Informe de La Fao 2013

FAO STATISTICAL YEARBOOK
2013
World Food and Agriculture
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Rome, 2013
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any
opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal
or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its
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patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature
that are not mentioned.
The designations employed and the presentation of material in the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion
whatsoever on the part of FAO concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country, territory or sea area, or
concerning the delimitation of frontiers.
ISBN 978-92-5-107396-4
FAO 2013
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Foreword
Good statistics are needed to monitor the progress of development. The better the data, the
better policies can be designed to protect vulnerable populations. And, without good data,
it is impossible to evaluate or determine the impact of policies.
There are 867 million chronically undernourished people in the world today. Seventy percent
of the worlds food insecure live in rural areas, and 60 percent of the worlds population rely
on agriculture for their livelihoods. The need for quality data on agriculture and food security
is as pressing as ever.
Where do people live? Do they have access to land and water? How much formal schooling
or training do they receive? How much do countries invest in agricultural innovation? What
products do they export or import? How is agriculture affecting their forests, soils and
waterways?
Employing data from global statistical providers, including FAO, this publication presents
a visual synthesis of the major trends and factors shaping the global food and agricultural
landscape and their interplay with broader environmental, social and economic dimensions.
In doing so, it strives to serve as a unique reference point on world food and agriculture for
policy-makers, donor agencies, researchers and analysts as well as the general public.
The data cycle revolves around three key activities: building the capacity of countries to
improve their collection and use of data; collecting data in a timely and efficient manner;
and disseminating this information through meaningful products.
Based on key resources, such as FAO flagship publications and others, the FAO Statistical
Yearbook is the result of a global collaborative effort among countries, international organizations and resource partners. In addition to FAOs traditional domains forestry, fisheries,
agricultural production, trade, and resources this edition of the yearbook features two new
datasets: greenhouse gas emissions and investment.
This global yearbook is just one of the instruments used to disseminate information to a
wider public. Regional statistical yearbooks, which highlight major trends in a particular
area of the world, are also available. All of the data can be accessed electronically through
the FAOSTAT data platform.
FAO is deeply committed to helping countries strengthen their statistical systems as, for example, collect gender-disaggregated data. FAO and international partners are implementing
a Global Strategy to Improve Agricultural and Rural Statistics, to address weaknesses in basic
data and information availability in developing countries, as well as emerging data and information needs. This long-term project builds on three major pillars: producing a minimum
set of core data and determining national priorities; integrating agricultural statistics into
national statistical systems; and fostering the sustainability of agricultural statistics through
governance and statistical capacity development.
We will continue to support these three activities collection, dissemination and capacity building to improve agriculture and food security statistics, and to advance the fight
against hunger and poverty.
Jos Graziano da Silva

FAO Director-General
Acknowledgements
This book was prepared by the Statistics Division (ESS) of the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations in collaboration with staff at headquarters and in
the regional and decentralized offices. The work was carried out under the direction of
Pietro Gennari (Chief Statistician, FAO, and Director, ESS), Naman Keita (CountrySTAT
Manager, ESS) and Josef Schmidhuber (Principal Officer, ESS). The core team was made
up of Amy Heyman, Filippo Gheri and Michael Kao. Principal contributors were Nienke
Beintema (the International Food Policy Research Institute IFPRI), Andrea Borlizzi
(ESS), Chiara Brunelli (ESS), Carlo Cafiero (ESS), Cinzia Cerri (ESS), Rocio Condor-Golec
(Climate, Energy and Tenure Division NRC), Piero Conforti (ESS), Jacqueline Demeranville (Gender, Equity and Rural Employment Division ESW), Elisenda Estruch
(ESW), Alessandro Ferrara (NRC), Karen Frenken (Land and Water Division NRL), Nandini Gunewardena (ESW), Gary Jones (ESS), Arvydas Lebedys (Forest Economics, Policy
and Products Division FOE) , Erdgin Mane (ESS), Robert Mayo (ESS), Verena Nowak
(Nutrition Division ESN), Michael Rahija (IFPRI), Simone Rossi (NRC), Mirella Salvatore (NRC), Nadia Scialabba (Office of Assistant Director-General NRDD), Gert-Jan
Stads (IFPRI), Nathalie Troubat (ESS), Sachiko Tsuji (Statistics and Information Service
FIPS), Francesco Tubiello (NRC), Stefania Vannuccini (FIPS), Nathan Wanner (ESS) and
Firas Yassin (ESS). Special thanks also go to Andrea Alcibiade (ESS), Guido Barbaglia
(ESS), Kafkas Caprazli (Office for Communication, Partnerships and Advocacy OCP),
Giulia Cimino (ESS), Giancarlo De Pol, Giorgia DeSantis (ESS), James Edge (ESS), Carola Fabi (ESS), Amanda Gordon (ESS), Nicola Graziani (ESS), Fabio Grita (ESS), Michelle
Kendrick (ESA), Ana Moltedo (ESS), Gladys Moreno (ESS), Paul NGoma-Kimbatsa (ESS),
Adam Prakash (ESS), Nicholas Sakoff (ESS), Nicola Selleri (ESS), Jane Shaw, Mukesh
Srivastava (ESS), Sylvaine Thomas (ESS), and Boris Veytsman. Will Prince (World Bank)
also provided invaluable information.
How to use this book
The structure
The 2013 FAO Statistical Yearbook continues the process that began
with the 2012 edition. The book has been created from beginning to
end with the statistical software R and the typesetting language LATEX:
from data retrieval, to data processing, indicator construction, and
blueprint-ready pdf file for distribution. This technique has circumvented the traditional route of manual production, involving costly
software licences, significant labour costs and inefficiencies associated with a lack of integration.
The book is divided into four thematic parts, in an attempt to present
the full spectrum of issues relevant to the subject matter:
Part 1 The setting measures the state of the agricultural resource
base by assessing the supply of land, labour, capital and inputs,
and examining the pressure on the world food system stemming
from demographic and macroeconomic change.
Part 2 Hunger dimensions gauges the state of food insecurity and

malnutrition, measuring the multitude of dimensions that give
rise to hunger and shape undernourishment.
Part 3 Feeding the world evaluates the past and present productive
capacity of world agriculture, together with the role of trade in
meeting changing food, feed and other demands.
Part 4 Sustainability dimensions examines the sustainability of agriculture in the context of the pressure it exerts on the environment, including the interaction of agriculture with climate
change, and how it can provide ecosystem services through the
bio-based economy.
Several page spreads are used to present each thematic issue. Each
spread contains visualizations of the data in maps and charts, along
with text providing background to the salient issues and an assessment of current trends. Tables are provided at the end of each part. A
list of indicators used throughout the book and a section on concepts
and methods can be found in Part 5.
Country definitions and classification

Parts 1, 3 and 4 follow the M49 list from the United Nations Statistics Division. This can be found at geographical regions for statistical use (see Table: Country list or http://unstats.un.org/unsd/
methods/m49/m49regin.htm). Part 2 adapts the Millennium Development Goals country classification with the exception of the sections Poverty, Education and health and Natural and humanmade risks, which apply M49.
Developing regions, which are referred to throughout the book, consist of Africa, the Americas excluding Northern America, Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia excluding Japan, and Oceania excluding
Australia and New Zealand. Developed regions are Northern America,
Europe, Japan, Australia and New Zealand.
South Sudan declared independence on 9 July 2011. When available,
data for the Sudan and South Sudan are shown separately. In the tables, the Sudan (former) is also reported. Based on the data available,
the assessment presented in the map of the Sudan and South Sudan
reflects the situation up to 2011 of the Sudan (former).
Aggregations
Two types of aggregations are used in the book: sum and weighted
mean. Two restrictions are imposed when computing the aggregation: i) the sufficiency condition the aggregation is computed only
when sufficient countries have reported data, and the current threshold is set at 50 percent of the variable and the weighting variable,
if present; and ii) the comparability condition as aggregations are
usually computed over time, this condition is designed to ensure that
the number of countries is comparable over several years; under the
current restriction the number of countries may not vary by more than
15 over time.
Data presentation conventions

The cutoff date for the data is 31 December 2012.
When country data have not been reported for the reference year,
an asterisk (*) on the year label indicates that the value for the
most recent year available is shown. For example, 20082010*
means that the most recent value for the period from 2008 to
2010 is shown. When a growth rate is computed, the specified
interval always refers to available data.
A billion is 1 000 million.

A trillion is 1 000 billion.
A blank means that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be calculated because of missing data for the years shown.
In tables, 0 or 0.0 means zero or a number that is small enough

to round to zero at the displayed number of decimal places.
A ~ in the maps refers to the range specified in the class intervals.
CONTENTS
Foreword:
Acknowledgements:
How to use this book:
Part 1
The Setting:
Overview
Economy
Land and Water
Labour
Inputs
Capital and Investment
Innovation
Tables
Part 2
Hunger dimensions:
Number undernourished and their prevalence in the population

Anthropometric indicators
Poverty
Food Availability
Economic and physical access
Clean water and sanitation
Economic and political stability
Education and health
Natural and human-made risks
Tables
Part 3
Feeding the world:
Aggregate agriculture
Growth in crop production
Trends in the crop sector
Trends in the livestock sector
Trends in the fisheries sector
Trends in agricultural trade
Tables
Part 4
Sustainability dimensions:
Land and Forestry

Water
Biodiversity
Agri-environmental indicators
Organic farming
Bio-based economy
Climate change
Greenhouse gas emissions
Tables
Part 5
Metadata:
Country list
Concepts and Methods
Indicators
Acronyms
Bibliography
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287
288
List of Charts
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World rural and urban population (1960-2050) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agricultural population (1990 and 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Population ages 0-14 and 65+, share of total (2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Population density (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Change in life expectancy between 2000-2010 (with data available in 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Value added in agriculture, industry and services as shares of GDP (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, FDI and ODA as shares of GDP (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arable land per capita, top 20 countries (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arable land per capita, bottom 20 countries (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Land area (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agricultural area (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Irrigation potential, top 20 countries (2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total equipped area, top 20 countries (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Female employment in agriculture, share of female employment (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Labour force participation rate by gender, ages 15+ (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fertilizer consumption in nutrients per ha of arable land (2002 and 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fertilizer consumption in nutrients per ha of arable land (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Credit to agriculture, share of value added in agriculture, selected countries (2005 and 2010) . . . . . .
ODA received in agriculture, forestry and fishing sectors, share of total ODA (2001 and 2010) . . . . . . .
Share of components in capital stock (2007) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government expenditures in agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total public agricultural research expenditure, share of agricultural GDP, top 20 countries (2006-2010*)
Mobile cellular, broadband Internet and telephone line subscribers per 100 people (2010) . . . . . . . .
Undernourishment in the developing world (1990-1992 to 2010-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of people undernourished (1990-1992 and 2010-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are stunted and underweight, countries with highest
(2005-2011*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
People living on less than 2005 PPP $1.25 and $2 a day (1981-2005) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gini coefficient (1990-1992 and 2007-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average dietary supply adequacy (1990-1992 and 2007-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trend of the value of food production (1992-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Share of energy supply derived from cereals, roots and tubers (1990-1992 and 2007-2009) . . . . . . . .
Relative change in average protein supply (between 1990-1992 and 2007-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Relative change in average protein supply from animal origin (between 1990-1992 and 2007-2009) . .
Relative price of food by level of economic development (2000-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Relative price of food by region (2000-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percentage of population without reasonable access to improved water sources (2010) . . . . . . . . . .
Percentage of population without reasonable access to improved sanitation facilities (2010) . . . . . . .
Value of cereal imports over total merchandise exports (1990-1992 and 2007-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cereal import dependency ratio (1990-1992 and 2007-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Domestic food price volatility (1995-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita food production variability (1990-2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Domestic food price volatility by level of economic development (2000 and 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Domestic food price volatility by region (2000 and 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita food supply variability (1995-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Girls and boys enrolment in primary education (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total health expenditure, share of GDP (1995-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures - share of population affected (average 1990-2009) . . . . . . .
UNHCR total population of concern by type over time (2000-2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food supply in crops primary equivalent (2000-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Protein and fat supply in crops primary equivalent (2000-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Protein supply in crops primary equivalent (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fat supply in crops primary equivalent (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crops, gross per capita production (2004-2006 = 100) (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Growth in cereals production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita cereal production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita coarse grain production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita rice production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita wheat production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Per capita oil crop production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Per capita pulse production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita roots and tubers production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita sugar production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita fruit production, excluding melons (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita vegetable production, including melons (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stocks of cattle and buffaloes, and sheep and goats (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stocks of poultry birds (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stocks of cattle and buffaloes, and sheep and goats (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stocks of poultry birds (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Meat production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Meat production by type (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita meat production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita meat production (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Egg production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cheese production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Butter and ghee production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processed milk production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita capture fish production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita aquaculture fish production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State of the worlds fishery stocks (1974 and 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Composition of fish production (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Per capita fish food supply (1990-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports of fruit and vegetables, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports of vegetable oils, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Composition of global exports, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports of cereals, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports of oilseeds and sugar and honey, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports of livestock products and fish, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports of animal fats, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports of coffee, tea, cocoa and spices, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exports of beverages, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Annual growth rate in forest area (1990-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forest characteristics (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Production of selected forest products (1970-2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Production of selected forest products (1970-2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Top five exporters of forest products, 2011 ranking (2000 and 2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Top five importers of forest products, 2011 ranking (2000 and 2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Freshwater withdrawal by agricultural sector, shares of total, top 20 countries (2000-2010*) . . . . .
Freshwater withdrawal by industrial sector, shares of total, top 20 countries (2000-2010*) . . . . . .
Species threatened (2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Terrestrial protected areas, share of total land area (1990 and 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Livestock density per ha of agricultural land, cattle and buffaloes, sheep and goats (2009) . . . . . .
Agricultural land, share of total land area (1992-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions, top 20 countries (2005-2006*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions per worker, top 20 countries (2005-2006*) . . . . . . . . . .
Organic agriculture area (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organic agriculture, share of total agricultural area (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Area under bioenergy crops (2005-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biofuel production (1990-2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Share of food crop usage in world bio-based economy (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Global land-ocean temperature index (base period 1951-1980) (1880-2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Global land-ocean temperature index for three latitude bands (base period 1951-1981) (1880-2011)
Regional net emissions/removals from net forest conversion (1990, 2000 and 2010) . . . . . . . . . .
Regional greenhouse gas emissions from cultivated organic soils (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Global agricultural greenhouse gas emissions by sector (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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List of Maps
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World population annual growth (percent, 2000-2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

GNI per capita, current US$ (percent, 2010-2011*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Under-5 mortality rate (per 1 000 live births, 2010-2011*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agriculture, value added per worker annual growth (percent, 2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agriculture, value added as share of GDP (percent, 2008-2011*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cropland per capita (ha/cap, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Share of equipped area actually irrigated (percent, 2000-2012*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water resources per capita (m3 /yr/cap, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment in agriculture, share of total employment (percent, 2005-2010*) . . . . . . . . . . .
Children in employment, total (percentage of children ages 7-14, 2008-2010*) . . . . . . . . . . .
Pesticides per ha of arable land (kg/ha, 2005-2009*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agricultural tractors, total (tractors, 2000-2010*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FDI (inward flows) to agriculture (million US$, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Access to mobile cellular phone subscriptions annual growth (percent, 2000-2010) . . . . . . . .
Total public agricultural research expenditure, share of agricultural GDP (percent, 2006-2010*)
Map of hunger (% prevalence of undernourishment, 2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prevalence of food inadequacy (percent, 2012) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are stunted (percent, 2005-2011*) . . . . . . .
Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are underweight (percent, 2005-2011*) . . . .
Poverty gap at national poverty line (percent, 2005-2011*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line, share of population (percent, 2005-2011*) . .
Road density (per 100 km2 of land area, 2005-2009*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Share of paved roads over total roads (percent, 2005-2009*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Share of population without reasonable access to improved water sources (percent, 2010) . . .
Share of population without reasonable access to improved sanitation facilities (percent, 2010)
Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (index, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult female literacy rate, share of females ages 15 and above (percent, 2005-2010*) . . . . . .
Primary completion rate, total (percent, 2005-2010*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (share of population affected, average 1990-2009) . . .
UNHCR total population of concern (thousand people, 2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food supply in crops primary equivalent (kcal/cap/day, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crops, gross per capita production (2004-2006 = 100) (index, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food, gross per capita production (2004-2006 = 100) (index, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cereal producing countries (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coarse grain producing countries (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rice producing countries (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wheat producing countries (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil crop producing countries (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pulse producing countries (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Root and tuber producing countries (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sugar producing countries (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fruit producing countries, excluding melons (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vegetable producing countries, including melons (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stocks of cattle and buffaloes (million heads, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Meat producing countries (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Milk production (million tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Capture fish producing countries (thousand tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Aquaculture producing countries (thousand tonnes, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Geo-location of harvests by capture and aquaculture (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Import value (2004-2006 = 100) (index, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Major trade flows of wheat (US$, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Major trade flows of pig meat (US$, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Major trade flows of coffee (US$, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Global distribution of risks associated with main agricultural production systems . . . . . . . . .
Forest area as share of total land area (percent, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Roundwood production (thousand m3 , 2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total water withdrawal per capita (m3 /cap/year, 2000-2010*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Freshwater resources withdrawn by agriculture (share, 2000-2010*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Terrestrial protected areas (share of total land area, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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5
7
7
9
9
11
13
13
15
15
17
17
19
21
21
71
71
73
73
75
75
79
79
81
81
85
87
87
89
89
127
129
129
131
131
133
133
135
135
137
137
139
139
141
143
145
147
147
149
151
153
155
157
205
205
207
209
209
211
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
Marine protected areas (share of territorial waters, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per ha of arable area and permanent crops (kg/ha, 2009)
Organic agriculture area (ha, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Organic agriculture, share of total agricultural area (percent, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Biofuel production (kilotonnes of oil equivalent, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Surface temperature, anomaly versus 1951-1980 (degrees Celsius, 2012) . . . . . . . . . .
Share of population living in areas with elevation of 5 m or less (percent, 2000) . . . . . .
Total agricultural greenhouse gas emissions (gigagrams CO2 eq, 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . .
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211
213
215
215
217
219
219
221
List of Tables
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
Population and structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Demographic indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water resources and irrigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Labour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agricultural capital stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign direct investment and official development assistance
Government expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Innovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outcomes: Inadequate access to food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outcomes: Utilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Poverty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Determinants: Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Determinants: Physical and economic access . . . . . . . . . . .
Vulnerability/Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Population at risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Top cereal producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . . . . .
Top coarse grain producers and their productivity . . . . . . . .
Top rice producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Top wheat producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . . . . .
Top oilcrop producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . . . .
Top pulse producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . . . . .
Top root and tuber producers and their productivity . . . . . .
Top vegetable producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . .
Top sugar producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . . . . .
Top treenut producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . . . .
Top fruit producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Top citrus fruit producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . .
Top fibre crop producers and their productivity . . . . . . . . . .
Top jute and jute-like producers and their productivity . . . . .
Meat production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Egg, milk, and processed milk production . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fish production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Volume of total cereal trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Volumes of total oilseed trade and sugar and honey trade . . .
Volume of total meat and dairy products trade . . . . . . . . . .
Value of fish trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Land and forestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forestry production and trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Production of finished forestry products . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water withdrawal and pressure on renewable water resources
Species threatened and nationally protected areas . . . . . . .
Agri-environmental indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Renewable feedstocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agricultural emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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22
26
30
34
38
42
46
50
54
58
62
90
94
98
102
106
110
114
118
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
176
180
184
188
192
196
222
226
230
234
238
242
246
250
254
PART
The Setting
Introduction
More than 3 billion people almost half of the worlds population
live in rural areas. Roughly 2.5 billion of these rural people derive their livelihoods from agriculture. For many economies, especially those of developing countries, agriculture can be an important engine of economic growth. Approximately three-quarters of the
worlds agricultural value added is generated in developing countries,
and in many of these, the agriculture sector contributes as much as
30 percent to gross domestic product (GDP). According to the World
Bank, 1 percent growth in GDP from agriculture increases the expenditures of the three poorest deciles by at least 2.5 times as much as
1 percent growth from the rest of the economy. Agriculture can also
provide an important haven against global economic and financial
turmoil, often more effectively than other sectors.
A look back through history reveals that growth in agriculture has
tended to be followed by wider economic development. From the industrial revolution that began in the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland in the eighteenth century and spread to other

now developed countries, through to more recent examples in China
or Viet Nam, growth in agriculture has always been the precursor to
the rise of industry and services.
In many poor developing countries, primary activities such as agriculture still constitute the backbone of the economy. However, the
sector often faces many challenges. A profound and prolonged lack
of investment in agriculture is evident in many countries. Notably,
infrastructure is missing or weak in rural areas, agricultural productivity is stagnant, and lack of opportunities for income diversification
combines with poorly functioning markets to undermine economic
growth. There is often a gender divide. Although women make significant contributions to the rural economy, they often have less access to productive resources than men, and families often rely on
childrens work for survival.
Downward trends in the global economy are slowly turning, with
improved accessibility to financial resources. Agriculture is reaping
the benefits of technological innovation, and there is also a growing
recognition among governments and donor agencies that agriculture
must be the mainstay of any development agenda and of policies
promoting economic growth. The reaffirmation of the sectors role in
development and growth provides fresh impetus for fostering investments that raise productivity and incomes in agriculture.
Within this context, FAO together with international partners
is promoting the Global Strategy to Improve Agricultural and Rural
Statistics. This multi-year, collaborative project builds capacity in developing countries to produce and use agricultural and rural statistics
for more effective food security, sustainable agricultural and rural development policies, and helps ensure that information is available to
farmers and policy-makers when and where they need it.
Key Resources
The State of Food and Agriculture
ISSN 0081-4539
The State of Food and Agriculture, FAOs major

annual flagship publication, aims at bringing to
a wider audience balanced science-based assessments of important issues in the field of food and
agriculture. Each edition of the report contains a
comprehensive, yet easily accessible, overview of
a selected topic of major relevance for rural and
agricultural development and for global food security. This is supplemented by a synthetic overview
of the current global agricultural situation.
THE STATE
OF FOOD
AND
AGRICULTURE
2012: Investing in agriculture for a better future

2010-11: Women in Agriculture, Closing the gender gap for development
INVESTING IN AGRICULTURE
2009: Livestock in the balance

Publication cycle: Annual
Webpage: www.fao.org/publications/sofa
Looking Ahead in World Food and Agriculture

How will the world feed itself in 2050? This volume, which is a compilation of papers authored by
world-class experts, addresses this very question.
Agricultural and food demand is expected to slow
over the next decades, following slowing population growth and rising incomes. However, population will still grow considerably in the coming
decades, and require world agricultural production
to increase substantially by 2050. Other areas explored in the volume are natural resources notably land and water as well as capital, investment and technology.
Webpage: www.fao.org/economic/esa/esag/en/
for a better future
Overview
CHART 1: World rural and urban population

(1960-2050)
Although demographic growth rates have been slowing

since the late 1970s, the worlds population has doubled
since then to approximately 7 billion people and is projected to increase considerably over the coming decades. In
many developing countries, a combination of declining mortality rates, prolonged life expectancy and age structures
characterized by youth and high fertility suggests that considerable population increases are likely to continue until
the end of the twenty-first century.
Urban population
Rural population
The trajectory of the worlds future population rests heavily

on assumptions about fertility rates. If rates in high-fertility
countries continue to grow as projected, there will be an additional 2 billion people by 2050, with a much larger proportion living in urban settings. This situation emphasizes
the importance of empowering women through education,
expanded economic opportunities and access to finance and
family planning, especially in the poorest countries where
population growth rates are currently the fastest.
billion people
7.5
The agricultural population is defined as all people depending on agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting for their
livelihoods. It comprises all the people economically active in agriculture and their non-working dependants, but
the agricultural population does not necessarily live exclusively in rural areas. More than a third of the worlds population relies on agriculture for its livelihood, with the largest
portion being in Asia.
5.0
2.5
0.0
1960
1980
2000
2020
2040
Source: United Nations Population Division.

Data after 2011 are projections.
Worldwide, people can expect to live longer than ever before. In the past decade, average global life expectancy has
risen by three years, to 70 years. In all countries, the wealthy
generally live longer than the poor, and in most populations women usually outlive men. Many African countries,
including several that have suffered from war in recent years,
have increased their populations life expectancy considerably. Improved access to clean water, better nutrition, living
and working conditions, and greater access to health services can account for increases in life expectancy. These factors have also led to declines in mortality rates, with world
averages for under-five mortality dropping significantly.
CHART 2: Agricultural population (1990 and 2010)
1990
2010
billion people
Source: FAO, Statistics Division (FAOSTAT).
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THE SETTING
MAP 1: World population annual growth (percent, 2000-2011)
No data available
1.1 ~ < 0
0~<1
1 ~ < 1.5
1.5 ~ < 2.5
2.5 ~ 12
Source: World Bank (WDI).
CHART 4: Population density (2010)
CHART 3: Population ages 0-14 and 65+, share of total

(2011)
Population 0-14
Population 65+
40
100
people/km2
percent
30
20
50
10
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The worlds population is ageing. Today, roughly 27 percent

of people worldwide are below the age of 15, and approximately 8 percent are 65 years or older. Two decades ago,
these statistics stood at 33 and 6 percent, respectively. This
ageing profile is being shaped by rising longevity twinned
with low fertility rates in the more developed countries.
Unprecedented change has also occurred in where people
reside. In 2008 for the first time the worlds urban population became larger than its rural population. Now, about
52 percent of the worlds population lives in cities. Only
part of the increase was caused by growing rural-urban migration; other reasons include the transformation of rural
settlements into urban areas and, most important, natural
growth of urban populations. However, this trend has not
occurred in all regions of the world: 61 percent of people in
Africa and 55 percent in Asia still live in rural settings.
Allied to rising urbanization is an increase in population
densities. In 2010, at the world level, there were an average of 53 people living in every square kilometre. Regional
differences are significant. In Asia, for instance, population
density stands at 134/km2 compared with 29/km2 in Latin
America and the Caribbean.
As well as birth and death rates, international migration is
the only other factor that directly accounts for a countrys
population growth. Legal immigration from developing to
developed countries over the period 1990 to 2010 amounted
to 45 million people. Currently, about 214 million people
more than 3 percent of the worlds population live outside
their home countries.
CHART 5: Change in life expectancy between

2000-2010 (with data available in 2010)
Countries with
highest values
Countries with
lowest values
Liberia
Rwanda
Sierra Leone
Uganda
Malawi
United Republic
of Tanzania
Ethiopia
Nepal
Madagascar
Zambia
Venezuela
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Chad
Lesotho
Swaziland
Montenegro
Oman
Iraq
South Africa
0
4
years
Further reading
World Population Prospects: the 2011 revision (www.un.
org/esa/population/)
UN Population Fund (www.unfpa.org/)

FAO Food and Nutrition Security in Urban Environments
(www.fao.org/ag/agn/nutrition/urban_security_en.stm)
THE SETTING
MAP 2: GNI per capita, current US$ (percent, 2010-2011*)
No data available
190 ~ < 1 110
1 110 ~ < 3 150
3 150 ~ < 7 080
7 080 ~ < 18 400
18 400 ~ 88 890
MAP 3: Under-5 mortality rate (per 1 000 live births, 2010-2011*)
No data available
1.9 ~ < 6.2
6.2 ~ < 16
16 ~ < 28
28 ~ < 73
73 ~ 185.3
Economy
Further reading
World Bank: Global Economic Prospects (wwwr.worldbank.
50
25
(www.imf.org/external/index.htm)
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CHART 7: Trade, FDI and ODA as shares of GDP

(2000-2010)
Trade
FDI
ODA
2004
2006
2008
60
percent
40
20
0
2000
2002
org/prospects/)
International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook
Services
75
The agriculture sector does not provide a large part of global

GDP which continues to be dominated in all regions by services but it plays an important role, especially because approximately one-third of the worlds population still obtains
its livelihood from agriculture. In addition, while agricultures overall contribution to output has declined over the
last two decades, agricultural productivity per worker has
increased.
Buoyed by very high commodity prices, the agriculture sector
has also demonstrated astonishing resilience during global
economic turmoil. In 2010, agricultural value added at the
world level rose by 4 percent, which can be contrasted to a 1
percent increase in sector-wide GDP. The economic recovery
in developing countries has also been facilitated by a large
influx of capital flows from developed economies. This is
especially true of trade; after a decline in 2009, world merchandise trade has rebounded over recent years. Exporters
in developing countries have recorded overall strong performance, as exemplified by Asias ability to meet regional
demand.
Industry
100
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Following the onset of the fastest and deepest slowdown in

global economic activity since the great depression of the
1930s, governments around the world have responded with
an unprecedented array of stimulus measures that may now
be beginning to bear results. However, global current account imbalances still demand decisive policy action. More
adjustment in external-deficit economies and more internal demand in external-surplus economies would contribute
not only to a safer global economy but also to stronger
growth prospects for all. In emerging market and developing economies, although policy-makers are increasingly
conscious of the need to rebuild fiscal and monetary policy
space, they are sometimes still uncertain regarding how best
to calibrate policies in the face of continued external downside risks that can thwart capital flows and have a negative
impact on future aid flows.
Agriculture
percent
Changes in the wider economy and macroeconomic policies

continue to affect the performance of the agricultural economy. Although recovery continues, growth in the advanced
economies remains too low to reduce unemployment notably. In particular, fiscal consolidation, a financial system
that is still weak, and a general feeling of uncertainty have
had a negative impact on incomes, and hence demand. This
situation, in turn, affects emerging market and developing
economies through trade and financial channels, including
volatile capital flows. Given the growing integration of the
global economy, macroeconomic policies play an increasingly important role in determining the performance of agriculture sectors.
CHART 6: Value added in agriculture, industry and

services as shares of GDP (2009)
2010
THE SETTING
MAP 4: Agriculture, value added per worker annual growth (percent, 2000-2010)
No data available
8 ~ < 4
4 ~ < 0
0~<4
4~<8
8 ~ 16
MAP 5: Agriculture, value added as share of GDP (percent, 2008-2011*)
No data available
0 ~ < 6.2
6.2 ~ < 15
15 ~ < 24
24 ~ < 36
36 ~ 56.48
Land and Water

There is little scope for easy expansion of agricultural land.
At present, more than 1.5 billion ha about 12 percent of
the worlds land area is used for crop production (arable
land plus land under permanent crops). Although considerable amounts of land are potentially suitable for agriculture,
much of this land is covered by forests, protected for environmental reasons or used for urban settlements.
Potentially accessible agricultural land is very unevenly distributed among regions and countries. Some 90 percent is
in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, with half concentrated in just seven countries Brazil, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Sudan, Argentina, Colombia
and the Plurinational State of Bolivia. At the other extreme,
there is virtually no spare land available for agricultural expansion in Southern Asia, the Western Asia and Northern
Africa.
So far, land and water management systems have been able
to meet the rapidly rising demands placed on them. This
situation has been made possible through gains in yields resulting from increased use of inputs, technology and irrigation.
World agricultural production has grown on average between 2 and 4 percent per year over the last 50 years, while
the cultivated area (permanent cropland and arable land)
has grown by only 1 percent annually. More than 40 percent
of the increase in food production has come from irrigated
areas, which have doubled in size. Not only is the land that
could be brought into production unevenly distributed over
a few countries, but also much of it is characterized by significant agronomic and suitability constraints.
In the same period, global cultivated land per person has
gradually declined from 0.44 ha to less than 0.25 ha
a clear measure of successful agricultural intensification.
However, the distribution of land suitable for cropping is
skewed against those countries that have most need to raise
production.
Availability of land for cultivation does not necessarily
equate to equitable access, as women, indigenous people
and ethnic minorities often lack access to land for farming enterprise. Stark gender disparities in landholding exist
across regions. Women account for less than 5 percent of all
agricultural holders in many countries in Northern Africa and
Western Asia; Latin America has the highest average share
of female landholders. Men also tend typically to control
larger landholdings than women.
CHART 8: Arable land per capita, top 20 countries

(2009)
Countries with
highest values
Australia
Kazakhstan
Canada
Niger
Russian Federation
Argentina
Ukraine
Lithuania
Paraguay
Belarus
Uruguay
Guyana
United States of America
Latvia
Republic of Moldova
Hungary
Central African Republic
Serbia
Estonia
Denmark
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
ha/cap
Sources: FAO, Statistics Division (FAOSTAT) and World Bank (WDI).
CHART 9: Arable land per capita, bottom 20 countries

(2009)
Countries with
lowest values
Micronesia (Federated States of)

Saint Lucia
Northern Mariana Islands
Puerto Rico
Maldives
Andorra
Bermuda
Seychelles
French Polynesia
United Arab Emirates
Virgin Islands
Brunei Darussalam
Qatar
Guam
Kuwait
Cayman Islands
Djibouti
Bahrain
China, Hong Kong SAR
Singapore
0.000
0.005
0.010
0.015
ha/cap
10
THE SETTING
MAP 6: Cropland per capita (ha/cap, 2009)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.05
0.05 ~ < 0.1
0.1 ~ < 0.2
0.2 ~ < 0.3
0.3 ~ 2.5
CHART 11: Agricultural area (2009)
CHART 10: Land area (2009)
Agricultural
Forest
Other
Arable
Permanent meadows and pastures
Permanent crops
100
100
75
percent
50
25
50
25
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11
The concentration of high-input irrigated agriculture on

prime land has relieved pressure on land expansion to some
extent. However, many irrigation systems are performing far
below their potential, and there is considerable scope for
improving the productivity and efficiency of land and water use in agriculture. While much of the prime agricultural
land suitable for irrigation has been developed, the global
expansion of irrigated equipped area has virtually stalled at
0.6 percent per year after growing twice as rapidly in the
1990s. Growth remains fractional, even when the stagnation of irrigation-intensive rice cultivation in Asia is taken
into account.
Rainfed agriculture is the worlds predominant agricultural
production system, but increasing climate variability is
bringing greater uncertainty in production levels. Current
productivity in rainfed systems is, on average, little more
than half of its potential. In the poorest countries, only onefifth of potential productivity is obtainable given the limited
availability of required agricultural inputs and appropriate
management capacity.
Water availability is a growing constraint in areas where a
high proportion of renewable water resources is already being used, or where transboundary water resource management cannot be developed because agreements on cooperative use are not in place. Increasing water scarcity constrains
irrigated production, particularly in the most highly stressed
countries and areas. Because many important food production zones depend on groundwater, declining aquifer levels and extraction of non-renewable groundwater present a
growing risk to food production systems.
CHART 12: Irrigation potential, top 20 countries (2012)
Countries with
highest values
India
China
Brazil
Russian Federation
Pakistan
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Thailand
Indonesia
Myanmar
Mexico
Viet Nam
Turkey
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Bangladesh
Colombia
Peru
Argentina
Iraq
Romania
Ukraine
0
50
100
million ha
Source: FAO, Land and Water Division (AQUASTAT).

The irrigation potential area includes the area already equipped for
irrigation.
CHART 13: Total equipped area, top 20 countries (2009)

In the coming decades, climate change may bring further
risks and unpredictability to harvests, from warming and
related aridity, shifts in rainfall patterns, or the frequency
and duration of extreme weather events. Water availability
and its distribution may also be profoundly affected. While
warming may extend the frontier of agriculture in higherlatitude areas (in both the northern and southern hemispheres), it is anticipated that key agricultural systems will
have to cope with new temperature, humidity and water
stress. This makes the need to increase the efficiency of land
and water use even more urgent.
Further reading
FAO The State of the Worlds Land and Water Resources for
Food and Agriculture (SOLAW) - Managing Systems at Risk
2011 (www.fao.org/nr/solaw/solaw-home/en/)
Bruinsma (2011)
FAO Natural Resources and Environment Department
Countries with
highest values
India
China
Pakistan
Indonesia
Thailand
Mexico
Turkey
Bangladesh
Viet Nam
Brazil
Russian Federation
Uzbekistan
Italy
Spain
Egypt
Kazakhstan
Iraq
Afghanistan
0
20
40
million ha
(www.fao.org/nr/)
AQUASTAT, FAOs global information system on water and

agriculture (www.fao.org./nr/aquastat)
12
60
THE SETTING
MAP 7: Share of equipped area actually irrigated (percent, 2000-2012*)
No data available
10 ~ < 60
60 ~ < 70
70 ~ < 80
80 ~ < 90
90 ~ 100
MAP 8: Water resources per capita (m3 /yr/cap, 2010)
No data available
7 ~ < 500
500 ~ < 1 000
1 000 ~ < 1 700
1 700 ~ 580 087
13
CHART 14: Female employment in agriculture, share of

female employment (2010)
Countries with
highest values
India
Liberia
Turkey
Indonesia
Romania
Syrian Arab Republic
Croatia
Greece
Poland
Portugal
Slovenia
Mauritius
Republic of Korea
Lithuania
Latvia
Bulgaria
Austria
Colombia
Mexico
Japan
Labour force participation rates are usually highest in the

poorest countries. In these countries, low unemployment in
conjunction with high labour participation rates results in
large swathes of the population being engaged in vulnerable employment and many people in working poverty. In
Southern Asia, the region with the highest vulnerable employment rate in 2011, 51 percent of workers were in the
agriculture sector. Women make up approximately 43 percent of the agricultural labour force in developing countries.
Their contribution varies greatly, depending on the type of
crops produced and the specific crop activities. However,
women often have less access than men to productive activities because of their limited access to resources, education,
extension and financial services and labour markets.
Further reading
FAO Gender, Equity and Rural Employment Division (www.
fao.org/economic/esw/)
14
60
CHART 15: Labour force participation rate by gender,

ages 15+ (2010)
Female
Male
80
60
40
20
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Decent employment and social protection are essential to

achieving food security and reducing rural poverty. However,
unemployment, underemployment, poor working conditions
and exposure to occupational hazards continue to prevail in
many rural areas. Less than 20 percent of agricultural workers have access to basic social protection (ILO, 2012). These
challenges negatively affect the labour productivity of agricultural workers. Economies around the world are not generating sufficient and quality employment opportunities to
absorb additions to the working-age population and ensure
gainful and decent employment for all.
40
Af
Youth account for a disproportionate share (23.5 per cent)

of the working poor (ILO, 2012). The majority of these poor
youth live in rural areas (ILO, 2012). Rural youth are more
likely to be underemployed and less likely to be in school
than urban youth. Rural youth also have higher rates of vulnerable employment and food poverty (OECD et al., 2012;
ILO, 2012). Because of limited job prospects, many young
people leave rural areas to seek employment opportunities
elsewhere. However, agriculture and the rural economy have
much potential as an engine of inclusive growth and youth
employment.
20
percent
percent
The agriculture sector also has the highest incidences of

both unpaid child labour and early entry into the workforce,
which often occurs between the ages of five and seven years.
Around 60 percent of all child labourers about 129 million
girls and boys work in agriculture. According to ILO, more
than half of these children engage in hazardous work.
as
In developing regions, employment growth is driven mostly

by demographic changes. The majority of workers do not enter into formal wage employment but instead are engaged in
self-employment or unpaid family work, such as in agriculture, especially subsistence farming. As a large share of the
working poor are involved in agriculture, developments in
this sector have a major impact on welfare throughout much
of the world. Nearly eight out of ten working poor with less
than US$1.25/day live in rural areas. This means that most
jobs in rural areas do not ensure sufficient levels of income
for workers to afford adequate food for themselves and their
families (ILO, 2012).
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Labour
THE SETTING
MAP 9: Employment in agriculture, share of total employment (percent, 2005-2010*)
No data available
0 ~ < 2.8
2.8 ~ < 8.7
8.7 ~ < 20
20 ~ < 40
40 ~ 84.8
MAP 10: Children in employment, total (percentage of children ages 7-14, 2008-2010*)
No data available
1 ~ < 6.6
6.6 ~ < 12
12 ~ < 21
21 ~ < 38
38 ~ 74.4
15
CHART 16: Fertilizer consumption in nutrients per ha of

arable land (2002 and 2009)
Nitrogen
kg/ha
Schmidhuber, J. and Bruinsma, J. (2011)

FAO Agriculture Department (www.fao.org/ag/portal/
index_en/en/)
16
09
CHART 17: Fertilizer consumption in nutrients per ha of

arable land (2009)
Nitrogen
Phosphate
Potash
200
150
100
50
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Further reading
20
20
02
Af
When pesticides are handled improperly, they are toxic to

humans and other species. Usage can be reduced through
integrated pest management (IPM), which uses information
on pest populations to estimate losses and adjust pesticide
doses accordingly. IPM has brought tremendous benefits to
farm profitability, the environment and human health. Adoption has often been limited because of its complexity, but
results can be extraordinarily successful. In Eastern Africa,
for instance, the cassava mealybug which caused significant losses was successfully controlled by introducing a
parasitoid wasp that is the mealybugs natural enemy.
60
30
kg/ha
Pesticides can also increase agricultural productivity. Pesticides are the insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, disinfectants and other substances or mixtures of substances used
to prevent, destroy or control any pest. Pests include vectors
of human or animal disease, and unwanted species of plants
or animals that harm or interfere with the production, processing, storage, transport or marketing of food, agricultural
commodities, wood and wood products or animal feedstuffs,
or the substances that may be administered to animals for
the control of insects, arachnids or other pests in or on their
bodies. Pesticides include substances intended for use as
plant growth regulators, defoliants, desiccants or agents for
thinning fruit or preventing the premature fall of fruit, and
substances applied to crops either before or after harvest
to protect the commodity from deterioration during storage
and transport. Data refer to quantities of pesticides applied
to crops and seeds in the agriculture sector.
Potash
90
Machinery is a major input in agriculture and can improve

efficiency. Agricultural tractors are generally wheel-andcrawler or track-laying tractors (excluding garden tractors)
used in agriculture.
Today, Asian farmers are major users of fertilizers. One-third
of the increase in cereal production worldwide and half of
the increase in Indias grain production during the 1970s and
1980s have been attributed to increased fertilizer consumption. The use of fertilizers is becoming even more crucial in
light of such factors as the impact of more intensive cultivation practices and shorter fallow periods on soil fertility.
Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Misuse of fertilizers can
lead to negative results on the environment and on farmers
health.
Phosphate
As
Throughout Asia and in parts of Latin America, expanding

seed and fertilizer use has been accompanied by investments in irrigation, rural roads, marketing infrastructure and
financial services, paving the way for dynamic commercial
input markets. Developing such markets is essential for agricultural productivity growth. Where data gaps currently exist, having more gender-disaggregated information for inputs could lead to more effective policies for achieving this
end.
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Inputs
THE SETTING
MAP 11: Pesticides per ha of arable land (kg/ha, 2005-2009*)
No data available
0.000488 ~ < 0.21
0.21 ~ < 1
1 ~ < 2.4
2.4 ~ < 6.5
6.5 ~ 59.43
Source: FAO, Statistics Division.
MAP 12: Agricultural tractors, total (tractors, 2000-2010*)
No data available
1 ~ < 610
610 ~ < 6 360
6 360 ~ < 36 400
36 400 ~ < 168 000
168 000 ~ 4 389 812
17
Capital and Investment

In many instances, the gaps between high-income and lowincome countries are widening as a result of low investment
rates and/or growing labour forces. This is particularly true
in countries with low levels of agricultural capital stock (ACS)
per worker.
CHART 18: Credit to agriculture, share of value added in

agriculture, selected countries (2005 and 2010)
2005
Vulnerable and food-insecure people are likely to channel

their savings into assets that reduce their vulnerability to
shocks rather than investments that increase resource productivity. In this context, credit to agriculture, including
investment-oriented loans provided by the banking sector,
relates directly to the rate at which ACS is being accumulated.
Yemen
Although most investments are mobilized by the farmers

themselves, expenditures by general government units and
public (financial and non-financial) corporations can create
a conducive environment economic incentives and ensure sufficient availability of public goods such as basic rural
infrastructure and market openness. The efficiency of public
expenditure for agriculture is therefore a key element of the
overall policy mix and will require a reversal of the declining
trend observed over the last 20 years.
Until low-income, food-deficit countries (LIFDCs) are able to
increase their incomes to levels at which they can generate
sufficient savings to meet their investment needs, they will
rely on external resources (transfers and some measure of
official finance) to generate funds for agricultural development. Official development assistance (ODA) is an important
complement to domestic resources and, over time, there can
be dramatic changes in the composition and impact of
these resources.
Oman
Kuwait
Jordan
10
20
30
40
percent
CHART 19: ODA received in agriculture, forestry and

fishing sectors, share of total ODA (2001 and 2010)
Owing to the imperfect information available to potential

investors, and the perceived high risks of longer-term investment, the allocation of foreign direct investment (FDI) to
agriculture, including to the manufacture of food and beverages, has tended to bypass most LIFDCs, where generating
additional food supplies and the incomes necessary for access to food remains a critical challenge.
Agriculture
Forestry
Fishing
6
percent
FAO is collaborating with the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the International Food Policy
Research Institute (IFPRI), the International Monetary Fund
(IMF), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the United Nations Conference on Trade
and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Bank Group to
strengthen the monitoring of these resource flows. The Principles for Responsible Agricultural Investment that Respects
Rights, Livelihoods and Resources informs this initiative to
establish an integrated investment data set.
2010
Further reading
(www.fao.org/wsfs/forum2050/)
FAO Foreign Investment in Agriculture (www.fao.org/

economic/est/investments/)
Principles for Responsible Agricultural Investment that Re-
0
Af
ric
a
(2
00
Af
1)
ric
Am a (2
0
er
10
ic
)
a
Am s (2
0
er
01
ic
)
as
(2
01
As
0)
ia
(2
00
As
1)
ia
(
20
Eu
10
ro
)
pe
(
2
Eu
00
ro
1)
pe
(2
Oc
01
ea
0)
ni
a
(
Oc
20
ea
01
ni
)
a
(2
01
0)
FAO How to Feed the World in 2050: Investment Brief
spects Rights, Livelihoods and Resources (www.unctad.org/

en/Pages/Home.aspx)
Foreign Agriculture Investment Database (www.fao.org/

tc/policy-support/investment-policy/fdi/en/)
18
Sources: OECD and FAO, Statistics Division.
THE SETTING
MAP 13: FDI (inward flows) to agriculture (million US$, 2010)
No data available
682.1 ~ < 0
0 ~ < 0.65
0.65 ~ < 16
16 ~ < 140
140 ~ 13 939
Sources: UNCTAD and FAO, Statistics Division.
CHART 20: Share of components in capital stock (2007)
Land development
Machinery and equipment
Africa
Europe
Livestock fixed assets
Plantation crops
Asia
LAC
Livestock inventory
Structures for livestock
100
75
percent
CHART 21: Government expenditures in agriculture,

forestry, fishing and hunting (2010)
50
25
Oc
ea
ni
a
pe
Eu
ro
ia
As
as
ic
er
Am
Af
ric
a
Middle East
Yemen
Oman
Jordan
Egypt
Tunisia
El Salvador
Guatemala
Jamaica
Mexico
Bulgaria
Ukraine
Republic of Moldova
Belarus
Malaysia
Sri Lanka
Myanmar
Nepal
Nigeria
United Republic of Tanzania
Uganda
Kenya
Swaziland
0
percent
Sources: IMF and FAO, Statistics Division.
19
Countries with
highest values
Norway
Ireland
Japan
Denmark
Germany
Botswana
Netherlands
Iceland
Mauritius
Australia
France
Canada
Finland
Austria
Israel
Sweden
Republic of Korea
New Zealand
Spain
Information and communications technology has revolutionized development. Increased financing, privatization
and market liberalization, which are the result of increased
global integration, have led to greater access. Mobile telephony and the Internet have become essential tools in development, and developing countries share in these tools has
become increasingly significant over time. Between 2005
and 2010, developing countries share of worldwide mobile
telephone subscriptions increased from approximately 50 to
75 percent. Mobile technology is especially important for
farmers and people living in rural areas. Most of the next
billion mobile subscribers will most likely be rural poor.
Internet
(www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/
astiglobalassessment.pdf)
20
Telephone lines
subscriptions
50
W
or
ld
ni
a
Oc
ea
op
Eu
r
Am
cgiar.org/)
ASTI Global Assessment of Agricultural R & D Spending
Mobile cellulars
100
Af
Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (www.asti.
CHART 23: Mobile cellular, broadband Internet and

telephone line subscribers per 100 people (2010)
ric
a
Further reading
Source: IFPRI/ASTI.
Following a decade of slowing growth in the 1990s, global

public spending on agricultural R&D increased steadily from
US$26.1 billion in 2000 to US$31.7 billion in 2008. Most of
this increase was driven by developing countries. China and
India accounted for close to half of the global increase of
US$5.6 billion, but other countries particularly Argentina,
Brazil, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Nigeria and the Russian
Federation also significantly increased their spending on
public agricultural R&D.
These trends mask the negative developments that have
taken place in numerous smaller, poorer and more technologically challenged countries, which are often highly vulnerable to severe volatility in funding and often see the continuity and viability of their research programmes deteriorate. In addition to financial challenges, many R&D agencies
in these countries lack the necessary human, operating and
infrastructural resources to develop, adapt and disseminate
successful science and technology innovations.
2
percent
ia
For innovation to occur, investments in research and development (R&D) must take place, including within agriculture. Systematic data on agricultural R&D spending are essential, to identify areas where investment can lead to increased agricultural productivity and ultimately greater
food security. IFPRIs Agricultural Science and Technology
Indicators (ASTI) initiative collects this type of data. The
ASTI global assessment of agricultural R&D spending reported
that between 2000 and 2008 (the latest year for which data
were available) agricultural R&D investments were on an
upswing.
As
Economic growth is fostered not only by inputs but also

through innovation. The ability to innovate and use the results in the international market helps make countries more
competitive. Globalization has brought the benefits of innovation especially new technologies such as information and communication technology to many parts of the
world, leading to rapid advances and improved productivity,
even in agriculture.
CHART 22: Total public agricultural research

expenditure, share of agricultural GDP, top 20 countries
(2006-2010*)
er
ic
as
Innovation
THE SETTING
MAP 14: Access to mobile cellular phone subscriptions annual growth (percent, 2000-2010)
No data available
4.728 ~ < 15
15 ~ < 27
27 ~ < 42
42 ~ < 64
64 ~ 134.9
MAP 15: Total public agricultural research expenditure, share of agricultural GDP (percent, 2006-2010*)
No data available
0.06 ~ < 0.28
0.28 ~ < 0.51
0.51 ~ < 1
1 ~ < 2.1
2.1 ~ 5.89
Source: IFPRI/ASTI.
21
TABLE 1: Population and structure

Population
total
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Sao Tome and Principe
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Saint Helena, Ascension and
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
22
rural
urban
density
agricultural
share of total
%
%
Age composition
between
over
0-14
65+
%
%
thousand
people
2000
thousand
people
2011
2000
2011
2000
2011
2000
2010
2011
2011
6 118 131
809 180
250 689
6 374
562
732
3 668
65 578
31 254
15 364
11 229
1 187
6 973 738
1 044 353
331 449
8 575
754
906
5 415
84 734
41 610
21 315
15 381
1 286
53.4
64.5
79.5
91.8
71.9
23.5
82.4
85.3
80.1
72.9
85.4
57.3
48.0
60.5
76.3
89.1
71.9
22.9
78.6
83.0
76.0
67.4
84.3
58.2
46.6
35.5
20.5
8.2
28.1
76.5
17.6
14.7
19.9
27.1
14.6
42.7
52.0
39.5
23.7
10.9
28.1
77.1
21.4
17.0
24.0
32.6
15.7
41.8
53.0
34.7
53.3
326.4
395.0
38.3
52.0
82.9
71.2
35.6
158.0
631.0
29.6
53.9
77.8
90.8
73.6
78.3
77.1
82.3
75.4
74.8
78.0
11.6
26.8
49.1
73.4
89.2
69.4
74.0
73.8
77.3
70.6
70.1
72.9
8.1
26.6
40.0
43.1
37.5
42.6
35.4
41.6
40.8
42.4
42.7
45.8
21.4
7.7
3.6
3.1
2.9
2.7
3.4
2.5
3.4
2.7
3.1
3.1
7.2
18 201
23 930
70.9
68.8
29.1
31.2
29.7
78.5
76.0
43.9
3.3
8 098
81
7 399
24 213
34 038
10 202
12 509
96 187
13 926
15 678
3 702
8 222
3 136
49 626
520
1 235
141
175 958
30 534
67 648
5 231
28 793
6 631
27 556
10 943
86
9 557
34 509
46 218
13 475
12 754
129 981
19 618
20 030
4 487
11 525
4 140
67 758
720
1 534
169
212 519
35 980
82 537
6 423
32 273
10 314
34 318
86.2
49.6
66.8
87.9
77.7
65.2
66.2
63.8
51.0
54.5
62.4
78.5
41.3
70.7
61.2
19.9
46.6
52.8
39.2
57.2
23.7
46.7
83.5
67.5
80.9
46.4
62.2
84.4
73.3
60.8
61.4
58.5
40.9
47.9
60.9
78.2
36.4
65.7
60.5
13.9
37.4
50.2
27.1
56.5
22.3
43.0
81.9
66.8
13.8
50.4
33.2
12.1
22.3
34.8
33.8
36.2
49.0
45.5
37.6
21.5
58.7
29.3
38.8
80.1
53.4
47.2
60.8
42.8
76.3
53.3
16.5
32.5
19.1
53.6
37.8
15.6
26.7
39.2
38.6
41.5
59.1
52.1
39.1
21.8
63.6
34.3
39.5
86.1
62.6
49.8
72.9
43.5
77.7
57.0
18.1
33.2
430.6
188.1
14.9
167.3
50.6
17.4
32.5
19.5
15.3
41.5
7.1
8.9
11.8
29.1
25.0
5.8
172.3
25.8
14.9
81.5
3.6
71.6
90.8
76.4
70.1
79.0
78.3
69.1
62.9
62.6
71.8
53.2
72.6
75.4
40.0
62.1
69.4
37.7
62.4
30.4
24.2
34.7
5.8
33.7
89.4
74.0
65.6
73.5
73.3
64.0
56.3
56.3
69.2
40.9
63.2
65.7
31.9
57.2
64.2
25.7
57.4
24.6
20.9
27.9
3.0
25.9
42.8
2.7
44.9
48.3
44.8
46.5
38.4
44.6
46.3
40.4
40.1
45.3
40.5
46.0
39.1
35.0
39.9
30.9
26.8
31.3
30.6
27.6
2.7
2.5
3.2
3.1
4.2
2.9
2.5
3.5
4.0
2.9
3.7
2.7
2.8
4.3
3.8
4.9
4.6
5.2
4.4
5.6
39.8
3.6
9 564
10 674
36.6
33.7
63.4
66.3
67.9
23.6
20.4
23.2
7.0
50 628
1 758
1 964
1 896
44 000
1 011
235 717
6 518
12 294
437
16 582
1 297
19 165
8 344
1 241
2 847
11 295
2 643
10 922
123 689
58 203
2 031
2 194
2 324
50 587
1 068
312 201
9 100
16 968
501
20 153
1 776
24 966
10 222
1 547
4 129
15 840
3 542
16 069
162 471
46.3
46.8
80.0
67.6
43.1
77.4
61.5
61.7
82.2
46.6
56.5
51.2
56.0
69.0
64.1
55.7
71.9
60.0
83.8
57.6
41.0
38.4
72.4
61.6
38.0
78.7
55.1
55.1
73.5
37.4
48.7
42.8
48.1
64.5
56.1
51.8
65.1
58.5
82.1
50.4
53.7
53.2
20.0
32.4
56.9
22.6
38.5
38.3
17.8
53.4
43.5
48.8
44.0
31.0
35.9
44.3
28.1
40.0
16.2
42.4
59.0
61.6
27.6
38.4
62.0
21.3
44.9
44.9
26.5
62.6
51.3
57.2
51.9
35.5
43.9
48.2
34.9
41.5
17.9
49.6
21.7
3.5
71.5
2.8
41.2
61.4
50.2
80.0
60.2
123.1
62.1
172.8
107.2
40.6
53.9
41.5
12.6
3.4
12.2
173.9
18.0
43.9
41.7
49.1
14.1
37.3
50.2
54.0
92.2
23.1
48.8
79.1
56.4
83.8
82.5
67.5
80.7
52.7
85.7
33.3
13.7
42.1
38.9
40.9
9.8
32.4
44.0
44.3
92.1
16.9
37.9
76.0
53.8
79.8
79.3
62.0
74.9
50.3
82.9
24.9
30.6
32.2
37.0
35.9
29.9
37.9
42.9
43.5
45.2
30.9
40.7
43.7
38.4
42.7
41.1
43.5
47.1
39.7
48.9
42.8
4.7
4.1
4.3
3.7
4.8
3.4
3.2
3.0
2.2
5.8
3.8
2.2
3.9
3.3
3.3
2.8
2.2
2.7
2.2
3.4
9 506
4 143
4 794
12 768
5 997
6 155
59.7
64.2
67.1
57.4
60.7
62.0
40.3
35.8
32.9
42.6
39.3
38.0
64.6
81.9
110.8
73.5
65.0
59.7
70.2
60.0
53.4
43.5
42.9
39.3
2.4
1.9
3.4
people/km2
2010
18.3
TABLE 1: Population and structure (continued)

Population
total
Americas
Latin America and the Caribbean
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint-Martin (French Part)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Sint Maarten (Dutch Part)
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks and Caicos Islands
United States Virgin Islands
Uruguay
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
rural
urban
density
agricultural
share of total
%
%
Age composition
between
over
0-14
65+
%
%
thousand
people
2000
thousand
people
2011
2000
2011
2000
2011
2000
2010
2011
2011
833 421
520 370
941 468
595 272
23.2
24.5
19.8
20.9
76.8
75.5
80.2
79.1
24.0
29.2
13.6
20.4
10.6
15.8
24.6
27.5
9.4
7.0
78
36 931
90
298
268
250
8 307
90
40 765
108
347
274
357
10 088
67.9
9.9
53.3
18.0
61.7
52.3
38.2
70.1
7.5
53.1
15.7
55.6
55.2
33.2
32.1
90.1
46.7
82.0
38.3
47.7
61.8
29.9
92.5
46.9
84.3
44.4
44.8
66.8
201.6
14.8
597.2
34.3
635.7
15.1
9.2
23.2
9.5
23.3
3.7
4.1
27.2
42.7
20.3
7.7
20.5
2.3
2.6
21.5
39.9
24.6
18.7
22.0
17.0
34.4
35.7
10.7
9.8
7.0
11.6
4.0
4.7
174 425
196 655
18.8
15.4
81.2
84.6
23.0
15.9
10.8
25.0
7.2
40
15 420
39 764
3 919
11 104
134
70
8 592
12 345
5 940
57
17 270
46 927
4 727
11 254
146
68
10 056
14 666
6 227
0.0
14.1
27.9
41.0
24.4
0.0
10.9
24.7
35.4
24.8
100.0
85.9
72.1
59.0
75.6
100.0
89.1
75.3
64.6
75.2
22.4
15.9
20.0
20.5
16.6
19.6
13.3
15.1
15.8
12.9
21.7
28.4
24.4
16.9
9.5
5.8
6.7
12.7
32.8
38.3
39.7
41.1
32.8
30.4
32.6
35.2
67.2
61.7
60.3
58.9
67.2
69.6
67.4
64.8
234.3
23.0
41.7
91.2
105.8
323.8
90.3
205.4
58.2
298.9
23.0
16.9
26.0
32.0
20.7
11.2
19.8
26.2
30.7
29.9
31.2
6.4
6.4
7.1
102
105
64.1
60.8
35.9
39.2
307.3
23.6
20.1
27.2
7.1
11 237
733
8 645
6 218
2 589
14 757
756
10 124
7 755
2 709
54.9
71.3
64.4
54.5
48.2
50.2
71.6
46.7
47.8
47.9
45.1
28.7
35.6
45.5
51.8
49.8
28.4
53.3
52.2
52.1
134.3
3.8
362.6
67.9
249.5
50.9
17.5
64.1
34.3
20.9
42.1
14.6
58.8
26.5
17.8
41.1
32.5
35.5
36.2
28.5
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.4
7.9
99 960
114 793
25.3
21.9
74.7
78.1
58.3
23.6
17.9
28.7
6.5
5 074
2 956
5 344
25 862
3 811
5 870
3 571
6 568
29 400
3 707
45.3
34.2
44.7
27.0
5.4
42.4
24.8
38.1
22.8
1.1
54.7
65.8
55.3
73.0
94.6
57.6
75.2
61.9
77.2
98.9
48.1
47.3
16.2
22.7
419.6
22.3
23.1
35.0
28.4
2.9
15.4
17.8
29.9
24.0
1.5
33.9
28.6
33.1
29.6
20.7
4.6
6.7
5.2
6.2
13.1
44
156
28
108
31
467
1 292
19
109
3 301
24 311
313 050
62
30 770
56
53
176
31
109
37
529
1 346
39
110
3 369
29 278
346 196
65
34 483
57
67.2
72.0
68.0
82.4
32.8
28.0
32.0
17.6
24.8
23.1
21.0
20.1
25.4
6.8
54.8
50.7
45.2
49.3
23.2
20.1
26.1
6.8
35.1
89.2
15.4
7.4
8.7
10.1
20.9
0.0
20.5
18.4
30.3
86.3
6.3
4.6
7.5
6.5
17.8
0.0
19.3
15.3
64.8
10.8
84.5
92.6
91.3
89.9
79.1
100.0
79.5
81.6
69.7
13.7
93.7
95.4
92.5
93.5
82.2
100.0
80.7
84.7
201.5
285.2
555.8
280.3
1 113.2
3.4
261.5
40.4
313.6
19.2
32.7
18.4
1 284.7
3.8
0.1
18.8
8.5
21.2
21.2
11.1
9.5
2.3
1.6
2.5
1.8
16.8
6.6
20.9
18.2
10.0
6.2
1.7
1.6
1.8
1.8
28.2
20.5
6.5
7.1
19.9
22.3
29.1
19.7
15.1
13.8
5.8
13.4
16.3
14.4
282 162
3 717 168
55 107
14 884
4 898
6 173
4 501
24 650
311 592
4 210 777
63 489
16 558
5 507
6 977
5 105
29 341
20.9
62.7
58.4
44.3
64.7
73.5
54.1
62.6
17.6
55.1
59.4
46.4
64.6
73.4
51.3
63.8
79.1
37.3
41.6
55.7
35.3
26.5
45.9
37.4
82.4
44.9
40.6
53.6
35.4
26.6
48.7
36.2
33.8
134.0
15.9
6.0
28.4
49.1
10.7
67.1
2.2
32.2
26.6
19.6
26.2
33.9
33.4
27.8
1.7
28.7
20.7
15.3
20.4
27.4
29.7
20.6
20.1
25.6
28.7
24.8
29.9
36.5
28.9
28.8
13.3
6.8
4.8
6.7
4.3
3.4
4.1
4.3
people/km2
2010
23

Population
total
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Democratic Peoples Republic of
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Lao Peoples Democratic Republic
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
24
rural
urban
density
thousand
people
2000
thousand
people
2011
2000
2011
2000
2011
1 491 110
6 665
432
1 284 830
22 894
1 579 785
7 072
556
1 367 310
24 451
58.3
0.0
0.0
64.1
40.6
44.7
0.0
0.0
49.5
39.7
41.7
100.0
100.0
35.9
59.4
55.3
100.0
100.0
50.5
60.3
135.2
6 782.9
19 416.3
143.4
202.2
126 870
2 411
47 008
522 813
327
12 447
213 395
5 317
23 415
44 958
77 310
4 028
63 155
830
77 631
1 463 653
25 951
129 592
571
1 053 898
65 342
273
24 401
144 522
19 102
184 485
3 076
8 049
638
943
4 418
24 314
6 289
4 798
1 941
3 742
3 004
2 264
591
20 045
15 989
63 628
3 033
17 723
727 289
304 062
10 005
8 170
10 272
10 211
38 454
3 640
22 443
146 303
5 389
49 176
94 368
127 817
2 800
49 779
599 091
406
14 305
242 326
6 288
28 859
48 337
94 852
5 184
69 519
1 176
87 840
1 731 263
35 320
150 494
738
1 241 492
74 799
320
30 486
176 745
20 869
237 149
3 100
9 168
1 324
1 117
4 486
32 962
7 766
6 181
2 818
4 259
4 019
2 846
1 870
28 083
20 820
73 640
7 891
24 800
740 012
293 707
9 473
7 476
10 546
9 971
38 216
3 559
21 390
141 930
5 440
45 706
99 862
21.4
42.9
20.4
61.7
28.8
81.4
58.0
78.0
38.0
72.8
52.0
0.0
68.9
75.7
75.6
71.0
79.4
76.4
74.6
72.3
36.0
72.3
86.6
66.9
84.3
36.2
35.3
48.6
11.6
31.4
47.4
32.2
8.8
20.2
1.9
14.0
28.0
28.4
3.7
20.2
48.1
35.3
19.8
73.7
29.1
31.8
30.0
31.1
26.0
35.4
38.3
55.4
47.0
26.6
43.8
32.9
22.1
8.9
31.5
16.8
55.3
24.0
80.0
49.3
65.8
27.3
67.3
51.1
0.0
65.9
71.7
69.0
67.4
76.5
71.6
64.4
68.7
30.9
58.9
83.0
63.8
84.9
32.2
35.9
46.4
11.3
29.5
47.1
33.5
8.1
17.3
1.7
12.8
25.6
26.6
1.2
17.7
43.9
28.6
15.7
67.7
27.0
31.0
25.0
26.9
26.6
30.6
39.1
52.3
47.2
26.2
45.2
31.1
20.9
78.6
57.1
79.6
38.3
71.2
18.6
42.0
22.0
62.0
27.2
48.0
100.0
31.1
24.3
24.4
29.0
20.6
23.6
25.4
27.7
64.0
27.7
13.4
33.1
15.7
63.8
64.7
51.4
88.4
68.6
52.6
67.8
91.2
79.8
98.1
86.0
72.0
71.6
96.3
79.8
51.9
64.7
80.2
26.3
70.9
68.2
70.0
68.9
74.0
64.6
61.7
44.6
53.0
73.3
56.2
67.1
77.9
91.1
68.5
83.2
44.7
76.0
20.0
50.7
34.2
72.7
32.7
48.9
100.0
34.1
28.3
31.0
32.6
23.5
28.4
35.6
31.3
69.1
41.1
17.0
36.2
15.1
67.8
64.1
53.6
88.7
70.5
52.9
66.5
91.9
82.7
98.3
87.2
74.4
73.4
98.8
82.3
56.1
71.4
84.3
32.3
73.0
69.0
75.0
73.1
73.4
69.4
60.9
47.7
52.8
73.8
54.8
68.9
79.1
145
5 340
1 370
46
5 176
154
5 574
1 340
49
5 387
69.5
14.9
30.6
63.7
17.8
68.8
13.1
30.5
58.9
16.3
30.5
85.1
69.4
36.3
82.2
281
319
7.6
6.3
92.4
people/km2
2010
agricultural
share of total
%
%
Age composition
between
over
0-14
65+
%
%
2000
2010
2011
2011
8.2
5.4
30.1
23.3
18.5
11.2
12.8
19.1
22.4
9.7
13.0
7.3
8.4
9.7
349.7
1.8
508.9
136.5
75.7
80.1
132.4
26.9
86.4
73.4
312.8
7 252.4
135.3
76.8
280.3
266.7
52.7
1 142.3
18.9
411.9
45.4
1 053.0
209.0
225.2
329.3
48.5
108.6
109.6
1 660.3
119.4
77.9
73.7
352.3
68.1
153.6
413.3
648.7
9.0
151.8
12.8
111.3
94.5
89.9
45.6
33.5
16.3
46.8
69.4
136.2
110.5
125.5
124.0
93.2
8.7
112.9
79.2
60.5
3.8
24.3
8.6
49.3
0.6
69.9
44.0
76.7
17.9
70.3
39.5
0.1
49.0
81.2
68.3
52.1
56.1
54.8
92.6
53.1
26.6
27.8
93.2
47.4
45.4
21.2
12.6
27.1
1.1
8.6
21.4
9.1
2.5
9.2
1.1
3.6
12.6
36.0
1.4
10.1
23.8
26.5
5.0
47.9
8.3
12.8
13.3
7.5
8.3
12.0
18.9
25.6
13.7
10.6
9.2
15.8
3.7
2.1
17.9
4.5
43.1
0.3
65.9
37.3
74.9
12.0
67.1
33.5
0.1
41.1
78.3
63.8
47.2
54.6
45.4
92.8
48.4
21.5
18.4
92.9
42.7
43.7
15.6
9.4
23.1
0.6
5.3
14.7
5.4
1.7
6.4
1.0
1.8
8.2
28.9
0.7
5.1
20.0
19.9
3.1
38.8
5.9
9.4
9.0
4.0
6.2
8.4
14.8
14.9
8.4
8.1
7.1
11.4
2.7
13.3
27.6
15.9
26.9
25.9
31.2
26.7
33.7
29.9
25.2
35.1
16.8
20.2
45.7
23.2
30.8
46.1
30.7
28.8
30.2
22.7
25.8
35.5
34.8
24.9
31.2
20.2
21.0
19.8
17.4
16.5
42.9
27.2
37.0
26.8
24.2
41.9
27.0
13.4
30.0
36.2
26.0
16.8
44.0
15.5
14.9
15.1
13.9
14.1
14.7
14.7
16.6
15.2
15.3
15.0
14.3
17.3
23.4
4.1
11.5
5.7
3.7
3.9
5.6
3.9
4.9
5.2
3.7
9.4
9.1
3.0
6.0
4.9
2.3
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.3
5.2
4.2
4.3
8.4
4.8
11.0
6.4
2.1
11.8
14.3
3.2
10.6
4.0
2.5
7.3
2.8
2.7
1.1
3.0
4.0
6.1
0.4
2.6
16.3
13.8
13.5
17.7
15.2
16.7
13.8
11.2
15.0
12.8
12.3
15.4
16.7
31.2
86.9
69.5
41.1
83.7
807.1
130.7
31.6
35.0
17.6
3.8
11.4
4.4
6.0
2.5
8.9
2.1
3.9
14.7
17.8
15.6
16.7
16.9
17.3
16.5
17.8
93.7
3.2
8.2
6.3
20.7
12.2

Population
total
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
The former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia and New Zealand
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Wallis and Futuna Islands
rural
urban
density
agricultural
share of total
%
%
Age composition
between
over
0-14
65+
%
%
thousand
people
2000
thousand
people
2011
2000
2011
2000
2011
2000
2010
2011
2011
3 805
77
4 487
83
40.9
48.2
37.8
49.4
59.1
51.8
62.2
50.6
64.9
145.4
9.5
6.6
21.3
11.9
2 373
3 500
4 491
2 220
3 203
4 952
31.9
33.0
23.9
32.3
32.9
20.6
68.1
67.0
76.1
67.7
67.1
79.4
36.0
52.4
16.0
12.1
14.7
5.1
9.3
9.8
3.7
14.0
14.7
18.6
17.8
16.2
15.0
8 872
58 893
143 860
3 072
65
3 694
4 426
9 453
62 641
154 662
3 216
86
3 752
4 407
16.0
21.3
34.3
58.3
7.6
57.0
44.4
14.8
20.4
31.9
46.6
12.7
51.7
42.2
84.0
78.7
65.7
41.7
92.4
43.0
55.6
85.2
79.6
68.1
53.4
87.3
48.3
57.8
22.9
257.2
118.1
116.9
180.6
73.7
78.9
3.5
1.8
8.4
48.2
9.3
5.4
8.6
2.5
1.5
6.1
41.8
5.9
2.4
4.3
16.6
17.3
14.9
22.1
18.6
16.8
18.2
9.9
14.7
14.8
14.2
17.4
10 917
11 304
40.3
38.5
59.7
61.5
87.8
13.6
9.6
14.6
18.7
56 942
381
633
10 226
27
9 216
1 989
40 263
2 009
60 770
419
632
10 637
32
9 055
2 052
46 235
2 064
32.8
7.6
41.5
45.6
6.6
47.0
49.2
23.7
40.6
31.6
5.2
36.7
39.0
5.9
43.6
50.1
22.6
40.7
67.2
92.4
58.5
54.4
93.4
53.0
50.8
76.3
59.4
68.4
94.8
63.3
61.0
94.1
56.4
49.9
77.4
59.3
205.6
1 300.0
47.0
116.3
525.6
92.2
101.7
92.4
81.7
5.3
1.8
14.1
14.6
19.1
15.0
20.6
14.6
12.6
18.2
1.9
7.3
12.9
3.3
1.0
12.8
10.3
6.3
17.4
0.6
4.4
7.5
17.5
13.9
15.1
17.3
14.3
16.7
17.1
12.0
184 999
8 012
10 251
60 911
82 212
33
436
35
15 926
7 184
31 073
23 011
19 153
3 858
191 781
8 419
11 008
65 437
81 726
36
517
35
16 696
7 907
37 128
27 026
22 621
4 405
24.3
34.2
2.9
23.1
26.9
84.9
16.2
0.0
23.2
26.7
29.5
13.1
12.8
14.3
20.1
32.3
2.5
14.3
26.1
85.6
14.6
0.0
16.9
26.3
29.3
11.3
10.8
13.8
75.7
65.8
97.1
76.9
73.1
15.1
83.8
100.0
76.8
73.3
70.5
86.9
87.2
85.7
79.9
67.7
97.5
85.7
73.9
14.4
85.4
100.0
83.1
73.7
70.7
88.7
89.2
86.2
176.1
101.8
359.8
118.8
234.6
225.2
195.7
17 703.5
492.6
195.7
4.3
3.4
2.9
16.6
3.1
5.1
1.8
3.2
2.5
3.0
2.3
2.8
3.3
6.5
21.0
5.3
4.6
8.8
2.0
3.4
1.2
2.0
1.6
2.8
1.4
2.8
2.5
4.9
20.0
4.5
3.9
7.7
15.8
14.5
16.9
18.4
13.4
18.5
17.9
17.6
17.1
20.6
17.5
13.9
17.5
15.1
23.9
19.2
18.9
20.4
15.7
17.0
10.9
13.6
13.7
13.3
6 998
812
213
5 379
409
185
486
155
84
52
107
8 929
868
249
7 014
552
246
531
182
101
55
112
80.9
52.1
38.2
86.8
84.2
78.3
35.1
6.9
57.0
31.6
77.7
81.4
47.8
38.2
87.5
79.5
75.1
33.7
6.8
56.1
28.2
77.4
19.1
47.9
61.8
13.2
15.8
21.7
64.9
93.1
43.0
68.4
22.3
18.6
52.2
61.8
12.5
20.5
24.9
66.3
93.2
43.9
71.8
22.6
16.5
47.1
13.5
15.1
19.2
19.7
167.0
333.1
122.9
300.2
158.7
70.9
39.5
36.1
78.2
71.7
36.7
27.4
29.0
26.2
26.8
27.1
66.4
35.9
30.8
72.7
67.6
30.5
23.8
25.0
23.1
22.2
23.4
37.4
28.9
24.9
38.7
39.5
37.9
30.4
27.0
3.2
5.0
8.3
2.8
3.2
3.5
5.9
7.3
36.1
3.7
68
19
579
58
61
21
642
70
9.8
30.0
58.3
11.2
8.5
15.9
57.6
6.8
90.2
70.0
41.7
88.8
91.5
84.1
42.4
93.2
132.4
44.5
85.5
342.1
26.3
26.1
34.5
34.7
23.0
24.4
27.0
26.3
31.2
6.0
238
274
47.6
48.6
52.4
51.4
74.0
34.5
27.0
24.8
6.6
177
184
78.0
80.1
22.0
19.9
64.7
34.6
27.3
37.4
5.1
98
9
105
10
77.0
54.0
76.5
49.4
23.0
46.0
23.5
50.6
144.5
327.6
34.7
31.9
26.9
30.5
37.4
5.9
people/km2
2010
14.6
7.4
25
TABLE 2: Demographic indicators

GNI per capita
current US$
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
26
Infant mortality
per 1,000 live births
US$
2000
US$
2011
rate
2000
5 269
678
275
130
380
750
170
130
420
250
160
3 870
9 296
1 653
569
250
770
430
400
820
430
340
8 240
51.9
87.5
85.4
100.1
71.7
83.0
63.5
86.0
70.0
66.8
98.4
16.4
230
470
250
7 420
570
11 130
260
310
310
490
301
420
630
280
180
560
90
1 270
3 080
1 309
1 600
1 440
510
540
1 160
640
1 224
4 060
1 210
470
690
2 270
190
14 540
7 980
1 360
3 187
4 470
2 600
1 310
2 970
320
Life expectancy at birth

total
rate
2000-01*
rate
2010-11*
years
2000
years
2010
71.8
46.3
51.5
48.3
42.8
52.9
12.8
72.5
138.1
132.0
162.7
97.7
103.9
94.8
131.5
109.2
98.9
156.6
17.7
54.3
103.8
86.2
139.1
81.3
89.5
67.8
77.0
72.8
61.6
82.6
15.1
67
53
50
46
58
54
56
52
52
60
46
72
70
57
56
50
61
58
61
59
56
66
53
73
116.0
71.6
165.8
103.1
47
50
108.8
11.6
108.3
85.6
77.9
91.0
62.8
110.2
118.7
86.3
112.3
105.0
69.5
117.3
97.6
60.3
60.3
43.9
38.8
35.6
21.5
44.2
100.1
66.6
38.1
165.4
13.7
180.0
134.9
120.4
148.3
105.2
175.1
195.4
138.9
171.4
186.7
108.0
181.4
149.1
81.6
92.3
56.8
43.6
41.5
25.9
50.5
164.5
102.3
54.1
13.9
180.0
89.9
67.6
82.9
67.1
160.0
157.6
127.2
163.5
169.0
98.8
167.7
118.1
65.6
88.8
40.5
29.8
21.1
16.2
32.8
120.5
86.0
47
48
46
50
42
45
47
45
50
44
48
54
46
49
60
62
68
70
69
73
69
55
73
51
54
57
48
50
49
51
51
48
49
57
48
51
62
64
71
73
73
75
72
57
61
27.9
17.2
73
75
67.9
81.6
18.2
81.2
57.6
51.8
78.9
98.0
58.2
98.2
75.6
66.4
78.0
79.5
80.8
119.0
74.5
76.3
118.1
170.4
136.2
177.9
36.9
136.7
127.5
96.8
169.0
183.6
153.6
210.6
117.2
205.1
181.3
54.7
25.9
86.0
41.5
52.6
103.6
126.6
106.0
146.4
21.3
114.9
100.6
77.6
125.8
160.6
78.3
175.6
112.1
124.5
124.1
54
51
48
58
55
49
49
53
50
69
50
55
58
48
45
46
47
57
48
46
52
53
47
62
52
48
54
56
55
74
55
58
64
54
48
56
51
58
54
51
46.7
119.2
72.9
124.8
235.5
126.0
64.8
185.3
110.1
56
40
55
59
47
57
2 300
4 070
24.7
2 884
3 120
530
1 950
3 050
1 600
316
370
230
1 330
650
630
340
400
180
190
230
530
180
270
6 604
7 480
1 220
4 700
6 960
3 300
1 013
780
570
3 540
1 100
610
1 410
440
600
240
610
1 000
360
1 200
54.2
50.5
82.6
48.2
52.3
77.1
102.8
86.6
94.6
31.6
94.9
67.0
63.8
105.3
111.4
112.0
113.9
77.9
97.0
112.5
530
150
300
1 070
340
560
67.0
145.5
78.7
rate
2011
Under-5 mortality
86.3
108.3
57.9
45.4
52.7
42.8
96.4
79.2
108.2
97.1
63.8
110.6
79.6
49.3
58.2
25.6
18.0
12.8
28.2
76.0
56.6
20.3
62.6
29.6
69.0
TABLE 2: Demographic indicators (continued)

GNI per capita
current US$
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Infant mortality
US$
2000
US$
2011
rate
2000
rate
2011
15 092
3 938
23 144
8 594
22.2
28.1
8 490
7 460
12 060
9 740
12.7
18.1
20 350
9 090
3 110
1 000
14.1
17.7
3 690
2 040
13.8
15.1
22.2
59.1
3 860
10 720
4 840
2 350
3 710
2 620
12 280
6 110
7 660
3 500
2 620
1 330
2 110
Under-5 mortality
rate
2000-01*
rate
2010-11*

total
years
2000
years
2010
25.7
32.3
17.8
22.3
74
72
76
74
14.8
19.7
14.1
39.3
16.7
17.3
25.2
77.1
16.2
19.7
17.6
50.6
74
74
72
75
74
63
76
75
75
77
76
66
31.2
13.9
33.6
15.6
70
73
9.1
21.1
11.0
6.6
7.7
15.4
8.6
4.5
10.4
24.3
12.3
8.1
8.7
17.7
10.1
5.8
77
71
78
76
79
73
79
79
7 090
5 240
4 140
3 480
31.3
28.1
28.0
20.9
19.6
13.1
37.0
32.9
31.6
24.7
22.8
15.2
71
73
70
73
75
72
4 150
7 220
13.1
10.3
15.5
12.8
73
76
1 730
890
2 870
24.2
29.4
52.9
18.2
46.2
47.9
98.5
33.5
24.8
30.4
35.9
70.0
21.4
19.0
68
64
58
70
70
71
70
62
73
73
27.5
16.6
74
77
12.6
940
3 310
700
1 970
4 980
37.2
38.9
73.2
28.8
21.5
5 010
9 240
24.1
730
3 730
1 350
2 060
10 550
1 170
7 910
2 970
5 500
34.1
21.0
29.0
29.8
21.6
16.7
19.1
14.1
40.4
25.1
33.8
36.3
25.6
19.5
22.4
18.1
70
74
70
70
77
74
76
72
74
79
6 880
4 170
12 480
6 680
15.1
13.8
15.1
17.9
15.6
71
74
3 130
6 100
18.7
19.5
21.7
20.9
70
72
1 930
5 200
15 040
34.6
28.2
26.0
24.5
38.6
31.6
29.5
27.7
68
68
70
70
7 100
4 100
33 633
11 860
11 920
48 162
14.8
19.0
7.0
16.6
21.5
8.2
10.8
15.6
7.3
22 130
20 290
45 560
5.3
6.2
5.6
78
75
73
77
78
79
66
79
76
74
78
79
81
34 890
2 323
719
1 260
280
170
650
630
48 450
5 034
3 347
8 220
920
870
4 110
1 510
7.1
48.3
52.1
36.5
40.6
75.5
58.7
51.0
8.4
61.9
60.8
40.7
45.3
91.6
69.3
59.4
7.5
44.0
45.3
29.2
31.7
63.3
52.5
49.6
77
67
66
66
69
64
64
67
78
70
68
68
69
67
65
68
52.8
44.6
27

GNI per capita
current US$
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
28
Infant mortality
US$
2000
US$
2011
4 336
26 570
14 640
930
8 950
35 160
26.8
4 940
28.8
41.8
35 040
460
9 910
1 135
14 960
290
560
280
3 420
45 180
2 320
20 870
3 322
1 050
24 500
1 930
2 210
42 930
4 420
390
501
1 260
1 319
380
720
450
1 630
2 140
220
470
860
4 361
660
610
10 940
13 440
750
770
2 070
1 410
rate
2000
rate
2011
26.3
Under-5 mortality
rate
2000-01*
rate
2010-11*

total
years
2000
years
2010
74
83
81
73
69
30.6
15.3
32.7
48.9
15.9
33.2
72
81
79
71
65
4.3
59.4
5.7
45.0
9.4
94.5
50.5
76.4
10.1
81.7
37.3
3.7
17.9
102.8
32.5
85.0
132.8
80.0
85.2
85.0
41.4
45.3
78.9
93.0
18.4
40.6
28.3
66.4
12.2
6.2
31.3
42.3
6.6
27.2
12.5
17.8
29.3
20.1
12.1
19.1
22.0
32.8
11.7
96.9
10.5
17.6
12.8
19.9
6.3
10.4
9.0
22.9
25.7
20.3
11.2
17.6
6.4
3.2
30.7
4.9
30.3
7.2
42.5
31.8
41.9
6.5
62.4
25.4
2.6
12.3
54.1
22.6
63.1
103.9
46.0
53.7
61.3
26.2
10.7
48.0
73.7
12.6
31.1
17.5
46.4
10.0
3.1
21.5
38.6
4.5
21.1
11.0
9.3
22.6
8.7
7.7
9.9
15.9
15.2
6.6
76.5
7.2
10.9
6.1
12.7
4.1
6.6
6.1
16.0
13.6
12.5
8.0
10.7
4.8
81
63
76
67
76
57
66
61
72
62
67
78
73
56
72
62
45
65
61
62
70
70
62
63
71
70
71
67
74
78
72
71
79
72
74
71
71
74
76
71
74
69
75
60
74
68
69
72
75
71
74
67
71
65
73
68
77
83
68
81
70
78
63
69
67
74
65
68
82
74
62
75
66
48
69
67
65
73
77
68
65
75
73
74
71
75
79
73
68
82
73
75
72
73
73
78
74
76
74
77
65
77
71
70
74
77
74
76
69
73
69
75
70
80
80
79
75
81
10 410
40 760
1 070
27 087
9 484
5 830
6 550
18 520
12 730
12 480
1 980
7 910
10 400
16 070
3 120
41 965
3.3
48.6
4.9
34.8
7.3
76.4
37.6
60.1
9.1
61.5
29.4
2.9
15.9
85.7
26.2
65.0
94.9
62.0
65.0
64.2
35.3
41.3
61.8
75.9
16.4
33.0
26.3
56.7
10.7
5.4
28.6
34.4
5.6
23.9
10.5
16.3
26.1
17.7
10.5
17.6
19.4
28.4
10.6
71.4
9.2
15.6
10.9
17.7
5.6
9.5
8.3
20.2
23.2
17.8
9.9
15.9
5.5
60 390
15 200
4.6
8.4
5.5
10.1
3.9
4.1
25 440
48 420
3.5
4.2
3.0
78
77
70
79
77
30 800
35 020
3.0
3.7
2.6
80
17 830
1 790
18 950
4 730
1 560
7 130
8 390
990
4 170
420
13 752
2 055
1 380
1 620
4 580
4 600
370
1 690
1 710
5 440
700
25 705
43 420
31 830
830
2 940
1 130
8 420
6 530
540
1 120
2 580
10 846
3 360
5 290
2 860
2 640
28 930
4 380
9 110
80 440
17 820
25.5
5.6
36.2
24.8
33.8
5.6
47.9
20.2
10.6
45.8
36.7
42.0
47.2
9.2
39.0
15.6
8.6
2.6
8.0
7.3
6.4
11.5
5.6
57.0
13.8
80

GNI per capita
current US$
US$
2000
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
US$
2011
Infant mortality
rate
2000
rate
2011
Under-5 mortality
rate
2000-01*
rate
2010-11*

total
years
2000
years
2010
38 580
5.8
6.7
4.1
77
80
3 210
3 200
35 860
12 350
12 280
88 890
14.5
9.4
3.8
16.1
11.2
4.7
8.9
6.2
3.2
70
72
79
73
73
81
29 490
26 010
15 200
1 170
18 790
1 510
5 220
53 230
37 780
27 839
3 980
4.0
6.5
7.3
25.0
4.8
9.3
8.0
2.9
5.3
4.8
14.3
3.5
7.7
5.3
80
78
78
74
81
80
80
77
4 780
13 850
3.4
5.6
6.6
23.3
4.0
8.2
7.3
74
73
75
76
12 460
25 030
6.8
7.2
4.6
78
80
21 010
10 510
35 330
5.3
7.5
12.0
6.7
11.9
5.2
6.4
15.6
3.9
6.1
7.2
3.6
1.9
7.4
3.0
4.5
9.6
79
78
75
76
81
71
75
79
73
82
81
74
79
83
73
79
82
75
21 920
12.8
6.7
12 100
7 060
21 250
4.8
6.5
11.3
5.5
1 400
11 150
15 420
1 830
5 252
23 610
30 990
4 730
11.0
4.5
5.5
14.3
25 753
26 000
25 430
24 270
25 300
79 660
43 660
82 960
26 580
40 270
15 287
20 002
21 260
13 760
45 691
48 300
46 160
42 420
43 980
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.4
4.4
5.3
3.9
5.3
5.4
5.6
5.2
5.2
5.5
4.7
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.2
4.1
2.1
3.3
78
78
78
79
78
81
80
80
81
80
78
80
5.1
4.7
23.9
5.3
5.1
6.0
4.7
6.0
5.6
30.9
6.3
6.1
7.2
4.2
4.5
24.8
4.9
4.7
5.9
78
80
75
79
79
79
81
82
77
82
82
81
1 259
2 230
14 020
620
1 020
1 430
2 370
1 715
3 680
48.2
19.0
14.1
62.6
21.8
52.5
16.4
1 480
1 110
2 870
3 126
54.0
25.4
19.5
37.0
44.8
18.4
11.4
70.7
29.6
21.9
46.0
57.8
21.6
13.2
42.0
64
69
76
62
67
71
73
76
1 380
2 850
2 220
2 110
3 910
2 900
38.5
33.5
48.0
41.5
61
68
75
59
63
68
68
74
60
65
67
6 250
8 288
7 250
3 386
19.7
18.5
24.3
21.2
17.7
70
71
74
72
75
78 130
49 730
76 380
1 896
6.5
8.7
15 970
69
1 420
3 190
19.3
16.0
22.3
18.7
69
72
2 030
3 580
5 010
16.8
13.2
19.1
15.4
71
72
29
TABLE 3: Economy
Gross domestic product
total current US$
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
30
Value added, share of GDP

agriculture
industry
services
trade
Share of GDP
FDI
ODA
billion
US$
2000
billion
US$
2011
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
2010
2010
2010
31 972
589
66
1
0
1
1
8
13
4
2
5
68 474
1 825
188
2
1
2.9
14.0
27.4
35.2
46.3
25.3
34.6
21.8
18.6
12.1
71.8
51.4
50.9
46.3
41.6
3
32
34
10
6
11
14.5
41.9
23.1
29.1
30.5
3.5
22.4
12.6
19.2
16.0
16.1
26.6
63.0
45.5
57.7
54.9
53.4
69.9
13
32.0
24.2
2
1
6
1
32.2
1.8
6
10
3
7
35
9
10
1
1
3
4
1
5
17
24
19
10
206
101
25
2
9
15
16
20
17
0
619
189
230
2.3
2.3
3.4
0.0
1.7
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
77.8
116.3
2.6
1.0
0.6
9.9
2.8
4.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.0
43.8
71.3
8.6
0.2
15.0
17.9
52.8
80.3
41.5
0.8
17.4
0.2
0.1
23.4
27.1
20.7
12.8
20.1
10.1
25.4
26.5
37.7
22.9
47.5
60.2
51.1
46.4
41.5
64.3
32.5
29.8
57.7
63.8
79.1
126.3
84.3
105.3
61.0
56.5
14.8
28.7
3.7
42.9
3.2
3.7
76.8
24.0
92.6
60.6
19.4
33.0
4.2
35.6
12.9
6.9
13.9
40.5
62.1
36.7
46.6
31.0
49.3
58.1
52.3
47.5
3.2
1.9
10.7
1.4
2.5
3.9
0.0
3.6
9.1
23.5
22.4
4.8
1.3
12.3
2.3
1.4
2.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
100
15.1
29.9
55.1
75.9
1.4
0.0
12
55
27.2
39.8
33.0
38.7
3.1
0.0
21
46
8.3
33.3
58.3
102.8
3.2
0.0
145
6
1
4
133
2
84
2
3
10
1
1
5
3
0
1
2
1
2
46
445
18
2
12
408
4
368
7
10
24
2
1
39
5
1
1
11
4
6
236
3.3
2.5
7.8
7.3
2.4
7.9
25.2
31.8
46.8
33.7
19.6
30.6
45.8
26.0
64.9
50.8
58.5
73.1
67.0
46.3
48.8
57.8
72.9
157.7
83.9
54.9
123.0
71.7
42.3
24.3
10.4
29.9
27.3
13.0
30.3
17.8
12.0
25.3
47.2
45.4
71.8
58.1
47.4
39.4
76.7
105.7
60.8
70.6
74.1
69.1
0.6
1.8
5.4
7.1
0.3
3.7
3.6
1.7
0.4
1.8
6.7
3.6
7.9
2.1
1.1
45.8
1.6
0.4
17.5
3.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
1.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
5
1
1
14
2
4
17.8
44.4
43.2
67.8
46.6
91.1
1.8
4.5
1.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
259
55
100
34
37
55.3
62.8
72.4
42.6
43.9
65.4
100.0
139.8
64.9
97.3
134.5
16.3
46.2
23.7
18.2
15.9
37.5
58.4
37.4
40.9
135.6
TABLE 3: Economy (continued)

total current US$
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan

agriculture
industry
services
billion
US$
2000
billion
US$
2011
12 763
2 135
22 428
5 598
1.9
5.9
1
284
2
6
3
1
8
1
446
8
4
1
24
645
trade
Share of GDP
FDI
ODA
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
2010
2010
2010
21.4
31.1
76.7
63.0
33.7
47.3
1.8
2.4
0.0
0.0
2.0
9.1
19.9
26.3
78.1
64.6
102.8
40.1
8.4
1.9
0.0
0.0
2.2
3.0
16.0
23.2
81.8
73.8
91.6
99.7
0.0
11.7
34.1
54.2
75.5
11.2
16.3
6.9
3.2
2 477
5.5
27.5
67.0
22.8
2.3
0.0
75
100
16
31
249
332
41
3.4
6.8
7.0
5.0
39.1
31.6
27.4
20.5
57.5
61.6
65.6
74.5
70.0
33.6
78.4
38.6
7.0
2.4
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
24
16
13
0
56
67
23
13.2
6.1
7.5
12.7
14.9
32.5
40.9
27.0
71.9
61.4
51.6
60.2
86.1
56.3
71.6
69.1
5.2
3.2
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.3
13.9
80.7
69.9
7.7
0.0
19
1
4
7
9
47
40.5
21.0
29.9
33.1
29.6
45.9
62.1
7
17
15
12.4
5.9
26.4
21.1
61.2
73.0
74.5
108.5
70.8
2.1
11.9
2.3
5.2
1.6
0.0
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.0
581
1 155
3.7
34.1
62.2
62.0
2.0
0.0
4
12
7
53
62
7
31
24
177
21.5
4.0
22.0
7.8
0.6
31.1
16.9
19.2
33.7
50.1
47.4
79.1
58.8
58.4
49.3
112.3
143.1
112.1
48.4
170.2
7.7
8.8
1.9
4.8
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
1
1
1
1.7
3.2
16.4
16.6
81.8
80.2
69.3
107.5
17.9
9.2
0.0
0.0
6.9
19.2
73.9
84.0
15.3
0.0
1
8
22
10.9
0.6
37.8
52.4
51.3
47.0
5.9
2.6
0.0
0.0
10.1
24.7
65.2
1.1
0.8
19.6
7.8
79.3
91.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
60.7
4.1
0.3
1.6
7.0
1.5
29.0
60.2
73.7
73.2
141.4
76.3
106.3
61.8
1.6
2.3
6.5
7.3
9.1
0.3
10.4
2.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
23
117
10 628
3
725
1
47
316
16 830
9 899
8 870
37
18
1
1
3
14
15 094
21 920
268
186
6
7
24
45
1 736
1.2
5.0
12.9
5.3
19.8
19.9
12.0
18.9
20.0
31.2
37.6
44.3
28.7
20.2
54.0
36.1
78.8
63.8
49.5
50.4
51.5
60.0
34.0
45.0
52.9
45.6
31.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
31

total current US$
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
32

agriculture
industry
services
trade
Share of GDP
FDI
ODA
billion
US$
2000
billion
US$
2011
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
2010
2010
2010
6 639
169
6
1 198
14 591
244
36
7 318
2.8
0.1
0.0
10.0
29.7
7.4
7.4
46.6
67.5
92.6
92.6
43.3
51.0
440.3
156.7
55.2
2.0
31.7
12.3
3.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4 731
1
533
601
6
4
165
2
94
5 867
9
1 116
2 082
1.2
15.3
2.6
10.9
0.8
36.0
16.9
30.8
10.6
27.4
36.3
39.3
40.0
66.8
23.3
44.9
34.7
44.4
71.5
48.3
58.2
49.2
32.5
40.7
38.3
34.5
45.0
29.2
117.1
102.0
156.9
114.3
113.6
47.5
73.5
176.8
0.0
23.5
0.0
4.5
4.0
7.0
1.9
3.9
3.9
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
81
96
123
0
31
720
225
240
346
1
124
2 272
20
111
2
1 848
13.0
0.0
12.4
30.0
26.6
43.5
56.9
73.4
44.1
71.4
385.9
135.1
19.7
18.3
29.9
18.4
18.7
17.2
40.6
27.3
22.2
28.6
43.2
26.4
39.7
54.4
47.9
53.0
38.1
56.4
165.3
47.5
69.0
43.4
0.7
18.1
3.0
32.0
7.5
1.4
0.4
0.9
1.3
1.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.0
2
19
211
59
2 707
10
63
3.1
38.1
21.6
13.7
6.3
20.7
5.8
14.5
15.3
25.3
27.8
41.6
37.1
66.8
82.3
46.6
53.1
58.5
52.2
42.2
27.4
107.6
46.0
32.3
52.5
80.0
65.4
73.9
7.2
18.2
74.6
86.7
87.3
3.3
31.1
65.6
6.2
21.4
72.4
71.8
116.8
86.4
64.7
7.9
0.5
1.1
1.0
2.5
6.1
1.1
0.7
3.5
7.0
1.8
2.4
6.4
0.1
11.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
96.7
71.1
48.0
146.7
65.1
78.5
85.3
121.8
117.4
132.5
166.6
85.7
117.8
53.2
51.5
163.8
104.3
75.3
2.0
4.3
4.8
2.5
1.2
1.3
0.2
2.9
1.2
2.5
3.3
3.1
29.2
1.9
3.4
1.8
2.9
0.6
4.8
2.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
47
0
475
101
1
5
74
16
872
2
5
8
9
3
26
125
8
38
17
4
20
18
188
19
267
104
10
9 268
660
13
13
59
46
171
1
37
260
29
31
2 315
6
160
6
1
122
9
13
847
8
279
25
14
115
243
29
177
42
72
173
577
49.7
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
2.5
22.9
9.2
0.9
7.7
1.6
4.7
8.1
5.3
59.8
30.6
27.1
55.5
29.4
24.7
32.3
41.0
31.4
37.8
46.5
63.8
43.6
62.9
73.6
63.0
50.9
63.4
3.5
3.5
13.5
7.0
4.0
3.9
8.3
1.0
31.0
31.6
12.4
25.4
36.7
34.9
31.4
23.7
65.4
64.8
74.2
67.6
59.3
61.2
60.3
75.3
333
22
1.2
21.9
76.9
95.4
152.0
2.5
8.2
0.0
0.0
266
2.9
29.0
68.1
79.4
2.9
0.0
14
7.2
25.2
67.6
102.2
2.1
0.0
773
360
34
20 909
3 284
55
54
215
140
514
7
180
1 858
96
165
4 379

total current US$
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu

agriculture
industry
services
billion
US$
2000
billion
US$
2011
98
2
217
1.0
8
11
168
28
43
486
247
1 477
1 995
4
1
6
22
124
299
1 104
4
1
117
1
8
20
580
4
2 195
9
5
238
1.9
1.9
10.1
2.4
25.2
32.7
20.0
23.1
51
50
1 491
10
2.5
2.7
11.1
4 298
192
233
1 326
1 886
2
20
3
385
250
482
468
417
52
8 805
418
512
2 773
3 571
trade
Share of GDP
FDI
ODA
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
2010
2010
2010
31.9
67.1
183.1
13.2
0.0
4.1
3.5
1.6
21.8
28.2
40.2
74.1
68.3
58.2
109.0
138.2
69.9
1.5
2.1
2.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
538
2 432
4 441
13
1.8
0.7
2.3
20.0
26.4
21.7
25.5
19.4
71.8
77.6
72.2
60.6
93.2
62.8
57.5
81.0
0.4
2.4
1.4
9.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18
64
8.7
5.5
26.2
27.4
65.1
67.1
92.3
77.2
1.4
0.7
0.0
0.0
51.9
0.1
0.0
72.9
65.4
69.9
74.5
55.2
172.9
99.2
69.2
0.5
12.2
18.5
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
31.6
26.0
27.5
65.9
71.3
60.9
130.3
56.1
113.9
4.1
0.8
3.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.2
1.5
0.7
1.8
0.9
23.9
29.1
21.8
19.1
28.2
74.9
69.4
77.5
79.2
71.0
88.3
103.6
157.2
53.3
88.2
4.5
6.7
17.7
1.3
1.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
59
0.3
13.3
86.4
298.8
392.3
0.0
836
636
1 392
1 372
1 372
2.0
1.1
3.3
2.4
2.3
23.9
27.1
21.4
21.3
19.8
74.1
71.8
75.4
76.4
77.9
148.6
95.8
43.4
41.7
39.9
54.8
1.4
4.1
2.5
2.5
2.7
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9
2
3
4
0
0
1
18
4
28.4
12.1
33.2
19.8
38.4
68.6
110.4
117.4
3.6
6.2
0.1
0.0
13
1
1
1
35.9
38.9
19.7
28.6
44.6
6.1
9.9
9.5
19.5
55.0
70.4
61.8
108.9
92.6
102.4
0.3
35.1
5.6
3.2
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
28.6
9.5
61.8
2.4
5.3
3.4
0.1
0.5
0.4
0
4
0
1
15.1
23.2
61.7
83.3
1.4
1.9
0.2
0.2
9.8
28.2
62.0
90.8
0.1
0.3
0
0
0
0
20.3
17.8
61.9
72.4
4.5
4.8
0.2
0.3
33
TABLE 4: Land
total
Land area
forest
agricultural
other
total
Agricultural area
arable
permanent
crops
million ha
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
34
2009
2009
2009
2009
28.3
19.3
19.4
41.9
51.6
0.1
9.1
39.9
19.7
7.2
64.6
88.8
35.0
10.2
69.6
65.0
33.3
2.3
47.3
28.2
14.3
25.5
14.9
6.9
63.7
37.2
8.7
4.7
29.8
43.1
6.3
17.9
17.8
18.1
78.2
11.3
26.8
3.1
2.5
2.4
16.3
38.7
68.8
78.4
78.2
41.9
9.7
99.9
90.9
57.2
77.9
91.3
33.2
7.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.1
89.2
24.2
21.0
0.2
2009
2009
2009
37.6
39.2
50.4
83.7
83.3
73.4
75.2
35.0
48.1
70.2
59.1
48.3
53.3
62.7
18.8
81.1
6.5
70.2
69.9
40.1
31.5
42.4
24.7
46.8
19.8
8.4
39.2
30.9
9.9
10.9
19.9
58.3
28.9
17.4
3.7
8.8
67.3
31.1
22.9
30.2
6.8
1.8
0.2
15.2
12.4
6.1
21.7
34.7
17.2
37.4
49.9
35.0
17.2
88.5
10.9
15.4
38.2
66.8
41.2
48.3
47.0
42.6
36.3
9.2
65.7
68.1
58.4
85.4
28.1
9.4
0.6
0.1
0.1
11.5
31.7
39.3
24.2
9.5
14.9
26.3
9.6
52.6
45.8
8.1
6.2
34.5
9.3
13.5
61.7
82.0
96.2
91.0
21.2
4 889 048
1 161 062
305 094
2 150
155
1 702
7 592
34 985
27 350
40 845
5 572
98
20
49 300
47
2 000
3
44 028
13 962
35 500
23 385
16 400
160 732
58 290
9 363
5 235
49 332
10 560
22 450
306
5 140
56
242 143
41 325
3 689
15 550
30 055
238
16
57.5
63.0
29.5
6.1
13.0
30.9
136 731
9 789
14.7
27.7
265
57
3
82
121
2
606
11
27
32
0
1
23
25
3
10
122
103
127
91
0
63.1
45.6
77.0
47.1
81.7
71.0
47.1
29.8
43.7
63.8
21.8
66.5
68.1
58.0
58.0
27.1
33.7
38.5
34.6
81.8
30.8
10.9
20.4
1.4
8.9
7.6
32.5
12.3
41.7
20.9
32.7
21.0
47.8
22.2
26.8
72.3
45.3
10.3
0.2
1.0
10.4
5.1
26.2
33.9
21.5
43.9
10.7
27.6
56.0
61.3
64.5
7.8
64.1
167 449
25 852
2 339
38 808
99 228
1 222
285 644
3 300
11 965
20 300
88
665
15 500
14 240
1 630
2 610
41 101
39 651
43 782
74 500
12
19
7
5
49.4
47.7
62.1
44.2
38.3
5.6
6.4
14.0
32.2
9 505
3 415
3 380
9.7
15.3
ha/cap
2009
41.0
28.5
35.4
3.4
57.1
meadows
& pastures
%
thousand
ha
2009
13 003
2 965
606
3
0
2
10
100
57
58
9
0
0
79
0
2
0
63
20
89
74
39
650
125
47
62
126
34
227
3
26
0
838
238
100
176
45
46.2
1.7
5.0
18.9
14.7
21.7
1.8
16.4
28.3
6.2
37.6
55.3
51.6
3.4
22.0
30.7
Cropland
per capita
0.0
3.0
2.4
1.5
2.2
4.1
65.0
0.5
6.2
14.0
66.7
0.1
16.1
4.2
0.1
0.7
1.8
0.5
15.0
1.6
0.1
0.6
3.3
22.9
2.9
80.4
2.3
2.3
21.8
1.9
3.3
86.8
69.9
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.2
22.8
85.1
49.6
0.5
9.5
1.0
14.3
2.1
14.5
14.3
28.8
74.2
49.3
13.8
68.2
60.2
28.4
20.0
18.4
15.3
15.5
1.0
34.1
45.6
33.3
0.6
0.0
0.2
0.0
1.0
1.2
4.3
9.1
0.5
21.2
3.4
0.8
18.1
4.8
15.3
8.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
4.0
89.9
99.0
85.5
97.9
84.6
84.5
66.9
16.7
50.1
65.0
28.4
39.1
53.5
75.1
66.3
76.6
84.3
99.0
65.7
50.3
66.7
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.1
1.0
0.2
40.5
31.8
65.1
0.6
3.8
5.3
58.9
64.4
29.6
0.3
0.2
0.4
97.7
36.6
67.6
85.5
73.8
83.3
92.6
21.4
61.1
91.2
94.7
66.8
34.0
90.8
1.8
81.2
79.6
TABLE 4: Land (continued)

total
Land area
forest
agricultural
other
total
Agricultural area
arable
permanent
crops
million ha
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
thousand
ha
2009
Cropland
per capita
meadows
& pastures
%
ha/cap
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
3 889
2 024
0
0
274
0
1
0
2
108
30.7
35.7
28.9
16.9
38.9
48.2
37.8
86.7
47.2
36.4
31.4
12.8
1 193 648
722 358
30.0
20.7
2.5
2.8
67.6
76.5
0.4
0.3
29.5
51.3
11.1
1.4
44.2
6.7
34.1
40.5
47.4
61.1
22.3
10.8
2.2
51.4
19.4
61.9
53.1
13
140 500
2
14
19
152
36 954
61.5
22.1
100.0
57.1
84.2
46.1
10.1
7.7
0.7
30.8
77.2
28.6
5.3
21.1
0.6
14.3
10.5
32.9
89.3
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.4
846
0
0
74
111
5
11
31.3
46.7
11.2
21.2
38.3
35.3
62.5
61.7
24.3
52.9
21.8
54.6
50.6
26.6
7.1
29.1
35.8
57.0
7.0
14.2
10.8
264 500
7
3
15 742
42 540
1 800
6 655
23.1
14.3
7.4
8.1
4.2
11.1
54.8
2.8
14.3
18.5
2.9
3.7
16.7
5.6
74.1
71.4
74.1
89.0
92.1
72.2
39.5
0.4
0
5
25
2
1
8
0
0
11
20
3
11
1
0
194
0
12
7
40
128
1
32.7
51.1
30.3
74.5
91.2
0.3
36.8
25.6
41.0
8.5
66.8
28.5
41.5
25.5
52.9
30.0
42.8
30.0
52.6
16.8
21.4
59.9
40.8
40.5
14.1
0.0
98.4
50.0
38.3
34.7
77.2
3.7
47.5
31.2
45.8
33.4
25.0
26.5
43.9
44.7
53.2
61.2
7.4
8.1
29.1
11.4
8.8
1.4
13.3
36.2
24.3
14.2
29.5
24.0
27.4
28.8
13.7
45.0
30.8
26.1
2.7
30.0
17.3
24
2 467
7 534
1 544
1 110
23
12
43
4 395
1 675
1 840
3 190
449
27
102 833
3
5 146
2 230
20 900
21 440
190
24.5
32.4
15.9
43.8
67.3
19.1
17.9
14.9
0.3
0.1
0.2
0.1
50.0
20.0
48.6
34.1
25.1
57.1
32.0
26.7
38.9
24.4
66.7
36.9
24.6
18.2
17.0
31.6
17.4
72.0
7.4
21.5
1.5
16.3
12.9
22.3
24.4
2.6
4.5
6.6
0.5
3.7
21.1
8.2
48.5
66.2
41.3
100.0
32.6
8.0
44.0
44.4
73.4
26.6
55.2
51.0
36.7
72.9
33.3
58.6
68.8
81.3
79.3
47.4
0
0
21.2
18.0
42.3
77.0
36.5
4.9
6
11
72.7
27.3
3.6
63.6
23.6
9.1
0.1
0.1
25.6
68.3
6.1
10
50.0
30.0
20.0
0.1
16
1
0
0
18
88
1 865
0
909
41
0
915
3 094
393
270
19
14
47
43
0.5
10.5
1.1
11.4
84.6
24.3
25.3
14.8
7.4
0.6
13.0
44.1
53.0
72.1
77.2
55.4
33.9
69.4
62.6
94.6
44.3
36.2
58.3
9.7
52.8
32.9
20.0
34.1
0.0
12.7
33.2
19.1
3.1
1.2
4.9
2.9
8.8
7.7
4.9
45.2
62.7
30.3
5.7
22.9
41.8
65.2
58.5
99.4
74.3
22.7
28.0
24.8
21.5
39.8
63.1
21.8
29.6
81
54
1
4
14 807
21 400
471 290
1
67 600
235
3
403 451
1 638 836
283 108
208 480
10 617
4 750
32 610
26 651
71.3
46.3
100.0
25.0
12.7
12.9
44.1
100.0
66.7
7.4
40.7
21.4
13.0
25.0
0.2
3.0
2.1
50.0
87.1
84.1
53.8
10.4
22.9
100.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.1
0.6
0.0
1.5
0.7
4.7
0.2
0.0
0.7
2.8
0.2
1.3
59.0
66.7
88.6
88.7
87.3
81.6
94.1
82.5
100.0
40.3
28.9
11.2
11.2
12.0
15.6
5.7
16.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.5
1.5
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.2
35

total
Land area
forest
agricultural
other
total
Agricultural area
arable
permanent
crops
million ha
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
36
thousand
ha
2009
Cropland
per capita
meadows
& pastures
%
ha/cap
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
1 146
0
0
1 865
12
56.7
5.7
22.1
21.4
649 489
6
18.4
66.7
2.3
16.7
80.0
16.7
0.1
0.0
56.2
24.1
21.9
48.1
21.9
27.8
1 048 636
2 905
21.0
91.2
2.7
7.1
76.3
1.7
0.1
0.1
36
155
10
434
1
18
181
23
33
65
30
0
51
1
31
640
65
13
4
297
163
0
14
77
6
481
3
8
0
1
7
43
2
9
2
1
1
31
1
215
18
77
8
53
2 207
1 805
20
11
8
9
30
3
23
1 638
5
58
164
12.6
74.5
19.1
28.6
2.2
31.5
29.6
10.2
24.0
19.0
40.1
1.0
38.7
25.2
33.1
48.3
58.1
70.3
13.2
60.5
29.8
26.7
29.6
34.1
41.6
56.8
61.6
57.6
10.3
13.5
36.1
20.1
24.1
11.5
8.5
67.3
61.0
5.9
5.6
80.7
75.7
50.6
6.8
44.4
21.4
17.4
44.0
46.3
54.9
63.9
53.0
75.2
58.8
13.2
40.1
71.2
23.3
68.5
7.1
64.1
49.6
72.4
57.9
52.5
68.6
62.5
49.1
25.5
3.3
37.1
50.7
44.0
14.5
2.1
11.1
84.3
23.0
6.8
3.0
25.4
2.2
29.9
3.9
9.3
11.3
0.7
18.7
39.5
1.9
7.1
1.1
0.3
13.4
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.5
2.6
14.6
3.8
1.0
45.5
47.3
42.4
35.7
34.4
22.3
30.6
11.6
28.4
49.4
40.2
16.7
44.0
18.8
18.4
16.8
21.8
25.5
10.6
17.9
21.3
13.5
31.9
34.4
95.7
24.1
24.1
22.8
37.2
39.8
18.6
2.5
16.5
63.4
70.3
45.0
63.7
28.5
39.3
29.1
31.1
89.1
67.7
24.4
78.0
68.7
87.4
91.2
19.4
37.5
94.1
94.4
18.9
21.6
34.9
89.4
54.5
33.1
35.2
13.6
18.0
10.8
13.8
16.4
13.2
12.8
37.4
19.7
12.0
32.7
4 609
115 800
1 854
124 216
11
5 555
53 600
2 346
7 870
12 440
11 950
1
19 795
375
10 272
309 192
37 910
9 149
507
179 963
48 515
8
4 250
26 280
2 610
272 831
1 754
4 757
8
125
2 508
8 750
523
1 025
151
688
367
1 836
65
173 435
13 908
38 911
569
23 452
472 631
314 860
8 927
5 030
4 239
5 783
16 119
2 472
13 523
215 561
1 930
41 276
38 325
93.2
0.8
86.0
55.4
26.3
70.2
44.0
58.0
22.9
88.7
45.2
71.4
77.3
44.0
61.1
69.4
20.6
82.7
14.8
87.8
35.5
50.0
56.5
77.7
46.0
14.2
26.1
39.4
16.7
69.5
17.9
51.4
58.2
19.6
7.5
21.1
27.2
5.4
18.5
1.8
33.6
54.9
11.2
5.0
58.8
62.0
62.1
62.4
75.0
79.3
77.8
73.5
65.0
56.5
71.6
78.7
49.9
6.8
0.0
10.8
30.8
43.9
2.8
35.4
4.6
73.5
8.8
42.3
28.6
18.7
16.0
32.6
5.4
0.3
10.7
4.9
6.5
3.7
37.5
2.8
3.2
37.2
2.1
3.0
4.8
32.1
27.1
4.8
2.9
15.0
8.0
2.5
20.8
31.9
2.0
4.6
0.1
7.1
7.6
35.1
1.2
3.3
1.4
1.3
3.4
1.8
3.4
2.5
12.2
2.7
0.8
1.2
2.2
0.3
0
4
4
0
30
45.4
62.1
22.0
2.1
7.6
4.1
12.8
52.5
0.1
72.9
50.5
25.1
25.6
97.8
19.5
9
2 634
931
3
2 296
46.6
92.3
64.0
100.0
98.3
10
22.8
0.3
77.0
2 281
0.3
99.2
3.1
13.7
29.8
27.0
20.5
37.4
3.6
2.5
12.6
4.0
40.0
6.2
25.2
79.1
6.6
80.3
5.7
60.9
12.5
40.7
19.0
16.9
83.7
70.9
55.8
51.3
3.4
77.4
45.7
26.8
72.4
90.1
58.1
40.9
92.6
76.9
98.0
59.3
37.6
53.6
93.8
37.9
36.6
36.6
34.2
23.2
17.4
19.7
14.3
32.3
42.7
27.2
19.1
49.8
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.7
0.6
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.3
0.6
0.4
0.9
0.3
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.9
53.4
7.5
35.1
0.2
1.5
0.0
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.4
99.7
0.0

total
Land area
forest
agricultural
other
total
Agricultural area
arable
permanent
crops
million ha
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
60.8
74.0
10.6
6.1
28.6
19.9
4 189
42
26.0
12.3
0.1
73.9
87.7
0.2
0.1
6
6
31
29.5
42.9
3.3
53.8
34.3
32.7
16.8
22.8
64.0
1 833
2 689
1 014
63.7
76.4
82.3
0.3
1.0
0.5
36.0
22.6
17.2
0.5
0.6
0.2
41
24
129
3
0
5
6
0
13
7.5
71.6
50.3
44.0
38.3
41.7
23.2
23.8
16.5
15.1
27.7
27.7
15.4
42.5
100.0
6.3
3 079
17 325
65 182
1 204
18
2 128
1 300
85.5
34.9
45.4
50.8
5.6
46.9
66.8
0.3
0.2
15.2
7.2
4.8
6.8
14.2
64.8
39.4
42.0
94.4
48.4
26.4
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.2
63.6
68.7
11.9
34.6
28.4
34.0
42.8
34.2
0.0
30.0
8 199
31.1
14.0
54.9
0.3
29
0
1
9
0
9
2
50
3
47.3
29.1
38.2
40.3
16.7
57.8
23.2
55.5
40.2
30.8
0.9
40.4
37.7
0.0
30.5
62.1
36.1
39.4
21.9
70.0
21.4
22.0
83.3
11.7
14.6
8.4
20.4
13 908
9
514
3 684
1
5 055
468
27 680
1 013
49.5
86.0
33.7
30.5
100.0
65.2
37.4
45.1
41.5
18.7
14.0
3.1
21.1
31.8
5.9
5.6
17.0
3.5
28.9
57.1
37.8
55.1
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.4
0.2
109
8
3
55
35
0
0
50.0
38.4
45.0
53.4
48.4
40.6
50.6
30.6
47.1
22.4
29.0
31.8
43.1
33.5
19.4
14.5
32.6
17.5
19.8
16.2
15.9
54 264
3 168
1 364
29 266
16 886
6
131
62.7
43.3
61.6
62.7
70.7
53.8
47.3
2.6
2.1
1.6
3.6
1.2
34.7
54.6
36.8
33.7
28.1
46.2
51.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
3
4
849
795
768
26
0
53
2
2
45
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
56.8
38.1
49.8
52.9
53.2
43.6
25.0
3.9
22.9
13.7
2.5
3.0
15.3
30.4
35.2
42.0
72.2
31.4
20.0
6.5
10.9
20.3
25.0
12.5
12.2
19.2
10.8
30.9
22.7
19.9
19.6
31.4
11.5
63.0
55.3
45.9
63.7
79.3
36.1
58.5
47.9
15.0
70.2
91.6
0.0
66.3
87.6
48.2
88.8
64.6
41.0
71.9
74.5
60.4
0.0
12.5
33.3
41.9
32.3
31.0
27.5
27.1
27.2
24.9
63.5
33.0
21.8
40.4
33.7
17.7
48.6
25.7
16.9
43.0
1 917
1 525
422 870
420 520
409 029
11 490
1
2 090
418
251
1 150
84
187
96
19
34
13
22
0
3
5
164
5
3
44
5
55.0
26.7
11.4
11.3
11.5
4.1
1.9
1.5
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.1
1.4
1.8
2.2
0.1
22.2
38.3
2.8
22.6
19.0
10.7
9.4
5.3
5.9
15.4
9.1
46.6
19.9
2.0
60.9
71.4
66.8
73.0
52.6
94.1
61.5
77.3
100.0
33.3
40.0
52.7
60.0
33.3
49.4
60.0
43.1
71.8
88.2
88.6
88.4
95.3
100.0
31.3
41.9
95.2
16.5
9.5
22.5
27.4
42.1
67
1
31
2
6
37.3
80.0
27.2
1.5
32.8
22.9
46.9
8.8
25.5
15.9
40.0
44.4
6.7
15.3
ha/cap
7
0
23.7
60.0
43.1
60.0
42.9
meadows
& pastures
%
thousand
ha
2009
2009
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Cropland
per capita
33.3
20.0
30.7
40.0
66.7
5.6
20.0
51.6
16.7
1.5
58.2
100.0
35.5
100.0
83.3
63.2
48.3
23.1
13.6
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
33.3
40.0
19.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
44.9
20.0
0.1
4.5
0.4
12.9
0.3
0.2
37
TABLE 5: Water resources and irrigation

Water resources
per capita
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
38
potential
Irrigation
total area
equipped
thousand
ha
2012
thousand
ha
2009
equipped area actually irrigated

share
%
m3 /yr/cap
m3 /yr/cap
m3 /yr/cap
1990
2000
2010
1 309
29 873
1 842
2 595
1 967
2 135
410
1 718
1 860
982
21 934
1 539
2 300
1 496
1 633
337
1 199
1 471
758
16 269
1 160
2 118
215
0
2
188
2 700
539
1 517
162
33
23
0
1
21
290
103
1 086
59
22
1987
1999
1993
2001
2 003
2000
2002
2002
65
38
62
100
94
51
96
98
16 026
11 928
9 281
3 072
118
2001
34
1 336
1 173
894
86
1 987
2 726
2 828
10 312
1 599
1 575
1 975
2 147
8 037
1 591
9
0
200
9
184
156
174
2003
2 228
3 729
3 778
13 384
1 910
165
1
240
90
2 132
523
366
1998
2002
2002
1999
64
100
100
85
14 320
23 438
49 199
7 154
348 263
35 241
69 519
176 534
18 793
10 628
18 210
39 006
5 230
265 306
25 853
50 000
132 794
15 461
7 756
14 567
32 811
3 830
205 788
19 449
37 143
108 970
13 212
3 700
290
1 900
335
340
7 000
30
440
11
80
29
1
30
2
11
2005
13
1987
2002
1993
51
87
11
461
1 008
162
1 170
2 435
559
382
847
134
1 007
1 887
486
329
706
110
908
1 481
438
510
4 420
40
1 664
2 784
560
570
3 650
470
1 458
1 863
445
2001
2002
2000
2004
2000
80
100
67
98
43
8 857
3 191
12 523
1 359
5 226
6 962
2 663
9 346
1 117
4 239
6 099
2 409
7 762
997
3 803
13
13
47
1 500
93
2
3
8
1 498
50
2002
1999
2002
2000
2000
85
3
100
100
90
5 529
1 341
862
6 482
8 282
3 596
39 243
30 482
109 074
11 530
5 711
4 321
2 934
4 049
1 017
686
4 893
6 168
2 776
27 085
24 980
81 489
8 853
4 313
3 081
2 314
2 982
759
605
4 111
4 630
2 181
22 641
20 462
58 087
6 506
3 295
2 169
1 807
322
165
3
475
80
1 900
520
281
600
566
250
270
2 331
12
30
3
73
2
34
95
25
3
236
45
74
293
2002
2001
1997
1994
1999
2000
75
54
66
92
47
90
1996
100
2000
2004
2005
2004
75
51
89
75
5 358
40 181
4 010
4 082
38 619
3 066
3 120
27 267
2 439
409
807
180
120
30
7
1996
86
2 238
2 740
534
year
4
10
TABLE 5: Water resources and irrigation (continued)

Water resources
per capita
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
m3 /yr/cap
m3 /yr/cap
m3 /yr/cap
1990
2000
2010
839
24 937
667
22 041
584
20 143
78
308
97 632
93 497
67
299
73 904
74 937
58
293
59 455
62 689
55 015
47 201
69 912
64 211
36 612
3 606
potential
Irrigation
total area
equipped
thousand
ha
2012
thousand
ha
2009
0
6 128
year
share
%
0
1 650
2011
92
2 000
1
5
4
175
1997
1999
100
100
42 232
29 350
4 500
2006
100
59 792
53 616
28 681
3 433
53 874
46 052
24 125
3 386
2 500
6 589
430
2 700
1 900
900
108
870
2007
2011
1997
1997
91
36
100
85
2 919
41 360
4 731
2 444
34 378
4 247
2 115
29 340
4 074
710
3 136
200
275
960
45
2004
2000
71
73
1 145 299
812 121
580 087
6
2
2007
100
12 473
332 414
1 969
19 622
3 976
9 905
328 786
1 623
15 428
3 642
7 735
319 629
1 404
12 621
3 431
2 620
2003
100
143
500
188
200
150
92
80
25
1991
2006
2009
71
69
100
5 423
4 574
4 031
9 766
6 300
2003
84
47 707
61 258
79 171
88 214
2 012
38 747
50 068
62 874
73 970
1 862
33 967
42 081
52 053
65 791
1 894
700
187
61
43
67
1 196
22
2001
1997
2012
1998
2005
85
81
100
93
72
585
522
462
6 411
0
3
1
299 754
3 160
261 242
2 972
232 381
2 864
30
57
7
1998
1997
100
85
44 709
62 637
41 880
50 641
41 259
42 547
1 760
1 700
218
580
1998
2008
100
93
104 762
94 629
85 310
855
2010
100
12 114
10 864
9 888
23 000
2005
83
6 546
11 138
3 013
6 739
2 457
7 328
9 879
2 589
5 492
2 035
6 839
9 177
2 323
4 903
1 837
3 556
1 018
719
1 800
4 223
2010
2005
2 009
2006
2005
61
100
91
100
88
3 768
2 247
1580
2 353
4 915
39

Water resources
per capita
Eastern Asia
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
Aland Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
40
m3 /yr/cap
m3 /yr/cap
m3 /yr/cap
1990
2000
2010
2 424
3 830
2 188
3 370
2 070
3 169
3 517
15 869
1 622
3 420
14 434
1 516
3 398
12 627
1 447
33 730
49 948
10 952
79 556
31 852
29 744
7 772
199
7 685
11 057
13 175
25 994
38 250
9 461
62 723
24 770
25 980
6 196
153
6 945
9 898
11 226
21 303
33 675
8 417
53 782
20 422
24 352
5 136
118
6 345
7 309
10 064
4 988
11 657
139 535
2 187
2 506
137
11 016
2 207
3 046
2 844
9 468
136 602
1 813
2 104
110
8 614
1 708
2 817
2 069
8 252
107 438
1 560
1 859
95
7 016
1 422
2 531
2 192
2 526
4 276
182
827
13 344
3 169
296
194
10
1 203
262
618
98
120
1 051
3 357
49
118
2 513
3 774
92
707
14 552
2 387
240
151
7
1 065
207
503
33
87
823
2 936
20
87
2 690
5 767
2 661
1 284
10 185
1 608
2 837
9 548
30 717
9 269
2 855
6 045
2 842
1 253
10 417
1 609
3 261
9 862
31 534
9 172
3 072
1 167
8 154
1 124
9 344
1 081
9 553
22 062
21 264
20 503
666 667
604 982
531 250
235
1 017
11 599
4 352
396
274
10
1 527
402
749
122
149
1 363
3 946
83
176
5 653
2 415
10 023
1 619
2 670
9 131
30 399
potential
Irrigation
total area
equipped
thousand
ha
2012
thousand
ha
2009
70 000
year
share
%
64 540
1 460
2006
1995
86
93
518
1 782
2 506
84
806
1993
1993
100
75
10 886
600
414
10 500
3 126
1
285
6 722
310
365
2 275
1 540
1995
2006
2005
2005
100
90
100
87
2004
2006
100
100
6 415
35
4 600
2007
2002
2005
79
83
100
139 500
15 000
3 199
5 100
28
66 700
9 133
2002
2008
2007
2008
2006
59
100
100
94
77
2 178
21 300
570
1 168
20 200
570
2008
2006
100
81
666
3 200
4
37
725
5 554
274
1 433
4
46
433
3 525
225
95
11
90
21
59
13
1 731
1 238
5 215
230
680
2006
64
2000
2007
100
68
1990
55
2004
2007
95
82
2001
2004
2001
100
100
49
2006
2003
87
100
2003
2007
2007
2007
2007
2011
2007
2008
2007
27
69
52
62
62
14
28
79
23
5 500
131
102
21
140
116
228
3 157
4 300
135
2 175
150
435
4
2007
2010
58
71
77
2010
22
12 245
9 400
6 933
85
25
178
80
52
8 500
1 500
5 500
29 000

Water resources
per capita
m3 /yr/cap
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
m3 /yr/cap
m3 /yr/cap
1990
2000
2010
14 727
13 670
11 633
13 272
6 690
90 073
14 864
7 114
85 059
15 742
7 491
78 231
20 329
2 560
19 639
2 487
12 679
5 955
potential
Irrigation
total area
equipped
thousand
ha
2012
thousand
ha
2009
year
share
%
1998
100
1
1
104
2007
2007
2007
75
75
48
18 550
2 361
160
213
2007
2007
34
91
13 574
4 855
10 152
23 413
13 015
3 713
9 973
23 961
365
7 307
6 758
6 537
1 555
2007
82
3 366
137
3 357
127
3 159
121
6 922
6 647
6 435
3 950
3
2
584
2007
2007
2010
2007
67
88
100
72
16 616
2 867
3 353
16 055
2 768
3 186
16 457
15 700
2 420
3 105
89
10
3 818
128
2010
46
10 129
1 842
3 721
1 947
9 706
1 798
3 573
1 870
9 257
1 708
3 361
1 871
117
23
2 600
485
2007
2007
2007
2006
37
24
57
45
8 117
7 126
6 114
6 111
8 016
5 737
7 464
5 478
6 981
460
25
2007
44
28 779
96 233
25 673
84 759
22 094
74 863
2 550
619
2007
82
39 217
35 160
33 159
192 641
144 194
148 912
109 291
116 798
83 086
200
3
31
36
41
TABLE 6: Labour
Employment
female
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
42
Employment in agriculture
male
million
people
2010
million
people
2010
1 204
155
66
2
0
1 828
216
71
2
0
1
18
6
5
3
0
1
21
8
5
3
0
1
6
10
2
3
22
3
4
1
2
1
12
0
0
2
7
10
2
3
24
4
4
1
2
1
12
0
0
16
2
5
1
3
54
8
19
2
8
share of
total
%
2005-10*
female
share of
female
employment
%
2005-10*
Labor force
male
share of
male
employment
%
2005-10*
participation rate
Children in
employment
% of
children
ages 7-14
total
female
male
%
2000-10*
2010
2010
50.6
56.2
77.4
83.7
34.7
35.5
79.6
78.3
61.2
83.5
85.0
43.9
77.3
75.9
84.5
81.9
80.4
67.0
90.0
89.9
71.5
88.7
81.2
75.7
86.3
83.0
27.4
86.3
85.2
7.5
37.6
76.2
88.3
73.3
82.9
67.5
62.7
63.9
72.5
64.5
68.2
70.2
80.6
56.0
43.2
23.9
14.7
23.5
30.4
25.9
77.0
79.6
90.3
85.7
89.5
75.0
77.0
77.3
85.2
80.2
72.7
72.4
92.3
64.9
76.4
74.1
71.7
74.2
76.9
74.7
43.5
38.2
31.1
34.4
30.8
76.5
25.3
69.7
7
0
0
0
6
0
44
2
4
3
0
0
5
2
0
1
1
0
2
20
9
0
0
0
8
0
57
2
4
5
0
0
5
2
0
1
3
1
3
27
45.9
71.6
58.7
58.4
43.8
43.5
53.2
67.1
77.5
51.5
50.2
72.4
66.8
65.2
67.8
57.8
36.8
28.4
39.8
47.8
62.2
81.5
73.3
69.8
60.4
70.7
71.0
78.3
90.5
81.3
83.1
83.2
71.6
78.3
78.2
64.0
69.7
79.1
90.1
63.0
2
1
1
3
1
1
66.0
66.4
80.3
88.3
68.9
81.2
79.3
61.1
80.4
10.3
68.0
81.1
8.7
54.5
79.8
8.7
7.8
9.5
78.8
65.6
76.5
72.2
81.7
80.0
78.9
68.6
72.7
65.9
35.4
39.3
31.3
24.2
33.7
17.3
31.6
45.6
28.2
40.9
59.2
34.2
29.9
24.3
35.1
16.3
5.1
8.2
3.7
22.7
6.3
84.8
87.2
82.3
57.2
53.2
61.4
48.9
66.0
48.3
63.9
49.5
67.8
56.9
37.8
64.1
33.7
33.0
34.1
54.1
48.2
60.5
11.7
56.0
37.7
26.0
40.3
30.1
43.4
67.0
60.4
30.1
30.5
7.9
4.5
45.6
12.5
2.6
11.2
74.4
42.1
45.7
35.9
48.9
50.5
18.4
23.0
21.3
47.1
40.7
18.5
53.7
38.7
TABLE 6: Labour (continued)

Employment
female
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
male
million
people
2010
million
people
2010
180
105
240
155
10
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
2
40
share of
total
%
2005-10*
2.8
1.2
0.7
2.9
female
share of
female
employment
%
2005-10*
Labor force
male
share of
male
employment
%
2005-10*
participation rate
Children in
employment
% of
children
ages 7-14
total
female
male
%
2000-10*
2010
2010
54.9
53.2
76.4
79.9
0.4
1.8
47.0
74.9
12.9
0.5
5.1
19.5
36.1
3.3
38.3
28.0
34.3
69.3
64.8
48.0
63.8
79.4
76.3
81.8
81.0
32.1
54
17.0
12.2
20.5
59.4
81.0
5.0
3
8
1
2
5
12
1
3
1.9
11.2
17.9
12.3
18.6
5.5
5.0
4.2
8.5
15.4
26.1
17.2
24.7
46.8
55.3
46.0
43.1
74.3
79.7
78.9
70.1
4.1
3.9
5.7
1
2
1
2
4
1
14.5
28.7
20.9
2.1
22.1
4.8
21.0
33.0
32.8
50.8
53.7
47.1
78.7
82.6
78.7
5.8
6.3
7.4
2
0
2
1
0
3
0
2
2
1
33.2
16.0
43.8
10.0
9.6
47.7
28.3
88.3
79.6
70.5
82.9
72.0
18.2
34.6
20.2
48.8
41.3
59.8
41.9
56.0
17
30
13.1
4.0
18.6
43.9
80.5
8.0
1
1
1
6
0
1
1
2
8
1
29.5
17.9
26.5
0.8
1.5
8.4
7.3
19.2
0.5
0.5
41.9
24.2
31.1
1.0
2.3
46.2
49.3
57.4
67.4
35.4
80.0
82.6
86.4
84.7
54.4
10.1
8.9
15.3
42.2
63.9
77.0
55.5
78.5
40.1
54.6
68.7
78.0
0
0
0
0
1
5
75
3.8
1.2
1.8
5.2
1
8
85
11.0
8.5
4.8
1.9
15.6
12.7
53.8
55.4
51.6
57.9
72.5
76.6
80.2
70.3
2.4
1.3
3.3
61.8
71.5
66
710
11
4
1
1
1
4
76
1 186
15
4
1
1
1
7
1.6
0.8
2.3
29.4
34.0
29.2
35.4
31.1
36.9
57.5
48.0
54.2
66.4
55.2
57.3
46.4
47.6
70.2
79.9
75.5
76.8
78.2
74.8
75.7
74.4
33.4
8.7
9.8
3.4
7.3
5.1
3.6
36.6
8.9
5.1
43

Employment
female
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
44
male
million
people
2010
million
people
2010
391
2
0
345
7
482
2
0
422
7
27
1
10
121
0
4
41
2
4
13
14
1
18
0
24
169
1
28
0
114
4
0
8
11
3
18
0
2
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
7
1
1
152
66
2
1
2
2
7
1
4
34
1
11
22
share of
total
%
2005-10*
female
share of
female
employment
%
2005-10*
Labor force
male
share of
male
employment
%
2005-10*
participation rate
female
male
%
2000-10*
2010
2010
65.7
51.0
66.3
67.9
71.8
79.2
68.3
76.9
80.2
83.9
49.5
53.9
49.2
58.1
55.7
79.3
51.0
76.6
43.7
75.0
49.5
56.7
63.8
38.4
73.1
30.9
15.5
56.9
65.5
29.0
16.1
55.1
80.3
22.4
34.6
26.5
49.0
61.1
39.2
57.1
55.6
14.3
52.5
15.3
43.3
22.5
14.7
28.0
52.1
17.4
12.9
28.1
43.7
24.8
51.6
52.6
50.0
48.5
49.3
43.8
48.2
37.9
48.2
56.1
50.9
53.0
56.3
72.0
65.0
71.6
81.9
76.8
86.6
84.2
79.4
77.1
82.0
79.4
77.0
80.2
74.4
81.1
81.0
80.4
84.4
76.0
80.7
71.8
76.4
87.7
83.3
76.2
72.0
69.6
67.8
87.2
71.3
73.8
69.3
62.4
65.4
82.2
70.8
66.3
79.9
95.2
74.2
71.6
71.4
92.0
71.7
66.2
67.3
62.2
60.0
68.2
58.4
64.3
44.5
64.5
70.7
68.0
66.2
68.2
0.2
0.0
39.6
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
36
1
14
166
0
4
68
2
7
14
22
2
21
0
26
468
7
42
0
341
19
0
8
45
6
55
1
2
1
0
1
5
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
4
17
4
4
176
71
2
2
3
2
9
1
5
36
1
11
25
3.7
40.0
6.6
3.7
38.7
6.9
3.8
41.2
6.4
72.2
38.3
75.0
38.0
69.3
39.0
13.5
9.0
16.7
35.2
1.1
41.5
24.0
0.6
39.0
42.3
1.5
43.7
51.7
53.8
49.6
48.1
65.4
51.1
21.2
11.5
68.1
72.1
65.3
30.6
7.1
41.8
59.1
46.2
19.3
14.0
44.7
32.6
75.0
36.6
36.9
30.4
44.2
38.6
49.1
40.2
39.4
37.1
3.8
53.4
23.4
1.7
2.0
2.7
2.6
56.6
50.7
0.7
1.0
0.0
4.8
50.5
17.1
2.5
2.2
3.6
13.4
27.5
10.1
2.3
4.1
14.9
23.7
4.2
0.0
0.2
23.8
39.3
0.2
2.7
4.7
13.6
17.5
5.2
1
0
1
0
0.8
2.8
3.9
5.8
60.0
56.5
69.4
67.7
2.4
4.2
11.1
4.4
2.8
6.0
56.1
64.5
5.5
2.3
8.7
70.8
78.2
6.8
3.1
4.5
12.8
31.1
30.1
9.7
3.2
15.8
8.6
5.2
1.9
2.3
12.5
28.4
31.4
6.7
1.8
15.3
8.2
4.0
6.4
13.1
33.7
29.1
10.5
4.4
Children in
employment
% of
children
ages 7-14
total
10.1
48.9
6.6
18.6
13.3
15.1
19.9
21.3
16.2
15.3
15.9
5.2
31.8
14.7
1.0
6.6
2.6
18.3
11.7
33.5
1.4
17.3

Employment
female
million
people
2010
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
male
million
people
2010
share of
total
%
2005-10*
female
share of
female
employment
%
male
share of
male
employment
%
female
male
%
2000-10*
2010
2010
4.6
1.9
1.1
7.7
52.4
68.3
0
1
1
0
1
1
8.8
9.0
2.5
5.8
6.8
1.0
12.0
11.5
3.9
54.7
53.9
61.5
66.3
63.4
70.2
2
14
24
1
2
16
33
1
2.1
1.2
0.9
0.6
3.2
1.7
44.1
59.3
55.5
45.0
49.7
68.2
68.6
63.8
71.3
0
1
1
1
14.9
16.3
13.7
35.2
46.0
58.5
59.6
12.5
12.7
12.4
44.5
64.9
9
0
14
0
2.8
0.4
4.5
1.8
37.7
35.0
59.6
67.8
10.7
11.1
56.4
68.0
3.6
1
10
0
8.5
2.5
19.8
9.0
5.7
19.6
50.8
53.1
51.5
42.7
67.3
65.2
67.4
68.9
6.9
0
8
0
3.8
1.3
8.6
10.9
0.3
24.0
8.8
4.3
19.7
41
2
2
13
18
47
2
2
14
21
5.2
1.4
2.9
1.6
5.0
0.9
1.8
1.2
5.4
1.7
3.9
2.0
52.8
53.9
47.6
51.2
52.9
65.6
67.8
60.8
62.1
66.7
1.0
0.7
1.3
48.9
65.4
4
2
8
6
5
1
5
2
9
7
6
1
2.8
3.3
1.7
2.4
3.7
4.0
3.3
6.6
2.2
4.4
4.2
8.6
58.3
60.6
60.3
59.2
58.7
61.5
71.5
75.4
73.3
72.8
72.5
74.2
2
0
2
0
1
0
2
0
65.5
39.3
46.8
70.6
53.1
61.3
47.5
47.5
75.0
79.6
68.6
74.1
79.9
79.7
73.8
73.8
47.3
72.1
47.9
66.7
42.9
78.2
53.6
75.2
60.5
2005-10*
participation rate
Children in
employment
% of
children
ages 7-14
total
2.7
2005-10*
Labor force
22.0
10.6
11.8
45
TABLE 7: Inputs
Agricultural
tractors
total
tractors
2000-09*
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
46
Pesticide
use
Fertilizer consumption
per ha of
arable
land and
permanent
crops
per ha of arable land and permanent crops
kg/ha
2005-09*
nitrogen
kg/ha
2009
phosphate
kg/ha
2009
potash
kg/ha
2009
0.2
69.3
11.0
7.5
0.7
25.8
4.4
4.8
0.2
14.8
1.5
1.3
0.2
0.0
0.1
25.5
0.8
7.9
11.1
1.3
19.0
76.4
2.0
8.5
15.4
0.5
4.5
30.1
0.0
0.0
2.4
0.5
4.1
93.7
0.2
2.9
0.9
0.4
0.8
0.3
8.0
0.3
3.7
0.3
5.7
0.8
5.8
18.9
15.3
1.5
0.7
3.2
0.5
1.3
1.8
9.5
0.3
0.1
0.6
0.3
0.4
6.2
2.5
0.8
0.2
1.6
1.6
0.3
1.3
0.1
1.1
0.1
1.9
0.6
5.7
1.5
33.6
2.5
326.8
23.2
21.6
10.0
2.3
61.4
10.6
12.1
1.3
2.2
4.8
0.6
2.7
0.4
4.2
15.5
3.4
8.4
0.2
0.0
25.8
11.2
6.9
1.6
27.1
0.0
11.8
0.0
7.3
1.9
1.9
4.8
3.0
1.1
1.9
2.1
1.0
0.9
1.9
2.1
2.3
1.4
2.0
0.1
3.4
3.5
0.4
1.7
6.0
0.1
1.7
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.7
1.9
0.8
24 800
0.2
1.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.4
645
2.3
1.7
0.9
0.4
0.5
0.0
6
463
12 844
550
14
2 941
56
1 371
21 207
0.9
104 529
103 188
39 733
25 564
40 438
0.2
3 371
63 200
1 550
0.2
8 981
56
1 807
5 388
1 300
390
129
0.1
TABLE 7: Inputs (continued)

Agricultural
tractors
total
tractors
2000-09*
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Pesticide
use
per ha of
arable
land and
permanent
crops
kg/ha
2005-09*
nitrogen
kg/ha
2009
phosphate
kg/ha
2009
potash
kg/ha
2009
49.2
36.7
20.8
24.3
18.3
19.4
2.6
14.9
1.7
9.3
1.7
0.4
24.9
57.4
3.5
23.9
26.7
2.1
10.1
2.8
0.2
35.8
41.0
34.9
200.2
163.3
142.7
7.1
55.7
60.9
32.1
1.8
76.7
40.1
155.9
4.0
4.7
3.7
3.6
8.4
29.3
59.4
62.5
8.1
11.8
12.5
14.0
8.1
0.0
16.3
3.7
5.4
0.6
49.3
15.1
11.8
3.9
4.4
0.1
5 200
2.6
35.6
20.9
8.1
10.2
0.8
1.1
873
238 830
4.5
36.9
5.1
7.2
4.4
6.6
2.4
22.2
24.9
15.1
59.0
3.0
5.4
29.8
22.4
1.8
6.7
19.8
5.3
3.6
5.5
3.3
3.3
15.0
118.2
100.9
13.1
12.1
12.2
33.2
119
36 465
6.7
55.0
77.3
58.9
51.3
18.0
18.1
1.5
31.7
17.4
733 182
1.0
36.7
10.8
4.8
4 389 812
2.2
52 084
25 512
24 319
0.6
0.2
65.9
128.1
23.4
1.3
18.2
55.1
20.4
47.6
7.1
1.1
1.7
0.0
21.4
21.3
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
130.7
40.2
7.9
244 320
59.4
6 000
7.7
7.1
788 053
53 915
10.7
15.3
72 602
1 868
14 652
97
317
853
8 066
25 823
3 255
22
14
112
1 013
5 129
47

Agricultural
tractors
total
tractors
2000-09*
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
48
Pesticide
use
per ha of
arable
land and
permanent
crops
kg/ha
2005-09*
nitrogen
kg/ha
2009
phosphate
kg/ha
2009
potash
kg/ha
2009
9.2
286.4
30.4
108.2
0.0
40.3
0.0
989 139
10.3
296.8
109.4
39.7
2 027 674
4 700
191 631
13.1
120.1
7.8
136.8
69.5
25.4
4.2
68.8
106.0
0.0
89.7
15.3
2.2
4.8
11.9
45.0
0.0
95.1
17.6
2.2
0.2
19.8
127.0
4.2
41.5
3 631.4
74.0
8.8
0.4
6.8
365.7
13.5
46.9
0.4
16.8
0.0
8.2
158.9
92.9
4.5
164.3
16.1
91.7
41.4
2.7
11.2
163.2
83.7
49.0
25.9
9.2
321.8
58.2
33.7
36.2
94.4
18.2
0.0
43.8
71.7
38.9
0.0
50.2
4.7
42.5
18.1
0.4
4.8
44.5
24.2
16.6
0.2
1.3
2.1
42.5
0.4
9.8
16.2
0.0
0.0
23.2
33.1
17.7
0.0
34.9
3.1
21.4
3.6
0.0
0.8
0.8
34.7
5.4
0.0
1.5
15.3
30.1
0.2
9.8
48.9
235.7
40.0
18.2
116.3
2 545.3
37.6
37.1
58.2
243.6
9.5
44.1
24.0
97.7
111.8
69.4
57.5
79.4
6.9
32.4
10.0
61.8
21.1
110.2
12.1
0.0
0.0
15.3
23.9
1.1
0.0
11.4
7.6
40.9
47.9
10.8
9.2
27.3
0.8
11.0
3.2
9.4
5.7
22.9
43.6
8.0
3.1
1.5
2.7
5.7
0.2
11.7
8.1
136.5
1.2
6.3
10.0
30.7
0.4
3.2
2.2
5.8
2.2
25.4
11.6
2 166
4 013
10 606
58 800
439 139
0.0
7.2
0.3
4.3
0.0
162 746
110
1 000
117
2 091 000
228 000
26 300
326 595
1.6
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.5
13 122
27 052
15
14 309
17 199
46 078
23 500
5 732
89
0.4
0.1
3.1
8.6
7 520
180
82
8.1
0.2
3.1
1.2
97 660
941 835
380
6 340
48 100
53 100
83 813
120 477
1 577 290
35 984
176 841
329 980
21 372
333 529
1.4
0.1
1.6
1.9
1.3
1.1
0.7
1.1
1.1
113 402
33 744
1.0
0.6
76.7
45.2
8.4
9.4
17.8
13.9
175 232
0.7
76.4
27.7
3.7
11 432
0.8
1 714.3
542.9
414.3

Agricultural
tractors
total
tractors
2000-09*
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Pesticide
use
per ha of
arable
land and
permanent
crops
kg/ha
2005-09*
nitrogen
kg/ha
2009
phosphate
kg/ha
2009
potash
kg/ha
2009
174 800
2.0
331.9
61.5
82.6
59 562
117 580
132 673
0.8
1.1
0.6
45.6
24.0
115.3
9.5
22.6
24.4
9.5
4.7
50.2
159 590
0.7
3.0
53.9
166.8
53.0
47.9
7.0
30.2
17.5
29.5
8.2
41.2
11.7
0.5
4 242
20.6
183.4
4.3
36.4
4.3
6.5
259 613
35.7
12.6
8.0
51.3
41.9
5.8
52.5
17.5
10.6
2.5
25.2
16.1
12.6
2.1
21.3
88.1
139.4
45.4
38.3
26.2
35.7
15.3
7.6
14.6
35.5
9.6
6.6
111.3
55.4
19.5
12.5
23.9
11.3
98.3
129.2
20.6
19.4
21.3
29.9
261.7
10.4
20.2
205.6
118.6
22.6
22.8
17.9
450.2
9.1
27.2
19.5
20.1
13.5
600.8
15.7
34.2
3.7
3.5
3.3
19.3
18.2
11.3
29.7
19.8
1.6
2.4
27.1
1.1
9.7
1.4
32.5
11.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
39.4
2.1
2.2
2.7
11.0
2.7
8.6
2.7
8.2
94
0.2
0.2
0.2
243
1
162.0
0.9
1.7
7 438
353
1 754 401
1 092
176 394
5 844
103 756
1 038 726
53 606
331 528
95 010
1 176 425
989 488
5.6
13.0
0.0
6.4
5.7
0.2
2.4
10.3
2.9
2.3
6 446
144 600
106 200
8.8
4.9
9.5
5 983
1 941
2.7
99
36
1.1
1.8
49
TABLE 8: Agricultural capital stock

Gross capital stock
total
share
p.a. growth
million
US$
2007
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
50
land
development
plantation
crops
livestock
fixed
assets
%
livestock
inventory
%
structures
for
livestock
%
machinery
&
equipment
%
1990-2000
2000-07
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
31.2
32.1
19.4
16.0
17.3
2.4
17.8
5.9
15.4
46.5
35.5
60.9
7.7
7.1
4.6
17.8
47.5
0.0
0.1
1.2
4.1
4.2
4.0
1.8
27.4
42.9
55.8
46.7
21.3
73.2
63.4
69.1
59.0
36.3
42.8
24.8
4.8
7.6
9.8
8.2
3.8
12.9
11.2
12.2
10.4
6.4
7.6
4.4
5.1
6.6
7.3
3.4
3.8
9.1
5.8
9.3
7.2
4.9
3.3
1.0
23.8
3.8
3.2
7.7
6.3
2.4
1.8
2.3
3.8
1.6
6.7
7.2
5 356 831
526 417
160 262
1 685
140
386
3 396
48 891
18 542
17 689
3 125
274
0.6
1.6
0.5
1.0
1.9
1.9
0.8
0.3
2.8
0.5
0.7
1.8
2.5
4.5
0.7
0.1
0.5
5.7
2.0
0.2
3.1
0.4
4 953
334
2 007
11
13 261
8 730
21 894
5 987
8 957
30 385
6 663
7 423
2 492
7 111
636
5 023
369
444
225
143 374
14 545
36 793
7 531
26 006
2.1
1.5
0.6
0.5
0.3
1.8
1.7
0.9
0.6
1.0
0.7
0.9
2.5
2.7
1.1
1.2
0.1
1.0
0.7
2.4
1.0
2.3
0.1
0.7
1.4
1.2
5.1
5.1
0.1
2.5
1.2
1.5
0.4
1.0
0.6
0.3
1.8
3.1
1.5
0.2
2.1
0.7
0.2
1.1
1.2
1.5
0.7
0.0
37.0
47.4
11.4
3.6
21.7
12.8
27.9
30.9
7.7
27.0
32.7
24.0
15.8
19.5
32.5
38.4
27.1
26.4
54.1
50.8
42.0
73.6
64.6
63.2
5.3
1.9
9.0
43.0
0.4
19.8
11.1
0.8
0.6
10.9
7.4
17.5
2.6
0.5
12.6
16.6
66.8
38.3
42.7
4.5
6.9
2.3
5.6
4.9
38.9
23.4
57.5
33.9
59.3
45.9
42.6
50.7
68.5
43.3
42.5
41.4
56.0
57.5
40.1
27.5
3.4
22.7
1.9
30.3
28.8
15.1
15.4
22.9
6.9
4.1
10.1
6.0
10.5
8.1
7.5
8.9
12.1
7.6
7.5
7.3
9.9
10.1
7.1
4.9
0.6
4.0
0.3
5.3
5.1
2.7
2.7
4.0
3.4
1.1
5.2
1.0
7.3
8.3
7.9
4.6
5.8
7.3
5.9
7.8
13.8
10.9
2.0
2.1
0.1
0.9
0.2
4.1
1.4
2.3
0.5
1.2
8.7
22.0
6.8
12.5
0.8
5.2
2.9
4.1
5.3
3.8
4.0
1.9
1.8
1.5
5.7
10.6
1.9
7.7
0.8
5.1
15.8
4.0
11.1
3.7
48 106
10 304
4.5
1.8
1.4
0.8
29.4
40.5
0.4
25.5
50.9
19.2
9.0
3.4
9.0
0.9
1.3
10.5
50 257
1 870
1 082
2 653
43 832
820
142 138
2 957
10 177
7 852
207
376
7 209
5 399
1 821
637
12 642
4 331
13 096
60 871
3
0.1
0.3
0.9
0.8
0.1
0.3
2.6
3.5
3.8
1.1
2.2
1.3
2.6
5.4
3.9
1.7
4.1
3.1
3.5
2.1
2.6
0.3
1.5
0.8
0.4
0.2
0.7
2.7
2.0
4.1
0.9
4.4
4.2
2.9
4.8
0.8
0.9
3.4
1.2
3.1
2.6
0.3
31.3
4.6
12.2
14.8
33.8
37.5
28.9
29.8
11.0
16.9
19.1
21.8
16.7
12.4
24.9
23.8
30.2
8.9
27.7
40.1
65.8
7.3
0.1
0.5
0.5
8.3
2.4
11.8
11.8
0.5
65.3
1.9
1.1
37.0
8.0
29.3
45.4
1.1
0.3
0.3
11.0
0.0
32.6
65.8
64.7
61.4
28.4
44.3
44.7
42.8
65.5
11.4
64.5
51.2
34.4
59.3
35.6
20.7
51.5
70.9
54.1
36.6
22.4
5.7
11.6
11.4
10.8
5.0
7.8
7.9
7.5
11.6
2.0
11.4
9.0
6.1
10.5
6.3
3.6
9.1
12.5
9.5
6.5
3.9
17.2
12.7
7.1
9.4
18.3
6.7
4.5
6.1
8.8
1.6
2.5
11.2
2.3
7.2
3.0
0.9
6.8
6.6
7.3
3.2
2.2
6.0
5.2
4.0
3.1
6.3
1.3
2.3
2.0
2.6
2.7
0.7
5.5
3.6
2.6
0.9
5.7
1.4
0.7
1.1
2.7
5.5
10 561
2 224
1 775
1.5
1.0
0.7
1.1
6.2
1.7
11.9
44.2
34.7
0.4
9.7
9.0
70.3
34.5
43.2
12.4
6.1
7.6
3.5
3.3
2.6
1.4
2.1
2.9
TABLE 8: Agricultural capital stock (continued)

Gross capital stock
total
share
p.a. growth
million
US$
2007
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
land
development
plantation
crops
1990-2000
2000-07
2007
livestock
fixed
assets
%
livestock
inventory
%
structures
for
livestock
%
machinery
&
equipment
%
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
1 446 805
727 156
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.9
26.1
24.3
5.7
6.9
30.6
47.1
5.4
8.3
7.2
5.2
25.1
8.1
39
79 463
0.3
0.8
0.9
0.7
11.6
15.2
5.6
1.4
56.7
52.4
10.0
9.2
4.3
6.2
11.8
15.6
30
88
197
9 239
1.7
1.6
1.8
2.2
0.6
3.3
1.7
2.6
28.5
17.7
21.6
20.6
31.4
1.3
28.4
3.9
26.3
45.9
33.6
55.0
4.6
8.1
5.9
9.7
0.7
1.3
3.6
8.3
8.5
25.7
6.9
2.4
212 210
9
1.0
0.5
1.6
0.0
21.2
4.8
6.9
20.5
42.3
58.9
7.5
10.4
8.8
3.3
13.4
2.1
22 663
102 648
2 165
24 317
1.6
0.3
0.6
1.1
0.2
0.7
0.3
0.6
44.4
7.8
24.1
21.4
5.0
5.4
27.5
3.5
30.8
70.7
27.2
55.7
5.4
12.5
4.8
9.8
1.7
2.6
5.5
1.6
12.8
1.1
10.9
8.1
61
10 301
18 931
2 686
144
40
39
157
9 433
1 049
4 949
4 388
2 273
93
121 134
1.2
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.0
1.6
0.2
2.7
1.2
0.5
0.9
0.5
1.1
2.2
0.8
1.1
0.2
0.5
1.7
0.6
4.6
0.1
0.2
2.2
0.6
2.7
0.1
4.2
24.2
36.7
28.2
0.0
33.2
14.0
18.5
25.0
70.9
17.3
25.5
9.7
30.5
47.5
57.0
16.3
22.3
26.8
0.0
19.0
56.7
4.2
30.5
4.5
11.8
25.9
13.4
14.7
7.1
27.6
47.8
30.8
27.9
84.3
32.6
22.8
59.0
32.2
13.6
55.6
30.9
59.6
39.4
32.3
4.9
8.4
5.4
4.9
14.9
5.8
4.0
10.4
5.7
2.4
9.8
5.5
10.5
7.0
5.7
2.1
2.6
2.4
4.9
0.3
2.1
1.2
4.6
3.2
1.0
3.9
5.7
1.9
2.6
2.9
4.2
0.5
2.4
7.2
0.5
7.3
1.3
3.4
3.3
7.6
1.6
6.5
5.0
5.8
4.5
6 120
3 592
8 465
23 685
774
3.1
0.5
1.3
1.2
2.8
0.6
1.3
1.5
0.8
1.5
41.9
12.8
20.7
34.2
14.7
17.0
8.8
1.9
8.1
9.3
28.8
56.0
51.2
45.3
54.6
5.1
9.9
9.0
8.0
9.6
5.7
4.3
11.5
2.4
4.5
1.5
8.1
5.7
2.0
7.3
17
57
1.6
0.2
4.0
2.4
13.3
23.7
0.0
24.8
67.8
40.4
12.0
7.1
3.9
2.3
2.9
1.7
28
1.9
0.4
23.1
21.9
41.5
7.3
1.8
4.3
677
321
0.5
1.9
1.8
0.7
79.7
14.6
5.0
16.2
9.5
44.0
1.7
7.8
0.7
1.2
3.4
16.3
17
25 136
29 509
719 649
0.5
0.3
0.7
0.2
0.2
1.7
0.7
0.2
2.7
5.9
20.1
27.9
11.6
0.3
7.9
4.4
62.1
73.7
50.7
13.9
11.0
13.0
8.9
2.4
4.7
4.6
5.3
9.1
8.0
2.5
7.0
42.2
100 518
6
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.4
23.4
0.0
22.5
0.0
8.8
47.7
1.6
8.4
7.8
0.0
35.9
43.9
619 125
2 225 311
106 480
47 162
6 394
6 429
19 528
26 967
0.2
1.2
0.2
1.1
1.1
0.9
0.1
1.4
1.7
1.4
28.6
36.1
59.6
73.6
63.0
55.8
47.2
44.1
1.5
10.1
1.9
1.0
3.3
6.4
1.3
2.6
14.7
24.8
19.2
14.4
18.2
26.3
19.1
26.2
2.6
4.4
3.4
2.5
3.2
4.6
3.4
4.6
9.3
2.8
1.7
1.4
2.2
2.3
1.0
2.5
43.3
21.9
14.2
7.0
10.2
4.6
28.1
19.9
51

Gross capital stock
total
share
p.a. growth
million
US$
2007
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
52
land
development
plantation
crops
1990-2000
2000-07
2007
livestock
fixed
assets
%
livestock
inventory
%
structures
for
livestock
%
machinery
&
equipment
%
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
887 564
0.8
0.7
23.1
5.7
28.4
5.0
1.7
36.1
559 504
7 366
1.7
0.5
1.3
0.6
33.6
43.5
8.7
8.7
32.4
20.8
5.7
3.7
2.0
1.2
17.5
22.2
292 402
10 992
17 301
286 230
83
5 553
100 102
3 798
22 014
23 638
30 360
1.1
3.4
4.6
2.2
4.6
1.5
1.5
1.9
1.1
2.1
0.8
0.5
0.5
1.9
2.0
4.9
1.4
1.6
2.4
0.3
3.2
0.7
3.9
2.7
12.1
24.0
5.0
37.6
19.6
24.1
5.8
33.0
16.0
0.3
0.0
3.8
41.5
29.6
8.9
49.3
7.1
82.4
14.9
53.5
18.8
77.4
32.1
19.1
54.1
35.7
16.1
51.4
7.4
33.6
22.0
3.3
13.7
5.7
3.4
9.5
6.3
2.8
9.1
1.3
5.9
3.9
0.8
5.5
1.4
2.0
0.6
6.8
1.4
6.0
0.4
6.0
2.0
72.9
0.7
44.9
10.0
1.1
4.8
10.8
2.3
2.7
6.6
2.7
32 726
689
67 267
686 365
30 924
66 126
350
369 127
85 173
15
8 855
119 020
6 774
258 672
2 952
13 465
58
1 194
5 619
31 881
2 484
1 530
310
2 845
716
1 329
192
23 710
25 731
129 094
3 747
11 815
980 267
402 793
14 991
5 902
11 636
11 224
78 345
4 906
42 851
167 552
6 187
59 200
133 000
0.1
4.4
5.9
1.4
1.1
1.1
0.6
1.6
1.0
2.0
1.4
1.7
1.2
1.3
1.4
2.2
3.5
1.4
0.0
2.1
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.6
1.3
2.2
0.1
0.9
1.2
0.6
0.1
0.6
1.5
0.2
0.1
1.1
3.9
0.1
0.7
0.5
1.5
0.1
2.4
0.8
1.5
4.0
0.7
1.2
2.3
4.9
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.9
0.2
2.0
2.0
1.8
0.2
38.9
13.2
28.9
43.9
80.6
14.1
23.3
42.7
63.5
11.6
32.5
42.6
25.5
63.3
59.8
49.5
62.3
47.2
40.3
83.2
41.2
51.1
26.4
73.2
21.8
42.3
63.6
87.5
73.9
54.8
75.6
66.0
29.6
45.7
21.5
28.5
29.4
44.8
18.4
44.7
67.6
54.3
63.7
50.8
10.5
29.1
30.1
31.4
6.1
0.4
3.0
23.4
8.4
1.7
83.1
3.9
2.6
52.7
4.0
8.2
5.6
7.1
5.1
7.9
0.9
9.9
7.4
1.6
16.8
17.8
4.2
2.2
1.7
4.2
4.0
10.0
4.4
6.4
5.5
2.8
10.0
14.9
10.9
3.9
25.6
6.2
4.4
4.0
6.4
0.4
20.0
42.7
17.0
27.8
14.9
65.1
33.6
20.6
17.9
0.0
39.1
39.9
14.3
13.0
20.1
21.4
24.0
17.8
25.7
8.8
16.4
27.1
58.1
6.5
20.6
41.2
26.6
7.9
11.2
12.4
11.0
21.7
16.6
15.6
36.5
23.8
14.3
10.0
6.4
11.0
14.6
18.9
8.9
15.0
25.4
3.5
7.5
3.0
4.9
2.6
11.5
5.9
3.6
3.2
0.0
6.9
7.0
2.5
2.3
3.5
3.8
4.2
3.1
4.5
1.5
2.9
4.8
10.2
1.1
3.6
7.3
4.7
1.4
2.0
2.2
1.9
3.8
2.9
2.7
6.4
4.2
2.5
1.8
1.1
1.9
2.6
3.3
1.6
2.7
4.5
2.3
4.5
1.3
5.5
1.5
4.3
10.7
7.0
1.2
0.0
12.4
4.9
2.1
0.9
1.9
1.7
1.8
0.7
1.8
0.5
8.8
0.9
1.4
0.4
0.9
3.7
2.1
0.3
0.5
0.8
1.1
1.9
5.1
1.1
2.5
1.2
1.1
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
1.2
0.8
1.0
9.4
6.2
2.0
18.3
11.9
0.0
2.0
3.0
17.7
12.6
5.2
5.2
2.9
2.9
16.4
6.5
18.0
0.6
26.0
19.8
5.1
20.7
8.8
2.2
2.0
35.4
1.3
0.8
1.2
8.3
25.7
0.4
2.2
39.4
29.4
30.3
32.3
37.7
31.8
69.4
16.0
8.2
17.8
21.1
24.1
49.8
12 551
2 189
1.4
0.5
3.2
23.3
19.9
0.2
2.0
29.5
11.1
5.2
2.0
7.0
1.0
34.8
64.0
12 581
1.8
0.6
8.2
0.2
11.5
2.0
4.3
73.8
1 027
1.7
2.2
0.4
0.0
20.1
3.6
7.8
68.1
3.7
1.4
0.0
0.0
1.8
6.2
0.6
4.2
2.9
6.9
0.8
4.1
0.8
12.4
2.8
0.6
0.7
4.8
0.2
0.1
1.5
0.3

Gross capital stock
total
share
p.a. growth
million
US$
2007
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
19 709
3 899
8 691
9 077
land
development
plantation
crops
1990-2000
2000-07
2007
livestock
fixed
assets
%
livestock
inventory
%
structures
for
livestock
%
machinery
&
equipment
%
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
1.0
0.2
3.1
0.1
42.4
7.5
18.6
28.4
0.8
1.6
0.7
0.3
20.7
17.5
11.4
1.2
2.0
0.2
6.1
8.9
13.2
1.1
1.6
2.3
0.9
0.9
5.6
69.9
69.1
67.2
14 388
48 889
223 235
5 157
0
2 034
2 064
0.2
0.2
0.6
1.4
0.0
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.3
2.4
10.6
8.2
27.5
67.3
100.8
21.7
31.1
0.2
0.4
15.8
15.6
0.0
14.1
16.4
27.0
28.1
11.5
11.6
0.0
26.3
36.9
4.8
5.0
2.0
2.1
0.0
4.6
6.5
6.2
11.8
4.2
1.2
0.0
2.3
2.2
51.3
46.5
39.1
2.3
0.0
31.0
6.9
22 178
0.6
1.0
40.9
21.3
12.3
2.2
2.9
20.4
81 781
98
407
13 942
0.7
0.4
0.9
1.0
0.4
2.0
22.6
19.0
29.4
27.0
9.9
5.0
15.7
18.6
7.5
48.6
25.5
15.3
1.3
8.6
4.5
2.7
4.5
11.4
1.4
5.7
54.2
7.3
23.5
30.6
0.8
0.8
0.7
1.5
29.4
4.5
26.6
46.7
15.7
3.3
20.2
7.9
25.5
15.1
12.0
13.4
4.5
2.7
2.1
2.4
1.4
1.5
4.6
1.8
23.5
72.9
34.5
27.9
221 239
15 218
6 811
96 594
81 256
14
489
1.6
0.9
0.9
0.4
0.6
3.1
0.3
0.4
1.7
0.0
13.9
7.3
7.3
19.6
8.9
13.7
7.3
2.1
1.5
1.2
3.7
0.8
0.0
1.2
18.5
13.6
36.6
19.3
13.4
29.0
36.6
3.3
2.4
6.5
3.4
2.4
5.1
6.5
10.7
7.4
21.3
11.1
8.8
22.6
21.3
51.5
67.8
27.0
42.8
65.8
29.5
27.0
12 285
8 571
178 030
172 115
115 091
57 024
0.8
0.9
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.7
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.5
21.0
3.4
19.5
20.0
27.2
5.5
1.0
0.9
2.6
0.8
1.0
0.5
34.1
29.9
47.8
48.3
39.2
66.5
6.0
5.3
8.4
8.5
6.9
11.7
17.3
10.3
11.7
12.0
13.4
9.2
20.5
50.3
10.1
10.3
12.2
6.6
4 948
1 009
617
2 465
199
657
361
30
206
40
79
1.4
1.3
0.6
1.9
0.6
1.3
1.2
0.0
1.4
0.6
0.2
0.8
0.5
1.2
1.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
4.4
10.0
2.6
3.3
2.9
1.9
1.0
2.0
0.8
0.0
1.4
49.5
32.5
1.9
57.2
76.6
82.9
89.0
78.0
96.3
99.4
68.9
34.1
40.4
74.3
29.3
14.8
10.8
6.9
8.5
2.0
0.0
23.2
6.0
7.1
13.1
5.2
2.6
1.9
1.2
1.5
0.3
0.0
4.1
1.4
3.4
1.9
0.4
0.6
2.2
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.0
1.7
4.6
6.5
6.2
4.7
2.5
0.4
1.4
9.9
0.5
0.6
0.7
7 742
2 830
83 480
1 522
5
607
12
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.9
0.0
6.4
5.2
5.3
91.2
55.7
56.4
0.0
31.1
31.8
0.0
5.5
5.6
0.0
1.0
0.1
2.3
1.6
0.8
93
8
0.8
0.1
0.3
1.1
2.5
3.9
55.8
83.1
29.0
9.9
5.1
1.7
1.1
0.1
6.5
1.1
344
0.3
1.4
5.7
62.3
26.2
4.6
0.8
0.4
125
0.2
0.5
6.6
37.5
44.9
7.9
1.7
1.4
25
0.2
0.0
1.3
47.1
43.3
7.6
0.3
0.3
53
TABLE 9: Foreign direct investment and official development assistance

FDI, inward flows
agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing
food, beverages, tobacco
million
US$
2000-01*
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
54
million
US$
2010-11*
15
million
US$
2000-01*
38
16
0
11
million
US$
2010-11*
0
0
43
0
0
total receipts
ODA
agriculture
share of
total
%
forestry
share of
total
%
fishery
share of
total
%
2010
2010
2010
0.0
0.1
0.0
10.6
0.0
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2010
212
37
122
523
1 466
1 475
630
871
36
1
2 260
576
82
175
107
3 479
3 489
343
1 061
322
610
2 225
19.2
2.1
0.8
3.0
6.7
9.9
5.6
6.6
0.0
1.4
2.5
0.0
730
5
140
1 589
1 952
1 593
279
1 050
56
394
2 102
3 217
852
602
6.6
0.0
0.3
10.8
4.5
4.8
15.5
0.9
449
635
170
521
76
276
34
110
64
501
763
256
549
1 344
3 726
83
208
41
6.0
7.6
0.7
1.8
0.1
2.7
0.0
10.9
6.4
0.1
1.7
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.1
3.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
6.0
0.1
6.8
0.0
0.0
2.8
0.0
0.0
1.9
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.4
0.6
1.9
0.6
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.6
2.6
16
30
36
225
1 970
10
996
294
2 531
46
2 138
12
377
746
2 230
818
7.3
0.5
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
45
75
160
614
38
120
262
395
1 211
126
0.6
0.1
2.0
1.2
5.0
0.1
0.0
1.3
0.7
0.0
0.0
526
687
118
738
67
961
230
151
33
856
277
500
1 024
13
665
929
239
831
194
1 780
153
146
1 573
1 028
379
608
1 449
51
3.3
8.4
1.1
10.8
9.0
7.0
5.5
0.9
2.4
22.8
1.0
8.1
5.5
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
7.2
0.0
1.9
2.5
0.0
0.0
1.4
1 012
437
113
1 493
516
549
17.4
16.7
7.6
1.3
0
0
2.1
0.8
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.1
1.0
0.0
0.0
TABLE 9: Foreign direct investment and official development assistance (continued)

FDI, inward flows
million
US$
2000-01*
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
million
US$
2010-11*
million
US$
2000-01*
million
US$
2010-11*
total receipts
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2010
ODA
agriculture
share of
total
%
forestry
share of
total
%
fishery
share of
total
%
2010
2010
2010
0.5
2.1
20.5
841
5
10
75
0
13
157
4.0
23
54
775
1.7
46.7
15.5
2.5
0.0
0.1
0.1
663
4
0
0
0
4
26
1 285
73
618
453
1 592
292
1 035
1.9
20.5
0.0
12
0
194
131
35
0
0
0
0
0
69
1 587
76
88
136
1 263
95
122
1.0
9.0
2.3
7.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0
19
30
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
355
274
173
9
464
280
336
0.0
4.1
10.1
3.3
0.1
5.1
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.5
0.3
18
16
0.1
328
224
218
898
140
480
341
3 655
625
118
9.7
7.5
2.0
7.5
24.7
0.1
0.0
0.1
4.6
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
346
48
646
38
62
1 016
1 177
25
640
62
223
770
0.2
0.0
9.6
4.1
10.2
8.2
1.7
0.0
0.9
1.3
0.2
2.0
0.0
2.9
0.1
0.6
6
37
26
12
0.4
1.9
17
11
3.0
0.0
37
15
4
36
49
0.0
0.4
0.0
22
230
36
48
3.7
0.7
0.0
0.1
2.8
0.0
302
379
162
18
94
311
550
480
51
786
0.6
1.8
6.2
2.5
0.7
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
40
0
17
0
0
0
0
0
95
17
230
2 949
0
16
1
0
0
0
40
0
0
0
10
0
3
0
18
15
0
314
0
59
5
0
90
0
209
0.7
1.8
2.1
55

FDI, inward flows
million
US$
2000-01*
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
56
million
US$
2010-11*
million
US$
2000-01*
917
22
2 009
6
0
0
76
542
5
0
0
5
1 566
1
0
6
0
0
157
317
4
40
ODA
agriculture
share of
total
%
forestry
share of
total
%
fishery
share of
total
%
2010
2010
2010
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2010
0
0
0
65
3 271
128
2 383
74
0.6
0.8
2.5
0.0
290
0
286
4
311
611
3.1
0.4
1.4
0
5
0
0
0
641
2 310
322
1 239
81
1 119
1 027
3 294
595
95
346
1 344
5.3
3.6
2.9
0.6
6.7
3.3
0.1
2.1
0.4
5.8
0.5
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.5
22
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
7
156
220
120
77
1 107
435
2 128
567
406
4 007
1.4
2.7
6.2
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.0
11
23
49
42
218
1 849
94
2 840
182
46
407
1 298
453
7 666
2 759
113
7 765
128
95
1 174
5 099
1 126
8.7
4.6
5.5
2.8
1.4
0.1
2.5
3.2
1.1
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.3
296
247
0
386
206
1.8
1.6
0.0
0.0
308
136
892
2 337
2.8
2.5
0.0
709
1 113
0.2
0.0
0.0
133
1 517
11
490
4 979
21
6.2
1.6
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
3
143
597
494
1 767
6.1
15.4
673
937
2.7
147
0.2
875
12.8
578
0.5
million
US$
2010-11*
total receipts
0
18
98
0
0
5
0
3
0
29
29
0
177
32
650
13
9
44
0
247
402
111
0
2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
235
0
58
528
0
0.0
0.0
0
47
110
157
48
1
0.0
0
5
1
29
125
9
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.2
1 801
1 019
0
726
0
20
0.0
2.4

FDI, inward flows
million
US$
2000-01*
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
million
US$
2010-11*
million
US$
2000-01*
million
US$
2010-11*
total receipts
ODA
agriculture
share of
total
%
forestry
share of
total
%
fishery
share of
total
%
2010
2010
2010
0.0
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2010
508
491
3.0
0.8
19
4
1 123
146
617
233
1.9
16.7
0.0
1
0
104
1.3
2.6
2 567
70
1 252
2.9
0.5
368
245
9.7
0.0
246
13
2
0
28
6
0
0
36
0
0
60
0
1
16
702
1 019
632
204
14 640
49
29
4
171
444
0.0
82
991
142
14
1 012
0
0
101
12
2
118
1
0
15
0
39
34
142
0
11
51
569
1 079
20
13
15
65
18.9
0.1
1.5
898
130
36
971
381
76
4.6
3.3
2.0
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.1
1.6
0.2
30
56
114
0
34
82
113
19
0.8
0.1
0.0
4.5
0.6
0.9
1.3
18
20
0.7
1.6
22
2.2
12
0.0
47
0
31
3
0
117
11
95
23
124
1.4
0.1
1.1
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.4
1.8
0.8
57
TABLE 10: Government expenditures

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting
% of total outlays
% of agricultural GDP
cash
non-cash
cash
non-cash
%
%
%
%
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
58
17.5
4.6
6.1
5.7
3.8
Environmental protection
% of total outlays
cash
non-cash
%
%
2009-11*
2009-11*
0.0
0.8
30.1
3.4
0.4
1.5
4.7
3.9
1.6
3.4
2.5
0.2
21.5
0.6
16.0
4.1
2.3
0.8
0.0
3.6
24.6
2.3
0.8
12.5
4.0
3.1
0.5
3.6
23.4
0.3
1.9
4.3
0.4
5.5
17.3
1.6
3.0
2.4
4.1
50.9
13.2
13.6
0.3
1.2
4.9
16.5
0.3
31.5
1.4
2.5
3.3
0.4
0.2
12.6
0.7
1.5
0.5
2.4
1.0
1.3
0.4
2.9
0.0
2.2
0.6
0.9
1.1
0.6
0.1
TABLE 10: Government expenditures (continued)

% of total outlays
cash
non-cash
cash
non-cash
%
%
%
%
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
1.0
1.8
% of total outlays
cash
non-cash
%
%
2009-11*
2009-11*
9.3
1.3
8.6
0.3
1.1
4.2
0.4
2.7
7.8
0.7
1.8
2.7
2.7
0.5
2.1
0.8
0.6
1.6
11.8
0.1
3.0
16.3
1.8
3.4
9.9
2.8
0.6
15.9
0.6
14.6
1.2
1.8
3.3
0.7
0.5
59

% of total outlays
cash
non-cash
cash
non-cash
%
%
%
%
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
60
% of total outlays
cash
non-cash
%
%
2009-11*
2009-11*
1.7
2.3
1.8
0.1
0.9
0.9
0.5
3.2
6.3
5.9
0.2
7.9
0.0
8.0
117.7
1.0
0.0
5.6
9.2
2.5
4.1
3.7
8.9
11.2
6.8
1.4
1.3
8.5
1.0
5.3
2.7
6.4
20.4
6.4
3.1
16.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.5
0.0
19.1
4.8
1.0
9.6
0.1
0.4
0.1
2.5
0.4
1.8
0.3
0.8
0.0
8.4
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.8
1.5
0.0
0.1
0.8
0.5
4.4
6.0
4.5
14.1
0.2
0.3
1.2
0.9
11.0
1.6
4.2
30.2
9.1
62.2
0.7
0.3
1.8
3.5
4.5
9.8
0.4
6.6
2.4
1.3
0.2
25.7
0.7
2.4
42.7
9.1
0.1
0.8
0.8
0.6
2.2
3.6
40.5
0.7
2.9
18.4
0.9

% of total outlays
cash
non-cash
cash
non-cash
%
%
%
%
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
2009-11*
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
% of total outlays
cash
non-cash
%
%
2009-11*
2009-11*
1.5
7.4
50.9
3.4
4.2
1.5
32.6
43.2
0.8
0.3
0.7
12.3
0.5
1.1
4.0
30.6
0.4
0.3
0.6
3.4
0.8
3.0
3.8
13.9
10.7
45.5
0.5
0.6
0.5
1.4
3.5
0.4
0.6
0.1
0.7
1.1
1.5
7.0
0.7
1.4
60.9
2.8
3.3
2.4
2.4
1.9
2.3
0.2
61
TABLE 11: Innovation

Agricultural R&D spending
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
62
million
2005 PPP
US$
2000
million
2005 PPP
US$
2008
26 053
1 889
415
4
2
0
8
49
151
9
28
23
31 744
2 324
548
10
2
0
3
69
173
12
21
22
Total
public
agric.
research
expenditures
share of
GDP
%
Fixed
broadband
Internet
Mobile
cellulars
Telephone
lines
per 100
people
per 100
people
per 100
people
subscribers
2008
lines
(1 = low to
6 = high)
rating
2011
subscriptions
2010
2010
0.4
0.3
1.3
0.3
0.7
3.9
7.7
0.5
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
6.1
77.0
53.6
32.2
13.7
22.5
18.6
3.5
8.3
61.6
37.2
20.9
91.7
17.7
3.1
1.0
0.4
2.9
2.1
1.0
1.1
0.9
0.7
1.0
29.8
18
0.4
0.1
30.9
0.4
3.0
14
0
18
0
0.5
0.7
0.0
7.3
88
77
8
28
150
39
43
9
8
4
44
2
2
0
628
112
293
11
96
1.2
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.3
1.7
2.5
1.8
1.1
1.6
0.4
25.5
1.1
1.0
0.4
0.9
3.0
0.8
1.6
2.8
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.1
1.9
2.0
4.7
9.7
8.2
11.9
19.3
11.7
4.0
39
38
15
32
108
11
32
8
14
3
35
2
2
0
610
102
298
23
104
33.4
135.9
6.9
38.4
46.8
41.6
61.2
31.0
46.7
44.1
22.2
25.6
98.9
17.9
57.0
106.9
62.1
86.1
92.4
87.1
171.5
100.1
0.0
41.5
1.3
2.5
38
46
52
63
0.3
4.6
106.0
12.3
328
20
1
21
283
2
428
13
23
1
56
3
41
10
4
5
31
6
5
191
317
19
1
22
273
2
681
22
19
1
43
2
100
4
5
5
25
6
6
404
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.2
1.3
0.6
0.0
0.4
1.5
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
3.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
97.0
117.8
45.5
67.2
100.5
61.2
55.3
79.9
34.7
75.0
79.0
85.5
71.5
40.1
0.6
1.2
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
39.3
48.4
79.3
24.5
55.1
8.0
6.8
1.8
6.9
8.4
4.5
0.9
1.5
0.9
14.5
1.4
2.8
1.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.7
2.1
0.5
0.7
25
1
12
25
6
8
0.6
67.1
34.1
40.7
2.7
0.2
3.5
1.8
0.8
0.2
0.6
4.3
2.0
2.0
0.6
0.4
0.9
0.3
0.5
2010
CPIA
business
regulatory
environment
rating
0.1
3.0
2.5
3.5
2.0
3.5
4.0
3.0
3.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
2.0
2.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
2.5
3.0
3.0
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.0
3.5
4.5
2.5
2.5
3.0
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
3.0
2.5
TABLE 11: Innovation (continued)

Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Total
public
agric.
research
expenditures
share of
GDP
%
million
2005 PPP
US$
2000
million
2005 PPP
US$
2008
7 814
2 826
8 763
3 302
0
238
0
441
2
2
2
48
2
2
2
46
1 244
1 403
1.5
116
170
25
103
143
33
1.4
0.6
1
14
89
6
Fixed
broadband
Internet
Mobile
cellulars
Telephone
lines
per 100
people
per 100
people
per 100
people
subscribers
2008
CPIA
business
regulatory
environment
rating
lines
(1 = low to
6 = high)
rating
2011
subscriptions
2010
2010
2010
14.2
6.3
94.2
97.8
29.5
18.2
8.0
9.6
17.9
7.2
20.6
2.9
1.0
189.3
132.9
122.6
124.9
128.1
62.3
72.3
40.9
24.7
32.6
37.7
50.3
9.7
8.6
6.8
104.1
21.6
33.5
10.5
5.6
6.2
0.0
177.6
116.0
96.1
65.1
8.9
66.4
20.2
15.5
31.8
10.3
1
15
70
6
12.3
3.6
1.4
2.8
155.8
89.6
102.2
124.3
22.9
10.2
14.4
16.2
4.0
13.8
116.7
27.2
4.0
8
6
7
6
11
13
12
10
1.8
1.5
0.0
0.0
4.3
125.6
73.6
40.0
125.1
116.1
10.4
19.9
0.5
8.8
9.6
3.0
2.5
3.5
483
585
10.0
80.6
17.5
18
22
9
140
24
20
5
167
1.6
7.3
0.4
3.1
14.7
68.5
189.0
91.7
100.1
78.3
4.5
15.3
5.6
10.9
23.8
0
1
0
1
27.9
11.8
152.7
113.7
37.8
21.5
4.5
11.4
120.5
19.9
4.0
3
3
2
1
3.0
10.8
169.6
141.2
16.2
21.9
36
115
4 988
61
134
5 461
705
636
3.4
8.3
10.9
0.8
27.8
61.7
29.8
21.5
131.7
96.2
88.0
135.8
70.7
100.1
69.5
28.6
24.4
48.8
89.0
50.0
38.1
4 283
9 521
70
18
7
4
7
34
4 825
13 203
153
45
13
13
16
67
3.2
27.6
5.5
2.6
8.9
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.4
89.9
69.4
90.1
121.1
98.9
86.4
63.4
76.3
48.7
14.3
12.0
25.3
9.2
5.3
10.3
6.9
0.9
1.1
2.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.0
63

Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
64
million
2005 PPP
US$
2000
million
2005 PPP
US$
2008
5 376
7 844
1 907
Total
public
agric.
research
expenditures
share of
GDP
%
Fixed
broadband
Internet
Mobile
cellulars
Telephone
lines
per 100
people
per 100
people
per 100
people
subscribers
lines
(1 = low to
6 = high)
rating
2011
subscriptions
2008
2010
2010
2010
4 048
0.5
11.8
29.9
24.2
9.4
67.8
195.6
206.4
64.0
1.8
25.5
61.8
30.8
21.9
4.8
2 885
1
583
964
1
14
243
21
322
6
126
0
190
3 112
0
685
1 156
0
14
379
16
349
7
133
0
171
5.5
40
2 419
86
3 235
142
0
1 487
574
0
25
136
55
693
5
9
1
4
6
40
83
13
2
13
132
0
2 121
731
0
24
188
39
814
14
20
2
4
8
69
86
18
4
18
26.9
2.6
35.7
2.4
5.4
0.3
1.0
0.2
6.5
0.0
1.8
25.0
4.6
0.0
4.2
0.8
0.0
0.0
1.2
0.9
1.3
4.8
0.2
0.3
1.1
5.7
2.8
5.0
5.4
17.6
5.8
0.0
23.8
3.2
1.7
4.7
97.4
91.1
105.4
89.2
109.1
57.7
88.1
64.6
119.2
1.2
85.7
145.2
103.6
53.4
127.0
59.5
41.4
46.2
54.3
61.4
73.1
156.5
30.7
57.1
83.2
96.4
125.0
99.0
124.2
93.7
91.4
73.5
122.8
107.0
160.8
68.0
51.9
7.0
59.2
12.9
20.0
2.5
17.1
1.7
16.1
1.0
7.3
39.2
10.0
0.3
16.4
4.3
0.1
1.0
3.6
2.9
34.9
9.0
2.8
3.5
17.2
16.9
19.2
16.4
18.1
37.4
25.4
5.4
45.9
7.8
20.7
21.0
18
5
132
71
235
31
25
5 862
756
20
81
63
92
229
4
8
167
16
74
1 130
25
8
84
74
315
18
46
6 722
1 116
47
47
93
96
243
4
56
376
42
110
1 044
1.6
8.1
5.5
0.3
9.7
10.5
0.3
21.4
11.5
17.4
14.5
14.5
20.6
13.0
7.5
14.0
11.0
12.7
6.5
30.3
165.5
124.3
187.9
57.8
84.9
145.5
46.1
130.2
141.5
107.7
136.1
121.7
120.3
122.7
88.6
113.6
166.3
108.5
118.6
128.3
10.1
16.6
15.2
19.9
22.3
19.7
4.3
41.0
28.5
43.1
29.7
22.9
29.8
20.0
32.5
20.9
31.4
20.1
28.5
49.0
142
8
77
8
5.0
1.3
98
135
3.0
37.7
25.1
33.4
29.3
125.8
123.2
122.0
156.4
47.1
36.0
41.4
23.3
28
25
4.0
33.4
106.5
60.5
2.3
1.0
2.6
1.6
0.4
1.7
1.5
1.2
1.0
CPIA
business
regulatory
environment
rating
3.5
3.5
3.5
1.5
3.5
2.5
3.5
3.5
3.0
4.0
3.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
5.5
3.0
3.5

million
2005 PPP
US$
2000
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
million
2005 PPP
US$
2008
Total
public
agric.
research
expenditures
share of
GDP
%
Fixed
broadband
Internet
Mobile
cellulars
Telephone
lines
per 100
people
per 100
people
per 100
people
subscribers
lines
(1 = low to
6 = high)
rating
2011
subscriptions
2008
2010
2010
2010
5.7
21.1
105.2
46.5
5.9
19.3
20.6
35.3
102.4
147.2
115.7
23.6
22.1
45.4
9
40
31.8
30.8
20.3
3.3
28.9
8.2
18.3
116.1
130.8
126.1
84.0
77.2
82.7
111.9
52.5
53.9
39.2
10.4
45.0
26.6
42.4
42
57
19.9
108.2
51.7
452
1
1
142
564
2
2
99
25
19
467
4
33
11
654
10
21.6
28.1
8.3
19.9
19.0
10.6
23.7
22.9
12.5
149.6
109.4
185.3
114.4
97.0
122.1
104.5
112.0
104.5
35.5
58.8
26.8
41.9
62.0
38.3
44.9
43.9
20.0
2 784
115
189
1 121
882
3 059
132
221
1 267
984
429
44
966
944
818
126
411
40
732
714
590
124
33.0
24.7
31.5
33.9
31.7
63.8
33.2
39.0
38.1
38.0
17.4
23.5
23.2
24.9
117.1
145.8
113.5
100.7
127.0
98.5
143.3
66.1
115.4
125.8
85.0
102.2
101.0
107.8
57.4
40.5
43.3
56.2
64.2
54.4
53.7
96.4
43.5
64.0
35.7
46.8
47.6
43.0
22
0
18
0
21
0
0
0
17
0
0
0
37.3
81.1
88.0
27.8
27.9
119.0
19.8
0.8
2.7
15.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
1.2
1.7
0.8
0.9
10.6
7.0
24.8
3.8
15.1
28.8
1.8
1.5
2.1
22.7
36.4
8.4
8.1
7.6
0
0
0
0
1.2
6.0
70.9
77.4
41.9
34.1
20.9
15.2
11.9
79.7
20.3
90
113
7
16
146
22
29
149
118
476
1 193
11
124
362
1 503
20
5
23
2.5
1.8
2.0
0.9
2.1
2.8
3.5
4.4
4.1
3.6
2.2
CPIA
business
regulatory
environment
rating
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.5
2.5
2.5
2.0
0.1
91.4
19.3
3.5
1.1
2.4
52.2
16.3
29.8
12.2
3.0
65
PART
Hunger dimensions
In 20102012, about 870 million people or one in eight of the

people in the world did not consume enough food to cover their
minimum dietary energy requirements. Of these people, 852 million were in developing countries, making up 14.9 percent of the total population of these countries. While undernourishment remains
stubbornly high in absolute terms, the prevalence of undernourishment has fallen by 36 percent against the 19901992 benchmark set
by the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). If current trends continue, developing countries as a group could be close to achieving
the goal of halving the percentage of people suffering from chronic
hunger by 2015.
Although the prevalence of undernourishment offers a first idea of
the extent and distribution of hunger in the world, food security is
too complex an issue for all of its dimensions to be caught in a single
indicator. To understand the complexity of the problem and identify
measures for addressing it, its dimensions and manifestations, the
underlying factors have to be assessed and measured.
Food insecurity arises in different contexts for different reasons. It

can be driven by insufficient availability of or insufficient access to
food. While it is often portrayed as an access problem, its relationship with poverty is not always straightforward. Its intensity usually
varies with social and economic conditions, especially income levels
and food prices, but it is also affected often to a large extent by
political instability and the presence of natural hazards. An inadequate diet may also result from a lack of vitamins or micronutrients
or an imbalance in the availability of macronutrients. Food insecurity
can even arise when a sufficient and balanced diet is available, but
food safety and hygiene or access to health care are lacking. Whatever
the causes of food insecurity, it usually takes a huge toll on labour
productivity, and thus perpetuates a vicious circle where food insecurity causes low labour productivity, low incomes and thus further
food insecurity. This is the hunger trap.
To capture the multifaceted character of food insecurity and facilitate its analysis, FAO has recently compiled a suite of indicators that
supplements measurements of the number and prevalence of undernourishment. However, the indicators selected are not always ideal
for describing food insecurity in all its facets. Indicator selection is
also conditioned by the availability of reliable data and the possibility of establishing meaningful comparisons across regions and time
periods.
Some indicators look at food insecurity as an outcome: this is the
case of the number of undernourished people, the prevalence of undernourishment in the population, the extent of nutrition gaps, and
anthropometric evidence. Other indicators focus on the conditions
that generate food insecurity, such as poverty; food availability, access, affordability and utilization; and vulnerability and instability.
This chapter presents the main food security indicators computed by
FAO, starting from outcomes and moving on to consider the conditions that characterize and can generate food insecurity.
The presence of several indicators for one phenomenon poses significant measurement challenges. One challenge is consistently summarizing the information conveyed by multiple indicators; another is
understanding and tracing how the various indicators relate to each
other. The following sections outline some of the associations and
regularities that emerge among different indicators. These are meant
to signal areas for further investigation, and do not necessarily imply
formal or causal relationships.
Key Resources
The State of Food Insecurity in the World (SOFI)
The State of Food Insecurity in the World raises
awareness about global hunger issues, discusses
underlying causes of hunger and malnutrition and
monitors progress towards hunger reduction targets established at the 1996 World Food Summit
and the Millennium Summit. The publication is targeted at a wide audience, including policy-makers,
international organizations, academic institutions
and the general public with a general interest in
linkages between food security, and human and
economic development.
2012: Economic growth is necessary but not sufficient to accelerate reduction of hunger and malnutrition
2011: How does international price volatility affect
domestic economies and food security?
2010: Addressing food insecurity in protracted
crises
Publication cycle: Annual
Webpage: www.fao.org/publications/sofi/en/
Safeguarding Food Security in Volatile Global Markets

Safeguarding Food Security in Volatile Global Markets is a four-part volume that gathers together
the latest thinking on the issues and controversies surrounding price volatility in global food markets. Drawing from theory, empiricism and heuristic evidence, the book contributes to the debate on
the causes, consequences, and challenges of food
price volatility. Food security and vulnerability are
placed at centre stage, especially in their demands
on shaping innovative policy design.
Webpage: www.fao.org/economic/est/issues/
volatility/vgm/en/
SAFEGUARDING FOOD SECURITY

IN VOLATILE GLOBAL MARKETS
EDITED BY
ADAM PRAKASH
a Number
a Number, MDG target
1 000
900
980
901
885
millions
800
852
852
700
600
500
23.2
21
18
18.3
16.8
15
15.5
14.9
12
1992
2001
2006 2009 2012 2015
As part of FAOs new suite of indicators, additional figures are

presented for the prevalence of food inadequacy, which indicates the risk that individuals will be living on a diet that prevents them from effectively discharging an economic activity requiring significant physical effort. Compared with the
prevalence of undernourishment, the prevalence of food inadequacy also includes individuals with a food energy deficit
who would not be considered undernourished under normal
conditions, but who may be undernourished when carrying
out the intense physical work they engage in owing to a lack
of alternatives. Trends for this indicator are similar to those
for the prevalence of undernourishment, but the indicators
level offers insights into the inadequacy of food supply.
CHART 25: Number of people undernourished

(1990-1992 and 2010-2012)
1990-1992
2010-2012
1 000
750
million people
In more than one country, the difference between the prevalence of undernourishment and the prevalence of food inadequacy seems significant, showing that a considerable share
of the population is suffering from inadequate food intake,
even though chronic undernourishment is not widespread.
This is the case of countries that do not rank among the highest in terms of undernourishment, such as Bangladesh, India, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Swaziland and Kenya.
Further analysis of this type of evidence may provide a basis
for more targeted food policy interventions.
a Prevalence, WFS target
prevalence
The estimates for 20102012 were based on an improved

methodology, which was also applied to re-estimate data
from previous periods. Undernourishment remains disturbingly high in absolute terms, and progress in its reduction has slowed in the last few years. However, the decline
from 1990 to 1992 appears greater than previously thought,
meaning that the world is closer to achieving the MDG target. Progress has been faster in Asia and Latin America.
Both regions, considered as a whole, seem to be on track
for achieving the MDG target. Improvements have also been
recorded in sub-Saharan Africa, albeit at a slower pace. However, estimates for countries such as Burundi, Haiti, Eritrea,
Timor-Leste, the Comoros, Mozambique, the Sudan (former),
Yemen and many others give cause for considerable concern.
a Prevalence
number
To monitor progress towards the World Food Summit and

MDG targets, FAO regularly computes and publishes updated
estimates of the number of undernourished people and their
prevalence in the total population. In brief, this indicator
refers to the number and proportion of the population whose
energy intake is likely to fall below minimum requirements.
Figures presented in FAOs The State of Food Insecurity in the
World 2012 (SOFI) show that an estimated 870 million people, or 12.5 percent of the worlds population, were undernourished in 20102012. Of these people, 852 million were
reported to be citizens of developing countries.
CHART 24: Undernourishment in the developing world

(1990-1992 to 2010-2012)
percent undernourished
Number undernourished and their prevalence in the population
500
250
nomic Growth Is Necessary but Not Sufficient to Accellerate Reduction of Hunger and Malnutrition (www.fao.org/
publications/sofi/en/)
FAO Hunger Portal (www.fao.org/hunger)
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Further reading
HUNGER DIMENSIONS
MAP 16: Map of hunger (% prevalence of undernourishment, 2012)
No data available
0~<5
5 ~ < 15
15 ~ < 25
25 ~ < 35
35 ~ 100
25 ~ < 35
35 ~ 100
MAP 17: Prevalence of food inadequacy (percent, 2012)
No data available
0~<5
5 ~ < 15
15 ~ < 25
71
Anthropometric indicators
Anthropometric measures are an important element of the
new FAO suite of food security indicators. They convey information on the most dramatic and long-lasting consequences
of chronic and acute undernourishment. Measures in children under five years of age can approximate the nutritional
status of a population. Stunting is the outcome of prolonged
inadequate nutrition and/or repeated infections; wasting results from acute malnutrition; and low body weight reflects
a combination of chronic and acute malnutrition. Anthropometric data are less readily available than other indicators
and are not updated as regularly, which prevents full comparisons across countries, regions and time periods.
Between 2005 and 2011, one of four African countries reported a stunting rate of at least 40 percent, which is considered very high prevalence by the World Health Organization (WHO). Countries with high stunting rates are concentrated mainly in Middle and Southeastern Africa and the
Horn of Africa, but pockets are also found in parts of Western
Africa. Over the 20052011 period, stunting rates also exceeded 40 percent in South and South East Asia, with peaks
in Timor-Leste, Nepal, India and Lao Peoples Democratic
Republic. African countries show the highest rates of underweight prevalence. Between 2005 and 2011, 16 African
countries showed underweight rates of at least 20 percent,
with the highest levels recorded in the Horn of Africa.
Nutrition-related disorders are also prevalent in countries
where the number of undernourished is relatively low. In
Ghana, for instance, the prevalence of undernourishment
was reported to be less than 5 percent in 20102012, but
more than 28 percent of children under five years of age
were reported to be stunted in 20052011. A similar picture
emerges from the same indicators in Mali, where the prevalence of undernourishment was reported to be 8 percent,
with 28 percent of children under five years of age found to
be underweight. In Viet Nam, the prevalence of undernourishment was estimated to be 9 percent, while more than 20
percent of children under five years of age were reported
to be underweight. Such differences in trends and levels of
food security indicators may provide the basis for in-depth
analyses and the design of specific policy interventions. In
Ghana, for instance, policies may emphasize interventions
that ensure utilization of safe and nutritious food, and hygienic conditions. At the same time, the high availability of
food in the country, as shown by the average dietary energy
supply adequacy (see the section on Food availability), suggests that interventions to increase food supply could gradually be de-emphasized.
CHART 26: Percentage of children under 5 years of age

who are stunted and underweight, countries with
highest stunting rates (2005-2011*)
Stunted
Burundi
Timor-Leste
Niger
Rwanda
Ethiopia
Nepal
Madagascar
Guatemala
India
Malawi
Lao Peoples
Democratic Republic
DR Congo
Zambia
Benin
Papua New Guinea
Mozambique
Bangladesh
United Republic
of Tanzania
Somalia
Nigeria
Angola
0
Further reading
FAO Nutrition and Consumer Protection Division (www.fao.

org/food/)
UNICEF Nutrition (www.unicef.org/nutrition/)

WHO Nutrition and disorders (www.who.int/topics/
nutrition/en/)
72
20
40
percent
FAO The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2012 - Economic Growth Is Necessary but Not Sufficient to Accellerate Reduction of Hunger and Malnutrition (www.fao.org/
Underweight
60
HUNGER DIMENSIONS
MAP 18: Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are stunted (percent, 2005-2011*)
No data available
0 ~ < 10
10 ~ < 20
20 ~ < 30
30 ~ < 40
40 ~ 100
MAP 19: Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are underweight (percent, 2005-2011*)
No data available
0 ~ < 10
10 ~ < 20
20 ~ < 30
30 ~ < 40
40 ~ 100
73
There has been considerable progress in poverty reduction

over recent decades, but improvements have been uneven
across regions. In 1990, the share of people living in absolute poverty was still 43 percent. Since then, poverty
has fallen rapidly and significantly in China and other Asian
countries, while many countries in sub-Saharan Africa and
Southern Asia have shown less and slower progress. Overall, the MDG target of halving the number of people living
in absolute poverty has already been achieved, and further
progress can be expected by 2015.
Estimates of relative poverty, or inequality, generate a mixed
picture. In several Asian countries, inequality measured
by the Gini coefficient has been increasing since the early
1990s, reflecting growing disparities between rural and urban populations, fast industrialization, and increasing returns to more skilled labour. In contrast, inequality has declined in Africa because of faster economic growth, mainly
over the last decade. Even countries in Latin America and the
Caribbean, where inequality was significant some decades
ago, have made considerable progress.
Similar to food security, poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon, and needs to be assessed through several indicators; as already mentioned, the relative and absolute dimensions of poverty need to be taken into account. Even more
complex is the relationship between indicators of poverty on
the one hand, and those of malnutrition and undernourishment on the other. The indicators presented here show that
these two measures can frequently diverge.
In some countries, a large proportion of the population
living on less than US$2 per day is associated with a
high prevalence of undernourishment, such as in Burundi,
Ethiopia, Mozambique and Zambia. In other countries, however, a high proportion of population below the US$2 per day
poverty line is associated with a prevalence of food insecurity close to the regional average of 26 percent. This is the
case of the Central African Republic, Madagascar, Rwanda,
Liberia and Guinea. At the opposite extreme, there are countries Nigeria for example where a high level of poverty is
associated with prevalence of undernourishment below 10
percent.
It is also worth noting that the data available for a number
of important countries are not sufficiently complete to enable elaborate analyses about trends. For instance, in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo and Eritrea, poverty rates
are high but data on the prevalence of undernourishment
are not available.
CHART 27: People living on less than 2005 PPP $1.25

and $2 a day (1981-2005)
$1.25
2.0
1.5
1980
1985
worldbank.org/poverty)
74
1990
1995
2000
2005
CHART 28: Gini coefficient (1990-1992 and 2007-2009)
Africa
Asia
60
50
40
30
1990-92
Further reading
World Bank Poverty Reduction and Equity Group (wwwr.
$2
2.5
billion people
Poverty is the main determinant of hunger. Poor households generally spend large shares of their incomes on food,
and many of them even those engaged in farming are
net food buyers. Poor families inability to consume enough
food to meet dietary requirements can have long-lasting impacts on labour productivity, which hampers development
prospects.
2007-09
Poverty
Europe
LAC
HUNGER DIMENSIONS
MAP 20: Poverty gap at national poverty line (percent, 2005-2011*)
No data available
0.4 ~ < 3.4
3.4 ~ < 7.2
7.2 ~ < 10
10 ~ < 19
19 ~ 45.3
MAP 21: Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line, share of population (percent, 2005-2011*)
No data available
2.9 ~ < 14
14 ~ < 26
26 ~ < 35
35 ~ < 50
50 ~ 76.8
75
Food Availability
CHART 29: Average dietary supply adequacy

(1990-1992 and 2007-2009)
Availability is an important dimension of food security. Supplying enough food to the reference population is a necessary, but insufficient, condition for ensuring adequate access
for individuals.
Over recent decades, trends in food production per capita
have been generally positive across most regions. However,
growth rates in Africa have been lower for the last 20 years,
despite notable exceptions. On average, agricultural production in Africa has increased at slightly less than 1 percent per
year, compared with about 2 percent in developing countries
overall.
In most countries and regions, high food availability is associated with relatively low prevalence of undernourishment.
However, outcome indicators show that high food availability does not always guarantee high food security. In Egypt,
for instance, stunting affects 31 percent of children under
five years of age, while dietary supply adequacy is 45 percent higher than the average requirement. Similar situations
arise in Benin, Malawi, the Niger, Kazakhstan and Nicaragua,
where supply adequacy varied from approximately 110 to
140, while average stunting between 2005 and 2010 was reported to range from 20 to 45 percent. These data may point
to the presence of specific population groups suffering from
acute undernourishment, despite abundant food supplies.
Europe
Asia
LAC
Oceania
160
140
2007-2009
Insights into the availability dimension of food security can

be gathered through a number of indicators. The average
dietary energy supply adequacy, which expresses the dietary
energy supply as a percentage of the average dietary energy
requirement, has increased globally from 114 to 120 in the
last 20 years. At the same time, the share of energy provided
by cereals, roots and tubers has been gradually shrinking,
reaching 51 percent in 20072009. The amount of available
protein per person per day increased by 13 percent at the
world level between 19901992 and 20072009. However,
Africa still ranks low in this indicator compared with other
regions. The share of livestock products in protein supply
has also been growing globally, with developing countries
making great progress.
Africa
120
100
80
80
100
120
140
CHART 30: Trend of the value of food production

(1992-2009)
World
Developing
Asia
Developed
Africa
LAC
1995
2000
2005
I$/cap
400
300
200
Further reading
76
160
1990-1992
Oceania
HUNGER DIMENSIONS
CHART 31: Share of energy supply derived from cereals, roots and tubers (1990-1992 and 2007-2009)
1990-1992
2007-2009
percent
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CHART 32: Relative change in average protein supply

(between 1990-1992 and 2007-2009)
CHART 33: Relative change in average protein supply

from animal origin (between 1990-1992 and
2007-2009)
20
60
15
percent
percent
40
10
20
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Access to food is primarily determined by incomes, food

prices and the ability of households and individuals to obtain access to social support. Individuals access to food is
also heavily influenced by social variables, including gender
positioning and power hierarchies within households.
According to Engels law, the share of food expenditure in
disposable income is expected to decline as income levels
rise. This means that poor households spend a relatively
high share of their disposable incomes on food, making them
vulnerable to sudden increases in food prices or losses of
income. Empirically, the degree of exposure to real income
swings can be captured by the domestic food price level index, which is the ratio of the food purchasing power parity
(FPPP) to the general PPP. This indicator captures the importance of food in the overall consumption basket. The index is highest in least developed countries, and showed a
pronounced spike during the 2007/2008 rise in food prices.
More recently, the index has normalized overall, but is still
on a rising trend in developing countries.
The recent rise in international food prices has had diverse
consequences for consumers at the country level because
of several factors. These include the less than complete
price transmission from international to domestic markets,
which has several causes, including policies; and the extent
to which vulnerable population groups are net food buyers
or sellers. The result is that consumers have suffered a serious decline of purchasing power in some countries, while
remaining largely unaffected by higher prices in others.
CHART 34: Relative price of food by level of economic

development (2000-2012)
World
Developed
Developing
LDC
1.8
1.6
index
Economic and physical access
1.4
1.2
2000
2005
2010
CHART 35: Relative price of food by region (2000-2012)

Information on price changes is sparse, but sufficient to
indicate that the price increases of recent years have had
different impacts on food security outcomes. In Uganda,
for instance, food prices increased by 25 percent between
20032005 and 20102012, in step with an increase in the
prevalence of undernourishment by almost 30 percent; a
similar pattern has emerged in Paraguay. In some countries
however, a declining prevalence of undernourishment has
been accompanied by rising food prices, such as in China,
Nepal and Pakistan.
Asia
LAC
Oceania
1.9
1.7
index
As well as economic affordability, physical access to food is

also facilitated by adequate infrastructure, such as railway
lines and paved roads. These facilitate the functioning of
markets, help reduce price arbitrage, and improve the delivery of food and non-food products among regions and between rural and urban areas. Information on infrastructure
is even sparser than that on prices, but it shows a clear association with food security outcomes in more than one country.
Africa
1.5
1.3
Further reading
2000
2005
78
2010
Developed
HUNGER DIMENSIONS
MAP 22: Road density (per 100 km2 of land area, 2005-2009*)
No data available
0~<5
5 ~ < 12.5
12.5 ~ < 25
25 ~ < 75
75 ~ 3 850
MAP 23: Share of paved roads over total roads (percent, 2005-2009*)
No data available
0 ~ < 15
15 ~ < 30
30 ~ < 45
45 ~ < 60
60 ~ 100
79
30
20
10
Ninety percent of the population in Latin America and the

Caribbean have access to safe water. Similar trends exist
in Northern Africa and Eastern Asia. But it is as low as 61
percent in sub-Saharan Africa and 53 percent in Oceania.
Similar disparities are found within countries, particularly
between urban and rural areas.
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CHART 37: Percentage of population without

reasonable access to improved sanitation facilities
(2010)
1990
2010
percent
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There also appears to be a clear relationship between

hunger and access to improved sanitation at the country
level. For instance, Burundi, Zambia and the Comoros report
high levels of undernourishment (48 to 73 percent) and low
levels of access to improved sanitation (50 percent). However, there are also clear deviations from this rule: access to
improved sanitation is even lower in Cambodia, India and
Nepal, where the prevalence of undernourishment is less
than 20 percent.
op
The quantity of water available, the distance of wells from

dwellings, and the time needed for collection are just as important as access. Collecting water may constitute a significant burden for a substantial part of the population, particularly women, for whom water collection may come at the
expense of other productive activities.
Unlike the water target, the MDG sanitation target has not
yet been reached at the global level; given the current trend,
it is unlikely to be achieved by 2015. Substantial progress
has been recorded in developing countries over the last two
decades, with access to improved sanitation increasing from
36 to 56 percent of the population. Sub-Saharan Africa and
Southern Asia are the regions with the lowest coverage,
but while fast improvements are reported for Southern Asia,
sub-Saharan Africa records slower progress.
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In several countries, low levels of access to clean water are

associated with high levels of undernourishment and of underweight children, such as in Ethiopia, Mozambique, the
Sudan (former) and Zambia. While this association does not
allow the establishment of causality, it certainly warrants
further investigation.
2010
40
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In 2010, an estimated 11 percent of the worlds population

was living without access to adequate drinking-water. The
last 20 years have seen significant progress in this area, and
a decline from the much higher level of 24 percent in 1990.
The relevant MDG target (MDG 7, target 7.C) has already been
reached at the global level, but remarkable disparities persist among and within countries.
1990
De
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Access to clean water and sanitation facilities affects the

health conditions of individuals and households, and hence
their ability to utilize food. The bodys capacity to absorb
nutrients requires a good health status, especially in young
individuals. Time poverty, related to womens roles in water collection and storage, and the link between safe water and good sanitation on one hand, and child health and
well-being on the other also exert a profound influence on
the ability to utilize food.These two indicators are therefore
considered an important part of the suite of food security
indicators computed and monitored by FAO.
CHART 36: Percentage of population without

reasonable access to improved water sources (2010)
percent
Clean water and sanitation
HUNGER DIMENSIONS
MAP 24: Share of population without reasonable access to improved water sources (percent, 2010)
No data available
0~<4
4~<9
9 ~ < 25
25 ~ < 50
50 ~ 100
MAP 25: Share of population without reasonable access to improved sanitation facilities (percent, 2010)
No data available
0~<4
4~<9
9 ~ < 25
25 ~ < 50
50 ~ 100
81
1990-1992
15
At the country level, the outcome of the recent instability has

been affected by local conditions and the degree of integration into world markets. High food prices and high volatility
have caused considerable concerns in many countries with
particular exposure to world markets. These countries include Mexico for maize, the Philippines for rice, and Egypt
for wheat and bread.
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Countries vulnerability to price changes on world markets

also depends on their ability to generate foreign exchange
through exports. For this reason, a relevant indicator of food
security at the national level is the value share of staple
food imports relative to the value of merchandise exports.
Among regions, this indicator is highest for Oceania and several African countries.
2007-2009
20
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Since the mid-2000s, food and agricultural markets have

entered an unexpectedly turbulent phase, characterized by
large supply shortfalls, price swings and increased uncertainty about the worlds ability to feed itself. These uncertainties have had direct and adverse impacts on food security. On the demand side, high and volatile prices have
meant not only that consumers have had to adjust their current food intake, but also that they have been forced to prepare for higher volatility in the future, hence saving more.
The poorer the household, the stronger the impact, as poor
households spend a proportionally higher share of their incomes on food. On the supply side, more variability implies
lower ability to invest and a higher risk of losing the invested
capital and inputs.
CHART 38: Value of cereal imports over total

merchandise exports (1990-1992 and 2007-2009)
percent
Economic and political stability
CHART 39: Cereal import dependency ratio (1990-1992

and 2007-2009)
1990-1992
2007-2009
100
percent
75
50
25
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HUNGER DIMENSIONS
CHART 40: Domestic food price volatility (1995-2012)
World
Developed
Developing
Africa
Asia
LAC
Oceania
80
index
60
40
20
0
1995
2000
2005
2010
CHART 41: Per capita food production variability (1990-2012)
World
Developed
Developing
Africa
Asia
LAC
Oceania
index
7.5
5.0
2.5
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
83
2010
50
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30
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Political stability and the absence of civil strife and violence

are other key determinants of food security. The basic rationale behind this relationship is straightforward and reflects
the functioning of the overall economy, peoples ability to
generate income and governments capacity to support the
poor. Women and children are normally more vulnerable
to political and economic instability. Low political stability
is associated with a high prevalence of undernourishment,
ranging from approximately 20 to 70 percent in countries
such as Cte dIvoire, the Central African Republic, Burundi
and Ethiopia.
2000
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In some countries, a high prevalence of undernourishment

has been associated with relatively low variability in supply
in recent years. For instance, in Burundi, Eritrea and Zambia,
between 2005 and 2011, the prevalence of undernourishment varied between 47 and 73 percent, while the deviation
of production from the trends was within 30 percent. At the
other extreme, are countries such as Kazakhstan, where supply variability has been as high as 143 percent since 2005,
but the prevalence of undernourishment has remained below 5 percent.
CHART 42: Domestic food price volatility by level of

economic development (2000 and 2010)
index
Fluctuations in food production, supply and prices also convey important information about the vulnerability of countries and their populations. Three indicators are computed
as deviations of the relevant three variables from the trend
for the previous five years. Plotting of these indicators highlights sharp fluctuations over recent years, but no trends.
High-income countries show high variability of production,
but smaller price variability than in other country groups.
In developing countries, production variability tends to be
lower than price variability. Among major regions, Oceania
and Latin America and the Caribbean show the widest fluctuations in production over the past decade, while variability
has been lower in Asia.
CHART 43: Domestic food price volatility by region

(2000 and 2010)
2000
2010
60
index
40
20
Further reading
FAO The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2012 - Eco-
Global Information and Early Warning System (www.fao.

org/giews/english/index.htm)
Prakash
(2011)
volatility/vgm/en/)
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(www.fao.org/economic/est/issues/
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nomic Growth Is Necessary but Not Sufficient to Accellerate Reduction of Hunger and Malnutrition (www.fao.org/
HUNGER DIMENSIONS
CHART 44: Per capita food supply variability (1995-2009)
World
Developed
Developing
Africa
Asia
LAC
Oceania
index
20
10
1995
2000
2005
MAP 26: Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (index, 2009)
No data available
2.5 ~ < 1.3
1.3 ~ < 0
0 ~ < 0.4
0.4 ~ < 1
1 ~ 2.5
85
Education and health
CHART 45: Girls and boys enrolment in primary

education (2010)
Defeating chronic hunger and poverty requires investments

in people and their productivity. Health care, clean water
and sanitation, social services and education are primary
means of improving a populations potential and its ability
to generate sustainable incomes.
Education, particularly for women, is a proven and important
means of combating child malnutrition and infant mortality. Literacy and education show a positive correlation with
living conditions for women and their children, along with
knowledge on improved child feeding practices, food preservation and better sanitation.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
LAC
Europe
100
boys (percent net)
80
The average primary completion rate in low- and middleincome countries increased by 15 percent between the early
1990s and 2010, with faster improvements for girls. However, wide disparities remain in both access to and equality
of educational attainments for girls and boys, both among
and within countries, particularly in those dominated by
large rural poor populations. In Africa, 72 percent of children completed primary school, compared with nearly 100
percent in most parts of Latin America. Relatively low education levels are found to be associated with a high prevalence of undernourishment, ranging from 40 to 70 percent
in countries such as Eritrea and Uganda.
60
40
40
60
80
100
girls (percent net)
The extent and quality of health care systems, especially for

poor and vulnerable population groups, is a key determinant
of food access conditions and hence food security outcomes.
Health care systems are mostly financed from a mix of government resources, the private sector, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and foreign assistance. The distribution
of expenditure on health care across countries is vastly uneven, as are the amounts of resources employed. The International Labour Organization (ILO) found that only one
in five people in the world had broad-based social security
protection against illness, while more than half the worlds
population lacked social protection.
Africa
Europe
Oceania
Asia
LAC
World
10
percent
In 2010, an average of 10 percent of global GDP was spent

on health care, ranging from 17 percent in Northern America, to 7.7 percent in Latin America and the Caribbean and 3.6
percent in South-Eastern Asia. Estimates vary more widely
at the country level. In general, a low share of GDP invested
in health care is associated with a high prevalence of undernourishment. Examples include countries such as Eritrea,
the Plurinational State of Bolivia and Sri Lanka.
CHART 46: Total health expenditure, share of GDP

(1995-2010)
Further reading
6
UNESCO education (www.unesco.org/new/en/education/)

UNICEF Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (www.unicef.org/
wash/)
UNDP Human Development Report 2010 - The Real Wealth

of Nations: Pathways to Human Development (hdr.undp.org/
en/reports/global/hdr2010/)
ODonovan (2008)
86
5
1995
2000
2005
2010
HUNGER DIMENSIONS
MAP 27: Adult female literacy rate, share of females ages 15 and above (percent, 2005-2010*)
No data available
15 ~ < 57
57 ~ < 84
84 ~ < 92
92 ~ < 96
96 ~ 100
MAP 28: Primary completion rate, total (percent, 2005-2010*)
No data available
34 ~ < 74
74 ~ < 92
92 ~ < 98
98 ~ < 100
100 ~ 135
87
2.5
Indicators of risks therefore have to be considered among

those that highlight the causes of food insecurity. Two
groups of indicators are considered here: those from the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
(UNHCR), reflecting political and military conditions; and
those from the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology
of Disasters (CRED), reporting on natural disasters such as
droughts, floods and extreme temperatures.
UNHCR computes the number of people exposed to risks
arising from political and military events. In 2011, about 31
million people were classified as population of concern
refugees, people who have been internally displaced by conflict, and asylum seekers. Four-fifths of the worlds refugees
are hosted in developing countries, including some of the
worlds poorest countries, thus increasing the strain both in
terms of refugee numbers and in relation to the size of their
economies.
5.0
W
or
ld
Eu
Oc
ea
ni
a
LA
C
ro
p
a
Af
ric
CHART 48: UNHCR total population of concern by type

over time (2000-2011)
Total refugees
Others and stateless
Internally displaced
Prevalence of undernourishment ranging from about 30 to

65 percent is associated with large numbers of population
at risk in countries such as Eritrea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
Elsewhere, a high share of the population is at risk, but data
on undernourishment are neither available nor easy to collect, such as in Afghanistan and Somalia.
20
million people
CRED recorded 332 natural disasters in 2011, with more than

30 000 deaths. The single largest event was the flood in
China, which affected 67.9 million people in June 2011. In
many countries, food insecurity seems to correlate to a high
share of population exposed to natural disasters. Examples include Eritrea and Malawi, where undernourishment
ranged from 23 to 65 percent; Swaziland and Zambia, with
undernourishment rates of 27 to 47 percent; and Tajikistan,
with 30 percent prevalence of undernourishment.
0.0
ia
Food insecurity is one of the most common outcomes for

countries in protracted crises. Those identified by FAO contain approximately 160 million undernourished people, who
account for nearly 40 percent of the countries combined
population and 20 percent of all the undernourished people in the world.
7.5
As
Armed conflict and natural disasters threaten food security, especially in countries and areas where poverty is high,
livelihoods are unsustainable and institutions are fragile.
Risks tend to be higher for women and vulnerable population groups. FAO has identified 22 countries in a state of
protracted crisis, defined as those environments in which
a significant proportion of the population is acutely vulnerable to death, disease and disruption of livelihoods over a
prolonged period of time (FAO, 2010b). Of these countries,
17 are in sub-Saharan Africa.
CHART 47: Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures share of population affected (average 1990-2009)
percent
Natural and human-made risks
10
Further reading
Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters
(www.cred.be/)
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (www.

unhcr.org)
Internal
Displacement
Monitoring
(www.internal-displacement.org/)
88
Centre
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Source: Statistical Online Population Database .
2010
HUNGER DIMENSIONS
MAP 29: Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (share of population affected, average 1990-2009)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.011
0.011 ~ < 0.1
0.1 ~ < 0.64
0.64 ~ < 1.9
1.9 ~ 9.227
MAP 30: UNHCR total population of concern (thousand people, 2011)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.001
0.001 ~ < 0.11
0.11 ~ < 1.3
1.3 ~ < 18
18 ~ 4 327
Source: Statistical Online Population Database.
89
TABLE 12: Outcomes: Inadequate access to food
World
Developing countries
Africa
North Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Sub-Saharan Africa
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Runion
Rwanda
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Swaziland
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
90
Inadequate access to food

% of food
depth of the food deficit
expenditure of the
poor
prevalence of
number of
undernourishment
%
%
undernourished
million
million
people
people
1990-92
2010-12
1990-92
2010-12
18.6
23.2
27.3
<5
5.2
<5
<5
7.1
<5
12.5
14.9
22.9
<5
<5
<5
<5
5.5
<5
1 000
980
175
5
1
1
868
852
239
4
1
1
32.8
63.9
22.4
27.4
22.9
49
38.7
12.2
49.5
61.1
43.5
42.8
13.7
26.8
27.4
8.1
27.9
25.9
73.4
15.7
8.9
30
33.4
70
37.4
21.4
170
7
1
234
5
1
1
4
6
3
68
19.8
2
3
5
%
2000-10*
60
47
1
4
1
2
2
1
4
1
2
4
34
45
kcal/cap/day
2007-09
1990-92
2010-12
26.1
32
34.7
7
9.2
5.5
<5
10.7
<5
19.1
22.5
28.9
5.8
7
<5
<5
9.7
<5
235
505
138
178
143
349
266
72
372
502
361
312
78
202
202
64
240
172
640
101
71
233
284
607
245
122
601
174
41.1
71.5
30.5
35
31.1
56
49.2
20.8
58.9
68.8
51.8
52.6
21.1
11.6
78
33.3
36.1
13.2
41.1
31.3
81.4
23
17.4
40.7
40.1
77.8
47.5
27.5
55.6
29.2
59
121
294
112
139
227
101
228
154
329
156
73
58
584
377
37
81
35
93
91
216
110
208
188
142
52
46
38
82.2
77.5
16.8
25.6
54.5
24.7
29.9
45
24.6
37
33.1
54.2
32.9
18.9
15.5
75.4
46.9
12.7
20.3
6.7
22.9
14.8
42
24.7
39
42.1
30.8
12
14.3
11.4
446
259
248
120
298
234
77
42
65.2
47.4
44.3
29.7
46.1
46.8
16.9
13.1
395
249
60.7
38.1
142
137
85
328
46
104
51
243
32.1
30.6
25.7
51
79
9.3
13.1
29.6
15.2
37.9
74.3
6.2
51.8
46.2
23.1
44.1
35.8
38.1
43.1
52.5
42.3
25
42
46.7
56.3
42.4
2
34
57.1
37.5
36.9
19.3
39.2
33.9
12.6
8.5
8
1
3
19
9
1
2
14
81
52.6
28.9
59
22.6
21.7
14.6
41.9
7.7
20.5
8.6
28.8
2
5
2
2
6
1
49
29
21
11
18
72
1
5
8
3
5
1
12
18
6
4
85
59
77
77
296
94
222
163
184
229
334
293
185
129
198
249
352
258
42.1
16.1
32.8
26.6
29.4
34.3
44.1
<5
39.4
27
16.5
34.6
38.8
47.4
32.8
6
1
1
2
13
76
1
3
4
2
1
7
4
1
78
79
49
51
97
117
171
17
25
10
10
32
5
65.4
40.2
6.5
14.4
<5
17.3
8.7
30.4
16.6
31.4
33.4
23.1
7.9
9.3
5.7
57
47
130
162
195
21
30
13
5
40
5
72.4
68
10.1
19.5
40.5
18.4
22
35.6
16.9
32.9
24.8
44.8
25.3
12.4
8.6
<5
4
34
82
kcal/cap/day
1990-92
prevalence of food inadequacy
TABLE 12: Outcomes: Inadequate access to food (continued)
Asia
Caucasus and Central Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
East Asia
China
Korea
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
East Asia (excluding China)
South Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
South Asia (excluding India)
South East Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
West Asia
Bahrain
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen

% of food
expenditure of the
poor
prevalence of
number of
undernourishment
%
%
undernourished
million
million
people
people
1990-92
2010-12
1990-92
2010-12
23.7
12.8
22.8
23
60.4
<5
15.5
31
9.5
<5
20.8
13.9
7.4
<5
<5
24.7
<5
6.4
31.7
<5
6.1
11.5
25.4
32
37.5
<5
10.4
26.8
24.2
<5
11.7
17.6
34.6
16.8
26.9
<5
10.9
25.9
26.4
33.9
26.4
29.6
<5
39.9
19.9
44.6
<5
17.5
<5
5.6
18
19.9
24
17.8
10.9
<5
17.1
8.6
27.8
<5
24.2
17
43.8
40.1
46.9
6.6
7.3
38.2
9
10.1
6.7
28.7
<5
17.9
<5
<5
<5
31
<5
<5
<5
<5
28.6
<5
<5
<5
<5
32.4
739
9
1
2
3
%
2000-10*
563
6
kcal/cap/day
1990-92
165
kcal/cap/day
2007-09
1990-92
2010-12
33
18.6
39
37.6
75.1
<5
27
42.5
15.8
8.2
16.4
21.9
12.9
8
<5
33.3
<5
13.3
40.2
7.2
13.5
18.9
64
62
54
1
2
74
1
261
2
167
151
111
64
25
15
282
4
58
306
29
53
80
183
315
36.4
49
1
1
7
327
7
37
248
7
115
135
49
5.3
33.8
<5
9
304
12
25
265
13
74
175
65
235
115
33.6
54.4
42
25.9
45.2
26.8
240
2
217
4
68
5
30
6
87
134
5
35
5
87
65
27.5
9.5
11.4
25.9
27.7
32
2
21
2
1
10
16
135
36
48
139
157
228
133
93
6
145
83
212
18
35.4
5.6
17.6
34.9
34.9
44.8
4
37
2
1
17
15
176
17
59
160
165
245
175
214
14
250
129
332
23
155
97
40.1
6.3
49.7
30.3
52.9
9.2
57.3
32.9
18.1
<5
27.1
15.8
38.3
6.9
29.5
23.8
25
15.5
46.1
8
21
65
67
187
96
63
54.6
53.1
32
8
357
280
357
39
9.7
14.2
49
38
215
23
104
23
8
23
166
15
10.2
51.9
6.9
26.6
32.9
7.6
<5
7
42.4
21
27
3
6
168
15
17
6
19
200
6.5
7.8
<5
<5
37.2
6.4
5.8
<5
9.5
41.5
35
72
75
84
22
84
61
31
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
37
43
91

Caribbean
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Haiti
Jamaica
Martinique
Montserrat
Netherlands Antilles
Puerto Rico
Saint Lucia
Trinidad and Tobago
Latin America
Argentina
Belize
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Oceania
American Samoa
Cook Islands
Fiji
French Polynesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
New Caledonia
Niue
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
92

% of food
expenditure of the
poor
prevalence of
number of
undernourishment
%
%
undernourished
million
million
people
people
1990-92
2010-12
1990-92
2010-12
14.6
28.5
8.3
17.8
18.5
%
kcal/cap/day
2007-09
1990-92
2010-12
98
224
63
149
21.8
36.6
15.2
24.7
20.5
127
169
26.2
32.5
11.3
<5
7.2
<5
75
20
52
25
18.1
6.8
15.4
8.8
11.5
<5
30.4
17.3
<5
<5
15.4
17.9
1
2
79
31
213
112
8
19
109
174
15.8
9.5
44.9
25.9
<5
5.7
25.5
28.7
63.5
9
44.5
8.7
550
59
402
53
70.9
17.7
53.2
17
69
24
108
78
131
89
129
90
41
81
23.2
20.7
30.6
20
25.6
24.6
10.8
17.1
88
12
52
228
96
53
127
24
156
94
57
22
46
185
62
25
83
31
128
72
20.7
5.4
15.4
45.1
21.9
17.6
29.3
8.1
38.6
23
14.5
9.6
12.6
35.6
12.3
10
20.2
13.1
30.7
19.8
93
139
128
22
423
153
127
219
120
49
85
82
196
49
66
3
160
87
114
103
96
31
25
73
25.3
32.5
29.2
8.3
62.8
34.3
29.8
42.5
28
16.1
21.3
21.3
37.8
8.8
15.1
10
28.3
19.2
36.4
20.1
21.3
12.2
6.4
19.9
39
24
21
23
12
8.2
7.9
8.3
53
40
15.1
13.7
42
38
11.2
8.9
9.8
65
9
2000-10*
kcal/cap/day
1990-92
49
7
<5
15.8
11.9
19.2
13.6
14
14.6
<5
9.3
13.6
<5
9.2
34.6
14.9
8.1
19.1
<5
24.5
15.6
7.7
<5
6.8
24.1
6.9
<5
12.6
6.5
18.3
12.3
57
1
42
2
2
23
1
6
2
13
1
6
54
44
3
1
3
1
54
16.2
19.7
21.4
<5
55.1
22.8
19.7
32.6
17.7
7.3
13.5
13.6
30.4
5.1
9.6
<5
20.1
10.2
25.5
11.2
11.4
<5
<5
12.1
53
1
3
2
1
1
7
1
2
1
3
1
1
1
6.2
<5
<5
<5
8.8
6.7
2
3
8.2
<5
43
63
52
57
61
22
12.8
23
<5
12.7
80
140
21
77
23.5
17.9
33.1
22.9
8.1
20.3
11.3
8.5
64
39
16.8
13.2
Developed countries
Albania
Andorra
Australia
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bermuda
Bulgaria
Canada
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
France
Germany
Gibraltar
Greece
Greenland
Holy See
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
San Marino
Serbia
Serbia and Montenegro
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Macedonia
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Least developed countries
Landlocked developing countries
Small island developing States
Low income economies
Lower-middle-income economies
Low-income food-deficit countries
prevalence of
number of
undernourishment
%
%
undernourished
million
million
people
people
1990-92
2010-12
1990-92
2010-12
<5
<5
21

% of food
expenditure of the
poor
%
2000-10*
17
30
43
15
53
35
28
21
11
46
19
24
34
20
kcal/cap/day
1990-92
1990-92
2010-12
<5
19.3
<5
15.4
10
2
5
1
7
1
68
19
55
3
11
68
7
4
25
<5
<5
<5
<5
14.5
19.2
9.3
5.4
33.5
13.3
5.9
<5
20.2
<5
<5
<5
<5
10
8.3
16.9
<5
<5
20.3
<5
<5
7.9
14
2
5
8
2
2
5.1
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
2
12
1
1
2
15
8
4
1
1
31
27
<5
5
<5
<5
<5
6.5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
14.2
10.2
9
2
4
11.4
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
42
8
9
3
5
2
136
3
12
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
26.6
6.6
10
13.1
<5
5.3
<5
<5
<5
35.3
<5
5.3
1
47
27
11
126
38
9
3
8
56
72
9
70
59
17
49
12
54
51
11
kcal/cap/day
2007-09
9
6
8
4
4
15
42
52
24
11
21
18
37.9
35.4
25.4
37.9
24.4
27.6
30.6
27.1
16.9
30.1
15.6
19.8
201
96
11
192
441
543
260
113
9
245
395
573
6
17
4
6
2
283
270
193
275
162
187
13.1
37
6
8
12
3
29
17
10.6
9.6
<5
7.9
<5
12.4
12.4
<5
<5
5.3
<5
11.1
8
3
1
236
213
134
237
114
151
7
<5
<5
46
42.6
33.6
46.3
32.9
36.1
<5
<5
<5
38.5
34.2
23.9
38.4
23.8
28.2
93
TABLE 13: Outcomes: Utilization
underweight
%
1990-95*
World
Africa
North Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Sub-Saharan Africa
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Runion
Rwanda
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Swaziland
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
94
11.3
8.2
4.2
8.1
8.1
29.6
18.0
11.8
23.3
%
2005-11*
3.7
6.8
5.6
3.3
15.6
20.2
11.2
26.0
35.2
16.6
16.2
20.9
30.7
Utilization
children under 5 years of age
stunted
%
1990-95*
%
2005-11*
22.5
31.3
21.1
29.9
30.9
15.9
30.7
21.0
40.7
36.3
21.4
40.2
31.5
51.0
40.9
26.5
43.3
13.0
15.8
14.3
20.8
17.2
16.4
13.5
20.4
13.8
27.9
15.9
%
1990-95*
9.6
4.1
3.6
2.6
4.5
15.5
4.5
6.9
9.2
11.2
11.4
39.8
39.2
54.1
53.8
54.8
13.6
4.0
7.9
6.5
5.3
3.4
8.2
8.4
7.2
11.3
9.0
7.3
8.0
14.0
14.0
26.0
27.6
28.6
40.0
28.1
35.2
39.0
39.4
49.2
47.8
38.5
23.0
12.3
14.6
14.0
9.4
3.2
16.4
8.5
17.4
15.7
7.4
8.7
8.3
5.6
7.0
3.9
7.8
19.2
4.1
15.3
8.1
23.9
21.5
41.0
35.1
18.3
17.5
39.9
26.7
59.9
35.7
48.3
43.8
43.7
29.6
54.8
41.0
9.6
9.6
18.9
20.6
4.2
7.5
12.4
14.4
24.3
18.0
56.8
51.7
5.0
4.8
21.9
14.4
14.5
33.7
31.6
20.1
9.4
11.2
8.7
25.4
8.0
31.8
21.5
25.1
21.2
11.7
21.3
32.8
8.7
40.9
31.7
7.3
20.5
16.4
16.2
14.9
14.0
38.6
28.7
45.0
49.7
46.4
28.9
underweight
%
1990-2011*
11.8
50.7
33.5
35.3
%
2005-11*
5.8
31.2
39.0
45.8
32.6
69.6
34.6
19.8
13.8
29.2
44.7
31.4
35.1
57.7
36.4
39.2
11.8
29.4
28.2
29.6
36.9
25.1
21.2
9.0
adults
wasted
37.4
42.1
23.9
10.2
37.9
40.4
26.9
38.7
42.5
45.8
35.8
18.8
10.3
7.0
7.9
6.3
6.3
10.5
13.2
4.7
8.6
21.0
1.1
6.0
6.3
4.9
5.6
7.3
9.9
TABLE 13: Outcomes: Utilization (continued)
underweight
%
1990-95*
Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
East Asia
China
Korea
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
South East Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
West Asia
Bahrain
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
6.7
%
2005-11*
4.2
8.4
1.1
4.9
2.7
15.0
Utilization
stunted
%
1990-95*
19.0
%
2005-11*
18.2
26.8
11.3
17.5
18.1
39.2
adults
wasted
%
1990-95*
7.3
8.5
%
2005-11*
5.5
6.8
1.6
3.7
3.4
6.7
4.4
19.6
4.5
18.8
32.4
5.2
10.8
5.3
32.5
27.5
2.3
2.7
58.0
41.3
12.7
43.5
68.5
43.2
33.5
47.9
15.7
17.5
5.9
20.0
50.7
13.8
39.0
44.1
34.2
27.4
35.9
17.7
38.7
26.3
15.4
17.8
38.8
29.0
17.5
31.6
12.9
40.9
35.6
47.6
17.2
12.3
10.8
14.8
7.3
9.4
9.1
6.9
20.7
7.6
10.4
4.8
9.2
7.1
1.9
1.7
2.2
8.6
5.3
10.1
50.4
38.9
18.1
32.3
52.5
15.7
57.7
30.5
13.5
4.7
18.9
9.7
13.6
27.6
20.5
14.9
27.5
8.3
3.8
6.6
4.4
3.8
12.0
5.8
1.6
1.8
21.4
11.6
21.4
26.5
24.1
52.4
11.8
9.8
9.3
27.5
6.7
7.0
2.1
2.9
10.4
3.8
4.9
4.7
32.9
5.9
31.2
11.8
52.9
3.7
10.2
12.7
19.2
40.6
29.6
20.3
49.3
21.1
8.1
18.9
7.5
17.2
21.6
7.0
45.3
20.2
10.0
4.8
13.5
11.3
9.0
57.1
24.4
33.0
64.5
42.7
underweight
%
1990-2011*
13.5
9.6
12.3
9.2
19.2
26.5
3.0
2.5
1.8
7.1
11.8
11.5
7.0
3.5
14.3
95
underweight
%
1990-95*
Caribbean
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Haiti
Jamaica
Martinique
Montserrat
Puerto Rico
Saint Lucia
Trinidad and Tobago
Latin America
Argentina
Belize
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Oceania
American Samoa
Cook Islands
Fiji
French Polynesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
New Caledonia
Niue
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
96
%
2005-11*
Utilization
stunted
%
1990-95*
%
2005-11*
adults
wasted
%
1990-95*
%
2005-11*
underweight
%
1990-2011*
3.2
34.6
8.4
3.4
21.2
10.1
2.2
2.3
24.0
4.0
18.9
1.9
37.2
9.5
29.7
5.7
9.4
4.5
10.3
2.7
1.7
5.4
12.6
7.1
8.2
22.2
27.2
7.1
2.0
12.7
5.6
1.6
0.8
6.3
1.9
2.3
4.9
4.5
2.2
0.5
3.4
1.1
1.2
1.9
1.4
1.6
0.3
0.9
1.0
7.2
6.6
29.5
20.6
1.4
1.6
21.7
16.1
16.1
13.0
10.8
8.6
3.4
5.7
55.4
48.0
18.2
29.9
15.5
23.0
3.8
1.1
8.3
1.4
2.0
1.5
2.8
8.8
3.4
4.5
7.5
18.3
37.3
17.5
28.2
10.7
0.6
1.9
1.1
0.8
4.9
4.1
3.7
18.9
15.6
3.8
5.0
9.6
35.2
3.9
19.7
45.7
29.6
5.3
0.5
1.7
2.7
2.4
4.0
0.8
3.9
1.0
0.1
11.8
6.9
4.3
9.8
6.1
0.5
18.1
43.9
4.4
11.5
32.8
4.3
1.6
11.7
10.0
25.9
3.3
5.9
1.9
underweight
%
1990-95*
Developed countries
Albania
Andorra
Australia
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bermuda
Bulgaria
Canada
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
France
Germany
Gibraltar
Greece
Greenland
Holy See
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Macedonia
Ukraine
United Kingdom
%
2005-11*
Utilization
stunted
%
1990-95*
6.3
%
2005-11*
adults
wasted
%
1990-95*
23.1
%
2005-11*
underweight
%
1990-2011*
9.4
1.0
2.0
1.3
4.5
2.2
3.8
1.6
0.5
1.0
0.9
11.8
1.6
0.6
3.1
4.0
3.9
2.6
0.2
4.3
2.4
2.2
4.6
1.7
2.8
2.4
4.9
1.1
1.3
1.0
2.0
2.3
0.8
3.4
11.5
3.5
2.4
2.6
2.2
7.9
4.2
1.3
5.0
2.2
2.2
3.2
5.0
11.3
11.2
1.8
5.8
3.3
8.1
3.0
4.5
4.7
1.8
2.0
3.5
1.8
0.9
11.5
3.2
3.4
0.7
5.1
2.4
97
TABLE 14: Poverty

Headcount ratio
in $ per day (PPP)
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
98
in $ per day (PPP)
Poverty gap
at national
poverty
line
at rural
poverty
line
GINI
coefficient
Income share
held by
held by
highest
lowest
20%
20%
1.25
%
2005-11*
2
%
2005-11*
1.25
%
2005-11*
2
%
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
index
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
81.3
93.5
36.4
56.1
23.4
24.2
33.3
42.8
9.0
39.0
43.4
81.3
77.6
67.2
92.6
9.6
16.9
43.3
28.9
31.8
60.1
8.3
16.3
26.8
8.5
17.5
28.9
29.8
47.7
44.1
39.4
53.2
50.1
9.3
4.8
5.4
59.6
81.8
25.1
42.9
21.2
22.2
45.7
51.5
5.2
63.2
0.2
82.4
1.8
26.6
0.1
44.6
0.3
14.8
26.0
50.8
65.8
56.8
69.6
5.2
3.7
38.0
67.9
68.5
64.7
87.9
82.5
12.2
28.1
37.0
27.4
47.5
51.8
6.8
9.9
28.5
7.6
11.0
38.8
44.3
37.6
54.6
50.7
44.8
59.4
5.8
6.8
3.6
9.6
62.8
30.4
80.1
1.2
31.3
8.2
46.8
12.3
33.1
17.5
35.0
38.9
56.3
46.2
60.6
6.7
3.4
54.1
87.7
74.4
95.2
22.8
52.8
38.8
67.6
53.1
50.6
5.0
5.5
19.6
0.9
5.0
20.6
34.9
49.8
16.0
47.3
44.4
4.8
18.9
32.2
45.3
10.0
24.8
41.5
48.2
6.2
1.7
15.4
0.4
2.8
30.8
40.3
9.2
2.5
14.0
0.5
3.2
40.9
45.5
35.3
47.9
6.5
42.4
6.8
41.4
47.9
5.9
63.1
51.5
68.2
56.6
2.7
4.0
3.6
23.7
16.2
26.5
21.3
%
2005-11*
19.8
44.1
5.5
15.4
1.4
8.1
0.3
1.8
13.8
40.6
31.3
60.4
2.3
16.0
10.2
29.3
7.0
44.6
23.8
72.6
46.3
14.7
7.5
31.7
17.8
15.1
15.3
8.1
17.4
20.3
14.3
39.8
41.5
47.0
47.6
6.7
5.6
28.6
43.3
51.8
69.6
9.9
15.0
21.3
31.0
9.6
17.6
13.5
22.0
42.8
39.4
48.5
46.2
5.2
6.3
83.8
50.4
23.4
43.6
68.0
94.9
78.7
47.7
75.2
84.5
40.9
16.4
6.8
12.4
33.7
59.6
35.2
17.7
30.8
50.2
24.4
13.2
14.5
19.6
26.3
38.2
33.0
40.5
34.5
48.8
45.0
41.3
47.0
43.1
54.0
6.4
8.0
6.0
8.1
4.4
33.5
60.4
10.8
24.7
16.4
21.5
39.2
45.9
6.2
38.7
69.3
11.4
27.9
22.9
29.3
34.4
42.4
7.6
22.3
21.2
TABLE 14: Poverty (continued)

Headcount ratio
in $ per day (PPP)
1.25
%
2005-11*
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
2
%
2005-11*
in $ per day (PPP)
1.25
%
2005-11*
Poverty gap
at national
poverty
line
2
%
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
at rural
poverty
line
%
2005-11*
GINI
coefficient
Income share
held by
held by
highest
lowest
20%
20%
index
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
0.9
1.9
0.6
0.9
44.5
49.4
4.4
15.6
24.9
8.6
13.1
56.3
59.3
2.1
6.1
10.8
3.6
5.4
54.7
58.6
2.8
1.4
8.2
3.1
2.7
15.8
6.0
0.7
3.8
1.8
1.2
6.8
2.7
52.1
55.9
50.7
57.7
60.1
55.9
4.3
3.0
3.8
2.2
4.6
9.0
9.9
10.6
16.9
0.5
2.1
4.4
2.4
4.1
7.6
47.2
49.3
48.3
52.8
53.8
53.1
4.7
4.3
3.7
13.5
26.3
4.7
10.5
55.9
60.3
3.1
17.9
29.8
9.3
14.8
57.0
59.9
2.0
1.1
5.2
0.3
1.3
48.3
53.7
4.7
11.9
6.6
7.2
4.9
31.7
13.8
13.2
12.7
2.4
2.1
3.0
1.3
9.6
5.1
5.7
4.1
40.5
51.9
52.4
48.1
47.2
56.4
56.4
52.6
6.2
3.3
3.3
3.9
0.2
6.6
1.2
12.9
0.1
3.7
0.3
5.9
45.3
44.8
50.9
49.4
4.9
4.3
0.1
6.2
6.6
1.1
21.7
27.7
0.0
1.4
1.2
0.2
6.0
7.0
29.0
36.2
30.8
38.4
43.4
39.4
9.1
6.8
8.3
1.3
99

Headcount ratio
in $ per day (PPP)
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
100
1.25
%
2005-11*
2
%
2005-11*
13.1
29.8
in $ per day (PPP)
1.25
%
2005-11*
3.2
Poverty gap
at national
poverty
line
2
%
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
at rural
poverty
line
%
2005-11*
10.1
GINI
coefficient
Income share
held by
held by
highest
lowest
20%
20%
index
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
42.5
47.9
5.0
10.1
13.4
36.5
44.0
7.1
37.9
34.0
36.7
46.2
45.9
42.8
44.8
51.5
7.5
8.3
7.6
4.5
22.8
18.1
33.9
0.0
53.3
46.1
66.0
2.3
4.9
3.3
8.9
0.0
17.4
14.3
24.8
0.2
7.2
2.1
8.3
2.6
0.8
1.8
18.4
41.5
3.7
13.8
7.2
43.0
49.7
6.0
0.4
37.4
16.9
4.6
72.8
43.4
0.0
8.9
3.8
0.8
27.0
13.5
3.5
4.6
40.0
31.9
35.6
47.2
41.3
43.4
6.7
8.9
7.4
43.2
10.2
32.7
1.4
76.5
29.8
68.7
8.0
11.2
1.8
7.5
0.3
30.4
8.5
24.4
1.8
7.9
6.5
6.1
6.2
8.3
7.3
8.1
6.8
27.8
32.1
38.1
33.4
38.3
37.5
41.4
45.1
42.4
45.2
9.4
8.9
6.6
8.6
6.4
24.8
21.0
7.0
57.2
60.2
29.1
5.5
3.5
1.0
19.0
17.9
7.4
5.6
6.0
1.7
1.8
32.8
30.0
40.3
41.5
40.0
47.8
8.3
9.6
6.9
1.3
0.4
12.4
2.8
0.2
0.1
2.3
0.6
7.8
7.3
30.9
33.7
39.8
42.1
8.8
8.0
15.3
2.8
32.2
21.4
4.6
0.4
11.7
4.4
7.2
4.5
9.2
9.0
41.3
30.9
47.1
39.9
5.3
8.7
0.1
1.6
0.0
0.2
2.6
35.4
43.6
7.7
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.1
4.9
35.5
43.4
7.4
41.1
52.0
3.9
39.0
45.1
5.7
37.7
45.3
7.2
27.2
28.2
36.4
36.7
9.2
8.5
31.2
34.1
33.0
30.0
40.1
26.0
26.4
39.9
42.1
41.1
38.3
47.1
36.2
36.3
8.4
7.7
7.8
8.3
6.5
10.1
9.7
0.0
4.2
0.0
0.7
17.5
46.6
4.2
14.8
8.9
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
3.0
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
4.3
1.7
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.7
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.1
10.6
4.5
3.2
2.7
6.5
5.3
5.5
0.4
0.7

Headcount ratio
in $ per day (PPP)
1.25
%
2005-11*
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
2
%
2005-11*
in $ per day (PPP)
1.25
%
2005-11*
Poverty gap
at national
poverty
line
2
%
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
at rural
poverty
line
%
2005-11*
GINI
coefficient
Income share
held by
held by
highest
lowest
20%
20%
index
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
%
2005-11*
36.6
37.6
43.6
44.4
6.6
6.6
34.5
43.0
8.1
36.2
33.6
43.2
42.0
6.6
8.1
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.6
4.2
0.2
0.8
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
1.1
1.7
30.0
38.8
8.5
0.3
0.7
0.2
0.3
1.3
2.0
27.8
36.9
8.9
0.0
5.9
0.0
0.9
7.2
7.7
43.2
48.9
5.1
5.9
22.9
1.1
6.0
10.1
14.8
42.8
49.6
6.2
2.3
2.6
101
TABLE 15: Determinants: Availability

average dietary supply
adequacy
index
index
1990-92
2007-09
World
Africa
North Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Sub-Saharan Africa
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Runion
Rwanda
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Swaziland
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
102
value of food production

per capita
I$/cap
I$/cap
1990-92
2007-09
Availability
share of energy supply derived
from cereals, roots and tubers
%
%
1990-92
2007-09
average supply of
protein
protein of animal origin
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
1990-92
2007-09
1990-92
2007-09
114
108
108
138
133
142
144
135
140
120
116
115
141
136
145
136
138
140
239
180
150
175
117
177
172
188
302
295
254
173
239
151
273
174
229
342
56
64
65
64
59
68
49
64
56
51
56
62
62
59
66
51
61
52
69
61
57
82
77
84
81
84
85
78
72
64
93
87
98
80
89
95
25
15
12
16
19
13
27
15
19
31
24
14
22
22
22
27
20
26
100
79
107
100
108
90
93
112
88
80
92
92
119
109
100
120
92
120
74
109
113
96
96
81
97
126
62
62
72
49
73
48
57
47
54
67
56
61
68
51
35
54
68
71
59
49
62
41
51
54
46
53
58
46
63
60
80
43
62
73
50
63
49
45
54
11
13
8
29
8
4
11
20
15
12
15
19
15
13
14
11
23
10
3
11
32
18
10
14
16
12
102
160
128
196
122
119
132
211
89
205
124
91
94
258
59
86
65
59
74
48
76
46
59
55
57
65
58
60
66
73
144
78
148
159
109
176
152
70
168
129
116
82
248
115
74
56
55
41
59
12
18
115
109
91
118
107
95
110
106
105
90
105
119
117
73
94
119
113
129
121
112
96
108
106
101
110
123
129
123
209
73
172
166
141
148
61
91
196
75
145
163
218
48
95
151
69
254
180
180
148
54
84
160
159
198
136
193
46
58
68
63
69
55
78
67
75
73
69
55
49
81
78
51
61
64
63
64
53
81
68
79
71
71
49
47
72
52
43
57
46
55
65
39
52
51
62
79
70
49
59
81
60
59
56
45
58
67
38
49
61
70
86
84
36
12
15
7
9
17
10
7
16
5
16
33
28
7
6
41
15
17
9
8
17
10
6
11
5
19
36
37
83
93
97
107
99
95
117
128
70
260
133
170
76
192
183
201
76
61
76
68
76
57
62
64
31
58
56
50
39
63
78
65
4
19
12
7
5
23
18
10
89
98
168
169
49
51
44
53
103
104
105
93
122
111
113
101
47
62
48
61
52
66
71
42
63
62
79
50
13
19
36
8
17
18
36
11
125
180
110
51
103
172
236
52
65
47
61
121
116
109
78
94
189
211
55
54
74
83
26
33
92
110
97
108
103
97
90
105
101
108
109
102
86
96
156
288
102
178
139
85
95
272
239
124
155
143
85
96
58
56
75
45
70
77
64
49
58
73
45
59
75
59
62
58
48
51
53
51
50
73
59
55
50
55
46
54
21
17
8
11
11
11
9
28
18
7
12
10
9
12
TABLE 15: Determinants: Availability (continued)

adequacy
index
index
1990-92
2007-09
Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
East Asia
China
Korea
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
South East Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
West Asia
Bahrain
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
107

per capita
I$/cap
I$/cap
1990-92
2007-09
167
107
115
119
118
126
110
141
117
95
122
111
121
99
Availability
%
%
1990-92
2007-09
67
173
246
292
321
230
162
433
281
141
374
274
325
88
176
94
124
116
106
100
130
115
106
101
109
104
142
117
105
109
97
110
100
124
94
105
92
121
104
129
118
111
110
106
112
116
130
107
115
101
125
107
average supply of
protein
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
1990-92
2007-09
1990-92
2007-09
61
69
57
56
47
64
54
47
55
64
60
59
54
14
67
73
84
89
88
75
103
84
55
92
77
91
16
23
32
40
25
28
53
34
12
39
26
36
143
63
68
73
57
15
10
369
184
188
139
138
94
280
217
195
170
106
127
44
55
57
67
48
44
50
61
75
81
78
56
78
91
79
59
51
28
25
10
47
41
32
13
85
82
46
55
119
137
230
38
145
156
92
143
179
38
113
151
131
332
146
187
165
330
30
159
191
105
181
263
80
224
213
226
451
355
211
66
62
50
77
55
60
68
68
48
84
73
84
45
60
55
39
72
48
56
63
62
43
75
69
73
48
55
82
79
56
58
48
57
50
79
45
48
49
67
57
89
100
61
62
58
63
64
83
62
58
64
78
9
18
41
8
19
11
13
14
37
9
10
7
37
11
26
63
9
25
14
18
22
45
18
15
14
41
57
59
53
61
21
26
90
92
89
142
117
100
115
135
284
130
153
267
374
107
271
246
52
74
78
55
51
71
62
52
53
55
45
80
62
55
72
79
23
20
10
22
25
14
27
24
126
91
133
134
152
131
100
121
163
22
375
72
180
77
297
153
51
48
37
49
48
42
38
55
73
60
77
44
81
115
84
60
22
27
24
20
29
60
35
16
129
134
164
137
103
131
141
155
126
100
144
260
422
130
58
130
303
428
109
69
49
51
54
34
67
53
47
50
43
62
79
73
109
105
55
85
84
105
105
56
29
19
27
55
10
31
25
28
49
12
103

adequacy
index
index
1990-92
2007-09
Caribbean
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Haiti
Jamaica
Martinique
Montserrat
Puerto Rico
Saint Lucia
Trinidad and Tobago
Latin America
Argentina
Belize
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Oceania
American Samoa
Cook Islands
Fiji
French Polynesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
New Caledonia
Niue
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
104

per capita
I$/cap
I$/cap
1990-92
2007-09
Availability
%
%
1990-92
2007-09
average supply of
protein
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
1990-92
2007-09
1990-92
2007-09
117
101
124
111
314
239
447
188
43
41
40
43
68
55
82
65
30
22
40
25
106
98
137
106
27
27
82
85
55
60
110
123
111
118
71
197
89
177
29
34
27
30
78
87
88
91
50
51
57
54
114
124
94
111
133
131
106
101
370
521
211
204
235
377
243
121
38
33
35
30
46
34
34
24
63
76
48
68
83
95
58
74
29
42
21
39
26
54
29
48
79
113
86
117
114
210
96
192
55
41
55
37
42
68
44
78
6
33
9
40
110
126
39
37
84
89
51
53
110
113
102
114
105
112
119
112
232
445
320
107
43
142
185
113
36
36
37
41
29
33
35
36
70
79
61
62
73
88
86
67
39
46
33
25
43
54
48
31
118
127
119
95
118
111
108
123
98
111
125
123
121
98
131
121
116
119
101
115
320
691
468
225
360
320
242
477
292
126
464
968
536
290
616
445
284
540
398
155
43
35
39
52
39
48
41
37
39
57
40
32
41
53
35
45
41
34
36
47
69
95
63
53
67
72
56
68
47
59
83
95
68
60
87
90
67
75
57
71
31
61
26
20
30
32
27
34
21
14
41
63
26
26
45
47
34
39
32
25
112
103
111
135
85
104
108
99
105
112
110
113
107
117
123
135
112
114
111
113
107
119
122
116
180
263
197
241
133
293
457
141
277
625
201
343
261
423
216
290
219
258
599
258
197
1 005
214
346
59
56
51
48
49
41
44
58
52
39
39
48
51
52
45
44
51
45
43
58
44
48
40
52
59
62
55
81
46
62
70
54
61
82
63
67
61
75
67
91
65
75
66
70
56
82
81
71
11
24
16
30
13
33
37
19
26
50
30
36
19
31
27
42
19
40
29
25
23
39
44
35
119
122
129
122
315
104
250
99
46
38
48
34
68
89
76
100
31
53
31
67
121
127
188
274
43
40
65
73
31
38
125
123
106
92
41
37
79
84
45
49
113
103
130
113
382
239
215
390
277
231
32
65
28
68
69
52
78
55
42
20
47
17
122
130
409
337
44
48
60
68
25
28

adequacy
index
index
1990-92
2007-09
Developed countries
Albania
Andorra
Australia
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bermuda
Bulgaria
Canada
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
France
Germany
Gibraltar
Greece
Greenland
Holy See
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Macedonia
Ukraine
United Kingdom

per capita
I$/cap
I$/cap
1990-92
2007-09
Availability
%
%
1990-92
2007-09
average supply of
protein
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
1990-92
2007-09
1990-92
2007-09
131
109
136
117
452
178
471
315
34
58
32
41
99
80
104
97
58
28
61
49
126
141
130
150
127
147
108
122
111
137
125
105
128
133
124
916
482
25
24
26
27
38
26
24
49
40
28
34
27
31
29
35
106
103
106
107
90
100
83
88
77
104
84
81
92
109
93
71
67
1 048
410
980
492
492
508
32
232
310
740
275
328
360
1 086
329
65
71
69
64
50
61
57
31
37
58
45
49
54
70
52
124
142
134
126
142
139
385
682
394
366
598
388
30
27
26
31
29
27
98
117
97
110
112
102
62
78
60
69
72
63
142
144
695
610
33
32
112
116
58
62
144
124
147
150
142
121
137
135
145
156
144
114
119
626
319
1 208
378
523
166
535
334
970
377
502
144
322
31
26
33
37
34
42
29
23
34
35
33
41
35
98
114
113
114
111
96
89
134
110
128
111
90
88
54
78
69
57
60
55
46
98
65
72
61
51
52
140
141
135
522
489
374
189
124
114
113
52
73
53
77
77
62
146
117
124
123
112
125
138
129
128
130
126
136
136
123
133
118
133
131
140
97
98
103
97
107
104
114
127
128
137
133
143
109
140
130
35
465
617
470
173
814
1 865
301
439
399
332
266
751
2 266
264
442
381
351
360
284
26
22
43
26
31
27
26
35
22
27
33
42
37
46
37
27
34
101
25
27
32
41
33
45
44
43
66
98
91
96
21
85
100
106
100
98
98
98
102
103
91
75
106
94
108
101
118
69
111
100
62
67
41
58
10
49
66
62
59
54
55
44
58
71
58
65
52
73
27
56
52
111
379
67
80
36
111
129
129
122
134
120
283
339
661
299
331
327
36
38
27
28
23
37
74
102
108
108
94
77
36
58
67
71
59
32
130
138
147
103
105
112
102
111
108
619
318
382
301
592
117
175
246
123
159
142
389
259
669
145
177
215
142
195
170
29
27
24
28
26
73
65
44
72
65
67
42
32
25
67
64
46
68
60
63
106
96
97
93
110
49
59
57
49
56
54
89
104
115
56
64
66
56
61
58
63
64
62
54
70
9
15
24
9
12
10
43
59
74
12
15
26
11
16
13
105
TABLE 16: Determinants: Physical and economic access

Access
% of paved roads
%
%
1990
World
Africa
North Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Sub-Saharan Africa
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Runion
Rwanda
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Swaziland
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
106
2005-09*
physical access
rail-lines density
per 100
per 100
square km
square km
of land
of land
area
area
1990
2005-09*
56.8
62.4
67.0
72.0
51.7
49.1
76.1
20.0
32.0
16.6
10.5
78.0
0.8
69.3
9.7
8.7
19.4
15.0
8.2
19.6
15.2
8.3
12.8
18.0
5.5
15.4
10.9
73.9
74.0
89.4
70.3
75.2
0.2
0.5
0.4
1.4
7.1
7.9
0.2
0.5
0.5
1.2
0.7
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
3.4
13.7
12.0
0.1
0.3
0.3
12.6
0.4
0.4
14.3
0.4
0.3
93.0
24.6
26.8
98.0
16.8
10.8
29.0
20.8
14.7
20.7
0.7
0.0
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.4
0.3
0.4
9.0
61.6
27.2
56.9
10.6
11.1
32.0
96.5
2005
2012
2010
2010
1.3
1.6
1.8
1.8
1.4
1.8
1.6
1.6
4.7
10.0
2.0
1.8
1.6
12.0
14.0
34.0
8.0
17.0
1.0
13.0
11.8
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.7
17.0
37.0
44.0
60.0
10.0
5.0
5.0
3.0
30.0
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.1
1.8
1.9
2.2
1.9
1.5
2.2
2.5
39.0
49.0
25.0
4.0
21.0
28.0
23.0
12.0
33.0
49.0
5.0
29.0
20.0
55.0
12.0
69.0
42.0
87.0
38.0
83.0
54.0
51.0
39.0
66.0
87.0
64.0
82.0
76.0
76.0
50.0
56.0
13.0
11.0
14.0
26.0
36.0
41.0
22.0
27.0
54.0
17.0
36.0
50.0
1.0
79.0
67.0
32.0
86.0
82.0
80.0
68.0
74.0
82.0
85.0
49.0
78.0
74.0
11.0
82.0
68.0
91.0
69.0
1.4
4.4
7.2
27.3
3.8
2.3
6.1
3.1
1.8
2.0
2.4
1.9
1.9
2.3
1.9
1.5
2.2
2.3
3.7
5.0
25.4
2.5
1.9
2.1
1.9
2.0
2.1
1.7
2.1
2.5
2.4
1.9
2.0
2.5
2.8
1.8
2.9
1.7
2.3
1.8
2.1
2.7
2.4
2.4
2.0
1.9
1.9
2.1
2.3
1.9
2.0
1.6
2.2
2.1
2.0
2.1
1.6
2.0
2.0
1.9
1.5
1.9
2.4
1.9
1.6
2.0
2.5
2.1
1.8
2.4
53.0
7.0
51.0
42.0
1.5
1.7
1.8
35.0
45.0
2.1
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.1
11.0
28.0
74.0
48.0
2.2
2.4
2.4
1.3
1.4
0.8
45.0
71.0
9.0
87.0
77.0
21.0
1.5
2.2
1.7
1.9
1.7
1.9
1.8
2.2
1.7
2.0
1.7
1.9
42.0
29.0
39.0
28.0
47.0
39.0
20.0
74.0
43.0
87.0
66.0
90.0
52.0
60.0
12.4
9.1
3.0
2.3
2.8
21.1
16.0
12.1
11.3
10.6
16.8
8.4
8.6
1.1
0.7
88.3
3.4
7.9
0.9
13.2
4.0
3.4
45.9
10.7
1.8
1.1
101.3
3.8
5.1
1.5
0.5
7.0
7.5
110.4
15.8
3.3
1.8
1.8
0.2
0.2
1.7
21.0
6.7
16.6
14.0
4.2
13.3
12.2
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.7
0.4
16.1
13.0
0.3
0.7
lack of access to
water
sanitation
%
%
1.3
1.5
1.8
1.8
50.0
33.8
21.2
5.8
3.7
economic access
food price level index
index
index
index
2000
0.9
32.6
17.0
road density
per 100
per 100
square km
square km
of land
of land
area
area
1990
2005-09*
20.5
10.9
4.7
23.1
1.6
1.9
2.0
2.1
1.4
2.2
1.7
2.3
2.1
0.4
2.1
TABLE 16: Determinants: Physical and economic access (continued)

Access
% of paved roads
%
%
1990
Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
East Asia
China
Korea
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
South East Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
West Asia
Bahrain
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
2005-09*
physical access
rail-lines density
per 100
per 100
square km
square km
of land
of land
area
area
1990
2005-09*
54.0
73.2
99.2
93.8
55.1
90.0
71.6
73.5
79.0
93.6
50.6
94.1
88.5
53.2
5.7
2.8
71.5
79.3
49.8
29.3
2.8
2.3
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.6
2.8
2.4
2.2
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.9
0.6
road density
per 100
per 100
square km
square km
of land
of land
area
area
1990
2005-09*
25.9
31.0
2000
2005
2012
2010
2010
1.6
1.5
1.7
1.7
1.5
1.3
2.0
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.4
1.9
1.8
1.8
1.8
10.0
13.0
2.0
20.0
2.0
5.0
10.0
36.0
35.5
1.5
1.6
2.0
13.0
9.0
43.0
5.0
10.0
18.0
5.0
3.0
7.0
6.0
2.0
0.0
35.0
2.0
20.0
18.0
2.0
3.0
10.0
50.0
19.0
4.0
8.0
4.0
2.0
11.0
8.0
9.0
14.0
12.0
49.0
0.0
8.0
59.0
63.0
44.0
56.0
66.0
0.0
3.0
69.0
52.0
8.0
41.0
31.0
36.0
18.0
33.0
0.0
17.0
8.0
0.0
4.0
31.0
5.0
11.0
69.0
46.0
37.0
4.0
24.0
26.0
0.0
4.0
53.0
24.0
17.0
21.0
3.0
1.0
0.0
15.0
11.0
0.0
27.0
2.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
45.0
5.0
10.0
2.0
47.0
20.9
4.4
16.2
23.1
21.2
105.1
0.1
3.1
0.1
3.4
2.7
57.1
1.3
1.4
38.3
1.9
2.0
130.6
1.9
0.3
1.9
0.4
60.8
7.5
37.5
54.0
1.1
2.2
1.0
2.2
21.2
141.8
40.6
31.4
7.5
45.1
24.0
70.0
10.9
0.4
18.1
0.4
0.2
19.8
15.2
97.1
81.1
72.1
6.5
56.9
13.7
11.9
47.6
75.4
77.9
100.0
72.9
95.0
82.1
21.0
85.6
40.6
94.2
9.1
0.5
0.5
0.2
100.0
0.2
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.3
91.7
46.0
21.5
90.3
88.7
8.7
3.7
53.5
411.5
14.1
29.0
15.0
383.5
9.6
8.3
22.2
61.0
7.6
0.0
1.3
1.1
25.0
16.7
0.5
100.0
23.5
125.0
11.0
29.3
13.5
32.5
51.5
0.3
0.0
1.0
1.1
6.5
17.9
46.9
5.2
9.7
lack of access to
water
sanitation
%
%
33.4
8.2
25.9
61.1
29.2
3.5
17.0
77.1
49.5
73.3
100.0
53.9
65.4
economic access
index
index
index
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.8
1.6
1.9
1.9
1.7
2.0
2.0
1.6
1.5
1.7
1.6
2.5
1.3
1.5
1.8
1.7
2.1
1.6
1.5
1.7
1.8
2.0
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.6
2.4
1.4
1.5
1.9
1.8
2.1
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.6
2.0
1.5
1.6
1.8
1.5
2.3
1.7
1.6
2.1
1.8
1.9
1.8
1.6
1.2
1.9
2.2
1.6
1.7
1.4
1.6
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.6
1.3
1.9
1.7
1.2
1.1
1.5
1.2
0.8
1.7
1.3
1.0
1.5
1.2
0.9
1.5
1.2
1.4
1.3
1.0
1.0
0.9
1.0
1.4
1.4
1.1
0.8
1.1
1.4
1.5
1.1
0.9
1.1
1.5
2.0
1.3
1.5
1.6
4.0
472.7
35.1
48.3
17.6
537.2
9.3
8.8
36.6
66.7
92.8
18.2
67.2
10.3
36.8
46.3
4.9
13.5
8.0
1.0
0.0
107

Access
% of paved roads
%
%
1990
Caribbean
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Haiti
Jamaica
Martinique
Montserrat
Puerto Rico
Saint Lucia
Trinidad and Tobago
Latin America
Argentina
Belize
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Oceania
American Samoa
Cook Islands
Fiji
French Polynesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
New Caledonia
Niue
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
108
2005-09*
16.0
physical access
rail-lines density
per 100
per 100
square km
square km
of land
of land
area
area
1990
2005-09*
0.4
0.5
road density
per 100
per 100
square km
square km
of land
of land
area
area
1990
2005-09*
14.2
economic access
index
index
index
lack of access to
water
sanitation
%
%
2000
2005
2012
2010
2010
1.3
1.3
1.4
6.0
15.0
20.0
32.0
0.0
52.0
86.8
16.0
339.5
50.5
45.6
44.7
55.4
21.9
64.0
4.6
22.8
13.3
153.8
73.3
201.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.0
6.0
4.0
9.0
14.0
17.0
3.0
31.0
7.0
83.0
20.0
1.0
4.0
4.0
35.0
6.0
0.0
8.0
5.0
19.0
2.0
12.0
2.0
4.0
8.0
3.0
6.0
12.0
10.0
73.0
21.0
4.0
23.0
5.0
8.0
13.0
8.0
6.0
13.0
4.0
15.0
22.0
16.0
23.0
15.0
48.0
29.0
29.0
17.0
0.0
300.8
38.5
172.6
46.2
144.2
14.7
28.5
4.3
9.7
13.8
11.9
15.3
13.4
14.4
24.9
6.6
21.1
35.1
10.5
32.0
9.9
24.0
35.6
9.9
44.5
0.4
1.2
0.5
0.9
13.9
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.7
0.1
3.9
19.6
10.5
7.9
22.5
26.0
14.8
69.6
15.2
58.2
35.3
11.6
42.0
1.0
1.4
13.9
0.1
0.2
1.7
1.7
0.0
10.6
3.3
10.1
12.2
11.7
13.0
6.4
5.0
2.5
7.3
10.4
11.3
76.4
17.0
18.7
16.9
18.5
7.8
9.8
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.7
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.7
1.2
1.3
1.6
1.6
1.3
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.5
1.6
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.3
1.7
1.3
1.4
8.2
5.0
1.2
1.3
1.3
14.0
15.0
8.0
0.0
1.4
47.0
48.0
16.7
1.3
1.3
1.4
2.0
0.0
0.0
17.0
2.0
1.0
6.0
25.0
2.0
15.0
60.0
4.0
0.0
55.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
10.0
4.0
15.0
43.0
15.9
3.2
4.0
2.1
4.2
21.6

Access
% of paved roads
%
%
1990
Developed countries
Albania
Andorra
Australia
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bermuda
Bulgaria
Canada
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
France
Germany
Gibraltar
Greece
Greenland
Holy See
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Macedonia
Ukraine
United Kingdom
35.0
100.0
54.0
91.6
35.0
59.6
100.0
100.0
51.8
61.0
2005-09*
physical access
rail-lines density
per 100
per 100
square km
square km
of land
of land
area
area
1990
2005-09*
lack of access to
water
sanitation
%
%
2000
2005
2012
2010
2010
1.2
2.5
1.3
1.5
30.9
34.2
1.2
1.8
1.2
1.7
1.2
1.6
43.5
100.0
88.6
78.2
0.1
6.7
2.7
11.4
0.1
6.9
2.6
11.7
10.5
128.6
10.6
127.4
45.7
504.0
1.1
1.2
1.6
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.0
6.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.0
0.0
3.9
0.3
4.3
2.0
3.7
0.6
4.8
41.7
33.3
8.3
100.0
28.6
5.4
2.3
164.6
1.8
1.2
1.6
1.3
1.4
1.1
1.4
1.6
1.6
1.2
1.5
1.3
1.4
1.1
1.4
1.6
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.2
12.1
5.0
2.0
42.7
36.2
14.1
51.9
133.8
165.6
170.2
129.1
1.1
1.4
1.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
5.0
65.5
100.0
1.7
6.2
1.8
6.2
9.4
22.6
161.3
169.9
23.3
173.2
180.3
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.9
1.2
88.0
88.6
1.4
1.3
2.5
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
8.2
8.4
2.7
4.5
5.6
5.3
2.9
212.3
12.5
137.2
83.0
161.8
319.6
107.1
1.3
1.5
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.8
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.8
1.4
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.2
1.8
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
80.1
20.9
2.8
2.6
5.3
5.4
3.7
113.7
11.1
131.3
59.8
29.4
3.1
2.7
10.6
124.5
1.3
1.1
1.3
1.4
1.1
1.3
1.9
1.1
1.4
1.0
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.7
1.6
1.6
0.9
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.7
1.6
1.5
0.9
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.0
1.5
1.4
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.0
0.0
1.0
4.0
0.0
15.0
3.0
30.0
1.0
8.0
52.3
98.4
90.5
64.9
91.7
38.0
38.4
100.0
100.0
454.9
97.8
99.1
100.0
87.5
100.0
88.0
57.0
69.0
61.6
66.2
80.7
69.9
87.1
85.8
74.2
80.1
4.8
0.5
1.3
6.3
3.1
3.4
4.5
0.5
63.2
10.7
4.6
295.1
74.6
196.6
967.6
3 850.0
6.7
1.5
8.4
3.3
7.0
251.8
34.6
27.5
116.1
71.1
41.2
64.2
5.2
329.4
35.2
29.0
122.8
90.0
37.8
5.7
24.4
100.0
57.6
5.9
2.5
2.2
7.2
2.7
7.4
6.1
3.0
2.2
8.6
2.7
172.2
32.5
43.4
89.5
192.0
132.0
129.5
172.9
54.2
97.8
100.0
67.4
3.9
6.8
2.0
3.6
6.6
2.3
27.8
147.0
64.8
28.1
172.3
66.6
72.0
87.1
100.0
58.9
93.7
100.0
economic access
index
index
index
70.9
99.0
19.9
94.0
100.0
100.0
69.2
road density
per 100
per 100
square km
square km
of land
of land
area
area
1990
2005-09*
35.7
48.5
6.0
11.5
49.9
41.9
0.8
19.1
14.1
1.1
0.0
0.0
1.4
1.4
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.7
1.4
1.3
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.6
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
12.0
1.5
1.2
1.0
1.8
1.7
1.4
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.1
1.0
1.8
1.7
1.4
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.2
1.0
1.8
1.8
1.3
1.8
1.7
1.7
2.0
0.0
1.0
37.0
32.0
19.0
35.0
13.0
20.0
6.0
0.0
0.0
64.0
56.0
33.0
64.0
53.0
59.0
109
TABLE 17: Vulnerability/Stability

Value of food imports over total merchandise exports
%
1990-92
World
Africa
North Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Sub-Saharan Africa
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Cte dIvoire
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Runion
Rwanda
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Swaziland
Togo
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
110
%
1999-2001
Cereal import dependency ratio
%
2007-09
%
1990-92
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
Percent of arable land equipped for irrigation
%
1990-92
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
7.0
8.0
13.0
18.0
16.0
69.0
9.0
15.0
11.0
5.0
5.0
12.0
16.0
13.0
46.0
9.0
17.0
9.0
5.0
5.0
10.0
12.0
10.0
30.0
4.0
21.0
10.0
14.6
13.2
26.9
43.2
62.4
37.9
89.9
27.2
35.0
15.2
15.2
29.8
52.8
79.7
35.6
91.3
59.5
66.9
15.7
15.5
30.1
49.9
70.7
35.5
91.8
53.6
60.2
18.4
24.9
6.5
23.1
6.8
100.0
26.0
14.3
13.0
20.6
27.9
6.6
25.7
7.4
100.0
25.9
16.1
13.8
22.5
30.3
6.1
28.7
7.6
100.0
26.9
18.1
16.0
10.0
11.0
38.0
11.0
53.0
27.0
9.0
822.0
26.0
12.0
89.0
9.0
13.0
26.0
247.0
15.0
83.0
59.0
5.0
142.0
21.0
16.0
165.0
18.0
148.0
21.0
18.0
24.0
25.0
27.0
14.0
10.0
5.0
45.0
12.0
55.0
41.0
13.0
578.0
11.0
16.0
118.0
6.0
9.0
26.0
298.0
1.0
197.0
52.0
5.0
313.0
17.0
18.0
49.0
23.0
49.0
28.0
20.0
8.0
18.0
43.0
14.0
9.0
3.0
49.0
10.0
33.0
104.0
16.0
601.0
30.0
3.0
304.0
4.0
10.0
20.0
551.0
0.0
810.0
60.0
5.0
222.0
20.0
24.0
56.0
26.0
17.0
95.0
23.0
17.0
17.0
26.0
23.0
18.0
50.0
35.3
82.2
7.8
10.6
33.8
90.2
31.2
6.7
71.1
95.5
39.9
21.4
102.0
18.3
52.4
11.6
98.1
11.7
13.8
30.3
72.8
20.6
4.9
69.8
95.2
46.6
20.8
100.0
21.5
54.6
18.6
90.1
8.4
24.9
32.6
94.3
19.4
8.4
73.9
90.2
58.8
38.6
100.0
3.9
2.7
0.6
0.4
0.6
1.7
0.4
7.3
0.0
0.5
0.2
0.4
2.7
0.1
100.0
4.0
2.7
0.5
0.5
0.6
2.2
0.4
6.5
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.4
2.6
0.2
100.0
3.6
2.2
0.5
0.6
0.5
2.6
0.5
5.0
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.4
2.6
0.2
69.8
78.6
52.1
26.4
26.7
33.1
14.3
71.5
59.8
6.5
18.4
4.7
74.1
102.4
51.5
11.0
85.5
39.7
23.9
20.7
37.7
26.4
54.8
64.5
12.3
4.0
7.1
68.3
112.9
58.6
10.1
83.3
45.9
30.6
14.5
27.3
36.1
84.8
63.6
9.2
6.4
6.1
75.0
110.1
1.4
0.9
0.2
3.2
6.8
1.2
0.6
0.9
39.5
1.0
3.7
9.8
17.0
4.0
2.8
1.2
0.7
0.7
4.4
8.3
1.7
0.9
0.8
37.2
1.9
4.9
9.5
20.3
3.1
2.1
1.2
0.5
0.8
3.4
8.3
1.9
0.9
0.8
36.8
1.8
3.9
11.3
24.1
156.0
9.0
29.0
5.0
43.0
15.0
39.0
6.0
23.0
7.0
26.0
6.0
59.6
62.9
5.8
4.4
23.1
71.7
8.6
13.7
30.5
64.8
7.0
14.5
3.0
0.8
0.5
0.8
2.9
0.9
0.5
0.9
2.4
1.0
0.5
0.8
46.0
72.0
53.0
11.0
19.6
21.9
0.5
0.9
0.7
113.0
47.0
54.0
59.0
80.0
3.0
48.0
54.0
21.0
590.0
81.0
3.0
284.0
66.0
19.0
73.0
131.0
4.0
77.2
42.4
100.0
30.1
43.6
23.8
85.5
48.4
100.0
49.5
37.6
13.2
84.9
55.0
100.1
27.9
74.9
19.3
100.0
2.3
0.0
5.8
19.6
8.8
100.0
3.5
0.0
5.4
19.2
10.2
100.0
3.4
30.0
2.8
20.0
10.4
42.0
13.0
27.0
14.0
22.0
6.0
9.0
21.0
15.0
12.0
26.0
44.0
9.0
5.0
13.0
9.0
23.0
28.0
21.0
4.0
25.0
17.8
56.5
23.9
1.8
4.0
23.8
30.7
21.5
57.9
17.1
6.8
11.9
8.9
8.8
24.6
79.3
16.2
17.7
13.8
4.9
52.2
14.6
25.6
0.3
0.2
1.6
1.3
3.7
11.4
27.9
0.3
0.2
1.8
4.8
4.9
9.6
28.2
0.3
0.1
1.9
5.0
4.2
TABLE 17: Vulnerability/Stability (continued)

%
1990-92
Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
East Asia
China
Korea
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
South East Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
West Asia
Bahrain
Iraq
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
%
1990-92
6.0
62.0
1 227.0
35.0
299.0
38.0
379.0
225.0
26.0
73.0
4.0
4.0
9.0
52.0
11.0
67.0
4.0
10.0
15.0
4.0
10.0
3.0
4.0
7.0
45.0
14.0
54.0
4.0
24.0
28.0
2.0
7.0
3.0
9.7
17.0
49.0
10.0
5.0
5.0
11.0
59.0
35.0
20.0
4.0
11.0
48.0
28.0
15.0
22.0
15.0
4.0
5.0
10.0
4.0
10.0
5.0
18.0
9.0
4.0
2.0
77.0
5.0
10.0
7.0
29.0
56.0
11.0
114.0
11.0
8.0
7.0
7.0
16.0
7.0
7.0
126.0
15.0
3.0
3.0
10.0
121.0
26.0
16.0
6.0
10.0
89.0
23.0
15.0
13.0
14.0
4.0
5.0
7.0
5.0
11.0
3.0
11.0
5.0
2.0
2.0
129.0
5.0
6.0
6.0
13.0
34.0
7.0
117.0
121.0
6.0
3.0
6.0
13.0
4.0
3.0
21.0
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
%
1990-92
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
8.5
10.0
15.3
56.7
33.1
60.4
1.0
9.4
45.6
2.3
15.7
6.7
10.0
19.2
57.1
37.8
67.1
3.0
25.4
49.5
9.1
16.1
5.2
34.5
28.5
65.2
82.8
56.6
9.8
76.3
83.5
100.0
95.7
40.7
41.1
40.7
60.7
78.4
57.5
16.3
77.4
91.7
100.0
94.3
45.3
47.2
39.7
60.5
76.9
94.2
15.5
79.7
96.8
97.3
98.2
57.9
17.0
14.1
39.1
15.2
62.7
56.2
54.4
12.0
3.0
3.0
7.0
203.0
21.0
1.0
5.0
6.0
65.0
49.0
17.0
17.0
11.0
4.0
3.0
9.0
5.0
11.0
4.0
7.0
9.0
2.0
2.0
153.0
5.0
5.0
4.0
8.0
30.0
3.0
41.0
92.0
6.0
3.0
4.0
17.0
4.0
4.0
32.0
9.8
64.5
46.6
4.5
7.3
7.5
55.6
72.0
64.9
6.1
29.3
11.6
56.1
73.2
61.5
5.6
20.9
8.4
5.9
51.0
44.8
36.7
37.9
32.8
7.5
51.7
44.7
43.8
41.7
50.0
9.2
52.4
45.8
49.0
41.0
66.1
0.4
27.1
100.0
0.6
8.3
36.5
13.8
9.7
99.2
2.7
6.6
1.9
72.9
0.2
16.7
0.3
41.2
99.7
2.1
5.9
36.1
18.4
14.2
99.7
3.5
13.7
2.0
80.2
0.9
23.6
0.5
32.6
99.7
3.2
5.6
34.3
14.9
12.8
98.4
1.4
10.8
1.9
79.6
0.6
21.8
30.6
43.0
0.0
37.2
80.1
59.1
54.0
23.7
50.0
6.8
23.4
17.5
19.4
10.7
28.4
37.5
50.1
0.0
48.9
84.1
62.5
62.0
29.8
50.0
7.6
27.3
32.1
20.1
18.5
27.0
41.9
52.8
0.0
49.3
96.4
49.6
68.6
33.3
33.3
7.4
29.5
24.9
20.3
20.9
28.3
6.0
15.9
2.2
26.7
7.7
30.2
4.8
38.1
10.7
17.8
7.9
48.6
24.9
13.7
53.7
26.1
35.6
24.7
58.4
30.8
42.1
21.0
73.1
35.5
44.1
93.7
101.8
89.4
103.1
73.0
98.1
103.2
88.2
96.1
61.5
100.1
102.4
88.5
96.1
60.2
33.1
75.0
47.4
17.9
67.8
40.0
70.0
70.9
19.8
71.0
54.7
85.8
62.3
20.9
48.4
30.3
5.3
153.4
72.1
73.5
21.7
7.6
136.9
78.9
82.9
49.1
13.8
140.0
82.5
45.3
16.5
16.7
100.0
25.9
48.1
26.4
19.8
100.0
32.7
52.2
28.3
24.1
100.0
54.0
111

%
1990-92
Caribbean
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Haiti
Jamaica
Martinique
Montserrat
Puerto Rico
Saint Lucia
Trinidad and Tobago
Latin America
Argentina
Belize
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Oceania
American Samoa
Cook Islands
Fiji
French Polynesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
New Caledonia
Niue
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Samoa
Solomon Islands
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
112
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
%
1990-92
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
%
1990-92
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
9.0
19.0
8.0
23.0
6.0
20.0
22.5
78.9
30.3
76.6
29.9
77.3
12.8
23.1
13.2
23.0
13.6
22.7
66.0
9.0
9.0
43.0
104.0
240.0
21.0
34.0
39.0
108.0
50.0
7.0
21.0
45.0
54.0
211.0
43.0
40.0
45.0
47.0
96.0
3.0
47.0
47.0
124.0
127.0
45.0
88.0
21.0
163.0
99.1
99.1
99.2
0.0
1.3
1.5
97.7
102.2
99.4
109.2
99.3
111.8
12.5
31.3
15.0
31.3
13.6
31.3
84.4
98.7
66.4
124.4
71.7
96.8
76.3
177.7
76.4
98.2
74.6
129.0
25.6
0.0
25.2
10.0
24.5
0.0
31.7
22.5
24.3
0.0
34.1
69.2
134.0
19.0
99.0
24.0
127.0
34.0
48.2
99.6
58.3
100.7
58.6
102.3
11.7
19.7
10.2
17.7
8.8
20.5
7.0
6.0
13.0
177.4
119.9
100.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
48.0
41.0
32.0
11.0
51.0
113.0
57.0
7.0
64.0
63.0
131.0
4.0
100.0
100.0
418.0
98.8
101.0
100.1
178.4
111.4
100.1
100.9
188.0
115.7
0.0
40.0
25.0
10.3
0.3
100.0
20.0
15.0
12.5
100.0
20.0
28.0
8.0
3.0
26.0
12.0
6.0
4.0
5.0
7.0
5.0
28.0
8.0
4.0
18.0
17.0
6.0
5.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
19.0
6.0
3.0
23.0
7.0
3.0
4.0
8.0
10.0
6.0
26.0
20.0
0.2
35.2
33.2
14.3
18.9
25.6
66.2
26.8
26.7
28.4
0.7
30.2
28.7
19.0
45.0
53.6
87.0
37.4
46.8
28.0
0.4
30.3
24.2
14.2
52.1
59.4
94.9
36.5
53.7
12.4
5.6
4.9
6.3
5.2
62.4
22.3
30.4
50.8
7.2
12.8
5.6
4.7
4.3
5.6
100.0
34.7
50.6
54.9
6.8
13.3
5.1
5.7
4.7
7.3
100.0
48.2
54.0
77.7
6.8
15.0
10.0
11.0
15.0
50.0
33.0
6.0
19.0
12.0
5.0
5.0
20.0
8.0
140.0
18.0
118.0
42.0
201.0
21.0
16.0
29.0
10.0
44.0
38.0
14.0
12.0
14.0
11.0
5.0
17.0
5.0
135.0
17.0
52.0
34.0
132.0
18.0
17.0
18.0
6.0
37.0
58.0
8.0
7.0
7.0
8.0
8.0
18.0
3.0
466.0
33.0
180.0
21.0
111.0
22.1
42.2
22.5
22.4
28.6
42.1
6.6
59.1
35.7
21.9
52.4
96.1
45.0
35.6
45.7
35.1
30.5
64.1
14.6
46.3
34.3
27.3
53.6
98.1
49.2
33.5
52.2
34.2
38.5
70.0
12.0
48.7
30.3
16.4
48.4
101.8
9.3
30.6
4.9
23.9
4.6
6.3
3.0
33.5
83.0
10.5
17.3
1.6
12.3
32.6
6.6
25.1
3.2
7.8
2.2
32.6
91.3
13.8
22.2
2.8
13.6
35.7
7.8
25.3
3.2
7.8
1.8
32.8
112.2
13.4
21.5
2.7
88.2
100.1
101.5
100.0
127.5
100.0
1.0
50.0
1.8
33.3
1.8
35.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.0
19.0
784.0
3.0
17.0
298.0
4.0
16.0
54.0
97.5
91.3
92.6
19.3
17.2
15.1
12.0
230.0
15.0
9.0
126.0
17.0
8.0
113.0
33.0
98.4
100.2
96.8
97.6
100.0
94.3
96.5
101.4
95.9
12.1
100.0
14.8
9.3
100.0
17.1
6.9
100.0
27.6
94.0
413.0
55.0
103.0
110.0
53.0
246.0
398.0
76.0
93.7
95.3
96.4
54.9
53.2
77.2

%
1990-92
Developed countries
Albania
Andorra
Australia
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bermuda
Bulgaria
Canada
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
France
Germany
Gibraltar
Greece
Greenland
Holy See
Hungary
Iceland
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
San Marino
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Macedonia
Ukraine
United Kingdom
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
%
1990-92
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
%
1990-92
%
1999-2001
%
2007-09
7.0
81.0
5.0
77.0
5.0
47.0
16.7
35.2
15.2
45.7
16.0
45.4
6.7
80.6
4.8
77.0
5.4
47.3
3.0
5.0
77.0
5.0
90.0
32.0
3.0
4.0
9.0
21.0
5.0
5.0
8.0
7.0
3.0
7.0
7.0
3.0
5.0
9.0
5.0
110.0
43.0
6.0
3.0
11.0
26.0
4.0
5.0
10.0
7.0
3.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
5.0
5.0
6.0
352.0
27.0
8.0
4.0
13.0
53.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
3.0
6.0
4.0
1.1
4.4
1.2
17.2
27.8
129.0
100.0
33.6
2.9
10.6
7.4
86.7
4.8
13.0
30.9
3.1
27.7
7.1
135.8
100.0
37.1
9.0
13.3
9.0
93.7
9.5
17.1
20.9
2.7
4.5
4.7
7.9
3.3
4.7
8.6
5.5
100.0
43.1
5.8
3.2
11.1
26.1
3.7
5.0
10.0
3.3
5.3
5.2
5.7
100.0
26.6
8.2
4.2
13.4
53.1
3.9
6.5
8.6
3.2
6.4
15.8
12.4
8.8
12.5
8.1
9.1
22.1
3.5
6.9
6.9
2.8
4.9
4.3
3.4
6.3
4.2
27.0
22.0
26.0
15.3
25.6
31.6
26.9
21.6
26.8
3.0
6.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
6.0
3.0
5.0
6.0
6.0
22.0
3.0
6.0
5.0
5.0
6.0
5.0
12.0
3.7
100.0
23.9
87.7
36.2
75.6
1.5
100.1
34.5
95.2
36.8
78.0
10.0
5.2
100.1
42.3
94.3
40.6
76.8
40.0
3.2
6.4
6.1
8.0
9.7
6.0
1.9
6.2
3.0
5.2
5.8
5.6
21.5
3.0
6.1
4.6
5.2
6.1
5.1
12.3
8.0
6.0
12.0
8.0
6.0
10.0
9.0
6.0
15.0
18.1
50.2
97.5
6.7
54.3
95.7
14.1
60.4
107.7
8.3
6.0
12.3
8.3
6.0
9.8
9.4
5.9
15.8
9.0
5.0
3.0
6.0
11.0
26.0
16.0
28.0
6.0
6.0
2.0
6.0
12.0
8.0
6.0
6.0
59.0
6.0
7.0
2.0
5.0
13.0
22.0
9.0
5.0
170.4
24.2
24.2
3.9
55.6
109.0
32.1
30.9
6.3
70.6
2.4
4.3
7.8
94.7
108.2
35.9
37.9
9.5
82.6
8.8
14.8
1.7
9.3
5.0
2.8
5.7
11.5
5.5
6.4
2.2
5.7
11.5
8.1
6.3
5.9
33.0
5.9
7.1
2.4
5.3
13.4
21.8
8.9
5.5
9.0
6.0
6.0
9.0
4.0
4.0
11.0
14.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
3.0
3.0
15.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
4.0
3.0
18.0
19.0
9.0
4.0
31.0
28.0
19.0
31.0
13.0
14.0
4.0
7.0
4.0
23.0
12.0
21.0
26.0
9.0
11.0
6.0
9.0
4.0
16.0
10.0
21.0
24.0
9.0
10.0
133.2
100.0
3.6
4.2
1.6
81.9
8.3
8.9
8.0
5.4
90.4
3.3
4.2
9.4
15.7
1.0
19.6
7.3
35.9
21.4
1.5
11.2
60.0
29.2
10.7
40.7
24.3
16.2
56.1
40.8
12.8
53.9
28.9
1.6
13.8
21.1
76.3
13.7
10.7
11.6
2.4
19.5
2.9
15.0
11.8
76.0
13.3
11.9
12.3
1.0
21.0
2.9
14.8
14.6
75.9
12.9
13.0
13.3
7.8
9.5
3.8
4.3
8.8
4.0
30.7
27.5
19.1
31.0
12.6
14.2
14.2
4.3
5.5
6.4
3.3
3.4
14.6
4.4
5.5
7.7
4.5
3.4
17.8
4.4
6.6
3.7
22.7
12.3
21.5
25.8
9.5
10.5
5.9
9.4
4.4
15.3
9.6
21.0
23.4
8.9
10.0
113
TABLE 18: Health and education

Literacy
rate
adult
female, %
of females
ages 15 +
%
2005-10*
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
the Sudan
the Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
114
60.9
68.7
Primary completion rate
School enrollment
Health expenditure
total
primary
share of GDP
%
1990
40.7
%
2010
32.0
36.1
28.4
110.6
72.5
66.8
96.0
41.5
26.6
60.6
66.8
92.3
44.8
69.6
133.1
64.6
66.9
61.3
89.4
57.2
89.9
103.3
57.6
63.0
42.1
23.1
46.6
78.7
41.1
34.5
70.8
58.7
52.4
63.9
57.8
82.0
43.9
89.2
94.5
5.1
5.2
4.5
5.6
10.5
3.4
5.4
3.8
5.6
0.0
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.6
5.8
3.1
3.4
5.2
3.0
9.0
6.0
5.9
69.6
92.1
51.7
89.6
50.7
92.5
90.3
78.2
85.5
60.4
93.1
98.2
80.8
76.4
69.4
89.3
92.3
56.0
56.5
85.3
80.9
96.0
101.0
81.3
94.6
94.0
96.6
51.7
84.7
46.3
92.8
66.7
94.5
71.0
80.1
87.4
97.3
84.4
95.3
88.1
87.0
86.2
89.0
58.4
69.6
89.1
78.4
74.7
82.2
62.8
72.0
62.9
76.9
76.3
85.0
72.3
86.1
29.1
21.6
80.2
45.3
35.8
60.4
28.1
38.0
54.5
18.2
50.3
15.1
49.8
19.4
17.9
57.1
40.2
45.1
98.9
55.6
92.1
60.4
94.3
70.5
66.6
64.4
28.8
16.7
54.8
74.8
41.2
74.4
38.7
30.1
44.4
43.2
59.2
39.5
37.6
73.7
54.5
27.5
64.1
67.6
17.9
17.6
10.4
5.9
5.9
11.6
4.5
92.4
68.6
35.8
83.9
79.0
20.6
%
2010
94.4
32.9
31.0
78.6
66.6
45.6
%
1995
8.8
5.2
3.8
5.7
4.0
4.0
4.5
3.9
4.6
2.8
4.9
3.5
25.2
39.8
72.2
54.4
30.2
16.5
60.4
male
%
%
1990
2010
56.1
56.0
18.0
83.5
61.6
67.0
85.3
54.9
89.8
84.1
84.0
female
%
%
1990
2010
54.6
70.5
72.4
57.4
75.7
51.2
54.8
77.7
35.6
29.4
53.0
78.7
83.2
75.5
66.3
72.5
62.8
60.1
73.3
4.1
4.2
3.9
3.5
3.9
2.7
4.9
4.8
3.8
6.6
6.0
3.8
2.9
5.1
4.0
4.5
2.5
7.9
4.5
3.5
7.2
4.9
4.2
4.7
5.2
3.4
6.3
6.1
6.2
7.3
4.2
7.5
6.2
7.5
4.7
4.9
5.1
4.3
5.1
5.1
6.2
6.9
5.1
7.6
0.0
5.2
2.6
3.4
4.4
8.8
8.3
11.1
6.8
8.9
6.6
5.2
4.1
6.7
4.1
5.3
5.7
5.2
4.9
8.5
11.8
5.0
4.4
5.2
5.1
3.9
14.1
4.5
5.7
13.1
7.7
TABLE 18: Health and education (continued)

Literacy
rate
adult
female, %
of females
ages 15 +
%
2005-10*
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
the United States of America
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
School enrollment
Health expenditure
total
primary
share of GDP
%
1990
99.4
97.7
98.1
86.8
%
2010
female
%
%
1990
2010
male
%
%
1990
2010
100.4
84.0
89.4
90.7
96.8
101.2
105.3
99.9
99.5
97.1
71.5
99.8
87.9
88.0
90.2
99.0
98.7
93.4
96.3
99.8
73.9
75.1
93.9
88.3
81.5
81.8
69.5
113.9
96.3
98.3
94.4
87.5
88.0
92.5
87.0
92.5
99.4
6.0
8.1
6.8
6.3
3.9
4.5
7.9
8.0
5.2
4.8
6.7
9.0
5.3
7.3
6.5
5.7
8.0
7.6
10.9
7.4
6.2
8.1
6.9
96.1
93.7
93.8
111.6
85.0
81.7
5.4
5.9
83.7
83.2
95.1
82.2
96.5
79.1
94.8
83.1
3.7
4.7
6.6
5.5
4.1
6.9
6.1
6.9
6.8
4.8
97.7
5.1
6.3
92.0
98.5
83.9
95.2
83.2
8.4
7.7
6.7
4.5
9.1
8.1
5.9
5.1
83.1
89.0
5.4
4.8
6.7
8.7
5.7
4.5
6.5
4.7
7.0
5.7
15.6
4.2
13.2
8.4
4.9
17.2
9.0
11.3
13.6
5.7
4.8
4.6
6.9
3.1
3.1
5.2
17.9
6.2
4.5
4.3
6.2
6.0
2.5
5.8
89.0
105.0
77.9
93.0
93.5
84.6
91.0
39.5
80.9
96.9
65.4
98.8
99.0
98.1
68.7
91.3
91.0
99.6
88.7
89.7
97.0
81.0
94.5
92.9
97.5
83.3
95.7
88.1
83.3
87.3
66.2
91.5
92.7
96.7
94.2
91.0
92.6
93.8
93.5
97.8
94.4
92.6
88.1
95.6
103.6
89.3
92.5
100.0
99.6
99.0
99.6
99.4
99.1
5.2
8.3
5.9
5.5
4.1
6.4
92.1
94.7
78.6
14.9
7.7
91.5
93.3
98.5
73.4
98.6
94.9
12.0
6.5
92.0
87.0
97.0
93.8
98.3
%
2010
83.8
92.1
44.6
83.5
91.1
120.3
99.1
94.3
88.6
%
1995
88.6
94.9
94.8
97.3
94.4
110.4
96.6
104.0
86.8
95.5
88.1
99.0
92.7
88.2
90.6
115

Literacy
rate
adult
female, %
of females
ages 15 +
%
2005-10*
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
116
90.7
90.9
100.0
School enrollment
Health expenditure
total
primary
share of GDP
%
1990
102.0
96.7
108.6
103.4
97.9
99.2
93.7
70.9
89.1
63.2
90.3
89.5
95.8
92.0
91.5
42.5
90.5
51.0
38.7
50.8
80.7
98.4
46.9
40.1
89.1
91.7
44.3
87.9
97.3
female
%
%
1990
2010
84.4
84.2
male
%
%
1990
2010
84.9
98.1
98.0
99.3
99.1
117.8
87.1
93.2
95.4
91.3
96.4
92.7
86.5
96.6
95.4
%
1995
%
2010
6.3
7.2
3.5
5.1
6.9
4.9
3.9
2.9
2.7
5.7
1.8
3.0
3.0
9.5
5.4
6.9
3.6
2.8
5.6
2.6
4.5
4.4
3.4
3.0
3.5
3.6
4.0
3.9
9.1
6.8
3.9
7.6
3.5
5.2
4.1
80.9
101.9
108.6
101.2
98.1
103.6
88.6
97.0
65.5
98.4
84.9
85.7
5.0
4.0
66.9
94.7
87.0
97.0
99.4
99.2
90.2
96.9
99.7
69.9
88.9
91.8
86.0
91.7
80.9
92.9
81.1
78.0
85.3
91.5
44.7
95.2
99.7
98.0
94.2
99.9
99.3
99.4
98.0
97.0
99.4
85.7
98.1
99.6
%
2010
90.0
87.2
98.2
95.8
96.0
67.1
100.8
66.5
94.3
81.3
93.7
89.5
83.8
85.0
103.3
116.2
98.5
98.9
97.6
90.5
96.5
90.8
91.2
85.6
95.5
92.3
92.2
87.4
94.9
91.6
89.9
87.3
95.0
62.5
74.1
91.7
92.1
91.5
78.2
90.0
62.3
85.7
66.9
87.8
5.3
6.1
6.7
7.3
94.5
95.7
8.1
6.3
11.4
6.0
97.7
97.6
7.9
9.0
99.2
98.8
8.2
9.4
98.3
96.0
99.5
98.7
63.2
70.0
84.8
102.5
106.0
98.0
97.9
92.1
92.0
92.5
92.3
96.5
87.4
87.3
93.3
96.8
87.8
87.9
94.7
98.5
97.6
95.2
101.8
91.1
97.6
98.2
7.4
8.3
3.8
10.7
96.4
94.3
90.4
97.4
3.6
3.7
3.0
5.5
2.5
4.0
4.5
8.6
5.8
6.9
5.1
7.0
7.3
5.5
8.5
6.3
5.5
2.2
2.9
5.3
4.4
5.9
5.0
6.0
10.1
8.4
7.6
8.0
2.6
7.0
2.8
1.8
4.3
3.4
6.7
3.7
5.2
10.0
6.1
5.6
6.9
7.9
7.3
7.5
11.7
5.6
5.1
8.8
7.7
9.6
93.3
103.6
99.8
3.5
3.5
4.3
3.8
8.5
4.9
3.3
3.5
4.1
6.5
5.9
4.6
4.7
5.1

Literacy
rate
adult
female, %
of females
ages 15 +
%
2005-10*
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
School enrollment
Health expenditure
total
primary
share of GDP
%
1990
%
2010
102.8
99.8
99.7
95.2
92.1
99.4
99.0
96.5
97.0
94.7
86.3
96.4
98.1
92.0
93.1
96.1
98.6
93.5
99.8
97.8
103.2
96.7
female
%
%
1990
2010
male
%
%
1990
2010
92.5
95.0
90.5
99.9
95.8
92.4
99.2
99.6
99.5
99.0
99.5
95.2
6.6
9.2
99.7
94.4
93.3
99.1
5.8
5.4
9.1
6.7
7.0
9.5
99.5
99.1
99.7
99.6
79.7
76.7
84.3
87.1
8.0
6.8
7.4
3.2
0.4
10.6
8.0
9.6
9.6
9.6
6.5
11.1
7.8
94.4
99.3
94.8
98.8
8.6
10.2
92.7
96.7
94.3
92.4
98.1
93.3
7.3
5.8
99.5
98.9
7.8
9.5
8.6
9.1
11.0
92.5
97.2
99.8
88.6
93.0
97.6
99.6
87.3
7.5
7.4
8.5
10.4
9.4
9.5
7.1
9.9
9.5
8.5
10.4
10.1
11.6
11.0
10.7
11.9
11.6
5.6
3.0
8.3
9.6
7.1
7.2
7.2
7.2
7.8
11.9
11.5
8.8
8.9
8.7
10.1
3.4
3.1
4.2
4.9
3.4
4.1
3.0
10.4
3.6
8.6
5.2
13.5
9.4
13.8
8.6
11.2
18.0
14.2
11.0
5.1
10.3
6.3
5.0
6.5
5.0
7.4
5.1
16.4
101.2
96.4
101.3
%
2010
80.1
77.5
86.1
86.6
93.2
99.7
96.9
95.6
%
1995
103.4
98.4
103.5
100.6
111.1
51.3
95.7
98.4
83.8
97.7
96.0
56.5
45.1
60.1
80.3
99.0
98.6
98.7
98.4
91.9
93.3
95.2
91.1
93.6
97.4
99.5
56.4
94.5
82.9
97.2
93.9
96.8
99.1
66.8
86.6
87.0
83.4
101.0
98.5
99.1
101.3
127.8
95.6
93.2
92.0
91.5
117
TABLE 19: Population at risk

Droughts,
floods,
extr temp
% of
population
affected
%
118
total
total
refugees
internally
displaced
persons
others and
stateless
persons
thousand
people
2000
thousand
people
2011
thousand
people
2011
thousand
people
2011
thousand
people
2011
19 685
6 439
3 020
635
0
2
1 530
84
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
170
0
554
34
2
0
0
1 216
705
4
0
60
37
409
1
0
0
724
10
5
1
1
31 283
13 525
3 888
356
0
1
266
109
310
0
3
0
0
1
0
125
0
2 465
133
2
0
115
3 795
133
18
345
177
24
3 097
0
0
0
4 693
8
10
706
3
561
3 283
10 036
3 512
1 650
101
0
1
252
71
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
107
0
1 077
6
1
0
25
854
129
15
163
43
13
491
0
0
0
639
6
8
4
2
0
500
15 473
6 961
1 820
79
0
0
0
0
300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 357
30
0
0
54
1 938
0
0
105
124
0
1 709
0
0
0
3 076
0
0
94
0
560
2 423
1 412
174
163
163
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
514
2
2.0
0.7
3.4
3.4
1.8
9.2
0.7
0.9
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.5
1.9
0.7
3.1
7.5
0.1
3
0
0
2
0
0
1 476
0
0
1
0
1
16
4
2
438
4
32
1
9
0
3
0
0
2
1
0
1 146
1
2
903
0
4
23
18
2
71
5
42
1
27
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
366
0
1
155
0
3
20
13
1
67
4
40
1
17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
127
0
0
127
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.6
0.2
0.5
12
951
5
19
11
21
18
8
18
0
0
0
0
2
0
2009
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
UNHCR population of concern
2.9
1.5
3.4
2.4
0.0
6.8
7.3
3.3
6.5
0.9
8.8
0.0
3.7
1.3
0.1
4.6
0.9
1.5
4.2
0.4
1.0
0.1
0.2
2.7
0.3
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
2.8
0.1
TABLE 19: Population at risk (continued)

Droughts,
floods,
extr temp
% of
population
affected
%
2009
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.8
1.3
0.5
0.3
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.1
0.3
0.4
1.3
7.2
0.8
1.3
1.1
0.1
0.8
0.2
0.7
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.2
4.4
0.9
0.2
2.1
5.4
0.0
0.1
total
thousand
people
2000
thousand
people
2011
total
refugees
internally
displaced
persons
others and
stateless
persons
thousand
people
2011
thousand
people
2011
thousand
people
2011
959
958
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
4 442
4 437
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
488
484
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
3 888
3 888
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
540
0
24
0
0
0
1
185
0
0
0
0
126
0
27
6
0
0
14
0
18
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
8 773
128
3
7
62
0
56
1
0
0
1
4 327
0
9
0
0
1
1
8
0
0
0
0
7
1
41
3
2
0
13
0
2
0
0
6
0
1
0
0
1
396
0
8
0
0
0
1
7
0
0
0
0
6
1
34
2
1
0
7
0
1
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
3 888
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
4
0
0
0
0
4
12 328
197
4
177
1
1
14
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
4
0
0
0
0
4
5 567
21
4
3
1
1
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4 254
164
0
164
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 137
0
0
0
0
0
0
119

Droughts,
floods,
extr temp
% of
population
affected
%
2009
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
120
6.9
0.0
8.0
2.5
0.0
2.6
0.1
1.1
6.6
0.2
2.7
0.1
0.1
0.8
3.8
0.0
1.6
3.8
1.1
4.6
0.0
4.4
3.1
0.0
0.7
1.1
2.2
0.2
0.5
1.1
0.0
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
total
thousand
people
2000
thousand
people
2011
total
refugees
internally
displaced
persons
others and
stateless
persons
thousand
people
2011
thousand
people
2011
thousand
people
2011
1
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
2
4
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
803
0
37
14
16
0
139
47
0
0
176
372
5 882
4 779
9
109
21
109
0
1
17
837
1 959
11
862
0
0
298
584
1
2
1
13
117
0
0
0
10
58
0
3
3 512
1 310
3
4
1
2
1
12
10
1 253
1
22
2
0
3
1
1 399
0
15
16
8
1
778
241
0
1
0
339
5 996
4 249
15
59
21
89
0
9
1 124
431
4 730
102
618
0
0
287
3 053
2
3
1
16
96
0
0
1
48
146
0
357
986
222
7
3
1
7
2
7
4
164
1
26
2
0
2
1
794
0
15
16
8
1
415
1
0
0
0
338
3 001
2 664
10
58
16
72
0
7
36
137
1 749
16
16
0
0
10
1 428
1
2
1
15
94
0
0
1
20
140
0
2
467
157
6
2
1
1
2
6
3
110
0
25
2
0
0
0
499
0
0
0
0
0
339
159
0
0
0
0
1 039
448
0
0
0
0
0
0
453
138
2 553
0
599
0
0
274
1 332
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
347
370
28
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28
0
0
0
0
0
0
80
0
0
0
0
0
0
80
0
0
0
0
953
953
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
104
83
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
0
0
0
100
14
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Droughts,
floods,
extr temp
% of
population
affected
%
2009
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
total
thousand
people
2000
thousand
people
2011
total
refugees
internally
displaced
persons
others and
stateless
persons
thousand
people
2011
thousand
people
2011
thousand
people
2011
0.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2 199
10
0
1 106
404
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
673
3
0
3
0
0
760
16
0
228
85
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
416
0
0
10
0
0
308
14
0
59
63
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
162
0
0
8
0
0
341
0
0
113
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
228
0
0
0
0
0
86
1
0
54
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.4
5.3
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.1
2.5
3.0
0.0
0.8
1.7
0.7
0.1
0.1
2.5
5.0
0.1
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
121
PART
Feeding the world
The worlds population is set to grow considerably over the coming

years, albeit at a slower rate than in the past, and with considerable
differences across regions. Over the next four decades, the worlds
population is forecast to increase by 2 billion people to exceed 9 billion people by 2050. Recent FAO estimates indicate that to meet
the projected demand, global agricultural production will have to increase by 60 percent from its 20052007 levels.
Urbanization and increasing incomes are major drivers of expected
changes in consumption patterns. Over recent decades, many emerging economies of Western Asia, Northern Africa, Latin America and
Eastern Asia have seen fast and significant changes in food consumption levels and patterns. Per capita food availability in these regions is now close to 3 000 kcal/day. Roots, tubers and coarse grains
have gradually been replaced by increasing consumption of wheat,
rice, sugar, vegetable oils, and meat and dairy products. In contrast,
sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia are still well below the 2 500
kcal/person/day threshold. At the other extreme, Latin America consumes high per capita amounts of meat.
Over the coming decades, the burden of undernourishment is expected to decline in most regions. At the same time, changes in consumption patterns and shifts towards more sedentary lifestyles are
likely to make other forms of malnutrition more prominent in both
developed and developing countries. Diets are expected to become
richer in fats especially saturated fat sugar and salt, while urbanization and the reduction of physical activities will likely result
in lower calorie expenditures and more widespread obesity. Undernourishment and overnutrition may coexist, posing a double burden
of malnutrition in many developing countries.
Over the past 50 years, growth of world crop production originated
mostly from increased yields and higher cropping intensity. This pattern is expected to continue, given the limited opportunities and high
costs associated with expanding agricultural land. At the global level,
the rates of yield growth for most crops have been decelerating in recent decades, while yields continue to increase in absolute terms.
To date, yield gains have originated mostly from improved cropping
techniques, fertilization and irrigation. Much can be achieved by narrowing the gap between average farm yields and potential yields,
such as those obtained in experimental fields. In several developing
countries, on the other hand, average yields are estimated to be much
lower than their potential, failing to reach 30 percent in some cases.
Depending on the context, low productivity can be the outcome of
poor physical and market infrastructure, and wrong incentives. In
addition, food availability can be improved by reducing wastage and
post-harvest losses.
However, the intensification of production can be associated with significant negative environmental effects, including groundwater pollution, soil erosion and a loss in biodiversity. More sustainable use
of the limited resource base requires substantial improvements in
the management and use of land, water and inputs. Continuous investments are required in improved technologies to reduce losses in
biodiversity and limit carbon emissions from agriculture.
Developing and transferring technology alone will not tackle yield
gaps or reduce wastage or post-harvest losses. An enabling investment environment should also be established. Farmers are likely to
adopt technologies only if there are sound incentives to do so: this
calls for well-functioning input and output markets, improved infrastructure, and better finance and risk management tools.
Key Resources
The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA)
The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture
(SOFIA) is the flagship publication of the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. This premier
advocacy document is published every two years
to provide policy-makers, civil society and those
whose livelihoods depend on the sector a comprehensive, objective and global view of capture fisheries and aquaculture, including associated policy
issues.
Publication cycle: Biennial
Webpage:
www.fao.org/docrep/016/i2727e/i2727e00.htm
Food Outlook
Food Outlook is a biannual publication focusing on
developments affecting global food and feed markets. The sub-title "Global Market Analysis" reflects
this focus on developments in international markets, with comprehensive assessments and forecasts on a commodity by commodity basis. Food
Outlook maintains a close synergy with another
major GIEWS publication, Crop Prospects and Food
Situation, especially with regard to the coverage
of cereals. Food outlook is available in English,
French, Spanish and Chinese.
Publication cycle: Twice a year (May/June and
November/December)
Webpage:
www.fao.org/giews/english/fo/index.htm
In recent decades, the productive potential of global agriculture has exceeded population growth, resulting in a steady,
albeit slow, increase in average per capita food availability. For the world as a whole, per capita food supply rose
from about 2 200 kcal/day in the early 1960s to more than 2
800 kcal/day by 2009. At 3 370 kcal/person/day, Europe has
the greatest average supply. Protein and fat supplies, measured in grams per person per day, have also increased over
the past ten years, with fat supply outpacing proteins. However, supplies show considerable variability across regions,
as shown in the charts.
Progress in supply per capita alone does not necessarily result in a reduction of hunger, given that food insecurity is
often the result of lack of access, poor ability to utilize food,
and unstable conditions. Progress in reducing the prevalence of undernourishment has slowed since 2007. High
and volatile food prices and a slowdown in global economic
growth have hampered the ability of poor people to purchase enough food. From the perspective of aggregate agriculture, the lack of access to enough food faced by part of
the worlds population creates a gap with the potential food
demand that would materialize if access was adequate and
there was effective market demand. This gap is likely to remain a feature of global food and agriculture for the foreseeable future, but the more it is reduced, the greater the
incentive for agriculture to respond by making use of untapped production potentials. This is the case of certain developing areas where resources such as land and water are
available.
CHART 49: Food supply in crops primary equivalent

(2000-2009)
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
3 400
3 200
kcal/cap/day
Aggregate agriculture
3 000
2 800
2 600
2 400
2 000
2 002
2 004
2 006
2 008
CHART 50: Protein and fat supply in crops primary

equivalent (2000-2009)
Growth in aggregate food demand is expected to slow, following lower population growth and increased saturation
in high-income countries and emerging economies. At the
same time, agricultural demand for non-food uses is expected to expand. In the last decade, the bio-based economy in which the expansion of biofuels has been prominent has offered considerable opportunities, but this additional demand also presents challenges. While offering
new options for raising farm incomes, it can also increase
prices, placing additional burdens on poor consumers and
the worlds natural resource base.
Protein supply quantity in crops primary equivalent

Fat supply quantity in crops primary equivalent
g/cap/day
80
78
76
Further reading
2000
2002
2004
FAO Agricultural Development Economics Division (www.

fao.org/economic/esa/esa-home/en/)
Bruinsma (2011)
126
2006
2008
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 31: Food supply in crops primary equivalent (kcal/cap/day, 2009)
No data available
1 604 ~ < 2 370
2 370 ~ < 2 680
2 680 ~ < 2 910
2 910 ~ < 3 240
3 240 ~ 3 800
CHART 52: Fat supply in crops primary equivalent

(2009)
CHART 51: Protein supply in crops primary equivalent

(2009)
150
g/cap/day
g/cap/day
100
100
50
50
ld
W
or
a
ni
Oc
ea
pe
ro
As
ia
Eu
Am
er
ic
as
ric
a
Af
W
or
ld
a
ni
Oc
ea
op
e
Eu
r
as
ic
er
Am
Af
As
ia
0
ric
a
127
Growth in crop production
CHART 53: Crops, gross per capita production

(2004-2006 = 100) (2000-2010)
In the past 50 years, global crop production has expanded

threefold. This increase has been driven largely by higher
yields per unit of land, and crop intensification resulting
from multiple cropping and/or shortening of fallow periods.
The expansion of arable land area allocated to crops has
played a less important part in production increases.
104
index
However, these trends are not uniform across regions. For

instance, most of the growth in wheat and rice production in
developing countries in the land-scarce regions of Asia and
Northern Africa has been the result of gains in yield, while
expansion of harvested land is behind the rapid production
growth of maize in Latin America and the Caribbean and in
sub-Saharan Africa. Yield growth contributed only one-third
of the increase in crop production in the latter region.
World
100
Over the past half century, global arable land increased by

67 million ha, as a result of two opposing trends: an increase
of 107 million ha in developing countries and a decline of 40
million ha in developed countries. The arable land area in
developed countries peaked in the mid-1980s, and has fallen
at an accelerating rate ever since.
Major forces shaping the location and extent of crop production in the long term include land scarcity, access to technology, security of tenure, and social conditions such as genderbased rules and norms. Improved agro-ecological practices
have combined with the availability of new technologies to
promote commercially viable agricultural production.
For cereals, which occupy more than half of the worlds harvested area, the slowdown in yield growth has been pronounced, dropping from 3 percent per annum in the 1960s to
just over half that amount in the 1990s, before rising back to
almost 2 percent in the last decade. Growth in global yields
of other staples, such as pulses and root crops, has been
much smaller at well under 1 percent per annum over the
past five decades. In contrast, yield growth in oil crops has
been particularly dynamic, at about 3 percent per annum
the highest for any crops over the period.
96
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 54: Growth in cereals production (2000-2010)
Production
Harvested area
Yield
percent
Food, Nutrition, Agriculture and Major Commodity Groups

(www.fao.org/docrep/009/a0607e/a0607e00.htm)
FAO Food Outlook (www.fao.org/giews/english/fo/index.

htm)
128
ld
W
or
a
ni
Oc
ea
pe
ro
Eu
As
ia
er
Am
FAO World Agriculture: Towards 2030/2050 - Prospects for
Af
ric
a
ic
as
Further reading
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 32: Crops, gross per capita production (2004-2006 = 100) (index, 2010)
No data available
24.28 ~ < 94
94 ~ < 100
100 ~ < 110
110 ~ < 120
120 ~ 202
MAP 33: Food, gross per capita production (2004-2006 = 100) (index, 2010)
No data available
31.87 ~ < 94
94 ~ < 99
99 ~ < 100
100 ~ < 110
110 ~ 185.2
129
Trends in the crop sector
CHART 55: Per capita cereal production (2000-2010)
Cereals are the most important food source for human consumption. Of the approximately 2.3 billion tonnes of cereals
currently produced, roughly 1 billion tonnes is destined for
food use, 750 million tonnes is employed as animal feed, and
the remaining 500 million tonnes is processed for industrial
use, used as seed or wasted.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
The growth rate of world cereal production fell to 1 percent

per annum in the 1990s, down from 1.6 percent in the 1980s
and almost 3 percent in the 1970s. Between 2000 and 2003,
growth was almost zero, but has since increased to 2.3 percent.
kg/cap
1 000
In several periods of the past, transient factors have temporarily altered the underlying trajectory of growth in the
cereal sector, sometimes taking many years to dissipate: in
the 1960s, growth was propelled by the green revolution; in
the 1990s, production fell in transition economies, following economic downturns caused by the collapse of command
economies; supply grew faster than demand in the second
half of the 1990s, when Eastern Asian economies were hit by
economic crisis and erratic weather; and low prices and an
abundance of stocks depressed growth in the early 2000s.
Global demand growth in recent years is expected to have
been slowed by the economic downturns in many major consuming countries.
500
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 56: Per capita coarse grain production

(2000-2010)
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
500
kg/cap
400
300
200
100
2000
2002
2004
2006
130
2008
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 34: Cereal producing countries (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.063
0.063 ~ < 1.4
1.4 ~ < 5.1
5.1 ~ 497.9
MAP 35: Coarse grain producing countries (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.02
0.02 ~ < 0.52
0.52 ~ < 2.5
2.5 ~ 330.6
131
Since 2005, a series of unfavourable weather episodes in

major producing countries has combined with reduced levels of investment and stockholding to generate sudden increases in international prices. Increases in non-food uses
of cereals, such as the use of cereal feedstocks in the fuel
ethanol sector, have put additional pressure on prices, while
creating incentives to increase production.
CHART 57: Per capita rice production (2000-2010)
The geographical concentration of major grain supplies versus the geographical dispersion of demand suggests that
trade will continue to be important in fulfilling grain requirements, particularly for wheat and maize. With most production located in the temperate zones of developed countries,
increasing requirements in developing economies have increased the dependence on exports of these countries.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
150
The bulk of world rice production is destined for food use,

although some is used in domestic animal feeding. Rice is
the primary staple for more than half the worlds population,
with Asia representing the largest producing and consuming
region. In recent years, rice has also become an important
staple throughout Africa.
More of the earths surface is covered by wheat than by any
other food crop. Wheat production is the third largest cereal
production in the world, after maize and rice. In terms of
dietary intake, however, wheat comes second to rice as a
main food crop, given the more extensive use of maize as
animal feed.
kg/cap
100
While rice is produced in vast areas of the world, the physical

requirements for growing it are limited to certain zones. Economically viable cultivation typically requires high average
temperatures during the growing season, abundant supplies
of water applied in a timely manner, smooth land surfaces to
facilitate uniform flooding and drainage, and a subsoil stratum that inhibits the percolation of water.
50
0
2000
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 58: Per capita wheat production (2000-2010)
Wheat is a hardy crop that can grow in a wide range of environmental conditions and that permits large-scale cultivation and long-term storage, making it key to the emergence
of urban societies for millennia. Currently, about 65 percent of the wheat crop is used for food, 17 percent for animal feed, and 12 percent in industrial applications, including
biofuels.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
800
600
kg/cap
Growth in global wheat consumption has been facilitated

by imports, particularly into developing countries, including
both the many tropical non-wheat producing countries and
those where increasing land and water constraints hinder
production growth.
2002
400
200
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
132
2008
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 36: Rice producing countries (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.02
0.02 ~ < 0.32
0.32 ~ 197.2
MAP 37: Wheat producing countries (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.016
0.016 ~ < 1.3
1.3 ~ 115.2
133
In recent decades, oil crop production has been among

the most vibrant activities in world agriculture. Over the
20002010 decade alone, the sector grew by almost 5 percent per annum following growth of food consumption in developing countries. Most of this increase was in the form of
vegetable oil, but direct consumption of soybeans, groundnuts and processed products other than oils also grew. There
was rapid expansion in the production of oils with high protein content, such as soybean, which are used largely for direct consumption, with their oilmeals employed as feed. The
four most important oil crops oil-palm, soybean, rapeseed
and sunflower seed account for approximately 75 percent
of world production. For several countries, including some
major producers, these fast expanding oil crops were once
rare, cultivated in only insignificant amounts if at all.
CHART 59: Per capita oil crop production (2000-2010)
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
60
Pulses are important local food crops in the developing

world. They are an essential source of protein in the diets
of the worlds poorest countries. In farming systems, pulses
represent an input-saving and resource-conserving technology because their biological fixing of nitrogen reduces soil
pathogens and the need for chemical fertilizer. For example, a substantial part of the historical growth in Australias
cereal yields is attributed to the introduction of legumes in
rotation systems.
kg/cap
40
Although the oil crops sector is increasingly dominated by

a small number of crops and countries, the more traditional
crops continue to be a major element in the food supply of
many countries. Examples include groundnuts and sesame
seeds in the Sudan and Myanmar, coconuts in the Philippines
and Sri Lanka, olive oil in Mediterranean countries, and cottonseed oil in the countries of Central Asia and the Sahel.
20
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 60: Per capita pulse production (2000-2010)
The nutritional and environmental benefits of pulses are being explored in sub-Saharan Africa, where production has
increased over the last decade. At the global level, however,
changes in consumer preferences and feed rations and the
relegation of pulses to secondary crop status in the agricultural policies of other developing regions have led to stagnant production growth lagging behind population growth.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
kg/cap
75
50
25
2000
2002
2004
2006
134
2008
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 38: Oil crop producing countries (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.0000014
0.0000014 ~ < 0.0055
0.0055 ~ < 0.05
0.05 ~ < 0.29
0.29 ~ 25.02
MAP 39: Pulse producing countries (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.0021
0.0021 ~ < 0.027
0.027 ~ < 0.18
0.18 ~ 17.24
135
Root crops have traditionally been the mainstay of food consumption in several countries with low overall consumption
levels, mainly in sub-Saharan Africa and in Latin America
and the Caribbean. Changes in the production of these crops
is an important determinant of changes in national average
food consumption.
Currently, 156 million tonnes of sugar (raw equivalent) is

produced in approximately 120 countries. Most sugar is derived from sugar cane, and the remainder from sugar beet.
Sugar beet is a hardy biennial crop that is suited for cultivation in temperate climates, especially in the north. Approximately 50 countries are engaged in commercial sugar
beet cultivation, with France the worlds largest producer,
followed by the United States of America.
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
150
100
2000
Sugar cane is a genus of tropical grasses requiring strong

sunlight and abundant water for normal growth. In contrast to sugar beet production, which has declined in recent decades, sugar cane cultivation has undergone strong
growth, leading to a world production level of about 1.7 billion tonnes in 2011.
Africa
200
kg/cap
Few commodity groups exhibit such divergent trends in production across regions and economic status as root crops do.
For instance, in Europe, per capita production of potatoes (a
major regional staple) has been in long-term decline, while
production in Africa and Asia has registered robust growth
in the past decade or so, albeit from a much smaller base.
In contrast, the sweet potato has undergone a precipitous
decline: per capita production is currently one-third of the
levels of the late 1970s, a trend that reflects a rapid fall in
demand for sweet potatoes in China, especially for animal
feed.
CHART 61: Per capita roots and tubers production

(2000-2010)
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 62: Per capita sugar production (2000-2010)
The global expansion of sugar cane has been in response to

rising demand for sugar in food consumption and as a feedstock for ethanol production. The bulk of the increase has
come from developing countries, with Brazil fuelling much
of the growth; sugar cane production in Brazil doubled in
the last decade.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
250
200
kg/cap
150
100
50
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
136
2008
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 40: Root and tuber producing countries (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.0006
0.0006 ~ < 0.066
0.066 ~ < 0.44
0.44 ~ < 2.4
2.4 ~ 162.5
MAP 41: Sugar producing countries (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.0063
0.0063 ~ 31.87
137
Global fruit and vegetable production has experienced a remarkable increase. Output has been growing at an annual
rate of about 3 percent over the last decade. In 2011, almost
640 million tonnes of fruit and more than 1 billion tonnes
of vegetables were gathered throughout the world.
CHART 63: Per capita fruit production, excluding

melons (2000-2010)
World production growth has largely been driven by area expansion in Asia, especially China, which has emerged as the
worlds largest fruit and vegetable producer, with global output shares of about 20 percent for fruit, and more than 50
percent for vegetables. However, the familiar tendency for
stagnant production growth in other developed regions also
prevails in these commodities.
Beyond their monetary value, fruits and vegetables play an

important role in improving diets. WHO estimates that low
fruit and vegetable intake contributes to approximately 16
million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs, a measure of the
potential life lost through premature mortality and the years
of productive life lost through disability), and 1.7 million
deaths worldwide are attributable to low fruit and vegetable
consumption.
WHO and FAO recommend a minimum of 400 g of fruit and
vegetables per day excluding starchy root crops for the
prevention of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes and obesity, and for the prevention and alleviation of several micronutrient deficiencies, especially in
less developed countries. Meeting the rising global demand
for fruits and vegetables can create opportunities for poor
farmers in developing countries, but improved supply chain
efficiency, lower post-harvest losses and investments in infrastructure will be necessary before farmers in many of
these countries can reap the full benefits of cultivating these
highly perishable crops.
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
200
150
kg/cap
Strong growth rates in fruit and vegetable cultivation have

also been recorded in food-insecure and low-income regions
such as sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia. Horticultural
crop production generates high economic returns per unit
of land, offering promising income prospects, especially for
smallholders and in areas where land is scarce. In addition,
horticulture can contribute to poverty reduction by providing paid employment opportunities, because it is labourintensive.
Africa
100
50
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 64: Per capita vegetable production, including

melons (2000-2010)
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
kg/cap
150
100
Further reading
The State of Food and Agriculture 2012: Investing in agriculture for a better future (www.fao.org/publications/sofa/
en/)
OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2012-2021 (www.oecd.

org/site/oecd-faoagriculturaloutlook/)
138
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 42: Fruit producing countries, excluding melons (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.0014
0.0014 ~ < 0.059
0.059 ~ < 0.4
0.4 ~ < 2.2
2.2 ~ 122.3
MAP 43: Vegetable producing countries, including melons (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.0013
0.0013 ~ < 0.048
0.048 ~ < 0.4
0.4 ~ < 2.2
2.2 ~ 540
139
Animals are used for a variety of reasons, including meat,

eggs and dairy production, as well as for draught power or
future breeding. Significant changes are occurring in the
composition of livestock production (live animals). Growth
has gradually declined for cattle, from almost 2 percent per
year in the 1960s to less than 1 percent per year over the last
decade. Pig stocks have experienced an even more radical
decline, from a growth rate of more than 4 percent per year
50 years ago to only 0.8 percent per year since 2000. Poultry
stocks continue to be significant, growing at an average of 3
percent per year.
The production of live animals and the world food economy is increasingly driven by a shift in diet and food consumption patterns towards livestock products. Over the last
decade, consumption of meat in the developing countries of
Asia where the bulk of the world population increase has
taken place has been growing by about 3 percent per annum, and dairy product consumption by almost 5 percent.
Aggregate agricultural output is affected by these trends,
not only through the increase in livestock production itself,
but also through the linkage of livestock production to the
crop sector which supplies feedstuffs, mainly cereals and
oilseeds and the fisheries sector.
Globally, livestock production is the largest user of agricultural land. On the negative side, there are environmental
implications associated with the expansion of livestock production. For example, through the expansion of land for livestock development, sector growth has been a prime force
in deforestation in Latin America and the Caribbean and in
overgrazing in other regions. Intensive, large-scale livestock
operations, mostly in the industrial countries but increasingly also in developing regions, are a major source of environmental problems through effluent production. In parallel, growth in the ruminant sector contributes to greenhouse
gas concentrations in the atmosphere through methane
emissions and nitrous oxide from the waste of grazing animals.
CHART 65: Stocks of cattle and buffaloes, and sheep

and goats (2000-2010)
Cattle and buffaloes
Sheep and goats
billion heads
Trends in the livestock sector
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 66: Stocks of poultry birds (2000-2010)
Chickens
Geese and guinea fowls
Ducks
Turkeys
20
billion heads
15
10
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
140
2008
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 44: Stocks of cattle and buffaloes (million heads, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.002
0.002 ~ < 0.17
0.17 ~ < 1.4
1.4 ~ < 5.6
5.6 ~ 322.3
CHART 68: Stocks of poultry birds (2010)
CHART 67: Stocks of cattle and buffaloes, and sheep

and goats (2010)
Sheep and goats

20
2.0
15
billion heads
billion heads
1.5
10
1.0
5
0.5
ld
W
or
ni
a
Oc
ea
op
e
Eu
r
ia
As
as
ic
er
Am
Af
W
or
ld
a
ni
Oc
ea
pe
ro
Eu
er
Am
As
ia
ic
as
a
ric
Af
ric
a
0.0
141
Fast growth in the meat sector has been underpinned by

rising demand for poultry meat, which has consistently increased at about three times the rate of population growth
over each of the past five decades. For other meats, per
capita production growth has been stagnant or negligible,
especially for ruminants (beef, sheep and goats) and pigs
(when China is excluded). Moreover, in many developing
countries, where the need to increase protein consumption
is greatest, the productive sector has not participated in the
livestock revolution.
Beef and buffalo meat
Poultry meat
Sheep and goat meat
Pig meat
300
200
million tonnes
For instance, there are still about 20 developing countries

where per capita meat consumption is below 10 kg/year,
compared with an average of 80 kg/year in developed countries. Cultural or religious reasons may explain this feature
in some countries, but low productive capacities are, by and
large, the main cause in many.
CHART 69: Meat production (2000-2010)
100
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 70: Meat production by type (2010)
Poultry meat
Sheep and goat meat
Pig meat
million tonnes
90
60
30
142
ld
W
or
Oc
ea
ni
a
e
ro
p
Eu
ia
As
as
er
ic
Am
Af
ric
a
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 45: Meat producing countries (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.00085
0.00085 ~ < 0.04
0.04 ~ < 0.21
0.21 ~ < 0.8
0.8 ~ 80.93
CHART 72: Per capita meat production (2010)
CHART 71: Per capita meat production (2000-2010)
400
Poultry meat
Sheep and goat meat
Pig meat
15.1
99.6
29.64
76.66
158
42.67
Denmark
New Zealand
300
kg/cap
40
kg/cap
30
200
Uruguay
20
100
Israel
South Africa
10
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
ld
W
or
a
ni
Oc
ea
Eu
ro
pe
ia
As
ic
er
Am
Af
as
ric
a
143
Growth of world milk production and consumption has been

far less buoyant. Until recently, per capita growth was
largely stagnant, remaining unchanged for several decades.
Per capita consumption in developing countries continues
to be well below that in industrial countries, partly reflecting consumption habits as well as low incomes and poverty,
but the gap is gradually closing, especially in Eastern and
Southern Asia. For example, in Eastern Asia, per capita dairy
intake has more than doubled in the past decade.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
60
million tonnes
Feed demand for cereals is often considered a dynamic element that conditions the growth of the cereals sector, especially in developed countries. Recently, however, particularly in developing regions, this dynamism has been largely
absent and growth in livestock production has by far outstripped growth in compound feed demand. Therefore, the
world is obtaining more meat, milk and eggs per kilogram of
cereal-based feed, which points to productivity gains in livestock production. Some of these improvements are linked
to changes in the composition of livestock production, as
poultry requires far smaller quantities of cereal feed per kilogram of meat than, for instance, beef. Other forces have also
led to the reduced grainmeat ratios. Among these is the
growing use of oilmeals in livestock feeding. World output
of soybeans, which are mainly processed into oil and highprotein oilmeal, grew by more than 4 percent per annum
in the last decade and by 5 percent in the 1990s. By implication, the production and consumption of soybean meal
as feed has risen by the same levels, suggesting a relative
increase in the feed use of oilmeals at the expense of feedgrains. A principal factor has been the expansion of livestock
production systems in developing countries with lower average grainmeat ratios.
CHART 73: Egg production (2000-2010)
40
20
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 74: Cheese production (2000-2010)
The continued growth of developing countries share in

world livestock output is associated with a shift from grazing and backyard production to stall-fed systems, relying
on concentrated feeds. Consequently, changes in production
systems tend to raise the average grainmeat ratios of these
developing countries, thus compensating for the opposite
trends that result from improvements in productivity.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
20
million tonnes
15
10
Further reading
FAO Animal Production and Health Division (www.fao.org/
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
ag/portal/aga-index/en/)
The State of Food and Agriculture 2009: Livestock in the

balance (www.fao.org/publications/sofa-2009/en/)
144
2008
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 46: Milk production (million tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.000033
0.000033 ~ < 0.03
0.03 ~ < 0.4
0.4 ~ < 2.1
2.1 ~ 116.9
CHART 75: Butter and ghee production (2000-2010)
CHART 76: Processed milk production (2000-2010)
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Evaporat and condensed milk production
Americas
Europe
World
Skim milk and buttermilk production
7.5
million tonnes
million tonnes
5.0
2.5
0.0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
145
Trends in the fisheries sector
CHART 77: Per capita capture fish production

(2000-2010)
In 2010, capture fisheries and aquaculture supplied the

world with 148 million tonnes of fish, crustaceans and molluscs. Of this, 128 million tonnes was used as human food,
providing an estimated per capita food supply of about 19
kg (live weight equivalent). Globally, fish provides about 17
percent of the populations average per capita intake of animal protein.
Although capture fisheries dominate world output, aquaculture accounts for a growing percentage of total fish supply,
rising from a share of approximately 13 percent in 1990 to
40 percent in 2010. Aquaculture provides close to half (47
percent) of all fish supplies destined for direct human food
consumption.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
40
Worldwide, capture fisheries and aquaculture provide a

source of income and livelihood for 55 million people
through direct employment; overall there are more than 220
million jobs in the global fish industry. Millions of rural
dwellers many of them women, particularly in Asia and
Africa are involved in seasonal or occasional fishing activities and have few alternative sources of income and employment. Employment in aquaculture is increasing more
rapidly than world population growth and now accounts for
one-quarter of all the workers directly involved in the fisheries sector. Employment in fishing is decreasing in capitalintensive economies.
kg/cap
30
Most of the fish landed and not used for direct human consumption is processed into fishmeal and oil for use as animal
feed, mainly for carnivorous aquatic species (such as shrimp,
salmon, trout, eels, sea bass and sea bream), but also for
pigs, chickens, household pets, cattle, etc.
20
10
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Source: FAO, Fisheries and Aquaculture Department (fishery and

aquaculture statistics).
CHART 78: Per capita aquaculture fish production

(2000-2010)
Over the 20002010 decade, the production of capture fisheries fluctuated between 90 and 95 million tonnes per annum, with more than half of the global catch coming from
the Pacific Ocean. Global production is typically influenced
by variations in catches of anchoveta (Peruvian anchovy) a
species extremely susceptible to oceanographic conditions
determined by El Nio Southern Oscillation in the Southeast Pacific. Fluctuations in other species and regions tend
to compensate for each other to a large extent.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
kg/cap
10
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010

146
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 47: Capture fish producing countries (thousand tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 1.7
1.7 ~ < 11
11 ~ < 65
65 ~ < 270
270 ~ 16 270
Source: FAO, Fisheries and Aquaculture Department (fishery and aquaculture statistics).
MAP 48: Aquaculture producing countries (thousand tonnes, 2010)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.085
0.085 ~ < 0.8
0.8 ~ < 5.4
5.4 ~ < 64
64 ~ 37 045
147
Inland fisheries are vital for livelihoods in many parts of the

world and also for diets, because they provide high-quality
protein, essential nutrients and minerals that are often difficult to obtain from other food sources. In recent years, inland water fishery production has expanded to over 10 million tonnes, accounting for more than 10 percent of global
capture production. However, the state of inland fishery resources and the ecosystems that support them is not generally well known, and the reliability of data on inland water
catches reported by several countries remains questionable.
There is a growing appreciation of the need to improve inland fishery statistics.
Aquaculture represents the fastest-growing, animal-based
food production sector, with 60 million tonnes of production in 2010; aquaculture growth continues to outpace population growth. Great strides in breeding technology, system
design and feed technology in the second half of the twentieth century have enabled the expansion of commercially viable aquaculture across species and in volume. China alone
produced more than 60 percent of global aquaculture production, while Asia as a whole accounted for about 90 percent. In quantity terms, aquaculture production has been
dominated by species that feed low on the food chain in their
natural habitats, such as carp, characins and tilapias. Aquaculture also provides dominant shares of the total production of several high-priced species such as salmon, shrimp,
prawns, eels, oysters and scallops. The shares of aquaculture products in international trade is increasing, not only
for high-priced products but also for a broad range of other
species.
CHART 79: State of the worlds fishery stocks (1974 and

2009)
100
percent
75
Recovering,
depleted
or overexploited
Fully
exploited
Under- or
moderately
exploited
50
25
0
1974
2009

CHART 80: Composition of fish production (2010)
100
75
Others
percent
Major marine stocks are shrinking rapidly. The proportion of

stocks estimated to be under- or moderately exploited declined from 40 percent in the mid-1970s to 12 percent in
2009. In contrast, the proportion of overexploited, depleted
or recovering stocks increased from 10 percent in 1974 to 30
percent in 2009. The proportion of fully exploited stocks has
remained relatively stable at about 50 to 60 percent since
the 1970s. As a whole, these figures indicate that global marine capture production is unlikely to increase, unless effective management plans are put in place to rebuild overfished
stocks. While there is a degree of uncertainty about these estimates, the apparent increasing trend in the percentage of
overexploited, depleted and recovering stocks and the decreasing trend in underexploited and moderately exploited
stocks give cause for concern. At the same time, however,
there are encouraging signs of steady progress in restoring
overfished stocks and marine ecosystems through effective
management in some areas.
Cephalopods
Molluscs
excluding
cephalopods
Crustaceans
50
Freshwater and
diadromous fish
Marine
fish
25
re
tu
Ca
p
Aq
u
Further reading
ac
u
ltu
re
FAO The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA)

(www.fao.org/fishery/sofia/en)
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department (www.fao.org/

fishery/en)
148

FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 49: Geo-location of harvests by capture and aquaculture (2010)
Geo location harvests (thousand tonnes, 2010)

50 000
Capture
Aquaculture
5 000
50
500
CHART 81: Per capita fish food supply (1990-2010)
Capture fisheries
Aquaculture
20
kg/cap
15
10
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
149
Most of the food consumed worldwide is grown locally.

Where there is not enough local production to meet demand, global trade has been instrumental in filling the gap.
The scale of food and agricultural trade today is unprecedented. In real terms, the value of international flows has
increased around fivefold over the past 50 years, reflecting
global trends in the overall volume of trade. However, this
expansion has been unevenly distributed across regions. For
much of the period, high-income countries outpaced developing regions, although several of the latter have comparative advantages in food and agricultural production.
At the global level, barring changes in stocks, agricultural
production should be equal to consumption. However, differing growth rates can be observed for individual countries and country groups, depending on changes in their net
agricultural trade positions. In general, the growth rates of
production in most developing regions have been slightly
smaller than those of demand, as these countries agricultural imports have grown faster than their exports, thus
gradually eroding their traditional surpluses in agricultural
trade (excluding fishery and forestry products). By the turn
of the 1990s, the trend was that surplus diminished and became a net deficit.
CHART 82: Exports of fruit and vegetables, constant

2005 US$ (2000-2010)
World
160
140
billion US$
Trends in agricultural trade
120
100
80
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Sources: FAO, Statistics Division (FAOSTAT) and World Bank.
CHART 83: Exports of vegetable oils, constant 2005

US$ (2000-2010)
World
60
billion US$
50
40
30
20
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
150
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 50: Import value (2004-2006 = 100) (index, 2010)
No data available
77 ~ < 140
140 ~ < 160
160 ~ < 190
190 ~ < 220
220 ~ 584
CHART 84: Composition of global exports, constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010)
Fish exports
Meat and meat prep.
Dairy products (milk equivalent)
Sugar and honey
Coffee, tea, cocoa and spices
Cereals and prep.
Fruit and vegetables
Oilseeds
Veg. oils
Beverages
800
billion US$
600
400
200
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
151
Traditionally, developing countries have been net importers

of products from temperate agriculture especially cereals net exporters of rice, and net importers of wheat and
coarse grains. Wheat is the largest deficit item in the developing country food basket. Between 1970 and 2010, more
than half of the increment in wheat consumption was met by
increased wheat imports, and several countries became totally dependent on imports for wheat. Map 51, which shows
trade flows in terms of value, highlights the key roles played
by the United States of America, Canada and Australia as
wheat export hubs. The great majority of developing countries have been increasing their net imports, such as Saudi
Arabia, the Republic of Korea, Egypt and Algeria.
The overall net deficit in food and agricultural trade of developing countries as a group would be much deeper were it
not for the exceptional performance of some emerging agroexporters, notably Brazil. This country has gained a prominent position as an exporter of oilseeds and livestock products. Chinas large-scale imports of agricultural products in
the last decade, especially raw materials and primary commodities, have also had an impact on this trend.
World
120
billion US$
At the same time, net exporting developing countries have

been increasing their exports in recent decades. India and
China have joined the traditional net exporters of Southern
America, such as Brazil and Argentina, and the rice exporters
of Asia, including Thailand. India and China have become
net exporters of other cereals. Chinas net exports of coarse
grains have grown from about the mid-1980s, and India has
been an occasional net exporter of wheat since 2000.
CHART 85: Exports of cereals, constant 2005 US$

(2000-2010)
100
80
60
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 86: Exports of oilseeds and sugar and honey,

constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010)
Oilseeds
Sugar and honey
50
billion US$
40
30
20
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
152
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 51: Major trade flows of wheat (US$, 2010)
Romania
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
Turkey
Spain
Portugal
Cte d'Ivoire
Russian Federation
Netherlands
Belgium
Ukraine
Czech Republic
France
Libya
Viet Nam
Egypt
Malaysia
Australia
Bangladesh
Germany
Republic of
Korea
Morocco
Italy
United States
of America
Poland
Algeria
Japan
Indonesia
China
Thailand
Sudan
(former)
Yemen
Canada
South Africa
Saudi Arabia
Hungary
Austria
Ethiopia
Mexico
Colombia
Chile
Venezuela
Peru
Guatemala
Philippines
Nigeria
Dominican Republic
Sri Lanka
Iraq
Ten largest trade flows

Brazil
Argentina
Exporting
Importing Thousand
country
country
US$
882.07
Australia
Indonesia
Algeria
870.26
France
Egypt
858.73
Russian Federation
Nigeria
804.43
Japan
794.54
Argentina
Brazil
771.1
573.49
Mexico
Egypt
569.05
France
527.64
Canada United States of America
468.68
France
Morocco
153
Fruit and vegetables have witnessed consistent increases in

the net exporter position of many countries. This product
aggregate has become the most important in value terms.
Over the 20002010 decade, the fruit and vegetables sector has grown by more than 11 percent per year at the global
level, by almost 20 percent in Africa and by 17 percent in
Asia, but Europe continues to be the largest exporter. International trade in vegetable oils has also grown rapidly,
at 17 percent per year. Asian countries accounted for more
than half of global exports in 2010, because of rapidly rising
net exports from countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia.
Imports into China have gained much prominence, and Argentina and Brazil remain the major exporters from Latin
America.
In many emerging economies, agriculture has been gradually moving towards increased commercialization of highvalue foods, such as poultry, pork and fish. For poultry and
fish, trade expansion has far outpaced domestic consumption. The aggregate value of net fishery exports from developing countries now exceeds the total value of the traditional mainstays of agricultural exports, such as coffee, tea,
cocoa, bananas and sugar.
Fish exports
Meat and meat prep.
100
80
billion US$
As a whole, developing countries traditionally large trade

surpluses of sugar have diminished rapidly since the early
1990s, as several developing countries became major importers. This shrinkage also reflects domestic support and
trade protection in some major sugar importing countries.
Globally, sugar and honey exports grew by 11 percent over
the last decade. Most of this growth was driven by the Americas and Asia. Oilseed exports also grew very quickly, at more
than 15 percent per year.
CHART 87: Exports of livestock products and fish,

constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010)
60
40
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 88: Exports of animal fats, constant 2005 US$

(2000-2010)
World
billion US$
2.5
2.0
1.5
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
154
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 52: Major trade flows of pig meat (US$, 2010)
Canada
China
China,
Hong Kong SAR
Republic of Korea
Mexico
Brazil
Australia
Russian Federation
Belarus
Poland
Japan
Denmark
United
Kingdom
Sweden
Belgium
Italy
Germany
Austria
France
Spain
Czech Republic
Netherlands
Greece
Exporting
country
Denmark
Denmark
Belgium
Denmark
Germany
Denmark
Germany
Portugal
Importing Thousand
country
US$
Japan 1552.39
Japan
618.25
Germany
615.33
560.66
Mexico
Germany
442.26
419.52
Canada
United Kingdom
393.37
347.3
Poland
316.92
Poland
284.85
Russian Federation
155
Global exports of coffee, tea, cocoa and spices almost tripled

between 2000 and 2010, from US$29 billion in 2000 to
US$79 billion in 2010. Coffee alone accounted for about a
third of this expansion. Germany and Brazil are major players among importers and exporters, respectively. Despite
domestic turmoil, Cte dIvoire has also re-emerged as a major coffee exporter, with volumes growing by almost 20 percent since 2007.
CHART 89: Exports of coffee, tea, cocoa and spices,

constant 2005 US$ (2000-2010)
World
70
The prospects for developing countries to benefit substantially from international trade depend on several complex
factors. Increasing product differentiation, safety requirements and concerns about the carbon footprints of products
are likely to bring about significant compliance costs for exporters. For developing countries, access to foreign markets
may demand increased investments; and policies for promoting exports will need to look well beyond tariffs and
subsidies towards the establishment of standards and producers networks.
In general, the agricultural trade balance is a poor predictor of economic performance. For some countries, a declining agricultural trade balance is associated with economic
development and progress towards more diversification and
increased welfare. For example, in the Republic of Korea
a growing agricultural deficit has gone hand-in-hand with
high growth rates, economic development and increased
food consumption. A declining balance can also reflect rapid
demand growth, such as in China, where increasing importation of oilseeds and vegetable oils contributed to improved
food consumption and was paid for by rapidly growing earnings from exported manufactured products.
On the other hand, a declining agricultural trade balance
can also be associated with negative economic and developmental outcomes, such as in countries that depend heavily
on shrinking export earnings and are forced to divert scarce
foreign exchange to pay for growing food imports bills. In
these cases, food imports can contribute to the build-up of
unsustainable foreign debts. Even more negative outcomes
can be found where increasing food imports are not associated with rising per capita food consumption and improved
food security, but are necessary just to sustain minimum levels of food consumption. This is a not an uncommon situation.
Further reading
FAO Trade and Markets Division (www.fao.org/economic/
est/)
156
billion US$
60
50
40
30
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
CHART 90: Exports of beverages, constant 2005 US$

(2000-2010)
World
70
60
billion US$
Increased trade integration has provided consumers with a

greater variety of products at lower prices, produced through
increasingly complex value chains. However, the distribution of benefits along value chains can be quite uneven. In
the case of coffee, for instance, in the 1970s it was estimated
that only about 20 percent of the total value of the final
product was retained by primary producers, while companies from consuming countries retained about 50 percent. In
recent years, this asymmetry has increased: the value share
retained by primary producers is thought to have dropped to
about 10 percent, while that retained by companies in consuming countries surged to more than 75 percent.
50
40
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
FEEDING THE WORLD
MAP 53: Major trade flows of coffee (US$, 2010)
Canada
Japan
Greece
Australia
Italy
Sweden
Austria
Denmark
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Portugal
Slovakia
Netherlands
France
Germany
Belgium
Spain
Romania

Poland
Luxembourg
Czech Republic
Exporting
country
Canada
France
Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland
Germany
Belgium
Germany
Italy
Importing
country
Canada
Spain
Spain
France
Germany
Netherlands
France
France
France
Thousand
US$
436.66
270.56
205.78
203.57
165.8
137.45
136.11
134.4
134.07
128.76
157
TABLE 20: Top cereal producers and their productivity

Cereals
area
total
thousand
ha
2010
China
India
Indonesia
Brazil
France
Russian Federation
Bangladesh
Argentina
Canada
Viet Nam
Germany
Thailand
Ukraine
Mexico
Pakistan
Myanmar
Australia
Turkey
Poland
Nigeria
Philippines
United Kingdom
Egypt
Spain
Italy
Romania
Ethiopia
South Africa
Hungary
Kazakhstan
Serbia
Japan
Cambodia
Denmark
Morocco
Nepal
Uzbekistan
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
158
90 115
57 483
100 076
17 385
18 600
9 770
32 331
12 078
9 351
13 116
8 617
6 596
13 495
14 184
9 974
13 332
8 950
19 437
12 096
7 865
16 105
9 435
6 853
3 012
2 990
5 984
3 460
5 019
9 233
3 548
2 600
15 068
1 873
1 941
3 107
1 499
5 245
5 063
3 383
1 635
693 701
107 269
30 258
8 180
19 973
4 239
44 618
120 316
49 718
70 599
336 550
18 696
94 553
60 271
142 449
20 581
109 982
69 376
8 797
13 753
18 056
19 582
19 573
10
0
0
yield
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
0.5
0.2
0.2
1.3
0.8
0.7
2.4
0.3
1.8
3.2
0.3
0.6
1.9
1.5
0.2
0.5
2.3
1.0
1.4
1.1
1.2
3.0
0.5
1.1
0.8
1.3
1.8
1.2
2.5
3.9
0.6
2.1
0.5
4.7
0.1
7.6
0.7
0.2
0.2
0.5
2.6
3.6
4.5
2.2
3.5
2.2
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.6
1.8
0.5
1.5
0.2
0.5
0.9
1.1
0.8
1.8
0.2
1.0
1.0
2.1
0.1
total
thousand
hg/ha
2010
55
70
27
49
40
70
18
43
50
35
52
67
30
27
35
26
39
17
27
34
15
24
32
70
65
32
54
33
17
41
47
8
50
48
29
59
16
15
23
45
36
15
16
10
18
36
12
53
39
63
37
14
55
40
28
23
37
26
51
43
68
18
18
31
17
production
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
1.0
1.8
1.6
1.9
4.3
0.4
1.7
2.4
3.9
2.2
2.3
0.4
1.1
3.4
2.4
0.8
2.2
1.3
1.6
2.9
2.7
2.5
2.3
0.3
1.1
1.1
0.9
6.0
4.2
4.2
2.7
1.6
2.7
3.1
0.5
1.3
15.5
0.7
6.4
1.7
2.2
0.7
1.9
2.6
2.9
2.0
1.8
1.7
1.9
2.6
4.9
0.8
2.1
2.8
6.1
1.1
3.3
0.0
2.2
0.3
0.8
1.1
0.5
2.7
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
483 277
419 381
250 783
82 029
70 914
70 034
95 616
49 736
26 538
49 552
43 324
49 809
37 040
45 406
31 282
38 157
34 521
34 500
33 570
29 571
21 229
20 836
23 301
21 619
22 757
17 755
17 706
14 873
14 496
14 577
13 590
20 764
8 999
9 343
8 510
10 164
5 807
10 444
8 114
7 358
2 496 099
160 092
42 835
7 847
46 788
14 876
47 746
634 060
165 127
468 933
1 200 579
34 470
504 739
235 807
378 072
47 491
465 710
226 772
50 750
57 038
131 150
35 659
35 624
35
0
0
497 943
401 670
267 838
84 797
75 161
68 285
59 624
51 875
47 146
45 651
44 614
44 314
40 765
38 679
34 922
34 811
34 555
33 506
32 765
26 653
24 590
22 247
22 149
20 946
19 451
19 335
18 825
16 713
15 534
14 699
12 269
12 116
9 291
9 234
9 019
8 818
8 637
7 834
7 763
7 416
2 476 416
164 536
49 815
8 135
36 918
15 107
54 560
641 492
194 172
447 321
1 228 819
25 660
518 406
242 765
395 106
46 882
407 032
179 693
45 253
58 516
123 570
34 537
34 507
30
0
0
1990-99
1999-2009
2.2
1.7
1.7
1.7
0.8
1.1
0.6
2.3
0.6
3.2
4.1
0.9
5.9
3.2
2.7
0.9
2.7
1.1
2.6
6.6
1.3
3.2
5.1
0.2
1.5
1.4
0.5
3.9
3.6
0.2
1.6
0.1
1.7
1.3
5.6
3.8
1.8
3.8
2.7
6.8
1.2
5.3
1.9
1.3
2.5
2.8
3.9
4.7
2.1
0.5
2.2
2.8
1.6
0.3
5.7
0.9
2.1
0.8
4.1
3.0
1.5
4.3
0.0
1.7
6.4
1.5
1.7
2.0
0.9
4.0
3.9
4.0
2.6
1.9
2.8
1.6
2.1
1.9
2.7
2.0
2.1
0.2
1.5
0.4
0.3
1.3
4.6
4.6
1.4
3.8
2.7
7.5
1.5
3.8
10.5
2.1
5.5
2.1
4.1
4.6
5.9
5.2
3.7
2.5
2.1
2.6
1.9
1.6
4.7
0.5
3.5
1.6
2.3
2.5
4.5
1.5
0.6
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.6
5.2
TABLE 21: Top coarse grain producers and their productivity

Coarse grains
area
total
thousand
ha
2010
China
Brazil
India
Mexico
Argentina
France
Canada
Ukraine
Germany
Nigeria
Indonesia
Poland
Russian Federation
South Africa
Spain
Ethiopia
Turkey
Australia
Romania
Italy
Hungary
Egypt
Serbia
Philippines
United Kingdom
Thailand
Niger
Belarus
Viet Nam
Burkina Faso
Pakistan
Mali
Denmark
Kenya
Uganda
Austria
Malawi
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
36 749
35 741
13 696
28 756
9 254
4 763
3 815
4 847
7 871
3 298
13 635
4 132
5 458
10 490
2 989
3 954
7 502
3 893
5 911
2 854
1 382
1 587
1 243
1 389
2 499
1 074
4 054
1 836
1 375
10 604
1 788
1 128
4 158
1 835
3 273
735
2 362
1 857
672
1 833
314 626
87 223
24 771
7 518
12 665
3 664
38 604
76 688
35 091
41 596
91 796
2 313
36 548
10 593
34 269
8 073
52 922
32 376
4 400
8 113
8 033
5 997
5 992
5
0
0
yield
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
0.3
2.2
0.9
0.5
0.1
0.4
0.0
4.1
1.2
2.0
1.6
1.7
1.2
6.1
3.7
0.9
2.1
1.4
1.1
2.6
1.4
0.9
1.5
0.0
1.6
7.2
2.8
0.3
3.8
0.5
4.4
4.7
0.1
5.4
1.9
3.1
3.7
1.9
1.9
0.8
2.5
3.3
4.8
2.5
3.2
2.0
0.2
0.8
0.2
1.1
0.5
2.2
2.2
0.1
0.0
1.8
2.2
2.3
1.2
0.7
1.1
1.1
0.8
0.7
total
thousand
hg/ha
2010
90
52
42
15
34
63
72
46
28
61
15
44
31
16
44
32
16
31
19
38
76
54
64
55
26
57
15
31
38
5
28
41
10
23
12
51
16
20
52
19
36
13
15
10
13
37
11
64
39
85
33
16
51
36
17
21
38
27
42
47
66
20
20
32
16
production
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
1.7
1.4
4.8
3.8
2.6
2.8
0.3
3.3
3.6
0.5
2.7
4.8
3.5
0.9
4.8
1.6
4.1
2.6
1.2
8.9
0.1
3.9
1.0
3.6
0.2
0.5
4.4
0.7
5.7
3.9
4.1
2.2
6.8
4.5
0.4
1.7
2.5
1.5
1.3
2.3
2.3
0.6
1.9
3.0
3.2
1.4
2.3
2.6
2.2
4.4
5.5
1.1
4.8
8.6
8.1
1.3
4.5
0.2
2.1
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.4
1.2
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
349 043
171 480
53 207
34 431
26 903
16 187
31 564
22 705
24 377
24 616
17 632
17 630
19 782
32 963
12 616
12 131
11 887
12 220
12 779
9 598
9 551
9 159
8 713
6 931
7 034
7 543
4 390
5 098
4 923
3 423
6 175
4 373
3 413
3 790
4 369
4 223
2 637
3 570
3 339
3 669
1 124 211
110 980
32 865
7 140
20 947
12 895
37 133
486 115
114 367
371 747
280 602
5 040
173 860
37 846
47 322
16 534
232 996
110 962
23 121
36 901
62 012
13 518
13 499
18
0
0
330 581
185 550
57 754
43 072
31 029
30 030
27 379
22 484
21 679
20 208
20 066
18 328
17 165
17 056
13 266
12 798
12 355
12 231
11 171
10 839
10 459
8 518
7 944
7 660
6 377
6 068
5 924
5 734
5 180
5 165
4 986
4 609
4 290
4 266
4 086
3 758
3 749
3 667
3 518
3 498
1 121 933
116 571
37 454
7 411
16 030
13 641
42 035
490 829
137 764
353 064
303 933
3 622
187 851
38 275
57 156
17 030
198 855
88 990
18 374
38 278
53 213
11 745
11 727
17
0
0
1990-99
2000-10
1.7
4.1
2.0
1.4
3.8
9.0
0.6
1.5
1.1
2.7
4.0
1.0
4.6
1.4
4.3
2.3
1.7
3.5
0.1
3.2
0.1
1.8
2.1
0.8
0.3
4.7
7.7
3.2
2.0
1.7
2.5
1.2
2.7
0.1
5.1
1.9
4.6
5.7
3.3
2.5
3.3
0.3
0.9
4.8
1.6
1.1
6.6
2.2
5.3
0.9
2.5
6.2
1.2
0.1
6.0
1.3
3.0
0.5
3.5
1.8
7.7
7.4
1.0
9.6
3.3
8.7
7.0
7.0
10.1
2.3
4.9
6.3
0.3
3.2
2.9
4.8
5.9
7.2
6.1
0.9
4.3
2.5
4.5
1.7
4.7
2.8
4.6
6.4
4.7
2.9
0.3
2.2
2.4
1.2
0.7
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.5
159
TABLE 22: Top rice producers and their productivity

Rice
area
total
China
India
Indonesia
Bangladesh
Viet Nam
Thailand
Myanmar
Philippines
Brazil
Japan
Cambodia
Pakistan
Republic of Korea
Madagascar
Nigeria
Egypt
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Peru
Malaysia
Korea
Colombia
Mali
Ecuador
Italy
Guinea
Argentina
Uruguay
Russian Federation
Sierra Leone
Spain
Turkey
Cte dIvoire
Afghanistan
Senegal
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
160
yield
p.a.
growth
%
total
thousand
ha
2010
2000-10
thousand
hg/ha
2010
30 117
42 862
13 254
11 529
7 489
12 120
8 012
4 354
2 722
1 463
1 627
2 777
2 365
892
1 808
2 433
460
1 060
1 481
855
564
389
1 136
678
570
0.1
0.4
1.2
0.7
0.2
2.1
2.4
0.8
2.9
1.8
0.8
3.8
0.0
1.8
4.1
1.0
3.5
2.5
0.5
1.7
0.5
3.1
10.6
0.3
0.6
65
34
50
43
53
29
41
36
41
75
52
30
31
69
26
18
94
41
27
36
53
73
23
36
43
465
686
393
248
864
250
215
162
201
549
122
99
395
208
147
161 762
10 517
3 435
647
473
1
5 960
7 270
5 807
1 463
143 234
211
33 206
49 576
60 092
149
718
256
0
437
24
23
19
4
0
0
0.1
6.9
1.5
1.2
2.6
6.1
1.3
1.6
1.8
11.6
0.5
5.5
1.5
4.8
5.5
52
34
43
61
17
50
58
71
53
19
76
87
18
32
41
43
25
24
11
93
26
21
51
45
75
44
39
65
41
36
69
60
52
66
50
90
104
29
18
production
p.a.
growth
%
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
1990-99
2000-10
0.5
1.7
1.3
2.2
2.3
1.2
1.9
1.7
3.1
0.7
2.5
3.4
0.1
0.2
2.5
2.1
0.3
1.7
0.1
1.6
3.8
1.0
2.2
1.7
3.0
196 681
135 673
64 399
48 144
38 950
32 116
32 682
16 266
12 651
9 972
8 474
7 586
10 334
7 023
4 540
3 546
5 520
3 652
4 524
3 145
2 253
2 991
1 335
2 511
2 336
197 212
143 963
66 469
50 061
40 006
35 584
32 580
15 772
11 236
11 027
8 483
8 245
7 235
6 136
4 738
4 473
4 330
4 301
4 024
3 071
3 013
2 831
2 650
2 465
2 426
0.9
2.0
1.3
2.5
5.2
1.6
3.8
2.2
0.6
2.9
1.2
4.2
4.8
1.4
0.8
0.1
8.1
3.3
1.2
4.1
2.4
6.0
0.1
1.6
0.9
0.4
1.2
2.5
2.9
2.1
3.2
4.3
2.4
0.1
2.4
3.3
7.4
0.0
1.6
6.7
3.1
3.2
4.2
0.5
3.4
4.3
4.1
13.0
1.4
3.7
1.0
4.8
1.7
0.9
0.1
0.2
1.9
1.1
4.2
5.6
0.7
3.7
0.0
4.9
5.8
2 985
1 951
1 579
1 620
1 456
1 194
1 334
1 287
913
888
899
750
688
645
502
685 094
23 565
6 750
683
5 593
3
10 536
38 013
28 041
9 972
619 206
696
214 514
197 777
205 292
927
4 228
1 183
0
2 906
138
82
65
16
0
0
2 412
2 306
1 706
1 516
1 499
1 250
1 241
1 149
1 061
1 027
926
860
723
672
604
701 128
25 878
8 332
700
4 404
3
12 439
36 976
25 949
11 027
633 746
823
214 257
204 305
213 340
1 020
4 319
1 332
0
2 868
118
209
197
12
0
0
0.4
8.0
4.0
1.4
4.4
5.6
13.0
9.5
1.1
12.0
3.2
2.1
2.8
6.3
3.2
0.5
6.1
17.8
1.1
9.4
1.5
10.0
11.6
2000-10
7.1
9.5
0.3
0.7
1.3
3.6
TABLE 23: Top wheat producers and their productivity

Wheat
area
total
thousand
ha
2010
China
India
Russian Federation
France
Germany
Pakistan
Canada
Australia
Turkey
Ukraine
Argentina
United Kingdom
Kazakhstan
Poland
Egypt
Italy
Uzbekistan
Brazil
Romania
Spain
Denmark
Morocco
Afghanistan
Czech Republic
Bulgaria
Hungary
Mexico
Algeria
Ethiopia
Turkmenistan
Iraq
Sweden
Belgium
Belarus
Lithuania
Greece
Serbia
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
24 256
28 457
19 271
21 640
5 931
3 298
9 132
8 269
13 507
8 103
6 284
4 373
1 939
7 035
13 138
2 406
1 288
1 830
1 466
2 182
2 153
1 907
764
2 852
2 354
834
1 138
1 011
679
1 900
1 599
1 684
850
1 383
397
210
603
518
510
484
217 312
9 529
2 052
15
6 834
574
54
36 359
8 819
27 540
101 520
16 172
24 799
103
48 088
12 359
56 343
36 743
4 397
5 202
10 000
13 562
13 562
0
0
0
yield
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
0.9
0.3
1.1
0.1
1.2
1.1
0.8
2.7
1.1
1.5
2.0
3.8
0.7
3.3
2.7
0.9
2.2
2.4
0.8
7.4
1.1
2.1
2.0
0.2
1.5
1.5
1.5
0.1
0.4
8.7
0.5
4.7
2.0
1.4
0.1
0.2
2.9
3.4
5.1
total
thousand
hg/ha
2010
47
28
31
19
69
73
26
28
16
24
27
36
77
19
7
39
56
37
46
28
27
29
66
17
19
50
36
37
54
16
19
18
35
20
54
88
29
33
33
34
30
23
20
15
24
25
16
31
35
30
29
13
47
18
26
23
36
24
61
33
70
17
17
10
production
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
1.4
0.2
1.0
1.7
0.3
0.0
0.2
1.4
1.0
0.8
3.1
3.8
0.4
1.9
2.1
2.0
1.3
1.5
5.8
6.1
1.6
0.5
1.2
13.6
10.3
1.7
2.4
0.3
0.9
5.9
0.4
4.6
3.9
20.0
0.9
1.1
3.0
0.1
1.9
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
115 115
80 679
60 366
61 740
38 332
25 192
24 033
26 848
21 656
20 600
20 886
9 016
14 076
13 484
17 052
9 790
8 523
6 535
6 638
5 056
5 203
4 724
5 940
6 371
5 064
4 358
3 977
4 419
4 116
2 953
3 702
2 538
2 900
1 700
2 278
1 910
1 979
2 100
1 830
2 068
686 795
25 547
3 220
24
20 248
1 978
77
109 932
22 718
87 213
300 771
28 735
116 365
183
125 458
30 029
228 485
114 626
27 628
17 230
69 001
22 059
22 059
0
0
0
115 181
80 804
60 062
41 508
40 787
24 107
23 311
23 167
22 138
19 674
16 851
15 876
14 878
13 500
9 638
9 488
7 177
6 850
6 730
6 171
5 812
5 611
5 060
4 876
4 532
4 162
4 095
3 745
3 677
3 100
3 083
3 076
3 000
2 749
2 143
1 850
1 739
1 710
1 663
1 630
653 355
22 086
4 029
23
16 485
1 463
86
113 688
30 458
83 229
291 140
21 215
116 297
185
124 609
28 833
203 859
89 371
26 879
17 371
70 238
22 583
22 583
0
0
0
1990-99
2000-10
2.3
2.8
1.2
1.5
3.1
2.2
0.8
5.7
1.1
4.4
0.6
3.7
0.7
7.1
0.4
7.8
5.1
0.7
3.3
5.8
3.3
6.9
8.7
3.6
2.5
10.2
5.0
0.5
3.3
1.5
0.6
0.1
1.9
0.9
1.1
1.0
1.3
0.0
0.7
5.2
0.2
1.2
5.3
0.6
1.1
0.9
0.9
6.7
14.0
2.7
2.6
0.8
13.4
11.9
0.2
3.9
0.1
0.5
15.1
0.1
9.6
5.9
21.8
1.0
0.9
6.1
3.3
3.3
161
TABLE 24: Top oilcrop producers and their productivity

Oilcrops
area
total
thousand
ha
2010
Indonesia
Malaysia
China
Brazil
India
Argentina
Canada
Ukraine
Nigeria
Germany
Russian Federation
France
Philippines
Spain
Thailand
Paraguay
Myanmar
Turkey
Australia
Pakistan
Italy
Romania
United Kingdom
Poland
Colombia
Bulgaria
Papua New Guinea
Hungary
Cameroon
Greece
Sudan (former)
Czech Republic
Cte dIvoire
Senegal
Mexico
Morocco
Viet Nam
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
162
10 155
4 256
37 450
27 995
24 931
38 998
20 463
8 922
6 603
7 843
1 506
7 540
2 328
3 666
3 104
1 079
3 046
4 038
2 085
2 052
3 305
1 474
1 392
686
986
253
967
340
830
771
1 149
1 291
1 926
2 771
490
564
1 262
685
824
634
269 680
31 786
6 932
3 141
6 169
841
14 702
98 970
52 598
46 372
104 088
3 877
28 600
24 076
44 143
3 391
32 079
19 791
1 619
6 627
4 042
2 757
2 055
567
62
73
yield
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
4.9
2.3
0.1
0.4
5.1
1.2
4.8
2.8
7.8
1.1
2.1
4.0
1.1
1.3
0.6
0.3
7.2
5.0
0.9
0.6
0.8
1.2
2.7
3.7
8.1
1.2
5.7
0.2
6.1
2.6
0.6
4.3
5.0
2.9
1.7
0.6
1.1
1.5
3.2
1.1
2.4
2.1
3.9
1.9
0.0
2.3
2.2
3.1
5.4
0.6
1.3
4.8
0.4
3.6
1.0
0.6
3.9
5.5
9.0
0.7
1.6
0.2
0.6
1.1
0.6
1.2
total
thousand
hg/ha
2010
25
45
5
6
5
3
5
7
6
4
19
4
11
6
6
16
5
3
6
5
3
6
7
13
9
34
9
21
7
6
4
4
2
2
9
8
3
6
4
6
6
3
2
4
2
4
4
5
6
5
8
2
6
21
3
5
7
5
10
6
14
7
5
16
6
6
production
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
4.1
2.0
1.5
1.1
2.2
3.1
0.6
2.2
1.5
2.3
4.9
0.5
0.7
0.6
2.7
4.7
2.1
5.6
1.0
0.9
2.1
0.3
7.5
2.9
0.7
2.3
10.0
3.2
2.0
3.9
2.7
1.7
5.4
2.9
0.3
2.0
1.1
0.3
9.5
2.4
2.1
1.0
2.6
0.3
2.7
0.2
0.7
2.5
3.1
1.9
2.2
2.0
0.6
2.7
3.0
1.2
2.7
3.4
1.8
2.7
3.1
1.8
1.7
1.4
6.5
0.6
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
24 618
19 738
18 500
16 644
11 504
10 054
6 912
5 973
3 569
3 227
3 502
3 115
2 886
2 151
1 635
1 824
852
1 234
989
866
1 085
964
687
745
959
915
639
684
755
473
598
516
398
562
487
446
328
344
224
351
162 516
9 903
1 453
1 232
1 366
478
5 374
47 402
22 929
24 473
80 879
722
16 801
49 992
11 934
1 430
22 519
10 836
1 462
3 660
6 562
1 813
868
863
40
43
25 024
19 090
18 855
16 491
13 582
11 879
10 720
5 881
3 680
3 350
2 834
2 745
2 562
2 132
1 861
1 706
1 539
1 275
1 177
972
957
923
907
873
861
860
843
712
621
496
489
487
467
449
440
437
408
380
367
364
170 274
10 146
1 512
1 248
1 359
356
5 671
54 304
29 568
24 736
82 332
795
16 642
49 671
13 584
1 640
21 544
10 633
1 586
3 751
5 574
1 948
974
891
40
43
1990-99
2000-10
7.8
5.5
3.5
5.0
2.5
1.0
9.1
9.8
5.4
8.9
4.2
3.7
0.2
4.2
4.8
3.6
0.9
19.3
3.6
0.6
5.7
7.5
3.3
6.1
2.6
6.5
2.8
1.0
3.6
15.2
4.3
9.9
2.9
1.9
2.2
3.7
2.8
4.9
4.7
3.3
1.3
6.6
8.0
4.6
5.2
5.7
4.9
4.8
4.9
6.2
1.2
1.5
3.3
2.3
4.2
1.1
6.1
14.3
19.3
5.5
2.7
0.3
9.2
4.4
1.6
0.9
7.4
4.3
5.4
5.1
9.5
3.4
7.1
4.5
1.9
1.9
2.1
5.0
9.4
10.9
1.9
0.3
1.3
1.0
10.4
6.7
8.9
3.5
16.2
3.4
8.2
6.6
3.3
6.1
10.7
0.1
2.0
1.4
2.2
1.9
12.9
3.4
5.0
4.3
8.1
3.5
4.3
1.1
3.6
4.8
6.8
2.4
5.1
4.9
0.8
6.9
4.0
1.2
6.2
8.3
9.9
0.7
4.6
1.9
0.3
3.4
6.6
1.2
TABLE 25: Top pulse producers and their productivity

Pulses
area
total
India
Canada
Myanmar
China
Nigeria
Brazil
Australia
Ethiopia
Niger
Mexico
Russian Federation
Turkey
France
Pakistan
United Kingdom
Burkina Faso
Uganda
Kenya
Ukraine
Cameroon
Malawi
Argentina
Spain
Rwanda
Poland
Egypt
Korea
Viet Nam
Indonesia
Sudan (former)
Morocco
Germany
Peru
Belarus
Angola
Guatemala
Nepal
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
thousand
ha
2010
26 574
2 928
3 898
2 786
3 008
3 454
1 406
1 753
1 484
5 707
1 755
1 995
999
897
429
1 567
790
210
1 396
1 144
1 120
391
569
688
322
382
367
170
110
377
366
260
297
398
104
226
128
692
260
297
78 311
22 398
7 761
1 881
1 001
136
11 618
11 678
7 343
4 335
39 090
153
3 219
4 916
29 545
1 256
3 362
1 843
316
635
567
1 784
1 769
15
0
0
yield
p.a.
growth
%
total
2000-10
thousand
hg/ha
2010
3.2
2.2
5.2
1.9
2.1
2.3
5.1
2.4
2.8
8.3
0.4
5.6
2.2
5.3
0.9
0.0
2.5
0.1
15.8
2.7
0.3
0.5
6.9
4.1
0.9
1.8
0.1
1.9
2.7
0.5
6
18
12
14
11
9
18
11
13
3
8
7
14
15
25
5
9
35
5
6
5
15
9
6
13
10
10
21
29
8
0.6
2.7
6.4
0.9
4.2
1.6
4.3
13.5
5.8
0.1
2.6
4.7
2.9
7.4
2.3
0.6
5.8
0.9
0.4
3.1
2.4
12.3
1.6
4.0
2.7
4.2
0.1
1.0
0.3
1.1
1.7
2.3
2.4
7.7
8
11
10
7
26
12
20
4
9
8
9
7
8
6
11
8
6
12
9
18
8
16
13
11
7
14
18
15
30
13
26
11
11
7
production
p.a.
growth
%
total
p.a. growth
2000-10
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
0.8
0.3
5.0
2.7
6.6
2.8
0.1
1.3
3.7
10.9
0.8
0.5
0.5
5.8
5.4
0.9
5.3
0.9
0.7
1.5
2.5
1.5
0.7
1.6
1.2
1.9
4.6
1.1
0.3
1.0
14 072
5 189
4 816
4 331
2 422
3 514
2 293
1 804
1 971
847
1 325
1 293
1 579
1 237
1 021
1 056
508
839
515
648
593
624
498
442
382
293
360
272
392
335
17 236
5 347
4 492
3 891
3 422
3 172
2 595
1 954
1 888
1 832
1 429
1 411
1 401
1 345
1 089
860
729
727
709
654
593
592
532
436
413
391
365
356
315
304
1990-99
2000-10
1.0
23.5
16.0
0.2
5.5
1.9
3.2
8.1
2.3
1.9
10.5
1.9
4.3
0.4
5.2
1.0
6.6
20.1
1.2
5.2
1.8
0.2
6.2
0.8
2.7
0.8
15.0
1.1
2.2
1.0
7.6
5.7
2.1
0.1
4.7
3.0
3.0
0.5
1.6
2.8
4.7
9.9
1.2
1.2
3.4
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.3
1.0
1.7
1.0
1.9
1.6
1.9
0.1
0.0
0.1
1.8
7.3
1.6
2.6
0.1
4.0
0.3
2.2
0.4
1.7
0.6
1.1
0.8
1.6
288
316
250
276
246
265
357
247
231
230
63 772
12 891
6 003
1 119
1 106
128
4 535
14 347
6 865
7 482
28 502
177
4 753
5 763
16 141
1 668
6 193
3 037
1 050
751
1 354
1 838
1 830
8
0
0
303
293
290
282
272
265
262
250
240
236
68 829
15 073
6 034
1 149
1 061
110
6 718
14 571
6 629
7 942
31 078
243
4 289
5 463
19 359
1 725
6 100
2 837
948
857
1 458
2 008
1 999
10
0
0
2.8
8.6
7.6
7.9
5.4
2.4
3.5
4.7
4.5
2.1
0.7
0.2
5.7
0.3
4.4
1.4
3.0
14.8
1.0
8.6
0.2
4.1
6.4
3.7
1.2
6.5
0.5
2.4
2.2
0.1
1.4
10.9
5.3
2.9
1.0
12.8
6.6
0.5
3.1
7.0
4.6
6.8
3.7
2.7
9.8
2.2
1.2
3.0
2.7
14.6
1.8
8.9
2.1
0.4
0.9
0.9
0.8
1.1
5.8
1.1
1.1
3.2
163
TABLE 26: Top root and tuber producers and their productivity
Roots and tubers
area
total
China
Nigeria
India
Brazil
Indonesia
Thailand
Russian Federation
Ghana
Ukraine
Angola
Viet Nam
Germany
Uganda
Poland
Bangladesh
Ethiopia
Belarus
Cte dIvoire
Malawi
France
Netherlands
Mozambique
Benin
Cameroon
United Kingdom
Peru
Rwanda
Colombia
Turkey
Canada
Madagascar
Cambodia
Egypt
Kenya
Pakistan
Japan
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
164
yield
p.a.
growth
%
total
thousand
ha
2010
2000-10
thousand
hg/ha
2010
9 136
8 073
2 186
1 992
1 512
1 201
2 109
1 539
455
1 412
2 065
1 142
685
255
1 137
491
1 625
466
1 076
367
1 265
425
168
157
1 089
506
581
138
464
489
388
141
140
567
217
146
158
269
165
148
53 578
24 461
7 225
4 517
474
150
12 095
4 975
4 379
595
17 687
408
9 506
4 143
3 241
390
6 116
4 725
331
364
695
339
52
272
3
12
1.7
0.6
2.7
0.2
0.7
0.4
4.2
2.2
2.5
1.4
0.3
6.5
2.8
1.7
1.1
8.9
2.3
5.1
6.0
5.7
4.2
1.7
0.3
1.4
0.9
2.7
4.0
1.8
0.4
1.4
2.0
3.7
1.3
0.8
24.2
1.4
6.2
1.5
1.9
1.4
0.5
1.8
2.1
2.4
3.9
1.2
1.4
0.6
1.0
2.2
0.1
2.8
1.7
1.8
2.8
0.7
3.5
3.9
3.1
4.1
0.7
2.3
0.7
2.9
1.4
2.6
178
103
209
144
182
187
100
136
426
132
79
137
150
400
78
179
52
177
75
214
62
181
431
436
62
125
108
439
121
107
128
322
316
77
201
292
262
145
216
241
140
96
79
94
220
184
102
160
127
400
181
160
178
168
201
233
177
130
326
198
415
126
370
82
87
71
production
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
0.4
1.8
0.9
0.5
4.3
1.1
0.5
2.5
0.4
0.9
0.1
5.9
7.2
1.2
0.1
0.8
0.9
4.3
0.5
4.9
2.5
3.0
0.9
0.5
0.4
1.5
1.9
0.9
1.4
4.6
1.5
2.1
1.0
1.6
9.5
3.0
1.0
7.4
2.5
0.9
1.2
1.6
1.1
1.8
2.5
0.9
1.1
0.7
0.9
0.6
2.4
4.1
0.7
4.4
2.2
1.2
0.7
2.4
0.3
2.0
0.1
0.5
1.4
0.8
1.4
0.2
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
156 271
72 609
45 134
28 556
25 751
30 541
31 134
19 635
20 507
19 666
16 298
14 633
10 130
11 618
8 634
9 703
8 206
5 573
5 823
7 125
7 702
7 251
7 021
7 181
6 688
6 434
5 728
6 396
5 490
4 265
4 870
4 399
4 581
4 398
3 610
4 108
4 135
4 073
3 383
3 897
739 210
216 947
52 888
40 635
9 312
2 492
111 619
79 592
54 503
25 090
315 192
6 611
163 211
74 561
61 541
9 268
123 574
73 654
11 659
7 882
30 379
3 905
1 778
2 019
25
82
162 457
83 256
45 732
28 772
27 510
22 455
21 141
20 940
19 421
18 705
16 308
15 687
10 309
10 202
8 815
8 766
8 456
8 237
8 047
7 831
7 829
7 675
7 216
6 844
6 739
6 299
6 295
6 056
5 621
5 213
4 981
4 549
4 422
4 395
4 361
4 274
4 138
3 897
3 570
3 555
747 740
235 927
56 865
42 332
10 433
2 755
123 542
79 527
55 683
23 844
319 694
6 529
169 230
69 682
65 187
9 066
108 322
61 488
10 789
7 216
28 829
4 269
1 928
2 225
28
89
1990-99
2000-10
2.9
8.9
3.5
0.8
0.4
3.7
1.5
2.5
3.6
0.8
3.6
1.5
4.6
4.7
2.1
0.6
0.3
12.8
10.2
2.9
1.2
9.7
3.2
9.5
5.5
1.1
1.6
4.7
1.2
1.8
1.4
4.2
5.9
0.9
1.8
6.0
3.5
1.6
0.3
2.4
36.0
1.6
7.2
9.0
4.5
2.3
1.5
3.8
3.8
5.8
7.2
2.0
2.9
0.4
1.3
1.7
1.6
5.8
1.5
6.1
4.4
0.7
2.6
3.5
1.9
2.6
1.0
2.2
1.0
3.3
0.9
1.2
8.4
2.5
0.8
6.3
2.2
3.5
3.4
5.3
1.5
6.8
3.7
18.7
2.1
2.0
4.7
6.6
5.5
1.3
5.7
0.3
0.9
4.0
4.0
1.0
10.9
5.4
1.4
3.2
9.1
2.2
2.1
5.7
3.4
1.2
2.1
2.8
8.2
1.5
0.8
2.8
2.4
2.8
1.7
4.1
5.7
2.7
4.3
0.7
3.0
0.1
2.2
3.5
1.0
2.8
3.6
TABLE 27: Top vegetable producers and their productivity

area
total
China
India
Turkey
Egypt
Italy
Russian Federation
Spain
Mexico
Nigeria
Brazil
Japan
Indonesia
Republic of Korea
Viet Nam
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Philippines
France
Morocco
Myanmar
Algeria
Pakistan
Poland
Netherlands
Romania
Korea
Thailand
Kazakhstan
Bangladesh
Iraq
Greece
Argentina
Germany
Sudan (former)
Nepal
Tunisia
Peru
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
p.a.
growth
%
Vegetables (including melons)

yield
production
total
p.a.
total
p.a. growth
growth
thousand
%
thousand
thousand
%
%
hg/ha
tonnes
tonnes
2010
2000-10
2009
2010
1990-99
2000-10
thousand
ha
2010
2000-10
23 458
7 256
1 120
1 090
767
775
537
759
348
681
1 844
500
407
1 082
268
818
551
220
718
245
190
378
303
401
165
88
262
345
2.6
2.9
2.2
0.9
3.3
2.2
1.2
1.4
1.1
0.4
0.6
1.7
1.1
1.8
4.8
3.7
0.9
2.8
2.0
1.4
1.8
3.0
2.8
1.2
4.0
2.7
0.8
1.1
230
138
318
238
261
251
265
175
364
184
64
225
264
90
364
110
162
342
88
227
288
137
171
126
306
545
147
112
0.8
0.5
1.2
0.4
2.2
0.5
0.3
2.0
1.5
1.6
2.5
2.7
0.6
1.5
2.7
0.4
5.3
6.3
0.4
0.0
3.8
1.5
4.3
0.7
2.4
0.1
2.1
1.0
522 686
90 635
37 289
26 702
18 421
21 350
15 082
14 827
13 457
11 727
10 399
11 027
11 383
9 620
11 269
9 064
9 011
6 776
5 814
5 273
5 256
4 841
4 748
5 269
5 805
4 746
3 902
3 999
539 993
100 405
35 609
25 901
19 995
19 487
14 201
13 283
12 679
12 515
11 830
11 233
10 746
9 780
9 757
8 976
8 911
7 529
6 299
5 572
5 487
5 195
5 175
5 064
5 056
4 788
3 864
3 847
516
182
488
273
107
185
108
230
247
147
146
214
55 598
7 076
1 600
785
1 709
163
2 820
3 915
2 703
1 212
40 241
569
24 487
3 824
9 340
2 021
4 197
2 004
194
1 468
531
169
107
52
1
9
1.8
2.5
5.0
2.4
3.0
0.2
0.7
2.1
4.9
4.3
1.6
1.3
2.0
2.4
5.5
5.0
2.1
1.6
0.2
0.3
1.4
2.2
2.5
2.8
2.5
2.0
3.0
0.9
1.3
1.8
1.9
1.2
0.2
0.8
2.2
1.7
0.4
0.7
74
203
75
129
315
181
312
143
124
204
203
133
188
101
63
44
219
170
62
207
160
313
197
260
231
97
143
218
225
180
221
254
314
211
273
113
155
47
1.3
3.9
2.3
2.6
0.6
1.2
2.1
2.4
2.4
1.0
2.0
2.6
1.6
2.1
0.3
0.0
2.4
3.0
1.6
1.0
1.2
0.9
2.2
4.8
1.2
1.6
0.9
1.4
2.2
3.4
1.8
1.8
2.0
0.7
2.2
1.2
2.0
0.7
3 817
3 310
3 421
3 476
3 638
3 273
3 662
3 115
2 819
3 089
2 825
2 679
1 019 114
68 799
8 918
3 428
38 207
2 485
15 761
82 068
42 399
39 669
765 675
13 459
549 450
35 828
122 288
44 649
99 049
38 880
4 504
38 998
16 667
3 523
2 883
583
16
42
3 812
3 696
3 661
3 532
3 370
3 351
3 351
3 296
3 077
2 983
2 961
2 847
1 044 380
71 157
10 073
3 427
37 354
2 763
17 539
81 153
43 226
37 926
794 278
14 800
564 461
36 962
133 927
44 129
94 227
35 993
4 276
37 280
16 678
3 565
2 920
587
16
42
8.5
4.0
2.5
3.9
7.3
4.9
0.8
1.3
5.3
5.7
3.1
1.5
6.0
1.6
6.7
1.5
1.5
2.6
5.0
4.1
3.9
0.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
2.7
3.5
1.2
0.8
2.2
1.2
6.2
3.9
0.3
5.3
6.5
5.3
4.6
3.6
6.0
4.5
1.0
5.5
3.4
4.5
2.4
6.6
7.7
4.7
4.4
4.1
0.6
0.4
0.7
1.2
0.4
3.4
3.5
2.9
3.7
5.7
4.3
3.3
1.0
0.5
5.5
2.7
1.5
0.6
0.4
2.0
3.2
4.5
1.7
3.4
2.2
3.3
4.3
9.3
2.4
1.4
5.6
4.5
7.2
0.4
1.7
2.7
1.3
0.1
0.5
6.5
7.3
0.2
2.4
1.3
1.5
4.5
7.4
5.3
3.7
3.9
3.3
3.8
5.3
4.2
4.0
2.5
2.7
0.9
2.4
0.9
3.9
8.3
4.0
3.1
3.8
1.4
0.4
1.3
1.0
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.0
1.3
0.3
0.7
165
TABLE 28: Top sugar producers and their productivity

Sugar
area
total
thousand
ha
2010
France
Germany
Russian Federation
Turkey
Ukraine
Poland
China
Egypt
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Belgium
Belarus
Italy
Spain
Serbia
Austria
Japan
Czech Republic
Morocco
Denmark
Sweden
Chile
Switzerland
Croatia
Slovakia
Romania
Republic of Moldova
Hungary
Greece
Lithuania
Finland
Canada
Azerbaijan
Turkmenistan
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Pakistan
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
166
384
468
367
924
329
492
206
219
135
118
71
59
99
96
63
44
66
45
63
56
43
39
38
28
16
18
24
18
22
26
14
13
15
15
11
8
21
9
8
1
4 700
178
0
0
178
0
0
498
19
479
789
38
282
0
102
367
3 235
1 854
225
213
943
0
0
0
0
0
yield
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
0.7
1.7
2.1
2.2
2.2
4.1
4.7
4.0
9.0
3.8
4.4
4.2
4.8
6.3
13.5
9.9
0.4
1.0
0.8
2.2
4.0
3.7
0.0
10.4
0.1
1.3
5.5
7.7
8.3
13.3
12.1
5.8
7.6
3.8
14.3
0.5
6.7
9.8
14.3
total
thousand
hg/ha
2010
831
621
650
241
546
279
483
424
583
553
748
753
412
395
566
767
500
698
494
543
564
601
521
543
873
730
524
545
387
320
591
577
462
371
450
298
111
173
166
410
487
577
578
142
623
773
617
467
137
440
408
537
466
304
538
579
741
production
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
0.9
0.6
0.5
2.5
1.7
4.7
2.1
5.6
1.4
0.5
2.0
1.1
4.5
3.4
2.0
1.9
1.7
0.7
1.7
0.6
0.6
1.1
2.4
3.3
0.8
8.6
6.0
10.9
7.8
5.6
0.9
3.8
1.3
0.9
3.5
0.6
1.1
1.4
4.6
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
35 126
27 019
25 919
24 892
17 275
10 068
10 849
7 179
5 334
8 457
5 735
5 186
2 016
3 973
3 308
4 154
2 798
3 083
3 649
3 038
2 753
1 898
2 406
733
1 042
1 720
1 217
899
817
337
737
1 600
682
559
658
189
234
181
54
93
228 023
8 091
0
0
8 087
0
4
28 773
1 097
27 676
31 648
469
10 828
0
2 125
18 225
159 512
55 610
14 002
13 131
76 769
0
0
0
0
0
31 875
29 061
23 858
22 256
17 942
13 749
9 973
9 296
7 840
6 527
5 280
4 465
4 096
3 773
3 550
3 399
3 325
3 132
3 090
3 065
2 436
2 356
1 974
1 493
1 420
1 302
1 249
978
838
838
819
762
707
542
508
252
234
152
139
53
228 748
10 280
0
0
10 276
0
4
31 032
1 464
29 569
36 788
525
12 386
0
4 164
19 713
150 647
56 288
12 106
12 341
69 912
0
0
0
0
0
1990-99
2000-10
1.5
2.9
0.2
4.6
1.3
0.7
14.1
2.7
0.4
4.6
1.5
1.2
2.0
0.3
1.2
0.7
0.4
12.4
0.8
2.9
14.5
5.7
3.6
1.7
1.1
9.4
0.2
1.1
1.5
4.7
0.5
0.4
2.7
1.4
10.5
3.2
2.5
3.2
0.6
9.9
11.7
8.1
2.0
1.7
0.9
1.7
3.4
2.7
2.4
7.5
0.8
10.0
0.2
2.3
1.2
8.4
12.9
2.2
6.4
4.7
18.4
0.2
5.7
11.1
10.4
TABLE 29: Top treenut producers and their productivity

Treenuts
area
total
thousand
ha
2010
China
Viet Nam
Turkey
Nigeria
India
Cte dIvoire
Italy
Indonesia
Spain
Brazil
Philippines
Mexico
Morocco
Guinea-Bissau
Republic of Korea
Ukraine
Greece
Afghanistan
Benin
Australia
Mozambique
Thailand
Chile
Tunisia
Ethiopia
France
Azerbaijan
Egypt
Algeria
Pakistan
Kenya
Portugal
Georgia
Romania
Uzbekistan
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
717
515
343
408
622
333
954
870
174
792
580
765
90
30
140
110
218
44
85
44
14
39
16
247
40
76
40
23
205
59
31
29
8
34
17
34
68
21
1
13
9 323
2 477
274
3
410
5
1 785
1 514
1 000
515
4 248
31
799
1 215
1 419
785
1 033
94
0
898
41
51
40
10
0
0
yield
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
8.5
3.4
8.7
0.7
2.4
2.5
2.9
17.3
0.7
0.3
2.0
1.6
5.6
0.1
4.2
2.6
0.4
5.7
1.2
0.2
1.6
5.8
2.6
2.8
6.3
0.9
1.0
5.2
0.9
0.2
2.3
2.8
1.4
2.2
0.4
1.0
2.3
3.0
3.5
2.9
total
thousand
hg/ha
2010
44
44
36
27
16
21
7
5
16
3
4
2
16
47
10
10
5
23
11
20
61
22
45
3
16
8
15
24
3
9
17
14
53
12
23
11
5
18
230
26
15
8
9
7
7
28
7
18
5
44
19
18
41
14
13
17
10
21
10
8
18
14
16
6
10
production
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
3.4
4.9
7.0
13.1
0.7
1.4
1.2
1.5
0.6
5.7
1.3
2.9
3.4
2.0
2.5
7.5
3.6
1.8
2.3
1.9
7.2
4.4
10.6
2.8
2.5
0.5
0.0
5.3
0.4
2.6
2.8
1.7
3.0
1.7
3.8
5.5
5.1
1.5
4.5
1.8
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
2 738
1 899
1 170
1 090
878
656
731
370
285
262
311
266
172
118
217
128
100
99
101
96
84
88
57
118
59
64
59
46
63
56
40
43
45
47
45
38
41
31
38
35
13 308
1 901
269
2
311
17
1 301
2 584
685
1 899
7 699
56
2 881
1 626
1 937
1 198
1 059
197
0
787
75
66
59
6
0
0
3 142
2 266
1 247
1 101
1 024
689
651
401
273
260
260
153
143
141
141
113
108
102
94
91
88
86
73
71
64
61
59
55
54
53
51
42
42
39
38
37
36
36
34
34
13 940
1 881
256
2
278
14
1 331
2 758
492
2 266
8 246
55
3 283
1 725
1 877
1 305
984
196
0
716
72
70
64
6
0
0
1990-99
2000-10
10.6
4.8
5.1
7.7
0.4
32.6
5.3
19.2
0.1
8.8
1.6
0.8
5.8
32.9
14.4
4.6
9.3
3.5
16.9
2.4
12.2
8.5
16.3
12.3
3.0
3.9
1.7
19.0
0.1
6.1
0.7
1.4
2.0
2.1
1.5
4.7
4.0
3.8
3.5
1.6
5.5
1.6
13.4
5.6
3.7
0.5
1.1
10.8
1.3
2.7
0.6
4.6
4.4
4.0
4.1
4.5
7.2
1.4
0.9
4.8
0.2
2.1
32.9
8.8
1.6
5.6
7.1
5.3
1.3
2.8
7.5
3.4
4.0
0.7
3.1
167
TABLE 30: Top fruit producers and their productivity

area
total
China
India
Brazil
Italy
Philippines
Spain
Mexico
Indonesia
Turkey
Thailand
Uganda
Nigeria
Egypt
Ecuador
France
Colombia
Argentina
Viet Nam
Pakistan
Chile
South Africa
Cameroon
Peru
Costa Rica
Ghana
Bangladesh
Guatemala
Greece
Morocco
Australia
Kenya
Algeria
Rwanda
Japan
Dominican Republic
Sudan (former)
Poland
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
168
p.a.
growth
%
thousand
ha
2010
2000-10
11 316
6 403
2 383
1 145
1 277
1 228
1 601
1 227
607
1 088
1 043
1 172
1 851
1 687
477
434
922
665
492
526
781
358
278
380
354
175
795
438
455
162
255
315
288
198
483
371
197
123
226
386
55 856
10 853
4 207
1 203
1 796
308
3 340
8 672
7 450
1 222
28 168
540
11 898
4 176
9 052
2 501
7 573
2 139
93
4 103
1 238
591
356
214
3
19
2.2
5.3
0.0
1.3
0.7
2.7
1.3
1.3
1.9
0.8
0.8
1.5
0.6
0.9
1.4
0.6
1.1
0.8
1.3
1.6
2.4
1.9
0.9
2.0
2.3
2.9
2.1
3.1
9.8
8.1
1.5
1.0
2.0
2.9
5.0
0.1
1.6
1.3
4.9
0.1
1.6
1.4
1.2
2.8
2.8
0.4
0.7
0.5
0.8
1.2
2.7
1.1
2.1
2.2
4.5
0.6
1.3
2.9
2.0
0.6
1.1
2.1
2.2
2.0
0.4
0.9
Fruit (excluding melons)

yield
production
total
p.a.
total
p.a. growth
growth
thousand
%
thousand
thousand
%
%
hg/ha
tonnes
tonnes
2010
2000-10
2009
2010
1990-99
2000-10
108
117
163
229
132
132
97
125
240
128
111
88
55
58
201
213
95
120
155
122
82
163
196
128
136
264
57
100
88
245
131
104
114
165
67
83
146
230
124
72
109
78
65
93
114
184
59
161
151
220
110
72
109
123
110
102
90
60
74
99
111
114
124
102
54
49
2.7
0.4
0.5
1.0
0.1
1.4
0.9
0.1
3.6
1.7
0.2
1.6
0.5
1.5
1.8
2.5
1.4
0.7
0.6
2.3
0.3
2.2
1.6
7.1
1.9
0.9
7.0
3.0
1.4
0.8
0.6
1.0
1.3
1.1
3.4
3.1
1.2
5.8
3.1
2.3
0.4
1.2
0.8
3.1
1.8
0.2
2.0
0.2
0.8
0.2
0.8
2.3
0.4
0.9
0.2
1.0
0.3
1.6
1.8
0.4
1.3
0.4
2.1
0.3
0.6
1.1
115 858
68 975
37 155
27 448
18 364
15 980
14 497
15 890
17 577
14 223
12 326
10 149
10 157
10 022
10 299
8 945
9 075
7 938
7 323
6 162
6 091
5 555
5 612
4 314
4 199
4 008
4 159
4 396
3 671
3 841
3 465
3 067
3 413
3 168
2 992
3 339
3 392
2 313
2 597
3 685
600 736
83 589
26 974
10 448
20 504
5 777
19 885
136 837
108 591
28 246
301 062
3 632
123 885
53 769
93 928
25 848
72 365
15 012
729
41 695
14 929
6 883
4 633
2 148
13
89
122 350
75 121
38 793
26 181
16 908
16 182
15 456
15 368
14 598
13 946
11 562
10 274
10 204
9 780
9 581
9 261
8 715
7 990
7 645
6 428
6 370
5 822
5 466
4 864
4 821
4 606
4 495
4 364
4 004
3 969
3 342
3 292
3 283
3 258
3 239
3 081
2 883
2 819
2 813
2 781
608 926
84 591
27 460
11 204
20 533
5 649
19 745
139 324
112 471
26 853
310 267
3 872
129 535
51 422
100 023
25 415
68 039
12 849
692
40 778
13 719
6 706
4 419
2 181
14
92
12.6
5.8
2.3
0.4
0.1
2.2
1.5
3.1
3.8
1.7
6.3
3.1
1.8
3.3
5.1
7.0
0.1
3.5
1.5
2.4
2.9
5.1
2.9
0.2
4.2
5.9
4.1
7.6
0.1
5.2
0.1
0.8
2.2
5.8
3.6
0.3
2.0
2.8
3.5
1.3
3.9
2.7
2.0
0.6
3.7
2.8
4.1
2.4
2.9
0.5
6.7
11.1
2.8
5.5
2.0
0.1
2.0
5.8
0.7
0.7
2.4
2.3
2.7
2.6
0.4
6.7
5.7
0.5
2.2
0.6
4.1
0.4
1.5
5.7
2.5
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.5
3.2
1.9
2.5
1.5
0.6
4.0
2.1
4.1
0.7
9.3
4.2
1.9
9.3
6.2
11.4
7.2
2.1
2.1
0.6
4.1
8.5
2.9
2.8
7.2
8.1
2.2
3.2
3.9
3.0
8.9
4.5
0.8
2.6
0.8
1.5
2.2
5.0
5.3
6.2
3.6
4.9
1.9
0.9
0.6
1.7
0.4
2.5
1.2
0.5
2.4
2.3
1.9
TABLE 31: Top citrus fruit producers and their productivity

Citrus fruit
area
total
thousand
ha
2010
China
Brazil
India
Mexico
Spain
Turkey
Egypt
Nigeria
Italy
Argentina
Pakistan
South Africa
Indonesia
Morocco
Colombia
Thailand
Greece
Japan
Peru
Algeria
Viet Nam
Republic of Korea
Ghana
Israel
Sudan (former)
Australia
Tunisia
Cuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Uruguay
Costa Rica
Chile
Honduras
Nepal
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
2 118
897
334
1 001
552
295
101
157
741
173
176
134
198
70
57
75
90
97
40
52
56
60
54
64
21
71
17
42
38
27
32
44
44
25
11
17
29
15
20
23
8 749
1 494
92
43
367
82
910
2 466
2 131
334
4 211
1
2 196
289
1 459
266
547
0
0
545
2
32
30
0
0
1
yield
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
5.0
0.8
2.6
8.1
1.2
0.1
1.4
1.3
0.1
0.3
2.3
0.7
0.0
0.0
4.4
0.3
1.1
2.2
3.7
1.3
3.0
0.7
2.8
1.0
2.3
3.9
4.3
11.7
2.2
2.6
2.9
4.1
4.4
7.8
4.3
0.1
0.4
0.3
2.3
3.0
total
thousand
hg/ha
2010
113
231
298
96
124
190
353
224
47
185
149
190
108
305
355
182
140
116
271
189
165
151
145
118
289
85
334
134
137
192
126
79
74
129
304
185
102
197
147
113
141
98
71
114
183
270
51
188
171
298
121
85
116
153
102
235
185
42
185
139
178
186
30
36
production
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
3.9
0.2
1.9
0.0
0.0
0.3
3.4
2.7
0.6
0.6
1.0
1.7
1.3
2.1
7.4
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.7
0.6
1.7
2.7
3.3
6.4
3.3
2.1
2.9
0.0
1.0
0.6
0.5
5.8
2.2
4.7
6.0
4.0
4.0
2.9
4.8
4.9
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
23 088
19 681
10 740
8 623
7 162
5 309
3 514
3 999
3 769
3 826
3 081
2 963
2 132
2 136
2 132
1 111
1 168
1 378
1 089
1 042
1 176
809
845
718
754
607
592
524
513
480
381
420
319
316
321
269
316
297
266
249
123 401
15 134
591
475
6 934
2 211
4 923
46 801
36 061
10 740
50 439
8
25 019
4 750
14 290
6 372
10 509
0
0
10 469
40
518
512
1
0
5
23 977
20 717
9 979
9 638
6 857
5 602
3 572
3 523
3 488
3 191
2 628
2 559
2 150
2 125
2 029
1 360
1 258
1 128
1 071
983
933
915
788
755
616
602
564
554
525
523
402
347
327
326
325
315
296
289
287
259
122 976
14 708
652
492
6 703
2 208
4 653
46 433
36 454
9 979
51 139
9
25 526
4 424
14 907
6 273
10 132
0
0
10 099
33
562
556
1
0
5
1990-99
2000-10
8.5
2.6
0.3
3.7
4.8
1.6
4.6
3.0
4.8
1.5
5.6
4.6
2.1
5.3
6.4
0.9
12.0
3.8
7.8
1.0
3.6
3.3
5.4
13.8
1.8
13.1
3.3
3.2
4.9
1.3
1.2
0.4
2.6
1.1
1.5
6.9
13.8
1.4
3.6
10.1
1.0
4.4
8.1
1.2
0.4
4.9
4.0
0.7
0.3
3.2
1.0
1.3
2.1
12.2
0.5
1.0
2.2
3.0
1.9
4.7
3.4
6.2
5.3
0.9
6.0
1.6
11.7
3.2
2.0
3.4
9.7
2.1
2.8
1.4
3.8
3.6
2.6
7.2
8.0
169
TABLE 32: Top fibre crop producers and their productivity

Fibre crops
area
total
thousand
ha
2010
India
China
Pakistan
Brazil
Uzbekistan
Bangladesh
Turkey
Australia
Turkmenistan
Argentina
Nigeria
Burkina Faso
Greece
Mexico
Egypt
Myanmar
Viet Nam
Tajikistan
Kazakhstan
Cte dIvoire
Mali
Russian Federation
Benin
Philippines
France
Cameroon
Mozambique
Indonesia
Thailand
Belarus
Ethiopia
Zimbabwe
Spain
Ecuador
Zambia
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
170
12 000
4 993
4 330
2 691
1 105
1 332
436
480
208
550
445
400
463
250
149
172
167
364
471
23
162
134
187
253
59
136
142
91
56
145
380
152
43
59
403
160
63
29
120
121
35 124
4 045
1 777
394
257
15
1 602
6 389
2 035
4 354
23 956
2 205
5 033
728
15 263
727
521
124
9
316
71
213
213
0
0
0
yield
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
2.3
1.5
2.0
0.9
1.0
0.8
0.7
3.1
7.7
0.4
2.8
2.9
8.3
4.9
0.5
4.4
3.3
0.1
6.3
3.5
3.8
1.2
4.3
0.9
7.6
8.2
2.0
9.5
1.2
3.1
12.7
2.1
7.4
3.2
3.9
8.1
5.4
2.1
8.1
3.0
total
thousand
hg/ha
2010
6
13
9
7
12
9
22
17
19
6
5
6
4
7
12
10
9
4
3
42
6
7
5
3
13
6
5
8
12
4
2
4
11
8
1
2
6
12
3
2
8
3
2
3
7
9
4
9
9
9
8
8
13
6
7
14
9
10
17
7
14
18
18
production
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
5.6
0.3
2.5
1.1
2.2
2.4
1.9
2.4
1.5
4.0
2.5
7.3
2.4
3.7
0.9
2.8
1.5
4.6
0.1
6.0
4.1
0.9
2.9
3.4
5.3
1.7
3.4
2.0
0.2
0.0
1.8
3.0
0.5
5.5
2.0
3.3
5.0
0.6
2.2
4.0
total
p.a. growth
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
6 236
6 804
2 654
2 112
1 343
1 149
940
638
329
220
139
131
183
215
115
224
105
98
118
86
91
97
53
73
116
92
73
79
75
46
65
65
51
47
38
82
26
40
44
28
25 727
1 284
427
87
169
13
587
4 488
1 806
2 682
19 081
1 574
6 830
381
9 399
897
542
170
18
243
112
332
332
0
0
0
7 588
6 329
3 942
1 870
1 316
1 156
943
817
387
330
233
221
190
180
179
165
148
147
134
99
95
92
85
79
78
76
74
72
68
62
61
61
48
46
41
40
39
35
35
29
28 143
1 397
401
107
169
14
707
5 874
1 904
3 970
20 019
1 698
6 353
437
10 505
1 026
464
129
15
221
99
390
390
0
0
0
1990-99
2000-10
1.1
1.3
3.4
2.7
2.3
1.5
2.4
9.3
1.3
8.1
6.8
5.4
0.5
7.0
2.4
2.7
1.3
2.9
2.5
7.0
11.1
0.2
2.1
0.2
6.4
9.8
2.0
9.0
1.2
14.2
0.3
10.5
29.1
8.0
2.4
0.5
0.2
3.2
1.5
1.2
0.8
6.3
3.6
5.5
4.1
5.7
8.4
0.4
7.1
4.8
4.7
6.4
2.3
0.2
0.3
7.1
2.5
2.7
6.7
1.4
7.7
1.0
3.1
14.7
5.1
6.9
2.1
1.8
11.1
10.1
1.5
5.8
7.2
TABLE 33: Top jute and jute-like producers and their productivity
Jute and jute-like
area
total
India
Bangladesh
China
the Russian Federation
Nepal
Uzbekistan
Brazil
Myanmar
Viet Nam
Cuba
Chile
the Democratic Republic of the
Congo
Thailand
Indonesia
the Sudan (former)
Mozambique
Egypt
Zimbabwe
El Salvador
Mali
Nigeria
Angola
South Africa
Pakistan
Ethiopia
Bhutan
Cambodia
Madagascar
Peru
Guatemala
Cameroon
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
American Samoa
Andorra
Antigua and Barbuda
Azerbaijan
Argentina
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Middle Africa
Northern Africa
Southern Africa
Western Africa
Americas
Northern America
Asia
Central Asia
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Europe
Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Southern Europe
Western Europe
Oceania
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
thousand
ha
2010
858
419
19
12
13
2
11
13
4
2
10
10
3
2
0
6
2
4
3
3
1
1
1
1
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 405
31
13
12
2
1
4
26
26
0
1 336
2
19
23
1 292
0
12
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
yield
p.a.
growth
%
total
2000-10
thousand
hg/ha
2010
1.7
0.7
9.3
5.6
1.0
0.4
8.7
9.8
3.7
1.9
1.4
0.9
22
22
36
35
16
103
13
10
33
54
8
6
20.0
3.2
0.3
4.7
2.7
2.7
0.8
0.0
1.8
0.0
7.1
2.6
0.8
11.1
2.6
2.7
0.6
0.8
2.6
production
p.a.
growth
%
total
p.a. growth
2000-10
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
1.8
1.9
3.9
5.0
4.4
0.3
1.7
1.2
4.9
8.6
0.9
1.2
2 153
927
75
62
18
21
15
13
6
10
8
5
1 906
926
69
41
21
20
14
14
12
9
8
6
15
16
0.4
4.7
4
15
5
6
6
12
6
7
4
2
47
4
3
15
6
2
3
2.7
4.5
3.1
2.0
2.4
3.3
4.2
3.8
4.7
6.8
2.0
6.6
10.8
1.2
4.6
0.4
5.3
5
4
3
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 338
18
4
5
5
1
2
35
35
0
3 223
21
75
28
3 099
0
62
62
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
3
3
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 072
21
5
7
5
1
3
33
33
0
2 977
20
69
34
2 854
0
41
41
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
5
15
7
7
13
103
36
15
22
35
1990-99
2000-10
1.1
1.5
1.3
8.0
1.2
2.4
2.7
3.1
1.5
3.2
4.7
2.3
3.8
0.7
1.4
1.3
2.3
2.7
2.9
13.1
1.4
0.6
9.0
2.0
9.1
9.8
2.4
1.2
9.7
7.0
8.1
0.8
4.0
2.7
1.1
3.3
0.5
7.6
29.8
2.0
6.4
6.5
26.7
0.0
6.7
1.3
6.9
5.1
9.7
14.7
4.8
11.1
5.8
2.5
4.1
8.8
9.2
0.2
1.8
1.2
2.9
3.9
8.4
3.1
8.7
3.1
5.2
2.4
0.8
2.3
10.4
5.5
171
TABLE 34: Meat production

total
thousand
tonnes
2010
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
172
296 107
17 309
3 595
22
2
11
42
710
645
306
110
51
0
165
40
71
1
189
376
427
185
243
1 189
217
324
158
147
55
250
1
36
1
5 977
656
1 950
187
1 039
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
2.6
4.4
3.4
1.1
1.4
0.0
2.7
4.4
5.3
2.2
5.8
6.9
beef and buffalo

p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10
1.8
5.6
3.4
1.0
2.1
0.0
4.5
3.1
6.1
0.8
6.3
2.9
Total meat production

pig
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10
sheep and goat

p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10
thousand
tonnes
2010
2.1
3.2
4.7
0.8
0.8
0.0
0.1
9.5
2.5
5.2
10.8
6.0
0.8
13 459
2 872
522
3
0
5
12
152
88
12
25
0
0
24
0
9
0
82
41
45
9
14
143
21
37
20
41
1
21
0
1
0
1 098
228
128
43
162
0.4
0.2
10.3
0.4
1.9
3.2
1.2
6.1
0.3
3.0
6.7
1.4
6.0
2.9
3.0
0.2
0.6
0.4
1.2
2.4
2.6
5.5
3.7
1.0
99 050
4 769
503
7
1
0
2
52
27
71
22
47
0
25
22
2
1
4
62
56
42
62
118
19
68
6
5
6
9
0
4
1
2 059
278
851
129
618
2.4
476
59
2.2
0.6
30
153
1.4
2.8
208
7
7
16
176
2
901
8
52
12
1
2
32
16
2
2
116
44
109
458
0
1.1
0.5
0.8
1.0
1.4
3.6
3.9
2.3
3.0
1.5
7.8
8.4
5.2
7.1
3.9
3.5
5.8
2.5
5.5
3.1
1 507
6
2
16
1 478
5
582
22
37
35
1
1
52
8
2
11
42
4
12
268
0
6.0
3.8
1.2
4.6
6.1
4.6
5.6
6.2
3.5
4.7
4.3
2.3
10.2
6.8
4.1
5.4
3.6
0.9
0.5
5.3
33
3
11
3.5
11.2
4.3
45
13
28
6.9
2.2
9.0
1.5
1.4
6.7
8.8
1.0
3.5
2.3
3.1
2.6
3.3
3.8
4.2
3.1
2.5
7.9
1.5
0.7
1.3
2.5
5.3
1.5
4.0
2.9
5.3
67 776
6 684
1 808
8
1
6
25
400
462
159
32
2
0
19
2
36
0
59
130
292
74
100
413
99
115
85
95
6
12
0
1
0
2 504
136
856
9
192
4.6
0.5
7.8
14.3
0.4
3.0
2.4
3.5
0.2
2.0
0.5
2.1
2.4
2.5
14.3
1.0
0.8
0.2
2.2
9.6
0.3
4.6
1.1
3.2
109 370
1 239
408
2
0
0
0
2
15
55
32
1
0
97
14
8
0
0
113
14
23
31
153
69
38
16
1
2
24
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
1
2.2
6.0
3.4
2.9
1 866
278
9.1
1.0
1 255
56
15.5
0.7
0
0
3 075
85
28
77
2 860
25
3 473
72
264
255
11
9
246
86
24
31
347
99
344
1 417
0
4.9
3.6
0.1
2.3
5.2
0.1
3.7
3.9
4.0
2.4
3.3
2.4
3.3
5.2
3.0
3.5
6.4
2.1
4.3
3.0
955
46
11
35
848
16
1 004
29
134
34
1
4
26
55
6
1
144
26
164
302
0
2.7
4.7
0.5
5.8
3.1
1.0
3.6
4.8
4.7
0.3
6.6
1.6
0.8
5.6
3.5
1.0
9.8
2.3
3.3
0.8
322
0
4
4
312
2
354
5
31
7
8
1
18
2
14
9
3
0
1
234
0
11.3
6.5
3.6
9.6
11.6
4.2
3.9
2.1
4.6
0.8
2.5
7.5
5.0
0.2
2.5
7.4
3.2
168
38
64
3.7
4.8
5.5
61
9
9
2.8
4.5
3.4
11
2
10
1.4
0.8
4.9
1.7
2.9
10.2
4.1
1.1
2.3
1.7
8.7
13.2
0.4
3.9
1.1
8.5
3.7
6.5
9.0
8.9
2.9
3.1
2.9
0.8
0.8
0.3
3.5
5.8
0.3
16.7
0.3
4.0
poultry
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
4.3
5.2
3.8
2.0
0.5
1.1
3.2
7.4
1.0
3.5
8.3
2.6
1.8
5.6
5.5
1.0
3.5
2.7
2.0
9.4
8.9
9.5
12.4
5.9
1.2
0.8
2.6
0.7
0.0
2.5
4.5
1.3
3.7
2.7
8.1
TABLE 34: Meat production (continued)

total
thousand
tonnes
2010
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
92 879
46 253
0
1
4 698
0
7
17
17
697
2.4
3.7
23 630
0
0
1 327
2 175
249
282
0
1
536
807
146
1
1
1
6
327
28
105
221
117
4
5 828
1
234
235
592
1 386
77
0
0
4
0
1
0
16
72
0
1
653
1 750
46 626
0
4 458
1
0
42 168
123 501
2 323
935
188
73
308
818
4.4
0.0
2.3
1.4
0.0
2.6
4.5
5.7
3.4
4.7
2.9
1.1
0.0
4.6
5.0
1.8
0.1
4.8
1.1
0.3
3.3
6.7
1.3
4.6
1.7
4.0
2.7
0.2
8.1
3.1
3.3
5.2
0.8
4.5
5.3
0.5
8.1
5.6
2.0
0.9
1.8
1.1
1.8
1.1
0.4
9.7
1.1
3.2
4.7
4.2
0.4
9.9
7.5
5.0
beef and buffalo

p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10

pig
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10
30 704
17 386
0
1
2 630
0
0
0
2
202
18 664
6 553
0
0
281
0
0
3
1
84
2.0
2.6
3 195
0
0
498
180
46
172
0
0
89
185
8
0
0
0
2
59
1
35
10
8
1
1 175
0
8
30
160
116
12
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
3
0
0
18
168
12 112
0
1 926
0
0
10 186
62 054
246
206
16
3
0
21
2.1
0.0
9 115
0
0
211
930
97
64
0
1
113
260
33
0
0
0
3
79
2
45
59
5
1
1 745
1
121
79
385
172
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
1
524
492
13 318
0
1 272
0
0
12 046
16 623
1 346
407
98
29
148
665
1.3
2.4
1.8
0.3
0.7
14.1
2.9
2.4
3.3
0.0
0.7
2.2
1.7
1.8
0.0
5.1
4.3
0.5
1.8
2.4
0.1
1.4
2.5
0.5
1.1
0.6
9.3
4.7
2.2
0.0
8.7
1.3
5.2
2.8
3.8
2.5
2.3
0.4
0.4
2.0
2.6
1.5
1.4
0.2
1.5
0.1
0.2
2.8
4.5
2.9
0.3
6.8
7.5
5.5
2.2
2.8
0.6
3.8
3.8
0.9
6.7
5.5
4.1
6.2
0.0
3.9
5.0
2.5
9.9
2.8
3.9
6.7
8.8
2.3
0.1
1.9
6.3
1.3
0.8
2.7
3.2
0.2
2.4
2.3
8.4
3.2
0.1
5.1
6.4
0.3
3.4
2.9
1.7
3.4
1.6
1.7
2.8
3.9
4.4
3.7
12.8
5.0
3.8
sheep and goat

p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10
531
438
0
0
56
0
0
0
0
18
111
0
0
16
15
0
13
0
0
2
10
0
1
0
0
0
3
1
6
0
1
0
99
0
0
0
4
40
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32
9
92
0
16
0
0
76
7 716
472
143
50
39
139
100
0.2
0.8
2.5
0.5
1.7
6.6
6.0
1.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
1.1
3.3
5.0
0.1
4.8
0.6
0.8
0.4
19.9
3.6
0.2
7.6
0.5
1.3
1.2
5.4
14.7
3.2
0.7
1.1
2.4
0.5
4.3
16.7
0.4
1.4
2.6
1.4
0.3
4.7
0.7
2.3
1.9
2.3
1.6
3.2
2.8
5.0
4.2
1.6
11.8
7.0
2.3
poultry
thousand
tonnes
2010
42 110
21 310
0
0
1 643
0
7
14
14
384
11 185
0
0
594
1 038
105
34
0
0
332
343
105
0
1
1
2
184
25
8
152
102
1
2 722
0
102
126
39
1 020
55
0
0
2
0
0
0
12
67
0
0
70
819
20 800
0
1 216
0
0
19 583
34 858
155
103
4
1
20
27
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
3.7
5.6
3.2
5.1
0.0
2.9
4.7
11.0
6.2
3.0
7.5
3.7
7.5
0.0
4.6
5.8
3.2
1.8
1.5
0.1
0.6
2.8
7.8
0.1
7.3
2.9
1.3
3.8
1.1
8.0
4.5
1.3
6.5
0.8
1.6
10.0
1.2
11.3
5.6
0.9
2.1
1.7
1.8
1.0
1.3
4.1
1.8
4.7
10.6
12.0
1.3
26.6
12.5
5.4
173

total
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
174
p.a.
growth
%
beef and buffalo

p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10

pig
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10
sheep and goat

p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10
thousand
tonnes
2010
2000-10
86 904
184
12
80 926
325
2.6
3.1
3.2
2.7
2.4
7 386
8
1
6 545
22
2.0
7.2
1.5
2.5
0.9
54 194
129
7
51 545
110
2.3
2.2
3.5
2.4
2.4
4 136
0
0
3 992
16
3 234
206
2 018
15 948
20
201
2 849
130
1 670
1 805
2 753
113
2 388
32
3 988
12 342
319
609
7
6 180
2 136
1
299
2 654
139
5 984
70
254
24
97
56
161
683
222
81
211
70
53
21
750
421
2 356
131
323
56 628
16 825
971
221
603
869
3 584
111
1 016
7 214
176
2 059
8 099
0.8
3.3
2.0
5.8
2.6
0.1
5.3
5.9
6.5
14.3
2.9
0.0
1.6
1.9
7.2
3.5
0.0
3.1
0.2
3.4
3.3
0.7
2.3
4.5
3.4
3.9
3.5
8.8
6.0
0.5
6.3
0.5
3.2
4.8
1.5
2.0
3.0
5.2
5.2
1.5
2.0
5.4
3.4
6.8
1.3
2.8
5.0
7.5
2.6
3.0
2.2
2.4
0.2
5.0
4.5
2.2
0.2
515
48
247
1 737
1
73
472
45
29
210
299
0
223
2
384
4 853
131
195
5
2 566
226
0
212
1 485
33
1 300
48
114
1
4
27
51
108
12
3
69
6
5
1
44
62
622
15
108
11 001
3 166
308
20
74
28
401
10
154
1 727
16
428
1 978
0.3
8.3
2.1
3.8
13.5
0.6
2.0
3.2
5.0
8.5
1.3
2.0
1.0
1.4
7.6
2.4
0.4
1.0
0.3
1.4
2.0
0.3
8.4
1.9
6.2
0.7
0.5
5.4
7.9
3.9
15.8
2.9
1.1
2.2
4.3
8.0
3.1
2.3
5.3
0.3
5.0
4.5
7.5
0.8
0.1
5.7
0.6
5.4
6.6
3.8
1.9
8.4
3.1
0.6
7.4
2.8
5.7
0.2
7.6
0.4
1.0
3.8
10.6
3.7
8.5
1.4
5.5
0.5
0.9
10.6
5.5
0.7
1 292
0
1 110
7 164
0
100
695
59
234
535
1 613
19
862
10
3 036
352
0
0
1
332
0
0
17
0
1
98
8
1
0
57
13
0
19
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26 939
6 639
398
70
291
452
1 895
57
429
2 331
84
631
3 399
0
126
1
221
0
0
114
1
2
42
51
0
2
1
8
1 941
152
195
0
876
230
0
53
434
1
947
8
74
17
5
5
56
10
22
36
12
15
35
11
87
166
274
45
69
1 287
302
1
17
2
1
1
2
70
185
1
21
369
0
1 997
75
1
395
0.1
3.5
0.1
1.6
0
132
13
0
83
1.5
1.7
0.1
1.0
0
1 668
46
0
203
29
1.8
0.7
poultry
p.a.
growth
%
thousand
tonnes
2010
2000-10
3.9
12.3
8.4
4.0
3.5
19 447
38
4
17 292
43
3.2
5.5
3.0
3.3
3.4
3.2
0.5
6.2
6.0
7.9
1.7
19.0
4.6
6.3
4.7
0.8
6.7
7.3
7.0
15.2
3.4
0.3
1.3
3.9
3.8
8.2
6.2
4.6
2.8
9.5
7.4
2.8
0.7
2.2
0.8
0.2
7.8
9.5
7.5
5.7
6.0
2.6
4.9
0.6
3.6
2.9
7.0
5.1
1.2
1.3
3.1
1.6
4.0
1.2
1.8
6.0
11.7
7.8
12.3
1.7
4.1
2.8
2.8
3.1
2.1
3.0
1 417
0
653
6 760
19
28
1 566
24
1 405
1 019
773
94
1 301
1
531
4 951
24
203
0
2 231
1 662
0
17
712
102
3 545
5
64
6
29
12
53
546
188
40
129
49
6
8
576
192
1 457
41
144
16 222
6 222
260
107
195
376
1 259
41
349
2 610
71
953
2 305
1.6
0
2
1
1
1
1.7
8.4
0.1
0.5
0
190
16
0
105
2.6
0.6
2.9
3.3
1.5
2.4
0.5
1.0
2.5
0.9
10.0
2.4
10.7
36.3
1.1
0.8
2.8
11.6
3.5
3.0
0.1
1.4
1.6
4.0
6.4
0.7
0.1
0.3
4.2
3.8
12.6
8.3
13.7
4.2
2.5
7.4
7.0
5.5
0.6
1.1
4.0
1.4
2.4
6.2
2.6
7.9
4.9
5.3
16.2
14.1
0.8
1.4
1.6
3.3
2.8
4.6
1.9
2.1
3.4
3.2
6.8
1.8
5.7
8.2
4.1
8.0
4.8
10.3
13.1
0.7
1.1
2.2
7.9
9.7
3.0
12.9
1.3
17.3
1.3
0.6
8.1
4.1
8.5

total
thousand
tonnes
2010
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
beef and buffalo

p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10

pig
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10
sheep and goat

p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2010
2000-10
poultry
thousand
tonnes
2010
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
939
0
0.8
558
0
0.3
215
0
0.7
48
0
5.4
115
0
0.7
80
196
328
2.6
0.5
2.0
18
44
84
1.9
5.3
0.8
37
73
129
1.7
1.4
2.3
1
1
25
4.3
4.7
0.4
23
78
85
12.5
11.9
6.5
0
536
3 522
11 881
92
0
76
193
0
443
0
4 285
15
11
788
0
471
143
5 339
23
19 823
920
1 898
5 745
8 220
0
20
0
2 549
471
5 789
5 297
3 971
1 326
0
478
28
7
433
3
7
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
12
0
1
2
0
0
6
0
2
0
0
0.1
0.0
0.8
3.1
9.6
4.1
0.2
0.5
1.7
0.8
1.1
0.8
0.7
0.8
1.0
0.9
1.2
2.8
0.7
1.2
1.3
0.7
0.6
0.7
0.3
2.2
2.5
0.6
2.3
1.4
0.1
2.4
1.0
4.4
0.2
0.4
0.8
0.0
1.3
0.4
1.5
1.6
0.0
0.3
0.8
0.1
0
134
908
2 091
41
0
23
38
0
70
0
1 075
1
5
93
0
96
36
607
7
3 766
227
263
1 530
1 205
0
9
0
389
143
2 764
2 744
2 108
635
0
18
8
3
3
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1.1
2.6
0.5
1.3
3.7
3.0
1.0
0.7
1.2
0.7
1.9
0.7
1.2
0.4
1.1
0.5
0.0
0.8
1.4
1.9
1.1
0.7
0.7
0.6
1.1
0.6
0.5
1.4
1.7
1.9
4.0
0.6
3.9
0.5
0.5
1.8
4.0
1.9
1.2
1.0
0.3
0.0
0
263
758
6 004
12
0
13
121
0
100
0
1 673
8
2
385
0
269
44
3 369
8
10 897
546
1 124
2 191
5 488
0
10
0
1 288
249
474
383
336
47
0
80
4
2
68
2
3
2
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
8
0
1
1
0
0
4
0
2
0
0
0.5
1.7
1.4
4.8
7.8
6.6
3.4
1.2
1.9
1.6
3.0
1.5
1.5
1.4
0.8
0.8
0.5
3.3
2.2
2.3
1.0
0.3
0.7
0.8
0.1
1.7
0.4
4.2
1.7
1.2
2.1
1.0
1.7
1.8
0.0
0.4
0.8
0.0
0.8
0.1
1.1
1.5
0.0
0.7
0.5
0.0
0
5
277
417
21
0
2
2
0
145
0
54
0
1
20
0
23
2
142
5
200
7
3
131
39
0
0
0
15
6
1 053
1 053
581
472
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.5
3.2
1.8
0.8
3.2
0.6
1.5
2.4
0.3
2.8
6.0
5.5
1.1
1.2
2.1
5.0
0.7
2.1
8.9
2.4
0.1
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.2
8.1
12.5
2.5
1.3
5.2
1.3
2.7
0.8
0.1
13.0
0.0
0.6
0.0
0
115
1 570
2 964
17
0
38
29
0
117
0
1 181
5
4
286
0
84
61
1 141
3
4 731
134
506
1 788
1 380
0
0
0
856
69
1 092
1 065
920
145
0
24
15
1
6
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2.2
0.4
1.3
15.6
19.2
1.1
0.4
0.8
2.9
0.6
1.2
1.5
4.1
1.4
1.9
2.2
2.1
5.7
5.3
1.1
3.4
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.1
4.9
6.3
2.0
0.8
1.5
8.7
6.7
0.0
9.1
0.4
0.0
1.0
0.6
8.4
0.7
2.9
4.2
0.0
1.4
1.3
0.5
175
TABLE 35: Egg, milk, and processed milk production

eggs
thousand
tonnes
2010
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
176
69 092
2 652
337
3
1
0
2
35
81
21
20
10
0
14
7
3
1
2
23
34
50
30
39
4
15
2
4
2
9
0
2
1
924
194
291
62
230
milk
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
2.5
3.5
1.7
0.0
0.4
million
tonnes
2010
Production
butter and
ghee
cheese
evaporat
and
condensed
milk
skim milk
and
buttermilk
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
0.3
1.9
3.5
4.4
4.3
0.9
4.8
9 044
302
78
0
0
0
1
18
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
9
0
32
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
182
2
128
0
29
20 222
989
23
0
0
0
1
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
1
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
844
2
644
0
44
4 906
65
8
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 430
19
4
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
1.6
2.7
2.8
5.3
0.4
1.3
0.3
2.4
3.0
1.6
0.5
1.4
1.2
0.8
3.5
2.4
3.1
0.8
4.2
3.2
6.7
5.1
0.4
0.2
719
42
15
0
0
0
0
3
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
19
2
6
0
2
56
91
2.2
1.0
7
1
2.6
1.7
16
6
150
4
0
0
0
0
485
4
2
4
473
1
867
14
52
32
2
1
37
24
1
5
14
5
8
623
0
4.1
3.5
1.3
6.8
4.1
1.0
4.3
7.4
2.8
0.3
1.5
2.0
5.4
7.2
3.1
2.3
1.6
1.4
0.3
4.5
4
0
0
0
3
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
0
2.3
0.4
0.8
2.7
2.4
1.2
7.6
3.0
4.4
2.0
9.2
2.0
1.4
5.1
2.8
0.4
13.6
1.9
4.5
2.5
14
1
0
1
12
0
28
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
13
11
0
48
3
0
0
44
0
73
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
59
9
0
56
0
0
0
56
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
30
9
9
5.3
1.4
3.9
0
0
0
4.3
7.6
1.2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.7
2.1
2.9
0.6
0.4
2.2
2.7
4.9
6.7
7.5
1.3
1.3
5.1
12.1
5.8
0.4
2.9
2.6
0.8
3.6
5.9
18.2
3.0
8.8
8.1
1.7
1.9
1.6
0.6
2.5
1.7
2.2
2.4
4.8
TABLE 35: Egg, milk, and processed milk production (continued)

eggs
thousand
tonnes
2010
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
milk
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
12 999
7 154
0
0
505
0
1
2
2
68
2.4
3.6
2 087
0
0
191
510
54
107
0
0
106
93
65
0
1
1
2
220
1
6
44
6
3
2 381
0
24
25
129
285
12
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
4
0
0
52
160
5 845
0
433
0
0
5 412
42 646
468
209
21
13
50
175
2.9
2.3
4.4
4.6
6.0
3.7
5.8
0.0
5.7
4.7
2.7
3.5
2.3
6.1
2.6
0.5
2.9
5.0
1.3
10.5
7.3
1.9
0.7
0.3
5.8
2.9
2.4
2.2
7.1
6.5
5.8
2.8
1.4
8.6
5.4
2.6
2.5
3.4
3.6
0.9
0.9
1.5
1.5
0.0
0.8
2.8
9.1
8.2
6.0
24.0
9.0
9.5
million
tonnes
2010
176
80
0
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
31
0
0
3
8
1
1
0
0
1
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
11
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
96
0
8
0
0
87
262
16
5
1
1
2
6
Production
butter and
ghee
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
2.2
3.4
0.8
0.4
6.1
1.7
9.1
4.7
4.2
2.4
2.0
2.8
0.3
1.9
2.1
11.0
1.7
0.0
2.5
2.9
3.0
5.7
3.5
3.4
2.6
0.5
2.0
1.4
2.2
3.0
1.5
1.9
4.6
0.0
4.1
0.2
2.1
7.1
2.2
2.5
5.0
1.3
0.6
0.1
1.4
5.1
5.1
3.7
2.1
7.9
8.1
5.5
cheese
evaporat
and
condensed
milk
skim milk
and
buttermilk
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
1 043
254
0
0
51
0
0
0
0
1
6 823
1 312
0
0
580
0
0
0
0
11
1 901
774
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
996
89
0
0
19
0
0
0
0
1
92
0
0
21
20
7
1
0
0
2
6
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
9
0
0
20
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17
2
789
0
80
0
0
709
4 809
27
14
4
0
4
4
45
0
0
72
65
12
16
0
0
4
10
3
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
17
0
0
154
0
39
13
0
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
96
150
5 511
0
418
0
0
5 093
1 456
56
19
4
17
2
14
56
0
0
37
21
0
35
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
165
0
1
28
0
410
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
1 127
0
49
0
0
1 078
1 004
56
16
27
1
0
12
0
0
0
14
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
24
3
907
0
84
0
0
822
341
5
3
1
0
0
2
177

eggs
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
178
milk
p.a.
growth
%
Production
butter and
ghee
p.a.
growth
%
thousand
tonnes
2010
2000-10
million
tonnes
2010
31 308
0
0
28 015
155
2.2
3.0
8.6
2.4
3.5
51
0
0
41
0
10.2
30.3
2 515
0
622
4 128
7
22
1 382
15
554
357
465
22
980
1
321
5 053
16
256
0
3 378
741
0
32
564
65
1 689
39
71
3
9
25
46
102
69
40
47
40
9
5
193
163
740
26
61
10 545
4 907
198
90
122
156
618
40
310
2 274
80
1 018
1 135
0.1
2.5
2.2
4.8
3.9
4.1
5.8
4.1
3.3
11.3
3.9
2.5
2.0
0.7
5.6
4.6
0.9
3.7
2.4
5.2
2.5
8
0
2
4
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
167
2
3
0
117
7
0
2
35
0
24
1
2
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
14
0
0
213
74
7
1
3
2
12
1
5
32
1
11
35
1.0
3.4
0.8
7.3
2.6
1.6
5.3
1.6
7.1
9.1
4.4
0
76
11
0
62
3
3.3
4.9
2.1
1.8
6.1
8.8
1.2
2.0
2.2
4.6
1.5
4.2
6.5
0.8
0.9
3.2
5.3
4.2
2.5
0.9
6.0
6.9
1.4
2.8
0.7
0.7
4.2
1.4
3.9
2.3
0.8
1.8
2.5
7.3
1.5
2000-10
12.9
0.6
5.0
4.0
13.5
3.7
0.3
4.7
0.6
3.9
2.2
3.1
3.3
3.1
3.2
2.9
4.1
6.7
0.1
0.3
8.1
0.9
3.5
5.3
0.1
2.3
5.5
4.3
7.2
3.0
3.3
4.3
5.4
0.0
0.1
4.0
2.9
0.4
2.4
0.3
0.3
0.9
0.1
1.5
1.2
0.2
thousand
tonnes
2010
skim milk
and
buttermilk
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
404
0
0
277
0
178
0
0
131
0
187
0
0
0
0
74
1
59
26
0
0
0
0
0
26
0
0
0
0
0
4 301
33
25
0
3 383
187
0
24
649
1
221
1
21
0
0
0
4
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
18
156
1
8
2 375
624
99
1
41
4
174
4
8
207
6
80
420
125
1
0
80
0
0
0
0
0
75
0
0
5
0
0
278
22
1
0
0
254
0
0
0
0
638
17
54
0
5
0
13
127
7
0
16
5
2
0
100
115
156
0
23
10 294
2 098
167
77
129
82
664
7
84
603
51
233
1 272
42
0
4
731
0
0
21
0
256
0
0
337
109
0
8
8
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
4
31
0
0
0
0
0
0
27
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1 915
560
106
0
84
8
19
65
1
198
3
76
196
156
0
31
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
143
0
0
0
140
0
0
0
3
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 424
464
71
0
60
1
132
3
8
66
10
112
246
0
292
23
0
101
0
10
1
0
0
0
28
10
0
17
0.5
0.5
0
34
6
0
54
0.6
1.7
0.4
0.7
evaporat
and
condensed
milk
233
0
0
100
0
0
5
1
0
2
0.3
3.2
cheese

eggs
thousand
tonnes
2010
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
milk
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
million
tonnes
2010
Production
butter and
ghee
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
thousand
tonnes
2010
cheese
evaporat
and
condensed
milk
skim milk
and
buttermilk
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
45
0
3.3
5
0
0.3
135
0
176
0
2
0
60
0
45
51
60
6.3
2.1
2.5
1
2
2
0.1
0.1
1.0
6
8
16
32
80
82
3
19
11
4
13
6
0
38
120
197
3
0
1
4
0
2
0
108
0
1
27
0
2
6
38
7
0
107
370
1 765
16
0
5
29
0
223
0
1 145
0
6
71
0
24
19
220
8
0
24
125
187
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
126
0
0
8
0
2
0
51
0
0
40
67
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
4
13
0
1 134
33
89
426
404
0
0
0
133
48
515
513
128
385
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5 160
194
89
1 898
2 029
0
0
0
753
198
660
660
349
311
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
973
11
54
45
449
0
11
0
393
10
21
21
19
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
687
6
0
280
300
0
0
0
68
34
652
652
184
468
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
111
671
2 028
31
0
35
43
0
100
0
737
5
3
132
0
70
22
832
19
2 476
95
158
844
662
0
1
0
670
45
250
230
174
56
0
15
6
3
5
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.8
1.4
1.4
4.1
6.7
0.9
1.5
0.7
0.6
1.1
0.5
2.3
3.0
1.6
1.0
2.1
2.0
3.0
3.4
0.0
2.2
2.2
2.0
2.0
2.0
4.8
6.0
7.0
0.0
4.1
13.4
2.2
1.9
4.3
0.5
0.0
6.2
4.1
15.8
7.6
2.9
3.3
0.0
1.1
3.6
4.2
0
3
14
28
1
0
1
1
0
2
0
11
0
0
2
0
1
1
8
0
76
3
3
24
30
0
0
0
12
4
26
26
9
17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.4
0.3
0.3
1.2
2.8
2.5
0.1
1.8
1.4
0.6
0.4
0.8
4.4
0.0
0.2
1.8
0.6
0.4
0.1
1.2
0.5
0.5
1.6
1.6
1.8
3.3
0.8
0.9
10.3
2.2
0.4
0.0
0.0
4.8
0.3
2.8
0.0
0.0
4.8
179
TABLE 36: Fish production

Fish production
total
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
180
capture
inland
marine
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
89 630
7 353
1 536
18
20
1
3
17
134
131
69
8
15
148
3
9
81
30
412
342
85
10
827
272
140
33
40
61
236
8
32
5
1 902
128
387
52
1 165
88 604
7 618
1 640
18
52
1
3
18
143
129
98
8
21
151
3
9
87
30
414
368
76
10
820
260
140
35
40
65
236
7
32
5
1 834
94
385
50
1 136
11 211
2 567
1 139
18
0
0
0
18
135
36
98
0
77 393
5 050
501
72
98
p.a.
growth
%
total
aquaculture
inland
marine
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
55 714
991
103
0
59 873
1 288
133
0
41 736
1 280
132
0
18 136
8
1
0
5
6
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12
7
3
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
12
7
3
0
77
0
9
3
4
0
1
0
95
0
10
3
4
0
1
0
95
0
10
3
4
0
1
0
0
3
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
3
0
0
264
0
7
35
6
6
22
5
1 496
94
121
50
1 129
0.4
2.0
4.6
0.2
14.8
2.8
12.6
1.4
4.0
0.7
7.0
2.1
21.2
13.8
2.9
3.0
10.3
2.2
6.6
0.6
1.4
2.2
0.8
0.8
2.2
8.8
7.1
3.6
0.4
7.3
3.9
1.4
1.5
1.9
0.0
0.0
2.3
716
2
705
0
1
931
2
920
0
2
926
2
920
0
1
72
98
66
1
6
97
3.1
0.2
2
5
2
5
883
0
0
370
512
0
2 206
39
12
17
44
46
322
96
7
8
100
217
30
598
1
994
0
0
370
624
0
2 329
40
15
20
72
46
351
110
7
8
100
276
30
617
1
4
0
0
3
1
0
655
30
15
0
7
4
90
16
0
1
100
15
30
293
0
990
324
1
1.9
9.7
3.5
4.6
0.3
0.0
2.7
2.1
5.5
6.3
1.1
4.8
2.5
1.8
0.7
3.6
0.9
9.2
6.3
3.4
1.9
442
200
27
410
200
28
34
14
5
375
186
23
0.6
10.3
2.1
32
0
9
0
0
414
293
76
10
432
10
75
35
40
30
230
1
10
0
338
52
1
3
0
8
93
8
21
119
3
87
30
75
389
250
65
367
623
1 674
9
20
65
42
261
94
7
7
261
2000-10
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
7.2
16.4
48.4
0.0
5.2
37.3
0.6
19.6
20.6
47.9
0.5
8.8
3.4
60.8
8.0
9.3
2.3
10.5
45.3
32.5
1.6
1.3
3.6
11.7
5
0
0
0
10.5
17.5
10.5
9.1
2.1
2
1
8.2
13.3
8.1
0
1
3
0
164
0
0
0
1
3
0
216
0
0
0
0
2
0
216
0
0
1
0
7
0
2
0
10
0
2
0
10
0
0
1
0
2
0
2
0.9
52.8
0
153
0
201
0
201
16.7
22.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
43.7
27.0
1.1
11.7
22.2
50.6
3.6
17.5
7.4
2.8
2.9
17.5
TABLE 36: Fish production (continued)

Fish production
total
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
capture
inland
marine
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
20 653
15 281
1
2
862
0
9
3
11
8
17 217
11 708
1
2
812
0
12
3
114
7
543
493
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
7
16 673
11 214
1
2
796
0
12
3
114
825
1
0
3 454
106
22
29
785
1
0
2 680
79
22
24
248
0
0
1
14
486
31
63
4
3
10
20
44
8
11
16
6
1 611
0
36
223
2
6 914
2
1
14
392
36
100
4
2
10
22
45
8
11
15
5
1 524
0
37
163
2
4 261
2
0
2
p.a.
growth
%
total
aquaculture
inland
marine
p.a.
growth
%
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
2000-10
3.0
4.1
2.3
2.7
1.3
0.6
0.5
0.3
8.2
1.3
2 513
1 878
2 576
1 920
1 142
833
1 435
1 087
7.8
10.1
4.1
0
0
6
1
0
0
5
1
0
0
5
1
0
0
2.7
7.8
537
1
0
2 680
58
21
22
1.6
39.5
0.0
4.6
5.3
4.8
10.0
416
479
464
16
10.8
793
81
25
36
701
80
27
31
37
68
27
30
664
13
0
2
6.0
2.7
10.7
0.4
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
116
0
1
2
2
44
0
1
14
391
34
100
4
2
10
19
44
8
11
15
5
1 407
0
36
161
0
1
218
4
0
0
0
1
272
4
0
0
0
0
49
4
0
17
1
0
29
5
0
157
0
23
0
0
28
4
0
126
0
23
0
0
28
4
0
15
4 217
2
5.2
2.8
4.1
14.1
2.8
1.9
3.7
0.1
5.7
0.8
3.0
4.5
10.8
2.3
1.5
7.1
5.2
3.2
24.4
8.8
7.5
19
6
3
44
0
17
6
3
89
0
17
6
3
31
0
21
2
0
0
21
2
46.3
0.1
18.6
66
66
9.0
26
14
7
1
81
288
5 373
0
950
198
2
4 222
46 900
56
35
0
0
15
6
34
14
5
1
74
274
5 509
0
928
209
2
4 370
48 713
62
43
0
0
15
4
1
0
0
0
1
25
50
0
27
0
0
23
7 697
62
43
0
0
15
4
34
14
5
1
73
250
5 459
0
900
209
2
4 347
41 017
4.9
0.2
0.5
2.6
4.2
2.5
0.6
2.8
0.7
2.7
11.2
0.8
1.7
1.8
1.6
6.3
7.4
2.1
2.1
0
0
0
0
0
15
634
0
0
0
0
0
18
656
0
0
14.7
4.8
0
0
18
309
347
0.0
3.2
1.2
154
161
153
2.3
480
49 538
6
0
0
0
0
5
495
53 301
8
0
0
1
0
7
301
38 830
8
0
0
1
0
7
194
14 471
0.8
7.1
3.1
12.1
18.6
19.7
12.9
1.6
21
1
2
2000-10
1
223
0
0
17.5
7.4
16.1
32.9
1.2
0
0
0
0
111
0
58
2.4
19.1
2.1
32.5
10.6
1.1
5.2
8.9
12.1
13.4
39.9
29.7
19.8
0
0
181

Fish production
total
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
182
capture
inland
marine
p.a.
growth
%
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
2000-10
22 030
159
2
15 690
205
22 422
168
2
16 270
205
2 345
20 077
168
2
13 981
200
4 116
0
1 859
16 524
2
465
5 104
30
1 398
2 767
2 603
2
1 871
3
2 280
7 250
1
1 822
0
4 067
420
117
22
446
356
1 040
1
1
16
1
25
35
3
1
4
4
2
159
14
68
7
464
78
159
13 340
4 291
1
9
4
6
224
2
4
3 826
2
213
6 453
4 044
0
1 733
17 265
2
490
5 380
31
1 433
3 063
2 612
2
1 827
3
2 421
7 872
1
1 727
0
4 695
444
95
22
453
436
1 092
1
1
13
1
31
26
3
0
4
4
2
164
14
65
7
486
80
191
13 794
4 473
1
11
4
6
190
2
3
4 070
2
186
6 679
40
0
10
2 377
0
405
345
31
5
1 002
185
0
210
0
194
2 853
1
1 119
0
1 469
75
0
22
115
52
59
1
1
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
40
0
0
387
304
1
1
4
6
19
2
2
263
2
5
39
4 004
3
778
97
351
155
3
828
95
394
159
1 142
1 061
total
aquaculture
inland
marine
p.a.
growth
%
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
2000-10
0.2
0.7
0.0
0.4
0.4
36 395
5
38 307
4
24 791
2
13 515
2
5.3
1.4
35 066
64
37 045
64
24 723
4
12 321
60
5.5
0.4
787
718
40
679
0.6
473
7 684
0
50
1 733
75
333
778
737
4
1 417
0
2 556
5 208
476
8 377
0
60
2 305
82
373
851
745
3
1 286
0
2 672
6 354
22
7 565
0
58
2 250
82
243
822
613
0
999
0
2 498
6 307
453
813
0
2
55
130
29
132
3
287
4.9
13.4
16.0
15.3
11.3
6.9
9.4
24.0
6.6
3.7
5.7
173
47
18.3
9.4
1 064
0
3 792
180
1 309
0
4 649
220
1 309
0
4 602
220
27
138
8
245
5
1
0
3
0
19
19
0
0
1
0
0
0
26
9
160
0
28
140
8
255
5
1
0
4
0
20
20
1
0
1
0
0
0
26
9
168
0
28
140
8
159
5
1
181
6 640
2.2
14.4
0.5
3.6
0.9
5.6
2.8
0.6
1.1
10.9
3.3
10.7
4.8
24.1
4.1
2.8
0.0
5.6
4.7
2.5
1.5
2.3
2.6
3.0
3.3
2.2
5.9
24.8
1.4
32.0
32.8
2.2
7.8
1.2
5.4
0.4
4.2
3.1
6.8
2.9
0.1
0.4
2.8
5.2
1.2
0.1
5.0
2.2
1.5
1.3
1.4
16.9
9.6
0.2
1.6
7.2
1.9
2 499
256
16
7
20
15
37
8
13
117
1
24
1 315
2 523
251
16
8
20
14
31
8
9
120
1
23
1 375
474
244
16
7
20
14
31
8
9
115
1
23
56
0
0
3
0
29
3
828
93
394
130
0.6
6.0
1.7
1.4
0.2
1
34
1
59
14
1
40
1
48
12
1 060
6.1
0
2 289
5
1 723
14 887
2
85
5 035
1 429
2 061
2 426
2
1 617
3
2 227
5 019
607
3 226
369
95
338
384
1 033
13
1
31
13
2
0
4
4
2
164
14
65
3
446
80
191
13 407
4 169
10
171
0
3 807
0
0
20
19
1
0
1
0
0
0
24
9
79
0
46
0
0
96
0
4
1
0
0
2
89
0
2 049
7
1
6
0
1 320
6.5
27.4
6.2
9.7
18.8
21.7
13.6
8.2
18.5
27.8
0.3
0.5
0.4
7.2
16.0
2.4
7.8
3.1
3.5
9.2
8.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
18.2
0.8
5.0
2.5
2.9
6.0
48
9
11.2
1.0
9.8
3.2
2.7
3.4
26
1
1
14
7.1
4.4
9.1
18.4

Fish production
total
thousand
tonnes
2009
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
thousand
tonnes
2010
capture
inland
marine
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
p.a.
growth
%
2000-10
total
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
aquaculture
inland
marine
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2010
1.0
1
3
0
1 008
5.4
4.8
7.5
11
201
561
3
7
13
86
0
4
188
474
2
8.2
2.8
1.2
23.4
8
14
8
14
7
5
0
9
7.4
1.8
122
113
110
1.7
230
2
1
223
2.5
5.5
153
3
1
3
39
115
3
0
2
3.2
5.3
1.6
162
3
1
7
1
963
6.7
0.9
1.6
7
1
267
2
8
1
252
2
8
1
19
2
0
233
4.1
2.0
0.1
1 041
2.3
2.2
2.8
3.7
0.9
332
2
1
234
39
336
2
1
224
41
87
2
1
41
36
249
2.0
2.7
11.7
1.7
4.7
10.4
2.4
0.0
2.8
2.0
1.0
2.4
56
1
173
169
65
105
67
1
184
180
70
111
6
1
10
8
7
1
60
4
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
19.6
2.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.8
319
5
0
0
319
5
1.4
3.1
47
46
163
173
2 524
165
150
2 675
0
1
1
164
149
2 675
1.9
6.6
0.1
1
3
962
1
3
1 008
0
203
591
1 525
6
0
2
56
0
83
0
212
613
1 579
6
0
2
53
0
83
0
211
610
1 557
3
4.6
2.0
0.4
6.3
9
179
596
2
0.0
9.6
253
2
1
199
0
4
1
918
0
234
2
1
223
0
5
1
969
0
4
0
1
0
0
5
0
6
0
1 071
0
22
421
244
0
0
0
382
2
1 215
611
172
439
0
446
39
4
230
28
145
116
0
41
46
28
0
0
1
42
5
3
13
0
0
13
0
2
5
1
1 064
0
22
427
223
0
0
0
389
2
1 203
608
171
436
0
403
41
4
225
35
98
137
0
45
60
31
0
0
1
56
5
10
13
0
0
13
0
2
11
1
22
0
1
2
15
0
0
2
2
17
2
1
1
0
15
2
0
14
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2000-10
45
269
4
1
2
22
3
0
2
0
p.a.
growth
%
0
52
0
82
22
424
208
0
387
1 186
606
171
435
0
387
40
4
211
35
98
137
0
45
60
31
0
0
1
56
5
10
13
0
0
13
0
2
11
1
5.5
0.2
1.1
7.4
6.2
3.3
10.9
8.4
2.3
21.9
2.8
6.2
3.2
0.9
14.7
20.1
25.9
0.7
5.5
5.0
4.2
10.3
5.5
36.6
10.3
0
1
183
5
174
172
62
110
1
1
0
0
8.2
1.2
1.3
4.8
4.7
8.2
2.6
9.0
19.3
3.6
22.4
23.7
3.5
5.7
2.4
183
TABLE 37: Volume of total cereal trade

Cereals
imports
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
184
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2008
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2008
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
271 005
45 117
5 169
30
28
69
293
1 272
1 165
315
72
288
0
426
0
41
12
261
172
546
69
109
1 669
541
397
41
51
218
289
14
107
10
28 900
7 509
9 655
2 719
5 215
319 484
58 730
7 115
29
47
370
208
1 424
1 100
276
259
282
0
714
0
56
19
642
439
548
48
652
2 831
940
858
32
144
97
546
30
169
14
34 595
9 112
12 357
2 307
6 127
327 876
63 771
11 220
67
46
561
252
2 229
2 711
221
215
328
0
1 019
0
131
18
611
514
951
70
1 277
2 887
818
907
42
193
234
490
25
160
18
34 380
7 910
14 585
3 104
4 415
335 358
66 374
8 978
54
67
183
220
2 134
1 420
285
199
327
0
958
0
232
18
363
464
1 226
17
809
2 828
785
779
48
184
202
643
29
145
13
38 934
7 930
16 798
2 904
5 511
273 088
2 125
378
0
0
0
0
4
19
3
11
39
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
104
20
170
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
779
0
395
1
98
318 332
2 710
571
0
0
0
0
2
30
3
31
18
0
30
0
8
0
0
73
136
238
1
8
1
1
0
0
1
5
0
0
0
640
12
323
0
95
330 201
3 564
342
0
0
0
0
0
19
1
15
42
0
16
0
0
0
0
105
71
71
0
5
1
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
915
6
774
4
100
339 846
3 621
841
1
0
0
0
59
83
2
26
45
0
62
0
2
0
0
211
224
125
0
12
1
6
0
0
5
1
0
0
0
502
8
353
0
122
1 313
2 490
1 632
3 059
2 385
1 981
2 539
3 252
53
231
164
45
2
30
6
12
2 317
179
195
157
1 710
77
7 062
94
263
747
64
122
451
288
89
217
114
274
257
3 051
0
3 133
177
270
201
2 302
182
11 057
753
205
1 090
103
169
825
455
32
262
252
438
320
4 066
0
2 919
209
268
131
2 153
159
12 366
714
375
1 665
135
207
805
403
91
357
242
588
172
4 981
0
2 973
292
256
161
2 106
159
12 660
649
355
1 387
84
266
685
434
63
339
214
441
326
5 872
0
827
3
1
2
816
4
140
2
59
3
0
0
2
0
0
0
13
0
0
29
0
1 285
2
0
3
1 279
1
207
33
11
38
1
0
0
15
0
0
4
0
30
5
0
1 830
7
0
0
1 822
1
471
143
18
127
0
1
0
15
0
0
0
0
30
0
0
1 382
5
0
0
1 376
1
885
582
35
104
0
0
9
10
0
0
2
0
41
0
0
794
142
96
1 533
246
308
1 332
135
163
1 273
142
128
1
0
31
37
0
31
104
0
32
73
0
29
TABLE 37: Volume of total cereal trade (continued)

Cereals
imports
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2008
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2008
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
51 061
44 034
0
5
48
21
23
57
17
460
58 992
48 448
0
6
18
15
21
78
20
461
55 222
46 473
0
6
17
14
14
66
21
498
57 765
49 739
0
5
18
9
19
66
22
372
136 274
26 031
0
0
23 728
14
0
5
1
6
156 662
40 949
0
0
28 108
4
0
6
1
33
134 078
33 720
0
0
17 678
5
0
4
0
70
153 418
43 688
0
0
25 450
1
0
4
11
34
10 814
0
0
1 948
3 272
769
1 607
0
8
1 353
600
681
0
0
26
0
637
66
529
267
481
0
14 065
0
185
382
170
2 312
0
0
4
21
0
35
0
39
210
0
0
312
2 581
7 027
2
1 933
0
0
5 091
119 205
1 537
18
237
404
7
872
8 510
1
1
2 760
5 181
958
2 150
0
7
1 452
929
812
0
0
30
0
1 168
72
564
431
415
0
14 905
0
365
528
19
3 191
0
8 615
0
1
2 161
5 113
954
1 921
0
7
1 394
921
739
0
0
9
0
1 183
84
627
690
395
0
13 363
0
331
466
11
3 257
0
8 770
0
0
112
3
29
0
0
0
2
33
19
0
0
0
0
20
231
0
3
8
0
1 555
0
23
1
2 872
72
0
5
16
0
31
0
24
188
0
0
177
3 131
8 748
2
2 663
0
0
6 083
135 588
3 356
182
492
1 001
179
1 501
36
0
0
50
0
27
0
0
0
0
94
29
0
0
14
0
9
207
0
2
0
0
567
0
1
0
300
10
0
0
0
0
0
15
0
41
9
0
0
780
76
110 243
0
22 885
0
0
87 358
39 207
6 126
6 091
28
0
0
7
7 632
0
0
100
5
38
0
0
0
4
25
11
0
0
7
0
33
198
0
5
10
0
1 608
0
33
0
1 718
53
0
5
12
0
42
0
34
271
0
0
218
2 779
10 544
2
3 474
0
0
7 068
127 318
3 478
124
508
1 064
461
1 320
8 785
0
1
2 061
5 472
961
2 045
0
3
1 738
1 188
759
0
0
23
0
1 216
67
832
618
459
0
14 445
0
354
601
16
3 871
0
0
10
16
0
30
0
58
157
0
0
185
3 237
8 026
2
2 330
0
0
5 694
138 169
3 112
54
453
992
127
1 486
0
0
0
20
0
25
10
0
0
1 264
0
115 714
0
21 739
0
0
93 974
40 770
8 164
8 147
3
2
0
13
0
0
0
19
0
23
20
0
0
2 149
0
100 358
0
23 256
0
0
77 102
39 151
6 782
6 700
3
5
0
74
12 567
0
0
134
4
27
1
0
0
18
28
22
0
0
0
0
23
170
0
5
9
0
1 128
0
28
0
1 889
24
0
0
0
0
0
21
0
77
17
0
0
1 991
4
109 730
0
22 774
0
0
86 956
44 071
8 572
8 490
5
3
0
74
185

Cereals
imports
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
186
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2008
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2008
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
52 450
589
35
9 477
2 283
45 938
637
39
6 947
356
47 337
616
37
9 223
589
52 089
615
36
11 788
441
14 524
45
0
13 953
0
2 221
39
0
1 867
0
1 749
35
0
1 419
0
1 671
25
0
1 314
0
27 012
253
12 801
17 780
51
117
6 863
16
4 099
121
3 799
710
1 100
45
859
16 035
1 178
2 496
57
55
9 928
35
203
1 054
1 029
31 404
467
766
123
655
1 025
4 589
2 999
1 537
740
830
495
578
143
7 582
1 731
2 682
1 827
2 635
54 696
11 193
2 174
163
197
104
1 864
49
537
4 851
233
1 021
5 849
25 458
324
12 177
18 232
48
42
5 829
29
4 403
126
4 270
596
1 367
20
1 502
18 574
2 046
4 236
8
22
8 960
52
134
1 971
1 144
41 096
416
1 580
134
569
625
4 722
2 894
2 231
889
856
639
646
472
10 649
2 698
5 360
2 860
2 854
72 929
6 850
525
269
288
220
2 496
133
1 320
979
501
120
8 055
25 000
299
11 573
21 817
49
35
6 152
53
4 956
87
5 311
588
1 629
15
2 940
20 449
1 457
3 027
5
200
11 195
49
150
3 174
1 192
42 629
446
1 085
143
575
646
5 317
3 324
1 756
974
1 056
632
534
455
10 207
4 421
4 191
3 103
3 764
72 005
4 757
272
174
248
211
1 328
98
1 657
431
238
100
7 050
25 604
160
13 444
25 458
58
96
8 116
52
5 426
212
4 572
639
2 390
12
3 885
16 221
803
4 569
68
205
8 878
48
254
261
1 137
41 289
440
1 510
175
507
760
4 223
3 312
1 391
825
996
373
738
475
12 224
3 496
3 460
2 811
3 573
71 664
4 582
158
181
234
273
1 339
76
1 411
450
367
92
6 930
472
0
54
10 333
0
7
32
1
140
399
4
57
6 207
0
3 486
4 929
0
1
9
2 822
7
0
0
2 087
2
3 297
0
3
6
0
21
0
0
4
31
2
7
202
2
7
2
2 503
502
4
73 619
7 226
54
809
1 173
1 934
18
58
351
1 263
280
1 286
9 536
300
0
13
16 879
0
317
188
127
61
368
20
112
10 939
0
4 748
10 029
0
9
0
6 499
162
0
5
3 205
149
3 478
0
42
0
21
20
0
40
21
2
65
13
122
5
13
391
1 752
872
98
105 761
45 586
16
2 524
1 407
6 201
720
239
3 341
14 121
500
16 518
9 565
275
0
19
16 996
5
367
106
232
53
400
16
95
9 752
0
5 969
8 350
0
5
0
5 090
88
0
54
2 978
135
5 274
0
19
0
7
22
0
24
49
50
34
8
95
4
9
227
3 500
1 082
142
134 690
69 463
11
2 855
2 624
6 312
3 286
550
4 612
22 315
911
25 987
10 495
311
0
22
17 153
0
82
126
225
65
156
22
124
9 465
0
6 886
10 372
0
4
1
4 889
653
0
6
4 422
398
6 303
0
0
0
9
48
0
37
14
45
42
16
15
6
48
32
4 375
1 477
138
118 369
46 756
39
3 533
1 957
6 576
2 034
342
5 399
14 001
800
12 075
12 067
0
702
210
8
330
0
1 716
113
14
161
0
1 001
69
13
131
0
868
105
13
101
0
1 975
23
0
277
0
1 000
282
0
608
0
1 909
227
0
472
0
2 472
246
0
723
64
77
75
70

Cereals
imports
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2008
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2008
thousand
tonnes
2009
thousand
tonnes
2010
731
0
1 012
0
1 218
0
1 177
0
205
0
137
0
86
0
99
0
78
102
314
373
339
600
553
116
393
478
212
551
7
141
1
1 140
1 615
1
1 319
1 797
0
1 334
1 403
1
0
182
3 128
20 628
403
0
489
47
0
1 164
0
8 465
193
0
2 734
0
0
343
6 573
164
0
305
3 345
28 985
422
0
643
207
0
1 613
0
8 897
153
105
3 579
0
40
428
12 715
184
0
250
3 230
29 724
395
0
590
60
0
1 306
0
9 663
115
137
3 644
0
26
416
13 196
176
0
349
3 007
28 300
420
0
670
86
0
1 514
0
10 859
90
105
3 581
0
23
442
10 239
270
0
1 478
5 429
4 697
0
0
51
359
0
282
0
2 179
0
0
111
0
0
79
1 330
3
0
1 070
3 711
4 828
0
0
7
266
0
459
0
1 521
41
3
161
0
805
101
1 459
4
0
940
3 745
6 325
0
0
28
701
0
877
0
1 238
26
13
193
0
2 045
163
1 039
3
0
1 019
4 769
6 905
0
0
71
505
0
684
0
1 593
0
5
172
0
2 315
245
1 313
3
17 026
444
5 968
1 664
3 446
0
54
0
4 906
544
926
308
55
253
0
541
138
35
321
31
16
13
3
11
0
0
0
0
0
65
2
1
38
0
0
15
0
7
1
0
29 039
843
7 467
2 063
6 983
0
75
0
10 846
762
1 514
740
202
538
0
695
184
43
406
44
17
16
6
10
0
0
0
0
0
63
1
1
43
0
0
11
0
7
0
0
30 473
1 286
7 081
1 613
8 591
0
82
0
11 175
644
1 291
587
226
361
0
606
127
43
370
48
18
20
6
14
0
0
0
0
0
77
1
2
36
0
0
33
0
6
1
0
31 853
1 549
7 508
1 943
8 438
0
90
0
11 633
692
1 386
625
208
417
0
660
135
47
394
66
19
14
0
14
0
0
0
0
0
86
1
1
40
0
0
36
0
8
0
0
52 161
981
2 766
32 746
14 392
0
61
0
1 214
1
21 862
21 850
21 826
24
0
12
11
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
45 782
1 190
3 164
28 865
10 761
0
78
0
1 722
3
12 428
12 402
12 377
25
0
26
26
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
48 407
1 211
2 492
29 722
13 063
0
74
0
1 839
6
18 719
18 693
18 678
15
0
25
25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
52 640
1 302
2 365
34 774
12 762
0
111
0
1 320
8
20 368
20 336
20 321
15
0
33
33
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
187
TABLE 38: Volumes of total oilseed trade and sugar and honey trade
Oilseeds
Sugar and honey
imports
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
188
exports
imports
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
68 961
1 035
35
1
0
0
0
2
5
0
6
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
6
8
4
9
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
769
3
381
30
322
124 745
2 933
185
1
0
0
0
13
60
2
19
2
0
5
0
8
1
0
6
17
4
46
5
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
2 568
37
1 808
1
279
67 741
1 090
191
0
0
0
1
38
1
1
3
0
0
19
0
0
0
0
7
18
12
91
9
0
1
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
302
0
12
23
0
121 569
1 374
589
0
0
0
0
296
11
1
54
0
0
59
0
0
0
0
16
87
48
16
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
166
0
27
0
0
49 823
5 150
866
2
2
14
9
24
119
32
8
41
0
238
0
8
3
152
64
136
4
11
259
91
52
9
26
30
48
2
1
2
2 325
845
443
167
563
70 235
10 440
1 601
14
7
136
45
180
299
97
4
24
0
76
0
50
2
133
147
161
7
219
608
276
83
23
64
4
152
5
1
1
4 798
1 368
1 153
176
805
51 314
4 478
1 099
5
0
0
0
71
20
1
48
502
0
69
0
0
0
0
2
16
88
278
35
0
1
0
0
32
0
0
2
0
593
0
217
0
136
73 122
3 506
1 781
0
0
87
0
1
39
25
98
592
0
326
0
0
0
0
105
46
320
142
55
0
11
0
0
40
4
0
0
0
623
25
512
0
50
2
31
5
438
267
0
139
0
30
278
938
359
238
2
26
10
185
1
2
1
178
4
36
1
0
2
1
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
19
0
94
5
2
6
77
4
81
1
5
1
0
6
2
0
1
1
5
0
5
35
0
53
2
0
0
38
12
536
120
27
50
0
27
48
13
4
0
13
0
5
199
0
167
12
0
0
154
1
452
24
133
44
0
9
33
2
0
0
23
0
4
166
0
207
56
27
72
38
14
1 492
19
11
34
14
84
134
59
11
12
95
206
52
706
0
491
90
31
51
309
10
2 941
52
34
16
13
153
379
103
27
23
87
199
68
1 479
0
2 641
2
0
6
1 686
947
109
0
3
81
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
806
2
0
1
448
355
241
10
0
8
0
37
83
0
9
0
0
0
38
0
0
1
0
3
20
0
0
3
0
27
11
0
2
24
13
19
126
13
168
15
0
2
1
0
53
TABLE 38: Volumes of total oilseed trade and sugar and honey trade (continued)
Oilseeds
imports
thousand
tonnes
2000
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Sugar and honey

exports
thousand
tonnes
2010
imports
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
9 718
7 884
0
0
253
1
0
26
0
268
9 566
7 597
0
0
43
0
0
23
0
8
52 491
18 652
0
0
4 662
0
0
0
0
409
101 796
46 264
0
0
13 959
0
0
0
0
173
7 015
1 908
0
3
19
56
11
30
0
12
11 324
4 966
0
3
52
4
13
34
0
17
17 989
16 436
0
0
388
27
0
55
133
23
39 704
36 000
0
0
544
0
0
9
106
81
825
0
0
85
353
236
23
0
0
0
7
7
0
0
0
0
5
1
0
2
0
0
5 413
0
1
1
13
57
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
85
0
0
16
203
1 835
0
691
0
0
1 144
32 943
106
33
0
0
0
74
172
0
0
82
365
253
152
0
0
1
3
5
0
0
0
0
17
10
0
3
0
0
6 033
0
0
32
15
198
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
16
0
0
22
140
1 970
0
578
0
0
1 392
80 495
27
13
2
0
0
12
11 520
0
0
9
0
2
0
0
0
0
28
3
0
0
0
0
20
2
0
1
0
0
45
0
52
0
1 820
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
75
33 840
0
5 482
0
0
28 358
1 856
103
27
5
0
35
35
25 916
0
0
19
0
25
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
24
1
0
1
0
0
14
0
77
24
4 040
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
1 981
3
55 533
0
11 173
0
0
44 359
1 993
130
72
2
1
47
8
32
0
1
266
31
13
2
0
7
32
27
15
0
0
5
0
15
8
130
16
96
0
423
0
7
6
10
182
0
0
2
13
0
8
0
17
87
0
0
106
205
5 107
2
1 735
0
0
3 370
18 741
920
369
12
39
98
401
39
0
1
502
200
32
4
0
3
30
81
16
0
0
7
0
30
12
192
27
125
0
2 278
0
12
10
33
244
0
0
2
8
0
9
0
24
101
0
0
121
691
6 358
1
1 572
0
0
4 784
28 065
1 469
436
72
245
117
599
6 589
0
0
16
1 248
183
3 590
0
0
333
33
415
0
0
0
0
1 529
330
0
70
169
0
802
0
190
67
17
45
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
88
0
0
10
51
1 552
0
354
0
0
1 198
10 588
20
5
13
0
0
2
28 173
0
0
19
925
228
548
0
0
370
32
576
0
0
0
0
2 085
198
0
156
94
0
1 176
0
442
31
63
131
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
9
0
3 704
0
593
0
0
3 110
12 428
31
24
7
0
0
0
189
Oilseeds
Sugar and honey
imports
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
190
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
25 108
54
1
15 755
53
66 977
40
1
59 318
26
833
25
0
807
0
7 548
3
1 695
3 934
3
9
1 438
0
764
1
294
67
1 357
0
1
1 669
0
435
0
7
604
0
76
537
10
2 125
3
0
3
14
1
2
624
27
5
28
3
22
1
58
122
1 153
14
46
25 016
455
22
12
68
25
101
1
68
120
11
26
2 479
6 122
0
1 470
5 230
1
0
1 993
0
726
0
299
40
1 899
0
271
2 642
0
380
1
42
950
0
76
1 184
9
5 620
6
23
13
3
6
4
606
29
14
42
1
5
9
466
625
2 852
898
17
31 689
2 560
33
59
172
120
369
25
483
1 214
52
34
2 742
0
291
4
0
217
1
imports
thousand
tonnes
2010
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
619
13
0
604
0
6 589
269
7
2 003
74
6 717
255
10
2 266
94
1 083
75
0
616
0
1 821
45
0
1 265
0
0
0
1
315
0
2
55
1
52
46
3
22
17
2
116
529
0
1
0
498
3
0
2
10
15
75
0
0
0
0
2
0
20
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
30
20
3
1
9 872
4 135
7
59
537
510
29
124
208
1 285
92
1 283
274
0
0
2
246
0
8
64
6
39
59
0
6
17
1
45
843
15
11
0
786
4
0
0
17
9
155
0
1
0
0
3
0
17
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
15
45
71
1
15 074
7 462
27
1 126
389
1 319
316
183
1 654
174
528
1 746
1 017
1 912
27
2 297
3 903
21
90
1 720
22
1 223
58
344
361
15
3
45
3 175
54
253
6
68
1 105
7
31
1 075
577
4 153
71
79
23
32
109
407
439
201
70
99
68
51
18
658
405
26
942
456
18 541
7 092
516
324
161
18
87
12
538
5 047
62
328
3 718
1 499
38
2 555
6 322
14
430
2 039
31
1 828
56
551
508
251
9
603
5 652
260
1 079
8
1 214
1 946
12
58
527
549
7 905
108
389
58
30
138
392
423
309
86
191
91
106
49
1 636
1 335
121
1 804
638
19 898
5 380
431
346
275
369
463
15
556
2 379
233
314
4 096
15
0
377
5 968
0
0
168
0
287
6
253
32
5 142
0
81
2 185
0
0
0
780
114
0
19
1 271
0
1 333
0
0
0
1
11
0
5
4
1
6
3
2
0
13
43
693
550
0
13 592
1 745
290
15
111
61
689
18
17
193
83
269
1 748
22
0
489
6 191
0
14
526
0
343
16
169
198
4 844
0
81
2 719
0
0
0
2 210
68
0
1
440
0
1 665
2
210
1
0
0
0
11
11
2
5
5
17
0
441
257
232
441
29
13 824
3 311
516
269
274
592
640
51
203
218
390
159
1 446
0
415
24
0
139
0
35
6
0
0
0
80
78
0
1
0
400
74
2
111
0
288
57
1
153
0
425
3
0
37
0
385
14
0
25
15
15
Oilseeds
Sugar and honey
imports
thousand
tonnes
2000
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
exports
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
imports
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
exports
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
46
0
83
0
3
0
6
0
353
0
382
0
88
0
45
0
7
49
431
77
78
439
9
66
3
195
284
0
13
10
282
110
83
226
31
113
4
13
121
3
0
200
1 233
5 858
4
0
0
36
0
357
0
1 073
7
0
937
0
0
14
3 418
6
0
166
1 321
8 041
1
0
118
36
0
382
0
2 129
1
1
1 340
0
88
285
3 650
9
0
11
140
368
0
0
0
29
0
201
0
37
0
0
9
0
0
1
80
0
0
43
329
986
0
0
0
95
0
172
0
159
0
0
69
0
68
291
130
1
0
139
2 320
2 375
60
0
77
52
0
137
0
670
24
0
426
0
0
60
792
42
0
192
2 588
4 392
52
0
199
104
0
384
0
1 600
32
16
567
0
24
119
1 186
110
0
112
934
1 301
0
0
0
5
0
42
0
698
0
0
91
0
0
51
403
2
0
180
660
1 881
0
0
74
207
0
170
0
352
0
0
268
0
410
59
336
3
16 224
228
2 550
706
6 062
0
6
0
6 532
141
249
244
201
44
0
5
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
18 345
551
3 456
1 755
6 507
0
5
0
6 012
60
61
56
33
22
0
6
1
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5 096
87
287
2 831
729
0
5
0
1 156
1
2 430
2 305
2 304
1
0
114
0
0
68
15
30
7
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
5 610
201
667
2 017
450
0
15
0
2 259
1
1 331
1 250
1 247
2
0
77
0
0
41
30
6
4
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
5 356
349
1 281
1 219
1 159
0
9
0
1 065
274
376
331
38
294
0
20
5
7
3
2
3
6
2
3
0
0
0
0
0
19
2
0
9
0
0
7
0
2
0
0
6 030
345
1 558
1 267
1 695
0
12
0
967
186
509
439
177
262
0
44
17
9
9
6
3
4
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
22
1
0
9
0
0
8
0
3
0
0
8 797
166
1 822
4 120
2 035
0
0
0
640
15
4 668
4 220
4 161
59
0
448
448
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7 186
276
1 173
2 529
2 199
0
1
0
984
24
3 660
3 452
3 384
68
0
208
208
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
191
TABLE 39: Volume of total meat and dairy products trade

Total meat
imports
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
192

imports
exports
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
23 441
778
29
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
16
0
5
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
181
81
16
0
0
19
19
5
41
0
235
19
206
3
3
37 239
1 753
74
0
14
3
0
0
0
1
0
14
0
15
0
0
4
0
1
2
1
20
533
316
2
0
0
30
95
18
71
2
428
47
335
24
10
24 359
118
23
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
1
0
0
39 530
189
19
0
0
0
0
12
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
3
0
1
69 329
4 870
347
5
2
43
15
8
15
22
8
129
0
36
0
4
8
5
2
24
12
8
209
20
49
3
5
46
41
2
43
1
2 803
1 553
728
157
254
97 406
7 376
406
7
3
14
0
22
32
24
31
123
0
26
0
6
5
2
7
20
28
55
318
35
75
1
13
51
93
0
49
2
4 292
2 170
1 107
367
329
72 861
357
68
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
1
59
5
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
71
0
18
0
10
104 142
459
79
0
0
0
1
6
39
0
6
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
20
1
6
1
4
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
184
2
135
0
20
0
4
3
9
9
1
2
3
44
68
242
77
2
42
0
27
217
3
6
32
171
5
117
57
0
10
3
2
22
2
1
5
0
3
0
0
0
322
8
8
11
290
5
396
118
0
19
11
5
133
9
1
15
1
7
0
46
0
84
21
0
33
22
7
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
105
47
0
23
35
0
57
55
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
430
148
6
37
180
60
1 080
29
46
124
23
25
89
40
3
7
66
31
31
428
0
289
72
6
20
170
21
2 071
39
38
153
41
119
163
53
6
9
60
159
67
881
0
142
0
0
4
130
7
71
0
0
60
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
118
0
0
0
117
0
75
0
0
15
0
0
4
0
0
0
1
0
2
3
0
2
1
8
9
8
11
0
0
0
1
0
1
122
2
13
252
6
24
5
0
3
28
0
22
TABLE 39: Volume of total meat and dairy products trade (continued)
Total meat
imports
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan

imports
exports
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
4 179
1 858
0
4
124
26
39
10
3
3
5 463
3 266
0
9
58
13
36
10
3
1
8 305
2 424
0
0
358
6
0
1
0
1
15 870
7 840
0
0
557
0
0
0
0
2
9 665
6 978
0
6
52
75
40
23
19
68
8 201
6 222
0
6
58
24
27
24
14
23
5 610
2 066
0
0
1 141
37
0
0
0
19
12 069
3 620
0
0
1 822
0
0
1
0
42
67
0
3
119
39
4
69
0
4
4
2
18
0
0
7
0
28
12
19
16
42
0
1 081
0
4
14
2
15
0
0
4
14
0
5
0
7
16
0
0
8
7
2 320
6
482
0
0
1 832
7 650
89
32
2
27
9
18
40
0
4
262
65
14
224
0
5
27
10
45
0
0
7
0
106
2
57
36
76
0
1 584
0
9
27
4
33
0
0
5
14
0
9
0
22
35
0
0
17
378
2 197
9
634
0
0
1 554
11 820
347
208
101
28
3
7
1 550
0
0
48
2
23
0
0
0
0
5
5
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
1
0
0
81
0
31
5
51
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
247
1
5 881
0
1 187
0
0
4 694
2 568
1
1
0
0
0
0
6 136
0
0
246
8
28
0
0
0
1
0
10
0
0
0
0
24
0
0
6
1
0
197
0
109
7
219
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
283
0
8 029
0
1 721
0
0
6 309
3 736
1
0
1
0
0
0
1 562
1
2
187
133
33
343
0
9
109
5
181
0
0
9
0
207
55
58
101
97
0
2 311
0
74
65
23
281
0
0
4
16
0
6
0
5
127
0
0
3
649
2 687
7
728
0
0
1 952
17 306
249
160
1
1
22
64
711
0
3
129
37
33
241
0
11
89
8
190
0
0
8
0
271
43
78
69
67
0
2 548
0
29
93
24
304
0
0
3
11
0
9
0
14
138
0
0
8
854
1 979
6
620
0
1
1 352
27 617
441
394
20
7
5
15
17
0
0
86
79
44
0
0
0
0
8
6
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
11
2
0
108
0
67
18
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
401
4
3 544
0
656
0
0
2 888
1 984
12
2
9
0
0
1
170
0
0
273
20
137
0
0
0
1
10
8
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
23
4
0
177
0
193
8
4
136
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
579
0
8 449
0
371
0
0
8 078
5 762
89
16
73
0
0
0
193
Total meat
imports
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Singapore
Thailand
Philippines
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
194

imports
exports
exports
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
5 856
1 400
16
1 206
2
6 823
1 905
41
1 290
0
1 701
862
0
783
0
1 898
946
0
897
0
5 225
779
19
2 245
1
9 151
657
40
6 178
10
490
303
0
163
0
227
81
0
112
0
2 696
0
536
598
4
0
54
0
172
0
203
2
157
5
0
37
0
0
0
0
31
3
0
0
3
1 070
26
23
29
6
21
0
80
37
81
30
8
42
32
453
0
2
135
65
10 642
1 680
40
52
45
61
60
8
74
1 280
28
31
2 090
2 782
5
800
1 581
7
0
120
0
223
24
274
8
311
5
609
343
41
0
5
1
281
10
0
4
2
2 725
54
24
63
20
60
287
95
123
202
71
13
100
131
898
23
52
398
112
17 849
4 519
91
210
372
205
632
20
328
2 226
195
241
3 455
5
17
34
501
0
0
6
0
10
0
7
403
1
0
74
312
0
0
0
300
7
0
0
4
0
52
0
0
0
4
1
0
9
2
2
0
1
1
0
25
0
5
2
0
10 909
794
40
14
34
290
202
14
8
20
3
168
2 872
14
15
26
753
0
0
6
0
37
0
19
670
11
0
11
742
0
0
0
676
26
0
1
36
3
341
0
2
2
8
1
0
13
58
1
8
0
1
2
54
9
152
30
0
17 212
2 187
244
55
120
372
1 165
3
88
28
71
41
3 416
1 677
4
500
6 749
23
27
1 092
13
1 293
126
756
1 140
1 714
8
559
1 093
2
286
8
61
175
18
4
81
458
3 990
36
49
103
37
32
476
83
156
273
280
17
221
140
1 105
138
109
463
273
36 946
1 934
60
76
112
116
401
4
75
1 007
68
14
4 606
1 540
5
721
9 012
17
13
2 075
14
1 455
83
1 604
986
1 575
6
1 184
2 461
82
532
20
390
519
31
30
289
569
6 551
42
146
175
65
53
283
93
263
323
312
36
591
284
1 930
298
216
1 074
368
53 269
6 346
105
423
712
542
785
29
418
2 796
438
98
7 780
16
0
8
800
0
9
248
0
132
0
252
98
58
0
3
153
0
0
0
137
10
0
4
1
1
529
1
0
1
18
18
0
5
13
10
1
3
135
1
259
10
25
30
1
50 672
4 033
497
42
733
204
997
29
18
686
155
672
10 323
16
0
18
1 503
0
0
177
0
255
0
641
182
232
0
15
861
0
0
0
333
447
0
4
75
1
3 082
2
0
88
40
3
0
13
55
30
6
1
95
0
2 068
216
184
239
41
67 670
8 451
2 331
136
1 295
418
3 053
6
65
172
387
588
12 074
0
180
61
3
31
0
346
54
4
73
0
1 473
30
0
26
0
1 636
31
0
49
0
482
117
4
110
0
1 017
75
4
313
0
2 321
219
0
775
0
2 999
321
0
920
Total meat
imports
thousand
tonnes
2000
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu

imports
exports
exports
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
thousand
tonnes
2000
thousand
tonnes
2010
126
0
233
0
765
0
777
0
645
0
792
0
3 285
0
3 288
0
28
15
8
76
104
14
1
24
4
24
71
5
45
253
19
157
360
52
86
594
125
350
897
84
0
113
1 525
2 875
25
0
32
33
0
729
0
1 441
14
0
215
0
0
28
306
38
0
305
2 246
3 453
46
0
42
82
0
444
0
1 842
21
34
300
0
13
78
488
62
0
35
512
1 072
0
0
1
10
0
17
0
376
0
0
17
0
0
3
636
2
0
79
739
2 187
0
0
10
23
0
33
0
591
0
1
66
0
14
44
1 398
7
0
218
2 711
9 091
15
0
66
161
0
894
0
5 468
41
0
397
0
0
67
1 919
30
0
863
4 147
12 337
26
0
129
160
0
1 381
0
6 734
41
55
681
0
80
208
2 750
92
0
366
2 550
2 766
2
0
2
32
0
134
0
1 069
3
0
408
0
0
150
957
3
0
735
2 470
4 911
0
0
68
63
0
267
0
2 223
0
0
678
0
72
309
1 228
4
3 998
174
353
1 158
1 655
0
26
0
534
96
193
80
45
35
0
63
16
9
37
0
1
7
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
43
3
1
23
0
0
9
0
7
0
0
6 422
340
509
1 497
2 353
0
34
0
1 578
111
354
229
177
52
0
70
9
17
39
3
3
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
55
1
2
28
0
0
12
0
11
1
0
6 172
202
1 184
1 700
1 044
0
7
0
2 033
2
2 459
2 456
1 599
857
0
2
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9 422
447
1 506
1 518
3 095
0
9
0
2 844
4
2 523
2 521
1 620
900
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21 315
548
4 435
4 685
5 025
0
87
0
6 298
237
542
389
337
52
1
93
35
28
26
2
2
13
10
2
0
0
1
0
0
47
5
2
29
0
0
6
0
5
0
0
26 805
871
4 891
4 768
8 358
0
312
0
7 291
314
945
756
644
112
0
135
65
39
25
3
3
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
52
2
2
36
0
0
7
0
4
1
0
33 551
1 118
4 633
9 809
10 477
0
194
0
6 853
467
14 238
14 237
5 580
8 658
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
42 233
1 695
5 113
10 327
14 678
0
445
0
8 992
983
18 183
18 180
3 422
14 758
0
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
195
TABLE 40: Value of fish trade

Fish
imports
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
196
exports
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2008
million
US$
2009
million
US$
2010
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2008
million
US$
2009
million
US$
2010
60 089
957
88
0
0
2
0
0
5
7
1
42
108 034
3 053
478
0
1
10
0
2
6
27
2
304
99 712
3 346
441
0
3
17
0
1
7
18
3
235
111 349
3 266
469
0
3
17
0
1
8
27
2
234
55 750
2 697
459
0
0
2
0
39
37
0
37
101 897
4 792
1 004
0
0
0
1
0
76
160
0
281
96 108
4 648
998
0
0
0
2
0
57
115
0
285
39
40
36
100
77
66
109 605
5 031
1 124
0
0
0
2
0
64
113
0
265
0
57
0
11
0
0
0
2
9
104
16
28
0
0
21
26
3
10
0
214
12
171
9
9
2
64
4
1
4
9
5
448
114
178
2
0
30
89
16
18
0
603
30
378
48
75
5
87
6
1
4
8
6
446
97
243
3
0
5
51
25
20
0
768
54
476
52
116
6
88
6
1
6
12
21
412
105
188
4
0
8
60
26
20
0
797
50
500
52
123
113
2
29
95
0
4
29
11
1
0
0
2
1
2
13
0
1 054
4
1
12
950
0
97
4
119
185
1
1
20
9
1
0
0
1
0
0
7
0
1 943
13
11
23
1 697
0
210
3
109
146
1
2
15
9
2
1
215
3
129
268
2
3
15
9
3
0
1
1
0
2
0
1 726
8
14
5
1 548
0
1
1
0
2
0
1 723
7
15
5
1 539
1
12
2
71
5
67
5
67
0
86
0
199
0
150
0
157
112
11
9
24
59
8
439
9
1
132
1
0
84
8
0
3
2
0
1
182
0
297
13
3
39
239
4
1 226
32
6
398
3
1
129
4
2
6
8
0
1
618
0
331
9
2
56
261
3
1 361
29
9
364
3
1
121
9
1
3
9
0
1
795
0
311
13
2
52
241
3
1 277
27
9
289
2
1
146
9
2
3
12
1
2
740
0
556
0
1 157
0
1 349
0
283
270
3
599
1
0
129
1
4
78
2
3
0
0
87
2
12
4
1 096
0
0
577
519
0
730
0
1
199
3
3
44
5
2
1
0
149
0
75
13
714
442
0
753
0
1
170
15
5
54
9
3
1
0
126
0
101
9
783
566
0
819
1
1
24
38
7
15
9
3
1
0
140
0
324
10
2
4
12
3
3
11
1
4
10
6
4
24
260
11
3
223
10
2
242
10
5
233
10
4
TABLE 40: Value of fish trade (continued)

Fish
imports
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
exports
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2008
million
US$
2009
million
US$
2010
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2008
million
US$
2009
million
US$
2010
12 931
1 083
20 179
3 172
18 792
2 910
21 367
3 592
13 090
6 943
21 089
12 549
19 064
11 339
20 501
11 647
4
84
10
15
11
3
9
7
100
15
22
20
2
10
6
98
15
21
18
1
10
6
125
16
20
18
1
10
0
806
0
108
1
32
0
0
1 310
0
83
1
24
0
0
1 148
0
65
0
26
0
0
1 346
0
75
1
16
0
324
690
722
1 057
239
274
197
218
1
48
75
20
43
3
251
240
61
66
3
114
228
55
43
3
255
260
50
26
0
1 794
191
118
87
0
3 931
240
127
80
0
3 606
209
116
46
0
3 401
180
105
60
2
53
2
9
0
2
117
233
29
0
2
126
225
77
0
2
138
228
43
0
0
3
587
27
112
0
4
1 755
120
134
0
4
1 611
94
93
0
7
1 810
78
100
8
2
6
16
52
37
1
22
27
103
44
2
27
21
89
75
2
27
27
90
35
51
4
189
10
78
68
5
186
9
87
53
5
153
7
98
49
5
169
10
143
0
7
15
2
16
591
0
7
32
4
72
385
0
6
33
4
79
530
0
7
37
6
163
707
828
803
773
128
257
0
1 129
127
410
0
2 423
108
381
0
2 209
137
194
0
2 532
3
5
3
8
4
6
4
6
0
0
0
0
6
7
2
5
27
2
4
29
4
6
28
4
41
11
4
53
10
7
72
10
6
31
11
5
12
57
11 848
7
1 388
1
0
10 451
23 805
23
20
2
0
0
1
51
290
17 008
6
2 046
3
0
14 952
32 918
92
77
7
1
2
4
51
338
15 882
7
2 013
4
0
13 858
30 607
78
66
8
1
2
2
62
240
17 775
11
2 264
4
0
15 496
35 468
70
56
9
1
2
2
110
153
6 147
0
2 818
266
7
3 055
19 475
13
12
0
208
28
8 539
0
3 706
361
9
4 463
34 919
85
83
0
176
14
7 725
0
3 240
335
5
4 145
34 096
88
86
0
186
11
8 854
0
3 847
340
5
4 661
40 581
95
93
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
2
197

Fish
imports
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
198
exports
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2008
million
US$
2009
million
US$
2010
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2008
million
US$
2009
million
US$
2010
21 217
1 949
14
2 343
13
26 310
2 414
53
5 881
84
24 398
2 546
60
5 745
94
28 346
3 041
70
7 057
94
8 191
552
4
5 359
87
15 159
459
3
11 666
46
15 232
433
3
11 803
60
18 784
452
1
14 724
63
15 513
0
1 385
1 871
15
3
95
2
297
2
109
533
782
14 947
1
2 928
4 698
12
2
196
4
582
5
147
899
2 400
1
449
245
13 258
1
2 694
4 326
11
5
230
4
672
6
192
807
1 979
1
419
257
14 892
1
3 191
4 852
11
4
316
4
777
6
134
951
2 140
1
507
299
802
0
1 388
8 860
0
34
1 584
0
349
184
407
452
4 367
1 698
0
1 287
15 970
2
25
2 473
0
795
561
645
386
6 532
0
4 550
2 712
1 583
0
1 349
14 829
0
30
2 247
0
655
483
569
307
6 236
0
4 301
3 092
1 945
0
1 597
17 133
0
3
2 562
0
825
497
639
371
7 128
0
5 109
3 569
17
2
59
34
8
3
2
131
1 548
8
16
14
78
32
23
227
86
80
98
13
32
50
223
60
187
313
9
45 690
4 669
298
72
202
65
1 198
40
194
1 991
68
541
11 290
17
3
54
68
11
3
2
141
1 901
6
11
16
80
36
23
306
80
80
114
11
32
60
383
59
242
348
14
49 732
5 263
277
70
212
74
1 491
43
183
2 373
81
457
12 436
343
537
0
1 624
58
124
516
510
6
6
109
41
52
87
5
21 775
868
81
12
74
39
298
4
30
190
29
111
5 732
10
2
58
37
9
2
2
126
1 573
9
11
17
100
46
44
246
79
76
87
11
32
41
223
41
199
302
10
50 538
5 469
340
74
228
75
1 255
49
212
2 422
72
742
12 609
51
2
8
0
91
68
21
18 596
1 870
19
7
26
5
243
0
3
1 523
2
42
10 138
193
175
994
5
6
19
43
7
0
21
5
2
4
0
83
2
65
0
435
89
207
38 809
4 116
138
25
105
2
1 178
0
2
2 619
8
39
19 519
2 015
76
75
0
228
181
855
4
6
16
14
5
0
22
7
3
6
0
87
3
71
1
342
77
190
36 112
3 706
98
25
85
3
1 108
0
5
2 317
5
61
18 741
2 433
155
71
0
228
172
1 000
8
1
15
17
10
0
22
5
3
3
0
128
4
122
0
357
97
210
40 941
4 506
113
33
99
9
1 325
0
14
2 848
10
55
21 613
1 806
31
17
116
3 111
134
31
347
2 735
95
24
346
3 004
101
24
396
2 756
78
407
17
4 601
148
675
48
3 981
140
665
46
4 183
184
675
43
67
110
74
86
1 229
2 089
1 726
1 842
34
128
3
16
36
0
0
73
566
4
1
5
30
1
0
128
22
26
44
1 481
2 135
1 417
50
41
0
150
135
276
0
4
10
6
0
0
7
2
5
0

Fish
imports
million
US$
2000
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
million
US$
2008
exports
million
US$
2009
million
US$
2010
million
US$
2000
million
US$
2008
million
US$
2009
million
US$
2010
110
252
227
239
306
494
454
493
37
56
598
145
283
1 211
118
291
1 169
134
346
1 074
50
34
3 533
217
288
6 937
171
328
7 073
173
383
8 819
709
2 184
7 162
5
2 765
4 220
15 719
26
2 617
3 594
13 700
27
3 317
3 714
14 775
29
469
1 259
2 544
5
1 902
2 121
5 960
29
2 038
2 119
5 404
32
2 674
2 144
5 952
36
12
38
40
142
37
104
34
104
0
44
13
150
13
165
12
136
276
785
709
654
228
652
666
721
2 535
17
5 060
50
13
1 582
5 420
42
13
1 794
373
8
861
5 453
54
16
1 885
281
793
94
0
729
702
21
1
626
705
89
1
911
26
3 352
8
106
89
7 101
23
102
83
5 908
24
69
80
6 512
24
6
1 597
0
8
26
3 465
1
6
27
3 143
1
5
25
3 310
1
8 014
160
1 028
2 984
2 262
16 740
461
2 273
5 836
4 502
16 031
442
1 940
5 579
4 571
17 258
452
2 007
5 975
5 026
4 045
9
469
1 096
1 102
9 213
40
1 256
2 011
2 472
8 261
45
1 067
1 598
2 373
8 870
52
1 128
1 639
2 454
65
101
98
101
23
17
18
19
1 161
354
621
572
518
54
2 920
649
1 346
1 223
1 101
122
2 774
627
1 276
1 160
1 058
102
3 032
665
1 516
1 373
1 251
122
1 344
3
1 892
1 669
1 003
666
3 394
24
2 288
1 843
949
894
3 138
22
2 188
1 726
824
902
3 558
21
2 551
2 014
942
1 072
27
8
6
11
0
1
3
90
41
16
28
3
2
6
83
38
11
28
3
3
7
109
60
16
28
3
3
7
172
34
19
58
12
50
34
326
89
28
139
19
52
104
344
90
24
160
19
52
94
403
153
19
158
23
49
96
0
0
2
0
1
3
1
2
4
1
2
4
4
3
27
9
67
27
15
54
24
16
56
24
0
19
1
27
1
26
1
27
0
17
1
15
0
25
0
37
0
9
1
19
1
19
1
18
0
6
3
3
6
6
6
7
13
1
0
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
2
0
4
0
10
0
199
PART
Sustainability dimensions
Agriculture including crops, livestock, forest, fisheries and aquaculture is the main human activity responsible for natural resource
management at the local and regional levels. Thirty percent of the
earths land is used for crops and pastures, and 70 percent of all abstracted freshwater is directed towards irrigation to produce the food
that people and livestock need for a stable food supply. The results of
such large-scale utilization of land and water resources are increasingly threatening environments.
Indiscriminate use of fertilizers and other chemicals can lead to significant pollution of air, water and soils, putting at risk pristine terrestrial and marine ecosystems downstream, and human health. For
instance, agriculture is the main source of nitrate and ammonia pollution in both ground- and surface water and is a major contributor
to phosphate pollution of waterways.
Emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from agriculture, forestry and
other land uses contribute significantly to the threat of global warming. The land sectors are responsible for nearly 30 percent of all
human-induced GHG emissions into the atmosphere, a contribution

comparable to that of the energy sector and far exceeding total emissions from transportation. Crop and livestock production alone is responsible for half of the methane and two-thirds of the nitrous oxide
emitted into the atmosphere by human activity.
Such negative impacts on air, soils and water have, in turn, a negative
impact on agricultural production and human well-being. Increased
soil salinity, aquifer depletion and land degradation reduce achievable yields, thus putting at risk farmers ability to bridge production
gaps and improve food security. Deforestation and unsustainable forest management lead to ecosystem degradation, with negative repercussions on the overall potential for a wide range of ecosystem services. Waste and nitrogen loads in aquaculture ponds, or genetic pollution of marine resources reduce resilience of the underlying natural systems without which aquaculture and marine resources cannot
function.
However, it is increasingly recognized that with proper management,
agricultural sectors have crucial positive externalities. In addition to
food and fibre, these benefits include the provision of environmental
services and amenities through water storage and purification, carbon sequestration and the maintenance of rural landscapes. In this
context, research-driven sustainable pathways to agricultural intensification can save vast areas of natural forest and grasslands that
would be developed in the absence of higher crop, meat and milk
yields.
Both new and traditional demands for produce increase the pressure on scarce agricultural resources. While the agriculture sector
will be forced to compete for land and water with expanding urban
settlements and industrial zones, it will also be required to meet the
growing demands of the emerging bio-based economy, increasingly
through bioenergy and new emerging markets for renewable and sustainable industrial products.
Although agriculture will continue to be a major user of land and
water, it will need to seek new ways of maintaining these resources
to stay viable, and to minimize negative impacts on ecosystems and
human well-being. Ensuring adequate food and water for all while
achieving sustainable rural development hinges on renewed stewardship for the responsible management of natural resources, and
therefore on a fully sustainable agriculture system.
Key Resources
The State of the Worlds Forests (SOFO)
The State of the Worlds Forests reports on the status of forests, recent major policy and institutional
developments and key issues concerning the forest sector. It makes current, reliable and policyrelevant information widely available to facilitate
informed discussion and decision-making with regard to the worlds forests.
2012: The role of forests in human history
State of the Worlds Forests
2011: Changing pathways, changing lives: forests

as multiple pathways to sustainable development
2009: Society, forests and forestry: adapting for the
future
Publication cycle: Biennial
Webpage: www.fao.org/forestry/sofo/en/
The State of the Worlds Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture (SOLAW)
The State of the Worlds Land and Water Resources
for Food and Agriculture analyses a variety of options for overcoming constraints and improving resource management in these areas of heightened
risk. By 2050, food production is projected to increase by about 70 percent globally and nearly 100
percent in developing countries. This incremental demand for food, together with demand from
other competing uses, will place unprecedented
pressure on many agricultural production systems
across the world. These "systems at risk" are facing
growing competition for land and water resources
and they are often constrained by unsustainable
agricultural practices. They therefore require particular attention and specific remedial action.
2011: Managing systems at risk
Webpage: www.fao.org/nr/solaw/en/
Land and Forestry
Forests, other wooded land and trees outside of forests can

have important economic and social uses at the national
level and/or for forest-dependent communities. Proper management of these resources is essential, to ensure that production and harvesting do not compromise these valuable
options for future generations and the overall sustainability
of forests over time. Good management includes monitoring
removals of wood and non-wood forest products, designating forest areas for production and forest planting, and supporting afforestation and reforestation. The charts in this
section highlight some of these trends towards sustainable
forest management.
0.25
0.37
-0.16
-0.06
French Polynesia
Bahrain
4
Puerto Rico
Egypt
W
or
ld
ni
a
Oc
ea
ro
pe
Eu
As
ia
Am
er
ic
a
-4
Af
ric
At the same time, afforestation and natural expansion of

forests in some countries and areas have significantly reduced the net loss of forest area at the global level. The net
change in forest area over the period 20002009 was estimated at -5.2 million ha per year, down by 35 percent per
year in the prior decade. However, most of the loss of forest continued to take place in countries and areas in tropical
regions, while most of the gain took place in temperate and
boreal zones.
-0.25
Iceland
percent
Changes in land cover have caused the most pressing environmental issue in recent decades. Deforestation and landuse intensification, especially their impact on soil degradation, are at the heart of the issue. However, in much of
the world, the current picture of land-cover change shows
a continuing slowdown in the conversion of forests to areas for crop or livestock production and a steady growth
of protected areas. At the global level, deforestation has
decreased from an estimated 16 million ha per year in the
1990s to about 13 million ha per year in the last decade.
-0.49
CHART 92: Forest characteristics (2010)
Other naturally
regenerated forest
Primary forest
Planted forest
100
75
percent
Forests play an essential role in mitigating climate change

and providing products and ecosystem services that are essential to the prosperity of humankind. The latest estimate
of the worlds total forest area is more than 4 billion ha, corresponding to about 30 percent of total land area or an average of 0.6 ha per capita of human population. The five
most forest-rich countries the Russian Federation, Brazil,
Canada, the United States of America and China account
for more than half of the planets total forest area. Ten countries or areas have no forest at all, and an additional 54 have
forest on less than 10 percent of their total land area.
CHART 91: Annual growth rate in forest area

(1990-2009)
50
25
Source: FAO, Forestry Department.
204
W
or
ld
ni
a
Oc
ea
e
op
Eu
r
ia
As
er
ic
as
Am
Af
ric
a
SUSTAINABILITY DIMENSIONS
MAP 54: Global distribution of risks associated with main agricultural production systems
Source: FAO, Land and Water Division.
MAP 55: Forest area as share of total land area (percent, 2009)
No data available
0 ~ < 7.1
7.1 ~ < 22
22 ~ < 36
36 ~ < 53
53 ~ 98.36
205
On average, global production of the main forest products

was between 1 and 4 percent higher in 2011 than in 2010.
This shows that countries are slowly coming out of recession. For example, production of wood-based panels and
paper in 2011 was above the pre-crisis levels of 2007 and
appeared to be growing relatively strongly in most regions.
On the other hand, global production of industrial roundwood despite a 3 percent increase from 2010 has not
yet reached its pre-crisis levels.
China is increasing its importance as a producer of forest

products, becoming the worlds second largest producer of
sawnwood. The United States of America is the largest, with
Canada in third place. China has also increased its lead over
all other countries as a producer of wood-based panels, paper and paperboard. In 2011, China produced 11 percent of
the worlds sawnwood, 38 percent of panels and 26 percent
of paper.
As the largest importer of industrial roundwood, sawnwood,
pulp and wastepaper, and the largest exporter of woodbased panels, China also plays a key role in international
trade in forest products. It is the fifth largest importer of
paper and paperboard, despite a huge increase in domestic
production since 2007. In 2011, Chinas imports of all forest products amounted to US$43 billion, accounting for 16
percent of the global total.
Sawnwood
300
200
100
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
CHART 94: Production of selected forest products

(1970-2011)
The structure of production and trade in the Russian Federation, the country with the most forest cover in the world, also
changed between 2007 and 2011, with industrial roundwood exports declining by 29 million m3 or nearly 60 percent and sawnwood production increasing by 3 million m3
(8 percent). Over the same period, the Russian Federation
increased its sawnwood exports by 13 percent.
Wood pulp
Paper and paperboard
Recovered paper
400
300
million tonnes
A high proportion of Russian industrial roundwood exports

previously went to China. This share fell between 2007 and
2009 because of log export restrictions in the Russian Federation. Nevertheless, Chinese imports of industrial roundwood have recovered, and several other major producing
countries, including the United States of America, Canada
and New Zealand, have expanded their exports to China.
Wood-based panels
400
million m3
In the markets for pulp and paper, overall growth was very
modest over the period 20072011, with a growth trend of
about 1 percent per year. However, this overall result conceals major differences at the regional level, with pulp and
paper production and consumption increasing significantly
in the Asia and the Pacific region, but generally declining in
Europe and Northern America.
CHART 93: Production of selected forest products

(1970-2011)
200
Further reading
100

UN International Year of Forests 2011 (www.fao.org/

forestry/iyf2011/en/)
FAO Land degradation assessment (www.fao.org/nr/land/
1970
1980
1990
degradation/en/)
Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 (www.fao.org/

forestry/fra/fra2010/en/)
206
2000
2010
MAP 56: Roundwood production (thousand m3 , 2011)
No data available
0 ~ < 1.2
1.2 ~ < 210
210 ~ < 4 610
4 610 ~ < 12 800
12 800 ~ 331 969
CHART 95: Top five exporters of forest products, 2011

ranking (2000 and 2011)
2000
CHART 96: Top five importers of forest products, 2011

ranking (2000 and 2011)
2011
2000
2011
40
30
billion US$
billion US$
20
20
10
10
Un
i
of ted
Am St
er ates
ic
a
pa
n
Ja
rm
Ge
Ita
ly
y
an
a
in
Ch
en
Un
i
of ted
Am St
er ates
ic
a
Sw
ed
Ge
rm
d
an
nl
Fi
ad
Ca
n
an
y
0
a
207
Water
A very small proportion of the planets water is available for
human use. Of the 2.5 percent of the worlds water that is
freshwater, more than two-thirds is locked in glaciers, ice
caps and permafrost, about one-third is groundwater. The
remaining 1.3 percent of the worlds total freshwater is surface water in rivers, lakes and swamps and in other forms
such as ice and snow.
Global demand for water has risen sharply over the last century. Total annual water withdrawal (for agriculture, industries and municipalities) rose from less than 600 km3 /year
at the beginning of the twentieth century, to 1 350 km3 /year
in the middle of the century and more than 3 800 km3 /year
by the beginning of the twenty-first.
Precipitation provides some of the water needed by crops
to satisfy their transpiration requirements. The soil, acting
as a buffer, stores part of precipitation water as soil moisture, returning it to the crops in times of deficit. In humid
climates, this mechanism is usually sufficient to ensure satisfactory growth in rainfed agriculture. In arid climates or
during the dry season, irrigation is required to compensate
for the deficit resulting from insufficient or erratic precipitation.
CHART 97: Freshwater withdrawal by agricultural

sector, shares of total, top 20 countries (2000-2010*)
Countries with
highest values
Somalia
Afghanistan
Nepal
Guyana
Madagascar
Sudan (former)
Swaziland
Turkmenistan
Viet Nam
Eritrea
Bhutan
Cambodia
Pakistan
Kyrgyzstan
Mauritania
Ethiopia
Lao Peoples Dem. Republic
Senegal
Suriname
0
Today, irrigated agriculture accounts for about 70 percent of

freshwater withdrawals throughout the world. Irrigation has
been crucial for gains in food production. It reduces drought
risk and encourages crop diversification, thus enhancing rural incomes.
Increasing water productivity is therefore critical in many
countries. It is also more generally necessary, to prevent
the overextraction of groundwater, increase the infiltration
of rainwater into soils, and reduce the deterioration of water quality owing to waterlogging and salinization. Some of
these negative phenomena are fuelled by agricultural intensification, which affects water availability through increased
contamination of ground- and surface water from fertilizers,
pesticides and animal wastes.
Irrigation mismanagement can also contribute to waterlogging and salinization. Waterlogged soil results from overirrigation and inadequate drainage. It restricts plant growth
and often precedes salinization. Generally, salinization results from the build-up of dissolved solids in soils, and can
also occur in rainfed areas with inherently susceptible soils.
Climate change makes solving these problems even more
urgent. Appropriate measures can be implemented to limit
the overextraction, waterlogging and salinization that can
lead to considerable losses of irrigated land and result in
unsustainably high operating costs.
Further reading
FAO Water (www.fao.org/nr/water/)

FAO AQUASTAT (www.fao.org/nr/aquastat/)
208
25
50
75
100
percent
CHART 98: Freshwater withdrawal by industrial sector,

shares of total, top 20 countries (2000-2010*)
Countries with
highest values
Estonia
Lithuania
Belgium
Netherlands
Germany
Hungary
Slovenia
Serbia
Austria
Belize
Finland
France
Canada
Bulgaria
Macedonia
Romania
Russian Federation
Poland
Sweden
Switzerland
0
25
50
percent
75
100
MAP 57: Total water withdrawal per capita (m3 /cap/year, 2000-2010*)
No data available
12 ~ < 120
120 ~ < 260
260 ~ < 490
490 ~ < 820
820 ~ 5 415
MAP 58: Freshwater resources withdrawn by agriculture (share, 2000-2010*)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.2
0.2 ~ < 1.1
1.1 ~ < 6
6 ~ < 22
22 ~ 2 460
209
Biodiversity
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CHART 100: Terrestrial protected areas, share of total

land area (1990 and 2009)
1990
15
10
FAO/INFOODS: Nutrition and Biodiversity (www.fao.org/

infoods/infoods/food-biodiversity/en/)
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biodiversity/2010-international-year-of-biodiversity)
2009
Eu
FAO Biodiversity (www.fao.org/biodiversity)
er
Further reading
Plant
species
Am
To achieve sustainable increases in productivity, and provide a sounder ecological basis for agriculture, a large reservoir of genetic and species diversity needs to be maintained
and sustainably used. Many traditional livestock farmers use
herds or flocks of several species and breeds as a strategy
for maintaining high diversity. Species combinations also
enhance productivity in aquatic systems. Crop rotations, intercropping, alley farming and the use of several varieties of
a single crop have all been shown to have beneficial effects
on crop performance, nutrient availability, pest and disease
control and water management. Ensuring diversity will help
maintain and rehabilitate productive ecosystems, to supply
future generations with abundant food and agriculture. Continuing to expand protected areas will also play a major role.
Mammal
species
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The intensification of agricultural production is putting biodiversity at risk. The conservation and sustainable use of
biodiversity for food and agriculture play a critical role in
the fight against hunger by ensuring environmental sustainability while increasing food and agriculture production. It
is imperative to harvest resources sustainably, without compromising the natural capital including biodiversity and
ecosystem services while capitalizing on biological processes.
Fish
species
Af
Much of the human population lives in areas where food production and nature coexist. Agricultures main impacts on
biodiversity are varied. For instance, the expansion of agriculture can lead to losses of natural wildlife habitat and a
reduction in the area of natural forests and wetlands, resulting in an attendant loss of species. It can also cause a general decline in the species richness of forests, pastures and
field margins, and the reduction of wild genetic resources
related to domesticated crops and livestock.
Bird
species
thousand species
Different varieties of the same species have statistically different nutrient contents. The nutrient content measured at
the subspecies level should therefore be among the criteria used to decide which cultivars to promote to decrease
micronutrient deficiencies.
CHART 99: Species threatened (2011)
percent
Biodiversity concerns the degree of variation of life forms

within a given ecosystem and serves as a measure of the
health of the environment. Biodiversity for food and agriculture includes the components of biological diversity that are
essential for feeding human populations and improving the
quality of life. It applies to the genetic, species and ecosystem levels and includes the variety and variability of ecosystems, animals, plants and microorganisms that are necessary
to sustain human life and the key functions of ecosystems. It
is the result of thousands of years of farming and breeding
activities, land and forest utilization, and fisheries and aquaculture activities, combined with millions of years of natural
selection.
MAP 59: Terrestrial protected areas (share of total land area, 2009)
No data available
0 ~ < 2.5
2.5 ~ < 6.9
6.9 ~ < 13
13 ~ < 20
20 ~ 60.2
MAP 60: Marine protected areas (share of territorial waters, 2009)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.12
0.12 ~ < 0.85
0.85 ~ < 3.1
3.1 ~ < 11
11 ~ 100
211
0.4
Agri-environmental indicators are quantitative tools that

help assess and quantify the status of and trends in the environmental performance of agriculture, facilitating the identification of effective management solutions and policy measures for avoiding potential damage, including soil and water degradation, air pollution and loss of biodiversity.
The indicators show considerable expansion of irrigated

agricultural areas over the last decade, especially in developing countries, with the agriculture sector using the most
water in most regions. Fertilizer consumption is increasing worldwide, although use is much lower in Africa than
in other regions. Positive trends are also apparent; for instance, the share of area protected for environmental reasons has increased considerably in several countries over
the last 20 years. The incidence of organic agriculture has
also increased constantly; although its contribution remains
small in developing countries, organic agriculture currently
represents an important share in several developed countries.
0.2
CHART 102: Agricultural land, share of total land area

(1992-2009)
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
50
40
30
Further reading
20
1995
2000
OECD (www.oecd.org/agriculture/env/indicators)
EUROSTAT (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/
portal/agri_environmental_indicators/introduction)
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percent
Most of the data presented in this section are from a selection of core indicators originally developed by OECD and
Eurostat for their member countries, and recently expanded
by FAO to achieve global coverage. They highlight critical
trends that can help identify solutions for more sustainable
production systems. In general, the indicators show different trends between developing and developed countries; for
example, the agricultural area is decreasing in most developed countries but expanding in several developing ones.
Increasing livestock density per hectare and growth in biofuels production can also be used to quantify the pressure
that agriculture exerts on natural resources.
Sheep and goats
0.6
er
ic
Agricultural production systems require stewardship of their

underlying ecosystems and respect of the natural resource
boundaries within which they operate. In recent decades,
however, increasing population and socio-economic pressures on the land, water and genetic resources that underpin the provision of food and other valuable environmental services are cause for concern, given that food production should roughly double by 2050 to satisfy the projected
global population of 9 billion people. Agriculture already
uses two-thirds of the freshwater resources withdrawn for
human use, with irrigated crops providing about 40 percent
of the total cereal harvest. Additional land suitable for good
production is scarce, while the pressure to produce more
food on marginal areas can lead to degradation and poverty.
CHART 101: Livestock density per ha of agricultural

land, cattle and buffaloes, sheep and goats (2009)
head/ha
Agri-environmental indicators
2005
MAP 61: Nitrogen fertilizer consumption per ha of arable area and permanent crops (kg/ha, 2009)
No data available
0 ~ < 4.5
4.5 ~ < 19
19 ~ < 46
46 ~ < 98
98 ~ 3 631
CHART 103: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions,

top 20 countries (2005-2006*)
CHART 104: Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions

per worker, top 20 countries (2005-2006*)
Countries with
highest values
China
Russian Federation
Japan
Germany
Indonesia
Thailand
France
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Viet Nam
Italy
Spain
Poland
Turkey
Republic of Korea
Sri Lanka
Romania
Malaysia
South Africa
Countries with
highest values
Republic of Moldova
Panama
Ecuador
Botswana
Albania
Chile
Kazakhstan
Cyprus
New Zealand
Ethiopia
Yemen
Mongolia
Eritrea
Tajikistan
Kyrgyzstan
Greece
Colombia
Ukraine
Sri Lanka
0.0
2.5
5.0
7.5
0.0
million kg/day
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
kg/day/worker
213
Organic farming
40
30
million ha
The land area under organic management has been steadily

increasing worldwide for several decades, reaching 37.2 million ha in 2011, up from 11 million ha in 1999. An additional
32.5 million ha is certified as non-agriculture organic areas, mainly for the collection of wild products and beekeeping. Today, 1.8 million producers in 162 countries produce
organic products, including crops, livestock, fish and wildharvested products. Most production in developing countries is export-oriented, providing new income opportunities
for smallholders.
Several countries have action plans for developing organic agriculture, and 86 currently have organic regulations.
Countries set targets for the sectors growth, allocating resources to compensate farmers during, and sometimes after,
the conversion period. At the international level, the general
principles and requirements for organic food are defined by
the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The Plant Production
Guidelines were adopted in 1999, and the Animal Production Guidelines in 2011. Since 2005, the list of restricted
substances has been regularly updated. Codex is currently
expanding to include organic aquaculture and seaweed production. The growing interest in organic crop, livestock, forest and fish products is mainly driven by health and foodquality concerns, although the primary aim of organic production is to ensure that food production and processing
methods respect the environment.
10
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CHART 106: Organic agriculture, share of total

agricultural area (2009)
40
0.12
0.94
0.25
1.76
3.11
0.78
Falkland Islands
30
Samoa
percent
The total value of organic food and beverages sold in 2011

was almost US$63 billion, some US$4 billion higher than
in 2010. The organic market has grown considerably since
2002, and unlike the rest of the food sector has continued to grow, despite the global economic slowdown. Although Northern America and Europe account for 90 percent
of organic sales, organic markets are also expanding in developing countries, particularly in Asia.
20
er
Organic agriculture is a production management system that

aims to promote and enhance ecosystem health, including
biological cycles and the biological activity of soil. It is based
on minimizing the use of external inputs, and represents
a deliberate attempt to make the best use of local natural
resources. Methods are selected to minimize pollution of
air, soil and water. Organic agriculture comprises a range
of land, plant and animal management procedures, circumscribed by a set of rules and limits that are usually enforced
by inspection and certification schemes. Synthetic pesticides, mineral fertilizers, synthetic preservatives, pharmaceuticals, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), sewage
sludge and irradiation are prohibited in all organic standards.
CHART 105: Organic agriculture area (2009)
20
Liechtenstein
10
Sao Tome and
Timor-Leste
Principe
FAO Organic Agriculture (www.fao.org/organicag/en/)

FAO Organic Agriculture and Environmental Stability
of the Food Supply - FAO (ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/
meeting/012/ah950e.pdf)
214
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Further reading
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MAP 62: Organic agriculture area (ha, 2009)
No data available
10 ~ < 620
620 ~ < 6 700
6 700 ~ < 30 800
30 800 ~ < 160 000
160 000 ~ 13 000 000
MAP 63: Organic agriculture, share of total agricultural area (percent, 2009)
No data available
0.0001583 ~ < 0.028
0.028 ~ < 0.2
0.2 ~ < 0.49
0.49 ~ < 3
3 ~ 35.68
215
Bio-based economy
CHART 107: Area under bioenergy crops (2005-2010)
Agriculture is playing an increasingly important role in the

bio-based economy, providing feedstocks for the production
of liquid fuels, chemicals and advanced materials, such as
natural fibre composites for industry. The emergence of
green industries provides new opportunities for the rural
sector, beyond traditional forestry and the supply of wood.
Biological science has the potential both to make incremental efficiency improvements and to bring radical change in
a wide range of sectors, including through the use of enzymes, fermentation and organisms for processes and products in the energy, chemical, pharmaceutical, food, textile,
and pulp and paper industries.
The emerging bio-based economy centres on energy efficiency, renewable feedstocks for polymer products, industrial processes that reduce carbon emissions, and recyclable
materials. Natural fibres exemplify these attributes. For example, growing 1 tonne of jute fibre requires less than 10
percent of the energy used in the production of competing
polypropylene.
Maize
Oil crops
Sugar
30
20
10
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
thousand kilotonnes of oil equivalent
CHART 108: Biofuel production (1990-2009)

The sustainability of a rapidly growing bio-based agricultural economy, especially one that relies on liquid fuels,
has generated the food-versus-fuel debate. The links between bio-industries and food security are complex and multifaceted. Ensuring the sustainable development of biosectors becomes challenging when efforts are made to capture the potential benefits for development. For instance,
the rapid growth and sheer scale of the biofuel sector has
potentially negative implications for all four dimensions of
food security availability, access, stability and utilization
as it may increase the competition for land and water
resources. However, it may also create new opportunities
for employment, income generation and investment in production technologies, especially in countries with abundant
marginal land and climates conducive to feedstock production where such land would be too costly to bring into food
cultivation.
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Americas
Europe
World
900
600
300
Further reading
1990
FAO Bioenergy (www.fao.org/bioenergy)

UN
International
Year
of
Natural
(www.naturalfibres2009.org/en/index.html)
216
Fibres
Wheat
40
million ha
The application of biological and material science to agriculture has the greatest potential in the energy, natural fibre
composite and starch sectors. Much of this potential is already being realized, especially through the rapid growth of
the biofuel sector. Currently, ethanol is produced from easily fermentable agricultural feedstocks such as sugar cane,
sugar beet, cereal grains and cassava. Biodiesel is produced
from vegetable oil (typically rapeseed, soybean and palm
oils) using a process of chemical modification.
Cassava
Source: IEA.
1995
2000
2005
2010
MAP 64: Biofuel production (kilotonnes of oil equivalent, 2009)
No data available
0 ~ < 340
340 ~ < 3 140
3 140 ~ 203 620
Source: IEA.
CHART 109: Share of food crop usage in world bio-based economy (2009)
Food and feed
Material
Energy
100
percent
75
50
25
he
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Su
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ea
So
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it
Pa
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oi
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ai
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Co
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Ca
s
sa
v
217
Such worrisome trends will intensify in this century if emissions of anthropogenic GHGs continue to follow a businessas-usual scenario, with global atmospheric surface temperatures predicted to rise by at least 4 o C by 2100. Moreover,
the hydrological cycle will strengthen because of increased
rates of evaporation from land and sea surfaces. As a result, rainfall may increase in the tropics and at higher latitudes, while decreasing over large continental interiors, with
critically water-scarce areas of the world expected to become drier and hotter. More frequent climate extremes will
increase the incidence and intensity of droughts and flood
events worldwide. Finally, a sea-level rise will put millions
of people at risk, presenting a significant challenge for rural,
low-lying areas in many poor developing countries.
The future availability of water to match crops water requirements will be particularly critical for agricultural production in arid and semi-arid regions, and in the southern,
drier parts of Europe and Northern America. Runoff and
groundwater recharge are both likely to decline dramatically
in these areas. An excess of water may become a problem
in specific areas. Where rainfall volume increases and becomes more intense, and where significant glacier melting
alters water storage dynamics, a greater proportion of runoff
may occur as flood flow. In particular, the expected loss
of glaciers will have large impacts on some river systems,
changing the availability of surface water for irrigation and
the amount of groundwater recharge.
The poorest and most food-insecure regions around the
globe will be the most vulnerable under climate change:
first, already scarce land and water resources will likely become even more scarce; and second, insufficient technical
and financial means will make adaptation to the new climate very difficult.
Annual mean
5-year running mean
0.50
degrees Celsius
The severity and pace of climate change in the twenty-first

century is presenting an unprecedented challenge. Current
global surface temperatures are now about 0.6 o C higher
than the average for the last century. This increase is consistent with model predictions of the effects of rising atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and other
GHGs, which are a result of human activity. Also in line
with the same model simulations, the observed warming
is greater at higher latitudes particularly in the northern
hemisphere, where most land masses are located than in
the tropics. At the same time, extreme temperature events
are becoming more frequent, causing increasing damage to
ecosystems, agriculture and human health.
CHART 110: Global land-ocean temperature index (base

period 1951-1980) (1880-2011)
0.25
0.00
-0.25
1900
1950
2000
Source: NASA, GISS Surface Temperature Analysis.
CHART 111: Global land-ocean temperature index for

three latitude bands (base period 1951-1981)
(1880-2011)
Northern
latitudes
Low
latitudes
Southern
latitudes
1.0
0.5
degrees Celsius
Climate change
0.0
Further reading
FAO Climate Change (www.fao.org/climatechange/)
-0.5
FAO Climate Change, Water and Food Security 2011

FAO Energy-smart food for people and climate (www.fao.
org/docrep/014/i2454e/i2454e00.pdf)
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (www.

ipcc.ch/)
NASA (http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/)
218
1900
1950
2000
MAP 65: Surface temperature, anomaly versus 1951-1980 (degrees Celsius, 2012)
MAP 66: Share of population living in areas with elevation of 5 m or less (percent, 2000)
No data available
0 ~ < 0.32
0.32 ~ < 3.7
3.7 ~ < 7.9
7.9 ~ < 18
18 ~ 100
219
2010
2000
1000
In particular, emissions from the cultivation of organic soils

are receiving increased attention because of their importance in terms of absolute carbon stock changes when peat
lands are drained and degraded, thus becoming a significant
source of GHG emissions (CO2 and N2 O).
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As
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CHART 113: Regional greenhouse gas emissions from

cultivated organic soils (2010)
800
thousand gigagrams CO2 eq
More in general, changes in carbon stocks and ecosystem

functions linked to human activities such as land-use change
and land management determine the GHG emissions and removals that are reported by countries for IPCCs Land Use,
Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) categories. Activities that increase terrestrial carbon stocks over time lead to
removal of CO2 from the atmosphere, while activities that
decrease total carbon stocks lead to net CO2 and non-CO2
emissions. Global GHG emissions from net forest conversion
decreased from 3.6 Gt CO2 /year to 2.6 Gt CO2 /year during the
period 1990-2010.
2000
3000
GHG emissions from agriculture are dominated by non-CO2

gases such as methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide (N2 O), arising from crop and livestock production and management.
These include emissions from the following categories: enteric fermentation, manure management systems, synthetic
fertilizers, manure applied to soils, manure left on pastures,
crop residues, rice cultivation, cultivated organic soils, and
burning of crop residues. These emissions have increased
by an average of 1.6 percent per year since 1990. Adding savannah burning and degraded organic soils under pasture,
which are not currently available in FAOSTAT, total agricultural emissions in 2010 were estimated at 5 to 6 Gt CO2 /year.
1990
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ic
a
GHG emissions from agriculture, including crop and livestock production, forestry and associated land-use changes,
are responsible for a significant fraction of human-induced
emissions up to 30 percent globally, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). GHG emissions presented in this section are available from the newly
launched FAOSTAT Emissions database.
CHART 112: Regional net emissions/removals from net

forest conversion (1990, 2000 and 2010)
Greenhouse gas emissions
600
400
200
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Further reading
FAOSTAT (http://faostat.fao.org/)
Monitoring and Assessment of GHG Emissions and Mitigation Potentials in Agriculture, MICCA (www.fao.org/
climatechange/micca/ghg/en/)
220

Total greenhouse gas emissions from cultivated organic soils, including nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide.
MAP 67: Total agricultural greenhouse gas emissions (gigagrams CO2 eq, 2010)
No data available
0~<5
5 ~ < 15
15 ~ < 50
50 ~ < 100
100 ~ < 300
300 ~ 700
CHART 114: Global agricultural greenhouse gas emissions by sector (2010)
Enteric fermentation
Rice cultivation
Manure applied to soils
Crop residues
Manure management
Synthetic fertilizers
Manure left on pasture
Cultivated organic soils
Burning crop residues
2 000
1 500
1 000
500
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Non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions only, including methane and nitrous oxide, as follows: enteric fermentation: methane; manure management:
methane and nitrous oxide; synthetic fertilizer, manure left on pasture, crop residues, cultivated organic soils, burning crop residues: nitrous oxide.
221
TABLE 41: Land and forestry

Forest area
total
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
222
% total land
%
primary forest
thousand
ha
1990
thousand
ha
2010
1990
2010
1990
2010
4 163 701
749 238
211 710
289
12
6
31.9
25.3
35.0
11.3
6.4
0.2
3 708
13 692
3 896
39
18
43 378
87
318
41
8 282
4 751
41 495
52 800
22 164
328 581
60 976
24 316
23 203
13 110
22 726
160 363
1 860
22 000
27
84 708
1 667
44
217
5 049
4 033 049
674 408
181 145
172
3
6
1 532
12 296
3 467
12 553
3 237
35
3
39 022
88
435
41
6 747
2 988
33 428
49 468
15 624
312 725
58 480
19 916
22 605
11 525
22 411
154 135
1 626
22 000
27
78 572
1 492
70
217
5 131
6.5
23.5
41.3
19.1
47.2
55.2
34.8
12.9
88.5
13.2
23.8
46.8
71.0
57.3
50.6
48.9
51.4
37.2
10.4
66.5
70.7
66.3
85.4
28.1
10.1
0.7
0.0
0.1
11.3
31.0
22.7
29.9
6.7
1.6
0.2
15.2
12.3
6.1
21.6
34.3
17.2
9.1
49.6
35.2
17.6
88.5
10.8
15.0
37.7
66.5
40.4
48.1
46.9
42.1
36.3
9.2
65.6
68.0
58.0
85.4
28.1
9.4
0.6
0.1
0.1
11.5
37.7
10.8
3.2
38.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18.7
24.6
44.3
0.0
4.3
0.0
63.2
2.2
4.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.6
22.7
0.0
35.7
9.6
3.1
23.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18.9
24.2
28.9
0.0
5.5
0.0
62.5
1.6
4.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.1
17.5
0.0
16.8
1.6
33.2
10.5
1.6
33.2
0.0
95.2
40.7
18.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
76 381
643
69 949
1 006
32.1
4.1
29.4
6.5
32 233
13 718
40
8 762
9 241
472
92 006
5 761
6 847
58
10 222
442
7 448
7 264
2 216
4 929
14 072
415
1 945
17 234
2
28 489
11 351
44
7 290
9 241
563
73 478
4 561
5 649
85
10 403
480
4 940
6 544
2 022
4 329
12 490
242
1 204
9 041
2
12.2
24.2
1.3
10.6
7.6
27.4
15.2
51.1
25.0
14.3
32.1
43.7
32.7
29.6
78.8
51.2
11.5
0.4
1.5
18.9
5.1
9 348
3 118
685
8 473
2 726
287
48.6
43.5
12.6
Forest characteristics
other naturally regenerated forest
%
planted forest
1990
2010
1990
2010
57.6
87.2
95.9
61.9
83.3
100.0
99.4
96.8
74.9
73.7
52.3
61.3
94.2
99.9
31.0
19.8
83.3
100.0
99.3
99.6
99.9
95.7
77.2
99.8
57.3
87.4
95.6
36.6
66.7
100.0
97.8
95.8
75.5
72.5
59.9
57.7
87.3
99.8
31.8
12.6
83.3
100.0
98.3
99.3
99.9
94.2
82.3
99.8
4.8
2.1
0.9
0.0
16.7
0.0
0.6
3.2
6.4
1.7
3.4
38.7
1.5
0.1
5.7
78.0
11.8
0.0
0.7
0.4
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.2
6.9
3.1
1.4
40.1
33.3
0.0
2.2
4.2
5.7
3.3
11.3
42.3
7.2
0.2
5.7
85.7
11.8
0.0
1.7
0.7
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.2
83.2
98.3
66.6
89.5
98.3
66.5
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.0
65.2
40.7
17.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
100.0
4.7
59.3
74.0
80.0
0.0
0.0
90.5
100.0
34.7
59.3
71.9
72.9
0.0
0.0
87.9
0.0
0.1
0.0
8.0
20.0
100.0
100.0
9.5
0.0
0.1
0.0
10.3
27.1
100.0
100.0
12.1
20.0
0.0
20.0
0.0
72.9
54.4
71.3
31.4
7.1
45.6
8.7
68.6
10.7
20.0
1.4
8.9
7.6
32.7
12.1
40.4
20.6
21.0
32.7
47.4
21.7
26.6
71.9
44.9
10.2
0.2
1.0
9.9
5.1
2.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.2
0.0
5.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.1
0.3
5.3
0.9
91.5
100.0
85.0
100.0
72.2
66.1
93.4
99.8
99.9
0.0
92.4
99.4
94.0
98.3
96.3
100.0
98.8
86.2
89.5
90.0
100.0
76.4
100.0
70.7
75.1
92.3
99.6
98.1
0.0
90.8
99.5
86.7
97.6
100.0
95.8
95.8
91.3
69.4
95.8
5.6
0.0
15.0
0.0
17.6
33.9
1.0
0.2
0.1
100.0
1.5
0.3
0.7
0.8
3.6
0.0
0.0
11.3
9.0
3.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.2
0.0
4.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.0
0.2
8.0
1.0
0.0
4.0
0.0
0.0
18.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
1.2
2.5
1.5
6.7
0.0
23.6
0.0
19.1
24.9
3.4
0.4
1.9
100.0
3.2
0.3
5.3
1.4
0.0
0.2
4.2
8.7
12.3
4.2
44.0
38.1
5.3
18.8
7.2
0.0
18.3
4.1
0.0
79.0
92.6
96.5
76.2
95.3
85.4
2.2
0.2
3.5
5.5
0.5
14.6
TABLE 41: Land and forestry (continued)

Forest area
total
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
% total land
%
primary forest
thousand
ha
1990
thousand
ha
2010
1990
2010
1990
2010
1 654 836
1 048 363
6
10
34 793
0
515
8
1 586
62 795
1 569 744
955 584
6
10
29 400
0
515
8
1 393
57 196
42.6
51.7
61.1
23.4
12.7
2.2
51.4
19.4
69.5
58.0
40.4
47.2
61.1
22.3
10.7
2.3
51.4
19.4
61.1
52.8
61.1
75.2
59.4
73.1
5.0
5.9
0.0
0.0
37.8
65.0
574 839
4
12
15 263
62 519
2 564
2 058
519 522
4
13
16 231
60 499
2 605
2 870
68.0
24.7
51.7
20.5
56.3
50.2
19.2
61.4
24.3
52.9
21.8
54.5
51.0
27.0
50
1 972
13 817
377
0
8 188
17
68
4 748
15 205
116
8 136
345
48
70 291
4
4 514
3 792
21 157
70 156
287
45
1 972
9 865
287
0
8 082
17
64
3 657
15 205
101
5 192
337
48
64 802
2
3 114
3 251
17 582
67 992
552
66.7
40.8
49.9
18.2
0.0
99.6
50.0
40.5
44.3
77.2
4.2
72.7
31.8
45.8
36.2
35.0
37.5
51.0
53.3
54.8
32.4
59.5
40.8
39.7
13.9
0.0
98.3
50.0
38.2
34.1
77.2
3.7
46.4
31.1
45.8
33.3
25.0
25.9
43.7
44.3
53.1
62.2
1990
2010
1990
2010
37.1
23.8
37.1
24.9
1.8
0.9
3.4
2.0
92.8
89.3
2.2
4.7
0.0
0.0
43.0
65.0
100.0
99.5
62.1
35.0
100.0
99.0
56.8
35.0
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.2
0.0
92.2
91.7
6.9
6.8
0.9
1.4
30.3
14.1
24.3
0.0
27.3
14.1
23.9
0.0
58.5
85.7
64.2
83.1
58.0
85.2
66.8
83.1
11.2
0.2
11.5
16.9
14.7
0.7
9.2
16.9
56.8
59.8
43.2
39.9
0.0
0.2
1.3
48.7
1.7
96.1
49.6
93.1
2.6
1.7
5.2
11
44
11
47
42.3
71.8
42.3
77.0
25
27
64.9
68.5
14 776
241
34
24
920
52 026
606 474
1
310 134
0
3
296 335
560 209
14 758
226
34
20
1 744
46 275
614 160
1
310 134
0
3
304 022
592 512
12 075
3 309
954
410
4 127
3 276
94.7
46.9
36.2
67.4
5.3
59.0
32.6
20.0
34.1
0.0
14.8
32.4
20.9
94.6
44.1
36.2
57.7
10.0
52.5
32.9
20.0
34.1
0.0
12.6
33.2
19.2
3.1
1.2
5.0
2.9
8.8
7.7
0.0
8.7
89.7
0.0
95.2
13.7
23.3
44.3
44.7
0.0
8.8
26.0
0.0
52.9
0.0
37.9
0.0
10.5
88.5
0.0
23.5
24.5
0.0
25.8
0.0
56.2
0.0
planted forest
97.8
13.7
22.0
49.7
2.2
85.1
71.8
49.2
99.7
91.1
10.0
100.0
4.8
85.1
70.1
51.0
55.3
72.3
91.2
71.8
95.1
42.1
100.0
59.8
97.6
89.2
10.0
100.0
73.8
73.0
89.7
71.6
95.1
43.8
100.0
0.0
0.0
1.2
6.2
1.1
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.0
0.0
1.2
6.6
4.7
0.0
27.7
0.0
2.2
4.9
4.9
0.0
2.4
2.4
0.3
1.5
0.0
2.7
2.6
10.3
2.6
4.9
0.0
0.0
99.6
0.4
96.2
25.9
94.9
27.6
3.8
67.8
5.0
64.5
0.1
6.2
0.1
8.0
0.0
31.3
0.0
17.5
100.0
46.8
100.0
26.4
0.0
21.8
0.0
56.1
38.8
39.2
58.0
55.2
3.2
5.6
53.3
0.0
0.0
23.6
13.4
5.9
0.0
28.4
72.8
2.5
1.9
53.3
0.0
0.0
24.8
18.6
6.1
0.0
28.2
72.4
2.5
2.2
46.2
0.0
100.0
70.3
70.8
82.5
69.8
66.2
2.9
97.5
91.5
43.8
0.0
100.0
66.9
60.7
79.8
72.8
65.8
2.9
97.5
78.4
0.4
100.0
0.0
6.1
15.8
11.7
30.2
5.4
24.3
0.0
6.7
2.9
100.0
0.0
8.3
20.8
14.0
27.2
5.9
24.6
0.0
19.4
223

Forest area
total
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
224
% total land
thousand
ha
1990
thousand
ha
2010
1990
209 198
254 626
18.3
157 141
8 201
206 861
5 666
16.9
68.1
24 950
12 536
6 370
247 260
413
12 944
118 545
17 314
22 376
39 218
6 570
2
19 549
966
9 363
90 588
1 350
1 494
3 035
63 939
11 075
1
4 817
2 527
2 350
13 163
24 979
10 898
6 222
214 064
380
10 094
94 432
15 751
20 456
31 773
7 665
2
18 972
742
13 797
92 734
1 350
1 442
3 249
68 434
11 075
1
3 636
1 687
1 860
19 013
262
936
1
173
2 742
825
154
98
6
137
9
2
0
977
491
11 334
317
549
1 005 001
854 267
8 630
3 927
2 657
2 029
9 337
386
6 573
809 090
1 933
9 705
72 354
68.4
8.1
64.5
56.8
78.4
73.3
65.4
75.0
68.1
60.0
22.0
3.4
38.3
65.0
28.8
14.1
2.1
11.5
64.6
21.5
6.8
3.0
33.7
3.3
37.5
2.8
4.1
10.5
0
21 889
1
544
2 217
0
22 157
0.1
71.9
4.2
12.8
52.3
0.1
72.9
30
0.1
0.3
0
161
804
132
98
4
131
9
2
0
977
372
9 680
245
549
1 000 821
869 812
3 327
1 801
8 881
6 371
61 834
1
445
0.3
17.4
1.8
6.1
1.1
0.2
12.8
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.5
2.0
12.6
2.9
1.0
37.7
38.4
30.1
20.0
29.2
27.8
41.9
primary forest
2010
1990
2010
1990
2010
1990
2010
22.3
11.1
9.9
62.5
54.6
26.3
35.4
22.3
47.1
7.4
13.8
5.6
13.8
65.9
72.5
57.1
72.4
26.7
13.8
37.3
13.8
68.5
7.0
64.1
49.3
72.1
57.2
52.1
68.2
62.3
48.6
25.7
3.3
37.1
49.9
44.5
14.5
2.1
11.1
84.6
23.0
6.8
3.0
25.4
2.2
29.7
4.0
9.2
11.3
0.7
18.7
39.5
1.9
7.1
1.1
0.4
13.4
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.5
2.7
14.7
3.8
1.0
45.5
47.3
42.5
36.2
34.4
22.4
30.7
11.7
28.6
49.4
40.2
16.8
44.1
15.1
48.2
43.7
51.6
91.4
74.2
90.9
82.3
0.0
51.9
97.0
85.6
72.3
39.7
51.4
23.2
63.3
30.0
96.1
46.2
89.1
72.5
86.8
84.2
0.0
43.5
94.2
74.0
67.9
41.2
0.2
8.6
17.1
8.1
13.1
100.0
34.4
0.0
4.1
19.5
19.0
47.3
47.5
29.9
69.3
3.2
50.0
9.5
18.7
10.0
11.2
100.0
35.5
0.0
0.6
19.1
0.0
8.7
1.0
4.6
0.0
13.6
3.0
10.3
8.2
41.3
1.3
29.3
6.8
0.7
0.7
3.8
1.4
8.8
3.1
4.6
0.0
21.0
5.8
25.5
13.0
29.2
13.6
24.6
1.8
30.2
12.7
22.9
1.8
54.8
86.4
66.5
90.6
53.3
87.2
62.1
90.6
16.0
0.0
8.9
7.6
16.4
0.1
14.9
7.6
8.1
0.0
10.9
11.9
4.9
42.7
0.0
8.2
18.0
0.0
0.0
14.5
0.0
9.0
11.9
5.0
42.7
0.0
7.6
18.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
91.1
90.7
78.8
73.9
91.1
55.1
0.0
76.7
80.1
98.1
50.0
84.4
79.8
81.1
64.7
87.0
55.1
0.0
74.7
75.1
98.2
42.9
51.9
0.0
92.3
0.8
9.3
10.3
14.1
4.0
2.1
100.0
15.1
1.9
1.9
50.0
1.2
20.2
9.9
23.4
8.0
2.1
100.0
17.6
6.7
1.8
57.1
48.1
100.0
7.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
100.0
100.0
36.8
0.0
7.6
0.0
0.0
25.1
28.5
5.1
4.7
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.0
4.7
29.9
1.2
0.6
4.3
36.8
0.0
8.6
0.0
0.0
26.2
30.2
4.6
8.6
0.3
0.0
0.6
0.0
4.6
31.7
1.2
0.6
5.3
63.2
53.1
74.0
0.0
100.0
69.0
67.4
75.3
64.3
0.4
19.3
3.8
99.7
73.3
68.6
48.8
49.4
78.3
63.2
40.2
61.3
0.0
100.0
66.9
65.1
73.8
70.6
0.5
20.6
4.2
99.5
73.4
66.2
49.1
49.5
73.1
0.0
46.9
18.4
100.0
0.0
5.9
4.1
19.5
31.0
99.3
80.7
95.8
0.3
22.0
1.6
49.9
50.0
17.4
0.0
59.8
30.2
100.0
0.0
6.9
4.7
21.5
20.8
99.2
79.4
95.2
0.5
22.0
2.1
49.6
49.9
21.6
4.7
4.6
43.5
20.9
20.6
48.9
74.4
74.8
7.6
0.0
0.0
79.9
73.4
20.1
26.6
0.0
0.0
34.5
10.0
65.5
90.0
13.6
75.8
5.9
0.0
81.4
24.0
93.6
0.0
planted forest
%
5.0
0.2
0.5
100.0

Forest area
total
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
% total land
thousand
ha
1990
thousand
ha
2010
465
3
739
3
9 130
3 354
2 160
10 065
27 281
2 611
37 856
789
16
0
3 299
7 590
0
3 327
0
13 818
31 320
3 776
14 537
10 741
6
345
1 151
198 596
162 220
154 500
7 720
0
36 079
953
839
31 523
2 324
440
38
26
12
258
18
15
55
21
4
130
0
9
1
6
primary forest
1990
2010
1990
2010
1990
2010
1990
2010
6.7
6.1
10.7
6.1
0.0
0.0
17.6
11.1
82.4
88.9
30.0
53.9
34.5
33.1
0.5
1.0
2.4
0.4
1.2
2.2
76.6
77.8
85.6
80.8
74.7
83.1
22.8
21.1
11.9
18.7
24.1
14.7
68.7
11.9
34.8
28.3
34.0
42.8
34.3
0.0
30.3
9.6
0.0
0.7
10.8
9.3
0.0
0.7
10.9
81.9
24.7
87.1
76.2
77.9
23.0
86.3
77.0
8.5
75.3
12.1
13.1
12.8
77.0
13.0
12.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.4
52.5
94.6
54.2
96.0
47.4
5.0
45.7
3.6
0.0
0.0
96.4
96.4
3.6
3.6
31.1
0.9
40.4
37.8
0.0
31.0
62.2
36.4
39.6
1.2
0.0
1.0
0.0
91.6
0.0
92.2
0.0
7.2
100.0
6.8
100.0
0.0
5.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.7
0.0
0.0
98.3
91.8
85.3
88.5
93.3
88.7
85.3
89.5
1.7
2.9
14.7
11.5
6.6
2.6
14.7
10.5
30.7
47.2
22.4
29.1
31.8
43.1
33.5
0.3
0.2
72.0
73.0
27.7
26.8
0.0
0.2
0.0
23.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
21.7
0.0
34.1
89.2
52.3
73.8
67.1
41.6
89.6
52.3
73.9
67.5
65.9
10.6
47.7
3.1
32.9
58.4
10.2
47.7
4.3
32.5
0.0
3.5
93.4
0.0
3.2
18.6
4.6
3.4
25.9
0.0
82.7
5.9
0.0
82.9
79.3
93.1
95.4
52.2
100.0
13.8
6.7
100.0
13.9
2.1
2.4
1.3
21.9
93.6
51.4
51.3
99.4
47.6
86.0
44.3
51.3
91.2
50.0
5.8
39.0
47.6
0.4
50.5
13.1
38.3
47.4
8.5
48.8
0.6
9.7
1.1
0.2
1.9
0.9
17.4
1.2
0.3
1.2
47.4
54.3
13.0
11.5
39.5
34.2
0.0
64.8
62.2
0.0
64.8
75.4
100.0
0.0
5.9
100.0
0.0
2.4
0.0
35.2
31.9
0.0
35.2
22.2
30.0
27.1
0.0
0.0
70.0
72.9
16.7
13.5
77.0
74.5
7.1
12.2
0.0
0.0
25.8
30.1
96.6
92.9
67.7
68.3
3.4
7.1
6.5
1.6
28 203
2 881
45 086
776
16
2 185
1 920
0
3 903
66.5
10.8
29.2
28.8
34.0
9 149
0
543
3 456
0
2 713
1 253
18 173
998
25.8
0.9
33 293
3 887
678
15 954
11 076
7
87
28.8
45.8
365
1 240
191 384
157 569
149 300
8 269
0
33 232
1 014
839
28 726
2 213
440
185
26
12
13
64
0
30
40
397
18
16
155
19
4
171
0
9
1
6
10.2
28.8
23.4
20.4
20.1
29.3
11.5
68.1
52.2
45.9
69.6
83.0
36.1
27.8
47.9
15.0
0.0
25.6
36.4
0.0
27.7
26.5
30.8
40.6
0.0
31.7
92.0
62.1
15.0
79.2
74.5
45.9
0.0
12.5
33.3
41.5
10.8
31.0
22.6
19.8
19.4
31.4
11.5
62.8
55.5
45.9
63.4
79.1
36.1
58.5
47.9
15.0
70.2
91.6
0.0
65.9
87.6
48.8
88.5
64.6
42.3
71.5
74.5
60.4
0.0
12.5
33.3
41.9
0.7
44.4
74.7
0.0
44.4
planted forest
24.6
81.2
44.4
44.4
18.8
11.1
11.1
225
TABLE 42: Forestry production and trade

industrial roundwood
total
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
m3
2011
1961-2011
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
226
1 577 974
72 357
17 778
883
25
0
1
2 935
1 246
281
1 400
4
0
1 416
5
1 212
10
110
4 093
2 314
1 325
518
15 488
1 096
2 175
732
761
2 194
4 592
525
3 400
13
3 286
139
268
116
372
0
2 173
218
18 387
105
0
0
17 952
330
17 418
427
1 171
0
1 469
113
1 289
651
132
538
413
3
701
9 418
0
804
124
166
7.3
2.0
0.8
4.6
3.1
1.1
2.4
6.5
1.9
3.3
2.1
3.0
2.1
1.1
2.1
2.4
1.8
2.9
2.1
1.1
1.4
0.2
3.1
3.4
0.7
2.9
2.4
2.8
1.8
2.4
3.6
0.1
6.0
0.8
1.9
0.7
2.6
1.7
0.0
3.5
2.8
2.2
0.4
1.5
Production of selected forest products

woodfuel
total
p.a.
total
growth
thousand
%
thousand
m3
m3
2011
1961-2011
2011
1 891 405
631 124
276 486
9 983
273
362
1 264
102 609
26 400
13 100
5 466
7
26
16 724
31
5 000
3
13 957
40 176
23 069
9 249
8 788
103 995
4 101
9 993
2 000
7 184
1 357
77 736
447
1 070
108
54 681
8 246
17 556
964
6 762
4 383
14 583
1.1
2.1
2.2
2.1
3.7
2.3
3.7
1.1
3.7
1.9
2.6
1.2
3.4
2.1
1.3
2.1
1.6
2.6
2.6
0.8
0.5
2.0
1.0
2.9
0.8
2.2
1.7
1.3
2.2
1.1
2.4
0.5
3 469 379
703 481
294 264
10 866
297
362
1 265
105 544
27 646
13 381
6 866
11
27
18 140
36
6 212
13
14 067
44 269
25 383
10 574
9 306
119 483
5 196
12 168
2 732
7 945
3 551
82 328
972
4 470
122
57 967
8 385
17 824
1 080
7 134
4 383
16 756
roundwood
p.a.
export
growth
%
thousand
m3
1961-2011
2011
1.2
2.1
2.2
2.3
3.9
10.1
2.3
3.3
1.4
3.5
1.8
2.6
1.6
3.4
2.2
1.4
2.2
1.6
2.5
2.2
1.0
0.9
2.0
2.0
2.9
0.9
1.6
2.0
1.3
2.1
1.1
2.5
0.5
import
thousand
m3
2011
122 663
3 418
305
3
0
0
0
0
4
2
6
0
0
265
2
0
0
1
10
10
1
1
2 006
7
582
152
0
724
176
330
35
0
18
0
3
0
5
0
10
129 191
567
77
0
0
1
0
5
13
4
0
15
0
13
1
9
0
2
9
5
0
0
11
6
1
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
404
6
136
5
244
0
1
2 188
1.1
2 406
1.2
11
16 691
686
2 100
827
12 000
1 078
179 270
6 318
12 963
197
8 989
703
38 985
12 010
2 637
7 254
5 385
1 877
2 857
63 600
0
4.5
0.4
0.7
1.8
5.6
35 079
791
2 100
827
29 952
1 408
196 689
6 745
14 134
197
10 458
816
40 274
12 661
2 769
7 792
5 798
1 880
3 558
73 018
0
3.3
0.5
0.7
1.8
3.5
4.8
1.7
0.6
1.7
1.8
0.6
2.7
3.2
0.7
3.6
3.1
1.5
2.1
0.9
1.3
172
0
0
17
154
0
918
241
0
5
132
3
172
38
15
74
2
0
0
102
0
12
0
0
9
3
0
63
0
0
2
0
1
18
0
0
1
1
32
1
2
0
5 453
5 619
4 424
1.3
0.0
0.5
6 257
5 743
4 590
1.4
0.0
0.5
1
19
113
4
0
0
1.7
0.5
1.5
1.8
0.7
2.5
3.7
0.6
3.9
3.1
1.5
2.1
0.6
1.1
TABLE 42: Forestry production and trade (continued)
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Sint Maarten (DutchPart)
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
total
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
m3
2011
1961-2011

woodfuel
total
p.a.
total
growth
thousand
%
thousand
m3
m3
2011
1961-2011
2011
646 040
220 189
0
0
10 631
0
17
6
41
913
331 677
288 029
0
0
4 695
2
33
5
126
2 368
139 969
0
0
39 150
2 390
1 326
719
0
0
10
2 091
682
0
80
0
0
454
501
239
431
152
2
4 870
0
118
188
4 044
1 496
0
0
0
0
0
0
365
47
0
0
8 000
1 256
425 851
0
141 855
0
0
283 996
276 477
90
73
9
0
0
8
3.4
5.2
1.4
4.9
4.3
5.3
0.5
2.1
1.5
6.5
2.1
3.7
2.6
5.8
1.1
1.7
0.0
1.3
10.6
1.8
1.3
2.5
0.9
4.8
2.2
0.9
1.6
7.6
2.8
1.0
0.3
144 050
1
0
15 998
8 826
3 364
1 141
0
8
920
4 952
4 217
1
133
0
15
18 410
845
2 050
8 535
541
10
38 834
0
6 110
1 112
6 684
7 425
0
0
10
0
7
0
48
33
1
0
2 430
4 089
43 648
0
3 211
0
1
40 437
756 230
431
272
37
90
10
22
1.1
1.3
1.4
0.3
0.6
0.2
2.4
1.1
1.0
2.4
4.0
1.0
0.1
0.6
0.8
1.7
2.0
1.0
0.1
4.3
1.6
2.5
0.1
1.0
0.2
13.4
0.5
1.0
0.8
0.3
2.8
1.2
0.8
1.0
1.2
0.5
3.9
0.8
2.2
0.2
1.5
0.0
0.4
977 717
508 217
0
0
15 326
2
50
11
167
3 281
284 019
1
0
55 148
11 216
4 690
1 860
0
8
930
7 043
4 899
1
212
0
15
18 864
1 346
2 289
8 966
693
12
43 704
0
6 228
1 300
10 728
8 921
0
0
10
0
7
0
413
80
1
0
10 430
5 345
469 499
0
145 066
0
1
324 433
1 032 706
521
345
46
90
10
30
roundwood
p.a.
export
growth
%
thousand
m3
1961-2011
2011
1.3
2.1
0.6
0.3
3.4
1.8
0.6
1.7
2.0
2.4
4.8
0.6
0.5
0.0
0.8
0.6
2.1
1.3
0.1
3.5
1.9
2.4
0.6
0.9
0.1
12.4
0.2
1.0
0.6
0.2
3.4
1.4
0.8
1.0
0.5
1.0
3.9
3.5
2.3
0.4
0.9
0.2
0.5
import
thousand
m3
2011
19 247
1 520
0
0
27
0
1
0
4
13
5 343
241
0
0
3
1
17
1
12
8
107
0
0
53
29
294
0
0
0
7
142
24
0
4
0
0
34
101
0
2
0
0
18
0
4
157
16
2
0
29
0
2
3
0
2
15
0
1
40
0
1
0
1
0
5
0
1
10
0
12
3
33
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
92
5
0
0
384
0
17 727
0
5 811
0
0
11 916
6 463
4
0
0
0
0
4
1
7
0
1
0
0
13
0
0
9
1
5 103
0
4 258
1
0
844
65 420
363
85
3
0
0
274
227
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
228
total
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
m3
2011
1961-2011

woodfuel
total
p.a.
total
growth
thousand
%
thousand
m3
m3
2011
1961-2011
2011
126 050
0
0
103 035
1 500
194 787
85
8
185 337
6 027
0.7
84
766
2 479
164 564
12
8 299
57 288
5 935
2 760
38 286
12 250
32
19 187
115
20 400
389 776
1 655
27 128
4 897
308 776
45
16
12 464
29 660
5 136
6 672
40
3
7
4
733
118
2
310
19
19
0
40
5
254
28
4 616
18
456
161 628
73 482
2 292
2 841
1 914
3 152
4 980
309
4 014
43 817
643
9 521
20 327
9.9
0.5
0.3
0.4
2.7
1.1
2.8
0.4
1.6
2.8
0.8
18 290
49
3 176
102 781
107
170
60 706
218
18 051
4 262
3 867
0
8 700
0
6 700
30 883
1 760
282
128
23 192
660
0
1 260
2 990
611
16 672
1
3
0
5
105
59
25
4
0
7
0
0
0
0
40
16 423
0
0
524 272
240 155
8 073
3 364
13 467
2 922
32 200
43
10 344
153 183
8 570
7 989
155 373
0
1 468
5 454
0
45 526
0
2.2
1.8
2.0
4.1
1.9
2.2
2.3
4.9
2.3
2.0
1.3
1.5
2.2
2.7
1.6
1.6
2.5
4.0
1.4
3.2
0.1
3.8
1.9
0.0
1.4
0.2
0.6
4.6
0.2
1.1
1.6
0.3
0.2
0.4
0
1 115
2 016
0
5 241
0
7.2
0.8
2.0
0.2
0.5
1.3
2.1
1.0
1.2
1.4
6.3
1.3
0.7
1.7
0.1
0.1
1.9
2.7
3.2
2.9
3.2
5.2
1.4
4.9
6.3
5.7
1.1
0.8
9.0
3.1
0.7
0.9
1.5
0.9
2.3
1.3
0.1
2.1
1.8
roundwood
p.a.
export
growth
%
thousand
m3
1961-2011
2011
320 837
85
8
288 373
7 527
0.2
18 374
815
5 655
267 345
119
8 469
117 994
6 153
20 811
42 548
16 117
32
27 887
115
27 100
420 660
3 415
27 410
5 025
331 969
705
16
13 724
32 650
5 747
23 344
41
6
7
8
838
177
27
314
19
26
0
40
5
254
68
21 039
18
456
685 900
313 637
10 364
6 205
15 381
6 073
37 180
352
14 359
197 000
9 213
17 510
175 700
2.5
0.4
0.6
0.1
0.7
1.1
1.4
0.4
0.9
2.6
1.0
0
2 583
7 470
0
50 767
0
7.2
0.2
1.9
0.3
0.8
1.4
1.9
0.9
1.3
1.5
4.3
1.3
0.8
1.8
0.1
1.9
1.9
3.4
2.6
0.5
3.2
5.2
1.1
4.9
6.3
5.7
0.3
1.8
9.0
3.1
0.8
1.0
0.4
1.0
1.7
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.0
import
thousand
m3
2011
251
86
0
34
29
55 086
176
0
43 134
3
101
1
0
6 159
0
5
55
331
3 322
2 230
18
1
9
1
187
21
12
0
3
3
0
0
0
0
3
28
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
2
2
2
4
12
0
73 682
38 290
2 222
920
3 599
1 276
1 904
3
832
20 700
2 684
4 152
14 467
4 640
1
7 133
1 843
0
0
69
0
93
0
89
16
315
0
1 261
6 469
0
7
2
6 326
86
0
1
46
0
1 659
0
11
5
1
17
4
5
2
1
75
0
19
1
35
0
1 315
158
11
57 842
7 504
35
60
1 830
361
3 450
41
686
1
1 016
23
17 602
0
793
2 799
0
731
0
829
347
1
5 823

total
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
m3
2011
1961-2011
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
2 432
0
11 649
5 346
8 506
66 203
8 788
32 871
80
0
2 535
3 836
0
948
0
1 662
0
208
8 540
0
1 361
2 052
11 528
121
95 873
13 631
4 235
28 387
45 358
8
244
0
688
3 322
58 828
51 883
26 760
25 123
0
6 931
445
15
4 476
1 967
28
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
0
5
1
0
0
6
0
2
0
0
4.0
0.1
1.0
2.5
3.6
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.0
0.6
0.5
0.8
0.1
0.6
1.8
3.3
4.2
1.0
7.0
11.1
11.9
3.5

woodfuel
total
p.a.
total
growth
thousand
%
thousand
m3
m3
2011
1961-2011
2011
195
0
1 184
1 658
1 785
2.0
0.2
5 900
1 234
22 559
350
0
1 316
1 422
0
795
0
4 643
0
156
600
0
6 345
1 336
5 120
476
0.4
2.5
1.2
2.2
45 259
5 065
893
26 653
10 783
18
18
0
290
1 539
10 747
4 862
4 862
0
0
5 802
37
12
5 533
129
91
5
0
3
0
2
0
0
0
77
0
0
4
0
0
70
0
2
0
0
1.8
2.5
2.4
0.6
3.2
1.3
1.6
2.3
3.6
0.4
0.9
0.7
0.7
2.9
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.0
1.6
2.6
2.6
0.5
0.8
2.7
0.5
0.3
2 627
0
12 833
7 004
10 291
roundwood
p.a.
export
growth
%
thousand
m3
1961-2011
2011
3.8
0.1
72 103
10 021
55 430
430
0
3 851
5 258
0
1 743
0
6 306
0
364
9 140
0
7 706
3 388
16 648
597
0.9
2.5
0.1
2.5
141 132
18 696
5 128
55 041
56 142
26
261
0
978
4 861
69 575
56 745
31 622
25 123
0
12 733
482
27
10 009
2 096
119
5
0
3
0
2
0
0
0
91
0
5
5
0
0
76
0
4
0
0
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.1
0.9
0.3
1.0
1.0
0.6
0.6
2.4
2.3
1.6
3.1
2.9
3.1
3.7
1.0
2.1
7.1
15.2
2.6
2.6
0.7
1.2
2.7
0.6
1.7
import
thousand
m3
2011
311
0
113
0
5 264
1 990
963
449
267
1 641
892
724
6 380
57
0
814
1 080
0
36
0
106
0
21
1 034
0
44
1 142
2 044
2
7 519
613
9 162
1
3
112
15
0
490
0
4 376
0
5
1 213
0
74
448
2 356
69
14 545
1 082
1 031
7 228
3 652
5
173
0
430
944
19 852
14 632
2 005
12 627
0
5 217
7
1
3 271
1 937
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
23 575
8 252
4 433
1 513
7 657
0
1 104
0
354
261
19
5
2
3
0
4
0
2
2
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
8
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
4
0
0
229
TABLE 43: Production of finished forestry products

sawnwood
total
thousand
m3
2011
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
230
406 187
7 991
1 219
83
0
0
0
18
142
104
45
2
0
198
2
135
1
14
117
24
157
177
1 354
5
693
54
2
248
92
4
250
5
210
13
12
31
83
0
51
20
1 669
0
0
0
1 567
102
3 540
84
5
0
700
1
515
30
16
80
13
14
4
2 002
0
25
5
46
p.a.
growth
%
1961-2011
2.1
1.7
2.8
0.6
1.0
1.4
2.1
2.1
2.8
3.3
2.4
5.1
4.2
0.7
4.2
1.7
2.6
4.7
3.0
3.7
2.7
4.3
1.4
2.4
4.8
3.7
0.4
1.1
1.4
1.2
0.7
3.5
0.4
1.3
8.7

wood-based panels
wood pulp
total
p.a.
total
p.a.
growth
growth
thousand
%
thousand
%
tonnes
m3
2011
1961-2011
2011
1961-2011
287 720
2 711
319
0
0
0
0
103
83
1
18
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
24
5
18
68
463
11
78
5
0
69
4
28
268
0
248
48
59
0
35
0
2
0.8
4.0
5.0
3.8
4.2
4.4
2.6
5.0
3.7
173 309
2 725
104
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
56
0
47
15
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
262
0
41
0
221
0
0
5.1
4.9
paper and paperboard

total
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2011
1961-2011
403 183
3 472
231
0
0
0
0
78
0
10
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
3
25
4
109
6
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
0
0
999
46
660
6
127
0
3
104
157
625
0
0
0
617
8
1 056
0
0
0
477
0
437
42
0
0
0
2
0
97
0
2 321
0
0
0
2 306
15
23
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
23
0
2 216
0
0
0
2 167
49
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
19
0
0
0
1
3.8
10.0
8.1
3.2
0
0
0
4.4
0.9
0
0
0
100.0
5.1
100.0
3.3
0.3
5.3
1.9
2.4
7.1
4.9
TABLE 43: Production of finished forestry products (continued)

sawnwood
total
thousand
m3
2011
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
142 959
42 407
0
0
2 159
0
1
0
35
462
25 210
0
0
6 785
525
540
157
0
0
12
519
16
0
32
0
1
379
76
14
234
66
1
2 344
0
62
45
550
711
0
0
0
0
0
0
113
31
0
0
376
950
100 552
0
38 858
0
0
61 694
102 627
197
108
80
0
0
10
p.a.
growth
%
1961-2011
2.1
3.1
0.7
5.7
2.8
4.1
1.4
1.4
1.1
3.9
1.0
0.6
2.8
1.8
2.5
0.2
1.0
1.5
0.7
1.7
1.5
0.8
5.0
3.5
1.5
1.5
3.4
3.7
2.0
0.1

wood-based panels
wood pulp
total
p.a.
total
p.a.
growth
growth
thousand
%
thousand
%
tonnes
m3
2011
1961-2011
2011
1961-2011
57 479
16 460
0
0
1 285
0
0
0
0
45
9 401
0
0
2 890
329
69
149
0
0
0
609
0
0
0
0
0
57
15
0
18
0
0
667
0
0
12
161
54
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
2
0
0
200
491
41 018
0
10 213
0
0
30 805
149 426
119
116
0
0
0
3
5.9
11.4
7.3
10.4
4.2
4.9
5.8
5.0
4.5
4.7
2.2
8.9
3.4
6.8
7.8
3.9
2.1
91 571
21 842
0
0
1 007
0
0
0
0
0
14 282
0
0
4 896
229
3
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
261
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 095
60
69 729
0
18 887
0
0
50 842
29 411
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.1
8.0
7.3
0.8
15.0
1.2
1.6

total
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2011
1961-2011
109 719
20 226
0
0
1 283
0
0
2
0
0
10 159
0
0
1 437
1 154
20
20
0
0
130
198
115
0
0
0
0
31
0
0
95
0
0
4 701
0
0
0
13
215
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
96
557
89 493
0
12 069
0
0
77 424
179 474
637
211
424
0
0
2
2.5
100.0
6.1
5.0
5.9
4.1
2.9
10.5
12.3
11.1
5.0
5.1
100.0
7.2
2.7
2.2
3.5
0.8
1.9
231

sawnwood
total
thousand
m3
2011
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
232
58 847
15
0
45 020
280
9 434
300
3 798
19 308
51
72
4 169
130
4 011
1 610
372
25
2 868
0
6 000
17 707
400
388
27
14 789
31
0
630
1 381
61
6 568
1
2
0
3
70
12
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
9
6 461
0
0
144 141
52 769
2 571
728
4 454
324
4 422
34
4 442
31 692
2 204
1 898
39 723
0
372
1 800
0
9 750
0
p.a.
growth
%
1961-2011
4.2
2.9
0.0
2.1
1.4
4.6
2.9
0.2
1.8
6.0
1.8
2.5
2.0
5.8
2.3
5.3
1.8
0.6
4.3
2.7
2.0
5.3
1.3
4.2
2.4
0.8
1.1
4.4
1.6
1.5
0.8
0.0
0.9
0.4

wood-based panels
wood pulp
total
p.a.
total
p.a.
growth
growth
thousand
%
thousand
%
tonnes
m3
2011
1961-2011
2011
1961-2011
118 269
48
0
110 487
0
4 339
2
3 393
18 457
0
15
4 691
24
6 791
149
430
355
5 400
0
602
4 902
1
9
29
2 964
1 121
0
69
547
161
7 679
6
0
0
1
5
5
181
0
0
46
0
0
0
0
27
7 408
0
0
74 232
29 645
479
953
1 305
1 056
8 396
0
2 824
11 857
683
2 092
9 250
0
456
405
0
1 352
0
13.9
1.8
9.0
4.2
16.1
13.5
11.0
1.8
11.5
7.4
11.5
5.8
2.2
0.8
1.8
10.9
3.9
4.7
6.2
5.5
4.0
1.3
18 437
15
0
8 702
56
9 079
0
585
8 167
0
0
6 455
0
145
1
185
0
1 001
0
380
2 731
0
47
0
2 308
292
0
0
82
3
75
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
75
0
0
46 595
10 066
51
135
700
1
1 102
0
0
7 362
716
0
24 591
0
5
220
0
10 362
0
5.1
1.6
6.5
6.5
1.2
10.2
6.5
1.3
2.8
7.8
1.7
1.8
1.8

total
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2011
1961-2011
141 270
180
0
102 921
80
26 609
0
11 480
20 547
0
0
11 527
0
1 795
45
1 097
87
4 396
0
1 600
12 436
0
58
10
10 870
381
0
13
1 079
24
4 584
11
4
15
0
2
13
403
54
57
103
0
4
3
1 150
75
2 389
300
1
106 563
15 823
588
291
775
696
3 756
98
297
7 624
748
951
29 213
0
423
73
0
11 329
0
7.7
0.6
3.2
10.8
100.0
15.1
5.2
14.3
11.7
0.2
6.6
9.1
8.4
3.5
4.8
8.3
7.5
2.5
3.1
3.4
0.8
1.6
3.1

sawnwood
total
thousand
m3
2011
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
759
0
3 432
1 260
2 271
16 800
3 279
7 702
8
0
1 108
754
0
108
0
1 250
0
50
1 044
0
512
703
2 162
3
43 945
9 636
1 369
8 675
22 628
8
78
0
238
1 313
8 469
8 251
4 556
3 695
0
215
90
3
81
27
14
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
p.a.
growth
%
1961-2011
5.7
0.7
1.4
2.4
5.9
1.0
0.9
0.3
0.6
1.4
0.1
1.3
0.3
0.2
0.6
1.6
2.6
0.8
1.3
4.9
4.7

wood-based panels
wood pulp
total
p.a.
total
p.a.
growth
growth
thousand
%
thousand
%
tonnes
m3
2011
1961-2011
2011
1961-2011
738
0
923
824
520
648
3 384
10 441
11
0
36
143
0
918
0
4 361
0
0
1 349
0
268
361
2 993
0
24 896
3 335
2 177
5 765
12 092
0
516
0
46
966
3 872
3 758
1 867
1 891
0
114
20
0
94
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7.3
1.9
0.4
6.0
0.0
5.3
7.8
6.4
5.7
3.8
3.2
2.9
3.6
4.0
7.2
4.5

total
p.a.
growth
thousand
%
tonnes
2011
1961-2011
0
0
47
0
0
0
1 912
54
157
1 492
11 858
234
4 690
0
0
79
99
0
0
0
386
0
0
2 107
0
0
43
1 976
0
7 248
2 005
504
1 837
2 725
0
0
0
34
142
3 008
3 008
1 417
1 591
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.5
1.6
0.2
0.5
6.2
5.0
2.2
0.9
0.6
2.6
1.1
2.7
3.5
11 298
4 341
19 209
0
0
146
540
0
409
0
9 130
0
227
1 457
0
382
691
6 203
25
42 317
4 901
2 040
8 527
22 704
0
21
0
2 748
1 376
3 955
3 955
3 155
800
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.2
1.2
3.2
0.2
3.5
3.5
5.2
7.0
5.3
2.3
5.7
1.9
2.0
3.6
2.9
233
TABLE 44: Water withdrawal and pressure on renewable water resources

Years
Water withdrawal by sector

% of total
industrial
municipal
agricultural
%
%
%
Water withdrawal
total
per capita
million
m3 /yr
m3 /yr/cap
% of renewable freshwater resources

withdrawn
total
by
agriculture
%
%
1975-2010
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
234
2000
1999
2000
2004
2002
2003
2000
2000
2003
77.1
47.0
15.8
94.5
93.6
79.2
97.5
83.5
67.7
5.9
5.0
0.0
0.2
0.4
3.7
0.9
4.1
2.8
17.0
48.0
84.2
5.3
6.0
17.2
1.6
12.3
29.5
288
10
19
582
5 558
2 735
14 680
970
725
43
17
25
121
81
73
899
82
568
2.3
0.8
6.3
9.2
4.6
8.9
4.4
5.6
26.4
1.8
0.4
1.0
8.7
4.3
7.1
4.2
4.7
17.9
2000
73.9
3.3
22.8
744
39
0.3
0.3
2000
2003
2003
2002
2002
2000
2002
68.0
6.6
99.5
37.8
89.4
75.9
78.9
8.0
27.7
0.1
14.5
0.5
7.5
7.1
24.0
65.7
0.5
47.7
10.2
16.7
14.0
150
14
3 298
317
5 184
1 740
4 205
17
161
378
12
145
163
334
1.6
1.1
22.4
0.5
5.4
1.7
21.0
22.3
0.2
4.8
1.3
16.6
2000
2000
2000
2000
2002
2000
2000
2000
32.8
76.1
1.5
51.8
8.7
17.7
5.7
38.5
28.8
7.1
16.5
24.1
21.7
19.8
14.9
8.8
38.4
16.8
82.0
24.1
69.6
62.6
79.3
52.8
641
959
67
367
46
622
17
130
43
58
17
42
14
12
31
101
0.4
0.3
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2000
2000
2000
2000
63.9
86.4
82.8
87.3
13.5
5.9
3.1
2.9
22.5
7.8
14.1
9.8
6 161
68 300
4 326
12 607
196
973
796
428
52.7
94.7
609.7
43.5
33.8
103.0
512.0
38.0
2000
82.0
4.2
13.8
2 640
296
61.3
47.1
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
41.2
20.0
71.0
62.7
96.5
18.0
40.0
4.7
6.0
1.2
40.7
40.0
24.3
31.2
2.3
194
50
300
12 496
1 042
107
25
152
272
962
1.6
1.0
1.7
25.0
23.1
0.7
0.2
1.2
15.7
22.3
2001
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
45.4
70.1
42.6
90.9
28.1
66.4
83.9
82.3
33.6
90.1
93.7
88.0
53.5
23.1
1.6
19.1
1.8
24.4
9.7
3.2
4.6
26.6
0.9
1.6
1.2
15.1
31.5
28.3
38.3
7.3
47.5
23.9
12.9
13.1
39.8
9.0
4.7
10.8
31.5
130
985
1 409
22
71
982
1 620
175
179
6 546
1 601
2 364
10 306
19
76
82
49
52
49
188
136
60
545
572
202
79
0.5
7.9
1.7
6.8
0.9
1.8
0.7
0.6
0.1
6.5
14.0
7.0
3.6
0.2
5.5
0.7
6.7
0.3
1.2
0.6
0.5
0.0
5.9
13.2
6.2
1.9
2002
2000
2002
93.0
71.0
45.0
2.6
9.7
2.4
4.4
19.4
52.7
2 221
493
169
222
110
33
5.7
0.3
1.2
5.3
0.2
0.5
TABLE 44: Water withdrawal and pressure on renewable water resources (continued)
Years

% of total
industrial
municipal
agricultural
%
%
%
Water withdrawal
total
per capita
million
m3 /yr
m3 /yr/cap

withdrawn
total
by
agriculture
%
%
1975-2010
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
1990
2000
20.0
66.1
20.0
12.2
60.0
21.7
5
32 566
78
865
3.3
4.0
1.9
2.6
2000
2000
2000
32.8
20.0
57.2
38.4
73.3
15.2
28.7
6.7
27.6
61
150
2 027
226
570
234
76.1
0.8
0.3
25.0
0.2
0.2
2006
54.6
17.5
27.9
58 070
306
0.7
0.4
2000
2000
2000
2000
70.3
38.9
53.4
74.7
20.5
4.2
17.2
9.9
9.2
56.9
29.5
15.4
11 337
12 651
2 680
7 555
718
308
656
676
1.2
0.6
2.4
19.8
0.9
0.2
1.3
14.8
2000
2000
2000
64.3
91.5
55.2
1.9
2.5
17.2
33.9
5.9
27.5
3 485
15 253
1 376
393
1 194
230
16.5
3.6
5.5
10.7
3.3
3.0
2000
2000
2000
2000
2000
54.9
97.6
77.5
57.8
34.2
30.4
0.6
3.7
24.8
21.9
14.7
1.8
18.8
17.4
43.9
2 933
1 640
1 200
1 194
585
249
2 222
134
184
223
2.6
0.7
8.6
1.2
6.2
1.4
0.7
6.6
0.7
2.1
2008
76.7
9.3
14.0
79 800
704
17.5
13.4
2000
2000
2000
2000
2005
83.9
50.9
71.4
84.9
7.4
2.1
3.3
8.2
8.3
1.7
14.1
45.8
20.4
6.8
90.9
1 288
452
490
19 341
995
247
147
88
728
264
0.7
0.3
0.1
1.0
14.0
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.9
1.0
2000
2000
92.5
8.6
3.0
25.2
4.5
66.1
670
232
1 396
178
0.5
6.0
0.5
0.5
2000
2000
86.6
43.8
2.2
7.5
11.2
48.7
3 660
9 064
1 101
359
2.6
0.7
2.3
0.3
2000
11.8
68.7
19.6
45 970
1 470
1.6
0.2
2005
40.2
46.1
13.7
478 440
1 583
15.6
6.3
2010
2006
2006
2004
2005
66.2
93.0
90.9
94.3
90.0
29.6
4.2
3.5
3.0
2.7
4.2
2.8
5.6
2.7
7.3
21 143
8 007
11 496
24 958
56 000
1 319
1 575
1 762
5 952
2 158
18.6
32.6
51.1
111.1
100.6
13
31.5
47.7
106.4
103.1
235
Years

% of total
industrial
municipal
agricultural
%
%
%
Water withdrawal
total
per capita
million
m3 /yr
m3 /yr/cap

withdrawn
total
by
agriculture
%
%
1975-2010
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
236
2005
2005
64.6
76.3
23.2
13.2
12.2
10.4
554 130
8 658
410
361
19.5
11.2
12.6
8.6
2001
2005
2002
63.1
44.4
62.0
17.5
31.8
12.0
19.3
23.8
26.0
90 040
511
25 470
714
195
549
20.9
1.5
36.5
13.2
0.7
22.7
2006
2000
2005
2005
2000
2009
1975
2007
2004
2005
94.0
81.9
93.0
34.2
89.0
82.2
4.0
90.4
91.4
94.8
1.5
6.5
4.0
36.2
1.0
10.1
51.0
4.8
0.2
3.7
4.5
11.6
3.1
29.5
10.0
7.6
45.0
4.8
8.4
1.5
2 184
113 288
4 260
13 210
33 225
81 559
190
57 306
1 172
82 030
160
517
718
488
729
875
82
845
1 105
965
0.5
5.6
1.3
2.3
2.8
17.0
31.7
13.1
14.3
9.3
0.4
4.6
1.2
0.8
2.5
14.0
1.3
11.8
13.0
8.8
2000
2008
2008
2010
2004
2008
2005
2008
2005
98.8
87.8
94.1
90.4
92.2
0.0
98.2
94.0
87.4
0.6
2.1
0.9
2.2
1.2
5.1
0.3
0.8
6.4
0.7
10.0
5.0
7.4
6.6
94.9
1.5
5.3
6.2
23 123
35 870
338
761 000
93 300
6
9 787
183 450
12 946
938
241
466
621
1 306
19
345
1 057
639
35.6
2.9
0.4
33.9
67.7
15.7
4.7
74.4
24.5
35.1
2.6
0.4
36.0
62.6
0.0
4.6
69.9
21.4
2006
2005
2003
2009
2005
2000
2004
2005
2002
2005
2005
2003
2005
2006
2003
2003
2005
2005
65.8
76.4
44.5
86.4
58.2
78.8
57.8
65.0
53.9
59.5
45.2
88.4
59.0
88.0
87.5
73.8
82.8
90.7
4.4
19.3
5.7
3.3
22.1
14.7
5.8
4.1
2.3
11.5
6.9
1.4
1.8
3.0
3.7
10.7
1.7
1.8
29.8
4.3
49.8
10.3
19.7
6.5
36.4
31.0
43.9
29.0
47.8
10.1
39.2
9.0
8.8
15.5
15.4
7.4
2 827
12 211
357
184
1 813
66 000
1 954
941
913
1 310
418
1 321
444
23 670
16 760
40 100
3 998
3 565
920
1 384
386
167
411
2 616
282
166
441
317
112
516
377
928
867
573
740
162
36.4
34.8
205.8
18.4
2.9
87.3
101.9
90.5
2 075.0
18.6
49.9
83.9
381.0
936.2
86.4
18.3
1 867.0
168.6
23.9
26.9
137.2
20.4
1.7
68.8
63.4
65.2
2 460.0
17.3
22.6
83.4
451.7
867.9
87.3
13.9
2 208.0
154.0
2000
2009
2007
2005
2009
2000
2009
2001
2007
2000
19.4
16.3
1.8
5.6
9.7
39.7
17.0
19.9
3.2
51.2
53.8
67.7
56.5
82.5
59.6
51.8
61.1
59.8
50.3
36.4
26.9
16.0
41.7
11.9
30.7
8.6
21.9
20.2
46.5
12.5
4 338
6 119
1 699
5 590
11 959
1 915
6 876
66 200
688
38 483
435
817
165
557
313
483
320
455
127
801
7.5
28.7
12.9
5.4
19.4
16.4
3.2
1.5
1.4
27.6
1.4
4.7
0.2
0.3
1.9
6.5
0.6
0.3
0.0
14.1
2009
2007
36.1
0.4
5.5
96.5
58.5
3.0
660
1 796
119
1 337
10.8
14.0
4.0
0.1
2005
3.1
72.2
24.7
1 634
309
1.5
0.0
2005
42.4
8.5
49.1
165
539
0.1
0.0
Years

% of total
industrial
municipal
agricultural
%
%
%
Water withdrawal
total
per capita
million
m3 /yr
m3 /yr/cap

withdrawn
total
by
agriculture
%
%
1975-2010
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
2000
0.0
0.0
100.0
580
0.0
2000
2007
2006
11.6
3.4
28.8
49.6
90.0
42.9
38.7
6.6
28.3
413
2 378
2 939
176
704
622
1.2
9.6
0.8
0.1
0.3
0.2
2007
2003
4.1
9.9
58.7
33.0
37.2
57.1
2 616
12 990
286
213
1.5
8.8
0.1
0.9
2000
57.7
12.4
29.9
1 838
595
4.4
2.5
2008
2009
0.0
1.7
12.7
13.6
87.3
84.6
384
631
90
143
0.9
0.6
0.0
2007
89.3
1.8
8.9
9 471
841
12.7
11.4
2000
2000
2008
2002
44.1
35.3
1.1
73.0
35.9
0.9
39.0
19.4
20.1
63.8
59.9
7.6
45 411
54
161
8 463
790
134
255
812
23.7
71.3
10.5
37.6
12.3
9.0
2009
2009
2008
2007
1.9
0.2
60.5
12.3
81.6
82.3
21.7
66.6
16.6
17.5
17.8
21.1
4 121
942
32 461
1 028
418
464
705
502
2.5
3.0
29.0
16.1
0.0
0.0
17.6
2.0
2000
2007
2007
2007
2.7
0.6
12.4
0.3
79.0
87.7
69.3
83.9
18.3
11.7
18.3
15.9
3 657
6 216
31 618
32 299
452
590
512
391
4.7
34.0
15.0
21.0
0.1
0.2
1.9
0.1
1999
2009
2008
2000
0.3
0.0
0.7
1.9
36.5
0.0
87.5
57.5
63.1
100.0
11.8
40.6
60
5
10 606
2 614
136
143
639
360
1.9
0.0
11.7
4.9
0.1
0.1
2000
2002
73.8
74.3
10.6
4.2
15.6
21.5
22 580
4 753
1 152
1 200
4.6
1.5
3.4
1.1
2000
61.2
10.8
28.0
82
100
0.3
0.2
2005
0.3
42.7
57.0
392
61
0.0
0.0
237
TABLE 45: Species threatened and nationally protected areas

mammals
species
2011
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
238
Threatened species
birds
fish
species
2011
species
2011
higher
plants
species
2011
Nationally protected areas

terrestrial
territorial waters
% of total land area
%
%
1990
2009
3 088
825
300
11
5
8
10
33
28
65
7
6
3 372
717
305
11
9
8
12
24
31
35
15
11
6 137
1 942
704
17
6
16
18
14
68
85
101
13
10 924
2 502
1 004
2
4
2
4
24
126
273
12
88
8.9
9.4
16.3
3.8
0.0
0.0
11.6
2.2
15.0
1.7
12.3
10.1
17.5
4.8
0.0
0.0
5.0
18.4
11.8
3.1
15.0
4.5
12
24
55
40
14.8
15.8
20
5
15
22
35
9
9
153
15
38
8
13
11
30
19
14
5
89
14
17
12
18
12
10
12
21
42
14
14
119
23
20
9
9
2
35
5
4
12
52
9
9
3
10
9
17
27
61
174
20
3
386
39
112
3
1
46
83
29
61
12
200
36
39
24
47
4
55
21
36
290
9
14
770
34
378
17
2
37
80
68
120
34
66
12
2
2
28
9.9
42.0
0.6
7.9
26.6
36.0
18.0
10.4
12.4
7.0
17.5
9.4
5.4
10.0
7.3
4.6
10.0
42.0
0.6
10.3
27.5
36.0
28.0
11.2
12.4
9.2
17.7
9.4
9.4
10.0
19.2
15.1
3.4
6.3
1.9
0.1
1.2
15
15
19
16
13
35
50
7
2
12
24
5
233
11
9
3
23
10
16
22
12
18
12
15
12
26
93
10
7
25
40
11
148
6
7
4
15
8
13
13
5
11
9
11
7
14
16
17
11
10
10
5
% of territorial waters
%
%
1990
2010
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
5.2
0.0
10.5
0.1
0.3
0.3
1.8
3.3
0.5
0.0
0.5
0.0
3.7
10.0
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.0
3.8
0.0
0.2
32.8
4.4
2.6
7.3
3.9
6.3
5.9
0.1
1.5
0.2
4.4
0.0
0.8
0.3
9.3
0.1
1.3
4.2
4.2
0.0
0.0
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.2
121
2
1
27
87
4
531
27
4
24
45
23
44
65
32
53
3
32
4
59
97
0
4
25
65
3
565
13
3
3
106
4
117
22
4
47
7
0
2
171
14.0
30.3
0.5
14.4
6.5
3.0
7.8
23.8
13.7
2.5
22.6
1.5
14.6
6.8
7.6
1.6
2.3
0.5
7.1
11.6
14.4
30.9
0.5
14.9
6.9
3.0
8.1
23.8
14.2
2.5
22.6
1.5
14.7
6.8
16.1
1.8
2.4
0.5
7.1
12.8
0.5
0.7
8.2
6.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
2.7
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
45.8
0.0
32.1
32.1
0.2
0.2
45
47
24
9
48
9
24.1
4.9
11.3
24.1
4.9
11.3
5.8
0.0
0.0
12.4
0.0
0.0
TABLE 45: Species threatened and nationally protected areas (continued)

mammals
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Threatened species
birds
fish
species
2011
higher
plants
species
2011

terrestrial
territorial waters
%
%
1990
2009
%
%
1990
2010
species
2011
species
2011
669
610
899
807
1 364
1 124
4 357
4 134
9.4
9.7
15.6
20.1
2
38
2
7
3
8
20
1
49
1
6
2
4
34
17
37
15
28
19
30
0
4
35
1
4
2
27
72
6.4
4.6
0.1
6.1
0.1
15.4
8.8
7.0
5.5
0.1
13.7
0.1
27.9
18.5
0.5
0.8
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.7
1.1
0.0
0.4
0.1
11.9
81
122
84
389
9.0
26.3
8.2
16.5
1
20
52
9
14
1
34
94
19
17
18
20
54
50
34
2
34
215
112
155
7.1
16.0
19.3
18.7
4.3
8.7
16.6
20.9
20.9
6.2
1.1
3.5
0.9
11.9
1.3
1.2
3.7
15.5
12.2
4.4
3
6
43
5
3
14
73
5
18
21
50
14
9
27
1 714
24
21.4
22.2
21.6
0.4
21.7
22.2
25.1
0.8
0.1
30.4
0.2
3.1
0.1
30.4
75.4
3.1
18
1.7
1.7
0.0
0.0
16
10
5
7
5
10
3
13
9
10
25
28
20
27
21
72
21
26
107
206
25.9
2.9
0.3
13.6
10.2
30.6
5.0
0.3
18.2
18.9
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
12.5
0.0
0.0
1.9
4.2
100
56
152
191
2.2
11.1
1.1
16.7
6
15
8
54
3
12
17
27
98
8
30
41
0
20
19
40
192
9
268
51
15.4
17.2
2.9
4.7
10.0
36.7
18.7
5.4
13.6
10.1
0.6
3.1
37.2
4.0
2.8
1.5
2.8
1.6
2
2
1
2
1
5
0
2
18
19
4
19
2
5
2
4
3.6
14.3
3.6
14.3
0.5
0.1
0.5
0.1
10.9
10.9
0.6
0.6
8
2
2
2
11
32
59
4
12
6
0
2
2
1
24
27
92
1
15
0
26
24
17
14
36
37
240
15
35
7
26
1
2
12
0
68
223
3
1
0
3.5
30.5
4.9
15.2
0.3
40.1
9.1
5.2
4.7
40.4
11.6
31.2
42.9
15.2
0.3
53.8
10.6
5.6
7.5
40.5
22.9
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.2
7.0
22.9
2.8
1.0
0.6
0.3
15.3
4.8
0.6
36.1
5.0
1.2
36.3
37
1 193
49
16
6
8
9
10
76
1 182
75
20
12
12
16
15
183
1 584
40
14
3
5
11
7
219
2 957
61
16
14
13
3
15
12.4
8.6
12.4
11.9
2.8
2.5
6.9
4.1
3.0
2.3
21.0
28.6
239

mammals
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
240
Threatened species
birds
fish
higher
plants

terrestrial
territorial waters
%
%
1990
2009
%
%
1990
2010
species
2011
species
2011
species
2011
species
2011
134
2
0
75
9
222
20
4
86
24
228
13
5
113
13
394
6
0
374
5
12.1
41.1
16.0
41.8
13.5
4.3
16.6
5.9
0.4
0.1
1.3
0.1
28
11
9
579
34
37
184
45
70
45
38
11
57
4
54
267
11
34
27
94
16
2
31
23
29
164
9
7
3
5
10
13
15
13
6
10
3
9
3
9
16
17
7
9
226
77
4
7
2
2
5
4
7
32
3
11
36
39
20
29
463
24
24
119
23
45
43
74
15
46
7
43
233
14
30
18
78
20
0
31
27
15
189
12
14
3
4
10
16
13
10
8
8
9
11
4
15
14
14
9
15
254
119
4
11
5
8
6
8
11
49
6
11
24
64
1
19
604
7
42
140
46
64
39
71
25
97
5
68
370
5
18
3
212
29
18
7
34
44
342
3
10
8
19
9
11
36
13
11
22
0
26
11
23
34
70
13
23
875
127
2
19
2
9
7
8
19
35
5
21
154
6
0
3
1 712
98
29
385
17
674
37
210
57
86
0
119
597
2
15
2
291
1
0
2
2
282
193
1
0
0
16
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
6
0
3
2
5
0
158
540
64
0
5
8
8
8
2
4
8
5
16.0
20
13.4
4.1
2.2
8.7
36.7
0.0
10.0
1.5
17.1
3.1
8.7
5.0
14.7
16.5
13.4
2.4
13.8
44.0
25.8
14.1
16.6
18.1
6.3
10.9
5.4
20.1
6.1
6.2
6.2
0.4
1.8
28.3
5.0
7.1
2.0
5.5
3.5
3.9
1.4
0.0
0.5
1.4
0.4
2.0
1.5
0.3
0.5
0.0
4.0
0.0
0.3
2.0
0.3
2.5
1.4
4.4
6.7
1.7
0.4
0.8
1.6
1.0
1.7
1.7
1.8
0.1
1.8
1.1
0.0
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.6
0.4
0.0
0.4
30.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.0
2.4
0.3
0.0
1.3
0.3
3.4
0.6
2.4
2.6
1.8
0.2
3.2
3.4
4.1
1.6
2.2
33.3
10.8
4.1
4.9
2
1
5
1
2
3
0
4
15
5
8
6
1
0
0
1
12
4.5
5.3
0.4
1.7
14.2
4.7
5.2
7.7
10.1
20.3
4.4
1.3
7.1
0.1
16.3
0.7
1.6
0.5
0.6
0.0
1.7
7.6
0.3
1.7
0.3
8.5
8.1
2.0
4.6
15.3
2.9
8.4
17.0
10.1
21.5
15.5
8.0
7.1
1.3
10.5
3.7
0.1
17.8
1.9
1.6
0.5
0.6
10.7
2.5
31.3
0.6
1.9
5.6
0.5
10.4
9.1
7.2
9.2
15.1
5.1
22.4
1.4
7.1
9.1
23.2
3.5
14.2
9.3
4.2
9.3
4.9
20.4
0.0
3.0
25.3
0.0
3.2
26.5
4.2
9.0
3.5
5.0
9.6
19.7
0.1
3.9

mammals
species
2011
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Threatened species
birds
fish
species
2011
species
2011
higher
plants
species
2011

terrestrial
territorial waters
%
%
1990
2009
5
0
1
0
20
2
1
0
1
3
7
4
4
2
6
6
19
0
0
2
1
5
84
3
2
4
7
2
2
87
5
1
5
10
12
43
471
39
0
31
60
4
11
405
0
0
0
5
6.0
22.0
6.4
3.4
5.6
10
10
75
52
7
3
6
11
0
6
4
16
5
7
2
10
8
0
9
2
9
9
47
17
25
53
0
11
29
71
13
29
3
3
9
6
0
0
2
4
2
175
64
55
9
24
7
2
6
5
0
1
0
2
1
320
122
52
70
82
6
9
39
20
8
21
2
1
2
7
%
%
1990
2010
0.6
1.8
0.1
0.2
7.0
18.0
14.5
14.6
4.6
0.8
1.2
6.7
10.7
2.4
10.9
26.4
10.6
9.8
6.1
0.6
13.0
3.9
4.9
5.3
5.7
0.2
1.6
0.7
1.3
0.7
3.4
5.7
16.2
0.5
2.6
61
4
1
68
0
2
7
205
0
5.0
0.1
15.1
17.3
13.3
8.3
0.5
0.3
0.8
2.1
17.4
0.4
0.8
3.1
6.0
13.2
8.6
4.9
0.0
0.6
0.7
3.5
123
11
11
44
23
0
1
11
13
9
372
126
103
23
51
9
0
27
13
0
0
0
0
2
568
46
27
19
18.4
20.1
25.5
22.9
13.8
16.5
42.4
42.4
20.0
0.0
0.3
35.7
0.0
21.3
40.3
11.2
14.5
7.7
8.1
7.5
25.4
12.4
24.9
10.7
11.1
10.6
26.2
0.1
12.8
100.0
22.1
10.9
0.4
28.3
10.8
94
14
15
37
20
8
53
14
6
4
10
112
13
26
42
16
15
70
8
10
11
16
457
61
230
142
16
8
13
3
0
0
3
2.0
1.1
5.5
1.9
0.1
3.7
13.2
25.5
5.0
4.9
1.3
60.2
3.1
0.1
4.3
13.7
26.4
23.2
3.1
4.0
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.1
17.7
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.8
22.6
0.6
0.1
5
4
8
1
15
4
51
8
11
14
64
9
4
3
52
1
0.0
0.5
28.7
5.3
1.2
0.3
12.8
2.0
2.9
0.3
2.1
17
32
22
47
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.1
12
2.4
3.4
0.5
0.5
2
2
4
1
11
10
2
0
1.4
14.5
0.4
0.0
0.0
9.4
0.2
5.8
7.7
10.2
31.9
38.9
241
TABLE 46: Agri-environmental indicators

cattle and buffaloes
per ha of agricultural area
head/ha
head/ha
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
242
Stock of
sheep and goats
head/ha
head/ha
2000
2009
2000
2009
0.3
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.3
1.1
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
2.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3
1.4
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.7
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.9
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.0
0.4
0.7
0.0
0.1
0.8
0.6
1.3
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.9
0.6
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.5
2.4
0.3
0.7
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions

poultry birds
head/ha
head/ha
2000
2009
0.4
0.5
0.5
1.4
0.9
0.6
0.5
1.3
0.9
0.0
0.7
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.9
1.7
1.8
0.5
0.8
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.9
0.9
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.7
0.6
2.6
0.6
0.7
3.2
1.1
0.9
1.8
3.4
0.0
0.2
0.9
1.0
0.8
3.1
69.8
0.0
0.7
255.4
0.8
138.8
0.1
2.2
0.9
1.3
1.2
0.4
0.1
2.4
0.8
0.1
0.2
1.0
1.0
0.6
7.3
2.1
2.8
36.1
1.6
4.5
4.3
1.4
1.1
2.3
3.4
0.0
0.2
1.1
1.2
0.9
2.8
139.8
0.0
0.6
334.6
1.7
130.0
0.1
2.3
1.0
1.4
2.0
0.6
0.2
4.8
1.2
0.1
0.2
0.9
1.2
0.6
8.3
2.4
3.0
38.4
1.7
5.8
0.6
0.9
0.7
0.9
0.3
6.7
0.3
7.7
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.2
0.6
0.7
0.1
0.5
0.6
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.8
0.1
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
1.5
0.1
1.7
0.4
0.4
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.3
0.5
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.9
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.7
0.7
1.7
0.1
2.7
0.9
0.5
0.2
0.7
0.2
0.7
0.3
0.5
1.2
0.2
0.8
0.1
0.4
0.1
1.3
2.5
1.1
3.7
2.2
1.5
6.8
0.9
1.4
0.9
0.8
1.6
0.6
0.1
0.3
1.6
0.6
1.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
1.7
2.6
1.7
4.8
3.1
2.0
6.8
1.2
2.8
1.4
0.9
2.6
0.9
0.1
0.4
2.5
0.7
0.3
0.1
0.1
1.0
0.1
0.8
1.1
0.4
1.2
2.8
2.5
2.5
3.7
2.7
5.9
kg/day
2005-06*
kg/day/worker
2005-06*
2 774.9
26 759.0
0.2
0.2
92 769.7
0.1
15 436.0
0.2
30 022.3
0.3
79 829.1
0.2
5 016.0
4 021.7
0.3
0.1
191 580.5
0.2
TABLE 46: Agri-environmental indicators (continued)

head/ha
head/ha
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Stock of
sheep and goats
head/ha
head/ha

poultry birds
head/ha
head/ha
2000
2009
2000
2009
2000
2009
0.4
0.5
0.4
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
3.8
3.1
4.7
4.2
1.0
0.4
0.0
0.1
1.2
0.4
0.2
1.1
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.6
0.2
4.0
0.1
0.0
1.5
0.5
0.0
0.3
4.5
0.1
0.0
1.5
0.9
0.1
0.3
8.5
0.9
0.0
180.8
184.4
6.6
1.6
11.5
0.7
0.0
214.3
191.9
10.2
4.4
0.7
0.3
0.7
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.6
0.8
0.3
0.8
0.2
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.1
2.3
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.5
0.1
2.3
0.8
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.6
3.3
0.0
2.2
3.8
2.3
9.3
4.3
4.8
0.0
2.2
4.6
3.7
12.3
4.6
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.7
0.0
0.4
0.4
1.3
0.6
0.1
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.9
0.3
3.2
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.2
1.6
0.6
1.1
0.7
0.9
0.0
0.6
0.4
1.7
0.7
0.1
0.8
0.8
0.4
0.8
0.3
3.3
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.3
2.0
0.8
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.6
0.1
1.7
0.8
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.0
0.9
0.9
0.1
3.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.1
0.7
0.2
0.3
0.0
0.6
0.1
1.8
0.5
0.2
0.1
1.1
0.0
1.1
0.9
0.2
4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.1
9.0
18.3
16.9
6.6
0.0
9.4
12.5
9.3
6.9
6.1
3.5
5.9
24.4
14.4
3.4
12.0
2.6
6.6
0.8
4.4
44.2
7.8
36.9
13.3
8.8
0.0
10.2
22.4
7.4
7.3
13.9
3.3
13.2
30.6
13.3
5.0
11.7
3.6
7.5
0.9
6.4
69.5
0.5
0.6
1.3
1.0
3.0
1.4
2.9
1.8
6.3
13.8
14.5
40.9
0.6
0.5
1.9
2.1
20.0
25.0
1.3
0.5
0.0
1.1
0.7
0.7
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.7
0.7
0.0
2.0
0.8
0.8
0.2
0.9
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.9
0.0
1.0
0.9
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.0
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.2
1.2
0.0
1.8
0.6
0.1
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.9
0.5
0.5
40.5
287.2
0.0
5.0
0.9
5.6
4.8
45.0
2.4
0.0
4.0
5.2
5.0
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.5
72.6
592.6
0.0
10.0
1.2
5.4
5.4
67.6
2.5
0.0
13.7
5.8
7.2
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.8
0.5
1.1
kg/day
2005-06*
kg/day/worker
2005-06*
92 501.0
86 991.8
0.3
0.2
44 748.0
0.3
13 734.3
0.3
1 850 753.0
0.1
96 769.6
11 898.3
11 936.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
243

head/ha
head/ha
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
244
Stock of
sheep and goats
head/ha
head/ha
2000
2009
2000
2009
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.9
0.0
1.1
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.3
1.2
0.1
1.2
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.7
0.8
1.2
0.1
2.5
0.6
1.6
0.1
0.0
2.5
1.7
0.6
0.1
0.4
0.4
1.2
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.7

poultry birds
head/ha
head/ha
kg/day
2005-06*
kg/day/worker
2005-06*
2000
2009
0.5
0.1
7.2
1 250.0
9.3
1 491.7
0.5
0.9
0.5
1.3
8.3
6.2
10.7
6.8
8 823 750.0
0.1
1.0
0.0
1.7
0.5
0.4
0.8
0.3
1.1
0.1
1.3
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.7
0.9
1.4
0.1
2.7
0.6
1.8
0.2
0.0
2.8
2.4
0.6
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.9
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.8
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.6
0.4
0.0
0.3
0.1
1.2
0.6
3.7
0.1
1.0
1.3
0.0
1.7
2.7
0.2
0.4
0.4
1.2
4.6
4.1
0.2
0.9
0.8
2.2
5.2
1.3
2.4
1.2
6.0
0.1
1.1
0.9
3.2
0.6
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.6
0.1
0.2
0.0
1.3
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.3
0.9
0.0
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.9
0.0
0.5
0.1
1.5
0.5
5.6
0.1
1.2
1.5
0.0
2.2
3.3
0.1
0.4
0.3
1.8
7.8
4.6
0.3
1.1
1.0
2.9
4.0
1.2
2.6
1.1
5.6
0.1
1.4
0.8
6.0
0.8
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.7
0.1
0.2
0.0
1.0
56.3
0.0
54.6
15.5
966.8
4.3
19.5
8.1
19.6
4.8
11.3
2 250.0
12.7
3.0
22.3
3.1
0.2
17.6
0.4
2.2
4.0
0.0
4.5
5.7
4.5
2.3
3.2
3.1
53.3
31.9
2.8
2.5
59.6
22.0
177.8
52.1
31.0
3.2
63.8
0.7
1.7
6.1
22.1
1.3
4.0
2.3
3.0
2.7
3.5
5.3
3.0
4.9
5.2
1.6
2.7
3.4
6.1
61.9
0.0
81.7
20.8
1 253.6
4.9
26.7
11.1
32.5
11.3
14.2
5 642.9
12.4
2.1
26.5
7.3
0.3
28.7
0.5
4.3
18.1
0.0
5.9
11.4
5.2
2.7
2.4
4.8
67.3
32.2
2.7
3.1
87.4
26.5
270.9
54.5
20.4
2.3
104.6
0.9
1.9
6.4
31.6
2.5
4.4
3.0
3.5
3.5
5.9
6.9
8.7
7.4
6.9
1.9
5.8
4.3
6.1
1 126 863.0
8 018.7
319 603.5
0.1
0.2
0.1
882 985.4
0.2
208 312.4
0.1
144 629.1
36 009.7
581 425.0
0.1
0.1
0.2
500 481.5
0.1
160 776.1
0.2
153 680.3
266 108.7
0.2
0.2
18 835.5
0.2
7 858.6
0.2
27 207.6
0.2
6 631.2
6 387.9
106 621.2
77 853.6
346 373.9
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
46 526.3
0.2
101 206.1
146 529.2
110 605.2
359 696.7
21 124.8
228 075.4
1 388 069.0
47 903.4
537 407.9
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.7
0.3
0.7
0.5
0.0
0.6
0.3
0.7
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.0
22.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
22.7
0.1
0.0
8.2
2.5
0.0
3.8
0.0
7.4
1.9
0.0
2.3
60 952.0
16 443.1
0.2
0.1
55 320.7
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1

head/ha
head/ha
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Stock of
sheep and goats
head/ha
head/ha

poultry birds
head/ha
head/ha
2009
2000
2009
1.6
0.0
1.6
0.0
1.2
0.0
1.1
0.0
3.3
0.0
4.0
0.0
28 384.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.9
0.2
0.3
0.9
0.0
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
2.3
2.2
1.9
3.4
2.5
3.4
4.6
29 260.2
42 625.5
46 923.9
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.3
0.6
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.1
2.5
0.9
2.7
0.0
0.3
0.5
0.2
1.8
0.8
2.1
0.0
0.5
0.5
2.4
10.0
5.5
4.6
0.0
4.6
9.6
2.4
9.6
6.5
6.9
0.0
8.8
5.8
96 883.4
521 716.1
0.1
0.2
3 588.3
0.3
41 825.8
0.2
0.1
0.1
1.7
1.7
3.6
4.0
60 775.4
0.2
0.5
2.1
0.8
1.9
0.1
0.2
87 724.1
0.2
8.8
4.3
2.7
10.4
117.2
0.8
12.4
0.0
4.5
5.5
5.0
2.1
479 215.5
4 074.0
0.2
0.9
1.1
0.7
2.0
0.4
0.8
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.8
0.8
7.9
92.2
0.9
0.2
0.2
0.5
1.7
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.2
28 770.5
378 843.8
19 953.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.6
2.2
0.7
0.9
0.7
1.6
0.8
0.6
1.9
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.5
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.7
0.1
10.7
4.3
28.2
10.2
7.0
0.0
0.6
8.9
4.8
24.7
6.6
7.7
0.0
0.7
84 397.8
95 874.2
569 353.3
936 197.3
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
4 257.4
0.2
2.1
1.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.4
0.8
0.5
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
2.1
1.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.9
0.0
0.3
0.7
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.9
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.8
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
2.8
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.8
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
2.8
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.4
0.0
54.5
4.5
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.9
0.0
4.6
9.7
1.9
3.7
2.5
1.9
7.7
10.0
10.7
0.0
8.3
12.5
0.0
0.0
8.0
7.6
8.3
7.7
2.5
51.7
5.8
0.3
0.3
0.2
1.2
0.0
4.5
8.7
2.0
3.7
2.9
4.3
10.0
10.5
16.8
0.0
8.7
12.5
0.0
0.0
8.8
8.0
6.7
6.8
3.0
128 220.0
0.2
62 458.6
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
1.2
7.0
8.3
10.0
20.0
10.5
9.3
8.3
10.6
25.0
10.8
1.1
0.0
11.1
0.0
2009
2005-06*
kg/day/worker
2005-06*
2000
0.4
0.0
2000
kg/day
245
TABLE 47: Water pollution
food
industry
%
2005-06*
clay and
glass
industry
%
2005-06*
Water pollution
% of total BOD emissions
metal
other
industry
industry
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
9.5
10.6
13.2
8.5
30.0
30.7
0.2
1.8
17.8
11.3
4.1
6.8
25.1
28.8
1.5
12.4
2.8
7.6
0.3
10.0
1.6
58.9
6.3
15.1
0.4
11.0
3.8
63.1
0.6
chemical
industry
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cte dIvoire
Cape Verde
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
246
6.1
%
2005-06*
paper and
pulp
industry
%
2005-06*
textile
industry
wood
industry
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
8.6
1.9
61.2
2.6
5.3
4.8
12.7
2.9
8.7
9.5
17.4
1.0
16.7
2.8
42.1
1.9
1.1
0.6
1.2
56.7
3.4
0.9
36.9
1.9
2.4
0.5
3.4
91.0
11.4
5.2
14.7
5.8
39.6
7.0
11.9
4.3
TABLE 47: Water pollution (continued)
chemical
industry
%
2005-06*
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Saint Martin (French Part)
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
clay and
glass
industry
%
2005-06*
food
industry
Water pollution
metal
other
industry
industry
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
paper and
pulp
industry
%
2005-06*
textile
industry
wood
industry
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
13.7
17.3
3.6
5.3
35.1
21.3
7.6
2.3
17.7
19.9
6.3
8.9
9.1
24.1
6.9
0.9
12.8
4.4
46.4
1.8
12.3
7.8
12.3
2.2
6.9
4.0
55.2
0.9
15.0
11.6
4.7
1.6
13.1
3.9
12.0
3.5
51.1
8.1
4.3
4.1
8.9
8.3
3.8
7.9
14.8
10.3
18.5
24.7
15.2
33.7
8.6
18.9
24.0
24.5
6.5
2.3
6.4
2.6
4.3
11.0
42.4
0.5
1.8
0.3
247
chemical
industry
%
2005-06*
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
248
clay and
glass
industry
%
2005-06*
food
industry
Water pollution
metal
other
industry
industry
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
paper and
pulp
industry
%
2005-06*
textile
industry
wood
industry
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
13.0
6.5
7.4
7.2
38.7
4.1
21.4
1.7
11.2
2.9
12.1
3.6
10.2
3.0
15.0
26.2
6.3
3.3
3.8
4.2
52.5
4.1
58.9
7.0
4.4
5.4
5.3
43.6
9.3
2.0
4.8
0.9
12.0
4.0
23.1
1.4
19.9
4.1
29.2
6.3
16.5
3.8
9.1
2.8
48.5
4.9
6.6
7.8
9.5
11.4
12.4
2.7
1.3
4.7
14.4
5.3
16.4
2.6
0.5
1.9
42.9
72.9
37.2
4.2
5.8
4.2
21.6
2.4
20.5
2.1
0.4
2.8
6.8
6.7
13.3
1.4
24.7
3.5
40.3
3.3
12.8
13.8
16.1
7.1
35.5
2.8
11.2
0.7
9.1
9.0
4.3
6.3
15.1
22.4
2.2
2.6
11.2
9.3
1.9
4.3
55.6
43.6
0.4
2.5
18.7
6.5
19.0
9.7
28.5
2.5
13.6
1.4
9.4
9.8
36.2
0.3
21.9
9.1
5.5
7.8
14.7
11.6
21.6
2.5
24.2
6.1
16.8
2.6
16.3
10.5
11.6
7.1
8.6
23.7
18.1
10.7
11.4
6.6
21.6
6.5
20.0
20.2
12.4
4.3
3.7
3.2
1.5
3.8
21.6
21.3
30.0
20.9
30.9
5.1
6.7
6.9
1.9
3.8
5.2
20.7
14.4
32.0
32.2
2.1
12.5
3.3
5.1
1.7
7.4
14.6
35.9
19.4
2.1
15.5
5.1
7.6
10.9
10.6
11.3
4.6
6.4
3.7
5.5
4.6
9.0
7.9
14.5
4.3
4.8
6.4
5.1
3.3
3.4
5.0
5.4
4.1
3.0
4.4
3.3
4.9
3.9
8.0
6.0
6.5
30.6
49.8
49.0
41.5
1.0
35.4
37.7
51.7
35.8
28.0
7.4
9.1
10.3
6.7
11.9
9.1
10.3
18.0
10.9
15.2
18.1
95.7
13.4
17.8
10.7
20.7
27.4
6.6
5.0
6.1
5.1
4.2
4.2
2.1
13.1
8.4
4.8
5.1
16.4
15.1
1.4
0.4
47.3
37.9
11.5
7.3
1.5
8.8
4.0
17.0
8.7
4.4
9.0
1.0
51.4
15.4
2.8
7.3
3.8
5.4
2.7
3.3
chemical
industry
%
2005-06*
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
clay and
glass
industry
%
2005-06*
food
industry
Water pollution
metal
other
industry
industry
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
paper and
pulp
industry
%
2005-06*
textile
industry
wood
industry
%
2005-06*
%
2005-06*
17.6
5.9
14.8
1.3
45.5
10.2
0.8
3.8
5.6
7.6
7.5
3.9
4.4
4.3
21.8
20.0
19.1
2.6
0.8
4.9
27.1
31.2
44.2
6.8
5.2
12.1
12.6
19.3
2.0
19.6
11.5
6.0
9.9
13.5
2.6
3.6
8.6
14.9
5.3
2.7
54.9
46.1
11.9
12.5
1.2
4.3
5.6
2.5
39.8
60.2
9.5
5.9
18.0
3.2
36.0
7.2
15.3
4.8
10.1
7.0
23.9
3.9
28.9
9.0
14.4
2.8
10.3
10.4
5.4
4.5
9.3
17.1
3.5
0.3
49.6
46.7
5.2
9.0
13.6
11.3
2.9
0.5
3.4
5.2
19.8
0.2
38.5
8.1
16.3
8.5
11.8
10.8
6.8
3.6
7.9
3.3
8.6
15.3
15.9
4.5
3.1
5.8
49.3
42.7
18.2
6.4
8.0
4.7
10.9
8.4
42.4
4.9
3.8
2.8
9.3
18.6
15.0
12.4
5.8
3.1
3.8
3.4
12.2
16.4
16.6
11.4
5.7
6.4
3.2
3.8
49.5
40.0
46.9
57.6
7.1
7.9
7.4
7.1
4.3
5.5
4.8
2.4
6.0
2.2
2.4
1.9
27.2
13.7
15.5
0.7
31.4
9.0
0.4
2.2
14.1
4.0
18.2
3.1
42.5
13.4
2.1
2.6
8.6
3.1
30.4
2.0
29.3
12.7
6.1
7.8
249
TABLE 48: Renewable feedstocks

Production
Organic
agriculture
% of total
area
biofuel
Production
natural fibre
total
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
250
thousand
kilotonne
of oil
equivalent
2000
thousand
kilotonne
of oil
equivalent
2009
954
202
59
0
0
0
1
17
11
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
12
5
6
28
6
5
0
0
1
16
0
1
0
14
0
1
0
0
1 132
258
83
0
0
0
1
30
14
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
17
6
6
35
7
4
0
0
1
21
0
1
0
14
0
2
0
0
0.8
0.1
0.0
28 143
1 397
401
1
0
0
0
41
28
25
8
0
0
61
0
0
0
2
26
134
35
40
107
2
62
4
26
0
12
0
0
0
169
0
148
0
2
11
1
11
1
0.3
1.7
19
1
14
1
0
0
13
0
88
1
0
0
4
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
74
0
15
0
0
0
14
0
112
2
0
0
8
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
92
0
1
0
2
1
0
2
2009
0.0
0.8
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.2
1.6
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.3
0.0
1.5
thousand
tonnes
2010
recovered paper
p.a.
growth
%
1992-2010
thousand
tonnes
thousand
tonnes
2000
2011
6.2
142 951
1 305
129
0
0
0
0
2
38
2
0
3
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
78
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
466
37
350
0
35
210 681
1 724
121
0
0
0
0
2
38
2
0
3
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
70
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
493
32
380
0
35
6.1
1.0
6
38
40
696
0
0
0
690
6
14
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
1 096
0
0
0
1 090
6
14
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.9
2.0
0.5
4.6
0.6
6.3
0.5
3.2
7.6
0.7
7.6
3.1
4.9
0.9
4.8
3.3
0.6
4.9
0.3
5.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.3
2.1
0.0
14
0
0
0
13
1
707
76
190
0
85
0
9
13
2
0
79
0
1
221
0
8
8
14
3.5
3.5
8.4
0.6
5.8
0.1
9.9
0.9
2.6
6.3
3.0
2.9
3.5
4.9
2.4
5.9
TABLE 48: Renewable feedstocks (continued)

Production
Organic
agriculture
% of total
area
biofuel
Production
natural fibre
total
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
thousand
kilotonne
of oil
equivalent
2000
thousand
kilotonne
of oil
equivalent
2009
163
91
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
46
0
0
4
4
0
5
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
2
1
1
0
9
0
1
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
72
0
12
0
0
61
519
0
0
0
0
0
0
209
124
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
77
0
0
5
4
1
2
0
0
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
5
0
2
2
1
0
8
0
1
0
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
86
0
11
0
0
74
556
0
0
0
0
0
0
2009
0.1
3.0
0.8
0.1
0.6
0.5
0.1
0.4
0.2
6.6
0.9
0.4
35.7
11.7
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.7
0.2
0.2
2.1
0.0
6.4
0.0
1.1
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
thousand
tonnes
2010
5 874
1 904
0
0
233
0
0
0
0
29
0
1 316
0
0
16
26
1
13
0
0
0
35
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
8
1
1
0
179
0
5
0
5
21
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
3 970
0
28
0
0
3 942
20 019
1 698
92
24
95
330
1 156
recovered paper
p.a.
growth
%
1992-2010
0.7
0.5
6.2
1.9
0.4
8.8
2.4
4.3
16.6
0.0
8.4
0.0
18.2
0.8
3.1
2.0
4.0
1.2
9.0
17.0
2.7
8.3
1.4
0.6
1.1
3.1
3.3
0.9
0.9
thousand
tonnes
thousand
tonnes
2000
2011
51 531
5 537
0
0
927
0
0
0
0
0
0
2 612
0
0
136
355
11
23
0
0
23
68
5
0
0
0
2
18
0
0
51
10
2
920
0
0
13
30
72
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
13
242
45 994
0
2 624
0
0
43 370
44 117
0
0
0
0
0
0
60 406
10 249
0
0
987
0
0
0
0
0
0
4 348
0
0
489
633
29
28
0
0
65
150
5
0
0
0
2
18
0
0
51
10
2
3 039
0
0
13
30
72
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
25
245
50 157
0
3 284
0
0
46 873
89 950
15
15
0
0
0
0
251

Production
Organic
agriculture
% of total
area
biofuel
Production
natural fibre
total
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
252
thousand
kilotonne
of oil
equivalent
2000
thousand
kilotonne
of oil
equivalent
2009
210
0
0
204
1
210
0
0
204
1
5
0
0
109
0
3
49
0
3
9
8
0
15
0
22
192
0
8
0
149
0
0
7
24
4
7
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
64
14
1
1
1
1
4
0
3
4
0
0
20
0
0
1
1
0
6
0
0
5
0
1
123
0
4
53
0
3
11
7
0
21
0
25
217
0
9
0
165
0
0
9
30
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
102
20
1
1
2
2
6
0
4
3
1
1
26
0
0
2
1
0
7
0
0
2009
0.4
0.2
0.7
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.1
6.7
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.8
0.0
0.4
2.8
0.0
1.1
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.3
1.3
0.1
1.8
0.2
9.4
2.4
2.3
1.3
1.2
0.0
7.5
0.7
4.2
5.8
10.4
0.3
7.2
0.4
thousand
tonnes
2010
6 353
0
0
6 329
24
0
0
0
437
0
4
61
4
0
147
74
0
48
0
99
10 505
11
943
0
7 588
72
0
21
1 870
0
1 026
0
13
0
0
0
16
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
165
817
0
8
464
129
46
0
0
0
0
0
3
78
0
1
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
recovered paper
p.a.
growth
%
1992-2010
0.8
0.8
21.7
0.2
2.0
2.9
7.0
0.1
7.8
0.4
3.8
0.2
1.3
4.4
1.9
0.4
1.1
11.4
10.2
7.5
2.4
1.9
3.9
1.6
11.0
1.2
10.7
7.9
3.0
21.5
9.9
thousand
tonnes
thousand
tonnes
2000
2011
37 358
826
27
13 490
0
77 890
1 259
27
46 196
0
18 012
0
5 003
4 422
0
0
1 978
0
890
28
333
275
778
0
140
1 060
0
0
0
850
80
0
0
95
35
1 277
0
0
0
10
0
11
188
12
15
0
0
0
0
75
0
866
100
0
43 915
3 572
0
80
365
274
778
0
96
1 540
147
292
8 267
0
0
294
11
0
685
0
8
21 581
0
8 827
7 774
0
20
3 934
0
1 200
38
326
275
1 856
0
125
1 223
0
0
0
850
80
0
4
163
126
3 048
0
0
40
43
10
6
305
3
170
0
0
80
0
1 000
0
1 016
375
0
55 239
5 991
0
31
422
670
1 840
3
350
2 100
236
339
11 674
0
0
619
64
0
583
0
20

Production
Organic
agriculture
% of total
area
biofuel
Production
natural fibre
total
thousand
kilotonne
of oil
equivalent
2000
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
thousand
kilotonne
of oil
equivalent
2009
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
8
1
11
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
3
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
2
1
1
0
0
9
3
15
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
4
0
0
3
0
0
0
5
0
19
3
0
9
5
0
0
0
1
1
6
6
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40
4
1
13
19
0
0
0
2
1
7
7
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
thousand
tonnes
2009
2010
1.1
8.7
4.8
5.6
12.5
4.2
0.0
0.0
1.1
4.0
7.9
0.3
0.9
4.1
0.2
6.3
4.8
0.1
3.0
2.3
5.6
15.4
2.6
2.6
7.4
3.1
3.2
1.1
0.0
0.3
4.0
4.8
4.0
27.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
221
0
0
0
0
0
180
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
39
0
99
3
12
68
0
0
0
0
17
0
390
390
387
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
recovered paper
p.a.
growth
%
1992-2010
17.8
28.6
27.0
1.9
2.0
10.7
3.4
38.9
3.9
1.1
2.0
3.5
2.0
thousand
tonnes
thousand
tonnes
2000
2011
75
0
0
40
34
351
0
0
1 468
5 301
8 953
0
0
0
64
0
52
0
5 057
0
0
393
0
0
65
3 319
2
338
0
0
75
129
427
0
0
1 382
8 036
11 148
0
0
37
0
0
191
0
5 042
19
0
760
0
177
174
4 722
25
23 123
1 269
1 500
5 775
10 992
0
0
0
2 450
1 137
2 083
2 083
1 893
190
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26 427
1 443
1 092
5 066
15 262
0
89
0
2 159
1 315
3 362
3 362
3 107
255
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
253
TABLE 49: Agricultural emissions
World
Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mayotte
Mozambique
Runion
Rwanda
Seychelles
Somalia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Chad
Congo
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
South Sudan
Sudan
Sudan (former)
Tunisia
Western Sahara
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cte dIvoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
254
Enteric
fermentation
Manure
management
Rice
cultivation
Synthetic
fertilizers
Manure
applied to
soils
Manure
left on
pasture
Crop
residues
Cultivated
organic
soils
Burning
crop
residues
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
2 018 898.7
299 413.7
119 312.9
674.6
51.7
373.7
2 315.4
43 051.5
17 983.0
7 267.6
1 248.6
11.4
0.0
1 501.0
35.8
1 260.1
1.0
13 351.4
7 221.5
16 712.1
2 310.9
3 941.7
20 777.0
3 778.9
4 730.1
3 198.2
7 687.4
263.4
1 045.5
8.4
60.8
4.5
69 108.1
4 183.7
10 004.9
1 265.2
5 253.1
340 285.7
14 553.7
4 834.2
58.8
1.7
11.3
71.4
919.3
586.5
369.0
379.0
16.8
0.0
272.1
29.1
126.5
1.4
574.7
575.0
493.0
147.0
201.7
1 273.4
181.8
381.2
228.6
227.5
17.2
196.4
1.6
38.3
1.0
3 030.8
258.8
720.7
77.2
364.8
499 428.1
21 910.5
8 217.3
32.2
117.6
0.0
0.0
39.1
29.7
5 016.8
86.0
0.0
0.0
271.9
0.3
19.1
0.0
10.6
205.8
2 349.6
38.2
0.4
755.2
148.0
205.8
24.5
162.7
3.4
210.0
0.0
0.7
0.0
2 765.2
0.8
2 702.0
0.0
43.5
683 484.0
19 433.2
3 752.3
7.8
0.0
0.0
1.7
1 007.8
456.9
28.9
555.7
34.5
0.0
280.0
0.0
0.6
0.1
0.0
41.1
376.6
501.0
459.6
134.0
30.3
75.1
0.0
0.0
0.7
24.0
0.0
3.8
0.0
11 124.3
293.8
9 197.7
305.4
880.6
111 110.9
3 502.6
1 207.5
25.8
0.1
0.1
3.2
39.0
77.9
152.2
219.8
4.1
0.0
141.1
10.4
62.5
0.6
6.5
250.8
84.0
56.7
72.8
511.5
82.7
177.7
112.3
7.4
7.5
100.7
0.7
22.2
0.3
166.5
21.2
26.6
5.1
30.1
764 486.9
203 934.3
78 285.7
555.4
41.1
229.9
1 417.3
28 716.4
11 921.9
5 182.5
1 038.4
79.0
0.0
1 251.6
108.7
955.3
3.6
5 024.6
5 221.6
11 793.9
1 832.5
2 912.0
14 419.1
2 716.8
3 641.2
2 376.7
4 452.6
206.3
951.7
8.4
59.8
5.6
45 125.9
3 566.9
3 841.8
1 133.5
4 650.2
153 612.9
10 259.3
3 029.4
31.1
2.8
0.2
25.0
763.1
286.4
317.8
262.3
0.2
0.0
180.9
0.7
91.1
0.0
36.5
248.1
516.5
152.6
113.8
615.4
132.6
187.9
14.9
125.1
1.9
150.4
0.0
2.4
0.2
2 481.1
366.0
997.4
23.7
576.3
97 122.5
5 222.1
4 566.3
325.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
1 286.1
41.8
137.1
58.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
289.9
0.0
0.0
688.8
718.7
1 020.4
0.0
290.0
11.8
114.3
0.0
0.0
120.2
3.0
0.7
40.1
0.0
79.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21 511.2
2 583.5
1 072.6
9.1
0.8
0.0
2.1
159.9
134.0
73.9
106.8
2.4
0.0
113.9
1.1
13.6
0.0
13.1
62.6
220.9
71.0
87.5
294.0
99.7
57.8
6.9
16.8
1.6
109.4
0.0
1.6
0.1
294.8
53.6
118.4
3.9
95.6
46 557.2
1 844.0
1 449.0
160.2
18.8
0.0
0.0
446.8
69.4
14.0
30 267.8
1 644.8
436.5
81.1
79.6
0.0
11.0
12.3
18 163.1
2 083.9
728.4
2 196.6
12 666.8
487.4
72 052.6
1 643.1
9 456.0
70.8
1 404.3
380.6
1 960.0
3 760.6
554.3
96.5
10 605.0
4 061.5
11 480.2
21 568.0
0.8
759.1
47.5
27.8
58.2
605.1
20.5
4 656.2
109.1
621.6
40.3
117.1
15.6
185.9
95.6
78.9
51.2
372.0
171.9
379.9
2 005.5
0.1
6.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.5
0.1
10 166.4
23.5
693.4
0.0
246.8
455.9
255.7
2 007.4
130.8
62.0
1 009.1
151.1
41.3
4 111.2
0.0
2 570.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
2 570.2
0.0
1 852.5
0.1
265.4
0.0
174.5
11.5
80.3
15.9
0.0
0.0
576.1
0.0
31.2
517.3
0.0
210.9
3.5
9.2
8.4
183.6
6.2
1 406.2
39.2
208.1
24.3
41.0
3.2
61.5
15.6
43.1
27.8
18.6
2.3
12.4
791.6
0.1
13 618.0
1 463.4
499.2
1 596.7
9 704.7
354.0
52 485.7
1 265.1
6 912.5
52.6
1 189.8
262.5
1 742.8
2 766.7
400.1
112.9
7 222.9
2 135.1
7 046.8
17 576.0
0.5
765.5
5.6
13.9
8.4
732.9
4.6
3 368.0
102.4
309.9
1.2
101.2
26.6
162.0
184.4
18.0
34.0
383.5
24.4
443.9
1 309.9
0.0
25.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
25.9
0.0
260.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
175.2
0.0
13.3
59.7
0.0
12.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
218.9
3.6
9.3
1.8
198.7
5.6
703.3
57.7
54.3
2.2
34.6
6.3
68.7
60.5
3.9
9.7
57.0
2.4
1.8
274.9
0.0
3 691.4
654.5
665.1
222.4
45.9
143.1
216.4
750.5
11.1
173.3
0.0
6.9
43.1
6.0
68.2
2 762.4
410.5
626.5
103.2
87.3
76.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
13.0
21.2
35.2
TABLE 49: Agricultural emissions (continued)
Americas
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Brazil
Cayman Islands
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Curaao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthlemy
Saint Lucia
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Enteric
fermentation
Manure
management
Rice
cultivation
Synthetic
fertilizers
Manure
applied to
soils
Manure
left on
pasture
Crop
residues
Cultivated
organic
soils
Burning
crop
residues
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
668 620.3
526 127.6
0.0
25.9
61 953.0
0.0
3.5
18.0
117.8
13 906.3
0.0
261 675.0
4.7
2.7
5 571.5
35 846.3
1 807.6
5 449.4
0.0
20.5
3 520.5
6 965.8
1 717.7
79.6
17.7
7.8
90.9
3 940.1
165.4
2 269.8
3 458.8
281.3
28.3
45 070.3
13.7
4 707.8
2 063.5
14 734.4
13 818.4
485.4
0.0
10.0
16.4
0.0
9.1
0.0
72.0
58.4
0.0
10.9
15 101.2
21 006.3
142 492.7
1.8
16 723.6
3.3
0.1
125 763.9
758 267.9
31 067.1
9 625.2
2 211.9
2 818.5
4 787.8
11 623.7
84 974.0
20 461.8
0.0
1.4
909.2
0.0
6.4
9.1
5.3
598.1
0.0
9 114.7
0.3
0.2
631.8
909.0
131.6
314.5
0.0
1.4
307.9
554.6
95.4
2.3
3.5
1.1
2.8
431.6
43.6
178.8
171.5
57.4
2.7
3 494.2
0.4
154.5
85.3
279.2
791.0
36.6
0.0
1.1
4.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
18.9
63.2
0.0
0.5
157.9
886.4
64 512.2
1.7
8 040.5
0.2
0.1
56 469.7
146 780.0
6 258.2
1 874.9
401.7
543.7
933.4
2 504.5
28 176.7
17 424.1
0.0
0.0
1 264.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.6
252.7
0.0
3 696.4
0.0
0.0
113.9
2 022.4
39.1
1 037.4
0.0
0.0
1 146.7
1 733.7
2.9
0.0
21.8
0.0
0.0
4.7
1 145.1
110.5
6.1
0.0
0.0
115.1
0.0
51.9
30.0
174.9
1 919.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
314.9
2.4
0.0
0.0
952.0
1 262.7
10 752.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
10 752.7
442 829.1
1 113.6
433.9
31.8
68.6
297.7
281.6
134 681.2
47 721.3
0.0
0.0
5 890.8
0.0
0.0
2.8
15.1
126.3
0.0
18 426.8
0.0
0.0
2 662.6
3 397.1
368.6
303.8
0.0
0.5
355.5
1 026.9
399.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
917.5
91.2
0.0
209.7
31.2
0.0
7 782.1
0.0
257.8
140.3
526.8
1 442.1
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
63.5
463.8
0.0
0.0
977.7
1 841.1
86 960.0
0.0
12 806.5
0.0
0.0
74 153.5
432 663.1
5 373.5
145.2
163.0
293.6
0.0
4 771.7
29 853.7
15 315.4
0.0
1.3
624.3
0.0
4.2
6.4
3.5
299.0
0.0
7 452.0
0.1
0.1
379.0
1 129.3
162.7
196.8
0.0
1.8
236.1
442.5
81.9
0.3
1.6
0.6
1.3
272.8
31.7
100.2
165.0
32.9
1.6
1 941.7
0.5
212.4
63.9
143.4
481.5
34.8
0.0
0.5
1.9
0.0
1.0
0.0
11.5
41.5
0.0
0.3
151.7
599.6
14 538.3
0.3
1 383.5
0.0
0.1
13 154.3
34 856.5
2 026.6
594.7
137.2
187.9
325.6
781.1
245 454.3
202 574.9
0.0
11.7
24 587.4
0.0
10.3
16.0
49.4
4 980.9
0.0
100 930.4
2.7
1.2
2 421.1
12 929.4
543.0
2 177.9
0.0
7.1
1 459.1
2 866.7
623.7
59.8
7.3
4.5
38.3
1 506.2
117.2
873.0
1 278.4
167.6
12.3
17 921.4
5.4
1 559.2
789.5
5 845.7
4 180.7
197.5
0.0
5.0
8.0
0.0
4.8
0.0
48.0
97.7
0.0
4.5
6 086.8
8 135.3
42 879.4
0.2
5 262.6
0.9
0.0
37 615.7
241 522.5
8 625.6
2 659.4
631.8
737.4
1 653.6
2 943.3
46 235.8
19 177.9
0.0
0.0
5 960.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.5
292.4
0.0
8 440.1
0.0
0.0
188.8
236.5
17.3
56.4
0.0
0.0
53.2
158.1
53.4
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.0
120.9
36.2
36.9
44.0
0.3
0.0
1 749.7
0.0
63.4
22.8
774.9
283.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
12.4
0.3
0.0
0.0
323.5
247.1
27 057.9
0.0
2 951.9
0.0
0.0
24 105.9
70 788.2
1 974.7
1 078.6
109.3
84.2
221.0
481.6
13 054.7
1 590.3
0.0
0.0
118.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
55.6
0.0
0.0
3.7
0.0
0.0
22.2
324.2
7.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15.9
0.0
0.0
17.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
330.4
0.0
0.0
59.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.9
119.3
0.0
144.1
27.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
203.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.8
126.2
11 464.4
0.0
2 694.0
0.0
0.0
8 770.3
43 787.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5 742.6
2 757.5
0.0
0.0
327.4
0.0
0.1
0.3
2.1
36.8
0.0
1 328.9
0.0
0.0
16.0
52.4
5.2
37.8
0.0
0.0
12.0
45.8
18.6
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.6
64.3
9.2
21.7
33.0
1.4
0.2
497.8
0.0
26.7
8.2
71.8
52.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
2.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
23.3
61.7
2 985.1
0.0
308.8
0.0
0.0
2 676.3
10 291.1
478.0
380.0
15.5
11.0
27.2
44.3
255
Eastern Asia
China, Macao SAR
China
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
South-Eastern Asia
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Cyprus
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
Republic of Moldova
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
land Islands
Channel Islands
Denmark
Estonia
Faroe Islands
Finland
Guernsey
Iceland
256
Enteric
fermentation
Manure
management
Rice
cultivation
Synthetic
fertilizers
Manure
applied to
soils
Manure
left on
pasture
Crop
residues
Cultivated
organic
soils
Burning
crop
residues
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
176 241.3
62 383.3
124 283.4
230 765.3
14 241.5
73 812.8
27 813.4
2 640.2
2 948.6
160 125.7
1 041.4
57 212.2
347.9
111 110.5
2 131.1
226 358.4
0.0
12 566.8
106.5
67 323.1
566.9
26 595.3
304.8
217.5
42.7
2 793.2
53.3
5 092.0
6 337.0
3 645.2
71 766.5
7.1
4 373.4
19 220.8
2 896.7
1 202.8
17 971.6
7 130.6
5.9
8 620.0
320.6
10 017.1
437 576.5
6 562.6
24 278.7
321.1
300 980.7
19 821.6
0.0
11 325.3
72 930.9
1 355.7
41 616.5
1 003.2
5 055.8
15.2
144.9
1 840.8
2 584.6
389.2
377.9
138.8
156.0
123.5
608.9
71.8
1 519.5
3 412.0
19 888.3
676.5
3 609.6
223 870.1
75 358.2
6 484.9
1 319.0
2 053.0
1 403.5
9 791.7
587.2
6 410.7
37 589.7
806.2
8 912.4
41 308.3
0.0
0.0
3 060.9
395.9
13.8
1 565.5
0.0
231.8
2 320.7
786.1
1 716.3
31 976.4
32.7
1 428.4
8 276.8
1 142.1
1 107.1
5 894.6
3 874.2
56.0
3 654.7
129.9
6 379.9
39 117.0
471.2
1 793.7
25.7
24 651.3
4 651.7
0.0
837.1
6 552.1
134.2
7 045.1
216.0
977.3
1.4
123.4
399.7
159.1
114.8
42.8
45.1
44.1
13.2
33.8
9.6
227.0
147.5
4 238.9
54.3
197.3
84 785.3
23 133.2
1 731.7
358.8
656.6
743.2
3 997.2
206.1
2 003.0
9 995.7
258.7
3 182.3
12 933.6
0.0
0.0
3 568.9
121.0
1.1
644.8
0.0
44.9
7 107.7
0.0
3 934.0
194 190.0
4.0
9 099.2
58 804.1
1 795.0
2 531.4
26 461.5
30 591.7
0.0
36 912.0
141.5
27 849.4
122 368.5
588.0
24 631.3
52.7
81 909.3
2 601.1
0.0
3 257.5
6 953.1
2 375.5
873.7
0.0
9.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
282.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
581.9
0.0
0.0
6 370.4
1 508.2
0.0
70.6
0.0
11.2
0.0
0.0
72.9
1 181.3
0.0
172.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2 945.8
71.1
1 389.9
45 938.4
0.7
135.7
17 973.6
0.0
6 442.5
322.1
3 788.0
0.0
10 229.9
0.0
7 045.9
137 762.9
214.0
5 905.9
4.4
106 822.0
2 519.7
0.1
114.6
21 110.1
1 072.1
12 822.9
67.2
82.7
16.4
54.7
83.3
697.0
194.9
102.0
41.6
97.6
0.0
0.0
528.5
1 070.8
769.2
8 673.1
189.4
154.4
86 960.3
32 287.9
3 420.3
1 858.6
1 648.7
1 813.8
8 353.7
105.9
1 973.6
7 698.3
584.6
4 830.4
14 356.3
0.0
0.0
1 153.4
184.8
0.0
1 361.7
0.0
49.5
827.1
178.0
563.1
7 859.4
18.5
257.9
2 744.1
215.9
425.2
1 238.5
738.2
11.3
830.9
20.8
1 358.2
6 396.8
75.2
429.9
3.5
3 369.2
1 485.2
0.0
131.9
874.9
27.1
4 332.2
141.0
631.0
0.2
56.9
247.1
28.0
34.6
8.0
10.7
12.8
2.4
1.7
1.6
46.3
9.9
3 074.7
5.0
20.5
42 233.5
15 873.7
1 199.8
240.0
482.2
514.9
2 668.3
157.8
1 310.7
6 874.5
189.6
2 235.8
6 163.4
0.0
0.0
1 134.6
79.7
0.4
267.3
0.0
18.0
1 791.2
2 854.8
1 276.8
27 421.3
48.9
1 105.5
11 062.3
790.7
1 165.8
4 518.9
2 490.3
12.8
2 835.8
87.2
3 303.0
116 159.7
2 284.5
10 242.4
71.9
71 037.8
9 675.3
0.0
2 744.4
19 796.7
306.6
15 503.1
103.5
776.8
13.9
36.8
175.6
1 969.4
548.8
413.9
260.5
295.8
137.3
429.5
54.4
1 734.6
2 318.5
2 907.9
415.7
2 910.2
34 255.8
7 515.3
546.7
175.9
182.0
155.7
787.6
80.1
855.9
3 868.6
82.4
780.5
8 183.9
0.0
0.0
349.4
34.8
6.6
206.3
0.0
59.3
585.1
29.2
298.9
13 181.5
0.1
608.9
4 308.8
228.4
148.0
2 101.9
1 227.2
0.0
2 287.9
15.1
2 255.1
24 685.8
417.4
2 904.8
8.6
16 789.7
1 511.0
0.0
524.5
2 280.1
249.7
3 132.8
26.4
141.8
0.0
4.9
17.4
308.3
17.5
6.1
0.4
16.3
3.5
2.0
0.5
107.3
315.9
2 084.3
0.1
80.3
23 947.2
11 369.2
383.5
409.8
402.9
610.2
1 182.8
143.9
942.1
4 490.3
149.6
2 653.9
2 706.4
0.0
0.0
511.5
43.7
0.0
178.3
0.0
0.1
748.8
1 631.2
0.0
36 200.7
36.7
0.0
29 583.6
0.0
3 662.5
1 850.4
0.0
0.0
121.3
0.0
946.2
4 946.4
0.0
3 250.8
0.0
840.8
0.0
0.0
550.9
0.0
303.8
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
30 067.3
18 445.9
5 228.3
157.7
39.8
890.9
3 122.0
29.3
122.7
6 252.7
8.9
2 593.6
7 107.0
0.0
0.0
349.9
1 211.7
0.0
1 178.3
0.0
0.0
63.0
7.1
32.1
2 386.0
0.0
117.2
733.9
44.4
23.7
309.3
321.7
0.0
489.4
5.7
340.7
4 064.6
86.5
432.1
2.5
2 701.1
235.8
0.0
129.1
436.6
40.8
413.8
2.6
20.5
0.0
0.2
7.6
47.8
2.0
0.7
0.0
1.4
0.6
0.0
0.0
7.5
47.5
267.9
0.0
7.5
2 486.7
1 574.1
24.0
63.1
30.1
95.1
86.6
35.3
192.5
682.0
20.8
344.4
125.2
0.0
0.0
21.6
3.4
0.0
6.0
0.0
0.0
Ireland
Isle of Man
Jersey
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sark
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Croatia
Gibraltar
Greece
Holy See
Italy
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Macedonia
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia
New Zealand
Norfolk Island
Melanesia
Fiji
New Caledonia
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Guam
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
American Samoa
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Enteric
fermentation
Manure
management
Rice
cultivation
Synthetic
fertilizers
Manure
applied to
soils
Manure
left on
pasture
Crop
residues
Cultivated
organic
soils
Burning
crop
residues
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
gigagrams
CO2 eq
2010
10 151.9
0.0
0.0
633.0
1 305.6
1 791.5
0.0
0.0
2 456.7
19 701.5
37 154.0
1 325.4
0.0
1 007.2
892.6
0.0
3 020.9
0.0
11 925.2
32.9
254.9
2 713.2
0.0
1 969.4
720.3
12 710.8
581.2
2 111.4
0.0
0.0
181.3
388.5
520.9
0.0
0.0
818.9
4 531.9
18 680.7
292.6
0.0
311.4
356.3
0.0
766.1
0.0
5 396.9
35.8
51.9
1 430.4
0.0
824.9
179.5
8 910.2
124.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4 610.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
359.9
0.0
2 621.7
0.0
0.0
308.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1 296.5
24.3
2 404.7
0.0
0.0
378.5
688.8
408.7
0.0
0.0
1 084.4
6 641.8
13 125.2
198.9
0.0
116.1
431.4
0.0
941.0
0.0
3 218.3
2.1
8.8
817.4
0.0
1 016.3
174.9
6 074.5
125.5
1 182.6
0.0
0.0
117.7
253.9
222.9
0.0
0.0
376.2
2 510.3
7 335.0
150.3
0.0
218.7
201.5
0.0
306.1
0.0
2 210.9
8.9
29.4
520.0
0.0
525.7
130.0
2 956.3
77.1
1 751.4
0.0
0.0
54.7
105.8
399.2
0.0
0.0
366.1
4 850.4
8 307.1
223.5
0.0
119.0
96.0
0.0
1 454.2
0.0
2 144.9
5.4
26.9
614.3
0.0
208.7
68.7
3 265.9
79.5
116.0
0.0
0.0
94.0
165.8
67.9
0.0
0.0
247.8
1 281.2
3 227.5
39.0
0.0
57.7
154.3
0.0
238.2
0.0
1 013.2
1.1
2.5
58.7
0.0
475.5
28.0
1 125.6
33.8
99.0
0.9
0.0
1 089.3
1 334.7
432.2
0.0
0.0
854.0
556.9
388.4
16.2
0.0
24.6
0.0
0.0
152.4
0.0
96.1
0.0
6.6
41.9
0.0
0.3
7.3
43.0
0.0
2.2
0.0
0.0
8.7
15.3
2.0
0.0
0.0
11.4
54.7
373.7
5.5
0.0
13.4
23.4
0.0
27.3
0.0
119.3
0.1
0.2
8.7
0.0
90.4
3.2
78.1
4.2
70 049.5
3 281.3
3 972.8
30 306.5
21 979.9
11.9
296.1
0.0
7 379.2
2 821.9
68 726.6
67 634.7
46 742.3
20 892.4
0.0
989.1
460.4
120.1
159.1
20.9
228.5
19.7
0.5
0.3
0.0
18.9
0.1
0.0
0.0
83.2
0.4
1.1
12.8
0.2
0.0
45.2
0.0
21.8
0.3
1.4
30 037.8
1 393.0
2 235.2
9 752.5
10 938.6
3.3
74.3
0.0
4 639.1
1 002.0
9 192.7
7 665.6
4 591.3
3 074.3
0.0
1 266.6
132.1
28.8
1 001.7
32.6
71.5
33.0
3.5
8.4
0.0
19.5
1.7
0.0
0.0
227.5
5.9
17.6
18.8
1.2
0.0
115.2
0.6
46.6
7.6
13.9
251.9
0.0
0.0
251.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
141.3
125.7
125.7
0.0
0.0
15.6
8.4
0.0
1.8
5.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
27 190.9
556.1
0.0
13 232.1
11 531.1
0.0
136.4
0.0
1 406.8
328.3
9 746.2
9 600.6
8 011.3
1 589.4
0.0
122.4
15.7
3.6
103.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
23.1
0.0
0.0
2.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
20.7
0.0
0.0
12 861.3
593.9
925.3
4 603.7
4 379.9
1.4
37.9
0.0
1 882.3
437.0
664.6
562.1
426.7
135.4
0.0
83.7
17.1
3.2
55.9
2.1
5.4
4.4
0.8
2.0
0.0
1.5
0.1
0.0
0.0
14.5
0.4
0.8
1.9
0.1
0.0
6.9
0.0
3.1
0.5
0.8
10 249.5
459.0
542.5
4 882.7
2 916.6
1.8
41.8
0.0
1 014.4
390.8
39 320.0
38 784.8
27 517.1
11 267.8
0.0
487.7
241.2
59.9
63.1
9.6
113.9
10.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
9.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
37.4
0.1
0.2
7.2
0.1
0.0
19.7
0.0
9.1
0.0
1.0
6 644.1
253.4
184.5
3 591.3
2 412.1
0.0
8.3
0.0
142.6
51.9
2 382.4
2 380.8
2 323.7
57.1
0.0
1.6
0.6
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4 126.1
26.4
31.2
766.6
2 508.6
0.0
0.8
0.0
741.3
51.2
4 991.2
653.4
326.9
326.5
0.0
4 337.7
12.5
0.0
4 325.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
413.8
19.8
9.8
252.5
122.2
0.0
0.4
0.0
5.4
3.6
407.2
404.7
402.1
2.6
0.0
2.5
1.8
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
257
PART
Metadata
M49 country list

Africa
Americas
Europe
Oceania
Central Asia
Eastern Europe
Burundi
Anguilla
Kazakhstan
Belarus
Australia
Comoros
Antigua and Barbuda
Kyrgyzstan
Bulgaria
New Zealand
Djibouti
Argentina
Tajikistan
Czech Republic
Norfolk Island
Eritrea
Aruba
Turkmenistan
Hungary
Melanesia
Ethiopia
Bahamas
Uzbekistan
Poland
Fiji
Kenya
Barbados
Eastern Asia
Republic of Moldova
New Caledonia
Madagascar
Belize
Romania
Papua New Guinea
Malawi
China, Macao SAR
Russian Federation
Solomon Islands
Mauritius
China
Slovakia
Vanuatu
Mayotte
Brazil

Korea
Ukraine
Micronesia
Mozambique
Japan
Northern Europe
Guam
Runion
Cayman Islands
Mongolia
land Islands
Kiribati
Rwanda
Chile
Republic of Korea
Channel Islands
Marshall Islands
Seychelles
Colombia
South-Eastern Asia
Denmark
Somalia
Costa Rica
Brunei Darussalam
Estonia
Nauru
Uganda
Cuba
Cambodia
Faroe Islands
Curaao
Indonesia
Finland
Palau
Zambia
Dominica
Guernsey
Polynesia
Zimbabwe
Dominican Republic
Malaysia
Iceland
American Samoa
Middle Africa
Ecuador
Myanmar
Ireland
Cook Islands
Angola
El Salvador
Philippines
Isle of Man
French Polynesia
Cameroon
Singapore
Jersey
Niue
French Guiana
Thailand
Latvia
Pitcairn Islands
Chad
Grenada
Timor-Leste
Lithuania
Samoa
Congo
Guadeloupe
Viet Nam
Norway
Tokelau
Guatemala
Southern Asia
Sark
Tonga
Equatorial Guinea
Guyana
Afghanistan
Tuvalu
Gabon
Haiti
Bangladesh
Sweden
Honduras
Bhutan
United Kingdom
Northern Africa
Jamaica
India
Southern Europe
Algeria
Martinique
Albania
Egypt
Mexico
Maldives
Andorra
Libya
Montserrat
Nepal
Morocco
Nicaragua
Pakistan
Croatia
South Sudan
Panama
Sri Lanka
Gibraltar
Sudan
Paraguay
Western Asia
Greece
Tunisia
Peru
Armenia
Holy See
Western Sahara
Puerto Rico
Azerbaijan
Italy
Southern Africa
Saint Barthlemy
Bahrain
Malta
Botswana
Cyprus
Montenegro
Lesotho
Saint Lucia
Georgia
Portugal
Namibia
Iraq
San Marino
South Africa
Israel
Serbia
Swaziland
Jordan
Slovenia
Western Africa
Suriname
Kuwait
Spain
Benin
Trinidad and Tobago
Lebanon

Macedonia
Burkina Faso
Western Europe
Cte dIvoire
Oman
Austria
Cape Verde
Uruguay
Qatar
Belgium
Gana
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic

of)
Saudi Arabia
France
Ghana
Northern America
Germany
Guinea
Bermuda
Turkey
Liechtenstein
Guinea-Bissau
Canada
Luxembourg
Liberia
Greenland
Yemen
Monaco
Mali
Netherlands
Mauritania
Switzerland
Democratic
Congo
Republic
of
the
Niger
Nigeria
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
260
Asia
Eastern Africa
METADATA
Concepts and Methods
American bison (Bison bison); European bison (Bison bonasus); beeffalo (cross between a bison and a domesticated beef
animal). See 866. Excludes wild bisons and buffaloes.
Concepts
Agricultural production indices: The FAO indices of agricultural
production show the relative level of the aggregate volume
of agricultural production for each year in comparison with
the base period 1999-2001. They are based on the sum of
price-weighted quantities of different agricultural commodities produced after deductions of quantities used as seed and
feed weighted in a similar manner. The resulting aggregate
represents, therefore, disposable production for any use except as seed and feed. All the indices at the country, regional
and world levels are calculated by the Laspeyres formula. Production quantities of each commodity are weighted by 19992001 average international commodity prices and summed
for each year. To obtain the index, the aggregate for a given
year is divided by the average aggregate for the base period
1999-2001. Since the FAO indices are based on the concept
of agriculture as a single enterprise, amounts of seed and
feed are subtracted from the production data to avoid double counting, once in the production data and once with the
crops or livestock produced from them. Deductions for seed
(in the case of eggs, for hatching) and for livestock and poultry feed apply to both domestically produced and imported
commodities. They cover only primary agricultural products
destined to animal feed (e.g. maize, potatoes, milk, etc.). Processed and semi-processed feed items such as bran, oilcakes,
meals and molasses have been completely excluded from the
calculations at all stages. It should be noted that when calculating indices of agricultural, food and nonfood production,
all intermediate primary inputs of agricultural origin are deducted. However, for indices of any other commodity group,
only inputs originating from within the same group are deducted; thus, only seed is removed from the group crops and
from all crop subgroups, such as cereals, oil crops, etc.; and
both feed and seed originating from within the livestock sector (e.g. milk feed, hatching eggs) are removed from the group
livestock products. For the main two livestock subgroups,
namely, meat and milk, only feed originating from the respective subgroup is removed. Indices which take into account
deductions for feed and seed are referred to as net. Indices
calculated without any deductions for feed and seed are referred to as gross. The international commodity prices are
used in order to avoid the use of exchange rates for obtaining
continental and world aggregates, and also to improve and
facilitate international comparative analysis of productivity
at the national level. These international prices, expressed
in so-called international dollars, are derived using a GearyKhamis formula for the agricultural sector. This method assigns a single price to each commodity. For example, one metric ton of wheat has the same price regardless of the country
where it was produced. The currency unit in which the prices
are expressed has no influence on the indices published. The
commodities covered in the computation of indices of agricultural production are all crops and livestock products originating in each country. Practically all products are covered,
with the main exception of fodder crops. The category of food
production includes commodities that are considered edible
and that contain nutrients. Accordingly, coffee and tea are excluded along with inedible commodities because, although
edible, they have practically no nutritive value. Prices applied
to meat in reality represent the prices of animals for slaughtering in terms of live weight. For example, if the price of
one metric ton (1 000 kg) of pigs alive is 825 $ and the ratio
meat to live weight is 75 to 100, the price applicable to 750
kg of pig meat will be 825 $, corresponding to 1 100 $ per
metric tons. The indices are calculated from production data
presented on a calendar year basis. The FAO indices may differ from those produced by the countries themselves because
of differences in concepts of production, coverage, weights,
time reference of data and methods of calculation.
Buffaloes: Indian, Asiatic, pigmy, water buffalo (Bubalus bubalus;
B. arnee; B. depressicornis); African buffalo (genus Syncerus);
Cattle: Common ox (Bos taurus); zebu, humped ox (Bos indicus);

Asiatic ox (subgenus Bibos); Tibetan yak (Poephagus grunniens). Animals of the genus listed, regardless of age, sex,
or purpose raised. Data are expressed in number of heads.
Cereals: Cereals include wheat, rice paddy, barley, maize, popcorn,
rye, oats, millets, sorghum, buckwheat, quinoa, fonio, triticale, canary seed, mixed grain and cereals nes.
Coarse grain: Coarse grains include barley, maize, popcorn, rye,
oats, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, quinoa, fonio, triticale, canary seed, mixed grain and cereals, nes.
Crop area: Crop area is a surface of land on which a crop is grown.
In general, the area measured for cadastral purposes includes,
in addition to the area cultivated, headlands, ditches and
other non-cultivated areas. Such an area can be called gross
area as against the net area which includes only the portion
of the gross area actually cultivated. For various reasons, e.g.
natural calamities or economic considerations, certain areas
planted or sown with a given crop are not harvested or are
harvested before the crop reaches maturity. Hence the need
for the concept of area to be sub-divided into sown or planted
area and harvested area. Sown area data are necessary to estimate quantities used for seeding purposes; harvested area, to
provide reliable and accurate yield and production data. A peculiarity of permanent crops is that number of trees or plants
is reported in addition to or, instead of, the area planted.
This is particularly so as regards plants growing outside of
compact plantations, which are either interplanted with other
crops or are scattered. Both area and number of trees are also
divided into productive or bearing and non-productive or nonbearing areas or trees. In most cases, non-bearing refers to
young plants that are not yet bearing.
Crop production: Crop production data refer to the actual harvested production from the field or orchard and gardens, excluding harvesting and threshing losses and that part of crop
not harvested for any reason. Production therefore includes
the quantities of the commodity sold in the market (marketed
production) and the quantities consumed or used by the producers (auto-consumption). When the production data available refers to a production period falling into two successive
calendar years and it is not possible to allocate the relative
production to each of them, it is usual to refer production data
to that year into which the bulk of the production falls. Crop
production data are recorded in tonnes (t). In many countries,
crop production data are obtained as a function of the estimated yield and the total area. If such a compilation method
of production statistics is enforced by the country, it must be
ensured that the total area does not refer to sown or planted
area, which would give then the biological production, but to
the actually harvested area during the year.
Crop yield: Harvested production per unit of harvested area for
crop products. In most of the cases yield data are not recorded
but obtained by dividing the production data by the data on
area harvested. Data on yields of permanent crops are not as
reliable as those for temporary crops either because most of
the area information may correspond to planted area, as for
grapes, or because of the scarcity and unreliability of the area
figures reported by the countries, as for example for cocoa and
coffee.
Fibre crops : Natural fibre crops include agave fibres nes, cotton
lint, fibre crops nes, flax fibre and tow, hemp tow waste, jute,
manila fibre (abaca), other bastfibres, ramie, seed cotton and
sisal.
261
Fertilizers: The Fertilizer dataset contains summary data from

2002 onwards. This dataset has been prepared using a revised methodology and new dissemination formats starting
in 2006. The previous fertilizer data series in FAOSTAT (data
from 1961 to 2002) can be found in the Fertilizer Archive.
The two sets should be used separately and not combined in
order to create longer time series. This is due to the following changes from 2002 including: a change in the underlying
fertilizer data methodology; the move to the use of calendar
rather than a mixture of calendar and fertilizer year; revised
classification of the fertilizer items; the addition of the nonfertilizer use parameter in the fertilizer balance and the use
of new data sources for some data (e.g. UN COMTRADE). The
fertilizer statistics data are generally received from individual
countries in product weight through the new FAO Questionnaire on Agricultural Resources Fertilizers and then converted to nutrients and validated for consistency regarding
summary totals of production, import, export, non-fertilizer
use and consumption for the three types of fertilizers: nitrogen (N), phosphate (P205), potash (K2 O) and including complex fertilizers (NP, PK, NK and NPK).
Fruit, excluding melons: Fruit crops consist of fruits and berries
that, with few exceptions, are characterized by their sweet
taste. Nearly all are permanent crops, mainly from trees,
bushes and shrubs, as well as vines and palms. Fruits and
berries grow on branches, stalks or the trunks of plants, usually singly, but sometimes grouped in bunches or clusters
(e.g. bananas and grapes). Commercial crops are cultivated
in plantations, but significant quantities of fruits are also collected from scattered plants that may or may not be cultivated.
Goats: Includes hircus, ibex, nubiana, pyrenaica, tibetana, kashmir
and angora.
Government expenditure: Data presented on government expenditure refer to Core Areas of Government Functions Relevant
to the Agriculture Sector based on the Classification of Functions of Government (COFOG) as outlined in the IMFs Government Finance Statistics Manual, 2001 (GFSM 2001). COFOG is
essential for making international comparisons of the extent
to which governments are involved in economic and social
functions because it avoids problems associated with organizational changes in a single government, and problems of
organizational differences among countries. Statistics on expenditures in agriculture, forestry and fisheries and on environmental protection can be used to study the effectiveness
of government programs that support an enabling environment for essential public goods with high economic and social returns. COFOG provides key aggregates that could be
used as indicators or measures of results / outcomes.
Growth: The n-period geometric growth rate can be computed as
follow:

rGEO =
n
0
1
n
1 100
Least-squares growth rates are used wherever there is a sufficiently long time series to permit a reliable calculation. The
Hubers M-estimator is used if more than half the observations
in a period are missing.
The least-squares growth rate can be computed as:
rLS = e 1 100
where is the least squares estimation or the M-estimator
of when regressing the logarithmic of the variable against
time.
Jute and jute-like : White jute (Corchorus capsularis); red jute,

tossa (C. olitorius). Trade data cover raw or processed jute (but
not spun), tow and waste, yarn waste and garnetted stock and
may include jute-like fibres.
Meat, total : Meat from animals, fresh, chilled or frozen, with bone
in. All data shown relate to total meat production from both
commercial and farm slaughter. Data are given in terms of
dressed carcass weight, i.e. excluding offals and slaughter
fats.
Milk: Whole fresh milk production from Buffalos, Camels, Cows,
Goats and Sheep.
MUV: The MUV is a composite index of prices for manufactured
exports from the fifteen major developed and emerging
economies to low- and middle-income economies, valued in
US$. For the MUV (15) index, unit value indexes in local
currency for each country are converted to US$ using market exchange rates and are combined using weights determined by the share of each countrys exports in G15 exports
to low- and middle-income countries. The shares are calculated using SITC revision 3 Manufactures exports data from
UN COMTRADE in 2005, the base year. The primary manufacturing prices index source is OECDs Domestic Producer Price
Index (PPI) for manufacturing. Whenever PPI is not available,
export price indexes or the export unit values are used as
proxies. The countries and relative weights (in parentheses)
are: Brazil (2.95%), Canada (0.93%), China (11.79%), France
(5.87%), Germany (13.29%), India (1.77%), Italy (6.07%), Japan
(16.70%), Mexico (0.93%), South Africa (0.75%), South Korea
(10.95%), Spain (2.30%), Thailand (2.51%), United Kingdom
(3.50%), and United States (19.68%).
Official Development Assistance: The concessional (Official Development Assistance ODA) and non-Concessional commitments
made by bilateral and multilateral donors to developing countries is referred to as External Assistance to Agriculture. The
term Agriculture is generally used in the broad sense to
cover agriculture, forestry, fisheries, land and water, agroindustries, environment, manufacturing of agricultural inputs
and machinery, regional and river development, and rural development. The narrow concept of agriculture has also been
defined to look at the contribution made to develop agriculture in a strict sense. This includes assistance provided for
the development of agriculture (crop and animal husbandry),
forestry, fisheries (including training, extension and research)
and development of land and water resources.
Oil-bearing crops: Oil-bearing crops or oil crops include both annual (usually called oilseeds) and perennial plants whose
seeds, fruits or mesocarp and nuts are valued mainly for the
edible or industrial oils that are extracted from them. They include: castor oil seed, coconuts, cottonseed, groundnuts, with
shell, hempseed, jojoba seeds, karite nuts (sheanuts), linseed,
melonseed, mustard seed, oil palm fruit, oilseeds, nes, olives,
palm kernels, palm oil, poppy seed, rapeseed, safflower seed,
seed cotton, sesame seed, soybeans, sunflower seed and sung
nuts.
Paper and paperboard: The sum of paper and paperboard,
newsprint, paper and paperboard other than newsprint, printing and writing paper, other paper and paperboard, household
and sanitary paper, wrapping and packaging paper and paperboard and other paper and paperboard not elsewhere
specified. See www.fao.org/forestry/statistics/80570/en/ for
further information.
n t = + t
Industrial roundwood: The wood removed (volume of roundwood under bark) for production of goods and services other than energy production (woodfuel). It represents the sum of: sawlogs and veneer logs; pulpwood,
round and split; and other industrial roundwood. See
www.fao.org/forestry/statistics/80570/en/ for further information.
262
Per capita supply: Estimates of per capita food supplies available

for human consumption during the reference period in terms
of quantity, caloric value, protein and fat content. Calorie
supplies are reported in kilocalories (1 calorie = 4.19 kilojoules). Per capita supplies in terms of product weight are
derived from the total supplies available for human consumption (i.e. Food) by dividing the quantities of food by the total
population actually partaking of the food supplies during the
METADATA
reference period, i.e. the present in-area (de facto) population within the present geographical boundaries of the country. In other words, nationals living abroad during the reference period are excluded, but foreigners living in the country
are included. Adjustments are made wherever possible for
part-time presence or absence, such as temporary migrants,
tourists and refugees supported by special schemes (if it has
not been possible to allow for the amounts provided by such
schemes under imports). In almost all cases, the population figures used are the mid-year estimates published by the
United Nations Population Division. Per capita supply figures
shown in the commodity balances therefore represent only
the average supply available for the population as a whole
and do not necessarily indicate what is actually consumed by
individuals. Even if they are taken as approximation to per
capita consumption, it is important to note that the amount
of food actually consumed may be lower than the quantity
shown here, depending on the degree of losses of edible food
and nutrients in the household, e.g. during storage, in preparation and cooking etc. In many cases commodities are not
consumed in the primary form in which they are presented
in the commodity balance, e.g. cereals enter the household
mainly in processed form like flour, meal, husked or milled
rice. To take this fact into account, the caloric value, the protein and fat content shown against primary commodities in
the commodity balances have been derived by applying the
appropriate food composition factors to the quantities of the
processed commodities and not by multiplying the quantities
shown in the commodity balance with the food composition
factors relating to primary commodities.
Pig meat: Meat, with the bone in, of domestic or wild pigs (e.g. wild
boars),whether fresh, chilled or frozen.
Poultry meat: Poultry birds, fresh, chilled or frozen, with bone in.
All data shown relate to total meat production from both commercial and farm slaughter. Data are given in terms of dressed
carcass weight, i.e. excluding offals and slaughter fats. Poultry meat includes Bird meat, nes, Chicken meat, Duck meat,
Goose and guinea fowl meat and Turkey meat.
Production: Figures relate to the total domestic production
whether inside or outside the agricultural sector, i.e. it
includes non-commercial production and production from
kitchen gardens. Unless otherwise indicated, production is
reported at the farm level for crop and livestock products (i.e.
in the case of crops, excluding harvesting losses) and in terms
of live weight for fish items (i.e. the actual ex-water weight at
the time of the harvest). All data shown relate to total meat
production from both commercial and farm slaughter. Data
of meat production are expressed in terms of dressed carcass
weight, excluding offal and slaughter fats. Production of beef
and buffalo meat includes veal; mutton and goat meat includes meat from lambs and kids; pig meat includes bacon
and ham in fresh equivalent. Poultry meat includes meat from
all domestic birds and refers, wherever possible, to ready-tocook weight.
Production - Livestock primary: Livestock primary products include products from live and slaughtered animals. Products
from slaughtered animals include meat, offals, raw fats, fresh
hides and skins. Products from live animals include milk,
eggs, honey, beeswax and fibres of animal origin. All data
shown relate to total meat production from both commercial and farm slaughter. Data are given in terms of dressed
carcass weight, i.e. excluding offals and slaughter fats. Production of beef and buffalo meat includes veal; mutton and
goat meat includes meat from lambs and kids, respectively;
pig meat includes bacon and ham in fresh equivalent. Poultry
meat includes meat from all domestic birds and refers, wherever possible, to ready-to-cook weight. Cow milk production
relates to total production of whole fresh milk, excluding the
milk sucked by young animals but including amounts fed to
livestock. The concept of production of buffalo, sheep and
goat milk is the same as for cow milk; however, the coverage is probably less adequate. Egg production covers all domestic birds which have contributed to egg production during
the year, wherever they lay and the corresponding total production, including eggs intended to be used for hatching but
excluding waste on farms.
Pulses: Pulses are annual leguminous crops yielding from one to 12
grains or seeds of variable size, shape and colour within a pod.
They are used for both food and feed. The term "pulses" is limited to crops harvested solely for dry grain, thereby excluding
crops harvested green for food (green peas, green beans, etc.)
which are classified as vegetable crops. Also excluded are
those crops used mainly for oil extraction (e.g. soybean and
groundnuts) and leguminous crops (e.g. seeds of clover and
alfalfa) that are used exclusively for sowing purposes. They
include bambara beans, beans, dry, broad beans, horse beans,
dry, chick peas, cow peas, dry, lentils, lupins, peas, dry, pigeon
peas, pulses, nes, and vetches.
Recovered paper: Waste and scraps of paper or paperboard that
have been collected for re-use as a raw material for the
manufacture of paper and paperboard. It includes: paper
and paperboard that has been used for its original purpose
and residues from paper and paperboard production. See
Rice (paddy): Oryza spp., mainly oryza sativa. Rice grain after
threshing and winnowing. Also known as rice in the husk and
rough rice. Used mainly for human food.
Root and tuber crops: Roots and tubers are plants yielding starchy
roots, tubers, rhizomes, corms and stems. They include potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, yautia (cocoyam), taro (cocoyam), yams, roots and tubers nes.
Roundwood: All roundwood felled or otherwise harvested and removed. It comprises all wood obtained from removals, i.e.
the quantities removed from forests and from trees outside
the forest, including wood recovered from natural, felling and
logging losses during the period, calendar year or forest year.
It includes: all wood removed with or without bark, including
wood removed in its round form, or split, roughly squared or
in other form (e.g. branches, roots, stumps and burls (where
these are harvested) and wood that is roughly shaped or
pointed. In the production statistics, it represents the sum of:
wood fuel, including wood for charcoal; sawlogs and veneer
logs; pulpwood, round and split; and other industrial roundwood. See www.fao.org/forestry/statistics/80570/en/ for further information.
Sawnwood: Wood that has been produced from both domestic
and imported roundwood, either by sawing lengthways or
by a profile-chipping process and that, with a few exceptions, exceeds 5 mm in thickness. It includes: planks, beams,
joists, boards, rafters, scantlings, laths, boxboards, sleepers and "lumber", etc., in the following forms: unplaned,
planed, grooved, tongued, fingerjointed, chamfered, rabbeted, V-jointed, beaded, etc. It excludes: wooden flooring.
See www.fao.org/forestry/statistics/80570/en/ for further information.
Sheep: Ovis spp.. See Cattle.
karakul and astrakhan.
Includes uriel, argali, bighorn,
Sugar: Beta vulgaris var. altissima. In some producing countries,

marginal quantities are consumed, either directly as food or
in the preparation of jams.
Vegetable, including melons: Vegetables, as classified in this
group, are mainly annual plants cultivated as field and garden crops in the open and under glass, and used almost exclusively for food. Vegetables grown principally for animal
feed or seed should be excluded. Certain plants, normally
classified as cereals and pulses, belong to this group when
harvested green, such as green maize, green peas, etc. This
grouping differs from international trade classifications for
vegetables in that it includes melons and watermelons, which
263
are normally considered to be fruit crops. But, whereas fruit

crops are virtually all permanent crops, melons and watermelons are similar to vegetables in that they are temporary
crops. Chillies and green peppers are included in this grouping when they are harvested for consumption as vegetables
and not processed into spices. FAO production data for green
peas and green beans refer to the total weight including pods,
although some countries report on a shelled weight basis.
The weight of the pods ranges from 40 to 50 percent for peas
to up to 70 percent for broad beans. Area data on small vegetable gardens are often omitted in agricultural surveys, although production estimates may be reported. Trade data for
fresh vegetables also include chilled vegetables, meaning the
temperature of the products has been reduced to around 0 C
without the products being frozen.
Wheat: Triticum spp.: common (T. aestivum) durum (T. durum) spelt
(T. spelta). Common and durum wheat are the main types.
Among common wheat, the main varieties are spring and winter, hard and soft, and red and white. At the national level, different varieties should be reported separately, reflecting their
different uses. Used mainly for human food.
Wood-based panels: The wood-based panels category is an aggregate category. In the production and trade statistics, it represents the sum of: veneer sheets, plywood, particle board,
and fibreboard. See http://www.fao.org/forestry/62283/en/
for further information.
Wood pulp: Wood pulp is a fibrous material prepared from pulpwood, wood chips, particles, residues or recovered paper by
mechanical and/or chemical process for further manufacture
into paper, paperboard, fibreboard or other cellulose products. In the production and trade statistics, it represents
the sum of: mechanical wood pulp; semi-chemical wood
pulp; chemical wood pulp; and dissolving wood pulp. See
Woodfuel: Roundwood that will be used as fuel for purposes such
as cooking, heating or power production. It includes: wood
harvested from main stems, branches and other parts of
trees (where these are harvested for fuel) and wood that
will be used for charcoal production (e.g. in pit kilns and
portable ovens). The volume of roundwood used in charcoal production, is estimated by using a factor of 6.0 to convert from the weight (MT) of charcoal produced to the solid
volume (CUM) of roundwood used in production. It is reported in cubic meters underbark (i.e. excluding bark). See
264
METADATA
Indicators
Agricultural area (ha)
Agricultural area is the sum of areas under Arable land, and Permanent crops, and Permanent pastures.
Source: FAO, Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)
Owner: FAO
Referenced in: table 4
Agricultural area (share of total land)
See Agricultural area (ha).
Referenced in: chart 10, table 4
Agricultural population, total
Agricultural population is defined as all persons depending for their
livelihood on agriculture, hunting, fishing and forestry. It comprises
all persons economically active in agriculture as well as their nonworking dependents. It is not necessary that this referred population
exclusively come from rural population.
Owner: FAO
Agricultural tractors, total (tractors)
Agricultural tractors, total generally refer to total wheel, crawler or
track-laying type tractors and pedestrian tractors used in agriculture.
Data are available for numbers in use in the agricultural sector as of
2000. Data on import and export in value and number are also available as of 1961.
Owner: FAO
Referenced in: map 12, table 7
Agricultural water withdrawal (share of total water withdrawal)
Agricultural water withdrawal as percentage of total water withdrawal.
Source: Land and Water Division (AQUASTAT)
Owner: FAO
Agricultural water withdrawal (m3 /yr)
Annual quantity of water withdrawn for irrigation, livestock and aquaculture purposes. It includes renewable freshwater resources as well
as over-abstraction of renewable groundwater or withdrawal of fossil
groundwater, use of agricultural drainage water, (treated) wastewater
and desalinated water. .
Owner: FAO
Agriculture value added per worker (constant 2000 US$)
Agriculture value added per worker is a measure of agricultural productivity. Value added in agriculture measures the output of the agricultural sector (ISIC divisions 1-5) less the value of intermediate inputs.
Agriculture comprises value added from forestry, hunting, and fishing
as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Data are in
constant 2000 US$.
Source: World Bank (WDI)
Owner: Derived from World Bank national accounts files and FAO, Production Yearbook and data files.
Agriculture value added per worker p.a. growth (%)
See Agriculture value added per worker (constant 2000 US$) and
Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Referenced in: map 4
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting, Cash (Budg. Cen. Govt.)
(share of agricultural GDP)
See Government expenditure in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO and IMF
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting, Cash (Budg. Cen. Govt.)

(share of total outlays)
Owner: FAO and IMF
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting, Noncash (Budg. Cen.
Govt.) (share of agricultural GDP)
Owner: FAO and IMF
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting, Noncash (Budg. Cen.
Govt.) (share of total outlays)
Owner: FAO and IMF
Agriculture, value added (share of GDP)
Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-5 and includes forestry,
hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all
outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without
making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion
and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC),
revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is
used as the denominator.
Owner: World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.
Referenced in: chart 6, map 5, table 3
All GHG agricultural sectors, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)
Agriculture Total contains all the emissions produced in the different
agricultural emissions sub-domains, providing a picture of the contribution to the total amount of GHG emissions from agriculture. GHG
Emissions from agriculture consist of non-CO2 gases, namely methane
(CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), produced by crop and livestock production and management activities.
Owner: FAO
Exports of animal fats (real 2005 US$)
Exports of animal fats in constant US$.
Owner: FAO
Referenced in: chart 88
Aquaculture fish production (tonnes)
Aquaculture is defined as the farming of aquatic organisms. Farming
implies some form of intervention in the rearing process to enhance
production, such as regular stocking, feeding, protection from predators, etc. Farming also implies individual or corporate ownership of
the stock being cultivated. For statistical purposes, aquatic organisms which are harvested by an individual or corporate body which
has owned them throughout their rearing period contribute to aquaculture, while aquatic organisms which are exploitable by the public
as a common property resource, with or without appropriate licenses,
are the harvest of fisheries. In the case of capture-based aquaculture,
only the incremental growth (or weight gain) in captivity, could and
should be reported as the production from aquaculture. Data included
here covers an aquaculture production of fish, molluscs, crustaceans
and miscellaneous aquatic animals but excluding production for marine mammals, crocodiles, corals, pearls, sponges and aquatic plants.
Source: Fisheries and Aquaculture Department (Fishery and Aquaculture statistics)
Owner: FAO
265
Aquaculture fish production inland (tonnes)

Aquaculture production from inland areas.
Owner: FAO
Average protein supply (g/cap/day)

National average protein supply (expressed in grams per capita per
day). As other indicators based on Food balance Sheets data, it is calculated on 3 year averages, to reduce the impact of errors in recording
of annual stock variations.
Source: FAO, Statistics Division
Owner: FAO
Aquaculture fish production marine (tonnes)

Aquaculture production from marine areas.
Owner: FAO
Aquaculture fish production p.a. growth (%)
See Aquaculture fish production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Aquaculture fish production per capita (tonne/cap)
See Aquaculture fish production (tonnes).
Average supply of protein of animal origin (g/cap/day)

National average protein supply (expressed in grams per capita per
day). It includes the following groups: Meat; Offals; Animal Fats and
Products; Milk and Products; Eggs, Fish, Seafood and Products; and Acquatic Products, other. The indicator is calculated on 3 year averages.
Owner: FAO
Beef and buffalo meat (tonnes)
See Buffalos, Meat, total, and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Referenced in: chart 69, chart 70, table 34
Referenced in: chart 78, chart 81

Arable land (share of agricultural area)
See Arable land (ha).
Beef and buffalo meat p.a. growth (%)

See Beef and buffalo meat (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.

Arable land (ha)
Arable land is the land under temporary agricultural crops (multiplecropped areas are counted only once), temporary meadows for mowing
or pasture, land under market and kitchen gardens and land temporarily fallow (less than five years). The abandoned land resulting from
shifting cultivation is not included in this category. Data for Arable
land are not meant to indicate the amount of land that is potentially
cultivable.
Beef and buffalo meat per capita (tonne/cap)

See Beef and buffalo meat (tonnes).
Exports of beverages (real 2005 US$)
Exports of beverages in constant US$.
Owner: FAO
Owner: FAO
Arable land and permanent crops (ha)
This category is the sum of areas under Arable land and Permanent
crops.
Owner: FAO
Area under bioenergy crops (ha)
The assumed land area required to produce a given annual quantity of
biofuel production.
Source: FAO
Owner: Based on IEA biofuel production data
Average dietary supply adequacy (index)
The indicator expresses the Dietary Energy Supply (DES) as a percentage of the Average Dietary Energy Requirement (ADER) in the country. Each countrys or regions average supply of calories for food consumption is normalized by the average dietary energy requirement estimated for its population, to provide an index of adequacy of the food
supply in terms of calories. Analyzed together with the prevalence of
undernourishment, it allows discerning whether undernourishment is
mainly due to insufficiency of the food supply or to particularly bad
distribution. The indicator is calculated as an average over 3 years to
reduce the impact of possible errors in estimated DES, due to the difficulties in properly accounting of stock variations in major food. It thus
provides an indicator of structural food supply adequacy
Owner: FAO
266
Biofuel production (energy, kilotonne of oil equivalent)

Sum of ethanol and biodiesel production, reported in kilotonne of oil
equivalent.
Source: IEA
Owner: Energy Balances of OECD Countries and Energy Balances of
Non-OECD Countries, 2011 editions
Bird species, threatened
Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. Threatened species are the number of species classified by
the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Owner: United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, and International Union for Conservation of
Nature, Red List of Threatened Species.
Burning crop residues, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)
Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from burning crop residues consist
of methane and nitrous oxide gases produced by the combustion of a
percentage of the crop residues burnt on-site.
Owner: FAO
Butter and ghee production (tonnes)
See Butter and ghee and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
METADATA
Capture fish production (tonnes)
Cereals harvested area (ha)
Capture fishery is defined as the hunting, collecting and gathering activities directed at removing or collecting live wild aquatic organisms.
The capture production statistics here indicates the nominal catches of
aquatic organisms, killed, caught, trapped or collected for all commercial, industrial, recreational and subsistence purposes in live weight
equivalent. Data included here covers capture production of fish, molluscs, crustaceans and miscellaneous aquatic animals but excluding
production for marine mammals, crocodiles, corals, pearls, sponges
and aquatic plants.
See Cereals and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.

Owner: FAO
Cereals harvested area p.a. growth (%)
See Cereals harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Cereals production (tonnes)
See Cereals and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.

Capture fish production inland (tonnes)
Owner: FAO
Capture fishery production from inland areas.
Cereals production p.a. growth (%)
Owner: FAO
See Cereals production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.

Capture fish production marine (tonnes)

Capture fishery production from marine areas.
Cereals production per capita (tonne/cap)
See Cereals production (tonnes).

Owner: FAO
Cereals yield (hg/ha)

See Cereals and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Capture fish production p.a. growth (%)
See Capture fish production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and

Methods.
Owner: FAO

Cereals yield p.a. growth (%)
Capture fish production per capita (tonne/cap)
See Cereals yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
See Capture fish production (tonnes).

Change in life expectancy at birth, total (years)
Cattle and buffaloes (heads)
See Life expectancy at birth, total (years).
See Cattle, Buffaloes, and Stocks in Concepts and Methods.

Owner: FAO
Referenced in: chart 65, map 44, chart 67
Cheese (all kinds) production (tonnes)

See Cheese (all kinds) and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Cattle and buffaloes per ha of agricultural area (head/ha)
Owner: FAO
See Cattle and buffaloes (heads).

Children in employment, total (share of children ages 7-14)
Cereal exports (tonnes)
Exports (volume) of cereals.
Children in employment refer to children involved in economic activity

for at least one hour in the reference week of the survey.
Owner: FAO
Owner: Understanding Childrens Work Project based on data from ILO,

UNICEF and the World Bank.

Cereal import dependency ratio (%)
Cereal imports/(cereal production + cereal import - cereal export). The
indicator is calculated on 3 year averages.
Citrus fruit harvested area (ha)
Source: Statistics Division
Owner: FAO
Owner: FAO
Cereal imports (tonnes)
Citrus fruit harvested area p.a. growth (%)
Imports (volume) of cereals.

See Citrus fruit harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Owner: FAO
See Citrus fruit and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
267
Citrus fruit production (tonnes)

See Citrus fruit and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Citrus fruit production p.a. growth (%)
See Citrus fruit production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Credit to agriculture (current LCU)

Credit to Agriculture from the banking system includes farm credit dedicated to financing agricultural related activities such as input supply
(for seed, fertilizers, irrigation, machinery, implements etc.), production, distribution, wholesale, processing and marketing activities that
support commercialized agricultural production. It may also include
bridging farmers incomes which are seasonal and working expenses
that are spread over time. For example, the seasonal nature of production and the dependence on biological processes and natural resources leaves producers subject to events beyond their control such
as droughts, floods or diseases.
Citrus fruit yield (hg/ha)

See Citrus fruit and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Citrus fruit yield p.a. growth (%)
See Citrus fruit yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Coarse grain harvested area (ha)
See Coarse grain and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Owner: FAO
Credit to agriculture, share of agriculture value added (%)

See Credit to agriculture (current LCU).
Crop residues, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from crop residues consist of nitrous
oxide gas from decomposition of nitrogen in crop residues left on managed soils.
Owner: FAO
Cropland per capita (ha)

Coarse grain harvested area p.a. growth (%)
See Coarse grain harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Coarse grain production (tonnes)
See Coarse grain and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
See Arable land and permanent crops (ha).

Crops Gross Production Index Number (2004-2006 = 100)

See Agricultural production indices in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Referenced in: chart 53, map 32
Cultivated organic soils in CO2 eq (gigagrams)

Coarse grain production p.a. growth (%)
See Coarse grain production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Sum of Cultivated organic soils, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)

and Cultivated organic soils, net emissions/removal in CO2 eq (gigagrams).
Owner: FAO
Coarse grain production per capita (tonne/cap)

See Coarse grain production (tonnes).
Coarse grain yield (hg/ha)
See Coarse grain and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Coarse grain yield p.a. growth (%)
See Coarse grain yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Cultivated organic soils, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from manure applied to soils consist
of nitrous oxide gas from nitrogen additions to managed soils from
treated manure.
Owner: FAO
Dairy products (milk equivalent) exports (tonnes)

Exports (volume) of dairy products (milk equivalent).
Owner: FAO
CPIA business regulatory environment rating (1=low to 6=high)

Business regulatory environment assesses the extent to which the legal, regulatory, and policy environments help or hinder private businesses in investing, creating jobs, and becoming more productive.
Owner:
World
Bank
Group,
CPIA
database
(http://www.worldbank.org/ida).
268
Dairy products (milk equivalent) imports (tonnes)

Imports (volume) of dairy products (milk equivalent).
Owner: FAO
METADATA
Depth of the food deficit (kcal/cap/day)

The depth of the food deficit indicates how many calories would be
needed to lift the undernourished from their status, everything else
being constant. The average intensity of food deprivation of the undernourished, estimated as the difference between the average dietary
energy requirement and the average dietary energy consumption of
the undernourished population (food-deprived), is multiplied by the
number of undernourished to provide an estimate of the total food
deficit in the country, which is then normalized by the total population. The indicator is calculated as an average over 3 years.
Owner: FAO
Employment in agriculture (share of total employment)

See Employment, total.
Employment in industry (share of total employment)

Employment in services (share of total employment)

Domestic food price volatility (index)

The Domestic Food Price Volatility is a measure of variation of the
Domestic Food Price Level Index. It has been computed as the Standard
Deviation (SD) of the deviations from the trend over the previous five
years.
Owner: ILO and World Bank ICP (International Comparison Project)
Referenced in: chart 40, chart 42, chart 43
Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (share of population affected,
average 1990-2009)
Droughts, floods and extreme temperatures is the annual average percentage of the population that is affected by natural disasters classified as either droughts, floods, or extreme temperature events. A
drought is an extended period of time characterized by a deficiency
in a regions water supply that is the result of constantly below average precipitation. A drought can lead to losses to agriculture, affect
inland navigation and hydropower plants, and cause a lack of drinking water and famine. A flood is a significant rise of water level in a
stream, lake, reservoir or coastal region. Extreme temperature events
are either cold waves or heat waves. A cold wave can be both a prolonged period of excessively cold weather and the sudden invasion of
very cold air over a large area. Along with frost it can cause damage to
agriculture, infrastructure, and property. A heat wave is a prolonged
period of excessively hot and sometimes also humid weather relative
to normal climate patterns of a certain region. Population affected
is the number of people injured, left homeless or requiring immediate assistance during a period of emergency resulting from a natural
disaster; it can also include displaced or evacuated people. Average
percentage of population affected is calculated by dividing the sum of
total affected for the period stated by the sum of the annual population
figures for the period stated.
Owner: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database:
www.emdat.be, Universit Catholique de Louvain, Brussels (Belgium),
World Bank.
Employment, total
Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and
receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates,
or pay in-kind.
Source: World Bank
Owner: International Labour Organization, Key Indicators of the Labour
Market (KILM) database.
Enteric fermentation, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from enteric fermentation consist
of methane gas produced in digestive systems of ruminants and to a
lesser extent of non-ruminants.
Owner: FAO
Environmental Protection, Cash (Budg. Cen. Govt.) (share of total outlays)

Environmental Protection, Noncash (Budg. Cen. Govt.) (share of total

outlays)
Evaporated and condensed milk production (tonnes)

See Evaporated and condensed milk and Production in Concepts and
Methods.
Eggs primary production (tonnes)

See Eggs primary and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Owner: FAO
Export of forest products (US$)

See Forest products in Concepts and Methods.
Eggs primary production p.a. growth (%)

See Eggs primary production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Employees, agriculture, female (share of female employment)
See Female employment, total.
Employees, agriculture, male (share of male employment)
Owner: FAO
Export of roundwood (m3 )
See Roundwood in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Exports of animal fats (US$)

Value of exports of animal fats in current US$.
Owner: FAO
269
Exports of animal fats (constant 2005 US$)

See Exports of animal fats (US$) and MUV in Concepts and Methods.
Source: FAO, Statistics Division (FAOSTAT) and World Bank
Owner: FAO, Statistics Division (FAOSTAT) and World Bank
Exports of fish (constant 2005 US$)
Exports of beverages (US$)

Value of exports of beverages in current US$.
Owner: FAO
See Exports of fish (US$) and MUV in Concepts and Methods.

Source: Fisheries and Aquaculture Department (Fishery and Aquaculture statistics) and World Bank
Owner: Fisheries and Aquaculture Department (Fishery and Aquaculture statistics) and World Bank
Exports of food (US$)

Value of exports of food in current US$.
Exports of beverages (constant 2005 US$)

See Exports of beverages (US$) and MUV in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Exports of fruit and vegetables (US$)
Value of exports of fruit and vegetables in current US$.
Owner: FAO
Exports of cereals (US$)

Value of exports of cereals in current US$.
Owner: FAO
Exports of fruit and vegetables (constant 2005 US$)

See Exports of fruit and vegetables (US$) and MUV in Concepts and
Methods.
Exports of cereals and prep. (US$)

Value of exports of cereals and prep. in current US$.
Owner: FAO

Exports of meat and meat prep. (US$)
Exports of cereals and prep. (constant 2005 US$)

See Exports of cereals and prep. (US$) and MUV in Concepts and
Methods.
Exports of coffee, tea, cocoa, and spices (US$)
Value of exports of coffee, tea, cocoa, and spices in current US$.
Owner: FAO
Value of exports of meat and meat prep. in current US$.

Owner: FAO
Exports of meat and meat prep. (constant 2005 US$)
See Exports of meat and meat prep. (US$) and MUV in Concepts and
Methods.
Exports of oilseeds (US$)
Exports of coffee, tea, cocoa, and spices (US$)

See Exports of coffee, tea, cocoa, and spices (US$) and MUV in Concepts and Methods.
Value of exports of oilseeds in current US$.

Owner: FAO
Exports of oilseeds (constant 2005 US$)
See Exports of oilseeds (US$) and MUV in Concepts and Methods.
Exports of dairy products (milk equivalent) (US$)

Value of exports of milk equivalent in current US$.
Owner: FAO

Exports of sugar and honey (US$)
Exports of dairy products (milk equivalent) (constant 2005 US$)

See Exports of dairy products (milk equivalent) (US$) and MUV in
Concepts and Methods.
Value of exports of sugar and honey in current US$.
Exports of fish (US$)

Value of exports of fish in current US$ (data reported include fish,
molluscs, crustaceans, and miscellaneous aquatic animals but excluding marine mammals, crocodiles, corals, pearls, sponges and aquatic
plants, miscellaneous aquatic animal products and fish waste).
Owner: FAO
270

Owner: FAO
Exports of sugar and honey (constant 2005 US$)
See Exports of sugar and honey (US$) and MUV in Concepts and
Methods.
Exports of veg. oils (US$)
Value of exports of veg. oils in current US$.
Owner: FAO
METADATA
Exports of veg. oils (constant 2005 US$)

See Exports of veg. oils (US$) and MUV in Concepts and Methods.
Fat supply quantity in crops primary equivalent (g/cap/day)
See Per capita supply in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
FDI inflows - Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (current US$)
Inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) in agriculture, hunting,
forestry, and fishing.
Source: Foreign agriculture investment database
Owner: UNCTAD
FDI inflows - Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing + Food, beverages,
tobacco (current US$)
Inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) in agriculture, hunting,
forestry, and fishing + food, beverages, tobacco.
Owner: UNCTAD
Fibre crop yield (hg/ha)

See Fibre crops and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Fibre crop yield p.a. growth (%)
See Fibre crops yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Fibre crops primary production (tonnes)
See Fibre crops primary and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Fibre crops primary production p.a. growth (%)
See Fibre crops primary production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts
and Methods.
Fibre crops production (tonnes)
See Fibre crops and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO

FDI inflows - Food, beverages, tobacco (current US$)
Inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) in food, beverages, tobacco.
Owner: UNCTAD
Female employment, total
Employees are people who work for a public or private employer and
receive remuneration in wages, salary, commission, tips, piece rates,
or pay in kind.
Source: World Bank
Market database.
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
Total fertility rate represents the number of children who would be
born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing
years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility
rates.
Owner: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010
Fibre crop harvested area (ha)
See Fibre crops and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Fibre crop harvested area p.a. growth (%)
See Fibre crops harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Fibre crop production p.a. growth (%)
See Fibre crops production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Fish species, threatened

Fish species are based on Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Owner: Froese, R. and Pauly, D. (eds). 2008. FishBase database,
www.fishbase.org.
Fixed broadband Internet subscribers (per 100 people)
Fixed broadband Internet subscribers are the number of broadband
subscribers with a digital subscriber line, cable modem, or other highspeed technology.
Owner: International Telecommunication Union, World Telecommunication/ICT Development Report and database, and World Bank estimates.
Food Gross per capita production index number (2004-2006 = 100)
See Agricultural production indices in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Food Price Level Index (index)
The Domestic Food Price Level Index is calculated by dividing the Food
Purchasing Power Parity (FPPP) by the General PPP, thus providing an
index of the price of food in the country relative to the price of the
generic cosnumption basket. Data are available for 2005 from the ICP
Program . It is then extended to other years by adjusting both numerator and denominator using the relative chenges in Food CPI and
General CPI as provided by ILO.
Owner: ILO and World Bank ICP (International Comparison Project)
Food supply in crops primary equivalent (kcal/cap/day)
Owner: FAO
271
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)

Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire
a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock)
in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other
long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of
payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less
disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and
is divided by GDP.
Owner: International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics
and Balance of Payments databases, World Bank, Global Development
Finance, and World Bank and OECD GDP estimates.
Forest area (share of total land)
See Forest area (ha).
Referenced in: chart 10, table 4, map 55, table 41
Forest area (ha)
Forest area is the land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees
higher than 5 meters and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or
trees able to reach these thresholds in situ. It does not include land
that is predominantly under agricultural or urban land use. Forest is
determined both by the presence of trees and the absence of other
predominant land uses. The trees should be able to reach a minimum
height of 5 metres (m) in situ. Areas under reforestation that have not
yet reached but are expected to reach a canopy cover of 10 percent and
a tree height of 5 m are included, as are temporarily unstocked areas,
resulting from human intervention or natural causes, which are expected to regenerate. Includes: areas with bamboo and palms provided
that height and canopy cover criteria are met; forest roads, firebreaks
and other small open areas; forest in national parks, nature reserves
and other protected areas such as those of specific scientific, historical,
cultural or spiritual interest; windbreaks, shelterbelts and corridors of
trees with an area of more than 0.5 ha and width of more than 20 m;
plantations primarily used for forestry or protective purposes, such as:
rubber-wood plantations and cork, oak stands. Excludes: tree stands in
agricultural production systems, for example in fruit plantations and
agroforestry systems. The term also excludes trees in urban parks and
gardens.
Owner: FAO
Forest area p.a. growth (%)
See Forest area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Fruit harvested area (ha)
See Fruit, excluding melons and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Fruit harvested area p.a. growth (%)
See Fruit harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Fruit production p.a. growth (%)
See Fruit production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Fruit production, excluding melons (tonne/cap)
See Fruit production (tonnes).
Fruit production, excluding melons (tonnes)
See Fruit, excluding melons and Crop production in Concepts and
Methods.
Owner: FAO
272
Fruit yield (hg/ha)

See Fruit, excluding melons and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Fruit yield p.a. growth (%)
See Fruit yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Fungicides and Bactericides use (tonnes)
See Total pesticides use (tonnes).
GDP (current US$)
GDP at purchasers prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any
subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated
without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for
depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current
US$. Dollar figures for GDP are converted from domestic currencies
using single year official exchange rates. For a few countries where
the official exchange rate does not reflect the rate effectively applied
to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative conversion factor is used.
GINI index
Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or,
in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution.
A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the
poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area
between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality,
expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus
a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100
implies perfect inequality.
Owner: World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based
on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for
high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study
database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).
Global 5-Year running mean land-ocean temperature index (degree
Celsius)
Global 5-years running mean land-ocean temperature index, with base
period 1951-1980.
Source: NASA, GISS Surface Temperature Analysis
Owner: NASA
Global annual mean land-ocean temperature index (degree Celsius)
Global annual mean land-ocean temperature index, with base period
1951-1980.
Owner: NASA
Global annual mean land-ocean temperature index, low latitudes
23.6N-23.6S (degree Celsius)
Global annual mean land-ocean temperature index, low latitudes
23.6N-23.6S with base period 1951-1980.
Owner: NASA
METADATA
Global annual mean land-ocean temperature index, northern latitudes

90N-23.6N (degree Celsius)
Global annual mean land-ocean temperature index, northern latitudes
90N-23.6N with base period 1951-1980.
Owner: NASA
Global annual mean land-ocean temperature index, southern latitudes

23.6S-90S (degree Celsius)
Global annual mean land-ocean temperature index, southern latitudes
23.6S-90S with base period 1951-1980.
Owner: NASA
GNI per capita p.a. growth (%)

GNI per capita is gross national income divided by mid-year population. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident
producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the
valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation
of employees and property income) from abroad.
GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$)

GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income,
converted to US$ using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the
midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident
producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the
valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated
in national currency, is usually converted to US$ at official exchange
rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is
used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international
transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a
special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given
year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of
inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries
(France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States).
From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United
Kingdom, and the United States.
Owner: World Bank national accounts data, and OECD national accounts data files.
GNI, Atlas method (current US$)

GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers
plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation
of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. Data are in current US$.
GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to US$ at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an
alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to
diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices
and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by
the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the
exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted
for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through
2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom,
and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro
area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Gross capital stock (constant 2005 prices)

The estimate of capital stock in agriculture refers to a value that is attached to the total physical capital capacity available for repeated use
in the production of other goods, in existence at specific point in time
in the economy of agriculture sector. The estimates of investment in
agriculture have indirectly been derived by the FAO Statistics Division
using physical data on livestock, tractors, irrigated land and land under
permanent crops etc., and the average prices for the year 1995. These
data enabled the derivation of the capital stock in agriculture which
is the gross, and the annual change in the latter is taken to reflect
investment in agriculture.
Owner: FAO
Gross capital stock p.a. growth (%)
See Gross capital stock (constant 2005 prices) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Gross capital stock, land development (% gross capital stock)
See Gross capital stock (constant 2005 prices).
Gross capital stock, livestock fixed assets (% gross capital stock)
Owner: FAO
Gross capital stock, livestock inventory (% gross capital stock)
Owner: FAO
Gross capital stock, machinery & equipment (% gross capital stock)
Owner: FAO
Gross capital stock, plantation crops (% gross capital stock)
Owner: FAO
Gross capital stock, structures for livestock (% gross capital stock)
Owner: FAO
Health expenditure, total (% of GDP)
Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid
designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Owner: World Health Organization National Health Account database
(see http://apps.who.int/nha/database for the most recent updates).
Herbicides use (tonnes)
Owner: FAO
Import of forest products (US$)
See Forest products in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
273
Import of roundwood (m3 )

See Roundwood in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Import value index (2004-2006 = 100)

Import value index.
Industrial water withdrawal (m3 /yr)

Annual quantity of water withdrawn for industrial uses. It includes
renewable water resources as well as potential over-abstraction of renewable groundwater or withdrawal of fossil groundwater and potential use of desalinated water or treated wastewater. This sector refers
to self-supplied industries not connected to the public distribution network. The ratio between net consumption and withdrawal is estimated
at less than 5 percent. It includes water for the cooling of thermoelectric plants, but it does not include hydropower.
Owner: FAO
Owner: FAO
Imports of fish (US$)

Value of imports of fish in current US$ (data reported include fish,
molluscs, crustaceans, and miscellaneous aquatic animals but excluding marine mammals, crocodiles, corals, pearls, sponges and aquatic
plants, miscellaneous aquatic animal products and fish waste).
Owner: FAO
Industry, value added (% of GDP)

Industry corresponds to ISIC divisions 10-45 and includes manufacturing (ISIC divisions 15-37). It comprises value added in mining, manufacturing (also reported as a separate subgroup), construction, electricity, water, and gas. Value added is the net output of a sector after
adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets
or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value
added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3.
Income share held by highest 20%

Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to
subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage
shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.
Insecticides use (tonnes)


Income share held by lowest 20%

Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to
subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage
shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.
Internally displaced persons (IDPs), total

Internally Displaced Persons are people or groups of individuals who
have been forced to leave their homes or places of habitual residence,
in particular as a result of, or in order to avoid the effects of armed
conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights
or natural- or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an international border. For purposes of UNHCRs statistics, this population
only includes conflict-generated IDPs to whom the Office extends protection and/or assistance. As such, UNHCR statistics do not provide a
comprehensive picture of global internal displacement. Moreover, UNHCRs IDP statistics are not necessarily representative of the entire IDP
population in a given country but are exclusively limited to the ones
who are protected and/or assisted by the Office. For global IDP estimates, consult the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) of
the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) website. The 2007 IDP population category also includes people in IDP-like situations. This subcategory is descriptive in nature and includes groups of persons who
are inside their country of nationality or habitual residence and who
face protection risks similar to those of IDPs but who, for practical or
other reasons, could not be reported as such.
Source: Statistical Online Population Database
Owner: UNHCR
Industrial roundwood production (m3 )

See Industrial roundwood and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Industrial roundwood production p.a. growth (%)

See Industrial roundwood production (m3 ) and Growth in Concepts
and Methods.
Industrial water withdrawal (% of total water withdrawal)

Industrial water withdrawal as percentage of total water withdrawal.
Owner: FAO
274
Irrigation potential (ha)

Area of land which is potentially irrigable. Country/regional studies
assess this value according to different methods. For example, some
consider only land resources, others consider land resources plus water availability, others include economical aspects in their assessments
(such as distance and/or difference in elevation between the suitable
land and the available water) or environmental aspects, etc. If available, this information is given in the individual country profiles. The
figure includes the area already under agricultural water management.
Owner: FAO
Jute and jute-like harvested area (ha)
See Jute and jute-like and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
METADATA
Jute and jute-like harvested area p.a. growth (%)

See Jute and jute-like harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts
and Methods.
Jute and jute-like production (tonnes)
See Jute and jute-like and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Jute and jute-like production p.a. growth (%)
See Jute and jute-like production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts
and Methods.
Jute and jute-like yield (hg/ha)
See Jute and jute-like and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Jute and jute-like yield p.a. growth (%)
See Jute and jute-like yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+)
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages
15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor
for the production of goods and services during a specified period.
Market (KILM) database.
Labor participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+)
See Labor participation rate, female (% of female population ages
15+).
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant
would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth
were to stay the same throughout its life.
Owner: UNPD World Population Prospects 2010
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who
can, with understanding, read and write a short, simple statement on
their everyday life.
Owner: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
Manure applied to soils, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from manure applied to soils consist
of nitrous oxide gas from nitrogen additions to managed soils from
treated manure.
Owner: FAO
Manure left on pasture, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)
Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions data from manure left on pasture
consist of nitrous oxide gas from nitrogen additions to managed soils
from grazing livestock.
Owner: FAO
Manure management, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from manure management consist of
methane and nitrous oxide gases from aerobic and anaerobic decomposition processes.
Owner: FAO
Marine protected areas (share of territorial waters)
Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrainand
overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural featuresthat have been reserved by law or other effective means
to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.
Source: World Bank
Owner: United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute, based on data from national authorities, national legislation and
international agreements.
Meat, total (tonnes)
See Meat, total and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Meat, total p.a. growth (%)
See Meat, total and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Meat, total per capita (tonne/cap)
See Meat, total.
Milk production (tonnes)
See Milk and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Male employment, total

Milk production p.a. growth (%)

See Milk production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Mammal species, threatened

Mammal species are mammals excluding whales and porpoises.
Threatened species are the number of species classified by the IUCN
as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)

Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public
mobile telephone service using cellular technology, which provide access to the public switched telephone network. Post-paid and prepaid
subscriptions are included.
275
Mobile cellular subscriptions (subscriptions)

Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public
mobile telephone service using cellular technology, which provide access to the public switched telephone network. Post-paid and prepaid
subscriptions are included.
Mobile cellular subscriptions p.a. growth (%)
See Mobile cellular subscriptions (subscriptions) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Mortality rate, infant (per 1 000 live births)
Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching
one year of age, per 1 000 live births in a given year.
Owner: UNICEF, WHO, World Bank and UNPD
Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1 000 live births)
Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1 000 that a newborn
baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific
mortality rates.
Owner: Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2011. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation
(UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD).
Municipal water withdrawal (share of total water withdrawal)
Municipal water withdrawal as percentage of total water withdrawal.
Owner: FAO
Municipal water withdrawal (m3 /yr)
Annual quantity of water withdrawn primarily for the direct use by
the population. It includes renewable freshwater resources as well as
potential over-abstraction of renewable groundwater or withdrawal
of fossil groundwater and the potential use of desalinated water or
treated wastewater. It is usually computed as the total water withdrawn by the public distribution network. It can include that part of
the industries, which is connected to the municipal network. The ratio
between the net consumption and the water withdrawn can vary from
5 to 15 percent in urban areas and from 10 to 50 percent in rural areas.
Owner: FAO
Net forest conversion, net emissions/removal in CO2 eq (gigagrams)
GHG emissions data from forest land are currently limited to emissions from net forest conversion to non-forest land. They consist of
the balance of CO2 sources and sinks associated with deforestation
and afforestation activities within a country.
Owner: FAO
Net ODA received (% of GDP)
See Net ODA received (% of GNI).
Net ODA received (% of GNI)
Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements
of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal)
and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC
countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries
and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with
276
a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount

of 10 percent).
Owner: Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by
non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in
countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes
loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate
of discount of 10 percent).
Net official development assistance and official aid received (current
US$)
Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements
of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal)
and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC
countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries
and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with
a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount
of 10 percent). Net official aid refers to aid flows (net of repayments)
from official donors to countries and territories in part II of the DAC list
of recipients: more advanced countries of Central and Eastern Europe,
the countries of the former Soviet Union, and certain advanced developing countries and territories. Official aid is provided under terms and
conditions similar to those for ODA. Part II of the DAC List was abolished in 2005. The collection of data on official aid and other resource
flows to Part II countries ended with 2004 data. Data are in current
US$.
Owner: Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Cooperation Report, and International Development Statistics database.
Data
Nitrogen fertilizers consumption (tonnes of N total nutrients)
See Fertilizers in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Nitrogen fertilizers consumption per ha of arable area and permanent
crops (tonne/ha)
See Nitrogen fertilizers consumption (tonnes of N total nutrients).
Referenced in: chart 16, chart 17, table 7, map 61
Number of people undernourished, total
Estimated number of people at risk of undernourishment. It is calculated by applying the estimated prevalence of undernourishment to
the total population in each period.
Owner: OECD
ODA received for agriculture sector, share of total ODA (%)
See Official Development Assistance in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: OECD
ODA received for fishing sector, share of total ODA (%)
Owner: OECD
ODA received for forestry sector, share of total ODA (US$)
METADATA
Oil-bearing crops harvested area (ha)

See Oil-bearing crops and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Oil-bearing crops harvested area p.a. growth (%)
See Oil-bearing crops harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts
and Methods.
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day per worker)
Emissions per worker are total emissions of organic water pollutants
divided by the number of industrial workers. Organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to
the amount of oxygen that bacteria in water will consume in breaking
down waste. This is a standard water-treatment test for the presence
of organic pollutants.
Owner: World Bank and UNIDOs industry database.
Oil-bearing crops production p.a. growth (%)

See Oil-bearing crops production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts
and Methods.
Organic water pollutant (BOD) emissions (kg per day)

Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured by biochemical
oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen that bacteria in
water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a standard watertreatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Owner: 1998 study by Hemamala Hettige, Muthukumara Mani,
and David Wheeler, "Industrial Pollution in Economic Development:
Kuznets Revisited" (available at www.worldbank.org/nipr). The data
were updated by the World Banks Development Research Group using
the same methodology as the initial study.
Oil-bearing crops production per capita (tonne/cap)

See Oil-bearing crops production (tonnes).
Other land (% of total land)

See Other land (ha).
Oil-bearing crops production (tonnes)

See Oil-bearing crops and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Oil-bearing crops yield (hg/ha)

See Oil-bearing crops and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Oil-bearing crops yield p.a. growth (%)
See Oil-bearing crops yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Oilseeds exports (tonnes)
Exports (volume) of oilseeds
Owner: FAO
Oilseeds imports (tonnes)
Imports (volume) of oilseeds
Owner: FAO
Organic agriculture (ha)
Sum of areas under Agricultural area certified organic and Agricultural
area in conversion to organic. The first one includes the land area
exclusively dedicated to organic agriculture and managed by applying
organic agriculture methods. It refers to the land area fully converted
to organic agriculture. It is the portion of land area (including arable
lands, pastures or wild areas) managed (cultivated) or wild harvested
in accordance with specific organic standards or technical regulations
and that has been inspected and approved by a certification body. The
second one includes the land area which is going through the organic
conversion process, usually two years period of conversion to organic
land.
Source: FAO, FAO, Statistics Division (FAOSTAT)
Owner: FAO
Organic agriculture, share of total agricultural area (%)
See Organic agriculture (ha).
Other land (ha)

Other land is the land not classified as agricultural land and forest area.
It includes built-up and related land, barren land, other wooded land,
etc.
Owner: FAO
Other naturally regenerated forest (ha)
Naturally regenerated forest is forest predominantly composed of trees
established through natural regeneration. Other naturally regenerated
forest is forest where there are clearly visible indications of human
activities.
Source: Global Forest Resources Assessment
Owner: FAO
Other naturally regenerated forest, share of total forest (%)
See Other naturally regenerated forest (ha).
Paper and paperboard production (tonnes)
See Paper and paperboard and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Paper and paperboard production p.a. growth (%)
See Paper and paperboard production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Part of equipped area actually irrigated (%)
Percent of area equipped for irrigation that is actually irrigated in any
given year, expressed in percentage. Irrigated land that is cultivated
more than once a year is counted only once.
Owner: FAO
Per capita arable land (ha/cap)
See Arable land (ha).
277
Per Capita food production variability (index)

Per capita food production variability corresponds to the variability of
the net food production value in constant 2004-2006 1 000 International $ (Net Food PIN) divided by the population number as from UN
2010 estimates. Variability is based on the trend of the Net Food PIN
per capita over the period 1985 to 2010 and corresponds to the standard deviation of the deviation from the trend over a period of 5 years.
Missing values for Eritrea/Ethiopia, former Yugoslavia and Caucasus
countries for 1985 to 1992 are estimated backward using the share of
the value of food production of each country in the total value of the
region it belonged to prior to 1992.
Owner: FAO
Per Capita food supply variability (index)
Food supply variability correspond to the variable food supply total in
kcal/person/day as estimated by the FAO Statistic Division. The variability is obtained as the standard deviation over 5 years of the deviation from the trend of per capita food supply observed during the
period 1990 to 2010.
Owner: FAO
Percent of adults who are underweight (%)
Percentage of adults who are underweight, as defined by a Body Mass
Index (BMI) below the international reference standard of 18.5. To calculate an individuals BMI, weight and height data are need. The BMI
is weight (kg) divided by squared height (m).
Owner: World Health Organization (WHO)
Percent of arable land equipped for irrigation (%)
Percent of arable land equipped for irrigation. The indicator is calculated on 3 year averages.
Owner: FAO
Percent of paved roads over total roads (%)
Paved roads are those surfaced with crushed stone (macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminized agents, with concrete, or with cobblestones, as a percentage of all the countrys roads, measured in length.
Regional aggregates are computed as weighted average using total
road network as weight. Because of the low coverage, missing values were interpolated using linear trend between two points or extrapolated backward and forward using the closest point. Note that
regional aggregates were calculated only if countries for which data
were available represented more than 70 percent of the total lenght
of road network of the region they belong to.
Owner: International Road Federation, World Road Statistics and electronic files, except where noted.
Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are stunted (%)
Percentage of stunting (height-for-age less than -2 standard deviations
of the WHO Child Growth Standards median) among children aged 0-5
years.
Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are underweight (%)
Percentage of underweight (weight-for-age less than -2 standard deviations of the WHO Child Growth Standards median) among children
aged 0-5 years.
278
Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are wasted (%)

Percentage of (weight-for-height less than -2 standard deviations of
the WHO Child Growth Standards median) among children aged 0-5
years.
Percentage of population with no reasonable access to improved sanitation facilities (%)
Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the
population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities
that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with
excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Percentage of population with no reasonable access to improved water
sources (%)
Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the
population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water
from an improved source, such as a household connection, public
standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection.
Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected
wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of
at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of
the dwelling.
Permanent crops (% of agricultural area)
See Permanent crops (ha).
Permanent crops (ha)
Permanent crops is the land cultivated with long-term crops which do
not have to be replanted for several years (such as cocoa and coffee);
land under trees and shrubs producing flowers, such as roses and jasmine; and nurseries (except those for forest trees, which should be
classified under "forest"). Permanent meadows and pastures are excluded from land under permanent crops.
Owner: FAO
Permanent meadows and pastures (% of agricultural area)
See Permanent meadows and pastures (ha).
Permanent meadows and pastures (ha)
Permanent meadows and pastures is the land used permanently (five
years or more) to grow herbaceous forage crops, either cultivated or
growing wild (wild prairie or grazing land).
Owner: FAO
Phosphate fertilizers consumption (tonnes of P205 total nutrients)
Owner: FAO
Phosphate fertilizers consumption per ha of arable area and permanent crops (tonne/ha)
See Phosphate fertilizers consumption (tonnes of P205 total nutrients).
METADATA
Pig meat (tonnes)

See Poultry meat (tonnes).
Pig meat p.a. growth (%)
See Poultry meat (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Pig meat per capita (tonne/cap)
See Pig meat and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Plant species (higher), threatened
Higher plants are native vascular plant species. Threatened species
are the number of species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known.
Planted forest (ha)
Planted forest is forest predominantly composed of trees established
through planting and/or deliberate seeding.
Owner: FAO
Planted forest, share of total forest (%)
See Planted forest (ha).
Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism (index)
Political stability and absence of violence measures perceptions of the
likelihood that the government will be destabilized or overthrown by
unconstitutional or violent means, including politically-motivated violence and terrorism.
Owner: WorldWide Governance Indicators
Population ages 0-14 (% of total)
Population between the ages 0 to 14 as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population.
Owner: The United Nations Population Divisions World Population
Prospects.
Population ages 65 and above (% of total)
Population ages 65 and above as a percentage of the total population.
Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which
counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenshipexcept
for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are
generally considered part of the population of the country of origin.
Owner: The United Nations Population Divisions World Population
Prospects.
Population density (people per sq. km of land area)
Population density is midyear population divided by land area in
square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of
population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or
citizenshipexcept for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of
their country of origin. Land area is a countrys total area, excluding
area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf,
and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland

water bodies includes major rivers and lakes.
Owner: FAO and World Bank population estimates.
Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total
population)
Population below 5 m is the percentage of the total population living
in areas where the elevation is 5 meters or less.
Owner: Center for International Earth Science Information Network
(CIESIN), Place II dataset.
Population p.a. growth (%)
See Population, total and Growth in Concepts and Methods
Population, total
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population,
which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship
except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum,
who are generally considered part of the population of their country
of origin. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Owner: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population
Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.
Potash fertilizers consumption (tonnes of K2 O total nutrients)
Owner: FAO
Potash fertilizers consumption per ha of arable area and permanent
crops (tonne/ha)
See Potash fertilizers consumption (tonnes of K2 O total nutrients).
Poultry birds (heads)
See Poultry birds and Stocks in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Poultry birds per ha of agricultural area (head/ha)
See Poultry birds.
Poultry meat (tonnes)
See Poultry meat and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Poultry meat p.a. growth (%)
See Poultry meat (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Poultry meat per capita (tonne/cap)
See Poultry meat (tonnes).
279
Poverty gap at $1.25 a day (PPP) (%)

Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the
nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the
poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its
incidence.
Poverty gap at $2 a day (PPP) (%)
Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line (counting the
nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the
poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its
incidence.
Poverty gap at national poverty line (%)
Poverty gap at national poverty line is the mean shortfall from the
poverty line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall) as a percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of poverty
as well as its incidence.
Owner: Global Poverty Working Group. Data are based on World Banks
country poverty assessments and country Poverty Reduction Strategies.
Poverty gap at rural poverty line (%)
Poverty gap at rural poverty line is the mean shortfall from the poverty
line (counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall) as a percentage
of the national rural poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of
poverty as well as its incidence.

Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of population)

Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of population)
Poverty headcount ratio at rural poverty line (% of rural population)

Rural poverty rate is the percentage of the rural population living below the national rural poverty line.
Prevalence of food inadequacy (%)

It is conceptually analogous to the prevalence of undernourishment,
but calculated setting the caloric threshold to a higher level, by using
a Physical Activity Level (PAL) coefficient of 1.75, as opposed to 1.55.
It measures the percentage of the population that is at risk of not covering the food requirements associated with normal physical activity,
and therefore including also those who, even though cannot be considered chronically undernourished, are likely being conditioned in their
economic activity by insufficient food. While the prevalence of undernourishment is an estimator of chronic food deprivation (hunger), this
new estimator is a less conservative measure of food inadequacy in
the population. The indicator is calculated on 3 year averages.
Owner: FAO
Prevalence of undernourishment (%)

Proportion of the population estimated to be at risk of caloric inadequacy. This is the traditional FAO hunger indicator, adopted as official
Millennium Development Goal indicator for goal 1, target 1.9. The indicator is calculated on 3 year averages.
Owner: FAO
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group)

Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population)
Population below $1.25 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $1.25 a day at 2005 international prices. As a result of
revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries
cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.
Poverty headcount ratio at $2 a day (PPP) (% of population)
Population below $2 a day is the percentage of the population living on
less than $2 a day at 2005 international prices. As a result of revisions
in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be
compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions.
280
Primary completion rate is the percentage of students completing the

last year of primary school. It is calculated by taking the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number
of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of
official graduation age.
Primary forest (ha)

Primary forest is naturally regenerated forest of native species, where
there are no clearly visible indications of human activities and the ecological processes are not significantly disturbed.
Owner: FAO
Primary forest, share of total forest (%)

See Primary forest (ha).
METADATA
Protein supply quantity in crops primary equivalent (g/cap/day)

Owner: FAO
Pulses harvested area (ha)
See Pulses and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Rice (paddy) production (tonnes)

See Rice (paddy) and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Rice (paddy) production p.a. growth (%)

See Rice (paddy) production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Pulses harvested area p.a. growth (%)

See Pulses harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Rice (paddy) production per capita (tonne/cap)
Pulses production (tonnes)

See Pulses and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Rice cultivation, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)
See Rice (paddy) production (tonnes).

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rice cultivation consist of

methane gas from the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in
paddy fields.
Owner: FAO
Pulses production p.a. growth (%)

See Pulses production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Rice harvested area (ha)

See Rice (paddy) and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Pulses production per capita (tonne/cap)

See Pulses production (tonnes).
Pulses yield (hg/ha)
See Pulses and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO

Owner: FAO
Rice harvested area p.a. growth (%)

See Rice harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Rice yield (hg/ha)

Pulses yield p.a. growth (%)
See Pulses yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
See Rice (paddy) and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.

Owner: FAO
Rail lines density (%)

Rail lines density corresponds to the ratio between the length of railway route available for train service, irrespective of the number of parallel tracks (rail lines, total route in km) with the area of the country.
Regional aggregates are computed as weighted average using surface
area as weight. Because of the low coverage, missing values were
interpolated using linear trend between two points or extrapolated
backward and forward using closest point. Note that regional aggregates were calculated only if countries for which data were available
represented more than 70 percent of the total area of the region they
belong to.
Owner: International Road Federation and World Road Statistics
Recovered paper production (tonnes)
See Recovered paper and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Rice yield p.a. growth (%)

See Rice yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Road density (%)

Road density is the ratio of the length of the countrys total road network to the countrys land area. The road network includes all roads in
the country: motorways, highways, main or national roads, secondary
or regional roads, and other urban and rural roads. Regional aggregates are computed as weighted average using surface area as weight.
Because of the low coverage, missing values were interpolated using
linear trend between two points or extrapolated backward and forward
using the closest point. Note that regional aggregates were calculated
only if countries for which data were available represented more than
70 percent of the total area of the region they belong to.
Owner: International Road Federation and World Road Statistics
Relative change in average protein supply (%)

See Average protein supply (g/cap/day).
Roads, paved (% of total roads)
Relative change in the average protein supply from animal origin (%)
See Average supply of protein of animal origin (g/cap/day).
Paved roads are those surfaced with crushed stone (macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminized agents, with concrete, or with cobblestones, as a percentage of all the countrys roads, measured in length.
Owner: International Road Federation, World Road Statistics and electronic files, except where noted.
281
Root and tuber crops production (tonnes)

See Root and tuber crops and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Root and tuber crops production per capita(tonne/cap)
See Root and tuber crops production (tonnes).
Roots and tubers harvested area (ha)
See Root and tuber crops and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Roots and tubers harvested area p.a. growth (%)
See Root and tuber crops harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts
and Methods.
Roots and tubers production p.a. growth (%)
See Root and tuber crops production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts
and Methods.
Roots and tubers yield (hg/ha)
See Root and tuber crops and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Roots and tubers yield p.a. growth (%)
See Root and tuber crops yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Roundwood production (m3 )
See Roundwood and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Sawnwood production p.a. growth (%)

See Sawnwood production (m3 ) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
School enrollment, primary, female (% net)

Net enrollment ratio is the ratio of children of official school age based
on the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 who
are enrolled in school to the population of the corresponding official
school age. Primary education provides children with basic reading,
writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.
School enrollment, primary, male (% net)

See School enrollment, primary, female (% net).
Services, etc., value added (% of GDP)

Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99 and they include value
added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants),
transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also
included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector
after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is
calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated
assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries,
gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.
Share of energy supply derived from cereals, roots and tubers (%)
Roundwood production p.a. growth (%)
See Roundwood production (m3 ) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Rural population (% of total population)
See Rural population, total.
Energy supply (in kcal/cap/day) provided by cereals, roots and tubers

divided by total Dietary Energy Supply (DES) (in kcal/caput/day) calculated from the correponding categories in the FAOSTAT Food Balance
Sheets. As other indicators based on Food Balance Sheets data, it is
calculated on 3 year averages, to reduce the errors due to the difficulties in recording annual stock changes.
Owner: FAO
Rural population, total

Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by
national statistical offices. It is calculated as the difference between
total population and urban population.
Owner: The data on urban population shares used to estimate rural population come from the United Nations, World Urbanization
Prospects. Total population figures are World Bank estimates.
Share of feedstocks used in bioenergy production (%)

Estimated shares of commodity globally used in non-food sectors, including industrial renewable materials and bioenergy.
Owner: FAO
Share of food expenditure of the poor (%)

Sawnwood production (m3 )
See Sawnwood and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
282
Proportion of food consumption over total consumption (food and nonfood) for the lowest income quintile of the population.
Owner: FAO
METADATA
Share of freshwater resources withdrawn by agriculture (%)

Water withdrawn for irrigation in a given year, expressed in percent
of the total actual renewable water resources. This parameter is an
indication of the pressure on the renewable water resources caused
by irrigation.
Owner: FAO
Sheep and goat meat (tonnes)
See Sheep, Goats, Meat, total, and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Sheep and goat meat p.a. growth (%)
See Sheep and goat meat (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Sheep and goat meat per capita (tonne/cap)
See Sheep and goat meat (tonnes).
Sheep and goats (heads)
See Sheep, Goats, and Stocks in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Sheep and goats per ha of agricultural area (head/ha)
See Sheep and goats (heads).
Skim milk and buttermilk production, dry (tonnes)
See Skim milk and buttermilk and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Others and stateless, total
In addition to protecting persons who are or have been displaced, UNHCR extends support to stateless persons by seeking to avoid and reduce statelessness. Stateless persons are individuals not considered as
nationals by any State under relevant national laws. UNHCR statistics
on statelessness also include people with undetermined nationality.
UNHCR has been entrusted by the General Assembly with fulfilling the
functions under Article 11 of the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of
Statelessness. As the agency designated to act as an intermediary between States and stateless persons, UNHCR provides expertise in the
area of nationality and has been requested by its Executive Committee
to promote accession to the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of
Stateless Persons and the 1961 Convention. Statelessness may be an
important reason for fleeing ones place of origin. However, most stateless persons have not fled their country of habitual residence. Because
stateless persons who are not refugees are difficult to enumerate, reliable global estimates on the scope of statelessness are currently not
available. By the end of 2007, reliable estimates are only available for
some 50 countries.
Owner: UNHCR
Sugar and honey exports (tonnes)
Exports (volume) of sugar and honey.
Owner: FAO
Sugar and honey imports (tonnes)

Imports (volume) of sugar and honey.
Owner: FAO
Sugar harvested area (ha)
See Sugar and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Sugar harvested area p.a. growth (%)
See Sugar harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Sugar production (tonnes)
See Sugar and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Sugar production p.a. growth (%)
See Sugar production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Sugar production per capita (tonne/cap)
See Sugar production (tonnes).
Sugar yield (hg/ha)
See Sugar and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Sugar yield p.a. growth (%)
See Sugar yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Synthetic fertilizers, total emissions in CO2 eq (gigagrams)
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from synthetic fertilizers consist of
nitrous oxide gas from synthetic nitrogen additions to managed soils.
Owner: FAO
Telephone lines (per 100 people)
Telephone lines are fixed telephone lines that connect a subscribers
terminal equipment to the public switched telephone network and that
have a port on a telephone exchange. Integrated services digital network channels ands fixed wireless subscribers are included.
Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area)
Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of
at least 1 000 hectares that are designated by national authorities as
scientific reserves with limited public access, national parks, natural
monuments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries, protected landscapes, and areas managed mainly for sustainable use. Marine areas,
unclassified areas, littoral (intertidal) areas, and sites protected under
local or provincial law are excluded.
Source: World Bank
Owner: United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute, based on data from national authorities, national legislation and
international agreements.
283
Total area equipped for irrigation (ha)

Area equipped to provide water (via irrigation) to crops. It includes
areas equipped for full/partial control irrigation, equipped lowland areas, and areas equipped for spate irrigation.
Owner: FAO
Total forest (ha)
Sum of Other naturally regenerated forest (ha), Primary forest (ha),
and Planted forest (ha).
Owner: FAO
Total land area (ha)
Land area is the total area of the country excluding area under inland
water bodies.
Owner: FAO
Total meat exports (tonnes)
Exports (volume) of total meat.
Owner: FAO
Total meat imports (tonnes)
Imports (volume) of total meat.
Owner: FAO
Total ODA received (US$)
Total pesticides use (tonnes)
Pesticides refer to insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, disinfectants
and any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,
destroying or controlling any pest, including vectors of human or animal disease, unwanted species of plants or animals causing harm during or otherwise interfering with the production, processing, storage,
transport or marketing of food, agricultural commodities, wood and
wood products or animal feedstuffs, or substances which may be administered to animals for the control of insects, arachnids or other
pests in or on their bodies. The term includes substances intended
for use as a plant growth regulator, defoliant, desiccant or agent for
thinning fruit or preventing the premature fall of fruit, and substances
applied to crops either before or after harvest to protect the commodity
from deterioration during storage and transport. Pesticides use data
refers to quantities of pesticides applied to crops and seeds in the agriculture sector. Figures are expressed in metric tons of active ingredients. However, due to some country reporting practices, the data may
be reported by: use in formulated product; sales; distribution or imports for use in the agricultural sector. In these cases it is specified in
the country notes.
Owner: FAO
Total pesticides use per ha of arable land and permanent crops
(tonne/ha)
Total population of concern to UNHCR, total
Population of concern to UNHCR includes: refugees, asylumseekers, returned refugees, internally displaced persons (IDPs) protected/assisted by UNHCR, returned IDPs, stateless persons, and others
of concern to UNHCR.
Owner: UNHCR
284
Total public agricultural expenditures in R & D (2005 PPP US$)

Total public agricultural expenditures in research and development.
Source: ASTI
Owner: Beintema et al.
2012, ASTI 2012, Eurostat 2012,
OECD, 2012, and various country-level secondary sources (see
for more information on data sources and estimations on
http://www.asti.cgiar.org/pdf/CountrySourcesEstimations.pdf).
Agricultural GDP from World Bank (2012).
Total public agricultural research expenditures, share of agricultural
GDP (%)
Total public agricultural expenditures in research and development.
Source: ASTI
Owner: Beintema et al.
2012, ASTI 2012, Eurostat 2012,
OECD, 2012, and various country-level secondary sources (see
for more information on data sources and estimations on
http://www.asti.cgiar.org/pdf/CountrySourcesEstimations.pdf).
Agricultural GDP from World Bank (2012).
Total refugees, total
In UNHCR statistics, refugees include individuals recognized under the
1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees; its 1967 Protocol;
the 1969 OAU Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee
Problems in Africa; those recognized in accordance with the UNHCR
Statute; individuals granted complementary forms of protection; or,
those enjoying temporary protection. The 2007 refugee population
category also includes people in a refugee-like situation, most of who
were previously included in the Others of concern group. This subcategory is descriptive in nature and includes groups of persons who
are outside their country or territory of origin and who face protection
risks similar to those of refugees, but for whom refugee status has, for
practical or other reasons, not been ascertained.
Owner: UNHCR
Total share of freshwater resources withdrawn (%)
Total freshwater withdrawn in a given year, expressed in percentage
of the actual total renewable water resources. This parameter is an
indication of the pressure on the renewable water resources.
Owner: FAO
Total water withdrawal (m3 /yr)
Annual quantity of water withdrawn for agricultural, industrial and municipal purposes. It includes renewable freshwater resources as well
as potential over-abstraction of renewable groundwater or withdrawal
of fossil groundwater and potential use of desalinated water or treated
wastewater. It does not include in stream uses, which are characterized by a very low net consumption rate, such as recreation, navigation,
hydropower, inland capture fisheries, etc.
Owner: FAO
Total water withdrawal per capita (m3 /yr/cap)
Total annual amount of water withdrawn per capita.
Owner: FAO
Trade (% of GDP)
Trade is the sum of exports and imports of goods and services measured as a share of gross domestic product.
METADATA
Treenuts harvested area (ha)

See Treenuts and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Treenuts harvested area p.a. growth (%)
See Treenuts harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Vegetable production per capita, including melons (tonne/cap)

See Vegetable production (tonnes).
Owner: FAO
Vegetables harvested area (ha)
See Vegetable, including melons and Crop area in Concepts and
Methods.
Owner: FAO
Treenuts production (tonnes)

See Treenuts and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Vegetables harvested area p.a. growth (%)

See Vegetables harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Treenuts production p.a. growth (%)

See Treenuts production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Vegetables production p.a. growth (%)

See Vegetable production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Treenuts yield (hg/ha)

See Treenuts and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Vegetables yield (hg/ha)

See Vegetable, including melons and Crop yield in Concepts and
Methods.
Owner: FAO
Treenuts yield p.a. growth (%)

See Treenuts yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Urban population (% of total population)
See Urban population, total.
Urban population, total
Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by
national statistical offices. It is calculated using World Bank population
estimates and urban ratios from the United Nations World Urbanization
Prospects.
Owner: World Bank Staff estimates based on United Nations, World
Urbanization Prospects.
Value of food imports over total merchandise exports (%)
Value of food (excl. fish) imports over total merchandise exports. The
indicator is calculated on 3 year averages.
Owner: FAO
Value of food production per capita (I$/cap)
The total value of Annual Food Production, as estimated by FAO and
published by FAOSTAT in International Dollars (I$) divided by the total
population. It provides a cross country comparable measure of the
relative economic size of the food production sector in the country.
The indicator is calculated on 3 year averages.
Owner: FAO
Vegetable production (tonnes)
See Vegetable, including melons and Crop production in Concepts
and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Vegetables yield p.a. growth (%)

See Vegetables yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Water pollution, chemical industry (% of total BOD emissions)
Industry shares of emissions of organic water pollutants refer to emissions from manufacturing activities as defined by two-digit divisions
of the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision
2: chemicals (35). Emissions of organic water pollutants are measured
by biochemical oxygen demand, which refers to the amount of oxygen
that bacteria in water will consume in breaking down waste. This is a
standard water-treatment test for the presence of organic pollutants.
Owner: 1998 study by Hemamala Hettige, Muthukumara Mani,
and David Wheeler, "Industrial Pollution in Economic Development:
Kuznets Revisited" (available at www.worldbank.org/nipr). The data
were updated by the World Banks Development Research Group using
the same methodology as the initial study.
Water pollution, clay and glass industry (% of total BOD emissions)
See Water pollution, chemical industry (% of total BOD emissions).
Water pollution, food industry (% of total BOD emissions)
Water pollution, metal industry (% of total BOD emissions)
Water pollution, other industry (% of total BOD emissions)
Water pollution, paper and pulp industry (% of total BOD emissions)
285
Water pollution, textile industry (% of total BOD emissions)

Water pollution, wood industry (% of total BOD emissions)
Water resources per capita (m3 /yr/cap)
Total annual internal renewable water resources per inhabitant.
Owner: FAO
Wheat harvested area (ha)
See Wheat and Crop area in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Wheat harvested area p.a. growth (%)
See Wheat harvested area (ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Wheat production (tonnes)
See Wheat and Crop production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Wheat production p.a. growth (%)
See Wheat production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Wheat production per capita (kg/cap)
See Wheat production (tonnes).
Wheat yield (hg/ha)
See Wheat and Crop yield in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Wheat yield p.a. growth (%)
See Wheat yield (hg/ha) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
Wood-based panels production (m3 )
See Wood-based panels and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Wood-based panels production p.a. growth (%)
See Wood-based panels production (m3 ) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Owner: FAO
Wood pulp production (tonnes)
See Wood pulp and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
286
Wood pulp production p.a. growth (%)

See Wood pulp production (tonnes) and Growth in Concepts and
Methods.
Woodfuel production (m3 )
See Woodfuel and Production in Concepts and Methods.
Owner: FAO
Woodfuel production p.a. growth (%)
See Woodfuel production (m3 ) and Growth in Concepts and Methods.
METADATA
Acronyms
ACS agricultural capital stock
ADER average dietary energy requirement
nes not elsewhere specified

NGO non-governmental organization
ODA official development assistance
ASTI Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (IFPRI)
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
BOD organic water pollutant (biochemical oxygen demand)
p.a. per annum
CH4 methane
PAL physical activity level
CIESIN Center for International Earth Science Information Network
PPP purchasing power parity
CO2 carbon dioxide
R language and environment for statistical computing and graphics
CPIA country policy and institutional assessment
R&D research and development
CRED Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters
SD standard deviation
DAC Development Assistance Committee
SOFI State of Food Insecurity in the World (FAO)
DALY disability-adjusted life years
SOFIA State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (FAO)
DES dietary energy supply
SOFO State of the Worlds Forests (FAO)
FAOSTAT FAO statistical databases

FDI foreign direct investment
SOLAW State of the Worlds Land and Water Resources for Food and
Agriculture (FAO)
FiBL Research Institute of Organic Agriculture
UN COMTRADE United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database
FPPP food purchasing power parity
UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
GDP gross domestic product
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
GFSM Government Finance Statistics Manual
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
GHG greenhouse gas

GIEWS Global Information and Early Warning System on Food and Agriculture (FAO)
UNHCR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNICEF United Nations Childrens Fund
GMOs genetically modified organism
UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organization
GNI gross national income
UNPD United Nations Population Division
ha hectare(s)
WB World Bank
ICP International Comparison Program
WDI World Development Indicators (World Bank)
IDMC Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
WFS World Food Summit
IDPs internally displaced person
WHO World Health Organization
IEA International Energy Agency

IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFOAM International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements
IFPRI International Food Policy ResearchInstitute
ILO International Labour Organization
IMF International Monetary Fund
INFOODS International Network of Food Data Systems
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IPM integrated pest management
ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities
IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature
KILM Key Indicators of the Labour Market
LADA Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands
LDC least developed country
LIFDC low-income food deficit country
LULUCF Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry
M49 standard country or area codes for statistical use
MDG Millennium Development Goal
MICCA Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture Programme
N2 O nitrous oxide
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration (United States
of America
287
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FAO STATISTICAL YEARBOOK

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Jos Graziano da Silva

How to use this book

Part 2 Hunger dimensions gauges the state of food insecurity and

Country definitions and classification

Data presentation conventions

A billion is 1 000 million.

In tables, 0 or 0.0 means zero or a number that is small enough

A ~ in the maps refers to the range specified in the class intervals.

Number undernourished and their prevalence in the population

Feeding the world:

Land and Forestry

World rural and urban population (1960-2050) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Per capita oil crop production (2000-2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

World population annual growth (percent, 2000-2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Marine protected areas (share of territorial waters, 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Population and structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

and Northern Ireland in the eighteenth century and spread to other

The State of Food and Agriculture, FAOs major

2012: Investing in agriculture for a better future

2009: Livestock in the balance

Looking Ahead in World Food and Agriculture

for a better future

CHART 1: World rural and urban population

Although demographic growth rates have been slowing

The trajectory of the worlds future population rests heavily

Source: United Nations Population Division.

CHART 2: Agricultural population (1990 and 2010)

Source: FAO, Statistics Division (FAOSTAT).

MAP 1: World population annual growth (percent, 2000-2011)

1.5 ~ < 2.5

Source: World Bank (WDI).

CHART 4: Population density (2010)

CHART 3: Population ages 0-14 and 65+, share of total

Source: World Bank (WDI).

Source: World Bank (WDI).

The worlds population is ageing. Today, roughly 27 percent

CHART 5: Change in life expectancy between

UN Population Fund (www.unfpa.org/)

Source: World Bank (WDI).

MAP 2: GNI per capita, current US$ (percent, 2010-2011*)

190 ~ < 1 110

1 110 ~ < 3 150

3 150 ~ < 7 080

7 080 ~ < 18 400

Source: World Bank (WDI).

MAP 3: Under-5 mortality rate (per 1 000 live births, 2010-2011*)

1.9 ~ < 6.2

Source: World Bank (WDI).

Source: World Bank (WDI).

CHART 7: Trade, FDI and ODA as shares of GDP

International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook

The agriculture sector does not provide a large part of global

Following the onset of the fastest and deepest slowdown in

Changes in the wider economy and macroeconomic policies

CHART 6: Value added in agriculture, industry and

Source: World Bank (WDI).

Source: World Bank (WDI).

MAP 5: Agriculture, value added as share of GDP (percent, 2008-2011*)

Source: World Bank (WDI).

Land and Water

CHART 8: Arable land per capita, top 20 countries