witnesses?
_________________________________________________________________________

The olive tree speaks of Gods blessings in Psalm 52:8 and


Jeremiah 11:16. The lampstands were identified as churches in
1:20.
11:6 Performing miracles like Moses and Elijah, they may be
Gods final supernatural witnesses immediately prior to Christs
return.
11:7-10 In what circumstances does their life end?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

11:11-12 What happens next?

202

_________________________________________________________________________

11:13 What is the impact of Gods final judgment?


_________________________________________________________________________

11:14-19 The seventh angels trumpet and third woe. With this
final trumpet the kingdom of God is ushered in.
11:14 Why is this seventh trumpet a woe?
_________________________________________________________________________

For what kind of people is this time not a woe?


_________________________________________________________________________

Chapter 11, verse 19 is an introduction to Ch. 12. The mention of


the ark of the covenant ties Gods workings in the Old Testament,
with His working in the New (See Hebrews Ch. 9.)
THE WOMAN AND THE DRAGON, CH. 12
Chapter 12 is about a woman, clothed with the sun, with the
moon under her feet and a crown of twelve stars on her head.
12:5 This woman gives birth to
_________________________________________________________________________

It is quite clear that this woman is a symbol for Gods chosen


people Israel. John here reveals the spiritual forces that were
behind the attempts on Jesus life at the time of His birth.
12:9 How is the dragon identified?
_________________________________________________________________________

12:10-12 How would this account give comfort to the people of


God who suffer persecution?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

12:17 Who are the rest of her offspring to whom the devil next
directs his anger?
_________________________________________________________________________

THE TWO BEASTS, 13:1-18.


The first beast is described in 13:1-10.
13:1-2 Where did he come from?
_________________________________________________________________________

203

In the ancient world the sea was often identified with evil.
Describe this beast.
_________________________________________________________________________

The source of his power is:


_________________________________________________________________________

13:3-4 What happened to this beast?


_________________________________________________________________________

What impact did this have on the people of the world?


_________________________________________________________________________

13:4b-5 How were people responding to the beast and the


dragon?
_________________________________________________________________________

13:6-7 How does this beast relate to God and to His children?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

13:8 Who will give worship to this beast?


_________________________________________________________________________

This first beast represents anti-God, anti-Christian political


powers. In Johns day this was doubtless Rome. In other times and
in other cultures Christians would identify the beast with other
political powers. The ultimate fulfillment of this is reserved for the
end times.
13:10 What application does John make from this vision in?
_________________________________________________________________________

The second beast out of the earth is described in 13:11-18.


13:11 This second beast has lambs horns, but how does he speak?
_________________________________________________________________________

13:12 How does he relate to the first beast?


_________________________________________________________________________

13:13-17 How does he impose his ways on mankind?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

204

13:18 John then ends this vision with a call for us to understand.
The clue he gives us is ______________________ .
Since the number 6 is widely seen as mans number, it may be that
John is indicating that this personage, although exercising
miraculous attributes, is really but a man.
THE LAMB AND THE 144,000, 14:1-5
In strong contrast to these two antichrist forces, is the Lamb
(Jesus).
14:1 Where is He standing, and with whom?
_________________________________________________________________________

In contrast to the beasts number 666, what names are written


on the foreheads of these people?
_________________________________________________________________________

These people are the same as the 144,000 Jewish believers in Ch. 7.
They are gathered around Mt. Zion42, thus Jewish, but it is not the
songs of Zion that they sing, rather it is:
_________________________________________________________________________

THE THREE ANGELS, 14:6-13.


14:6-7 Another angel makes it clear that the gospel (good news) of
God is for all time and for all people. In the midst of such great
evil, people throughout the world are called to:
_________________________________________________________________________

14:8 The second angel announces the end of Babylon the Great.
Babylon clearly alludes to corrupt secular power, of the kind
represented by the two beasts.
14:9-13 The third angel then warns that:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

14:12-13 What application of this prophecy does John make?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

42

Mount Zion is a hill near Jerusalem that is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament.

205

THE HARVEST OF THE EARTH, 14:14-20.


This passage depicts a time of Gods judgment on the earth. God
has given all judgment to ___________ _____________, John 5:22.
14:14-16 How will this harvest take place?
_________________________________________________________________________

14:17-20 What will happen to the harvested grapes of the earth?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

SEVEN ANGELS WITH THE SEVEN LAST PLAGUES, 15:1-16:21


15:1 Why are these called the last plagues?
_________________________________________________________________________

15:2 What kind of people are these?


_________________________________________________________________________

15:3-4 The fact that they were singing the song of Moses indicates
the Jewish roots of some, and the song of the Lamb, the spiritual
heritage of all.
15:5-6 The seven angels with the seven last plagues come from:
_________________________________________________________________________

John refers to the tabernacle of the Testimony in 15:5 because it


housed the tablets of stone on which were written the 10
Commandments. It is on the basis of these eternal and unchanging
laws that God judges all mankind.
The seven last plagues of Gods wrath are contained in seven
bowls, which now are to be poured out on the earth
16:2 The first bowl. To whom is this first plague directed?
_________________________________________________________________________

16:3 The second bowl. What was the effect of the second plague?
_________________________________________________________________________

16:4-7 The third bowl. According to the angels testimony, what


justifies these terrible judgments on mankind?
_________________________________________________________________________

16:8-9 The forth bowl,. How did mankind respond to this plague?
_________________________________________________________________________

206

16:10-11 The fifth bowl. Where is this plague directed?


_________________________________________________________________________

What should these people have done?


_________________________________________________________________________

16:12-16 The sixth bowl. What is the emphasis of the sixth plague?
_________________________________________________________________________

The three great powers on earth in that day are:


_________________________________________________________________________

What is their agenda?


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

16:15 What message does Jesus give to the readers of this book?
Compare 1 Thessalonians 5:2.
_________________________________________________________________________

16:17-21 The seventh bowl. How did people respond to this last
plague? What does this tell us about their hearts condition?
_________________________________________________________________________

THE WOMAN ON THE BEAST, CH. 17.


With this vision John comes closest to identifying the woman as
being the city of Rome in his day. Yet clearly he is here speaking of
the End events, and not just of first century circumstances.
John then identifies some aspects of this terrible vision.
17:3 The central part of the vision is about:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

17:5 The woman is identified as being: (Cf. 14:8)


_________________________________________________________________________

17:6 This woman was drunk with:


_________________________________________________________________________

17:8 The beast she rode on is identified as: (Cf. 13:1-10)


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

207

17:9-11 The beasts seven heads are identified as:


_________________________________________________________________________

17:12 The beasts ten horns are identified as:


_________________________________________________________________________

17:15 The waters on which the prostitute sits are identified as:
_________________________________________________________________________

17:16-18 In the end, the evil beast will hate the evil prostitute, and
bring her reign to an end. Her judgment will be at the hand of this
beast, but at whose command?
_________________________________________________________________________

THE FALL OF THE PROSTITUTE BABYLON, CH. 18.


That which was outlined in Ch. 17, is now developed in Ch. 18.
This prostitute Babylon can be identified as the ancient Roman
civilization; all evil kingdoms since; and especially the final evil
government at the time of the End.
18:4 What does Come out of her, my people actually mean?
_________________________________________________________________________

God will in that day bring down the last government, and He will
do it through the power of the evil beast!
THE GREAT REJOICING, 19:1-16.
The word hallelujah occurs four times in this chapter but
nowhere else in the New Testament. This word in Hebrew means
praise the Lord.
19:1-3 What reasons are given for praising the Lord?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

19:4-8 What further reasons are given for praising the Lord?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

The concept of the wedding of the Lamb has its roots in the Old
Testament (Isaiah 54:5 and Hosea 2:19), as well as in the New
(Matthew 22:2-13; Ephesians 5:31-32). It will occur when the bride
of Christ, the Church, will finally be united with Christ.

208

THE RIDER ON A WHITE HORSE: THE GREAT BATTLE, 19:11-21.


19:13, 16 First, identify this rider.
_________________________________________________________________________

19:14 Who are those riding with him?


_________________________________________________________________________

19:19 Who are those that oppose him?


_________________________________________________________________________

Describe the outcome of this battle.


_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

THE THOUSAND YEARS, 20:1-6.


Delineate the main features of this time in regard to:
Satan:
_________________________________________________________________________

Christian martyrs:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

SATANS LAST BATTLE, 20:7-10.


After the 1,000 years are complete and Satan is again released, he
will:
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Satans unrepentant and totally evil personage is then thrown into


the lake of fire and sulfur, that is, into hell.
JUDGING THE DEAD, 20:11-15.
20:12-13 On what basis will these dead be judged?
_________________________________________________________________________

20:15 On what other basis will they be judged?


_________________________________________________________________________

209

THE NEW HEAVEN AND NEW EARTH, 21:1-22:6.


The earth as we know it today is now gone. Those who belong to
God through Christ are now with Him in heaven. The rest, those
who in life made choices to follow the trinity of evilthe Beast,
the False Prophet, and Satan, are now with them in hell itself.
21:2 John pictures the new Jerusalem as a:
_________________________________________________________________________

It is in this place that God now dwells with His people, 21:3.
21:4 How will this verse comfort those readers suffering
persecution?
_________________________________________________________________________

21:6-8 How can you use the book of Revelation with nonChristians?
_________________________________________________________________________

21:9-27 The bride of Christ is now seen as the Holy City. It had 12
gates, on which were written:
_________________________________________________________________________

These gates symbolize that it is the keepers of the Old Covenant


who showed the way to the New Covenant. Romans Ch. 4 is a
superb example of this truth.
21:14 It had 12 foundations, and on them were written:
_________________________________________________________________________

The apostles preached Christ in His redemptive power, and


brought the Gospel to the lost world. Everything that the Church
represents is founded on the Teaching of the Apostles.
21:22 Why is a temple not needed in this Holy City?
_________________________________________________________________________

22:1-5 This picture image of heaven shows the water of life


coming down from the throne of God and of the Lamb. (Cf. John
4:10; 7:37-38) From its life-giving nourishment is the tree of life
on each side of the river, then bearing fruit monthly. Considering
Ephesians 2:8-10 and Galatians 5:22-23, state your ideas of what
this image means.
_________________________________________________________________________

210

CONCLUSION: 22:6-21
22:6 Soon take place means that Gods history as described in the
book is about to unfold.
22:7 How do we keep the words of the prophecy of this book?
_________________________________________________________________________

Compare 1:3, Blessed is the one who reads aloud the words of this
prophecy, and blessed are those who hear, and who keep what is written
in it, for the time is near
22:8-9 So awe-inspiring is this vision that John is again tempted to
fall down and worship the angel messenger, (cf. 19:10).
What do you learn about angels from these two verses?
_________________________________________________________________________

22:10 Why was John not to seal up the words of the prophecy of this
book?
_________________________________________________________________________

22:12-13 What will happen when Christ returns?


_________________________________________________________________________

22:18-19 John warns that all copies of this book must carefully
contain everything that John wrote, nothing added, and nothing
left out.
What does he promise will happen to those who make any
changes in it?
_________________________________________________________________________

22:14 What is the condition for having the right to the tree of life
and entering the city by the gates?
_________________________________________________________________________

22:17 What is the great concluding offer made here?


_________________________________________________________________________

Without price. But not without cost.


Thats the message of the Book of Revelation.

211

What Will You Do Now?


Having now completed this N.T. survey, you now have a
very good understanding of the New Testament, and its
many applications to your own life.
Whats next for you? God would be pleased if you led others
through this same study. You can become a facilitatorone
who brings helps others understand Gods word.
For the word of God is living and active,
sharper than any two-edged sword,
piercing to the division of soul and of spirit,
of joints and of marrow,
and discerning the thoughts and intentions
of the heart.
Hebrew 4:12

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