Head Spherical articular projection Head of femur Condyle Approximately cylindrical Medial & lateral femoral articular mass condyles Trochlea Pulley like articular mass Trochlea of distal humerus Facet Relatively flat articular surface Articular facets between carpal bones Nonarticular Projections General term for bony Spinous process or Process projection transverse process of vertebra Tuberosity (Tuber) Relatively large nonarticular Deltoid tuberosity of projection humerus and tuber sacrale of pelvis Tubercle(tuberculum) Smaller projection Greater and lesser tubercles of humerus Spine Pointed projection or ridge Nasal spine of palatine bone and spine of scapula Crest Sharp ridge Median sacral crest Neck Cylindrical part of bone to Femoral neck which a head is attached Line(linea) Small ridge or mark on bone Gluteal lines of ilium Articular Depressions Fovea Small depression (may be Fovea capitis on head of articular or not) femur Glenoid Cavity Shallow articular concavity Glenoid cavity of scapula Notch Indentation (may be articular Semilunar notch of ulna and or not) alar notch of atlas Nonarticular Depressions Large nonarticular depression Supraspinous fossa of Fossa scapula Foramen Circumscribed hole in bone Foramen magnum at base of skull Canal Tunnel through one or more Vertebral canal through bones length of vertebral column NERVES OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS
Nerve Muscles Innervated Cutaneous Distribution
Suprascapular Supraspinatus & infraspinatus No sensory fibers Pectoral Superficial, deep pectoral No sensory fibers Subscapular Subscapularis No sensory fibers Musculocutaneous Biceps brachial Medical aspect of Coracobrachialis antebrachium, carpus, Brachialis craniomedial aspect of metacarpus Axillary Teres minor et major Deltoid Shoulder region Radial Triceps brachial Craniolateral aspect Anconeus ofantebrachium Extensor carpi radialis Common and lateral digital extensors Ulnaris lateralis Extensor carpi obliquus Supinator Ulnar Flexor carpi ulnaris Caudal aspect of Deep digital flexor antibrachium, craniolateral Intrinsic mm of digit(When aspect of Metacarpus, present) pastern/foot Medin Flexor carpi radialis Caudal metacarpus, Superficial and deep digital pastern/foot flexor pronator ters(When present) Thoracodorsal Latissimus dorsi No sensory fibers Lateral thoracic Cutaneous trund No sensory fibers NERVE OF LUMBERACRAL PLEXUS
Nerve Muscles Innervated Cutaneous Distribution
Cranial gluteal Middle and deep gluteal No sensory fibers Caudal gluteal Superficialgluteal No sensory fibers Parts of middle gluteal semitendinosus, Biceps femoris in horse Femoral Sartorius Medial aspect of thigh Quadriceps femoris Iliopsoas Obturator Adductor No sensory fibers Gracilis Pectineus Obturator externus Sciatic Semitendinosus et semimenbranosus Sensory fibers arise from Biceps feoris distal branches (peroneal & Obturator internus tibial nn) Gemeili
Number Name Type Arises Form Function and Distribution
1. Olfactory Sensory Olfactory Olfaction (Smell); nasal bulb mucosa 2. Optic Sensory Diencephalon Vision; retina 3. Oculomotor Motor Midbrain Motor to extraocular eye muscles; parasympathetic innervation to iris sphincter and ciliary muscles 4. Trochlear Motor Midbrain Dorsal oblique muscle of eye 5. Trigeminal Mixed Pons
Ophthalmic Sensory Sensory to eye and dorsal
division parts of head Maxilary division Sensory Sensory to maxillary region, nasal cavity, palates, upper teeth Mandibular Mixed Sensory to tongue, lower division teeth and jaw; Motor to muscles of mastication 6. Abducent Motor Medulla Lateral rectus and retractor bulbi muscles of eye 7. Facial Mixed Medulla Sensory (taste)to rostral two- thirds of tongue; parasympathetic to salivary and lacrimal glands; motor to muscles of facial expression 8. Vestibulocochlear Sensory Medulla Hearing (cochlear division) and sense of acceleration(vestibular division) 9. Glossopharyngeal Mixed Medulla Sensory(taste) to caudal third of tongue; parasympathetic to salivary glands; motor to pharyngeal muscles 10. Accessory Motor Medulla & Motor to cervical, shoulder Cervical muscles(e.g. trapezius) Spinal Cord 11. Hypoglossal Motor Medulla Muscles of tongue